Preparations for the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia. The diagnosis of "asthenoteratozoospermia" and its impact on pregnancy

In half of the cases of infertility or successful conception of a baby, a man is the one. Quantitative and quality state sperm is not always able to help in conception. At timely diagnosis and proper treatment the ability of the sperm to fertilize the egg can be restored. In this article, we will explain what asthenoteratozoospermia is and how to treat it. Consider what asthenozoospermia is.

Asthenoteratozoospermia in men

Asthenoteratozoospermia is a concept in urology that describes the condition of sperm. This term means a decrease in the speed of gametes or asthenozoospermia, as well as a decrease in the number of normal structure of male germ cells or asthenocrozoospermia.

For information! Asthenozoospermia is a pathological condition of the ejaculate characterized by sharp decline sperm speed.

According to statistics, both diagnoses occur simultaneously in men and are called asthenoteratozoospermia. This condition is due to the fact that the mobility of germ cells directly depends on the normal and correct structure of the spermatozoon. It is in violation of sperm that conception becomes impossible. This pathology classified into several categories:

Type 1 - in the seminal fluid there is 50% or more of the correct structure of spermatozoa with normal mobility;
type 2 - the number of healthy male germ cells varies between 30-50%;
Type 3 - the number of healthy male germ cells is less than 30%.

Important! With type 3 asthenozoospermia, infertility is diagnosed.

Causes of asthenoteratozoospermia

What is asthenozoospermia and what factors cause this disease in men? The main causes of asthenozoospermia are caused by a change in the composition of the seminal fluid, which can be triggered by diseases or other contributing factors. The main causes of male infertility include the following:

teratozoospermia- a condition in which the structure of the sperm is disturbed, as a result of which the ability of their movement in the required direction may change;
asthenozoospermia – low activity male sex cells and their weakening;
azoospermia - a condition in which there are no male germ cells in the ejaculate;
oligozoospermia– low number of spermatozoa in seminal fluid;
akinospermia - the absence of semen during ejaculation;

For information! Chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes and other infectious diseases can cause infertility in men.

malnutrition and frequent diet abuse;
frequent hot baths, visits to baths or saunas;
transmitted infectious diseases in childhood, for example, chronic tonsillitis, erysipelas, infectious parotitis;
constant wearing of tight and uncomfortable underwear;
violations in hormonal background, for example, changes in testosterone, LH, FSH, and prolactin levels;
genital trauma;
Availability chronic diseases pelvic organs, for example, prostatitis;
congenital diseases;
constant intoxication (alcohol, nicotine, radiation, medicines, heavy metals).

For information! Varicocele - varicose veins veins in spermatic cord and scrotum, can also cause infertility.

Treatment of asthenozoospermia is based on clinical research, which display the reason for the decrease in sperm activity or the absence of sperm.

Signs and methods of diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia

In medicine, it is noted that asthenoteratozoospermia has no obvious clinical manifestations and symptoms. The only manifestation of the disease is the inability to conceive a child for long period time.

For information! Infertility in men can manifest itself against the background of inflammatory processes, in which case all the symptoms are attributed to the main type of the disease.

Asthenozoospermia causes and treatment are prescribed on the basis of a diagnosis, which is made only after passing the spermogram. With the help of the analysis, the degree of the disease is determined. As a rule, a spermogram is carried out 3 times with a mandatory break of up to 2 months. For getting accurate results It is recommended that a man follow these recommendations:

exclude sexual intercourse 3 days before the test;
avoid smoking;
do not wear tight underwear made of synthetic fabrics;
if possible, avoid stressful situations, depression and overwork;
do not visit baths, saunas, hot baths;
exclude strong physical exercise.

For information! In the absence of reasons for the formation of the disease, it is recommended to undergo a genetic study to identify congenital spermatogenesis.

Before taking a spermogram, a man needs to empty bladder, wash the genitals and hand over the ejaculate. received seminal fluid examined under a microscope, where the main indicator of spermatozoa is evaluated. The occurrence of the cause of the disease is established on the basis of studies that include:

general and detailed blood test with mandatory determination of glucose levels;
analysis to determine the latent sexual infection;
performing palpation of the prostate;
detection of the level of prolactin and testosterone in the body of a man;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

In order to understand what asthenoteratozoospermia is and how to treat this disease, correct diagnosis is very important.

Treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia

The occurrence of infertility in men can be triggered various factors, therefore, asthenozoospermia and its treatment are carried out according to individual scheme taking into account the characteristics of the organism. The main methods of therapy are prescribed by the embryologist and andrologist. You can cure the disease in the following ways:

auxiliary reproductive technology(IVF, PICSI, artificial insemination);
surgical intervention;
drug therapy.

For information! The method of treatment is prescribed based on the identified etiological factor, which provoked asthenozoospermia.

After identifying the cause of the disease, the patient is selected drug therapy. The course of treatment includes the use of adaptogenic and antioxidant drugs, which significantly improve the quality of sperm. Asthenozoospermia - treatment, drugs used to restore seminal fluid:

Tribestan is a drug that has a positive effect on the activity of spermatozoa. Tribestan can be used to treat immune infertility and erectile dysfunction;
biological additives - as natural ingredients use Spermactin. This medicine is available in the form of a powder, its main task is to increase the mobility of gametes and their normal maturation;
Vitamin E - contributes to the normalization of testosterone levels in male body;
Folic acid- stimulates the growth of new cells and improves their morphology.

For information! Dietary supplements stabilize cell membranes, increase fertilizing properties and improve metabolic processes.

It is worth noting, drug method treatment can be combined with folk. For example, elecampane grass improves the quality of sperm and increases the mobility of male germ cells. To prepare the infusion, you will need a crushed elecampane root, rose hips and 500 milliliters of water, pour the mixture, boil for 15 minutes, insist and strain. It is necessary to take the infusion for two days, a tablespoon every two hours.

If a man has been found to be genetically predisposed to developing infertility, an IVF procedure is offered as an alternative.

If there are anomalies in the structure of the organs responsible for the reproductive function, surgical intervention. Quite often, experts include massage treatments prostate and physiotherapy. It is recommended to include in the diet foods rich in zinc, selenium, L-carotene and vitamin E. In general, male infertility is treatable and brings a positive result.

The problem with the activity of male germ cells, most often occurs due to the abuse of alcoholic beverages, the use of narcotic and nicotine products. Proper lifestyle, nutrition, diagnosis, timely treatment inflammatory diseases and infertility, are able to fully restore sperm quality and gamete motility.

Often long absence children in the family is caused by various disorders of the male sexual sphere. In some cases, the cause of infertility in married couple is asthenoteratozoospermia. The causes of this pathology are in the patient's lifestyle, attitude to their health, certain types of diseases, rare cases genetic disorders occur.

It is important to know what the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is based on, the causes and symptoms of asthenoteratozoospermia, whether pregnancy is possible with asthenoteratozoospermia, and what are the results of the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia.

This medical term denotes a combination of asthenozoospermia (decrease in sperm motility) and teratozoospermia (the appearance of abnormal spermatozoa and a decrease in the number of normal spermatozoa). Since the motility of spermatozoa depends on their structure, these two conditions are interrelated.

The diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is based on the results of several spermograms. The diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is made if there is a decrease in motility in more than 50% of spermatozoa, and the number of spermatozoa of the correct structure is less than 30%. To clarify the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia and identify causes that can affect the maturation of spermatozoa, an ultrasound of the scrotum is done and the hormonal background is determined.

Asthenoteratozoospermia. The reasons

Asthenoteratozoospermia, the causes of which are - irregular structure sperm cells and their low speed, develops due to the impact of various negative factors. Sperm quality can be affected heat, circulatory disorders, inflammatory processes of the urogenital area, injuries and diseases. A sperm cell is a male gamete that consists of a head, neck, body, and tail. Its motor ability depends on the correctness of the structure. The head of the sperm must have oval shape, she carries an acrosome, which during fertilization female gamete secretes enzymes that dissolve the membrane of the female germ cell. It depends on whether fertilization will take place or not. The acrosome is a membrane vesicle that carries lytic enzymes and occupies half the volume of the sperm head. The sperm head contains a haploid nucleus that carries a set of chromosomes. The sperm neck connects the head and body of the spermatozoon, thanks to which oscillatory movements occur. The sperm body is made up of microtubules and mitochondria, which nutrients into the energy of the spermatozoon. The tail or flagellum of the sperm is the longest part of the gamete. It should look like a smooth cylinder without various flaws, which makes great amount oscillatory movements to advance the spermatozoon a few millimeters. Active spermatozoa have thinning at the end, which helps to increase the speed of the gamete. Small size the male germ cell contributes to the speed of its movement.

Any violation in the structure of sperm leads to a decrease in the speed of movement, changes the direction of movement of the sperm - this has Negative influence on ability male gamete to fertilization.

Asthenoteratozoospermia, the causes of which are a combination of several pathologies, is often associated with in an unhealthy way life - alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking. All these factors have a detrimental effect on the ejaculate, the health of the male genital area, and contribute to the development of asthenoteratozoospermia. The causes of the disease are varied, ranging from traumatic sports (cycling, equestrianism) to banal obesity.

Asthenoteratozoospermia can occur with:

inflammatory diseases genitourinary system;
scrotum injuries;
overheating and squeezing of the testicles;
varicocele;
infectious diseases(mumps, tonsillitis, erysipelas)
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs);
violations hormonal balance;
spermatogenesis disorder.

An important cause of asthenoteratozoospermia is a genetic predisposition. Among the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia can also be called malnutrition and bad habits.

Asthenoteratozoospermia. Symptoms

Unfortunately, there are no symptoms of asthenoteratozoospermia. The man has no complaints and his ejaculatory function does not suffer. If we talk about asthenoteratozoospermia, then the only symptom and complaint is the impossibility of conception. This is the reason for going to the doctor and examination. Without a specially performed analysis (spermogram), it is impossible to make a diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia.

If present inflammatory process(for example, a man is diagnosed with prostatitis, orchitis, epididymitis or vesiculitis), then symptoms characteristic of these diseases appear, and asthenozoospermia, pyospermia are noted in the spermogram ( increased amount leukocytes). Normally, in 1 ml of semen, the allowable number of leukocytes is up to 1 million. In this case, the inflammatory process and pyospermia cause asthenoteratozoospermia. If asthenoteratozoospermia, pyospermia are in the tests, then the doctor prescribes a semen culture to identify the pathogen, in addition, sensitivity to antibiotics is determined for the most effective treatment.

Asthenoteratozoospermia: how to treat

Since the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia are varied, treatment should be individualized. In the absence of congenital and acquired pathology of the genitourinary system, inflammatory diseases, spermogram parameters sometimes improve after the exclusion of a factor harmful to the process of sperm maturation. To do this, it is enough to change the way of life, to exclude stressful situations, give up bad habits. In such situations, in the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia, special vitamin complexes for men are also prescribed, as well as drugs that stimulate spermatogenesis (speman, spermaktin, tribestan, and others).

If asthenoteratozoospermia is caused by an infection of the genitourinary system, then the treatment will primarily be aimed at eliminating inflammation, and then a course is also prescribed. rehabilitation treatment(vitamins, adaptogens, antioxidants, spermatogenesis stimulants). In the case when asthenoteratozoospermia is caused by varicocele, anomalies in the development of the genital organs, microsurgical treatment is indicated. In some cases competent treatment helps to restore the fertilizing ability of sperm. Treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia, the causes of which are bad habits, begins with the abandonment of alcohol, smoking, and drugs. A healthy lifestyle has a positive effect on sperm quality. It should be remembered that chemotherapy, cancer treatment with certain types of drugs, can affect the development of asthenoteratozoospermia. The reasons lie in negative impact such therapy on body cells, including sex male cells.

Asthenoteratozoospermia and pregnancy

A frequently asked question is if a husband has asthenoteratozoospermia, is it possible for a wife to become pregnant in the presence of such a pathology? There is no definite answer, since everything depends on the severity of the pathology and the cause that caused it. If the cause is removable, then the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia is carried out for more than one month and often ends long-awaited pregnancy. Is it possible to get pregnant if my husband has grade 3 asthenoteratozoospermia. Of course, the treatment of grade 3 asthenoteratozoospermia will take more time, patience and effort, but most likely you will have to use assisted reproductive technologies.

Asthenoteratozoospermia and IVF

Whatever the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia, a timely visit to a doctor in most cases gives positive results. If pregnancy does not occur within several years of treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia, then with asthenoteratozoospermia, IVF ICSI can become the main method to help achieve pregnancy and make your dream of children come true. Spermatozoa of a normal structure are isolated from the sperm, the egg is fertilized by puncture and the embryo is implanted in the uterus. In the medical clinic "IVF Center" treatment is carried out severe forms male infertility. The center also has a bank. donor sperm that meets all the necessary requirements.

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Asthenoteratozoospermia, what is it? Such a common term in reproduction has Greek roots and is formed from several parts. "Asteno-" means weakness, lethargy, "terato-" means ugliness, monstrosity. "Zoo-" characterizes the living, and, finally, "sperm" indicates the seed, sperm.

Accordingly, the answer to the question of asthenoteratozoospermia, what it is, asks for itself. Under asthenoteratozoospermia in medical practice understand the fundamental breach motor function and morphological characteristics spermatozoa of a mature male. This is a violation of spermatogenesis. The condition under consideration is relatively rare, 1 man per 10,000 people suffers. What should you know about asthenoteratozoospermia?

We are talking about a complex, systemic violation of the reproductive characteristics of germ cells, since not only their lethargy is observed, but also a defective structure. In practice, this means that with a high degree of probability several factors are “involved” at once. Consider what causes of asthenozoospermia can be called.

First of all, it is infectious and viral diseases generalized character. According to the latest medical research, the greatest danger to the stronger sex is the so-called mumps (mumps). Out of therapy this disease provokes orchitis and severe damage to the testicles. The result is already clear - a violation of spermatogenesis and the formation of defective germ cells.

Traumatic damage to the testicles entails a temporary acquired pathological condition. With proper treatment, the functions and composition of sperm are restored to normal indicators(this happens, on average, 3 months after the injury).

Hyperthermia. Normal spermatogenesis is possible only if the temperature of the testicles does not exceed 34.5 degrees Celsius. Visiting baths, saunas, taking hot baths, wearing tight synthetic underwear, all these are factors in the development of asthenoteratozoospermia in a severe stage. However, as with trauma, we are talking about transient disorder reproductive function.

Abnormal development of the testicles, as a rule, is congenital. The most dangerous disease is cryptorchidism - a condition when the testicles cannot exit the retroperitoneal space into the scrotum. With a 50-60% probability, even a unilateral lesion of the testicles entails a persistent violation of fertility. Additionally, among the anomalies in the development of the testicles, hypoplasia (underdevelopment), anorchism (lack of testicles) and others are called.

Endocrine pathologies. The most frequently talked about are:

an excess of male sex hormones (excessive production of androgens);
diabetes mellitus in the decompensation phase, if no treatment was prescribed or the patient receives incorrect and ineffective therapy;
hypothyroidism, this is an insufficiency in the work of the thyroid gland;
the presence in the blood of an increased concentration of the hormone prolactin due to diseases of the pituitary gland (usually talking about tumors of the chiasmal-sellar region);
excessive concentration of estrogen.

Radiation effects on the body of a representative of the stronger sex. Due to frequent X-ray studies, holding radiotherapy, service on submarines, work at nuclear power plants. Intoxication of the body chronic nature. Lead, ethyl alcohol, silicates, etc.

Sexually transmitted diseases. In other words - venereal infections.
Physical inactivity. Lack of movement. Hyperdynamia, which entails a decrease in the concentration of testosterone. Wrong menu. Alimentary cause plays an important role.

As a rule, there is whole complex pathological causes Therefore, one can rightfully call asthenoteratozoospermia a polyetiological and multifactorial condition. The pathology under consideration is never primary. It is always secondary to one disease or another. Most often, the "culprits" are prostatitis, infectious and viral diseases.

Symptoms

As a rule, no symptoms of asthenoteratozoospermia appear at all. Main outward sign- this is the inability to conceive a full-fledged child for a long time. What are the cases of infertility? A combination of three factors is important:

The frequency of sexual intercourse is at least once a month.
The absence of problems with the reproductive system of the spouse.
Duration of attempts - from six months or more.

However, even if the situation corresponds to all the above signs, we are not talking about asthenoteratozoospermia. It can only be revealed through objective research. The very first examination that a representative of the stronger sex must undergo is a spermogram.

Degrees

Medical practice, developed in 2010 by the World Health Organization, is aware of three degrees of severity of asthenoteratozoospermia:

First degree. When the number of healthy and full-fledged germ cells is half or more of all cytological units.
Second degree. In this case, we are talking about the range from 31 to 50% of healthy cytological units.
Finally, they speak of the third stage in the situation when the number of spermatozoa capable of fertilization does not exceed 30%. This condition occurs most often, because patients turn to the doctor due to their own inattention too late.

The severity of the process can only be determined by means of a spermogram.

Diagnostics

Asthenoteratozoospermia can be diagnosed by an andrologist or reproductologist. It is they who should be contacted in the first place if there are suspicions of problems in the sexual sphere. On the initial appointment the doctor interrogates the patient, determines the nature and extent of complaints, their prescription. It is important to tell everything accurately and not forget the details. Additionally, an anamnesis is collected. A huge diagnostic role is played by such factors as injuries, infectious and inflammatory diseases, etc.

The spermogram puts an end to the question. According to the same medical practice, a healthy seed must meet the following criteria:

The volume of seminal fluid should be at least 1 milliliter or more (about a full teaspoon).
The number of cytological units is 30-45 million.
The concentration of germ cells per milliliter of seminal fluid is about 10-16 million units.
The number of active germ cells is about 60%.
Acidity no more and no less than 7.
Leukocytes are normal - single.
The number of defective cells is no more than 1-2%.

It is important that you need to donate sperm for analysis according to certain rules. What are the recommendations?

Prior to the start of the study, 4-5 days should have given up sexual contact. Otherwise, the result will be false.
Overheating of the testicles must be excluded in a few days, otherwise spermatogenesis will be disturbed.
Alcohol is excluded for a week. Ethanol negatively affects sperm.
Stress and physical overload should be avoided.

Therapy

AT without fail appointed drug treatment as well as diet. Among drugs, preference is given to pharmaceuticals to eliminate the primary pathology that caused such a difficult condition. These are anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antibacterial drugs and other medicines. Specific names are selected by a specialist, based on the severity of the underlying disease.

Importance is also attached to the right way of life:

Smoking is excluded.
Do not drink alcohol, even in minimum quantities. Ethanol is the enemy of a healthy reproductive system.
It is important to keep optimal physical activity but don't overwork.
The diet should contain as many nuts, seafood, vegetables, fruits as possible.
No canned food, semi-finished products, fried, smoked, fatty foods.
Wear comfortable, loose cotton underwear.
Additionally, vitamin and mineral complexes are prescribed to maintain the health of the reproductive system as a whole.

Effects

Asthenoteratozoospermia, what it is and how to treat, we have already figured it out. However, one more question remains. Both the men themselves and their spouse are interested in the question of whether it is possible to get pregnant naturally with asthenoteratozoospermia. The answer will be ambivalent.

On the one hand in current state when the sperm count is low, the chance of conception is minimal. However, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the degree of violations is always different. At the first stage, conception is quite possible. It should be remembered that teratozoospermia, which is part of the structure of the described disease, is fraught with the development of a defective embryo. The result is a spontaneous abortion, severe course gestation and the likelihood of having an unhealthy child (with genetic mutations).

On the other hand, one can always pass complex treatment and normalize the composition and structure of seminal fluid. This is not easy and requires a whole range of actions on the part of the stronger sex.

Asthenoteratozoospermia - complex disease requiring urgent correction. You can't do without the help of a doctor. If there is a violation of fertility, it is worth contacting a specialist. Perhaps it is the state in question that is to blame. Fortunately, it is corrected by modern methods, although a lot of effort will be required from a man.

It is far from always the fault that a couple fails to get pregnant is the health of a woman - violations of male fertility are no less common. For example, one of the forms of male infertility, asthenoteratozoospermia, can become the cause.

What is asthenoteratozoospermia?

In the body of a man, spermatogenesis constantly proceeds - the development and maturation of germ cells, resulting in the formation of full-fledged spermatozoa. The testicles located in the scrotum are responsible for the process. Inside, they consist of seminiferous tubules, where spermatids appear. The latter, after a series of divisions, lengthen, acquire a head and turn into spermatozoa. After maturation from the testicle, they move to the appendage, and this process lasts about 74 days.

The disease asthenoteratozoospermia implies a combination of such disorders in men as low mobility spermatozoa and failure in their structure. Pathology means a defective condition of the sperm, when more than 20% of the cells are abnormal.

The term is deciphered as follows:

"astheno" - weakness;
"teratos" - deformity;
"zoo" - a living being;
"sperm" is the male seed.

Thus, asthenoteratozoospermia literally means "weak, ugly living seed." If normally the spermatozoon is a “tadpole” from the nucleus, middle part and flagellum, then with this pathology both the shape and internal structure cells can change. The ICD-10 disease code is N46 "Male infertility".
In the video, spermatozoa with asthenoteratozoospermia:

Causes of pathology

In the study of pathology, experts have established that chronic inflammatory and infectious pathologies male genital area. Especially dangerous is viral mumps, or mumps, which a boy can endure in childhood. If a man becomes infected in adulthood, the risk of remaining infertile is very high. With poor-quality therapy, parotitis causes testicular atrophy.

The same consequences for the body can be banal STIs - type 2 herpes, chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis and others. They negatively affect the quality of sperm, especially when prolonged absence therapy. Nonspecific infections (, prostatitis,) also have a bad effect on the male reproductive system.

Lifelong risk factors for asthenoteratozoospermia are:

Injury to the testicles, appendages;
Wearing tight synthetic underwear;
UV, X-rays, radiation;
Drug addiction, alcoholism;
Hormonal disorders (decrease in testosterone, increase in prolactin, estrogen, etc.);
Thyroid diseases;
Diabetes;
bad monotonous food, avitaminosis.

Abuse of baths, saunas, hot baths also harms spermatozoa, because they mature at low temperatures and die when it rises. Also at congenital malformations the structure of the testicles in a man may be asthenoteratozoospermia, for example, with testicular hypoplasia, anorchism, monorchism.

Stages of pathology

Allocate next steps(degrees) of asthenoteratozoospermia:

1 degree - more than 50% of spermatozoa function normally.
Grade 2 - only 30-50% of spermatozoa are correct.
Grade 3 - less than 30% of male germ cells are normal.

Forms

Specialists classify sperm motility into the following groups:

Group A. Sex cells move up to 30 cm / hour, the nature of the movement is only forward.
Group B. The speed of the cells is very low, they also move forward.
Group C. The activity and speed of the cells are not disturbed, but the trajectory is incorrect (they move backward, rotate).
Group D. Spermatozoa are immobile or inactive.

If a man has more than 25% of group A cells in his sperm, and together with group B there are more than 38% of them, this is the norm. Otherwise, a diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia may be made.

Clinical picture

By clinical signs it is very difficult to identify asthenoteratozoospermia, because the external genital organs are formed correctly, have normal size(exception - anomalies of the structure that caused the disease). sex life the man is also normal, there are no problems with ejaculation.

But the symptoms appear from the causes that caused the disease:

With - a visually noticeable expansion of the veins, pain in the scrotum, pulling sensations, general discomfort.
In inflammatory diseases of the genital area - leukocytosis in the analysis of blood and urine, pain syndrome, increase in local and general temperature.
With leukospermia - leukocytosis in semen analysis, pain in the lower abdomen.
With oligospermia - a small amount of sperm.

If the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia are associated with in the wrong way life or other hidden phenomena, the only sign is the inability to conceive a child. In some cases, conception occurs, but consequences are possible in the form of a missed pregnancy at the earliest possible date.

In many patients, asthenoteratozoospermia is combined with other pathologies, for example, with polyspermia. At the same time, an increased volume of sperm is observed, when there are too many active spermatozoa, while they have violations of the structure and shape.

Diagnostics

In order to make a diagnosis, a spermogram is performed three times with an interval of 14 days. In order for the analysis to give correct results, a man must carefully prepare for it.

Preparation is carried out according to the following rules:

Stop drinking alcohol, smoking (preferably);
Do not visit the bath, sauna, do not take a bath with hot water;
Do not wear tight underwear, especially synthetics;
Do not practice heavy physical activity;
Do not overwork;
Do not be stressed;
3 days before the test, do not have sex.

AT medical institution a man must empty his bladder, wash his genitals and donate ejaculate (a separate room is allocated for the procedure). Next, the liquid will be examined under a microscope on glass, studying the main indicators. The impact of a number of reagents is also applied ( biochemical analysis sperm).

Normal sperm counts are:

Volume - from 1.5 ml;
The number of spermatozoa is 33-46 million, in 1 milliliter - 12-16 million;
The number of motile spermatozoa (group A) - 25-35%;
The total number of cells of groups A and B is 38-42%;
Acidity - above 7.2 pH;
Leukocytes - less than 1 million / ml;
Color - white-gray;
Smell - neutral (sharp, bad smell- a sign of infection);
Viscosity is jelly-like, but not too thick.

Dyes are used to detect leukocytes, as these blood cells look like immature forms of spermatozoa. If leukocytosis is diagnosed, a series of studies should be carried out to identify an acute inflammatory process.

With asthenoteratozoospermia, such deviations from the norm are usually found:

The predominance of type C and D cells in sperm.
The shape of the sperm head is incorrect, the contours are changed, the size is small or too large. Also, the head may be completely absent.
The neck of germ cells and their body are short or long, curved.
The flagellum of the spermatozoa doubles or is absent at all, the shape and size are incorrect.

Be sure to identify the cause of the pathology and select a therapy algorithm, a number of clarifying examinations are prescribed:

KLA, blood biochemistry;
blood sugar;
Hormone levels, including thyroid hormones;
Ultrasound of the pelvis, scrotum;
Rectal examination of the prostate;
Smears for STIs;
Test for antisperm antibodies.

If a clear reason for pathology no, a number of recommended genetic research to search for congenital problems of spermatogenesis.
On the video, the causes and diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia:

How to treat?

Without affecting the causes of the disease, it will be difficult to cure the pathology. Therefore, a man should stop drinking alcohol, smoking, lead an active lifestyle, cure STIs, stop prostatitis, etc. Treatment can take up to several months and will require significant effort from the patient himself.

To stimulate spermatogenesis, various drugs can be used:

Vitamin B9 ( folic acid). It is usually recommended 0.4 g / day, as well as increased consumption of vitamin-containing foods - liver, fish, basil, spinach, cottage cheese, walnuts, eggplant.
Vitamin E. Take it in pills or change the diet - include more nuts, vegetable oil, beans, lard, beef.
Spermactin. Helps maturation of germ cells and their development, improves metabolism in testicular tissue.
Tribestan. The medicine is used for all types of impotence, for infertility.
Selzinc plus. This vitamin complex includes zinc, vitamin A, ascorbic acid, selenium, serves as a powerful antioxidant, improves metabolic processes.

Often a course of physiotherapy is recommended, with inflammatory diseases - taking antibiotics. With hormonal abnormalities, hormonal therapy is used. Almost all men are shown taking immunomodulators. The operation is usually performed only for varicocele, scars and adhesions.

Is it possible to get pregnant?

Getting pregnant naturally is not always possible - depending on the cause of asthenoteratozoospermia and its degree. If the degree is severe, pregnancy is almost impossible.

Treatment provided and healthy lifestyle life helps to improve spermograms in a number of men, so pregnancy becomes real.

In other cases, especially with autoimmune and genetic problems, it is recommended to get pregnant through IVF or ICSI. Specialists will take from the ejaculate healthy sperm which need very little. After artificial insemination the embryo is placed in the uterus. Only when total absence viable cells, pregnancy will become impossible even with the help of IVF, ICSI.

Disease prevention

To prevent asthenoteratozoospermia, you need:

Follow a healthy lifestyle;
Prevent STIs;
Treat all infections and inflammations in time;
Eat right, drink vitamins;
Do not overheat;
Do not wear low-quality and tight underwear;
Avoid injuries to the genitals;
Have a regular sex life;
Control body weight.

Forecast

It is difficult to make an accurate forecast, it is impossible to give guarantees of healing for sure. Recovery will be problematic with the advanced stage of asthenoteratozoospermia. It all depends on the efforts, the duration of the course, compliance with all the doctor's prescriptions. important and mental attitude- at strong desire a man can do a lot for his recovery.
On the video about whether it is possible to get pregnant with asthenoteratozoospermia:

Today, many couples are faced with the problem of a new life. Reasons may be hidden in female body, as well as in men. Experts note that in almost 50% of cases, married couple unable to conceive a child due to problems with the reproductive system in men. Under such a problem, asthenoteratozoospermia can be hidden - a disease of the male reproductive system, which, however, is not a sentence for the stronger sex. In this article, we will talk about what asthenoteratozoospermia is and how to treat this disease in men.

What is asthenoteratozoospermia in men

Under the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia, specialists mean the abnormal structure of spermatozoa in men, as well as a violation of their mobility.
It should be noted that even in males with strong reproduction, “unhealthy” spermatozoa can be found in the seminal fluid, but their number in relation to the total volume will be insignificant.

There is a certain acceptable limit for abnormal sperm, and if it is exceeded, a diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is made.

stages

There are three stages this disease:

The first stage - seminal plasma contains more than 50% of sperm, the structure of which does not differ in any violations. The mobility of gametes remains at a high level.
The second stage - only 30-50% of gametes suitable for gametes remain, the rest are inactive and / or have any anomalies in the structure.
The third stage - less than 30% of "viable" sperm remains in the total volume of the liquid component of the sperm.

Forms

The diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia does not mean that the man's sperm is completely infertile. This disease has several forms that are amenable to good therapeutic effect with timely medical attention.

Experts note the following forms(groups) asthenoteratozoospermia:

Group A - sperm activity is normal, the average speed is 30 cm/hour. The movement is directed strictly forward.

Important! Regular steroid use hormonal drugs can provoke the development of asthenoteratozoospermia.

Group B - the movement is also directed forward, however, the speed is significantly reduced in relation to the optimal one.

Group C - the speed of gametes remains at the optimal level, but the trajectory of their movement is disturbed. They move sideways, backwards or in circular coordinates, due to this mechanism, the germ cells of a man are not able to reach the female egg.

Group D - inactive gametes, randomly moving in any direction, sometimes completely immobile.

In addition, this disease is divided into two types:

- violations in the structure of spermatozoa (abnormally long tail, absence of flagella, change in the formation of heads, etc.).
- the mobility of male germ cells is significantly reduced.

If men are diagnosed with both of the above types of the disease, the diagnosis is asthenoteratozoospermia.

Doctors note that in most cases, men are diagnosed with two forms of this disease at once, since the abnormal structure of spermatozoa directly affects their mobility.

Causes of asthenoteratozoospermia

Scientists and specialists in the field of medicine today do not know the reliable causes of this disease. However, there are a number of factors that can significantly affect the structure and motility of sperm.

It is these factors that are one of the main reasons for the development of anomalies in the seminal fluid:

Mechanical damage male organs reproductive system.
Dysfunctions on hormonal level can cause infertility not only in women but also in men. Insufficient synthesis and testosterone can become main reason seminal plasma anomalies.
Wearing inappropriate underwear is one of the main causes of asthenoteratozoospermia. Tight synthetic underwear contributes to improper thermoregulation. Experts say that the testicles of men should not be constantly squeezed or steamed.
Some viral diseases have a negative impact on the male reproductive system. For example, parotitis affects not only the salivary and pancreas, but also the prostate gland, which negatively affects the formation of normal viable spermatozoa.
Regular visits to saunas increase the risk of infertility, as men's testicles constantly experience overheating in the steam room.
bad ecological situation, regular visits to places contaminated with radiation, frequent x-ray and ultraviolet negatively affect the normal structure formation of sperm.
Bad habits in the form of smoking, alcoholism and taking drugs significantly increase the risk of developing seminal fluid anomalies.
Obesity and management sedentary image life.
Taking medications without first consulting a doctor.
Dysfunction endocrine system, autoimmune disorders.

Did you know?Earwigs are insects that, when mating, can lose their penis into the female's vagina. But this is not a problem for them, since short terms earwigs grow a new sex organ.

It is important to understand that asthenoteratozoospermia can be congenital disease which is practically incurable.

There is evidence that similar pathology the male reproductive system may be observed due to genetic mutations during conception and the structure of the body of the fetus.

Preparing for a spermogram

Above, we have already figured out what kind of diagnosis it is - asthenoteratozoospermia, we talked about its stages and forms.

But in order for the doctor to be able to prescribe an effective and gentle treatment, it is necessary to make an appropriate diagnosis -.

Preparation for this diagnosis includes the following steps:

Abstinence from sexual activity for at least 3-4 days.
It is recommended to refrain from drinking strong alcoholic beverages for 3-5 days before the start of the diagnosis.
4-5 days before the test, it is forbidden to visit saunas, baths and other procedures that expose the male genital organs to elevated temperatures.
Increased physical activity is not recommended two days before the start of the diagnostic event.
Doctors also recommend quitting smoking (or significantly reducing the frequency of using nicotine products) 5-7 days before the start of testing for.

Deciphering the results of the analysis

After passing the seminal fluid, the characteristics are determined cellular elements sperm.

These characteristics are:

percentage and types of immature sperm;
the total number of male gametes;
structural and shaped characteristics of male germ cells;
sperm motility;
analysis of leukocyte parameters;
acidity, viscosity and ejaculate liquefaction time;
color and total volume of seminal fluid.

Sometimes the above characteristics for ruling accurate diagnosis not enough.

In such cases, laboratory doctors are forced to do a biochemical analysis of the liquid component of the semen.

Such an analysis involves the identification of individual elements and substances in the semen (zinc, fructose, carnitine).

Treatment

In most cases, asthenoteratozoospermia is treated at home. After a detailed diagnosis, the doctor always advises the patient to give up bad habits and correctly adjust his diet and habits.
Moreover, drug therapy is not always prescribed, but only in the most advanced cases.

It is important to understand that the doctor does not force the patient to quit smoking and drinking hard liquor because of his own whim, and in this particular case, his instructions must be followed exactly, otherwise recovery may not occur.

Another important point the fact remains that the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia will be long (since spermatozoa are formed for about 71-75 days, then the treatment should continue for at least the specified period of time).

Important!In case of problems with the reproductive system in men, it is forbidden to engage in equestrian and cycling sports.

Sometimes, to improve mobility and normalize the morphological parameters of spermatozoa, doctors prescribe vitamin therapy.
In this case, the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia will occur with the help of preparations based on vitamin E, selenium, zinc, beta-carotene.

The duration and course of treatment should be prescribed by the specialist who examined the patient.

Alternative treatment

People have been treated with traditional medicine methods for a long time, although in modern world many individuals tend to strongly criticize this approach to therapy.

And this is not even counting the fact that many doctors recommend their patients to use traditional medicine recipes.

In case of treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia folk therapy will come in handy, because effective chemical compounds, which could purposefully affect the characteristics of the seminal fluid, have not yet been invented.

Let's figure out how to treat asthenoteratozoospermia with folk remedies:

Ginseng tincture or ginseng extract. You can make your own or buy it from a pharmacy. Take 20-25 drops half an hour before meals for a month.

Plantain tincture in a water bath. For 250 ml boiled water 2 tbsp added. l. crushed raw materials and infused for 30-40 minutes. It is consumed 15-20 minutes before meals. It is recommended to drink a third of a glass 3-4 times a day.

Lemongrass leaf tincture in combination with rose oil. The duration and course of treatment should be prescribed by a doctor.

Buy at the pharmacy Eleutherococcus tincture and take it for a month. 15-20 drops of tincture must be diluted in a glass of water and consumed every morning on an empty stomach.

Although ethnoscience and is safe therapeutic method, it can still harm the human body. After all, tinctures and decoctions of herbs can also have their own contraindications and side effects.

Homeopathy

Despite the fact that many people are skeptical about homeopathic treatments, they show excellent efficacy and high safety.

With the right treatment homeopathic preparations can be increased sexual attraction in a man and normalize the functions of creating spermatozoa.

With the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia, attending physicians can prescribe the following homeopathic medicines:

"Selenium". Main active substance The drug is selenium, which has a positive effect on the correct structure formation of new spermatozoa.
Testis compositum. This tool available on the shelves of pharmacies in the form of injections that can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. "Testis compositum" has a positive effect on all the mechanisms and functions of the male genital organs.
"Zincum met". A preparation for improving the quality of sperm, the main active ingredient of which is zinc.

Did you know?On average, a man performs about 7,000 ejaculations in his entire life.

To improve and consolidate the effect in the treatment of homeopathic preparations, it is necessary to use vitamin therapy. Vitamin B9 and vitamin E will benefit any man, unless, of course, he has contraindications to taking these funds.

Possibilities of conception with asthenoteratozoospermia

Many women often ask questions about whether it is possible to get pregnant naturally if a man has been diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia.

No specialist can provide an exact answer to this question, since each man's body is purely individual, and the processes of sperm formation can be disturbed or stabilized depending on the mass of ambiguous reasons.

But there is a drug that can significantly increase the chances of success in conceiving a new life.

A drug that helps to increase the level of sperm motility. But it is important to note that the drug should not be used by a man, but by his wife. It is introduced into the vagina directly 15-20 minutes before the onset of sexual intercourse.
"Aktifert" is sold in the form of a gel, developed on the basis of natural ingredients that promote the movement of sperm to the egg.

IVF and asthenoteratozoospermia

Let's see if it is possible to get pregnant through if a man suffers from asthenoteratozoospermia. As experts say, in the vast majority of cases this is possible!

The IVF procedure itself is the usual fertilization of an egg by spermatozoa, only the germ cells are in a special test tube.

Important!During physiotherapy procedures, it is necessary to cover the groin area so as not to harm the male genital organs.

Doctors note that such a procedure should not be feared, since it is painless, effective and gives high chances of conceiving a new life, only artificially.
In the course of in vitro fertilization (IVF), an egg is taken from the woman's body, and only the most mobile and morphologically optimal sperm are selected from the man's seminal fluid.

After this happens artificial conception and the egg is returned to the woman's body.

It is important to note that in this case, a child is born to a married couple without any defects in mental and physical terms.

Prevention

Pathology is always easier to prevent than to cure, which is why you should beware of those factors in Everyday life, which may increase the risk of developing asthenoteratozoospermia.

The following important points should be noted as prevention and precautions:

conducting active image life, right and rational (food should be natural and rich in vitamins and macro/microelements);
quitting smoking, drinking alcohol alcoholic beverages and drugs;
refusal to wear tight and uncomfortable underwear, which is made of synthetic fabric;
minimization of stressful situations;
body weight control (going to the gym will be beneficial, but obesity can be bad for reproductive system men);
reducing the frequency of visits to saunas and baths;
regularly for the presence of infectious diseases in the body.

In this article, we have examined in detail the causes and methods of treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia. Now you know what it is and whether it is possible to conceive a child with IVF with this disease. But the most important thing is to follow preventive measures, and then the problem may never overtake you.