Which noun has only the singular form. Nouns that have only the singular form
GOALS:
- know: about nouns that have only the singular form;
- be able to: use the indicated nouns in combination with adjectives and past tense verbs.
During the classes
1. SELF-DICTATION.
2. So.ntse air and moisture (by)increase ur.zhaynost.
a) Submit an offer.
b) Fill in the missing letters.
c) Open brackets.
d) Explain spelling.
3. EXPLANATION OF THE NEW MATERIAL.
a) Write down the nouns in a column: sun, air, moisture, productivity.
b) Determine the gender and number: singular.
c) Is it possible to form a plural form from these nouns?
With what endings can this be done? (-S, -I; -A, -Z).
d) What conclusion can be drawn? ( There are nouns that only have the singular form..)
e) Describe the offer:
1) (What?) “sun, air, moisture” are subjects expressed by nouns.
2) About them (what is said?), that they "raise". It is a predicate expressed by a verb.
3) “Increase” (what?) Productivity. This is an addition expressed by a noun.
4) “Sun”, “air”, “moisture” are homogeneous subjects, since they answer the same question and refer to the same word. The first and second subjects are connected by the intonation of the enumeration, they are separated by a comma, the second and third are connected by the union “and”, which is single, in this case the comma is not put.
5) The proposal for intonation is narrative, for the purpose of the statement - non-exclamatory.
6) Common.
4. THE WORD OF THE TEACHER.
The topic of today's our lesson, we read together on the board: "Nouns that have only the singular form." We will learn to distinguish between nouns that are used only in the singular from those that have two numbers. The weather is good. Can you say so? The word "weather" does not have a plural form. There may be “long rains”, “severe thunderstorms” pass, “severe blizzards and snowstorms” rage, but “weather” - excellent, good, variable, bad, disgusting - will still remain “weather”, a singular noun.
5. WORK WITH THE BOOK.
P.206, we read the rule.
A poster made on the blackboard on one's own to this lesson.
1. Real: milk, sour cream, gasoline, kerosene, kefir.
2. Distracted: love, friendship, redness, kindness, severity.
3. FROM selective: teaching, boyars, kulaks, foliage .
4. Own: Caucasus, Urals, Krokodil magazine, Elektrostal.
6. FIXING.
I am reading the text, and you write down the nouns in two columns: singular and plural.
You want to bake something for dinner. Not every hostess will have at hand yeast. Bake cookie. Do it like this. Whisk two eggs with a glass Sahara. Add half a glass sour cream slightly diluted kefir. Add soda and pour flour. knead dough and roll it out. Cut out the shapes and bake them. Finished cookie sprinkle with grated chocolate. Must be submitted to tea, cream. Enjoy your meal!
Write the words in the first column: cookies, sugar, sour cream, kefir, soda, flour, dough, chocolate, tea.
In the second column - yeast, cream.
What other words can be added to these columns?
7. ON THE BOARD words. Write them out in 3 columns:
|
Ts.fra, zamoro.ki, sh.pot, darkness, v.rota, weekdays, s.rib, sh.rokh, darkness, r.stenie, ts.rk, t.mnota, holiday nickname, (by) darkness , anger.
What words are more common in Russian? ( Those that have two numbers).
- What grammatical features do not have nouns that have only the plural form? ( Genus, declension).
– What are synonyms? Find them in our words.
8. WORKING TOGETHER.
Match the nouns with antonyms. They must be used only in singular form.
- What are antonyms? On the desk:
9. HOMEWORK(orally pick up antonyms for nouns).
Thaw - frost; holiday - weekdays; dawn - darkness.
Come up with a sentence with one of the words.
10. INSERT nouns that are used only in the singular form.
There is no bad weather) . Each ... (weather) ... (grace). Shura ... (hay) ted, ... (rake) in ... (hay) forgot.
Sleeping under the snows .... Let ... (blizzard) spin in the fields. ... (February) gray-haired wanders along the road. Let it get cold again, but ... (spring) will still come.
11. SUMMARY OF THE LESSON.
What new did you learn in the lesson?
12. SCORING.
Purpose: 1. To know the categories of nouns that have only the plural or only the singular. 2. Be able to distinguish nouns that have one numerical form from other nouns. 3. Be able to select antonyms for nouns.
Discharges of nouns that have only the plural form 1. Names of paired objects: sleigh, droshky, scissors, pincers, gates, glasses, trousers, etc. 2. Names of games: burners, hide and seek, blind man's bluff, chess, checkers, etc. 3. Designations of individual time intervals: day, weekdays, twilight, holidays, etc. 4. Material-collective nouns: pasta, cream, yeast, ink, perfume, etc. 5. Proper names: Alps, Carpathians, Kholmogory, Gorki.
Discharges of nouns that have the form of only the singular 1. Real nouns: butter, milk, sugar, water, oil, steel, copper, etc. 2. Collective nouns: spruce forest, youth, students, etc. 3. Abstract (abstract): whiteness, cleanliness, laziness, kindness, thinness, enthusiasm, running around, mowing, walking, warmth, dampness, thaw, etc. 5. Proper names (full name): Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
A plural form of some of these nouns is possible, but only to refer to certain grades, grades Stainless steel (singular) - alloy steels (pl.); olive oil (sing.) - technical oils (pl.); impenetrable mud (sing.) - therapeutic mud (pl.); spinal cord (sing.) – prepare brains (pl.)
Choose antonyms for nouns that are used only in the singular. (10 b.) Strength - weakness; true False; wealth - poverty; tears - laughter; fun - sadness; old age - youth; anger is kindness; white - black; running around - walking; light is darkness.
Nouns are the main component of our speech. Of the many possible words, we always choose the most suitable for us in style and color. The way a person builds his speech can say a lot about his personality and mindset to the interlocutor. Therefore, it is very important to be able to correctly and clearly express your thoughts. To do this, you need to know the basics of the grammar of the Russian language and be able to apply them in real life while communicating with people. In this article, we will analyze such a category as the number of nouns.
A noun in Russian can be used in one of two possible forms - in the singular or in the plural. Number is one of the main features of the part of speech called the noun. But there are Russian nouns that can be used in speech only in the singular or only in the plural. Let's deal with everything in order.
Singular nouns
With nouns in the singular, in general, everything is clear and understandable even without grammatical rules: they denote one thing or person, that is, any (for example, a pen, a book, a house, a cat). Such nouns in the singular have their own gender (feminine, masculine or neuter; sometimes common), and also, regardless of the number, decline in cases.
Plural nouns
The same nouns can also be used in the plural (pens, books, houses, cats). These are nouns denoting several things. Very often in Russian there are nouns that have only the plural form. You can read about them below.
Plural nouns that are often misspelled
It would be possible to write more than one full-fledged article about the most common mistakes in everyday speech in Russian, but here we will focus our attention only on the incorrect use of nouns. In nouns, the plural and the correct formation of forms are very often questioned.
Be sure to pay attention to the spelling of the following words in the genitive case: boots - boots, felt boots - boots, boots - boots, soldiers - soldiers, places - places, apples - apples.
And mistakes in using these words in the genitive case can be very often heard in grocery stores: tangerines - tangerines, nectarines - nectarines, tomatoes - tomatoes, oranges - oranges. Nouns that have only the plural form differ somewhat from the data in terms of case declension.
Formation of plural forms: features
Sometimes in the formation of the plural form for a certain category of nouns, some difficulties arise. There are no rules as such in Russian that determine which ending is required for the plural of nouns that we need to apply at a particular moment. Therefore, it can be quite difficult to use the word correctly. Let's take a look at the special cases of plural nouns. It is better to just memorize them so as not to make mistakes and not to doubt the correct use of words.
First of all, these are masculine nouns (s in the singular), with the endings -ы, -и, most often denoting professions. For example, a trainer - trainers (not a trainer!), an agreement - contracts, an accountant - accountants, a lecturer - lecturers, a cream - creams and so on.
The next group is the same nouns as in the previous one, but with the endings -а, -я: professor - professors, doctor - doctors, director - directors, anchor - anchors and so on.
Nouns always used in the singular
There are many nouns in Russian that do not change in number and are always used exclusively in the singular form. Consider the groups into which such nouns can be conditionally divided:
Denoting different feelings, features of the state and human qualities (tenderness, anger, anger, hatred, lust, dependence, security, weakness, kindness);
Denoting signs of an object (grayness, blueness, redness, thinness, fullness, density);
Real (oil, gold, steel, tin, silver, nickel, sugar, sour cream, butter, pearls);
Denoting several of some identical items in the aggregate (dishes, foliage, children, animals);
Denoting objects that exist in all of nature in a single copy (Sun, Earth, sky, Moon); geographical names (Argentina, Stockholm, Moscow, Irtysh, Novosibirsk, Crimea, Ob) also belong to this group.
Nouns that have only plural form
The following nouns exist in the Russian language only in the plural:
Denoting various kinds of substances (rouge, perfume, ink, yeast);
Denoting objects in a pair (jeans, rakes, rollers, trousers, leggings, pants, leggings, glasses, sleds, sleds);
Denoting games or some processes (checkers, tags, hide-and-seek, blind man's blind, catch-up, elections);
Denoting natural phenomena or time periods (day, holidays, twilight, weekdays);
Being geographical or astronomical names (Sochi, Alps, Kuriles, Libra).
So, let's summarize: in Russian there are two forms of nouns - singular and plural. Most words have both forms, but there are also nouns that have only the plural form, and, of course, those that are used only in the singular.
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Slides captions:
Nouns that have only the singular form
Dear Guys! Today we will continue our acquaintance with the grammatical category of number. You will see that some nouns cannot be pluralized. Be sure to remember the lexical groups of words that have only the singular form, and use them correctly in speech.
As you know, most nouns have both singular and plural forms, i.e. change by numbers: mother, notebook, fox, lamp, etc. Look at the pictures, pay attention to how the ending can change the number of a noun.
Cake Cakes
Among nouns, there are those that have only the singular form. Look at the pictures and compare the captions under the pictures. Please note that sometimes a singular noun is used to refer to many identical items: strawberries, milk, etc.
strawberry strawberry The noun strawberry does not have a plural form
Remember! The nouns that have only the singular form include words with the meaning: substances (cotton, milk); qualities, actions (whiteness, fear); groups of people (youth, students).
This is interesting In modern Russian, the words shore, eyes, hands, feet, eyebrows are plural. In the Old Russian language there was a so-called dual number, which denoted paired objects: two eyes, two hands, two banks. If we determine the number of these words in terms of history, we must say that these words have the form of a dual number.
Training apparatus. Select the nouns that have only the singular form. But two more days passed, and Petka entered into a complete agreement with nature. The schoolboy Mitya's face was swarthy yellow, like a second-class carriage, his hair stood up straight on top and was completely white... and joy that it goes its own way. (According to L. Andreev.)
Check yourself. Nouns that have only the singular form Divide the words into two groups: only singular. h., all the rest Blackberry, nose, flight, rake, silver, corn, youth, wool, shirt, bedspread, star.
Speak right! Remember which syllable is stressed in these words: beetroot silo cotton
Simulator Write 10 nouns that can only take the singular form and make 2 - 3 sentences with them.
Simulator Make up common sentences in which the subjects are the words blueberry, foliage, silver, flight, rebellion, and the predicates are verbs in the past tense.
Important Conclusion There are nouns that can only be plural or only singular. For example, the words scissors, burners, gates are only plural. And the words willow, nettle, sorrel, raspberry, youth, etc. have only the singular form.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Technological map of the lesson "The riddle of the plural" (Nouns that have only the plural form).
Technological map of the lesson "The riddle of the plural" (Nouns that have the form of only the plural)....
The lesson of the Russian language in the 6th grade of a special (correctional) school of the VIII type on the topic "Nouns that have the form of only the singular or only the plural" is one of the lessons ...
