Presentation on the topic of speech styles. Fiction style

Stylistics is a section of linguistics that studies the principles of the appropriate use of the means available in the language. The totality of linguistic means

Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that studies
prudent use principles
means available in the language
Set of language means, choice
which is determined by the content,
purposefulness and context of speech,
constitutes what is usually called style
language

Choice of speech style

depends on
SPEECH SITUATION,
those. from that
- Who are we talking to?
- where we say
why are we talking

Classification of style varieties of speech

Written speech
Oral speech
scientific style
Conversational style
business style
Journalistic style
Art style

Scientific style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Statement
scientific
information;
scientific
works,
speeches,
reports,
lectures;
articles and
books on
scientific topics;
textbooks
Speech tasks
Characteristic
statements
Message
Accuracy,
information,
logic,
having a scientific
evidence;
meaning;
absence
explanation
emotionality
causes of phenomena
And
clarification
(impassion,
achievements of science
dry speech)
and technology
message about them
Language tools
Book and
special vocabulary,
scientific terms;
category words
states, verbs
forms
plural
numbers, adverbs and
sacraments; straight
word order,
complicated simple
offers; introductory
words indicating
by an order of magnitude
thought process

scientific style

Purpose: systematic and
accurate presentation of scientific
questions
The use of complex
proposals
Having words with abstract
value, scientific and technical
terminology
Absence emotionally
colored words
Logic of presentation

Main genres

Article
Monograph
Thesis
Encyclopedia
Dictionary
Directory
Educational literature

Determine which of the texts is written in a scientific style? Explain your choice.

Birch is a genus of trees and
shrubs of the family
birch. About 120
species, in temperate and
cold zones
northern hemisphere and
subtropical mountains.
Forest-forming and
decorative breed.
The largest economic
birch matter
warty and birch
fluffy.
White birch
under my window
covered with snow,
Exactly silver.
On fluffy branches
snow border
Brushes blossomed
White fringe…
S. Yesenin

Official business style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Tasks
speeches
Characteristic
statements
Accurate transmission
business
information;
business papers
(ads,
statements,
reports, references,
receipts,
instructions,
contracts,
laws, guidelines,
orders,
prescriptions...
Message
information,
having
business
informational
meaning
severity;
accuracy;
officiality;
lack of emotion
Language tools
Use of stamps
special business
vocabulary; direct order
words; dominance
nouns, incl.
verbal, verbs in
imperative
inclination,
derived prepositions,
PP and SP with
separate members,
NGN with clauses
conditions,
connecting

business style

Used in the field
legal relations
Accuracy
Standardization
text construction
Prescriptive character
business documents
Wide application
standard revolutions
A large number of
derived prepositions and
unions (according to
connections, because
according to…)

Main genres:

Legislative
acts
Official
correspondence
Documentation
(application, application,
power of attorney,
explanatory,
report)
Characteristic
Autobiography, CV

Review the application form. What are the rules for writing and arranging parts?

Director
School of Humanities №5
Semyonov Yu. R.
10 "a" class student
Petrova S. K.
statement.
Please transfer me to class 10 "b" (mathematics specialization), as I intend to take
USE in mathematics for further
admission to the institute.
Petrov
September 5, 2015

Journalistic style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Tasks
speeches
impact,
agitation and
propaganda;
speeches,
reports, lectures,
debates, articles
on social and political
topics (newspapers,
magazines, radio,
TV,
professional portals,
network sites
Internet, etc.)
Broadcast
information about
topical
issues
modern life
with the aim of
impact on
of people,
formation
public
opinions
Characteristics
and statements
Invocation;
passion;
expression
his
relation to
the subject of speech;
conciseness
at
informational
saturation
Language tools
Use of various
lexical layers, incl.
vocabulary of socio-political and
expressively colored,
phraseological units, proverbs
and sayings;
figurative expressive means
language (epithets, metaphors,
comparisons, inversions…);
simple (complete and
incomplete) short
offers;
rhetorical questions,
appeals

Journalistic style

Purpose: informing,
transfer of public
information
Impact on the reader/listener
Sphere of use: socio-economic, political, cultural relations
Logic and imagery
Emotionality, appeal, appraisal
Publicity: speech calculated
to a wide audience
Accuracy of facts, specificity
Rhetorical questions, appeals

Main genres:

Newspaper article,
magazine
Feature article
Reportage
Interview
Feuilleton
oratorical speech
court speech
Performance by
radio, television
Report

Define the genre.

Discovered at the bottom of the Baltic
sunken ship "Frau Maria".
Finnish scuba divers at the bottom of the Baltic discovered
sunk in 1771, the Dutch ship "Frau Maria".
According to available archival data, the ship was transporting
works of art, faience, gold jewelry, which
Empress Catherine the Great bought in Amsterdam.

Fiction style

Function, scope
applications
artistic
impact
(Creation
image);
artistic
works
(stories,
story,
novels, plays and
etc.)
Speech tasks
Impact on
reader
(listener)
through
verbal
artistic
Images
life;
broadcast
relation to
surrounding
the world
Characteristic
statements
Imagery;
expressiveness;
estimated
character of speech
Language tools
Combination of features
various styles;
wide use
visual means
language;
attraction
lexical and
syntactic means
other styles of speech
amplification
expressiveness

Art style

Main function: aesthetic
Imagery
Use of artistic
means of language (tropes): epithets,
comparisons, metaphors,
hyperbole, personification, etc.
Emotionally colored
vocabulary

Read the poem. Determine the style of speech. Name the figurative and expressive means.

Not the wind blowing from above
Sheets touched on a moonlit night;
You touched my soul, it is anxious, like sheets,
She, like a harp, is multi-stringed.
The whirlwind of life tormented her
And crushing raid
Whistling and howling, tore the strings
And covered with cold snow ...
A. Tolstoy

Conversational style

Used in
Everyday life
Ease
communication
Unpreparedness
speeches
expressiveness and
appraisal
Presented as in
oral as well as
written notes, private
letters

1. Conversational style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Communication in
informal
environment (in
family circle,
friends);
dialogues;
friendly
messages,
letters, conversations;
social
networks, blogs
Internet
Speech tasks
Exchange
impressions, thoughts
relatives or
Fine
acquaintances
people
Characteristic
statements
relaxed (without
preliminary
deliberation and
selection of language
means) speech,
emotionality,
immediacy
statements
Language tools
emotional
expressive
colloquial vocabulary,
words with suffixes
subjective
estimates,
vernacular,
introductory
designs,
incomplete
offers,
interjection,
appeals,
modal
particles, repeats,
inversions...

Read the text. What is its feature? Name the turns characteristic of this style.

-
Hello!
Hello! Who do I see! Long time no see!
How have you changed! Oh, smart one!
Where have you been? And he called me a friend!
Life has twisted ... I work until late at night.
Okay, are you rubbing your glasses?
Meet and chat...
And I live at the old address, come in ... Always welcome
we will!
- On Sunday I'll drop by the light. Bye!
- See you!

Characteristic
type of speech
Narration is
story, message
any event in
his temporary
sequences.
Peculiarity
the stories in
what does it say about
following each other
other actions.
Scope of use
Narration
as a type of speech
common in
such genres
artistic and
journalistic
literature, like
memories,
letters.
Examples
Narrative example:
I began to stroke Yashkina
paw and think: just like
baby. And tickled
his palm. And the baby will pull its paw - and me
on the cheek. I don't even blink
managed, and he gave me
slap and jump under the table.

Typical composition
narrative
texts include:
The narrative is 1) the plot (the beginning
world in motion (single events);
the frame replaces another) 2) the development of the action;
3) climax;
4) denouement (total
events)
Varieties
narratives:
1) pictorial;
2) informative

DESCRIPTION

Characteristic
type of speech
Description is
image of any
phenomena
reality,
object, person by
transfers and
disclosure of its main
signs.
The purpose of the description is
for the reader to see
subject of description
presented it in his
consciousness.
Scope of use
Examples
Description can
be used in
any style of speech, but
scientific
characteristic
subject should be
extremely complete, and
artistic accent
done only on
the brightest details
1. Scientific description:
The apple tree will wound a purple frost-resistant variety. Fruit
round shape, diameter
2.5-3 cm. Fruit weight 17-23 g.
Juiciness is average, with
characteristic sweet, slightly
astringent taste.
2. Artistic Description:
Linden apples were
large. If you look
through an apple in the sun, then it
shone through like a glass
fresh linden honey.

Typical
composition of text descriptions includes:
Description 1) general
this is the world in
performance
at rest
about the subject;
(one
2) individual signs
photo)
subject;
3) author's assessment,
conclusion, conclusion
Varieties
descriptions:
1) description
subject,
person (his
characteristic)
What is he?
2) description
Where is what? (Left,
places (interior, near, not far, stands,
scenery)
located)
3) Description
states
environmental
environments
4) Description
face conditions
(human)
What is it like here? (Evening,
cold, silence, sky,
air, etc.)
What is it like for him? What are his
feelings, sensations?
(Bad, happy, sad,
not at ease, etc.)

Characteristic
type of speech
In reasoning, a causal relationship of events and phenomena is established.
Reasoning requires a logically coherent system of evidence, because. its purpose is to convince the addressee of something. The sequence of arguments can be
expressed by the words first, second, etc., can be indicated by indentation
articulation.
After the thesis formulated by the declarative sentence,
stand questions: why? For what? what does it mean? , the transition to part 2 can
begin with the following sentences: And that's why ..., It means ..., It can
prove (explain) so...
References to authoritative people, quotes are used as arguments
from their works, proverbs and sayings expressing folk wisdom,
facts, events, examples from personal life and the lives of others, etc.
When listing arguments, introductory words with different
meaning (of course, of course, perhaps, most importantly, so, therefore,
summing up, etc.)
In the second part of the argument, complex sentences are used
with unions because, since, because, therefore, due to the fact that, etc.

Typical composition
reasoning texts
includes:
1) thesis (thought,
requiring proof
or denials)
2) justification
(arguments, arguments,
evidence, examples);
3) output
Varieties
reasoning:
1) reasoning proof
Why so, and not otherwise?
What follows from this?
2) reasoning explanation
What it is? (Interpretation
concepts, explanation
phenomena)
3) reasoning
How to be? What to do?
(Reflections on various
life situations)

Determine the type of speech, argue your answer with examples from the text

Text No. 1
On the walls, near the picture, a cobweb was molded in the form of festoons, saturated
dust; mirrors, instead of reflecting objects, could serve
rather, tablets for writing on them, through the dust, some notes on
memory. Carpets were stained. There was a forgotten towel on the sofa; on the table
rare morning there was not a plate with a salt shaker and
gnawed bone.
If not for this plate, but not leaning against the bed just smoked
pipe, or not the owner himself, lying on it, then one might think that there
no one lives - everything was so dusty, faded and generally devoid of living
traces of human presence.
(I. A. Goncharov)
Text No. 2
Once Zabavin needed to send a telegram to Arkhangelsk, and he
went to the weather station, which, he was told, had a walkie-talkie. Station he
found without difficulty on a high radio mast, from which in all directions to the ground
cables were taut.
Climbing up to the porch, Zabavin knocked. Nobody answered him. Then he
opened the door and entered the house. In the room he entered, there were three or
four doors. One of them suddenly swung open, and a radio operator peeped out.
Seeing Zabavin, he made a suspicious face.

Practical task for determining the type of speech
Determine the type of speech, argue your answer with examples from
text
Text No. 3
Our contemporary pays little attention to their native language: it is like air,
like water, everywhere, always with us - and there is an illusion of its low value. For what
do not pay rubles, it seems cheap. Forget that the most important feature
community of people is still a language.
Alas, we do not know our native language - we only use it. We talk like
the birds sing, naturally and freely, as they please. Know the same language, language
to master means to grasp with consciousness not only the usefulness of the words of grammar, but
to penetrate into the original essence, into the beauty and into the high truth of speech, to understand
end, not only by sensation, but also by reason, will. Understand what language is
the beginning of all beginnings, that, starting to work and doing the work and summing up, we
we comprehend all this, in a word conveying what is open to ourselves to others.
(V. Kolesov)

Practical task for determining the type of speech
Determine the type of speech, argue your answer with examples
from text
Text No. 4
Once I somehow hesitated in the field. Game came across decently, and the day
came out so good for hunting - in the morning quiet, gray, as if all
imbued
In the evening. I wandered far, and it was already completely dark, but the moon rose, and the night,
as they say, she was in heaven long ago when I reached the familiar estate.
I crossed a familiar road, made my way through dusty nettles, and
leaned against the front garden.
A small garden lay motionless in front of me, all lit up and, as it were,
soothed by the silvery rays of the moon, all fragrant and moist;
broken in the old way, it consisted of one oblong clearing. Direct
the paths converged in its very middle into a round flower bed, densely overgrown
asters, tall lindens surrounded her with an even border.
(I. S. Turgenev)

Check yourself!

How many functional styles do you know?
List them.
What styles do you see most often?
which ones do you use in your speech?

What is style?

Style - this is the choice of language means associated with a certain sphere of social activity, the purpose of speech communication and the composition of its carriers.

SPEECH STYLES

BOOK

COLLOQUIAL

SCIENTIFIC

OFFICIAL-BUSINESS

JOURNALISTIC

ART

Formal business style

• The sphere of communication is the communication of citizens with institutions.
• Used in documents, reports, statements, powers of attorney, business letters, orders and laws.
• The speech situation is 1/many.
• Serves for the transmission of information in the field of management.

The formal business style is characterized by:

• definition;
• unemotional presentation;
• standardized phrases;
• words-terms;
• stylistically neutral vocabulary;
• vocabulary reflecting official business relations: plenum, session, decision;
• stationery: hear a report, read out a decision, an incoming number;

scientific style

• The sphere of communication is scientific activity (writing special textbooks, scientific articles, abstracts, term papers).
• Speech situation 1/many.
• The purpose is to give an accurate and clear idea of ​​scientific concepts.

The scientific style is characterized by:

• clarity and consistency of presentation;
• evidence;
• lack of expression of emotions;
• terminological vocabulary:

Technical terms: centrifuge;

Medical terms: x-ray;

- linguistic terms: suffix;

- economic terms: barter;

• the main form of speech is written.

Journalistic style

• The sphere of communication is agitation and mass activities, information or analytical programs on television and radio, speeches at meetings, articles in newspapers.
• The speech situation is 1/many.
• It is used for a certain impact on the thoughts or feelings of people, in order to interest them or convince them of something.

Publicistic style is characterized by:

• information content;
• evidence;
• book vocabulary: position, essence, phenomenon;
• evaluative vocabulary;
• abstract words with socio-political meaning: humanity, progress, nationality, publicity, peace-loving;
• expressiveness and emotionality;
• emotional-expressive assessment;
• The main form of speech is written and oral.

Art style

• The sphere of communication is works of art: a novel, a short story, a poem, a short story, a poem, a story, an essay, a ballad.
• Speech situation 1/many.
• The main function is aesthetic.

The artistic style is characterized by:

• imagery;
• book vocabulary: lofty words that give solemnity to speech;
• evaluative vocabulary;
• emotionally expressive assessment: prettiness, quixotism– a positive assessment;

pedantic, mannerisms, disguise, corrupt– negative evaluation;

• author's individuality;
• the main form of speech is written.

Conversational style

• The sphere of communication is the communication of people in everyday life, conversations in the family, showdown, discussion of plans, friendly communication.
• Speech situation 1/1.
• It is used in informal everyday, everyday communication between people in an unprepared oral speech.

Conversational style is characterized by:

• incompleteness of expression and emotionality;
• colloquial everyday words and forms: brother, sister, waved, jumped;
• evaluative vocabulary;
• stylistic coloring is pronounced: daughter, excellent, beautiful, wonderful, excellent, nasty, nasty, impudent;
• lowered words that are outside the literary vocabulary;
• the main form of speech is oral.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

1 slide

Description of the slide:

Speech styles Completed by: Eremeeva I.A., teacher of the Russian language and literature, MOU "Secondary School No. 5 UIM"

2 slide

Description of the slide:

The word style comes from lat. stylus - pointed stick. In ancient times, it meant a stick, pointed at one end and rounded at the other, a rod, made of wood, metal, bone. They wrote with a sharp end, and with the other - in the form of a spatula - they erased unsuccessfully written in order to write again. The word style has come to mean the quality of writing. This is the essence of stylistics - the ability to express one's thoughts in different ways, by various language means, which distinguishes one style from another.

3 slide

Description of the slide:

Speech styles colloquial book scientific journalistic official business artistic

4 slide

Description of the slide:

Conversational style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres language means style features direct everyday communication relaxed, informal atmosphere; friendly conversation, private letters; colloquial vocabulary, simple sentences; emotionality, figurativeness, concreteness, simplicity

5 slide

Description of the slide:

Define the style of the text. Justify your answer Is it possible for me, comrade military commissar, to quit the circus instead of the theater? And he squinted his eyes and asked: To the circus? Why is this? Yes, - I say, - it’s painfully entertaining ... They will take out the learned elephant, and again the redheads, French wrestling ... He waved his finger: I’ll show you the elephant! Ignorant element! Redheads! You yourself are a red-haired hillbilly! Elephants are scientists, but you, my grief, are unscientific! What is the use of the circus? A? Well, in a word, I have no time to talk with you for a long time ... M.A. Bulgakov. "Week of Enlightenment"

6 slide

Description of the slide:

Scientific style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres language means stylistic features communication of scientific information; official setting; scientific article, educational literature; terms, complex sentences, introductory words; consistency, objectivity, accuracy, abstraction, generality

7 slide

Description of the slide:

Define the style of the text. Justify your answer Lyrical digressions are a compositional and stylistic device in fiction and, mainly, in poetry, which consists in the fact that the author deviates from a direct plot narrative, interrupting it with lyrical inserts on topics that have little or no connection with the main theme. Compositionally, lyrical digressions have a dual meaning: on the one hand, they play the role of inhibiting the plot development of a novel or poem, and on the other hand, they allow the writer to openly express personal judgments on issues that are directly or indirectly related to the central theme. Kvyatkovsky A.P. School poetic dictionary.

8 slide

Description of the slide:

Official business style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres language means style features message, informing the official situation (legislation, case-work, administration) laws, orders, protocols, certificates, statements; standardized turns of speech, official business vocabulary; unambiguous accuracy

9 slide

Description of the slide:

Define the style of the text. Justify your answer Chapter 1. Fundamentals of the constitutional system Article 1. The Russian Federation - Russia is a democratic federal legal state with a republican form of government. 2. The names "Russian Federation" and "Russia" are equivalent. Article 2. A person, his rights and freedoms are the highest value in the Russian Federation. Recognition, observance and protection of the inalienable rights and freedoms of a citizen is the duty of the state. From the Constitution of the Russian Federation

10 slide

Description of the slide:

Journalistic style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres language means stylistic features impact through mass media; official setting: speeches in the media, at rallies and meetings; article, essay, reportage, oratory; socio-political vocabulary; exclamatory sentences, rhetorical questions; logicality, emotionality, figurativeness, appraisal, appeal

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Slides captions:

The presentation was made by a teacher-speech therapist (GBOU Kazan boarding school No. 7) Usmanova F.A.

SPEECH STYLES

Style is the choice of language means associated with a certain area of ​​social activity, the purpose of speech communication and the composition of its carriers. What is style?

STYLES OF SPEECH

Official business style The sphere of communication is the communication of citizens with institutions. Used in documents, reports, statements, powers of attorney, business letters, orders and laws. The speech situation is 1/many. Serves for the transmission of information in the field of management.

The official business style is characterized by: clarity; unemotional presentation; standardized phrases; words-terms; stylistically neutral vocabulary; vocabulary reflecting official business relations: plenum, session, decision; bureaucracy: listen to a report, read out a decision, an incoming number; the main form of speech is written.

Scientific style The sphere of communication is scientific activity (writing special textbooks, scientific articles, abstracts, term papers). Speech situation 1/many. The purpose is to give an accurate and clear idea of ​​scientific concepts.

The scientific style is characterized by: clarity and consistency of presentation; evidence; lack of expression of emotions; terminological vocabulary: - technical terms: centrifuge; - medical terms: x-ray; - linguistic terms: suffix; - economic terms: barter; the main form of speech is written.

Journalistic style The sphere of communication is agitation and mass activities, information or analytical programs on television and radio, speeches at meetings, articles in newspapers. The speech situation is 1/many. It is used for a certain impact on the thoughts or feelings of people, in order to interest them or convince them of something.

The journalistic style is characterized by: informativeness; evidence; book vocabulary: position, essence, phenomenon; evaluative vocabulary; abstract words with a socio-political meaning: humanity, progress, nationality, publicity, peace-loving; expressiveness and emotionality; emotional-expressive assessment; The main form of speech is written and oral.

Artistic style Sphere of communication - works of art: novel, short story, poem, short story, poem, story, essay, ballad. Speech situation 1/many. The main function is aesthetic.

The artistic style is characterized by: figurativeness; book vocabulary: lofty words that give solemnity to speech; evaluative vocabulary; emotionally expressive assessment: beautiful soul, quixoticism - a positive assessment; pedantic, mannerisms, disguise, corrupt - a negative assessment; author's individuality; the main form of speech is written.

Conversational style The sphere of communication is the communication of people in everyday life, conversations in the family, showdown, discussion of plans, friendly communication. Speech situation 1/1. It is used in informal everyday, everyday communication between people in an unprepared oral speech.

The colloquial style is characterized by: incompleteness of expression and emotionality; colloquial everyday words and forms: brother, sister, waved, jumped; evaluative vocabulary; the stylistic coloring is pronounced: daughter, excellent, beautiful, wonderful, excellent, nasty, nasty, impudent; lowered words that are outside the literary vocabulary; the main form of speech is oral.

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"Features of the journalistic style of speech" - The main features of the style. guilt complex. Chain of microthemes. Patriotism. national identity. Keywords. Journalistic style. Morality. Style features. Publicistic style of speech.

"Functional styles of speech" - Professionalisms. Speech system. Word terms. Journalistic style. means of artistic expression. Colloquial. vernacular. conversational style. Jargon. Scientific style. There are 5 functional styles. Varieties of language use. territorial dialects. Use of spoken language. Type of speech. Dialectology. "Common" spoken language. Business information. Formal business style.

"Artistic style" - Bessoyuzie. With the help of concepts, scientific thinking. Read Tolstoy. The use of a word or expression in the reverse sense of the literal, for the purpose of ridicule. Metonymy. Trails. The king of animals is the lion. Can I again clothe the nudity with the veil of a familiar life? Inversion. "It is very useful to sharpen and polish your mind against the minds of others." Paraphrase. And you? .. Repetition of special words and phrases at the beginning of the passages that make up the statement.

"Official business style" - The name of the enterprise. Forms of control. Presentation of the essence of different points of view. Autobiography. A document called "Summary". Subject. Areas of use. Business letter. Formal business style. Argument input structures. Abstract. Statement. Learn to use formal business language. characteristics of the original sources. The concept of speech. Relevance of the topic. Expression of attitude to different points of view.

"Publicistic and artistic styles of speech" - The Russian language is rich. Trails. Rusting gold. Main problems. Journalistic and artistic styles of speech. List of books. Fiction style. Poetry. Talk about a poem. Word. Gogol. Unusual excitement. Amazing memory. Words can kill. Russian language. Monogamy. Epithet. Figures of speech.

"Scientific speech" - Currently, more than 50 thousand scientific journals are published. Science does not recognize such a language. Tolerance - tolerance for other people's opinions, beliefs. Immigration is the entry of foreigners into any country for permanent residence. What substyles do you know? Write down the types of substyles and the main features. The most important property of the soil is .. fertility. Popular science substyle. Interpretation of some terms.