Aphakia of the eye: causes, symptoms and treatments. Exophthalmos is not a pathology, but a signal of problems in the body General information about the pathology

What to do if a dog's eye falls out? Faced with such a phenomenon for the first time, the owner of the animal panics. Meanwhile, proptosis in dogs is a fairly common phenomenon.

Various injuries and pathologies of the visual organs in dogs are common. A special category is an anomaly characterized by prolapse of the eyeball. There are several breeds, due to the certain structure of the skull, predisposed to this pathology. What are these breeds, why is proptosis characteristic of them, what to do in case of prolapse of the eyeball?

The main causes of eyeball prolapse

Proptosis (proptosis Greek "falling forward") - displacement of an organ or part of it forward, the so-called prolapse of the eyeball. The protrusion occurs due to strong physical exertion, any injury - a bruise, a blow. Especially dangerous are blows to the temporal region. These are the external causes of the manifestation of the disease.

The internal factors of proptosis include increased intracranial pressure and other extraocular processes, under the influence of which the eye is squeezed out from the inside. But the most common reason why a dog's eyes fall out is, nevertheless, a mechanical effect.

Dog breeds prone to proptosis

Any animal can get injured, which will result in loss of varying severity. However, brachycephalic dogs are most susceptible to this pathology. Animals with a short snout are called brachycephalic. In addition to snub-nosedness, the brachycephalic is distinguished by a flattened head shape and large bulging eyes - the so-called pop-eyedness. The structure of the eye sockets in the brachycephalic type is distinguished by an extremely shallow eye bed and shortened eye muscles. The organ of vision is supported in the orbit, to a large extent, by the eyelids. They also face a third eyelid problem.

Brachycephalic dogs are dogs with protruding eyes. Breeds of this type include: Pekingese, Japanese Chin, Shih Tzu, Pug, Chihuahua (mainly of the Kobe species), Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Boxer, English Bulldog, Dogue de Bordeaux and other types of short-faced Molossians.

Signs of loss

It is possible to determine that a dog’s eye has fallen out by such signs as unnatural bulge and depression of the animal against the background of accompanying processes:

redness and swelling of the conjunctiva;
bloody discharge;
increased tearing and whining;
frequent blinking and intolerance to light due to drying of the cornea.

First aid

If proptosis is found in a pet, you should not hesitate to go to the veterinary clinic. It is absolutely impossible to set the prolapse on your own! Before going to the clinic, it is necessary to carry out a number of sanitary and preventive measures in order to alleviate the condition of the pet and minimize, as far as possible, the consequences of loss of the organ of vision.

So, what urgent measures can the owner take on their own?

- First of all, gently rinse the injured organ with saline (sodium chloride), a natural tear fluid substitute (available in pharmacies) or boiled water. In no case should you use antiseptics (hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, etc.) and alcohol-containing solutions!

- Apply a cold compress for ten minutes, but not on the apple itself, but on the swollen areas around. This is done in this way: put pieces of ice from the refrigerator in a plastic bag, wrap a piece of cloth on top of the bag, apply it to the swelling, without touching the open cornea. Do not keep ice for longer than 10 minutes to avoid hypothermia of tissues!

- Rinse should be done with careful douching or a piece of cloth generously moistened in saline solution (gauze, bandage, cotton material). It is strictly forbidden to use cotton wool, cotton swabs and discs! The villi can get on the injured cornea, aggravating the already deplorable condition of the animal with unnecessary discomfort.

- Copiously lubricate the wound with a special ointment (ditracycline, oletethrin, hydrocortisone).

After all these manipulations, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of the animal touching the injury (put on a rigid collar-pipe) and go to the clinic. Of course, it is necessary to see a doctor as soon as possible after receiving an injury that caused proptosis.

Urgent care and treatment

With an untimely visit to the doctor, secondary phenomena develop in the injured organ, such as severe inflammation, suppuration, severe drying of the cornea. This is fraught with fatal consequences. The protruding eye rests only on the straight external muscle, while it is infringed by the eyelids. If the optic nerve ruptures, then, most likely, the visual functions of the damaged organ cannot be restored - the prognosis is disappointing, up to removal.

After the initial examination of the injured pet, the doctor, under anesthesia, sets the prolapsed eye, sutures the eye muscles and partially (or temporarily completely) the eyelids, and applies a bandage. To avoid rubbing the dog's muzzle, put on a high, hard collar. All the time of the postoperative period until the sutures are removed, sanitary and hygienic treatment and other procedures are performed:

washing with saline;
laying special eye ointments;
drug therapy (injections, tablets).

The stitches are removed after about a week (more precisely, the attending physician will say). It may be necessary to continue medical care for some time after the stitches are removed.

Forecasts

After the operation, the pet should be protected from physical exertion, from falls, from conflict situations with other animals, and from active games. It should be remembered that the injury can recur.

It is possible to speak about the best prognosis only with a minimum period of time from injury to contacting the clinic. It is impossible to guarantee a 100% return of vision after a lesion, but the risk of complications is real, up to a complete loss of the ability to see.

Complications after surgery are:

strabismus (corrected by filing the eyelids);
corneal sensitivity disorder and keratoconjunctivitis (insufficient hydration of the cornea);
atrophy of the eyeball (organ to be removed);
non-closure of the eyelids.

If your dog has prolapsed eyes or is at risk of developing proptosis, cosmetic surgery to close the eyelid incision can minimize the threat. Knowing about this feature of the breed of your pet, you should protect him as much as possible from possible traumatic situations.

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The type of eyes, the quality of vision are signs of the dreamer's state of mind, the intensity of his spiritual life as a dreamer, their health, illness. The organs of love of the dreamer himself, his sex, potency.

Have good eyesight, move your eyes quickly - good, happiness, health.

It's hard to see, it's hard to open your eyes. They slowly toss and turn - loss, poverty, harm from sexual exhaustion.

Being nearsighted is a nuisance.

Pain in the eyes to feel, sand in them or something interferes - unpleasant self-knowledge, an unclean conscience.

To have a thorn is a deception. Adult children will have to take a lot of care, they will not soon come out into the people.

Lose one eye - tangled affairs, useless work, misfortunes with children.

The eye flows out in a dream - pangs of conscience.

Going blind in a dream is a nuisance, betrayal, death of loved ones: children or sisters.

Rubbing your eyes is a tendency to masturbate.

Seeing in the mirror that you have big beautiful eyes is happiness (happiness in children).

That you have dull sore eyes - misfortunes (anxiety due to children).

To see yourself in a mirror with colorless or white eyes is to realize the soullessness of your behavior.

With bulging, bulging eyes - petrification of the soul, callousness.

Seeing yourself in a mirror with pits instead of eyes is fidelity to intuition, deep insight, clairvoyance.

With burning eyes - to feel dangerous, demonic forces in yourself.

To see your eyes falling out - a wedding, children will begin an independent life.

Taking out and examining your eyes is a feeling of the falsity of your perceptions, a misconception about the world. To see your children from a new perspective, your intimate life will become the subject of conversation.

To have a third eye in a dream is the birth of a child. Woman: pregnancy. The danger of destroying what you have created.

Light from the eyes to illuminate your way - to begin to perceive the world in a new way.

To see that a certain creature is chasing you and trying to eat your eyes is to experience inconvenience and trouble from other people's secrets. A warning against the dangerous development of spiritual forces, a dangerous spiritual immaturity.

Seeing the human eye on the table, in a bowl, glass, etc. - the shameful details of your life will be revealed, to experience fear of divine justice.

Seeing a bunch of human eyes are gems.

To see eyes with a thorn - enemies are closely watching you.

Seeing someone's evil look is a bad dream, portending a dangerous collapse of plans, a deception that most likely comes from relatives.

Seeing in the darkness only someone's eyes - hidden from you and the hard work of your conscience will give unexpected results, someone is watching you.

Dim ghost eyes in daylight without a body to see - an unpleasant, painful split personality to survive.

Seeing a brightly sparkling eye in the sky in clouds is a symbol of authority that should be obeyed.

To gouge out someone's eyes - to scare away and set people against oneself, one has to suffer cruelly from jealousy.

Interpretation of dreams from the Noble dream book

Eye diseases are very common nowadays. This is due to many factors: the rapid development of computer technology, environmental degradation and much more. There are over two thousand eye diseases. Consider the most common of them, as well as the main symptoms of these diseases.

Pathology of the optic nerves

- violation of blood flow in the intrabulbar or intraorbital region. Symptoms: decreased visual acuity and viewing angle, in certain areas there are "blind" zones.

Neuritis- a disease of an infectious nature, in which an inflammatory process occurs in the optic nerve. Symptoms: pain, loss of sensation in the area near the eye, weakening of the muscles that are located near the affected nerve.

nerve atrophy- a disease in which conduction is disturbed in nerve fibers. Symptoms: decreased visual acuity, up to complete blindness, impaired color perception, reduced viewing angle.

A condition in which the motor nerves of the eye cease to function normally, often leading to muscle paralysis and the inability to move the eyes. Symptoms: eyes shifted and fixed in one position.

Diplopia- with this disease, a person constantly sees double, which causes a lot of discomfort.

Diseases of the eye sockets, lacrimal ducts and eyelids

- an inflammatory process that occurs along the edges of the eyelids. Signs: redness, swelling and burning of the eyelids, a feeling of the presence of a mote in the eye, itching, discharge from the eyes, scabs on the eyelashes after sleep, painful perception of bright light, constant tearing, dryness and soreness in the eyes, the edges of the eyelids may peel off.

Cryptophthalmos- a rare disease in which the edges of the eyelids are fused together, which leads to a narrowing of the palpebral fissure, up to its complete absence.

Lagophthalmos- the eyelids do not close completely, as a result of which in some areas they remain constantly open, even during sleep.

Inversion of the century- the edges of the eyelids, on which the eyelashes are located, are turned in relation to the orbit. This leads to rubbing and constant irritation of the eyeballs, as well as the appearance of ulcers on the cornea.

coloboma- a pathological disorder in the structure of the eyelid. Often accompanied by other physiological defects - cleft palate, cleft lip and others.

- a disease in which a large amount of fluid accumulates under the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe eyelid. Symptoms: redness of the skin around the eyelids, pain and discomfort in the eyes, which increase during touch.

Blepharospasm- characterized by uncontrolled contraction of the facial muscles that hold the eyes. It looks like a person is suddenly starting to squint.

- a disease in which the upper eyelid is lowered down. There are several types of pathology. In some severe cases, the eyelid may droop so far that it completely covers the eye.

- an inflammatory disease of the eye, accompanied by purulent discharge. Occurs as a result of infection. Symptoms: the edges of the eyelids swell, redden and itch, when pressed, severe pain is felt, tears often flow, a feeling of discomfort (foreign body) in the eyes. With the acute development of the infection, signs of intoxication may be observed - malaise, weakness, high fever, headaches.

- pathological disorder of eyelash growth. The danger of the disease lies in the fact that it facilitates the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the eyes, and therefore inflammation of the conjunctiva, eyelids and eyeball often occurs.

Diseases of the tear-producing system

Dacryoadenitis- a disease that causes inflammation in the lacrimal glands. Appears as a result of chronic diseases, or infection in the body. In the presence of circulatory disorders, it can go into a chronic form. Signs: on the upper eyelid swelling, redness is formed, sometimes the eyeball may protrude. In the absence of timely treatment, the inflammation expands, causing malaise, high fever, and the formation of abscesses.

- an infectious inflammatory disease that develops in the lacrimal canal. There are several types - acute or chronic dacryocystitis, as well as acquired or congenital. Symptoms: pain, redness, swelling in the region of the lacrimal sac, constant lacrimation, discharge of pus from the lacrimal canals.

Tumors of the lacrimal glands- arise due to abnormalities in the development of the cells that make up the lacrimal glands. There are benign tumors, and there are malignant ones - for example, sarcoma. Symptoms: a growing neoplasm causes compression of the nerve nodes, which is accompanied by the appearance of pain in the eyes or in the head. Sometimes, due to the tumor, the eyeball is displaced, the movement of the eyes is difficult. Other signs of a tumor: swelling, increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision.

- a pathology characterized by protrusion of the eyeball. Occurs due to swelling of the tissues of the eye orbit. Symptoms of the disease, in addition to protrusion of the eyes, are: redness and swelling of the eyelids, soreness during touching.

Corneal diseases

- unequal pupil diameter. Usually appears after injury to the organs of vision. May cause increased photosensitivity, blurred vision. Sometimes anisocoria can indicate serious disorders in the cerebellum.

- a disease in which an inflammatory process is formed on the episcleral tissue. It begins with reddening of the tissue adjacent to the cornea, with further swelling. Symptoms: discomfort in the eye, pain in the eyes from bright light, discharge from the conjunctiva of a transparent color. Almost always, the disease goes away on its own.

- inflammation that occurs on the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye. It leads to clouding of the cornea, the appearance of infiltrates. The causes of keratitis can be trauma, viral or bacterial infections. If left untreated, inflammatory processes can spread not only along the cornea, but also to other parts of the eye. Signs: lacrimation, redness of the mucosa, increased sensitivity to bright light, the cornea ceases to be shiny and smooth.

Keratoconus- corneal dystrophy, which occurs due to the fact that intraocular pressure rises, which leads to a violation of the shape of the cornea. Signs: a sharp decrease in vision in the right or left eye, halos around the bulbs, myopia.

Aniridia- complete absence of the iris.

Polycoria- the presence of several pupils.

Diseases of the conjunctiva

- a disease in which tear fluid is produced less than normal. It can occur due to such reasons as: tumors, chronic inflammation, burns, injuries of the visual organs, old age, long courses of certain medications, etc. Signs: dryness in the eyes, redness of the eyeballs, burning, mucus secretion, intolerance to bright light, fog before the eyes.

Conjunctivitis- inflammation in the conjunctiva. There are several types of conjunctivitis - allergic, fungal, infectious, etc. Almost all types of conjunctivitis are contagious, easily transmitted not only through direct contact, but also through household items. In some cases, this disease can provoke severe complications. Signs: redness and swelling of the eyelids, itching, tearing, pus or mucus.

Neoplasms in the area of the conjunctiva- pterygium (occurs in the corner of the eye from the inside), pinguecula (at the junction of the cornea and conjunctiva).

Diseases of the lens

- a disease in which the lens of the eye begins to gradually become cloudy. Pathology develops rapidly, can be in one eye or both, damages either the entire lens or some part of it. Cataracts are characteristic of older people, it is this disease that often leads to a sharp decrease in visual acuity, sometimes to complete blindness. Some somatic diseases or injuries of the visual organs can cause the development of cataracts in young people. Symptoms: rapid loss of visual acuity (you often have to change glasses to more powerful ones), poor visibility of objects at dusk (“night blindness”), color perception disorders, eye fatigue, rarely double vision.

Afakia- a pathology characterized by the absence of the lens. The lens can be removed due to the fact that it is severely damaged by trauma, or in some eye diseases - for example, with cataracts.

Anomalies of the lens- congenital cataract, biphakia, aphakia.

Pathologies of the retina or mucous membrane of the eyes

Retinitis- a disease that is characterized by the development of inflammatory phenomena on the retina of the eye. It occurs when the visual organs are injured, exposed to sunlight, or against the background of other diseases. Symptoms: narrowing of the field of vision, limited vision, doubling of objects, the appearance of bright spots in front of the eyes, poor visibility in the dark or twilight.

- a pathology in which the inner layers of the retina are separated from the choroid and nearby epithelial tissues. Most often, it can only be cured with surgery. Left untreated, the disease can lead to complete loss of vision. Symptoms: a dark veil before the eyes, blurred vision, distortion of the shape of objects, limited visibility to the sides, flashes or sparks often slip before the eyes.

In the event of microtraumas of the ocular surface (corneal injury when putting on a contact lens, damaged lens, accumulation of protein deposits on the lens), which are accompanied only by a feeling that something has got into the eye, treatment should not be neglected, since the lack of treatment of microtraumas can lead to irritation and redness, which in turn can contribute to the development of complications (keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers), since damaged tissues are the gateway for infection.

To restore the tissues of the eye, drugs with dexpanthenol, a substance with a regenerating effect, have proven themselves well. In particular, Korneregel eye gel has a healing effect due to the maximum concentration of dexpanthenol of 5% *, and the carbomer included in its composition prolongs the contact of dexpanthenol with the ocular surface due to its viscous texture.

Angiopathy- violation of the structure of blood vessels in the eyes, is formed as a result of injury to the visual organs, increased intraocular pressure, malfunctions of the nervous system, arterial hypertension, intoxication of the body or anatomical pathologies in the structure of blood vessels. Symptoms: visual impairment, blurred vision, glare or bright flashes before the eyes, in severe cases, blindness.

Glaucoma- a chronic disease in which intraocular pressure is increased. Often leads to damage to the optic nerve and, as a result, to a sharp deterioration in vision up to its complete loss. The disease is irreversible, therefore, without timely treatment, there is a high risk of completely blind. Symptoms: poor visibility on the sides, dark spots, fog before the eyes, indistinguishability of objects in the dusk, in bright light - colored circles before the eyes.

Refractive disorders

Myopia- a disease in which a person can not see objects in the distance. It is formed as a result of the fact that the image lines up in front of the retina. Symptoms: poor visibility of distant objects, eyes get tired quickly, discomfort, pain in the temples or forehead.

farsightedness- a pathology characterized by poor visibility of close objects, with good visibility of distant ones. In contrast to myopia, the image is formed behind the surface of the retina. Signs of this disease are often: fog before the eyes, sometimes - strabismus.

Astigmatism- a disease in which the light rays entering the retina cannot focus on it. Most often, astigmatism occurs due to physiological disorders in the structure of the cornea or lens. Symptoms: blurring, fuzzy objects, eye fatigue, headaches, the need to constantly strain your eyes to see.

Other eye diseases

Myodesopsia- the appearance of spots, "flies" or black dots before the eyes.

Strabismus- a disease in which the axis of vision deviates, which leads to the fact that binocular vision is impaired.

nystagmus- uncontrollable rapid eye movements.

Amblyopia- damage to the eye muscles, in which one eye stops working or moving. It is accompanied by a decrease in the sharpness of the affected eye, the inability to assess the distance to objects.

Leukoma (thorn)- the formation of scar tissue on the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye. Occurs due to eye injury, or with prolonged inflammatory processes in the body.

color blindness- Violation of color perception. Most often it is a congenital pathology.

Hemeralopia(“night blindness”) is a disease in which a person has difficulty seeing objects in poor light.

xanthopsia- a rare pathology in which a person sees all objects with a yellowish tint.

Panophthalmitis- destruction of the tissues of the eyeball, accompanied by the release of a large amount of pus.

Video - Primary angle-closure glaucoma

*5% - the maximum concentration of dexpanthenol among ophthalmic forms in the Russian Federation. April 2017
There are contraindications. It is necessary to read the instructions or consult with a specialist.

Sunken eyes are a sign that there are certain health problems. The pathogenesis of this phenomenon is quite wide. Often this process is accompanied by dark circles around the eyes. In this case, you should immediately contact a specialist for help.

The problem of sunken eyes is very common in people who abuse nicotine. This is due to the fact that with each puff of a cigarette, the vessels tend to narrow. This process prevents air from entering, and as a result, circles and depressions appear. In addition, with a lack of oxygen, discomfort occurs in the eyes and they begin to tear. Fatigue, lack of sleep and frequent exposure to stressful situations can also contribute to sunken eyes.

Other causes of sunken eyes:

Changes associated with age.
Prolonged use of drugs.
Inflammatory process in the gallbladder.
Trachoma.
Dehydration of the organ system.
The presence of strong physical exertion with the use of force.
Pathologies of the renal organs.
The presence of diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
Change in hormonal background.
Diseases of the liver.
genetic disposition.

These are just the main causes of sunken eyes. Only an experienced medical worker can determine the cause of the origin of this phenomenon.

When tired

This phenomenon can occur in both a child and an adult. The hollowness of the eyes from overexertion occurs as a result of a long stay at the TV or computer screen.

To eliminate the effect of sunken eyes, it is necessary to perform special exercises, palming. At least for a few minutes per hour, be distracted from the screen or monitor.

When taking medication

When children or adults take drugs for a long time, the body is oversaturated with their components. This is especially true for drugs from the group of antibiotics. Such a glut can cause an imbalance, which entails the formation of various pathologies.

If you suspect that medication may be the cause of your sunken eyes, contact your doctor right away. Under no circumstances should you self-medicate. You can only aggravate the condition and entail irreversible consequences with your initiative.

Hormonal disorders

The hormonal system is responsible for the functionality of the entire body. The slightest failure in its work can lead to a deterioration in the functionality of various organs, as well as to changes in appearance that are not for the better.

As mentioned earlier, a symptom of a hormonal imbalance is a pinkish color of the lower eyelids. This is evidence of the formation of hyperthyroidism. This is a pathology in which the production of the genital organs is disrupted. Such a disease can lead to impaired reproductive function.

If a hormonal imbalance is observed in an adult, it is necessary to consult a therapist or endocrinologist. You need to undergo examinations of the genitourinary system and thyroid gland.
If the pathology was revealed in a child, this may be due to the peculiarities of growing up. In this case, you need to monitor his condition. At the slightest suspicion of any disease, contact a medical institution for diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
Addictions
As mentioned earlier, smoking causes oxygen deficiency. The same can be said about alcoholic beverages. In the presence of bad habits, narrowing and thinning of blood vessels occurs. The eyeballs cannot bear their own weight and therefore fall inward. In addition, due to vasoconstriction, blood circulation around the eyes is disturbed. This area takes on a dark, unhealthy color.

Alcohol abuse can cause sunken eyes
If you abandon the antisocial lifestyle and addictions, the vessels will return to normal. Oxygen will begin to enter the organs of vision, blood outflow will improve. As a result, the diseased color will disappear, the eyeball will begin to move forward.
Heart disease
A child and an adult who have certain heart pathologies have low blood pressure. Because of this, blood circulation is disturbed and the eyes do not receive enough useful elements. Due to the fact that the elasticity of the blood vessels deteriorates, the patient's eyes fall inward. Heart attack and stroke cause the same disorders. It will not be possible to push the eyeball until a complete cure.
In addition to hollowness, patients have blue circles around the eyes. If you suspect that you have this pathological condition, contact a cardiologist for examination and diagnosis.
hypoxia
Hypoxia is a pathological condition that provokes a lack of oxygen. In a child, such a disease most often appears due to a birth injury. As a result, the vessels narrow, which is clearly displayed on the patient's face. The skin around the eyes acquires a blue tint, capillaries become visible, and small wrinkles often appear.
The lack of oxygen in the body can be replaced by a daily walk. Outdoors should be at least two hours a day. Choose green areas, parks, forests for walking.
Age changes
Age-related changes can also cause a sunken eyeball. This is due to the fact that tissues in old age begin to sag. Also, the cause may be an age-related increase in the eye sockets, as the tissues of the face are displaced and absorbed.
With this reason, the hollowness of the eyes can only be helped by surgery. Blepharoplasty, lipofilling and implants are usually used. The safest method is the implantation of a special material that does not cause rejection.
When is a medical examination necessary?
Medical intervention is required for the following symptoms:
The color of the lower eyelid turned yellow - this indicates diseases of the kidneys and gallbladder;

The color turned brown - problems with the cardiovascular system;

The eyelid of a pinkish color is a violation of the hormonal background.

In addition, sunken eyes are characterized by the following symptoms:
Profuse lacrimation;

The presence of discomfort in the eyes;

Feeling of sand in the eyes;

The emergence of "fireflies";

dehydration of the eye;

Dryness;

Small wrinkles in the eye area;

The skin becomes thinner.

If these symptoms are present, consult a doctor. This is evidence of the presence of dangerous diseases.

Health

Do you know that looking into a person's eyes is not so easy to determine whether he is lying or telling the pure truth? But, according to experts, there is a wonderful opportunity with a high degree of probability to determine the level of cholesterol in the body of this person, the presence of liver disease or diabetes. To do this, you need to know some secrets.

"The eye and the truth is a unique organ that makes it possible to determine the state of health, - says Andrew Iwach, representative of the American Academy of Ophthalmology (American Academy of Ophthalmology) and concurrently Executive Director of the San Francisco Glaucoma Center (Glaucoma Center of San Francisco). – This is the only part of the human body, looking at which, without any operation, we can see the veins, arteries and nerves (optic nerve)".

The transparency of the eye explains why common eye diseases (such as glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration) can be easily detected at an early stage with regular eye examinations. "Unfortunately, people are so busy that postpone not only eye examinations, but also other visits to the doctor. That's why when people finally visit an ophthalmologist, they can determine the presence of certain diseases, such as diabetes or high blood pressure.", - explains Ivach, advising to pay special attention, first of all, to the following 14 nuances.

1. Warning Sign: Thinning Eyebrows

What can it say? It is clear that under certain circumstances, eyebrows are thinned out on purpose (paying tribute to fashion, mainly). However, when about a third of your eyebrow hair (especially in the area closest to your ears) starts to disappear on its own, it could be a sign of thyroid disease- hyperthyroidism (increased activity of the thyroid gland), or hypothyroidism (decrease in thyroid function). The thyroid is a small but extremely important gland that helps regulate metabolism, and thyroid hormones are one of those substances that play a critical role in hair growth.

Eyebrows are known to thin out as a person ages. However, with thyroid disease, the eyebrows thin out unevenly; in fact, there is hair loss from the edges of the eyebrows. Besides, hair loss can occur anywhere on the body, although in the region of the eyebrows this phenomenon is most pronounced. An accompanying signal indicating this problem is the appearance of early gray hair in the eyebrows. It is noteworthy that the female body is more susceptible to this phenomenon, which occurs most often in women aged 20 to 30 years.

What should be done? If you notice that your eyebrows are thinning, it makes sense to consult a dermatologist or at least consult with your family doctor. Most of the other symptoms, both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, are very general and can affect any bodily function. Therefore, before visiting a doctor, it makes sense to pay attention to any other changes that occur in your body. These changes may relate to weight, lack of energy, digestive and/or menstrual irregularities, mood swings, skin health, and so on.

2 Warning Sign: Styes That Don't Go Away

What can it say? This is a small purulent inflammation, usually having a reddish tint, which does not leave the eye most of the time. Barley, also called chalazion, appears on the inner or outer surface of the eyelid. Often this phenomenon does not cause concern, since ordinary barley, although it somewhat disfigures the appearance of a person, passes rather quickly and without consequences. However, if the inflammation does not go away within three months, or periodically occurs in the same place, we can talk about a rare type of cancerous tumor, which is called sebaceous gland carcinoma.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. The presence of barley leads to blockage of the sebaceous glands of the ciliary follicles of the eyelid. Usually this type of inflammation disappears within one month. However, the type of barley, which has a cancerous nature, on the contrary, is constantly kept. Sometimes it seems that such barley has passed, however, after a while, inflammation occurs in the same place. There is another warning sign that should make you pay special attention to this phenomenon. It consists in partial loss of cilia in the area of inflammation.

What should be done? First of all, it should be noted what the nature of the inflammation is: that is, whether it is a rapidly passing or permanent barley. In case of persistent inflammation, you should definitely consult an ophthalmologist. Usually, to confirm the diagnosis, a biopsy is performed (that is, a piece of tissue is taken from the inflamed area for laboratory tests). These severe cases of stye are usually treated with surgery.

3. An alarming sign: lumpy formations of a yellowish tint on the eyelids

What can it say? The medical name for these yellowish inflammatory lesions is eyelid xanthelasma. Usually this phenomenon indicates a high level of cholesterol in the human body. Very often, such formations are called so - cholesterol plaques, since, in fact, these are just ordinary fat deposits.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this phenomenon. Some people confuse these cholesterol plaques on the eyelids with barley. However, when it comes to xanthelasma of the eyelids, the aforementioned yellowish formations appear in the amount of several pieces, and each plaque is quite small.

What should be done? It is necessary to consult a family doctor, or immediately visit a dermatologist or ophthalmologist. The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of a physical examination. The easiest way for an ophthalmologist to notice these plaques is when examining the eye; for this very reason, in fact, Elevated cholesterol levels are often detected during an eye examination.. This pathological phenomenon is usually painless and does not cause vision problems. Among other things, in the presence of this pathology, it makes sense to pay attention to the presence of signs of coronary artery disease.

4. Warning sign: burning sensation in the eyes and blurred vision when using a computer

What can it say? First of all, of course, this may indicate that you are an ordinary workaholic who suffered from the so-called computer vision syndrome. Often the lack of contrast on your monitor leads to eye strain. (compared to, for example, text printed on paper). In addition, the cause may be excessive long-term concentration on some small illuminated area of the screen. It is also known that closer to the average age of a person, his eyes lose the ability to produce enough tear fluid to lubricate the eyes. There is eye irritation, exacerbated by blurred vision and discomfort.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Have you noticed that this problem worsens towards noon (when the eyes become drier)? Does deterioration also occur at the moment when you read the fine print, and your eyes strain more strongly? If so, then we are talking about the very fatigue of the eyes. Moreover, people who wear glasses suffer from computer vision syndrome more often than others. You should also keep in mind that the problem may be exacerbated by using a fan that blows directly on your face. In this case, the eyes dry out even faster.

What should be done? It is necessary to eliminate glare on the monitor by closing curtains or blinds on the window. You also need to make sure that your eyeglasses (if you wear them) have a special anti-reflective effect. Adjust the contrast of your monitor as needed. It must be remembered that the white areas on the screen should never shine, as if it were some kind of light source. Also, do not darken them too much. Fortunately, flat-screen LCD monitors, which have been widely adopted throughout the world over the past few years, cause less eye fatigue than older monitors. The documents you work on should be at approximately the same height as your monitor, which saves your eyes from having to constantly focus on different objects.

5. An alarming sign: inflammation and the formation of a specific plaque on the edges of the eyelids

What can it say? Perhaps the cause is blepharitis (an inflammatory process that affects the edges of the eyelids), which can occur for several reasons. And two of them, surprising as it may sound, associated with problems affecting other parts of the body. We are talking about dandruff and a dermatological disease called rosacea (so-called rosacea). The latter pathology often also causes a sharp reddening of the skin, usually noted in middle-aged women with pale skin.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Eye irritation may also be felt, as if a very small foreign body has been lodged in them. Worried about burning in the eyes, increased lacrimation, or, conversely, excessive dryness of the eyes. Specific scales are formed, which tend to accumulate inside the corners of the eye, or directly on the edges of the eyelids.

What should be done? It is necessary to make warm wet cotton lotions (after washing your hands!). After five minutes of this procedure, most of the scales will be removed, and the skin will become somewhat softer. However, to resolve this issue, it is recommended, nevertheless, to consult with a specialist, since the severity of this pathology varies greatly. Doctors often prescribe special antibiotic-based ointments and may even prescribe oral antibiotics, that is, to be taken by mouth. So-called glycerine tears (special drops for moisturizing) can be used.

6. Warning sign: you observe a small "blind spot" that is surrounded by a whitish aura or specific wavy lines

What can it say? The so-called ocular migraine (it is also called atrial scotoma), which can be accompanied by headaches (although not always), can lead to such visual impairment. It is believed that the reason for this phenomenon is a change in the intensity of blood flow to the brain.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Visual disturbances are initially noted in the very center of the visual field. This process can be expressed in the appearance of a brown dot, a few specks, or a line that seems to be moving and interferes with normal visual perception. There is a feeling that you look at the world through cloudy or cracked glass. This phenomenon is painless and does not cause any irreversible damage. Ocular migraines can occur for many reasons, ranging from chocolate and caffeine consumption to alcohol or stress. In some cases, headaches are also noted, and sometimes severe enough to cause nausea.

What should be done? If the symptoms overtook you at the moment when you are driving, it makes sense to stop by the side of the road and wait until these unpleasant manifestations disappear. This usually happens within one hour. If such violations last more than an hour, then it is imperative that you consult with an appropriate specialist. It is very important to exclude, for example, more serious problems, such as retinal tears. You will also need a doctor if such visual disturbances are accompanied by other symptoms that may indicate, for example, a stroke or heart attack. We are talking, for example, about an increase in body temperature, a feeling of weakness in the muscles, impaired speech function.

7 Warning Sign: Red, Itchy Eyes

What can it say? Eye irritation can occur for many reasons, but itching accompanied by sneezing, coughing, sinus congestion and/or nasal discharge may indicate that you are allergic. If this affects the eyes, then the cause may be in the air around you (for example, plant pollen, dust or animal hair).

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Similar manifestations of allergies, felt only in one eye, may indicate that something is wrong with cosmetics or any eye medications. Some people, for example, react strongly to certain preservatives in some eye drops that are used to moisturize dry eyes.

What should be done? Usually the best advice in such cases is to stay away from the source of irritation. Certain antihistamines can help relieve itching, and eye drops or gels are recommended, as they bring relief to the eyes more quickly. If eye drops are the cause of the allergy, then it makes sense to choose another medicine that does not contain preservatives.

8. Warning sign: the whites of the eyes turn yellowish

What can it say? This phenomenon, which is known as "jaundice", occurs in two groups of people: in newborns with underdeveloped liver function, and in adults who suffer from diseases of the liver, gallbladder or bile ducts. (including hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver). The appearance of a yellow tint in the white of the eye (sclera) is usually due to the accumulation in the body of bilirubin, a yellow-red bile pigment that is a by-product of red blood cells. A diseased liver is no longer able to process them.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. It is noteworthy that in this case, some other tissues of the body can also acquire a similar yellowish tint. In any case, this yellowness is best captured against the background of the white color of the whites of the eyes. In addition, the skin can also take on a yellowish tinge if an individual consumes, say, too much beta-carotene contained in carrots. However, the color of the whites of the eyes does not change!

What should be done? It is necessary to tell the doctor about all the alarming symptoms (unless, of course, the person is already being treated for any liver disease). Such a pathological phenomenon as jaundice must be brought under control as soon as possible; it is also necessary to identify and eliminate the causes that caused it.

9. Warning sign: inflammation or brown dot on the eyelid

What can it say? Even those people who regularly closely monitor the health of their skin may not pay attention to a small dark dot on the eyelid. Meanwhile, a similar point may be a precursor to cancer! Most of the cases of malignant tumors that occur on the eyelid, refers to the so-called basal cell epithelioma. If this type of cancer appears as a brown dot, then the likelihood that this dot will develop into a malignant tumor is much higher (this also applies to other types of skin cancer).

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Elderly people with pale skin are most at risk. Particular attention should be paid to the lower part of the eyelid. Inflammation can be quite transparent with the thinnest blood vessels. If a similar dot appears in the area of the cilia, some of the cilia may fall out intensively.

What should be done? Always pay special attention to any kind of points on the skin or suspicious violations of the skin structure, while not forgetting to consult with your family doctor, dermatologist or eye specialist. Early detection of the disease, that is, before the disease has spread to the nearest lymph nodes, is of the utmost importance.

10 Warning Sign: Enlarged Eye

What can it say? The most common cause of an increase in the size of the eyeball is hyperthyroidism, that is, increased activity of the thyroid gland, which has already been mentioned above. Moreover, the most common pathology is the so-called Graves' disease (it is also called Graves' disease).

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. In order to fix an increase in the size of the eye, it is necessary, for example, to pay attention to the fact whether the white part is visible between the iris and the upper eyelid. The fact is that in the normal state, this white part of the eyeball is not visible. It is noteworthy that some people inherit this feature, having normally slightly enlarged eyes, however, in this case we are not talking about hyperthyroidism. Sometimes it seems that such a person hardly blinks and looks at you too intently. Since this pathology develops quite slowly, it is no wonder that very often people who do not see such a person every day, but meet quite rarely (or, for example, accidentally see his photograph) pay attention to this problem.

What should be done? It is necessary to report your suspicions to the doctor, especially if other signs of Graves' disease are present, such as blurred vision, restlessness, fatigue, increased appetite, weight loss, body tremors and increased heart rate. Usually a blood test allows you to measure the level of thyroid hormones in organism. Treatment for this condition may include appropriate medications or surgery.

11. Warning Sign: Unexpected double vision, blurred vision, or loss of vision

What can it say? When it comes to sudden loss of vision, blurred vision, or double vision, the chances are high that the person has had a stroke.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Other signs of a stroke are sudden stiffness or weakening of an arm, leg, or facial muscles, usually on one side of the body. There are problems with movement due to dizziness, loss of balance and coordination. Speech is disturbed and becomes sluggish, severe headaches occur. In severe strokes (usually due to a blood clot or bleeding in the brain), these symptoms occur all at once and simultaneously. In milder cases of strokes caused by narrowing of the arteries, some of the symptoms appear gradually over a longer period (within minutes or hours).

What should be done? In this situation, there can be only one advice - it is necessary that the patient be taken to the intensive care unit as soon as possible to provide qualified medical care.

12. Warning sign: dry eyes that are very receptive to light

What can it say? Perhaps this refers to an autoimmune disease of the body, which is called dry keratoconjunctivitis or dry syndrome (Sjögren's syndrome). This pathology disrupts the functioning of the eye glands and glands of the oral cavity, which are responsible for moisturizing these areas.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. Sjögren's syndrome usually occurs in women over 40 who suffer from autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus. More often, the eyes and mouth are hit at the same time. Such patients may also note dryness of the vagina, sinuses, and simply dry skin. Due to the lack of saliva, there are problems with chewing and swallowing.

What should be done? Sjögren's syndrome is diagnosed through special tests. To protect the eyes, it is usually necessary to use artificial moisturizers (for example, such as so-called artificial tears). It is also necessary to take care of improving the quality of nutrition, while increasing the amount of fluid consumed.

13. An alarming sign: it is difficult to close one eye, in which there is increased lacrimation

What can it say? Similar symptoms can occur with palsy of the facial nerve (that is, the nerve that controls the facial muscles), causing temporary paralysis of half of the face. Sometimes this pathology is accompanied by a viral infection(for example, shingles, mononucleosis, or even acquired immunodeficiency virus), or a bacterial infection (for example, Lyme disease). Diabetics and pregnant women are most at risk.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. This pathology affects not only the eye area, but also half of the entire face. The severity of the condition varies depending on the patient, but in the general case, the consequences are expressed in the form of a sagging and weakened half of the face. The eyelid may also sag therefore it is difficult for a person to manage it- close completely and open. There may be increased lacrimation, or, conversely, the inability to produce tear fluid in this eye. Most often, this effect appears unexpectedly.

What should be done? It is necessary to consult a doctor. In most cases, the effects are temporary, and the patient fully recovers within a few weeks. In more rare cases this pathology tends to recur periodically. Physiotherapy treatment helps to restore speech, the ability to control the muscles of the face (in particular, those functions that allow the muscles to act in unison), and also helps to avoid facial asymmetry. Professional medical care will help to avoid damage to the eye and maintain the necessary moisture.

14. Warning sign: blurred vision in diabetes.

What can it say? Diabetics are known to be at risk when it comes to various eye diseases, including glaucoma and cataracts. However, the greatest threat to the vision of diabetics is the so-called diabetic retinopathy, in which diabetes affects the circulatory system of the eye. In fact, it is the leading cause of vision loss in diabetics around the world.

Additional signs indicating the presence of this disease. In general, the changes associated with diabetic retinopathy are more likely to occur in people who suffer from the disease for a long period of time than in those who do not. who have only recently been diagnosed with diabetes. The patient can often see blurry or with tiny dark dots in the field of vision. Sometimes diabetes can cause intermittent small bleeding that also blurs vision. There are no pain sensations. The worse a person manages to control their sugar levels, the more serious the symptoms of the disease are.

What should be done? People who suffer from a diabetic disease can be advised to have an eye examination annually, which will allow early detection of retinopathy and control this pathology. It will also allow glaucoma, cataracts and other problems to be detected before they appear in full force.