Is it possible to inject diphereline after embryo replanting. Low AMH Protocols
One of the most effective medicines designed to combat the most severe pathologies of the female and male reproductive system is Diferelin. Instructions, the price of this drug are often discussed by patients on specialized forums. As usual, this medicinal product has its supporters and opponents. In this article, we will consider the mechanism of action of this drug and its pharmacological features.
Pharmacological group
The drug "Diferelin" is a drug with antigonadotropic action. In fact, it is an antihormone, as it has the ability to suppress the production of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones in females and testosterone in men. Therefore, the drug "Diferelin" is actively used to treat uterine fibroids, endometriosis, prostate cancer, premature maturation in adolescents and other diseases.
Composition and form of release
The drug "Difelerin" is currently available in only one dosage form- lyophilisate for creating solutions. In this case, three types of funds are produced, differing in concentration active substance and for different purposes:
- "Diferelin" 11.25 mg and 3.75 mg - for intramuscular injection;
- "Diferelin" 0.1 mg - for subcutaneous injections.
In everyday life, doctors and patients briefly refer to the above-mentioned varieties of the drug, adding numbers to its name indicating the content of the main substance in it.
As active component in the drug "Diferelin", reviews of which are mostly positive, triptorelin pamoate acts. It is he who has a pronounced therapeutic and pharmacological effect on the patient's body.
Medication "Diferelin" is sold in cardboard packages, in which there are vials with lyophilisate and a syringe with two needles. In addition, ampoules with a solvent are placed in them. It may be different. If mannitol is mainly used for lyophilizers "Diferelin" 3.75 and 11.25, then for the drug at a concentration of 0.1 mg, it is most often used
Therapeutic effect of "Diferelin"
From a biochemical point of view this drug is an analog of the GnRH hormone synthesized by the hypothalamus. It affects the pituitary gland, which is responsible for the production of sex hormones and thereby regulates the work of the organs of the female and male reproductive system: prostate, ovaries, uterus, testicles. It turns out that the drug "Diferelin" regulates the level of production of sex hormones.
Reviews of its use indicate that it has a pronounced antitumor and antigonadotropic effect and is effective in the treatment of certain pathologies. For example, in infertility, this medicine suppresses the production of luteinizing hormone, which negatively affects ovulation, thereby increasing the likelihood of pregnancy. And with prostate cancer, this medication reduces testosterone levels to zero, characteristic of castrates, and increases the patient's chances of getting rid of malignant neoplasm.
Effective magic "Diferelin" and endometriosis. By its effect on the production of sex hormones, it gradually introduces a woman into an artificially created state of menopause and thereby provokes atrophy of endometrial foci.
Indications for use
Depending on the concentration, it different influence on the body the medicine "Diferelin". The use of this drug in medicine depends on the content of the main active substance in it. For example, injections of "Diphereline 0.1 mg" are indicated for infertility, to activate the ovaries and stimulate ovulation during IVF.
The use of this medication at a concentration of 3.75 mg is advisable in the fight against prostate cancer, uterine fibroids, premature maturation, genital and extragenital endometriosis, IVF protocols.
In the most serious cases, with prostate cancer with metastases and chronic endometriosis, "Diferelin 11.25 mg" is prescribed. Its use can significantly increase the patient's chances of recovery.
Instructions for use
The drug "Diferelin 0.1 mg" is used in short and long IVF protocols under the strict supervision of a doctor. It begins to be administered daily, one ampoule, starting from the second day of menstruation. The duration of such therapy is determined by the individual characteristics of the female body.
But the drug "Diferelin 11.25 mg" is administered to patients every three months. Moreover, men can make this injection at any time, and women - only in the first five days of the menstrual cycle. The duration of treatment with this drug lasts from three to six months, since it is not recommended to use it for more than six months.
Most wide range use of the drug "Diferelin 3.75". Patient reviews testify to the extreme effectiveness of this drug. In addition, it is very convenient to use, as it does not require daily administration over a long period of time. Injections of the drug "Diferelin 3.75 mg" are usually done once a month. This is enough to ensure that the active substance enters the bloodstream in therapeutic dosages. Let us consider in more detail the scheme of using this medication in relation to various diseases.
prostate cancer
For men, the drug "Diferelin" is prescribed for prostate cancer. The injections are given to the patient once every twenty-eight days in such a way that the interval between injections of the drug is four weeks. A single dose of the drug is one vial of 3.75 mg. The duration of taking the medicine is determined by the rate of healing of the patient.
endometriosis
Injections of the drug "Diferelin" for endometriosis are given to women in the first five days of the next menstruation. The subsequent medication is taken after four weeks, and the course of therapy lasts a total of 3 to 6 months. It should be remembered that this medicine cannot be combined with the use of oral contraceptives.
In the process of treating endometriosis, the drug "Diferelin" causes an artificial menopause (amenorrhea). Patient reviews, however, indicate that after discontinuation of treatment menstrual cycle recovers within a few months, sometimes a whole year. Repeated therapy with this medicine for relapses of endometriosis, as a rule, is not prescribed - other, no less effective medicines are used for this.
precocious puberty
For children, when stopping, the drug "Diferelin" is prescribed once every 28 days. Wherein single dose its application is calculated taking into account the patient's body weight. For children weighing more than 20 kilograms, a whole vial (3.75 mg) is injected, and for children with lower rates - half an ampoule (1.875 mg). The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician, depending on the rate of normalization of the patient's condition.
Fibromyoma of the uterus
In the treatment of this disease, the drug "Diferelin" is administered once a month, one vial. Moreover, it should be taken during the first five days of the patient's menstrual cycle. Subsequent injections of the drug occur every four weeks. The duration of therapy usually does not exceed three months.
Overdose
At present, not a single case of an overdose of Diferelin has been identified. Patient reviews also indicate its relative safety. In addition, this drug does not affect the ability to control moving mechanisms. Therefore, during the course of therapy with this medicine, you can safely drive a car.
Side effects
When using the drug "Diferelin" the following side effects may occur:
- symptoms of compression spinal cord;
- increased pain;
- angioedema, urticaria, itching;
- obstruction of the ureters;
- headache;
- bone demineralization;
- decrease in potency;
- dryness of the vagina;
- sweating;
- reduction of the testicles;
- change in breast size;
- hypogonadotropic amenorrhea;
- ovarian hypertrophy;
- menorrhagia;
- asthenia;
- nausea, vomiting;
- hypertension;
- hot flashes;
- emotional lability;
- hematuria;
- the appearance of excess weight;
- peripheral edema;
- fever;
- anorexia;
- depression;
- tachycardia;
- alopecia;
- dyspnea;
- hyperemia of the injection site;
- paresthesia.
Contraindications for use
The drug "Diferelin" has individual contraindications to application. They are related to the state of health of the patient, as well as to his individual physiological characteristics. For example, men should not take this drug for non-hormonal prostate cancer and after having their testicles removed, and it is not recommended for women during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or polycystic ovary syndrome. Everyone, without exception, should use Diferelin with osteoporosis with caution and hypersensitivity to its components. For any negative symptoms The patient should immediately seek advice from the attending physician.
General condition after application
As mentioned above, the drug "Diferelin" suppresses the production of sex hormones in women and men, thereby introducing them into a state of artificial castration. Of course, diving into similar condition and the exit from it is accompanied by various psychological, endocrine-metabolic and neurovegetative disorders.
After completion of the course of therapy with this drug hormonal background recovers, but during this process, the patient may experience irritability, fatigue, headaches, sweating, hot flashes, depression, fever, and others unpleasant symptoms. However, within one and a half months after the end of the drug physical state the patient is completely normal. That is, usually after the last injection of Diferelin 11.25 mg, the balance of hormones is restored after 4.5 months, and the effect of the drug with a concentration of 3.75 mg ends after 2.5 months. Per specified segments time, women and men fully rehabilitate the reproductive and sexual function and returns to normal libido.
Application during pregnancy
When carrying a child, treatment with Diferelin is contraindicated. However, this medicine is actively used to activate ovulation. Many women were able to become pregnant after several injections of the drug, but, not knowing about it, continued to take Diferelin. The action of this medication, as it was found out, does not harm the unborn child: it does not provoke the risk of miscarriage and does not contribute to the development congenital deformities. However, the mechanism of action this medicine on the female reproductive system during pregnancy still needs to be studied.
Analogues of the drug "Diferelin"
On modern pharmaceutical market only one synonymous drug is presented, which has the same active substance in its composition - this is Decapeptyl. In addition, in pharmacies you can find drugs that have the same therapeutic effect as the drug "Diferelin". Similar impact on the body are: spray "Buserelin", lyophilizate "Buserelin Depot", capsules "Zoladex", preparations "Eligardt" and "Lyukrin Depot".
Thanks
Diferelin is a drug with antigonadotropic action, that is, in essence, it is an antihormone, because it suppresses the production of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones (FSH and LH) in women and testosterone in men. Therefore, Diphereline is used to treat endometriosis, uterine fibroids, premature maturation in boys and girls, prostate cancer and in programs in vitro fertilization.
Names, release form and composition of Diferelin
Currently, Diferelin is produced in a single dosage form. lyophilisate for solution preparation . However, there are three types of the drug containing different amounts of the active substance and intended for various ways introductions:- Diphereline 0.1 mg - lyophilisate for subcutaneous injection;
- Diphereline 3.75 mg - lyophilizate for intramuscular injection;
- Diphereline 11.25 mg is a lyophilizate for intramuscular injection.
As an active substance, Diphereline contains triptorelin pamoate. However, its content in the lyophilisate is indicated in terms of pure triptorelin. That is, Diferelin 0.1 lyophilisate contains 0.1 mg of pure triptorelin and several large quantity milligram triptorelin pamoate. The content of pure triptorelin in the lyophilizate is indicated specifically for the convenience of doctors, since it is the substance in pure form after release from the salt formed with pamoate, it has a direct therapeutic and pharmachologic effect. And since the severity of the effect depends on the amount of pure triptorelin, it is precisely its content that is indicated as the dosage in all forms of the lyophilisate.
Lyophilizate for subcutaneous injections Diferelin 0.1 contains as excipient only mannitol. And lyophilizates for intramuscular injections– Diphereline 3.75 and 11.25 as auxiliary components contain the following substances:
- Polymer of lactic and glycolic acids;
- Mannitol;
- carmellose sodium;
- Polysorbate - 80.
Lyophilizate Diferelin 0.1 painted in White color and dissolves in the applied solvent, forming a completely transparent solution containing a small amount of suspended particles.
Lyophilizate Diferelin 3.75 it is colored white or white with a cream color, and dissolves to form a white or cream opaque suspension.
Lyophilizate Diferelin 11.25 it is colored yellowish or white, and dissolves to form an opaque suspension, also white or yellowish.
Diphereline - action and therapeutic effects
Diphereline is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog produced by the hypothalamus. GnRH affects the pituitary gland, which, in turn, produces tropic sex hormones, such as follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, testosterone, etc. And these tropic hormones regulate the functioning of female and male reproductive organs, for example, ovaries, uterus, testicles, prostate gland. Diphereline reduces the production of tropic pituitary hormones, respectively, reducing the activity of the ovaries and testicles in the synthesis of sex hormones. In this way, therapeutic effects The drug is due to the effect on the level of production of genital organs by the ovaries of women and the testicles of men.Since sex hormones have an impact on the development and course of certain pathologies, the use of Diphereline, which reduces their production, is justified in complex therapy diseases caused by elevated levels estrogen in women and testosterone in men. This effect Diphereline is called antigonadotropic and antitumor.
So, when using Diferelin during the first 2-3 weeks, stimulation of the pituitary gland is noted, but then, throughout the rest of the course of therapy, the drug suppresses the synthesis of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones, and, accordingly, the production of both androgens and estrogens decreases. The maximum severity of the antiandrogenic effect is achieved at 3 weeks from the start of Diferelin use and persists throughout the rest of the course of treatment.
Due to the stimulating effect of Diphereline during the first 2-3 weeks of use, it is used to stimulate ovulation and transfer of a fertilized embryo in in vitro fertilization protocols.
Diphereline in the treatment of endometriosis, as a rule, causes amenorrhea (artificial menopause, lack of menstruation). However, after cessation of therapy, menstruation is restored over a certain period of time (from 1 to 12 months), the specific duration of which depends on individual features woman's body. Most often, the first ovulation occurs by the end of the second month, counting from the last injection of Diferelin, and menstruation begins, respectively, after 2.5 - 3 months.
If endometriosis recurs after one course of therapy with Diphereline, then after 6 to 12 months, if necessary, you can be treated again. However, with relapses of endometriosis, usually do not resort to repeated courses treatment with Diferelin, but use other drugs (for example, Buserelin, etc.) or cauterize the foci during laparoscopic surgery.
Diphereline for precocious puberty one dose is administered every 28 days. One dose for children weighing more than 20 kg is 3.75 - that is, one full bottle of lyophilisate. And one dose for children weighing less than 20 kg is only 1.875 mg, that is, half of one vial of lyophilisate. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor and depends on the rate of normalization of the condition.
Half dosage for children weighing less than 20 kg is prepared in the following way: collect the entire volume of the solvent and add to the vial with lyophilizate. The entire volume of the lyophilisate is dissolved, but only half of the resulting suspension is drawn into the syringe. It is very simple to understand how much half is - divide the volume of the ampoule with the solvent into two. For example, in a sealed ampoule 2 ml of solvent, then half is 1 ml. That is, all 2 ml of the solvent are added to the vial with the lyophilizate, mixed well, but only 1 ml of the finished suspension is taken into the syringe for injection.
Diphereline for female infertility enter one whole vial (3.75 mg each) on the second day of the menstrual cycle. Treatment is continued for a period of time determined by the doctor.
Diphereline for uterine fibromyoma the first time is administered during the first five days of the next menstrual cycle. This means that after the start of the next menstruation, it is necessary to enter the first dosage of Diferelin within five days. In the future, the drug is administered every 4 weeks (28 days) for 3 months. Each time, one full vial of Diferelin is administered, that is, 3.75 mg of the active substance.
During treatment uterine fibroids Diferelin in a woman, as a rule, amenorrhea occurs (cessation of menstruation). This has a positive effect on general condition women, because she does not experience blood loss during bleeding and heavy menstruation. After stopping the use of Diphereline, menstruation is restored within a few months. During the entire period of use of the drug, it is necessary to regularly conduct ultrasound of the pelvic organs, monitoring the rate of reduction in the size of the uterus and fibroids. If the uterus is shrinking faster fibroids, it is urgent to perform an operation, since such a situation is fraught with the development of sepsis.
Diferelin 11.25 - instructions for use
This variety of Diphereline is also a depot form, and a single injection of a vial of 11.25 mg of the active substance provides it therapeutic activity during three months. That is, for the treatment of Diferelin 11.25, one vial is administered once every three months.For prostate cancer in men and endometriosis in women, Diferelin is administered in one vial every three months. The duration of therapy for prostate cancer depends on the rate of improvement and involution of education. And the duration of treatment for endometriosis is 3-6 months, since the drug is not recommended for more than six months in a row.
The first injection of Diphereline in men can be made at any time, and in women with endometriosis - only during the first five days of the next menstrual cycle.
Overdose and interaction with other drugs
Interactions of Diferelin with other drugs and cases of overdose have not been identified.The drug does not affect the ability to control mechanisms, so during the course of therapy you can drive a car.
Application during pregnancy
Difereline is contraindicated for use during pregnancy. This means that if a woman is already pregnant, then it cannot be used.However, the drug is used to stimulate ovulation, and many women became pregnant after several injections, but without knowing it, they continued to use Diphereline. Such cases made it possible to establish precisely that the drug does not negative impact on the fetus, does not provoke the development of congenital malformations and does not increase the risk of miscarriage. This allows us to say that Diferelin is not dangerous for the fetus, but further study of its properties is necessary.
After Diferelin - general condition
Diphereline reduces the production of sex hormones in men and women and, in fact, introduces them into a state of artificial castration. That is, under the influence of Diphereline, a hormonal background is created in a man, like a eunuch (castrato), and in a woman - like with menopause or both ovaries removed. Naturally, entry and exit given state accompanied by neuro-vegetative, endocrine-metabolic and psychological disorders and numerous complaints.After completing the course of using Diphereline, the hormonal background is gradually restored, but until the balance of hormones returns to normal, a person may be disturbed by headaches, irritability, fatigue, hot flashes, sweating, changes in body weight, fever, depression and other complaints.
The condition is completely normalized, usually within one and a half months after the end of the last injection. That is, normalization of the condition can be expected 4.5 months after the last injection of Diferelin 11.25 and 2.5 months after Diferelin 3.75. During this period, men and women fully restore their sexual and reproductive function and normalizes libido.
Menstruation and pregnancy after Diferelin
Ovarian function is usually fully restored approximately 1.5 months after the end of the last injection of Diphereline administered for the treatment of endometriosis. This means that menstruation should be expected approximately 4.5 months after the last injection of Diferelin 11.25 and 2.5 months after Diferelin 3.75. It is during this period that the first menstruation usually occurs after Diferelin, which can be different. However, menstruation is usually painless or painless and scanty. By the second menstrual cycle, menstruation takes normal character. However, the first menstruation, which began 4 to 6 months after the end of the last injection of Diferelin, is also considered the norm.Since the first ovulation usually occurs a month after the end of the last injection of Diphereline, if you do not want to become pregnant, you should start using contraceptive methods in advance. It is recommended to start using contraceptive methods from the 15th day after the end of the last injection of Diferelin.
When using Diphereline 0.1 in short and long IVF protocols, menstruation, as a rule, is delayed for several days - from 5 to 15. In some cases, menstruation stops altogether, and in this case, the doctor determines the tactics of further stimulation solely on the basis of the test results.
Diphereline - side effects
Side effects of Diphereline vary at the beginning and during treatment. The first 2-3 weeks of Diferelin administration are considered to be the beginning of treatment. And all the subsequent time during which Diferelin is administered is considered a therapy process. In addition, there are different side effects in men and women, since the drug changes the balance of sex hormones.The whole set side effects various dosages Diferelina in men and women is shown in the table.
Side effects of Diphereline 0.1 | Side effects of Diphereline 3.75 | Side effects of Diphereline 11.25 | |
At the start of treatment | ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome | ||
Increased bone pain in men | bone pain in men | ||
Obstruction of the ureters in men | Difficulty urinating in men | ||
Compression of the bone marrow in men | Painful urination in men | ||
Increased activity of acid phosphatase in the blood in men | Incomplete emptying of the bladder in men | ||
Decreased potency in men | Increased activity of AST and ALT in the blood in men | Any kind of Difereline is contraindicated for use in the following conditions:||