Choosing anti-inflammatory drugs for children. What medicine against worms is better to give to a child What drug to give to a child

It must be remembered that the undesirable (and sometimes even toxic) effects of drugs are aggravated by their incorrect use, non-compliance with dosages and frequency of administration. Therefore, of course, only a doctor can choose a drug, taking into account its need, the age of the baby and the tolerance of the drug. It is important for parents to accurately follow all the instructions of the doctor. In addition, it is not easy (and children of the first months of life - simply impossible) to make a child open his mouth and drink medicine. We will talk about how to properly give the drug prescribed by the doctor in this article.

First, we formulate the general rules that must be observed when giving medicine to a baby.

Rule one: the medicine for the child must be prescribed by a doctor

The medicine for a young child should be prescribed only by a doctor. This rule is indisputable and obvious, but, unfortunately, it is not always followed. Any drug, even the most seemingly harmless vitamin, can cause unwanted (so-called side effects, such as allergies) and toxic reactions - for example, if the allowable dose is exceeded. In addition, some drugs can "mask" the disease.

Rule two: study the medicine for the child

Read the label and package insert carefully before giving your child medicine. Read the inscription on the drug itself, pay attention to its expiration date, appearance, as well as the combination of this drug with food intake and other drugs, possible adverse reactions and contraindications. It is unacceptable to use drugs with an expired shelf life, improperly stored, with traces of spoilage, with an erased and illegible inscription.

Rule three: the medicine must be given to the child strictly according to the instructions

Follow the dose prescribed by the doctor, time, method of administration, frequency and duration of use of the medicine.

Before the doctor leaves, check if you have understood the dosage regimen correctly: how much, how, when (before, during or after meals), how often and for how long the child should take the medicine.

Never give medicine "by eye" - measure the prescribed dose with a special measuring spoon, graduated pipette, measuring tube or syringe without a needle; Before giving medicine to a child, check that you have accurately measured the dose. Use only clean measuring utensils.

The child should take medications regularly and at the appointed time. If you are afraid that you may accidentally miss the time of the next medication (especially antibiotics), then use various devices (timers, alarm clocks, etc.) that will remind you of this. Be sure to complete the started course of treatment to the end, despite the fact that the child feels better.

If the use of the medicine caused any undesirable reaction in your baby, be sure to inform the doctor about this in order to decide whether it is possible to continue using the drug or replace it.

Rule four: think of a way to give medicine to a child

If the baby refuses to take the medicine, use simple tricks.

The simplest thing is to ask the doctor to choose the most affordable and easy-to-use option for your child. Currently, many medicines for infants are produced in special forms convenient for dosage and use (drops, syrups, suspensions), which most often have a pleasant taste and smell, which greatly simplifies their administration. However, it must be borne in mind that some sweeteners and flavors added to medicines can cause an allergic reaction in the baby. Therefore, it is more advisable to use tasteless and odorless drops, which are very convenient to use and rarely cause allergies.

If the child refuses to take bitter medicine (this is especially true for babies older than 6 months), try to pour the drug into the cavity between the jaw and cheek, directing it deep into the mouth, since there are many taste buds on the tip of the tongue, and the root of the tongue has an increased gag reflex. The most convenient way to do this is with a measuring syringe (you can use a disposable syringe without a needle).

It is advisable to give the baby medicine together with an assistant (for example, with one of the relatives).

Never let a baby play with medicines: it is dangerous. Keep them out of the reach of children.

And now let's talk in more detail about the different ways of taking medicines by a child.

Medicines for a child: mouth, open!

Taking medications by mouth is the most common way to prescribe medications at home. Most drugs for babies are available in liquid form (solutions, syrups, emulsions, suspensions) with measuring devices (spoons, pipettes, syringes, etc.). Before use, the medicine in liquid form must be shaken thoroughly.

Features of the procedure

A baby up to 6 months old, when taking the medicine, is kept in the same way as when feeding, so that his head is slightly raised. If the child already knows how to sit, then it is more convenient to put him on his knees, fixing his legs between his knees and holding the handles. Smile and lightly touch the cheeks with your fingers with affectionate words (in children under 3 months the search reflex has not yet faded) or gently squeeze the cheeks with your fingers: the baby's mouth will open and you can direct the medicine directly to its destination. If the baby does not open his mouth and resists, you can try to press his finger on his chin to move his lower jaw down. If this maneuver fails, you will have to insert a spoon between the teeth or gums (from the side of the cheek) and carefully turn it with an edge; when the child's mouth opens, the medicinal solution is injected. After the child has swallowed the medicine, let him drink boiled water at room temperature.

Important Details

If the child burps or spit out the medicine immediately or within 10-15 minutes after taking it, then this drug must be given again in the same dose (with the exception of drugs that can easily be overdosed, for example, cardiac glycosides, hormones: their use in such cases must be agreed with the doctor). If the baby started vomiting after 30-45 minutes, there is no need to give him the medicine again, since the drug has already been absorbed in the intestines during this time.

Never mix the medicine into the entire one-time volume of the milk formula, as well as into those foods that the child must eat constantly (porridge, vegetable or meat puree, cottage cheese, etc.): the child may not finish eating food (and therefore will not receive full dose of the drug), or even refuse it altogether. The most correct thing is to use boiled water for diluting drugs, since other drinks can enter into chemical interaction with the components that make up the drug, which leads to undesirable consequences (reducing the therapeutic effect or worsening the absorption of the drug). In cases where the drug is prescribed with food, if possible, try to give it only when the baby has eaten at least half of the usual serving. If the medicine for the baby is very bitter, then the child, whose diet has already been introduced fruit purees, can “disguise” the drug in 1 teaspoon of puree; the tablet must be crushed beforehand. It is not recommended to give a child 3-4 or more drugs through the mouth at the same time - it is advisable to do this with a break of 10-15 minutes. Medicines that are administered in different ways (for example, a pill and drops in the nose, etc.) and do not cause negative reactions in the baby can be given simultaneously (one after the other without interruption).

Medicines for the child: on the other hand...

Sometimes, for a faster onset of a therapeutic effect, or in cases where it is impossible to use drugs through the mouth (vomiting, child's refusal), candles or medicinal enemas are used. The introduction of drugs through the rectum is called rectal.

Introduction of suppositories to a child

This method of drug administration is particularly suitable for the treatment of infants. Before introducing a candle to a child, it should be warmed at room temperature (candles are stored in the refrigerator). The baby needs to be laid on the back, the knees of the child should be pressed to the tummy, the buttocks should be spread with two fingers of one hand and the candle should be inserted into the anus with the pointed end forward with the other hand. The candle should completely "hide" in the anus. After its introduction, close the buttocks and hold them in this position for about one minute so that the candle does not slip out.

It is advisable for a child to administer suppositories after a stool. If defecation occurred within the first 5 minutes after the introduction of the suppository, then it must be reintroduced. If more time has passed, then the contents of the candle have managed to be absorbed in the rectum, and this procedure does not need to be repeated.

Giving enemas to a child

A medicinal enema for a child (an enema with the introduction of a medicine) should be given 15–20 minutes after the baby’s stool or after a cleansing enema.

For a cleansing enema (as well as for a medicinal one), rubber balloons (pears) with a soft tip lubricated with vegetable oil or petroleum jelly are used. The volume of injected fluid for newborns is 25 ml; for children 1-2 months - 30-40 ml; 2-4 months - 60 ml; 6-9 months - 100-150 ml; 9-12 months - 120-180 ml; the temperature of the input water is 28–30 °С. In no case should a cleansing enema be given to a young child with acute abdominal pain: this may worsen his condition in acute surgical pathology (such as acute intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis, peritonitis, etc.).

Put the child on an oilcloth covered with a diaper on top (the position of the baby when setting an enema is the same as when using candles). Release the air from the water bottle, carefully completely (2-3 cm) insert the tip of the pear with a rotational movement into the rectum. Slowly squeezing the balloon, gradually introduce water into the intestines. After that, hold the baby's buttocks with your left hand and remove the tip without opening the balloon. For some time (2-3 minutes), hold the buttocks in a closed position so that the water does not immediately spill out of the intestines. After the procedure, the child must be washed.

The introduction of the drug using an enema is carried out in a similar way, but in a smaller volume (it is indicated by the doctor), the temperature of the injected solution is 37-38 ° C for better absorption. After removing the tip, the child's buttocks should be kept closed for about 10 minutes so that the medicine has time to be absorbed.

Local treatment

Various creams, ointments, powders, talkers, aqueous and alcoholic solutions, etc. are applied externally. They must be applied with clean hands, a gauze swab or cotton swabs.

Compresses

If the doctor has prescribed a compress for the baby, then it is done in this way: a drug is applied to the gauze swab, the swab is covered with wax paper or tracing paper on top (polyethylene films are not used, since an airtight space is created under them and irritation or burns of delicate baby skin may occur). A cotton pad is placed on the paper and on top - a large gauze napkin or a piece of cloth. To fix the compress, you can use a bandage or adhesive tape. The place of the compress should be constantly warm.

How to make a compress on the ear?
A compress on the ear is done in the same way as on ordinary skin. The peculiarity of this procedure lies only in the fact that a gauze swab with a drug adjacent to the skin is cut vertically and put on a sore ear, and the ear itself is covered with a dry cloth. The next layer of the compress is waxed paper, then a cotton pad (in the case of a warming compress), on top is a large gauze napkin or a piece of cloth. It is best to fix the compress with a bandage. A cap is put on over the compress.

Drops in the nose for a child

Before the introduction of the drug, the baby's nose must be cleared of accumulated mucus and crusts. This is done using a cotton turunda (a piece of cotton wool twisted into a long strip). In the presence of dense crusts, the nose should be pre-rinsed with saline; you can use the usual 0.9% saline solution bought at a pharmacy or prepared yourself: 1/2 teaspoon of table salt per cup of boiled water).

Drops in the nose for a child (preferably at room temperature) are instilled with a pipette or a special tip with which this drug is produced. The ointment is preliminarily applied to a cotton turunda, and then introduced into the nasal passages with rotational movements. The child should be picked up, holding his arms and head, or put on the back of the changing table. Without touching the nose with a pipette, the drops are first injected into one nostril and immediately turn the child's head towards this half of the nose. Then the same amount of solution is injected into the second nostril. After this, the baby needs to be held a little in his arms in a supine position.

Ear drops

Before instillation of drops into the ear, it is necessary to warm the medicinal solution to a temperature of 37 ° C by placing the vial in warm water. Lay the baby on the changing table or take him in your arms, on his side with a sore ear up. In the presence of pus, very carefully clean the external auditory canal with a cotton swab. Pull the auricle by the earlobe with your left hand slightly down, drip the drug and hold the child in this position for several minutes. You can plug your ear with a piece of cotton wool for 5-10 minutes.

Eye drops for a child

Instillation into the eyes should be carried out at a time when the child is not crying. Lay the baby on the back on the changing table or take it in your arms; be sure to fix the forehead of the baby. If there is mucus, pus or crusts on the child's eyes, they must first be removed (for each eye, a separate cotton swab or cotton pad soaked in boiled water is used, the direction of movement is from the outer corner of the eye to the inner). Then you need to slightly pull the lower eyelid and drip eye drops to the child between the lower eyelid and the eyeball. You should not drip the medicine directly on the eye, because it is very unpleasant and ineffective (the child squints, and all the medicine flows out). Try to drop just behind the lower eyelid, where the right amount of the drug will fall into the reservoir for tears (conjunctival sac), be absorbed and begin to act. Try not to touch the eyedropper. Use a cotton swab to blot any remaining drops near the inner corner of your eye. If your baby cried after the drops, while there was profuse lacrimation, then this procedure must be repeated.

For laying eye ointment, it is best to use a clean glass spatula, since when squeezing the ointment directly from the tube, you can accidentally injure the baby's eye. The ointment is applied to the lower eyelid.

Inhalations

Inhalations for young children are carried out using special devices - inhalers or nebulizers (the so-called ultrasonic and compressor inhalers). Children under 1 year of age are not inhaled over steam without an inhaler, since there is a high risk of burning the child. For inhalation, special children's nozzles are used (masks, nasal tips, etc.). The child is held against the nebulizer, and he simply inhales the nebulized liquid. The cry of the baby does not interfere with inhalation, as he continues to breathe the sprayed drug through his open mouth. Inhalations can be carried out at a time when the baby is sleeping.

Remember that the child (especially in the first months of life) subtly feels your mood, and your confidence in the need for the treatment prescribed by the doctor is very important to him. If you have any questions or doubts, be sure to consult your pediatrician. Be attentive, patient, affectionate and careful!

Every year, with the onset of cold weather, caring parents have another reason to worry - how to protect their child from a seasonal epidemic of acute respiratory infections, SARS or influenza? And if the child has already picked up the virus, how to help the child's body cope with the virus faster and avoid serious complications? You will learn about the most effective antiviral drugs for infants, toddlers, preschoolers and older children below.

The shelves of modern pharmacies are bursting with cold remedies, among which there are allegedly very effective antiviral drugs - both inexpensive and prohibitively priced. But how to understand if they will help, and is it worth giving such pills to children at all? Will such outside intervention harm the child's immunity? To answer these important questions, you must first understand what a virus is, how it behaves when it enters the body, how it reacts to an invasion, and how antiviral drugs can help it.

When we become infected with a virus, the following processes take place:

The DNA or RNA of the virus enters cells with the help of special enzymes, integrates into their genome and makes them "work for themselves" instead of performing physiological functions;

Replication begins - the synthesis of new viral particles;

Particles are produced and accumulated in the cytoplasm of diseased cells until they exhaust their vital resources;

There is cell death, rupture of cell membranes and the release of the virus to the outside;

New viral particles penetrate into neighboring healthy cells, the infection progresses.

The human immune system can counter this with the following types of "weapons":

- a protective protein produced by the cells of our body in the presence of an inflammatory process and elevated body temperature. It does not allow the pathogen to penetrate into the cells;

Nonspecific immune response- the first phase of the reaction to the invasion of the virus into the body. Immunocompetent cells (macrophages and lymphocytes) attack and devour viral particles;

specific immune response- the second phase of the fight against infection. It is cellular and humoral. Cytotoxic lymphocytes, which destroy virus-infected cells, are responsible for cellular. For humoral - B-lymphocytes that recognize the virus and kill it with the help of antibodies created specifically to fight it - immunoglobulin proteins.

Based on this, science has developed antiviral drugs with three principles of action:

Vaccines - “introduce” the body to viruses and allow you to immediately respond to their possible invasion in the future with a specific immune response, that is, to defeat the infection at the first stage and not get sick at all;

Interferon and its inducers- replenish interferon reserves in the patient's body or stimulate their own cells to produce it, that is, briefly enhance the nonspecific immune response;

Etiotropic agents- block the activity of viruses at the stage of penetration into cells, replication or exit to the outside (by inhibiting enzymes and blocking ion channels). This group includes artificially created chemicals that are taken strictly according to the doctor's prescription.

According to the composition, effective antiviral drugs for children can be divided into the following categories:

- Viferon, Grippferon, Lokferon;

Inducers of endogenous interferons- Cycloferon, Kagocel, Lavomax;

Neuraminidase inhibitors- Tamiflu (oseltamivir), Relenza (zanamivir);

M2 channel blockers- Remantadine, Amantadine;

Specific hemagglutinin inhibitor- umifenovir (Arbidol, Immustat);

plant extracts- Echinacea, Immunal, Immunorm, Immunoflazid, Imupret.

Only neuraminidase inhibitors and M2-channel blockers have proven clinical efficacy. The action of other antiviral drugs is either not proven at all, or it is difficult in the conditions of the human body and is observed only in a laboratory test tube.

As for interferon, its most important role in the formation of nonspecific immunity is beyond doubt, but how effective are antiviral drugs for children in the form of dry interferon lyophilisate, nasal drops, sprays and rectal suppositories?

We answer: a donor or recombinant protein will be fully absorbed by the body only when administered parenterally (that is, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract). At the same time, it will really help to overcome the virus only during the first 24-72 hours after it enters the body. Further, interferon is useless, since the first phase of the immune response has ended, the pathogen has been identified or identified for the first time, the second phase has begun - specific - in which immunoglobulin antibodies work.

You should not bring down the temperature if it does not exceed 38.5 ° C. Giving a child with a cold an antipyretic and then an antiviral drug, you first “forbid” his body to produce interferon, and then try to slip a replacement for this protein or artificially spur its synthesis.

The effectiveness of immunostimulating antiviral drugs for children raises even more questions. Normal immunity does not need stimulation, it does not need to be “raised”, it stands in its place. Hyperactivation of immunocompetent cells threatens the development of unpredictable complications: oncological and autoimmune diseases. In the first case, healthy cells mutate and multiply abnormally fast, and in the second case, lymphocytes and macrophages attack the tissues of their own body.

If a child has a family history of cancer or autoimmune diseases (leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis), he should never be given immunostimulants without a doctor's prescription!

So, is it necessary to give the child antiviral agents during seasonal epidemics of influenza and SARS? If the baby is often sick and skips kindergarten, it makes sense to purchase interferon at the pharmacy to strengthen local immunity as soon as you learn about the outbreak of colds among his classmates. An older child who is already going to school can be given Remantadin as a preventive measure.

As for the situation when the child is already sick, then you need to run not to the pharmacy for pills, but to the doctor for an appointment, especially when it comes to babies. Distinguish a bacterial infection from a viral one "by eye", according to the symptoms, no parent will be able to. Under the general concept of "cold" there are many potentially dangerous diseases of various etiologies that require laboratory diagnostics and a targeted approach to treatment. And buying more and more pills: antiviral drugs, immunostimulants and even antibiotics in the hope that the child will finally get over a protracted cold is not only wasteful, but also criminal in relation to his health.

Antiviral drugs for children under 1 year

Anaferon for children (sublingual tablets)

Active substance: Affinity purified antibodies to human gamma interferon

Indications and dosage: For the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections

Children over 1 month old: 1 tablet per day, for treatment: during the first two hours from the onset of symptoms, 1 tablet every 30 minutes, then 1 tablet 3 times a day.

Lactose intolerance (an auxiliary component of the drug) No side effects have been identified.

Approximate price (rub.): 180-250

Viferon (rectal suppositories)

Analogs: Kipferon

Active substance: Interferon alfa-2b recombinant, suppositories

150,000 IU, 500,000 IU,

Indications and dosage: For viral and bacterial infections.

Children under 7 years old, including newborns and premature babies, 1 suppository 150,000 IU 3 times a day every 8 hours for 5 days;

Children over 7 years old: 1 suppository 500,000 IU 2 times a day every 12 hours for 5 days.

Contraindications and side effects:

Allergic reactions in the form of skin itching and rash are possible.

Approximate price (rub.): 250-900

Immunoflazid (syrup)

Analogues: Proteflazid, Flavozid.

Active substance: Extract of pike soddy and ground reed grass.

Indications and dosage: With SARS and influenza twice a day for 2 weeks

Children under one year old: 0.5 ml;

Children 1-2 years old: 1 ml;

Children 2-4 years old: 1.5 ml;

Children 4-6 years old: 3 ml;

Children 6-9 years old: 5 ml;

Children 9-12 years old: 6 ml.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to the components of the drug, gastric and duodenal ulcers, autoimmune diseases.

Possible vomiting, headache, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, fever.

Approximate price (rub.): 160-270

Interferon (lyophilizate)

Analogues: Lokferon, Inferon.

Active substance: Human leukocyte interferon.

Indications and dosage: With SARS and influenza, the solution is applied intranasally.

Children under 1 month: 3 drops per flagella, insert into the nostrils for 10 minutes 4-6 times a day; Children under 1 year: 1 drop in each nasal passage 4-6 times a day;

Children over 1 year: 3-5 drops no more than 6 times a day.

Contraindications and side effects: Leukocyte donor interferon is more dangerous than recombinant (artificial) in terms of allergies, side effects and unwanted interactions.

Possible skin rash, headache, nausea, drowsiness, fever.

Approximate price (rub.): 100-250

Nazoferon (nosal drops and spray)

Analogues: Grippferon

Active substance: Interferon alpha-2b human recombinant.

Indications and dosage: With SARS and influenza

Children under 1 year: 1 drop in each nostril 5 times a day;

Children 1-3 years old: 2 drops or 1 injection 4 times a day;

Children 3-14 years old: 3 drops or 2 sprays 5 times a day.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to interferons, autoimmune diseases, severe forms of allergies.

Allergic reactions are possible in the form of skin itching, rash, sneezing, lacrimation.

Approximate price (rub.): 170-300

Oksolin (ointment)

Active substance: Naphthalene-1,2,3,4-tetron (oxoline).

Indications and dosage: With rhinitis of viral etiology and for the prevention of influenza.

For children of any age, lubricate the nasal passages 2-3 times a day.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to oxolin.

Possible burning in the nose and rhinorrhea.

Approximate price (rub.): 60-100

Thymogen (solution and nasal spray)

Active substance: Alpha Glutamyl Tryptophan Sodium.

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections 1 time per day.

Children under 1 year old: 1 drop of solution in each nasal passage;

Children 1-6 years old: 1 spray in any nostril;

Children 7-14 years old: 1 spray in each nostril.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to thymogen, autoimmune diseases.

Allergic reactions are possible, with a tenfold excess of the dosage, a flu-like syndrome sometimes develops.

Approximate price (rub.): 270-350

Ergoferon (sublingual tablets)

Active substance: Antibodies to human gamma interferon affinity purified, antibodies to histamine affinity purified, antibodies to CD4 affinity purified.

Indications and dosage: For the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

For children from 6 months during the first 2 hours, the drug is given every 30 minutes, then during the first day 3 more times at regular intervals. From the second day onwards, 1 tablet 3 times a day. For the prevention of viral infectious diseases - 1 tablet per day.

Contraindications and side effects:

Approximate price (rub.): 280-360.

Antivirals for children 1 to 2 years of age

Immunal (solution, tablets)

Analogues: Immunorm, Estifan, Echinacin Liquidum, Echinacea Geksal

Active substance: Echinacea purpurea juice.

Indications and dosage: To strengthen the immune system in uncomplicated acute viral infections.

Children over 1 year old:

1 ml of solution 3 times a day.

Attention: the tablets are intended for children over 4 years of age.

Contraindications and side effects: Systemic and autoimmune diseases, allergy to plants of the Compositae family. Possible skin rash, dizziness, bronchospasm, shortness of breath, anaphylactic shock.

Approximate price (rub.): 300-400.

Imupret (solution, dragee)

Active substance: Alcohol-water solution or dry extract of marshmallow root, horsetail herb, yarrow and dandelion, chamomile flowers, walnut leaves, oak bark.

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections, acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Children from 1 to 2 years old: 5 drops 3 times a day for 1-3 weeks.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

In rare cases, allergic reactions may develop.

Approximate price (rub.): 350-480.

Orvirem (syrup)

Analogues: (Remavir 20) (powder)

Active substance: Rimantadine hydrochloride.

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of influenza type A.

Children from 1 year: 10 ml (2 teaspoons) of syrup 3 times a day on day 1; on days 2 and 3, 10 ml 2 times a day; on the 4th day 10 ml 1 time per day.

Attention: rimantadine tablets are allowed for children from 7 years of age.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to rimantadine, liver and kidney disease, epilepsy.

Possible skin rash, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flatulence, dizziness, insomnia.

Approximate price (rub.): 250-400.

Tamiflu (powder, capsules)

Active substance: Oseltamivir phosphate.

Indications and dosage: For the treatment and prevention of influenza A and B viruses.

Children from 1-2 years old: 1 dose (12 mg / ml) of a suspension prepared from a powder or an opened capsule 2 times a day;

course of treatment 10 days

Attention: it is possible to use from 6 months for special indications.

Contraindications and side effects: End-stage renal failure, hypersensitivity to oseltamivir.

Possible nausea, vomiting, headache, insomnia, convulsions, increased nervous irritability, depression.

Approximate price (rub.): 1200-1500.

Cytovir-3 (syrup, capsules, powder)

Active substance: Sodium alpha-glutamyl tryptophan (thymogen), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), bendazole hydrochloride (dibazole).

Indications and dosage: In order to prevent and as part of the complex therapy of influenza and SARS.

Children from 1 year: 2 ml of syrup 3 times a day for 4 days in a row.

Attention: the capsules are intended for children over 6 years of age.

Contraindications and side effects: Thrombophlebitis, severe hypotension, diabetes mellitus, stomach ulcer, urolithiasis.

Possible urticaria and a short-term decrease in blood pressure.

Approximate price (rub.): 300-800.

Antiviral drugs for children from 3 years

Alpizarin (tablets, ointment)

Active substance: Tetrahydroxygluco-pyranosylxanthene.

Indications and dosage: As part of the complex therapy of the herpes virus, chickenpox, lichen, cytomegalovirus.

Children 3-6 years old: 1/2 tab. 3 times a day.

Children 6-12 years old: 1 tab. 3 times a day for 5-21 days.

Ointment is allowed from 1 year.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to lactose, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Price (rub.): 90-250.

Arbidol (tablets, capsules powder)

Analogues: Arpeflu, Arpetolid, Arpetol, Immustat.

Active substance: Umifenovir (methylphenylthiomethyl-dimethylaminomethyl-hydroxybromindole carboxylic acid ethyl ester).

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, as part of the complex therapy of rotavirus intestinal infections.

Children 3-6 years old: 50 mg 1-3 times a day;

Children 6-12 years old: 100 mg 1-3 times a day;

Children over 12 years old: 200 mg 1-3 times a day.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to umifenovir.

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 130-300.

Hyporamine (tablets, ointment)

Active substance: Sea buckthorn leaf extract.

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza A and B, adenovirus and cytomegalovirus infections, herpes, lichen, chickenpox

Children 3-12 years old: 1 tablet 2-3 times a day;

Children over 12 years old: 1 tablet 3-4 times a day.

Ointment - from 1 month.

Contraindications and side effects: Hypersensitivity to the active ingredient of the drug.

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 130-180.

Groprinosin (tablets)

Analogues: Isoprenosine

Active substance: Inosine pranobex (compound of inosine with 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol-4-acetylaminobenzoate in a ratio of one to three).

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of SARS, influenza, herpes, lichen, measles, chickenpox, papillomas, mononucleosis, cytomegaly, molluscum contagiosum

Children from 3 years old: 1/2 tablet (50 mg) for every 5 kg of weight per day for 3-4 doses.

Contraindications and side effects: Urolithiasis, gout, arrhythmia, severe renal failure, body weight less than 15 kg.

Possible nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, itching, polyuria, insomnia, headache, weakness.

Price (rub.): 2200-3000.

Kagocel (tablets)

Active substance: Kagocel (copolymer of gossypol with carboxymethyl cellulose).

Indications and dosage: For the treatment and prevention of SARS, influenza, herpes virus

Children 3-6 years old: the first 2 days, 1 tab. 2 times a day, then 1 tab. 2 more days per day;

Children over 6 years old: the first 2 days, 1 tab. 3 times a day, then 1 tab. 2 times a day for 2 days.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual lactose intolerance, hypersensitivity to the active ingredient of the drug.

Local and general allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 220-280.

Flacoside (tablets)

Active substance: Extract of Amur velvet leaves and Laval velvet.

Indications and dosage: For the treatment of herpes viruses, hepatitis, measles, lichen, chickenpox.

Children 3-6 years old: 0.05-0.1 g 2-3 times a day.

Children over 6 years old: 0.1 g 2-3 times a day, course of treatment 7-21 days.

Contraindications and side effects: Acute liver failure, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, cholestasis.

In rare cases, allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 180-250.

Antiviral drugs for children from 4-7 years old

Amiksin (tablets)

Analogues: Lavomax, Tilaxin, Tiloram.

Active substance: Tiloron

Indications and dosage: With SARS and influenza,

Children over 7 years old: 60 mg (1 tablet) 1 time per day for 3 consecutive days. Heading dose - 180 mg (3 tablets), in case of a complicated infection - 240 mg (4 tablets).

Contraindications and side effects: Hypersensitivity to tilorone.

Dyspeptic disorders, chills, allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 500-700.

Active substance: Vitaglutam (imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic acid).

Indications and dosage: With SARS and influenza

Children from 7 years old: 1 capsule (60 mg) 1 time per day for 5-7 days from the onset of symptoms of the disease.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to Vitaglutam.

Allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 420-550.

Polyoxidonium (tablets, suppositories, lyophilisate)

Active substance: Azoximer bromide

Indications and dosage: As part of the complex therapy of acute and chronic diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi.

Children from 6 years: inside, parenterally, intranasally or rectally. Doses, method and scheme of application are set by the doctor depending on the diagnosis.

Contraindications and side effects: Hypersensitivity to polyoxidonium.

Allergic reactions and pain at the injection site are possible if the parenteral route of treatment is chosen.

Price (rub.): 720-950.

Relenza (powder with included inhaler)

Active substance: Zanamivir

Indications and dosage: For the treatment and prevention of influenza type A and B.

Children over 5 years: 2 inhalations (5 mg) 2 times a day for 5 days from the first symptoms.

Contraindications and side effects: Individual intolerance to zanamivir, history of bronchospasm.

Local and general allergic reactions, suffocation are possible.

Price (rub.): 960-1500.

Remantadine (tablets, dragees, syrup)

Active substance: Remantadine hydrochloride.

Indications and dosage: For the prevention and treatment of SARS and influenza

Children from 7 years old: 5 mg of rimantadine for each kg of body weight 1 time per day. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 150 mg.

Contraindications and side effects: Acute and chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys, thyrotoxicosis, hypersensitivity to rimantadine.

Possible nausea, allergic reactions, dry mouth, headache, insomnia.

Price (rub.): 40-300.

Ridostin (lyophilisate)

Active substance: Sodium salt of Saccharomyces serevisiae double-stranded ribonucleic acid.

Indications and dosage: For the treatment and prevention of influenza, SARS and herpes

Children from 7 years of age: intramuscularly, 8 mg of lyophilisate per 1 ml of 0.5% procaine solution, is administered once, then after 2 days, subject to persistent fever, maximum 2-4 injections per course.

Contraindications and side effects: Severe diseases of the liver and kidneys, individual intolerance.

There may be a short-term increase in temperature after the injection.

Price (rub.): 650-1300.

Cycloferon (tablets, solution, liniment)

Active substance: Meglumine acridone acetate

Indications and dosage: For the treatment of influenza, SARS and herpes

Children 4-6 years old: 1 tablet 1 time per day;

Children 7-11 years: 2 tablets 1 time per day;

Children from 12 years old: 3 tablets 1 time per day.

Contraindications and side effects: Cirrhosis of the liver, individual intolerance.

Allergic reactions are possible.

Price (rub.): 120-400

What antiviral drugs should not be given to children?

There are a number of effective antiviral drugs that are not recommended for children, either due to insufficient knowledge of the effect on the growing body, or because of the high likelihood of unwanted side effects.

Adapromine - A-Propyl-1-adamantyl-ethylamine hydrochloride, has antiviral activity against influenza A / H / 3N2 and B viruses;

Amantadine ( Midantan, Neo Midantan, Gludantan, PK-Merz) - Adamantane-1-amine, has antiviral and antiparkinsonian effects;

- 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-iodopyrazolone, produces anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and interferonogenic effects, approved for use in children over 14 years old;

Neovir - sodium oxodihydroacridinyl acetate, is used as an immunostimulating agent in the combination therapy of a wide range of diseases of viral etiology;

Ribavirin (Trivorin) - 1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyloxolan-2-yl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, is used to treat viral hepatitis;

Triazavirin - sodium salt of 2-methylthio-6-nitro-1,2,4-triazolo-1,2,4-triazin-7-one dihydrate, is prescribed for influenza only to patients over 18 years of age.

However, among the antiviral drugs allowed for children, which you see in the tables above, there are medicines in respect of which compromising information has appeared in recent years. We are talking about scientific research conducted in a double-blind environment.

A large group of patients with the same diagnosis is taken and divided into subgroups according to the number of drugs tested + one subgroup for placebo. During the entire experiment, neither the patients themselves, nor even the doctors who give them the pills, know where the drug is, and where the dummy is. At the end of the study, data on this is disclosed, and an analysis of the effectiveness and side effects of the tested medicines is carried out.

So, most of the modern antiviral drugs for children have not been tested in this way at all. And among the tested drugs, there were those that did not show any effectiveness or even showed a harmful effect on the body of the tested people. Why is this happening?

Because pharmaceuticals is a huge business with billions in profits. And viral infections are the cause of epidemics. Some antiviral drugs in developed countries are lobbied at the government level and purchased by the ton with government money whenever the world is overwhelmed by another epidemic of "bird" or "swine" flu.

Does this mean that you need to ignore the recommendation of the pediatrician when he prescribes an antiviral for your child? Of course not, but you will be much more comfortable if you know all the compromising information currently available about some of these drugs. Fortunately, there are very few of them.

This drug was banned in the United States even at the stage of animal testing in the 80s of the last century. In experimental mice, retinal detachment, liver lipidosis and other serious pathologies were observed. In the countries of the European Union, antiviral drugs based on tilorone are also not used.

In open sources, there are results of testing this substance in humans: in a small group of 14 patients, tilorone caused retinopathy and keratopathy in two. True, destructive changes in the eye tissues were reversible and did not lead to fatal consequences for vision.

The most fair conclusion from here is the following: tilorone is not well studied today (as, in fact, human immunity) to judge with confidence the safety and effectiveness of Amiksin and its analogues.

The active substance of this drug, umifenovir, was invented in Russia. Foreign researchers were actively interested in the novelty and conducted research: in 2004 in China, in a group of 230 patients with acute respiratory viral infections, the effectiveness of umifenovir was not confirmed (he lost to Tamiflu and Ingaverin in all respects). Domestic testing, which took place in 2008, showed that Arbidol stops the development of a viral infection in the human body worse at the first stage of the disease than Viferon (suppositories with recombinant interferon alpha).

However, in 2010, Arbidol was included by the Government of the Russian Federation in the list of vital and essential drugs, first as an immunostimulant. And then, when in 2013 WHO recognized umifenovir as a direct-acting antiviral substance and assigned it the international code J05AX13, Arbidol acquired the status of an effective antiviral drug in our country.

A large-scale test of Arbidol, despite the presence of very serious sponsors, has not yet been carried out for unknown reasons. In recent years, the events around this drug have acquired the character of an action-packed epic: protests by independent doctors, accusations in the state lobby, reviews of some patients about the undoubted effectiveness of Arbidol, and others about its complete uselessness ... Time passes, but the discussion continues.

Previously, this substance was used as a radioisotope label during instrumental studies of human body fluids. And now it is being actively promoted to the Russian market as an antiviral drug.

The first report on the antiviral activity of Yodantipyrin and other pyrazolone compounds at the preclinical stage was published by Professor Saratikov (Head of the Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk).

The leadership of the Central Clinical Hospital in Ufa states that there have been successful trials of Yodantipirin against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. However, the drug has not passed full-fledged clinical trials either in Russia or abroad, and it is not certified as an antiviral agent.

The active substance of this drug is the sodium salt of the copolymer of gossypol with carboxymethylcellulose. Gossypol itself is a yellow pigment, a toxic polyphenol derived from cotton. The contraceptive properties of gossypol have been studied in the world for a long time, it was found that this substance stops spermatogenesis. In particular, China had high hopes for it, planning to develop a male oral contraceptive based on it. But to achieve a reversible contraceptive effect, you need 10-20 mg of gossypol per day, while the result is visible only after a very long time of use - from 2 to 18 months. The revolution in male contraception did not take place. The possibilities of gossypol in oncology are now being actively studied, since this polyphenol has a powerful antitumor effect.

It is wrong to fear the harm of Kagocel only on the basis that it is related to a toxic substance. There is no free gossypol in the composition of Kagocel, it is a sodium salt that has completely different physico-chemical properties than polyphenol. But in fairness, it must be said that this antiviral drug is not used either in Western Europe or in the USA; it does not appear in the official list of WHO drugs. And although in Russia Kagocel is actively recommended for influenza and SARS for both adults and children, there is no evidence of the safety of this medicine for children of preschool and school age, clinical studies in this age category have not yet been conducted.

First of all, it should be understood that oseltamivir and zanamivir are only effective against influenza A and B viruses, they are useless against other SARS. These two substances are enzyme inhibitors, with the help of which influenza virus particles try to dissolve cell membranes and enter the human body. Science has proven that Tamiflu and Relenza are really useful during a flu epidemic, but only if you start taking the medicine for prevention or at the first sign of a cold.

Relenza and Tamiflu, in addition to the very high price, have another significant drawback: their side effects can develop into a flu-like syndrome, which makes diagnosis difficult. In other words, the doctor does not understand why the patient has nausea and fever - from the flu itself, or from pills against it. But this is not the most unpleasant.

Since 2004, medical sources began to appear information about neuropsychiatric disorders among patients taking Tamiflu: anxiety, insomnia, nightmares, convulsions, psychosis, suicidal tendencies. For example, in Japan, there were 54 deaths, 16 of which were in the 10-19 age group. Moreover, 15 out of 16 young people who took Tamiflu committed suicide, 1 got hit by a car. In all other cases, death occurred from kidney failure, which, however, could develop due to severe influenza. Let's not forget that 54 people is statistically insignificant, given the population of Japan and the widespread prevalence of this antiviral drug.

In 2014, the results of almost fifty studies of Tamiflu and Relenza were published, in which a total of about 24 thousand people took part worldwide.

The conclusions are as follows:

Tamiflu somewhat reduces the risk of human-to-human transmission of influenza when used prophylactically;

Symptoms of the disease in adults are observed for 6 days instead of 7 days without treatment, in children this interval is not shortened at all;

The drug does not prevent the development of influenza complications;

Oseltamivir and zanamivir are recognized as quite toxic to the body, nausea and vomiting often occur in both adults and children;

Long-term use of these drugs for prophylactic purposes is fraught with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and deterioration of kidney function.

Based on the data received, an international group of experts in evidence-based medicine called on the governments of the world's leading countries to stop the bulk purchases of Tamiflu and Relenza. By the way, in 2009 the United Kingdom and the United States purchased about 40 million packages of these drugs in connection with the swine flu epidemic. Perhaps this is the most striking example of a government lobby in the entire history of the pharmaceutical industry.

Can antibiotics be taken with antivirals?

Antibiotics are either bactericidal (kill bacteria and microbes) or bacteriostatic (prevent them from multiplying). And antiviral drugs for children and adults are designed to fight a non-cellular form of life - a virus that has a completely different structure and principles of pathogenic effects on the human body. Antibiotics are powerless against viruses, but some antiviral agents may be helpful for a bacterial infection. We are talking about drugs that enhance nonspecific immunity, because it helps us fight against "uninvited guests" of any type, be it a virus, bacterium or even a fungus. But they are called accordingly: immunostimulating, and not just antiviral.

This is interesting: How to distinguish a viral infection from a bacterial one? In the first case, the disease debuts with a sharp rise in temperature and aching throughout the body. Respiratory symptoms are connected in 2-3 days. And in the second case, the disease manifests itself first with pain when swallowing, and the temperature may not rise at all.

Since some antibiotics lead to a decrease in immunity, destroying healthy cells along with bacteria, the body weakened by long-term antibiotic therapy can become an easy target for the virus. The opposite is also true: a person with a viral infection is more vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria that can provoke a formidable complication of SARS:,.

From here we come to the conclusion: it is possible to take antibiotics and antiviral drugs at the same time and even necessary, but only in the case of the development of the so-called "superinfection", when a viral disease is complicated by an inflammatory process of a bacterial nature, and vice versa. Parallel therapy is always justified, for example, in the case of HIV, because in conditions of immunodeficiency people are affected by tuberculosis, sepsis and other opportunistic infections, which lead to death.

When prescribing antibiotics and antiviral drugs to children together, pediatricians are guided by the nature and dynamics of pathogenesis, the immune status of a small patient, the data of his medical record, and also necessarily take into account the phenomenon of drug antagonism. Not all antibacterial agents go well with antiviral agents, but there are also drugs that have long been successfully used in the complex therapy of complicated and mixed infections.

One thing you can know for sure: if the doctor diagnosed your child with tonsillitis (tonsillitis) and at the same time prescribed an antiviral drug (not an immunostimulant!), He is either incompetent or financially interested in the well-being of the local pharmacy. And if the doctor diagnosed the baby with “uncomplicated SARS” and at the same time prescribed an antibiotic, then he is simply a criminal, because such therapy will not help recovery, but will only kill the beneficial microflora and reduce the effectiveness of this antibiotic in the future, when it can really be vital.

Education: Diploma in the specialty "General Medicine" received at the Volgograd State Medical University. He also received a certificate of a specialist in 2014.

Among all the issues that occupy the minds of young parents, an important place is occupied by the issue of collecting a first-aid kit for a child. What should be in it? What medicines are most effective for children, and how to prepare for emergencies in order to be fully prepared.

Children's medicines

First of all, you need to make a reservation that the ideal medicine for a baby is a medicine that suits his age and physical condition, which can be taken whole, dissolved in a liquid or added to food, which makes it easier to use it for treating children. Children's medicines differ from medicines intended for adults, firstly, by the speed of excretion of the drug from the body. In children, the kidneys are in the developmental stage, so the active substances of the drugs must be quickly excreted from the body. Secondly, the drug should be as effective as possible, have a quick therapeutic effect and maintain a therapeutic effect for a long time. Plus, children's medicines should have a form that is convenient for taking (it is better if they are syrups, potions, drops, suspensions). This will help to avoid psychological problems, and your baby will not be afraid of the medicine.

• When buying medicines for children, carefully study the packaging, follow the date of manufacture, the period and storage conditions of the drugs.
• Do not buy pills for children for future use and without a doctor's prescription, except for those in which you are completely sure.
• Accurately observe the dosage and duration of the course of treatment.
• When buying medicines, check the presence of an insert describing the use of the selected medicine.
• Do not leave bottles and plates with tablets open and in the wrong place.
• Keep all medicines out of the reach of your baby.
• Get in the habit of regularly reviewing your home first aid kit, every 3-4 months, get rid of expired drugs without regret.

List of medicines for children

If your child is sick, you should immediately call the pediatrician. But even before his arrival, parents can independently begin treatment with symptomatic drugs. However, it is not always possible for you to run to the pharmacy, so it is advisable to have at least a minimal list of medicines for children at home. The following list of medicines for children is approximate, its content will vary depending on the individual characteristics of your baby.

1. Antipyretic drugs for children under one year old - candles (Viburkol, Eferalgan, Cefekon) or syrups (for example, Nurofen). Each mother has her own proven way to reduce the temperature. However, remember that doctors recommend bringing down the temperature only above 37.5 ° C, up to this point it is believed that the child's body can handle itself. And one more thing: in no case should you give your child aspirin, as it has a very bad effect on cardiac activity and can cause serious illness. The main active ingredient to combat fever is paracetamol.
2. Anti-cold - drops "Nazivin", "Nafthyzin", "Sanorin", "Vibrocil" - from a cold, any saline solution such as "Aquamaris", "Humer", "Otrivin" - for washing the nose, syrup "Gedelix" or "Alteika" , Lizak tablets - for cough and sore throat, Otipax drops - for ear pain.
3. Remedies for sore throat - lozenges "Lizak", "Pectusin", "Doctor Mom", sprays "Rotokan", "Geksoral", Lugol's solutions and furatsilina for rinsing.
4. Cough remedies. As a rule, a cough is only a symptom of an underlying disease, so there is no specific cough medicine. Any cough medicine for children is designed to eliminate a specific symptom: for example, expectorants that collect sputum from the walls of the bronchi and bring them out (Gedelix, Gerbion, Ambrobene, Lazolvan, Alteyka syrups); for liquefaction of sputum - tablets "Pektusin", "Mukaltin", "Lazolvan", "Ambrohexal", "Linkas", "Tussin". Doctor Mom syrup and tablets have an anti-inflammatory effect, it can also be used in the form of an ointment.
5. Remedies for poisoning and pain in the gastrointestinal tract - activated charcoal, Smecta powder - these are adsorbents that are needed in case of an intestinal infection or poisoning; "Mezim", "Festal" - with "overload" of the stomach and intestines; "Regidron" or "Gastrolit" - from fluid loss in case of diarrhea and vomiting; Dufalac drops, buckthorn bark, senna leaf or suppositories - for constipation. A medicine for diarrhea for children by the type of enterosorbents ("Micromorba", "Enterosgel", "Smekta") must be in your first aid kit, since quick and timely treatment for diarrhea in a baby plays a key role. The main task is to neutralize toxins and remove them from the body as soon as possible. If the baby is badly affected by diarrhea, then to restore the microflora of his intestines, it is necessary to take a course of taking bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (drops "Hilak", "Linex", "Lactulose"). In the first-aid kit for babies, in addition to these drugs, there should be remedies for gaziki ("Espumizan", "Hepibaby", "Sub-Simplex").
6. Antiallergic and antihistamine medicines - drops and ointment "Fenistil", tablets "Suprastin", "Claritin", "Zirtek", "Tavegil" and others.
7. Sedatives - tinctures of motherwort, valerian, peppermint, lemon balm, calendula, rose hips and hawthorn, Novopassit, Persen tablets, but this is more for mom.
8. A separate question is whether a cure for worms is needed for children. Doctors agree that if the child has no complaints, and you see that everything is fine, then nothing needs to be given for prevention. If there are any signs of infection with helminths, then you should definitely consult a doctor, since almost all medicines for worms have a large number of side effects and have a strong toxic effect, so you can’t prescribe them yourself! Today, doctors for the treatment of children from worms use the following drugs - Pirantel, Vermox, Vormil, Dekaris, Nemozol. The only more or less harmless remedy for worms is pumpkin seeds, they are tasty and have a good anthelmintic effect. And therefore, if something worries you or you definitely want to undergo worm prevention, for example, before kindergarten or after any trips, make an appointment with a doctor, take the necessary tests so as not to harm your baby.
9. Medicines for burns and cuts - ointments "Panthenol", "Bepanten", "Dexpanthenol" - for children from the first days of life; ointment "Levomekol" - from 1 year.
10. Additionally - iodine, hydrogen peroxide, sterile bandages, plasters, pipettes, an aspirator (or a small rubber bulb No. 1 for babies), electronic and mercury thermometers, cotton wool, syringes, baby cream, wet wipes, ear cleaning sticks, diaper powder.

Well, it seems that's all! Although we, of course, wish you that neither you nor your kids need anything from the above list. Be healthy!

Everything is possible, and in this case it really is. Wise parents long ago developed a certain scheme, following which you can avoid children's tantrums, and the nerves of adults will remain in order. Let's consider these methods.

Topical advice on how to treat a child with a drug

It is important that before using this or that drug, be sure to read the instructions. It is necessary to pay attention to the described contraindications, as well as all kinds of side effects, in order to be aware. You should explain in an accessible language that your baby will understand why you are offering him this medicine and what it is for. Any child shows great interest in the nature of their origin, and everything connected with it arouses their curiosity. Thus, there is a much greater chance that your baby will still drink the medicine himself, voluntarily.

Taking a drug can be turned into an extraordinary game. If you have a rich imagination, then it will not be difficult for you to come up with something like that. You can, for example, tell a kid a fairy tale about microbes who want to take over the body and about drug heroes who want to rush to help. Thus, the child will definitely be interested in such an interesting event, and will definitely want to help good heroes.

Many parents have heard more than once that when taking medications to reduce the possible risk of irritation of the gastric mucosa, it is necessary to drink them with milk. All specialists in this field, as well as pediatricians, recommend taking any medicines, including medicines, suspensions, tablets and capsules, only with freshly boiled water at a neutral temperature. If desired, the water can be sweetened to make it more palatable for the baby. And in the event that the medicine is too bitter, you can make a weak sweet tea.

For children under three years of age: lies to the rescue

Of course, it is possible to agree on a voluntary consent to take this or that medicine only with children whose age suggests that they will undoubtedly understand you. But what about younger children? In this case, the medicine should be given fraudulently, that is, by cunning.

More difficulty in adults is the use of drugs in the form of tablets. The fact is that children at a younger age simply do not know how to drink them. And in the event that somehow you manage to persuade the baby to take the pill, there will be a possibility of vomiting. For this very reason, doctors recommend grinding the tablets to a powder state. This process is not difficult to carry out. You can use teaspoons as improvised means, in one of which you should place a tablet, and grind it to a powder with a second spoon. Only one should take into account the fact that the spoons must be dry in order to achieve the best effect.

Such a powder obtained can be melted in any children's drink: tea or compote. It is worth noting that it is not recommended to use mineral water or juice for such purposes, since the drug may enter into chemical interaction with them. And the consequences of such a process may be different.

The powder must be very thoroughly mixed until completely dissolved. The medicine should not remain on the walls of the vessel after the child drinks the liquid. It is important to note that if your baby spit out part of the liquid along with the medicine, in no case should you add the drug, estimating the proportions by eye. In this case, there is a possibility of an overdose, which will lead to not the best results for the child's body. It would be more appropriate to wait for the next hour of taking the remedy and then make sure that the baby drinks everything to the end.

Please also note that it is strictly forbidden to deceive the baby about the taste of a medicine, such as a mixture or suspension, which cannot be dissolved in a sweet liquid. Indeed, in this case, the child may lose confidence in you and the next time it will be problematic to persuade the child to take the medicine.

With regard to various suspensions, they are currently prepared with the addition of various sweeteners and flavors, which is an advantage for parents, because in this way the child more readily agrees to their use. But in the event that a child develops an allergy after using such a drug, it is quite difficult to understand what exactly caused it, those same sweeteners or the remedy itself.

When it comes to medicines in the form of tablets, most parents resort to methods such as mixing the powder with jam, condensed milk or other sweet foods. After all, adults believe that in this way it will be easier for the child to drink this remedy. To some extent, they are right, but there is also a minus of this point of view. In the event that the taste of the medicine will interrupt the addition of the product itself, which you added, the child may experience a persistent aversion to such a product in the future. Therefore, it is categorically not worth mixing the drug into the mandatory foods for the children's menu, such as yogurt, cottage cheese or milk.

One of the most dangerous mistakes that parents can make is treating a small child with "adult" medicines: medicines intended for adults can only make the child worse. Therefore it is very important to know prohibited drugs which should not be given to children.

Prohibited medicines for children are not necessarily medicines that are officially prohibited for sale. Many of them can be bought at a pharmacy without a prescription, but it is absolutely impossible to give them to a child! One such drug is the well-known aspirin.. Firstly, acetylsalicylic acid increases vascular permeability against the background of temperature, which can provoke bleeding.

Secondly, aspirin can cause Reye's syndrome in some children- acute hepatic encephalopathy. This disease leads to damage to internal organs and the nervous system. Reye's syndrome is rare, but you can never tell if your child is predisposed to it or not. So do not expose your child to mortal danger - children under 12 cannot be given aspirin.

Prohibited drugs also include metamizole (analgin), pyryramidone (amidopyrine, amidophenazone), phenazone (antipyrine). Antipyretics such as paracetamol and ibuprofen are not prohibited, but it is advisable to give special "" with the content of these drugs, strictly observing the dosage.

Not a single antipyretic drug, even specifically designed for children, should not be given more than four times a day: this is a strong blow to the liver and kidneys of the child. If the drug does not help lower the temperature, you should immediately consult a doctor! And just in case, we recall that subfebrile temperature (below 38 degrees) cannot be knocked down.

Levomycetin and boric alcohol for otitis media. Some parents still instill alcohol preparations in their children's ears in the old fashioned way. But with such treatment, the likelihood of a burn is very high. The times when there were no alternatives to alcohol preparations are long gone. Now there are many soft, but effective drops in the ears, so the use of "primitive" drugs should be abandoned.

Any painkillers for abdominal pain - prohibited drugs. When a child says "my stomach hurts," it can mean anything from indigestion to appendicitis. Even an adult cannot always say exactly what exactly hurts him in the abdominal cavity, and even a child - even more so. Giving painkillers will only relieve the symptom, not fix the problem. Therefore, if the child complains of abdominal pain, call the doctor immediately.

Also for stomach problems do not give a solution of potassium permanganate inside, it is dangerous: potassium permanganate can cause a burn of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, it is poorly excreted from the body, and its accumulation in the body is dangerous. With diarrhea do not give reinforcers before consulting a doctor: if the cause of diarrhea is an infection, you will only make it worse.

Antibiotics without a doctor's prescription are also illegal drugs for children. Any antibiotic is a very strong drug that should not be given just like that. Prescribing antibiotics unnecessarily or exceeding the recommended dose is fraught with side effects and complications. Only a doctor can choose the right antibiotic and the right dose (which, by the way, is calculated not by age, but by the weight of the child). So until the arrival of the doctor - no antibiotics.

Also prohibited medicines for children include homeopathic medicines and hormonal pills. The purpose of homeopathic remedies is strictly individual and depends on many factors. The same applies to hormones - they can have an unpredictable effect on the growing body of a child. Any hormonal drugs can be prescribed only by a doctor, and usually only in a hospital setting.

In general, when treating a child, it is worth remembering two main things: never arbitrarily give a child potent drugs without a doctor's prescription and never treat a child “following the example of a neighbor”. If a medicine has helped someone else's child, there is no guarantee that it will help or even not harm yours. The body of each person is individual, so only a doctor can prescribe treatment!