Nausea when tired. Overwork

Update: December 2018

Constant fatigue, apathy, decreased performance attributed to the change of weather, lack of sleep, lack of vitamins. Doctors say: chronic overwork is a direct road to depression and reduced immunity. Consider overwork in detail: causes, symptoms and treatment. We will tell you how not to start yourself and quickly restore strength.

Overwork used to be understood as a condition associated with prolonged absence complete rest. Today, overwork is considered as a reaction of the body to constant or excessive stimuli of a mental, mental, physical nature.

The discrepancy between the severity and duration of work and rest time triggers this process. Unfavorable living conditions constant stress, poor nutrition aggravate the condition.

Depending on the causes, physical, nervous, mental overwork is distinguished: the last two types are similar in manifestations and often accompany each other. A variant is possible when both physical and mental overwork develops with mixed symptoms.

Fatigue is physiological state body, and overwork is pathological!

Fatigue

Overwork is preceded by fatigue, the symptoms of which are a signal to a person. Fatigue is a shift in the psycho-physiological state of the body and leads to a temporary decrease in labor efficiency. Fatigue from small loads, decreased performance, mood changes, more long time recovery and rest speak of fatigue. It's time to stop doing the work, reduce the intensity, take a break.

Physical overwork

Develops gradually. At first there is slight fatigue, not intense pain syndrome in the muscles. Symptoms go unnoticed, a person continues physical labor or sports, does not reduce the load, which leads to the height of physical overwork.

Symptoms of physical fatigue:

constant feeling of fatigue, after sleep, rest, massage;
increasing pain in the muscles: at rest, with tension;
restless sleep: waking up for no reason, difficulty falling asleep;
violation emotional background: apathy, lethargy or irritability;
discomfort, pain in the area of the heart;
tachycardia;
loss of appetite;
white coating on the tongue;
trembling of the protruding tongue;
weight loss;
in women - violation of the menstrual cycle.

Symptoms of overwork manifest themselves at work. It is not possible to fully and efficiently fulfill their professional duties.

Treatment

Available tools and methods that accelerate recovery from overwork.

Bath

An old Russian way to eliminate fatigue, recover from hard physical labor, increase efficiency, strengthen immunity. Multiplicity - 1-2 times a week, after the session - massage. You can not go to the bath immediately after the load, with feeling unwell, acute diseases and a number of other contraindications.

Baths

Water helps to "wash away" fatigue and the heavy burden of the day.

oxygen bath. Shown at physical fatigue, after injuries, with diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Procedure time - 7 minutes, per course - 15 procedures, daily;
vibration bath. It activates protective and recovery mechanisms, blood circulation, stabilizes metabolism, eliminates muscle fatigue. Procedure time - 3-5 minutes, per course - 15 procedures, daily;
pearl bath(with air bubbles passing under great pressure, water temperature 37 C). Promotes relaxation, eliminates nervous tension. Procedure time - 10 minutes, per course - 10-15 procedures;
pine bath. It has a calming effect, eliminates physical overwork. Procedure time - 10 minutes, 2 times a week, you can regularly;

Shower

If you don't have time to go to therapeutic baths, an ordinary shower will help:

hot shower with water temperature + 45 C has a tonic effect;
warm rain shower soothes, refreshes, eliminates muscle pain;
cascade shower increases muscle tone;
a contrast shower supports the body's performance, accelerates recovery.

Massage

A universal procedure that has a positive effect on the central and peripheral nervous system, heart, blood vessels, digestion, and metabolism. Massage duration: 10 minutes for each leg, 10 minutes for the back and neck, 10 minutes for each upper limbs, 10 minutes abdomen and chest.

What if there is no time for all these procedures?

Eliminate overload, do not give up the usual physical activities fully. Change activities, take a short vacation.
Walk daily on fresh air.
Eliminate nervous tension as much as possible (do not live with other people's problems, do not get nervous over trifles, etc.), see;
Review the diet: saturate the menu with fruits, vegetables, herbs, lean meats.

mental fatigue

It is often interpreted as ordinary fatigue. People take vacations, go to the sea, but the condition does not improve. Leads to the state:

continuous work at the computer (more than 8 hours a day);
periods of increased mental stress (reporting period, etc.);
a large amount of information received in a short time;
being under stress;
dissatisfaction with work, salary, etc.

Symptoms:

Primary	Secondary
Recurring headaches for no reason	Memory impairment, distraction
Feeling tired even after sleeping	Soreness of the axillary and cervical lymph nodes
Pale, grey colour faces	Increase in body temperature
Blue spots under the eyes	Depression, mood changes
fluctuations in blood pressure	Stomach ache
Redness of the sclera of the eyes (the main symptom of overwork from the computer)	Decreased appetite, weight loss
Sleep problems	Insomnia, night sweats

The aggravation of the condition is accompanied by vomiting, nausea, severe irritability, nervousness, loss of concentration, memory impairment. There are frequent acute respiratory infections and SARS.

There are 3 stages of development mental fatigue:

Light. Trouble falling asleep even with severe fatigue, feeling tired after a night's sleep, decreased physical, mental performance.
Medium . Added: heaviness in the heart, anxiety, fatigue. Trembling of the hands on slight exertion. heavy sleep With frequent awakenings, nightmares. Disorders at work digestive system: loss of appetite, blanching of the skin of the face, reddened sclera of the eyes. In men - a decrease in sexual desire, potency. In women, menstrual irregularities.
Heavy. Neurasthenia is manifested - increased excitability, irritation, lack of sleep at night, drowsiness at night. daytime, violation of the work of all organs and systems.

Stages 2 and 3 of overwork require treatment.

Treatment

The main principle of treatment is to reduce the loads of all types that led to the condition. How to recover from mental fatigue?

First stage. Complete rest 1-2 weeks including hiking outdoors, proper nutrition. Relaxing baths, aromatherapy sessions (mint,) will help. After this period, you can gradually add intellectual and physical activity, excluding overload. Recovery occurs in 2 weeks.
Second stage. Complete rejection of any intellectual activity: work with documents, reports, projects. Relaxing auto-training, massage, rest in a sanatorium are useful. Recovery occurs in 4 weeks.
Third stage. Hospitalization in a specialized medical institution: dispensary or specialized sanatorium. The first 2 weeks - rest and relaxation, the next 2 weeks - active sport. Intellectual loads can be introduced after 4 weeks in a very dosed manner. Full recovery takes 4 weeks.

With the development of the first signs of mental overwork, one should not wait for progression. Take a short vacation for 2-5 days, change the type of activity, engage in outdoor activities, auto-training. Other ways to relax are also suitable: a warm bath, yoga, outdoor recreation. Give up coffee, alcohol, normalize the mode of wakefulness and rest, eat well. It is important to establish a sexual life.

You can not prescribe yourself drug treatment: this can worsen the condition, because. with mental fatigue drug therapy not shown. Medicines prescribed in severe cases, with the development severe depression, neurosis.

Nervous exhaustion

Stress, emotional overload, negative emotions do not pass without a trace for the body and lead to nervous overwork. First symptoms nervous fatigue:

not passing fatigue;
insomnia at night and drowsiness during the day;
pessimism;
anxiety;
increased sensitivity to external stimuli;
tachycardia, jumps in blood pressure;
general symptoms of overwork: fever, pain in the legs, arms, back, discomfort in the stomach and intestines;
exacerbation of chronic diseases.

The person becomes impatient, irritable, anxious, insecure. Self-esteem falls, there are violations in the sexual sphere, memory worsens, the mood is stably depressed.

In the course of nervous overwork, three stages are distinguished:

hypersthenic: fussiness, irritability, understanding that there is a problem, but the inability to cope with it. Poor control over emotions, provocation of quarrels and conflicts. Headache, muscle pain, insomnia, decreased ability to work;
annoying weakness: irascibility, pessimism, anxiety. Pain in the heart, shortness of breath, allergic reactions;
hyposthenic: apathy, lack of interest in life, depressed mood, indifference.

Treatment is similar to mental overwork. It is important to eliminate the factors that led to the condition.

Overwork in children

it dangerous state leads to health problems. Overwork is most often preceded by a sharp fatigue. The reasons:

babies: violation of the regime of the day, problems with breastfeeding;
preschoolers: stressful situations, dysfunctional family environment, parents' excessive attempts to develop children in every possible way, to raise geniuses;
younger students: physical and mental stress, lesson overload, short night sleep;
older students: hormonal restructuring, high intellectual load, conflicts with peers.

The first symptoms of overwork in children are not expressed, which complicates the diagnosis. You should pay attention to:

moodiness / tearfulness for no apparent reason;
restless sleep, screaming in sleep, erratic swinging of legs and arms;
violation of concentration during classes, games.

There are three stages of overwork in children (classification according to Kosilov S.L.):

	Minor	Expressed	sharp
interest in the material	Lively interest, children ask questions	Weak. Children do not ask clarifying questions	Apathy, complete absence interest
Attention	Rarely distracted	Scattered. Children are often distracted	Weak. Reaction to new material missing
Pose	Fickle. Stretching of the legs and straightening of the torso are characteristic	Children often change positions, turn their heads to the sides, prop them up with their hands	Children constantly want to stretch out, lean back in their chair
movements	Accurate	Slow, insecure	Fussy, impaired fine motor skills, handwriting

In addition to the above, characteristic common signs fatigue: insomnia, daytime sleepiness, poor appetite, irritability, capriciousness, causeless fears, weakness and headaches. Children lose interest in learning, fall behind. Frequently join psychoemotional disorders: unpleasant facial expressions, antics, mimicking others, aggression. Obvious symptoms of overwork in adolescents: they begin to snap, be rude, ignore comments, requests from adults.

Treatment of overwork in children

If you do not start correcting this condition in a timely manner, everything can turn into a neurosis, vegetative dystonia, insomnia. Need A complex approach, it is better to contact a pediatrician and a psychologist who will prescribe sessions of auto-training, psychotherapy, massage, vitamin preparations. In parallel it follows:

adjust nutrition. No fast food, full and regular meals;
increase feasible physical activity and: sports, swimming, physiotherapy exercises;
be outdoors more often: active walks for 1.5-2 hours a day.

Prevention of overwork

Overwork is not a disease, but the approach is the same: it is easier to prevent it than to correct it later. sticking to simple recommendations, you will be able to stay active throughout the year, and there will be enough work leave to recuperate.

Have a good rest on weekends.
Do not overload your brain with TV, heavy music, other people's problems.
Change activities: if the main work is physical, do not neglect books at home, and vice versa.
Go in for sports: walking, jogging, morning work-out, swimming pool, bike.
Attend relaxing treatments: bath, sauna, swimming pool, massage.
Do not drink alcohol at the first sign of fatigue. Instead of relaxing, you yourself will bring into the body toxic substances and make the situation worse.

Think carefully about your vacation. I want to do everything at once. But if there are 3-4 days off, it is better to go out of town with your family, relax in nature, rather than go abroad for new experiences.

Parents must provide:

fresh air supply to the home: regular airing of premises;
daily walks: regardless of the weather, even if it is raining outside, you can breathe fresh air under a canopy;
good nutrition: more vegetables, fruits, greens, natural meat and dairy products;
quiet time before bed: reading a book, folding a puzzle, coloring;
observance of the daily routine: night sleep in a child should be at least 9-10 hours.

Knowing the symptoms of fatigue modern approaches to treatment and prevention, it is easy to prevent the transition border state into a disease. If not treated, acute condition will turn into chronic overwork - nervous or physical exhaustion, the symptoms of which are more serious. There are complications of a social nature, health problems, communication. The quality of life suffers greatly, and long-term serious illnesses are possible.

Take overwork seriously - this is not just fatigue, but a protracted pathological condition that can lead to illness. Observe the regime of the day, alternate periods of activity and rest, avoid overworking and overloading.

Overwork is pathological condition human body caused by constant (chronic) fatigue. There is probably no person in the world who has not suffered from overwork at least once in his life. In our rapidly changing world, people are suffering more and more from this disease.

Overwork- a state of mind and body, familiar to more than 90% of adults.

Below on the House of Knowledge you will learn what are the symptoms of overwork and how to deal with it.

Symptoms of fatigue.

First of all, a person feels depressed, lethargic, his coordination of movements, well-being, appetite and sleep worsen. Often a headache. But it also happens vice versa - excessive unhealthy nervous excitement. Such a person, as a rule, does not fall asleep well, disturbing memories emerge in his mind, and in the morning he feels overwhelmed. Working capacity is noticeably reduced and it is difficult for him to concentrate, and in order to remember something, an overworked person has to re-read the same thing several times.

For some, overwork disrupts functions internal organs and systems: heart rate increases, increases arterial pressure, sweating, discomfort in the heart, sometimes abdominal pain, nausea, burning sensation in the esophagus appear.

Physical exhaustion. Recovery after physical overwork.

I will say frankly: with physical overwork, pills or medicine will not help here.

paradox 1.
First of all, you should review your own daily routine, and sometimes work extra.

Instead of rest - to work?

Yes! And this is not the only paradox that you will have to face when overtired. It turns out that fatigue itself protects the body. It signals unfavorable changes, the need to immediately eliminate irritants.

Recovery in response to signals of fatigue is called restoration. It does not come immediately: breathing, for example, returns to normal faster than the pulse rate or blood pressure, even more slowly - the processes in the brain. The stronger the body is trained, the faster its normal state is restored.

paradox 2.
Another paradox: the way to improve performance is necessarily through ... fatigue. For example, if you don’t get tired during training, consider that your efforts were wasted - you won’t become stronger.

AT functional state A person after a workout is divided into three phases:

First phase- fatigue;
Second phase- restoration of the initial level;
Third phase- Improved well-being.

So, you should not be afraid of fatigue (overwork), but the inability to overcome it (I want to warn you: you can load the body only under the guidance of a trainer or doctor).

Mental fatigue. Recovery after mental fatigue.

Somewhat different features of mental activity and overwork of the brain. It is known that the intellectual load, no matter how strong it is, affects a relatively small part of nerve cells cerebral cortex. If, for example, you are tired after solving a problem in physics for a long time, this does not mean that the whole organism feels this way. Switch your attention to another activity, say, read a fiction book, and the tired area of \u200b\u200bthe cerebral cortex will return to a state of rest, at which time another part of the brain will start to work. After a while, fatigue disappears and you can return to physics again.

In order not to overwork the brain, it is useful to draw up a kind of mental work schedule every day, in which intense mental activity would alternate with activities of a different nature: drawing, music, reading art books, etc. All these activities relieve neuropsychic stress well.

And yet, the effectiveness of mental labor is best increased by active movements, physical exercises and labor.

Goethe said: The most valuable thoughts come to my mind when I walk".

Rousseau wrote about this: Walking to a certain extent enlivens and inspires my thoughts.".

Among the ancient Greeks, the need to combine mental and physical labor even became a proverb. About "nobodies" (people who can't do anything), they said: " He can't swim or write".

Modern Scientific research confirmed the deep rationality of such an alternation of classes. After all, our body complete system. By tensing your muscles, you increase your readiness to work nervous system, and it, in turn, activates the activity of the brain. So, doing physical work, gymnastic exercises, walking, running, playing sport games, that is, by rationally combining muscle tension with their subsequent relaxation, it is possible to successfully maintain a high working capacity of the intellect for a long time.

I hope now it is clear why there is no paradox in the fact that the doctor recommends that the patient work out of overwork, or rather, engage in other activities?

How to relieve excessive nervous tension?

After all, it also causes a lot of harm to our health, leads to a decrease in efficiency.

Again - in itself, nervous tension does not threaten anything. Modern dynamic life forces us to solve many problems every day, to choose the best from many options for actions and decisions, as a result of which several functional structures "compete" in the brain at the same time. And even two such "competitors" cause nervous tension.

It is bad only if it is excessive tension, unproductive. As a rule, it reminds of itself with an increase in anxiety and excitement. When such tension is caused predominantly by positive emotions, it is not difficult to overcome it. At negative emotions, for example, with fear, painful doubts, and the like, nervous tension intensifies, and the further, the more uneconomical the energy and functional resources of the brain are spent. In this case, chronic fatigue or overwork occurs.

Often the cause of excessive nervous tension is the habit, and even the need to simultaneously solve several problems, "split" attention and strength on them. The repetition of such situations, especially daily, is very unhealthy.

At a young age, the other extreme is also dangerous - constantly taking care of peace, avoiding difficulties and problems, the number of which will only increase every year. Those who grew up "sissy", it will not be easy to cope with them.

I remember a case when a young man, graduating from school, could not choose a profession to his liking. This irritated both him and his parents. Nervous tension increased every day. The guy walked depressed, increasingly felt tired and overtired. In order to somehow get rid of the discomfort, he decided to postpone the final choice of profession until later. After graduating from school, he got a job temporary work with good income. For a while, everything seemed to be in order. But after a few months, gloomy thoughts again began to annoy him, disturb him, and he could no longer help here. Finally, having cast aside doubts, he entered the technical school, which he liked best. But the nervous tension experienced earlier did not just go away in his student years. young man It took a long time to treat the neurosis.

Overwork- a condition that is increasingly encountered modern man. And although many still refer to this condition with irony, doctors have long included it in the classification of diseases. So, first of all, it should be understood that overwork is a disease with its own causes, symptoms, stages of development of the disorder, treatment and possible consequences.

However, if everything is more or less clear with the reasons (too long and hard labour, insufficient time and quality of rest, unfavorable working conditions, malnutrition, psycho-emotional stress, etc.), then signs of fatigue- the concept is more expansive. Many attribute this diagnosis to themselves after just one too hard day, while others, on the contrary, do not take it seriously. obvious symptoms disorders requiring immediate treatment. Meanwhile, in time to reveal external signs overwork is very important, since timely diagnosis will help to avoid severe systemic consequences.

Signs of overwork

Although the symptoms of this condition are too often interpreted in their own way, there are some objective signs of fatigue:

fatigue does not go away after several hours of rest (for example, in the morning after an 8-hour night's sleep);
persistent headaches for no apparent reason;
eye redness;
swelling and/or discoloration of the face;
inability to fall asleep despite being tired (especially early in the morning);
increased blood pressure;
irritability and nervousness;
scattered attention, memory impairment, inability to concentrate;
nausea, vomiting, risk of fainting;
emotional disorders.

It is easy to see that many of the signs of overwork in adults can manifest themselves in one way or another due to other diseases and disorders - this list does not contain unique symptoms that unambiguously indicate the diagnosis. For example, pressure, nausea, headaches, redness of the eyes may be clear signs hypertension or other heart disease vascular system, and swelling and discoloration of the skin of the face often indicate problems in the functioning of internal organs. Moreover, one should not forget about age-related changes which women especially notice. But each of the above symptoms is an objective sign of overwork, if it manifests itself in combination with others against the background of increased physical and mental stress (mainly due to hard work).

Consequences of overwork

Signs of fatigue and fatigue must constantly be in the zone of control of each of us, if only because the consequences of inattention to similar violations very serious. Among them it is worth noting:

a noticeable decrease in immunity and body resistance;
decrease in the accuracy of work and, as a result, much more high risk injuries and/or errors with serious consequences;
development of neurasthenia, hysteria and neuroses.

The best way to avoid these consequences is to get enough quality and quantity of rest before the first signs of physical and mental overwork appear. You can read about how to relax at the workplace in the article at the link. No less useful in this context will be the relaxation technique from the authors of our site, which will not save you from overwork, but will allow you to quickly relieve psychological stress.

The primary symptoms of fatigue are somewhat different due to the genesis of the process. If mental overstrain became the cause of the uncomfortable state, then an early sign of fatigue is reduced to:

To the deterioration of memory.
Problems to the speed of information processing.
It becomes difficult for a person to concentrate.
There is a feeling of emptiness and fog in the head.

The appearance of these symptoms is associated with prolonged and intense mental labor e.g. preparing a student for an exam, work related to permanent solution mental tasks.

If a professional activity of a person is associated with physical exertion, it can be hard physical work or monotonous work, even with a small load. For example, such a condition can be observed in a person working on an assembly line, in an athlete after a grueling workout, in a trucker after a long drive, and so on. An early sign of fatigue of this nature is manifested:

There is a desire to sleep.
Apathy.
Decreased performance:
- The man begins to work on the machine.
- If on initial stage the worker could perform several actions at the same time, for example, directly perform his professional actions, talk, look out the window, then, over time, his strength is only enough for work.
- Gradually, there is a failure in the coordination of movement and the body of the worker begins to spend more energy to do the same work.
- Labor productivity is falling.
- There is a loss of attention, it is more difficult for a person to concentrate on performing certain actions.
- The number of marriages is on the rise.
- As a result, this situation can lead to an accident.
There is a response to the fatigue of the autonomic system:
- Increased sweating.
- The need to breathe deeper and more often.
- Increased pulse.
- Hyperemia of the human skin.

There are frequent cases when fatigue comes from a combination of both physical and psychological (emotional) stress.

With loads of any kind, the state of the blood changes and the body needs to speed up its circulation in the vessels. This is the work of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, with increased physical activity, first of all, big job goes to the heart, as the volumes of the pumped medium increase, the volume of filling and emptying of the heart ventricles increases, while the body has to exert more effort and burn more reserves in order to get required amount energy to contract and straighten muscles.

In order to fulfill a certain physical action enough energy, it is supplied to tensing muscles more blood while its volumes are redistributed in the body. This is due to the reaction of the vessels: part of the capillaries narrows, while the other increases in cross section. In addition, the volumes of circulating plasma are replenished due to the pumping of blood from the so-called "repositories" - local expansions of blood vessels, which are mainly located in the lungs, liver and skin. If necessary, these vessels spasm and the blood located there is supplied to the general blood cycle.

Oxygen - the main element of nutrition and energy enters the body through the respiratory system. And if in calm state a person needs from 150 to 300 cubic centimeters of air per minute (depending on age and gender), then in the case of high physical activity, the body begins to consume this product 10 - 15 times more, that is, the volume of pulmonary ventilation increases.

With a high intensity of physical labor or its long monotony, there comes a moment when fatigue comes to the body. The person begins to feel signs of fatigue.

In physical and chemical terms early signs fatigue are:

Precipitation in muscle tissues lactic acid, toxins and other products of metabolic processes.
Inhibition of the vegetative-neuralgic system, a decrease in the ability to work in the nervous apparatus of the peripheral system.
"Fatigue" of the cortical part of the central nervous system.

To date, physicians consider the most probable theory of central cortical fatigue during the functioning of the muscles. The essence of the theory is that the appearance of signs of fatigue is a cortical defensive reaction body to physical overstrain by reducing the efficiency, primarily, of the cells of the cortical region.

Objective and subjective signs of fatigue

In medical monograms, representatives of this area human activity share objective and subjective signs of fatigue, which differ somewhat among themselves.

Objective signs of fatigue are:

Decreased sense of caution.
Decrease in labor productivity.
Ascertained physiological changes in the body:
- Perceptual disturbance.
- Acceleration of the heart rate.
- Increased respiration. It becomes superficial, but frequent.
- An increase in blood pressure.
- Change in the nature of response motility.
- Attention escapes.

Subjective signs of fatigue include:

General fatigue of the body, decreased tone of muscle activity.
Local feeling of fatigue. That is, a person feels fatigue in a direction, for example, in the lower or upper limbs.
There is a real desire to reduce the working rhythm or completely stop physical or mental activity.
During physical work, weakness and slight tremor appear directly in the limbs.

External signs of fatigue

Fatigue is physiological characteristic of the human body, which is a temporary decrease in the body's ability to fully function. Outwardly, the main symptom of fatigue is a deterioration in the quality of work and a decrease in its pace. Other external signs of fatigue are:

The shade of the skin is changing. Depending on the intensity of work, it can range from slightly pinkish to crimson-red (with pronounced cyanosis - a visible cyanosis).
Strengthening work sweat glands. With light intensity, these are insignificant droplets of sweat, localized mainly on the face in the frontal part. During heavy physical work, sweating is quite plentiful. At the same time, stains from salt, coming out together with sweat, can be observed on clothes.
Change respiratory rate. It can vary from evenly - speeded up to more rhythmic and intensely - speeded up. Raising and lowering the shoulders to the beat of breathing is added.
Failures in the coordination of movement. If at the beginning of work the movements of a person are coordinated and less energy is involved in their implementation, then in the subsequent movements they become more mismatched, swaying, tremors appear in the upper and / or lower limbs, there is no strength or desire for further movement.

If a person begins to feel tired or there are external signs of fatigue in a nearby person, it is worth suspending activity and taking a short break, allowing the body to at least partially recover.

Signs of fatigue and fatigue

What is fatigue and overwork? Fatigue is the physiological reaction of the body to the load applied to it. Overwork is a prolonged feeling of fatigue that occurs against the background of a lack of a long time of rest. So what are the signs of fatigue and overwork, and what is the difference between these two terms?

Fatigue is on the physical, psychological and emotional level depletion of the human body. Whereas overwork is a prolonged feeling of a feeling of exhaustion, that is, fatigue. The state of overwork is for many modern people constant feeling, due to our rhythm of life and constant presence in stressful condition. To a greater extent, this fact concerns residents of megacities. This situation is dangerous for human health, and in some cases, may not directly, and for his life.

Signs of fatigue and overwork are quite obvious and familiar to almost everyone.

Such a person is haunted by constant drowsiness.
He can be plagued by constant, almost incessant headaches, the intensity of which varies throughout the day.
Even after a seemingly calm night, such a person feels weak and “broken”. That is, during sleep, the body is no longer able to restore the amount of energy that was spent throughout the day.
In spite of constant desire sleep, can't sleep for a long time.
Such a person is pursued by other diseases. It would seem that he has only treated one thing, as another immediately clings. What is the result of reduced immunity.
A sign of fatigue and overwork is the deterioration of memory and reduced performance at the physical level.
A person develops apathy and a desire to be left alone.
There is a distraction of attention. Such a person may need to make some effort to concentrate.
All of these factors can cause high blood pressure.
In this state, people become taciturn.

If a person is exposed to adverse factors for a long time, fatigue becomes chronic. Exactly chronic fatigue and is called exhaustion. Against the background of it, the body's ability to resist external influences leading to an increased risk of injury or illness.

Overwork does not pass without a trace for the nervous system.

Nervous breakdowns.
Sudden change of mood.
This person wants to be alone.
He may respond inappropriately to seemingly insignificant remarks.
Tantrums.
Feeling of anxiety, increased irritability.
Tension in relationships with loved ones.

Signs of physical fatigue

If a person's professional activity is associated with constant physical exertion, then initially fatigue begins to manifest itself locally, affecting those muscles that are directly involved in the performance of actions. When conducting studies using the Mosso ergograph, it was proved that in the process of constant physical activity of the muscles, fatigue gradually increases and the ergograph begins to record a decrease in strength, amplitude and frequency with which the muscles continue to contract and relax. That is, there is a violation in the relationship of antagonistic muscles. Especially the time of the relaxation phase increases.

The curve fixed on the tape of the Mosso ergograph is called the “fatigue curve”. Analyzing the results of the study, experts note that the time between the onset of the stimulus and the onset of the response of the muscle gradually lengthens, that is, the latent period becomes longer.

Appearing signs physical fatigue, voiced above, are the precursors to the fact that the body simply stops "listening" to the signals of the brain and "refuses" to continue working. Coefficient useful action muscle tissue at the same time gradually decreases and tends to zero.

It is not always possible for a person to feel signs of physical fatigue after intense work at the end of the working day. Sometimes this condition occurs in him immediately after waking up, although the night passed calmly, and the sleep was sound. The cause of such a clinic can be asthenia - the state of the human body in which it functions with all its might. This pathology It is one of the types of mental disorders.

Diagnosis of asthenia indicates that even a slight physical activity knocks the body out of the rut, leading it into complete decline. Such uncomfortable state affects the quality of life of such a person. After all, he has to adapt to his body, changing his plans, since the “body requires” more frequent and longer rest.

At the same time, signs of physical fatigue can also include:

An increase in heart rate.
Increased sweating.
Bad mood or lack of any emotions (apathy) - they simply have no strength.
It is not uncommon for a person to begin to feel a constant, different intensity, headache.
Overwork can also affect appetite: in a tired person, the desire to eat decreases or completely disappears. Consequently, the body receives less energy - a vicious circle is obtained.
With chronic fatigue, intestinal upset can also be observed.
Overwork can work and, conversely, hyperactivity of the body. This situation leads to an even greater aggravation of the situation, since the body, contrary to logic, begins to spend even more energy, triggering the mechanism of self-destruction. And if, in order to relax, a person begins to use alcoholic beverages, the situation worsens, and the state of health only worsens.

Signs of Tired Children

Nature itself, it would seem, protects the child from overwork, given the number of movements that the child manages to do throughout the day. If you try it on an adult, then he probably would have dropped out of the race even in the middle. But at increased mobility signs of fatigue in children are still observed, although they have their own characteristics.

Pediatricians have noticed that the younger the baby, the shorter the period of time it will take for him to become tired. So a newborn child, without any physical exertion, gets tired after one and a half to two hours from the moment of the start of wakefulness.

As you grow, the factors that affect the state of fatigue of a small person are added physical activity and then thinking. Do not forget that the baby should diversify the load, using various games, since a monotonous activity causes a more rapid appearance of signs of fatigue in children.

A distinctive feature of the child's body is that at the moment of fatigue, signs of excitation begin to prevail over the reaction of inhibition. A long period of retardation quickly enough leads the baby to a state of fatigue. One such example is a school lesson. Children do not exercise physically, unless it is a labor or physical education lesson, and yet the child comes home from school tired.

provoke fatigue the baby may also switch to a daily routine without a long daytime sleep or reducing the duration of night rest, as well as irregular ventilation of the room in which the baby spends large quantity time and short duration of walks in the fresh air.

The reason for the rapid fatigue of the child's body is the incorrect schedule of alternation of physical (game) or mental (occupation) loads with rest by the parents.

Signs of fatigue in children begin to appear:

Weakening of differentiation in movements.
Decreased attention and accuracy of manipulations.
There is motor anxiety.

If a child, tired, continues to receive a load, then a kind of toggle switch works in his body, which, by the process of inhibition, affects the area of the cerebral cortex responsible for sensory analyzers: vision, hearing, skin. Influencing them, fatigue causes sleep in the child. Many faced a situation when the baby fell asleep in the most inappropriate place or position, which often gives adults a reason to laugh. For kids school age the component of the mental load increases, and if the parents are actively trying to create a genius and a comprehensively developed personality out of the baby, writing in a few additional circles and sections - this approach does not lead to anything good. Lack of effective rest, outdoor play, lack of sleep and the child's body may not withstand such a load, after which a failure occurs.

Signs of fatigue can manifest themselves in a baby:

Frequent respiratory or other illnesses.
Movements become sluggish and uncertain.
Complaints of headache.
Lack of appetite.
Memory impairment, absent-mindedness.
Mucous membranes and skin become pale.
With chronic fatigue, a child may experience a tremor of the upper limbs.
Apathy appears and interest in school lessons decreases.
The child becomes irritable and easily excitable.
Reduced ability to focus leads to an increase in the number of errors.
In some cases, increased tearfulness can be observed.
The ability of the body to actively think is reduced.

In order to prevent signs of fatigue in children, the first thing parents should learn is that the child should develop a balanced regimen in which periods of activity effectively alternate with rest periods. Wherein:

Avoid sleep deprivation in your baby.
Reduce stress by making it moderate.
Organize an effective alternation of periods of rest and work.
Give your child more time to play outdoors.
For preschoolers, class time should not exceed 15-20 minutes.
Eliminate monotony from activities with the baby.
Variety should be practiced in class, even within one lesson.
Make a daily routine so that physical and mental stress adequately alternate with a long rest.

Signs of driver fatigue

Prolonged monotonous work, at times, is more tiring than active physical labor. Drivers of motor vehicles can be attributed to this category of professions. Constant need heightened attention, prolonged sitting in one position they do their job - the person behind the wheel begins to get tired, signs of driver fatigue appear.

Attention starts to fade.
Weakens memory.
The eyes are covered with a veil and try to close, they have a feeling of pain or squeak. Fatigue and drowsiness "piles up" on the driver's body.
A slight dizziness begins.
There is an increase in the production of sweat by the corresponding glands.
The period of drowsiness can be replaced by irritability, overexcitation and vice versa.
The speed of processing incoming information is reduced.
The reaction to information can be either slow or too fast, but not always correct.

The first signs of fatigue begin to appear already after four hours of continuous movement after the moment when the person got behind the wheel. After the driver has been behind the wheel for eight hours without a break, the nature of the movement of the car changes significantly:

Vehicle speed becomes uneven.
The driver shifts gears more abruptly.
The car starts to make unnecessary movements.
Loss of objectivity in assessing the situation.
There is a symptom of illusory - optical transformation, when the object seems to be further than it is actually located.
An experienced driver is able, in such a situation, to lose all his skills.
Wanting to rest at least partially, the driver leans back a little or slides off the seat, which significantly narrows his field of view and makes it difficult to use the steering wheel.

Knowing this, experienced drivers, after a short drive, will definitely stop the car and take a break to rest, warm up, eat or even sleep. After all, the statistics of accidents and accidents, when the driver just fell asleep at the wheel, is terrifying, taking away multiple human lives.

In order to at least partially dispel fatigue, experienced drivers and doctors give a number of recommendations:

If the driver is preparing for a long journey, then he should sleep for at least seven hours before leaving.
Do not overeat before a long journey.
At least once every four hours it is worth stopping the car and resting.
You can wash with cold water or, if possible, swim. This is good to invigorate and drive away fatigue.
It is worth doing a few warm-up movements.
Strong tea or coffee is good.

Such tips are suitable for minor fatigue. If there are all signs of moderate and high fatigue, then there is only one recommendation - good sleep. But if there is no way to stop for a long time and a person is forced to continue moving, then:

Minimize travel at night.
It is still worth moving at a lower speed, while keeping the distance between the cars in front more than usual.
You should not look at one point all the time, but change the direction of your gaze, moving from one object to another.
If a monotonous landscape is observed outside the car window, it is worth changing the speed limit every 15 to 20 minutes.
It is worth slightly opening or fully opening the side window (depending on the situation and time of year).
Avoid taking antidepressants and sedatives.
If the driver is a heavy smoker, after another smoked cigarette, it is worth airing the cabin.
Dangerous for a person driving and any strong emotions. You should first calm down, and then continue on your way.

These simple tips make it possible to remove the monotony of the road, which dulls attention and lulls.

Signs of different phases of fatigue

According to certain criteria, physicians divide the state of human fatigue into two phases. Signs of various phases of fatigue are divided depending on belonging to these categories.

The initial phase or latent fatigue is the level of fatigue when a person is still able to manage his performance and keep it at the level necessary for the quality performance of work. Overcoming fatigue is obtained due to increased stimulation of the areas of the cerebral cortex, which are looking for reserves to complete the task. This result is obtained despite the fact that the efficiency of the body has already been reduced and there have been significant changes in the work of the vegetative-vascular system.
The next phase of fatigue is the irreversible fatigue factors that cannot be overcome. This phase is determined by the decrease in the external efficiency of the workflow. Despite all the efforts of the worker, his productivity tends to zero. The central nervous system begins to slow down, or even completely block the passing signals, forcing a person to stop working.

Signs of varying degrees of fatigue

When working physically or performing a mental task, a person is able to feel a slight fatigue or get tired so that he simply “falls off his feet”. According to this principle, signs of varying degrees of fatigue can also be differentiated. In this case, the symptoms are manifested by a combination of internal and external factors. To external manifestations fatigue include a change in the shade of the skin, a violation of the rhythm of the heartbeat and breathing, increased sweating, a failure in motor skills and motor coordination. To internal symptoms include violations associated with deviations in the work of the functional and physiological spheres. It could be nausea and dizziness. A person begins to feel pain in the muscles that have received the greatest load.

A person's ability to endure certain loads can be controlled by the quantitative component of the heart rate. Normal heart rate on average healthy person falls in the range of 60 to 80 beats per minute. Based on the numbers of the norm, the level of load and, accordingly, fatigue is determined. At normal condition body, the heart rate should be restored within five minutes after the end of the load.

If the heart rate shows from 100 to 130 beats per minute, then mild fatigue is stated, if this indicator falls in the range from 130 to 150 beats per minute - fatigue and moderate intensity load. If the heart rate is 150 - 170 beats per minute, then we can already talk about high loads, but if the body begins to work at the limit of its strength, then the heart rate can be from 170 to 200 beats per minute.

External signs of varying degrees of fatigue are divided:

Light fatigue level:
- The skin is slightly rosy.
- Droplets of sweat stand out in a small amount. They are localized mainly on the face in the forehead.
- The rhythm of breathing is a little quickened, but even, without interruptions. A person is able to breathe both through the mouth and through the nose.
Average level of fatigue:
- The skin takes on a red tint.
- Profuse perspiration, which is clearly visible in the head and body.
- The intensity of respiratory activity increases, a person is able to breathe only through oral cavity, the volume of nasal breathing is no longer enough.
- Coordination and motor skills remain within normal limits.
High level of fatigue - overwork:
- The skin becomes pale quite sharply, in the triangle there are corners upper lip and nose - a clearly differentiated cyanosis appears, which has its own term in medicine - cyanosis.
- Profuse perspiration, which is clearly visible in the head and body. Salts that come out with sweat appear on clothes, which appear in the form of whitish spots.
- The intensity of respiratory activity increases. Inhalation and exhalation duplicate the shoulders.
- There is a mismatch in the coordination of movement. A person begins to coward both the upper and lower limbs, the body sways slightly, there may be problems with movement.

In order to support your body and not bring it to complete exhaustion, it is worth adjusting the regime by adopting some preventive measures:

Set aside time for outdoor walks before bed.
Review your work schedule. In it, the load time should alternate with relaxing breaks.
Avoid stressful situations.
Sleep at least eight hours a night.
Get rid of bad habits from your life.
Human nutrition should be rational and rich in trace elements and vitamins. Avitaminosis is one of the main reasons for the weakening of the body and its overwork.
You should learn to switch attention or alternate physical work with mental work, and vice versa.

The symptoms of fatigue are familiar to every person and many believe that it is enough just to lie down for a while and strength will be restored. But it is not so. Our technogenic age, the ever-accelerating pace of life and finding all 24 hours in stressful situation(this applies more to residents of large cities) exhaust our body, keeping it in constant tension. Therefore, most of the population already has a history of chronic fatigue, where all the signs of fatigue are present. But you can find a way out of any situation. And the main thing in this is the man himself. Only by properly organizing your life and learning to fully relax can you solve the problem of chronic overwork, which can lead to complete exhaustion organism. Learn to manage your life and find in it those objective and subjective factors, which are able to bring joy and peace, and, therefore, provide the possibility of effective restoration of such necessary internal energy!

Fatigue and a constant desire for loneliness has become a habit? Come home, take off your shoes and sink down on the couch exhausted? There is no desire to chat with your family, and only the ubiquitous “sleep” occupies your thoughts? Congratulations, you're overworked. We will consider the symptoms and treatment in the article, and also tell you what the disease leads to if you do not pay due attention to it.

Why does a person get tired?

To understand the root of the phenomenon, we derive a definition. If you answered yes to the questions at the beginning of the article, then you probably already understood what it is. Let's generalize. Overwork is the reaction of the nervous system to stimuli. They can be physical or psycho-emotional.

Physical stimuli are expressed in violation of the regime. If you work a lot, but have little rest, getting overworked into a piggy bank of diseases is easy. It doesn't matter what activity you are in. Even working seven days a week at the Sleep Institute as an exhibit, where you sleep 16 hours out of 24 possible, the body will perceive negatively.

Psycho-emotional overwork in adults occurs if a person is in a state of permanent stress. For example, during a session or an emergency at work. How not to worry in exams, read here. If you see life exclusively in negative light the brain will react sooner or later. Yes, yes, even black magicians and emo have overwork.

Other causes of fatigue, characteristic of women, but occasionally found in the strong half of humanity:

unfavorable living conditions (women more often think that Svetka has better curtains, and linoleum has long been shabby, so the brain reacts with fatigue);
poor nutrition (equally characteristic of both sexes);
dissatisfaction with existing relationships or the absence of the second half.

The signs of fatigue vary. Each type is characterized by personalized symptoms, however, there are general ones by which you can immediately understand the cause of complaints:

routine things seem complicated, it is difficult to concentrate on a simple task;
response to external hazards is reduced;
irritability and aggressiveness accompany any action that is out of the category of the right ones;
you constantly want to sleep, however, sleep does not change anything - you still get up on the wrong foot.

Consider a table that shows what symptoms of overwork are typical for adults.

Physical overwork	mental fatigue	Emotional overwork
Appetite disorder: do not feel like eating or vice versa you eat everything	Eye redness, swelling	Depression
Pain in the heart, muscle tissue	Increase in blood pressure	Increased incidence of colds
Insomnia or nightmares	Headache	Constantly high or low temperature
Redness, itching and burning in the eyes	Blueness under the eyes	sweating
Irritability or apathy towards everything	Sweating during sleep	Decreased attention and memory

How does the doctor know that you are overtired?

If you do not come to surrender on your own, then nothing. But seriously, if these signs appear, immediately visit a neurologist. Based on a visual examination and standard therapeutic manipulations, he will collect an anamnesis and prescribe treatment.

Treatment of overwork: for how long?

How long the treatment will last depends on you. If you consult a doctor in time and strictly follow the recommendations, the disease will pass in 7-14 days.

Treatment consists in the normalization of lifestyle. This is facilitated by:

establishment and observance of the regime. Alternate work with rest: stop being a hero and leave your job exactly on schedule;
transition to proper nutrition: during treatment, eat more vegetables, exclude or limit fried, fatty, spicy, sweet;
walks in the open air. Walk 30 minutes a day, no matter the weather;
reception active additives. Purchase Glycine D3. It aims to correct psycho-emotional states and is used by doctors to treat overwork;
massage. It will warm up the muscles, so do not neglect the direction;
. Take up gymnastics or enroll in gym to get rid of fatigue.

If you have a neglected form of overwork that has resulted in depression, the specialist will prescribe drugs strong action and issue sick leave.

We hope you understand what overwork is and why it should not be started. Noticed signs require urgent lifestyle changes or treatment from a specialist.