Astheno-vestibular syndrome of dysarthria in children. Asthenic conditions in children and adolescents

Parents of children with various kinds behavioral disorders, because this problem Most consider the psychotherapist to be the prerogative. Unfortunately, somewhat less often, and sometimes with great delay, bypassing big circle specialists, patients with neuroses (general and systemic) and psychosomatic disorders are brought to the appointment. the main reason for the development of these conditions is psychogeny, usually associated with a clear discrepancy between the applied style of education (on the part of parents and teachers) and personality traits child, which creates an intractable task for the latter. But also I.P. Pavlov, agreeing with the functional nature of the emergence psychogenic illnesses, emphasized the importance of the organic background, which is "fertile soil" for their appearance. The leading role among such prerequisites belongs to asthenic conditions.

Asthenia in children occurs with a predominance of motor disorders preferred for this age (hyperdynamic or hypodynamic variant of asthenia). With the so-called hyperdynamic asthenia the child's behavior is characterized by hyperactivity with productive motor and emotional discharges, incontinence, impulsivity, which allowed a number of researchers to introduce the term "explosive asthenia" into practice. Children with hypodynamic asthenia hardly noticeable, try not to attract too much attention to themselves and always tend to hide in the shadows. They also have difficulty concentrating. But instead of excessive motor activity, there is lethargy, lethargy. Of the two main processes in the nervous system - excitation and inhibition - in hypodynamic children, unlike "hyperdynamics" who experience problems with inhibition, the process of excitation is disturbed, or rather, the structures that provide it are affected.

Researchers from the Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences. N.P. Bekhtereva and faculty clinical psychology St. Petersburg State Pediatric medical academy, after analyzing 189 cases of astheno-neurotic syndrome, proposed the following etiopathogenic (causal) classification of asthenic disorders in children:

1. Cerebrogenic asthenia. It is a consequence of proven brain damage, more often traumatic or neuroinfectious (meningoencephalitis) genesis, often combined with increased intracranial pressure. It is characterized by pronounced exhaustion mental processes, extremely low workability. In the future, manifestations of explosiveness ("explosive character") may join. This form was diagnosed in 14% of cases of asthenic disorders.
2. Residual asthenia. It is a consequence of the expressed perinatal pathology. These children have a history of obvious pathology perinatal period(prematurity, asphyxia, birth trauma), a lag in psychomotor development during the first year of life, a delay in speech development. Such children are characterized frequent change moods without a serious reason, tearfulness, rapid transition from a state of revival to apathy, they have a bad memory, relatively poor vocabulary, weak expression intellectual interests. The clinical picture in such cases is relatively stable. At neurological examination These children have impaired fine motor skills. This form is often accompanied by: dysgraphia, dyslexia, enuresis. This form occurred in 16% of cases.
3. Dysontogenetic asthenia. It is characterized by the predominance of moderate fatigue and inattention. The clinical picture, when compared with the previous forms, is less severe. This pathology may be based on the long-term consequences of minor hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, which is due to the fact that at certain stages of pregnancy and difficult childbirth, certain parts of the cerebral cortex did not receive sufficient blood circulation and oxygen. The behavior of such children can be characterized by capriciousness, irritability. The clinical picture is labile, and deterioration is noted more often in the spring and autumn periods. As concomitant disorders, stuttering and stuttering are often encountered here. And this is not surprising, since it is the centers of the brain responsible for fine motor skills and speech that are most vulnerable to hypoxia. This form occurred in 20% of cases.

All these forms, differing in severity, have an organic cerebral (brain) subtext.

But asthenia can be a consequence or one of the manifestations somatic disease. This asthenia is called somatogenic. T The severity of such asthenia is determined by the severity of the somatic disease. This form was detected in 14% of cases.

Astheno-neurotic condition (ANS) can develop in any child at any age, and even in an adult after a severe viral infection (flu). Infectionists believe that the process full recovery body after suffering severe flu takes three months (!). And what actually happens? For an ill child, for example, a schoolchild, requirements for full program presented immediately as soon as he came to class after an illness, and his central nervous system is still exhausted, has not recovered. Hence the headaches distracted attention, "tantrums" in the evenings, which have nothing to do with hysteria. Wrong behavior of others (family) provokes the layering of various neurotic reactions against this background.

We have just given a simple example here: a child has been ill with the flu - and immediately his abilities have changed for a while. but the same condition can also be congenital, due to the pathology of pregnancy and difficult childbirth, and then any demands placed by parents and teachers on such a child will turn out to be overstated and cause manifestations of the syndrome fatigue and, consequently, irritable weakness. this syndrome (syndromes) may underlie memory loss, when the child does not remember well educational material, he has to spend the whole day memorizing even a small poem.

Parentsandeducators should understand that the reason for the violation of behavior (attention) in such a child is not poor upbringing, not the harmfulness of the child, not the family, not the preschool or school institution, but the disease, as a rule, associated with the pathology of pregnancy, difficult childbirth or transferred to infancy injuries and neuroinfections (meningitis, meningoencephalitis).

stands apart neurosthenia (35%). It is due either mental trauma or prolonged sleep deprivation, prolonged mental or physical stress associated with mental impact, causing anxiety and the need to overcome the feeling of fatigue. The clinical picture of neurasthenia is similar to the manifestations of the dysontogenetic form, but in this case they are determined by an acute or chronic psychotraumatic situation, clinical manifestations more dependent on changes in the external situation.

AT classic version neurasthenia, there is a neurosthenic conflict of the personality of the type “I want, but I can’t”, which combines the inflated aspirations of the personality without taking into account their limited abilities. Here, overwork is caused to a greater extent not by a bonal violation of the daily regimen, not by insufficient sleep duration, and not even by prolonged negative emotions, but precisely by a mismatch of mental or physical activity physiological capabilities of the body, the presentation of increased requirements for the child in the process of education and training. with this form, there is no significant decrease in attention and memory. A distinct reaction of the individual to a decrease in working capacity is revealed. such patients may complain of poor memory, but this is not confirmed during testing. Children tend to cope with subjective significant situation when there is not enough power to do so. In addition, it should be noted elevated level anxiety, difficulty falling asleep, tension headaches. This form is more common in school age.

Patients with neurasthenia are characterized hypersensitivity to loud sounds, noise, bright lights. In addition, there is a decrease in the threshold of sensitivity to interoception (sensations from internal organs), which is clinically expressed in numerous somatic complaints of such patients, however, a number of authors attribute this feature predominantly older teenagers and adults.

ANS is a condition underlying and/or complicating the course of many diseases. So, enuresis, fears, sleep disorders, ticoid disorders literally "stick" to him. It is one of the causes of preschool and school maladaptation of the child. In children, astheno-neurotic syndrome has its own specific features:

1. Such children quickly get tired in the classroom, but at the same time they are restless, quick-tempered and capricious, they may have manifestations of aggression towards others. At the slightest setbacks, they instantly "boil", throwing toys, notebooks, books. Due to general violations of the ratio of the processes of excitation and inhibition, the phase structure of sleep is disturbed in them, which provokes neurosis-like enuresis.
2. In children with astheno-neurotic syndrome, learning suffers: despite normal intelligence, it is difficult for them to perceive school curriculum, they have difficulty preparing lessons, as they literally fall asleep over textbooks, they have memory problems. Such children have an attention deficit, manifested by absent-mindedness. They are irritable: in the classroom, especially if something doesn’t work out for them, if they lose to someone, they often throw something like a tantrum from scratch, conflict with other children, get into a fight, react similarly to comments (even absolutely fair ones) tutors or teachers.
3. With this syndrome, children may show signs of depressive conduct disorder, auto-aggression, hurting themselves, biting and pinching themselves. They can beat their heads against the wall, fall to the ground, scream.

Astheno-neurotic syndrome refers to neurotic diseases and occurs due to the exhaustion of the nervous system.

A distinctive feature of this disease is a feeling of severe fatigue from everything and increased nervous excitability with a color of irritability.

Often this disease is confused with ordinary depression, vegetovascular dystonia or chronic fatigue. To this disease tend to be people with a mobile psyche, who closely accept events "to the heart" and emotionally react to life circumstances.

People with endocrine, infectious and cardiovascular diseases are also susceptible to asthenia.

Asthenia can affect any person, regardless of age and social adaptation.

Syndrome symptoms

Let's study the symptoms that are characteristic astheno neurotic syndrome:

• excessive emotionality;
• sudden mood swings;
• lack of self-control;
• restlessness;
• impatience;
• intolerance;
• disturbed sleep;
• intolerance to strong odors, loud sounds, bright lighting;
• tearfulness, capriciousness;
• constant irritation;
• headaches and dizziness;
• bad digestion.

Patients are prone to feelings, winding up the situation, exaggerating the significance of events.

At the onset of the disease begins palpitations (tachycardia), dizziness. Quite often, an attack of asthenia is accompanied stabbing pains in the heart and shortness of breath.

However, in accordance with the type of the nervous system, the manifestation of the syndrome can be both in the nature of extreme excitability and lethargy.

In this case, an inadequate reaction to the event occurs, a kind of "stupor", lack of control over the situation.

Often there is such a manifestation as hypochondria. The patient begins to invent non-existent diseases that he suffers from.

Such a person can go to doctors for months and complain about a non-existent disease. But suggestibility itself can lead to a real illness, invented by such "sick"!

Against the background of constant nervous deviations, malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients may develop indigestion, they are haunted by heartburn, after eating - belching. When examining the gastrointestinal tract, the doctor, as a rule, does not reveal violations.

Stages of the disease

Depending on the manifestation of the symptoms of the disease, the nature of the course of asthenia can be divided into three stages:

• increased excitability;
• sleep disturbance;
• depression.

These three stages of the development of the disease do not arise without a cause, but are the result of a violation of the neurotic structures of the body.

First stage is not perceived as a disease, but is considered a feature of character. A tendency to tantrums and a sharp change in mood is considered a disadvantage. character or bad manners. Such uncontrollability of behavior is no longer a disadvantage, but a symptom of asthenia!

At the second stage psychopathological processes are aggravated and astheno-neurotic syndrome is already pronounced. Fatigue occurs on its own, without physical or mental stress.

He is haunted by a feeling of “brokenness”, he does not want to work, his appetite decreases, sleep is disturbed, causeless headaches appear. Against the background of this whole picture of the disease, immunity decreases, which provokes frequent colds. Angina can go away and immediately reappear!

Third stage characterized by a decrease in vital interests, sometimes - unwillingness to live.

Lethargy, apathy, desire for solitude, avoidance vigorous activity, the development of phobias and panic moods, - characteristics deep damage to neurotic structures. At this stage, a person falls into a state prolonged depression, does not make contact, avoids a wide circle of communication.

On the physical level seen pathological change musculoskeletal system in one form or another (teeth can deteriorate, for example).

Causes of the disease

Causes of astheno-neurotic syndrome:

• high load on nervous system: stress, mental strain;
• violation of metabolic processes of the brain;
• poisoning and intoxication with alcohol, drugs or nicotine;
• inflammation of the cerebral cortex;
• chronic kidney and liver diseases;
• diseases thyroid gland;
• lack of vitamins;
• heredity.

Among the various causes of asthenia, the social factor stands apart. Mental and mental strain associated with failures of social adaptation and domestic troubles easily provokes asthenic disorders.

Especially this applies to people with a very mobile psyche.

The desire to move forward career ladder can lead to damage to neurotic structures if a person deprives himself of sleep and rest.

And if increased psychogenic stress is accompanied by chronic diseases kidney or hormonal disorders, then avoid acute form asthenia fails.

Astheno neurotic syndrome in children

Causes of astheno-neurotic syndrome in children there are:

• transferred hypoxia at birth;
• birth trauma;
• bacterial and viral infections complicated by neurotoxicosis;
• underdevelopment of the central nervous system;
• malnutrition.

Symptoms of the manifestation of the disease expressed in tantrums, causeless crying, constant whims. The appearance of asthenic disorders in childhood and adolescence caused by a weak nervous system and inferiority of neurotic structures.

Viral diseases that occur with convulsions, disorders of consciousness and other manifestations of neurotoxicosis can also cause an anamnesis.

Also on the appearance asthenic disorder location may also be affected. For example, in the Arctic, the constant lack of solar insolation adversely affects the development child's body and psyche.

Diagnosis of asthenia

Only a qualified physician can make a diagnosis of asthenia. The examination revealed such moments:

• heredity;
• past illnesses;
• surgical interventions;
• trauma;
• the nature of sleep;
• accommodations.

Based on a detailed survey, a clinical picture diseases.

Treatment of astheno-neurotic syndrome

How to treat astheno-neurotic syndrome and what methods exist for this?

I single out three method:

• medication;
• psychological;
• regime.

Major role in healing asthenic syndrome plays an established daily routine and a complete nutritious diet.

Regular walks outdoors available physical exercises adequate rest and healthy sleep help you get out of pain faster.

If these conditions are not observed, the treatment process may be delayed or not give any effect at all, even when taking medications.

Drug treatment of astheno-neurotic syndrome suggests taking antidepressants, sedatives, mild stimulants of the nervous system and tranquilizers.

Drugs that regulate metabolic processes in brain structures that increase blood circulation in the brain and various adaptogens (schisandra, ginseng).

Depending on the severity of the disease, the doctor prescribes a certain medicine. At initial stage disease can be cured by vitamin complexes and medicinal teas with valerian.

In more advanced forms of asthenia, it is prescribed sedatives and tranquilizers:

• afobazole;
• adaptol;
• sedative PC;
• other medicines.

If the disease has deeply affected the nervous system, they are prescribed strong antidepressants. This group of drugs is prescribed in extremely advanced cases. In some cases, treatment occurs with the help of physiotherapeutic procedures - electrosleep, darsonvalization, etc.

Psychological and regime treatment involves the individual work of the patient on himself. It is necessary to understand the mode of work and rest, to establish good sleep, exclude the abuse of pathogens (coffee, cigarettes, chocolate, alcohol).

It is also necessary to exclude conflict situations in your life, at least to move away from them as much as possible.

There are also methods folk treatment herbs. After consulting a doctor, you can take a course of herbal therapy. Especially at the first stage of the disease, herbal therapy gives amazing results.

Diet

Rethink your diet! It is necessary to exclude products that provoke aggressiveness and stimulate excessive manifestations of emotions.

You may need to give up red meat. But making a decision to exclude foods from the diet is necessary after consulting a nutritionist.

Effects

Astheno-neurotic syndrome can have the most negative consequences.

A person can be haunted by panic attacks, which have a wide variety of colors - from an attack of "everything is lost" to panic fear of death.

Attacks are temporary, starting and ending unexpectedly. At this time, there is tachycardia, a state of mental agitation or lethargy.

Among physical manifestations during an attack, a disorder of the stool, profuse urination is possible.

Read more about panic attacks ah in our articles.

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How to permanently get rid of panic attacks - treatment with hypnosis, pills, homeopathy and folk remedies

Sudden panic attacks can greatly complicate the lives of their victims. Many people develop depression as a result of such conditions.

Disease prevention

In the event of the appearance of asthenic disorders caused by psychogenic stress and social factor, it is necessary to take preventive measures that will minimize the risk of recurrence or the appearance of asthenia.

To them relate:

• job change;
• change of environment;
• complete rest;
• quality sleep at a certain time;
• available exercise;
• relaxing massage;
• swimming;
• reflexology;
• meditation techniques.

What else can be done?

In the modern social environment, stress and physical strain cannot be avoided. But it is necessary to strive to reduce the impact of psychogenic stress on the body. If you're overworking at work, change it.

If you have a conflicting relationship with your superiors, find new job. If you aspire to achieve career heights - do auto-training or oriental techniques(wu shu, kung fu, qigong).

Allocate special time for sports, swimming, fitness, yoga. Make time for walks in nature. Get a pet - socializing with pets relieves stress!

Aquarium fish are just a wonderful way to calm down. domestic cat Russian breed - bewitchingly purrs. Little playful lap dog - and the stress is relieved!

Don't go into a deep depression over the loss of a loved one. Life is fleeting!

Helps a lot attending church and attending worship services. Make it a rule to attend church services on Sundays and holidays. The Church heals the soul, which means that there will be order with the nerves.

Do needlework, various crafts. Find yourself a hobby, and devote some time to your favorite pastime.

Finally love yourself. Your happiness should not depend on the whims of fate and other people. Be healthy!

Video: Astheno-neurotic syndrome and its treatment

What can cause astheno-neurotic syndrome and what methods of treatment and self-treatment exist, you will learn from this video.

In children, it belongs to the category of mental disorders. It in childhood is provoked by excessive overloads and exhaustion of the nervous system. Doctors call this pathology irritable fatigue, since such a child has both asthenia and excitability. The disease is characteristic of both children and adults. But in childhood, it has a special symptomatology.

Origin of the disease

The etiology of the disease can be genetic or acquired. The latter form is often provoked by past injuries in the spine and can manifest itself after severe psychological overload, constant worries and unrest.

Astheno-neurotic syndrome in a 3-year-old child indicates a genetic prerequisite for the disease. The melancholic temperament, which is inherited, is considered a weak type. nervous activity. It is in children with this character that such a pathology most often manifests itself.

It is possible that it was observed in the parents of the baby. Then the treatment will be much longer.

In any case, if there is an astheno-neurotic syndrome, the child needs the help of a qualified psychologist. It is also required by parents to help develop communication skills with a small patient. If the astheno-neurotic syndrome in a child or adolescent is not isolated and complicated, then, as a rule, the prognosis of the disease is favorable.

The child usually passes course treatment. The course changes every 3-4 months.

Causes of the disease

What are the causes of the disease? Astheno-neurotic syndrome in children may appear due to a number of circumstances.

The main factors include:

• genetic predisposition;
• hypoxia;
• intense mental and physical stress;
• frequent stress;
• a violation of brain metabolism, leading to a lack of certain substances;
• transferred inflammation of the brain by the type of meningitis or encephalitis;
• traumatic brain injury;
• body intoxication various substances that disrupt metabolic processes (often in the role toxic substances in childhood, drugs act, especially if dosages are not observed);
• diseases of the liver and kidneys, occurring in a chronic form;
• pathology of the thyroid gland, which manifests itself in an increase in the production of hormones that increase excitability;
• deficiency of B vitamins;
• negative social factors.

Modern ideas about the disease, knowledge of its causes and main mechanisms of development make it possible to conduct effective therapy.

A change in the child's lifestyle, which involves the exclusion of external causes provoking the development of neurasthenia (social factors, mental or mental overstrain). emotional sphere), prevents the development of a functional failure of the child's nervous system in the future.

Symptoms of the disease

How is astheno-neurotic syndrome expressed in children? The symptomatology of neurasthenia in childhood lies in in large numbers various signs.

Conventionally, they are divided into functional disorders autonomic nervous system and cerebral cortex.

Failure of the vegetative system

Manifestations of neurasthenia from the autonomic nervous system can mask the pathology of the internal organs. How does astheno-neurotic syndrome proceed in children?

The main manifestations include:

• discomfort and tingling in the region of the heart, these manifestations are expressed as much as possible during stress, mental and emotional overload;
• the presence of tachycardia;
• increased perspiration.

Sometimes asthenia may be accompanied slight increase body temperature to 37.5º C, especially if the failure of the central nervous system was caused by an increase in the production of thyroid hormones.

Malfunction of the cerebral cortex

As for the manifestations of the cerebral cortex, first of all, psychological changes should be included here.

Among them are:

• increased level of fatigue, fatigue does not give the child the opportunity to perform mental work;
• the inability to sit still, to concentrate one's attention;
• violations in the field of memory and attention (first of all, short-term memory suffers, the child cannot remember information because he is not collected);
• an altered child that manifests itself in increased irritability, tearfulness and irascibility;
• sleep disorders (child long time cannot sleep, wakes up with difficulty in the morning);
• frequent mood swings.

In general, astheno-neurotic syndrome in children has vivid manifestations:

• hyperactive behavior of the child;
• decreased attention;
• capriciousness and disobedience.

The appearance of such symptoms should be the reason for contacting a specialist who can establish a possible violation.

It should be noted that in childhood the signs of the disease are more pronounced than in adults. This is due to the lack of development of higher nervous activity. Sometimes the impetus for the development of neurasthenia is a slight emotional or mental strain.

How else is astheno-neurotic manifested in children expressed in general malaise. For example, while in transport, the child complains of motion sickness, nausea, dizziness. Such a child often has a fainting state.

If we talk about the symptoms of neurasthenia in children of primary school and preschool age, then they often have enuresis. With the development of pathology, the child may complain of pain in the neck, twitching of the eyes. Limbs may be cramped.

This symptomatology characterizes the advanced form of astheno-neurotic syndrome, when the parents did not take any radical steps for treatment. In this case, the child is characterized by hysteria and increased aggression.

As for the signs of the disease in schoolchildren and adolescents, they are expressed in the inability to concentrate. These children experience difficulties both at school and at home.

In this case, parents should show maximum patience, do not raise the tone of the child, do not punish him for mistakes and excessive nervousness. Punishment and talking in raised tones will only aggravate the situation and become fertile ground for rooting psychological problem. In this case, the child may lose sensitivity and memory altogether.

Phobias and panic attacks

A symptom of the disease may be the development of fears. AT preschool age this symptom is extremely rare. Sometimes seizures can become a sign of neurasthenia and may occur. This is manifested by beating his head against the wall, screaming, tantrums, falling to the ground. In this case, punishment is strictly prohibited.

All of the above symptoms are a reason to seek help from a neurologist.

How is the treatment carried out?

Many are interested in how to treat astheno-neurotic syndrome in children. The therapy is complex. Treatment is started only after a thorough diagnosis of the causes of impaired functionality of the nervous system. There are special tests to determine the level of violations, methods instrumental diagnostics to identify possible pathologies in the brain or malfunction of internal organs (X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, encephalography). Therapy includes recommendations general and treatment through medication and psychotherapy.

As a rule, drug therapy is complemented by gymnastics and physiotherapy procedures, which are aimed at calming the nervous system. Among them, darsonvalization, electrosleep and hydrotherapy should be noted.

How is astheno-neurotic syndrome eliminated in children? Treatment involves common activities regardless of the reasons that provoked the appearance of the disease in the child.

These include:

• exposure to fresh air, which allows oxygenation of the brain tissue;
• sufficient sleep duration, which should correspond to the age of the child and be at least 8 hours;
• adjusting the diet with the inclusion enough essential vitamins;
• hardening;
• elimination of negative impacts on the child's psyche;
• periodic change of impressions (trips out of town, walks in nature with the family).

Medication treatment

How is astheno-neurotic syndrome stopped in children? Treatment with medications is indicated for severe violations of the functional activity of the central nervous system.

As a rule, drugs that relieve excitability are used. They contribute to the normalization of the autonomic and central nervous system. Apply "Atarax", "Adaptol", "Sedative" and other means.

How to eliminate astheno-neurotic syndrome? Treatment with medicines in children is carried out in a strictly individual manner. At the same time, the course may include the means of other pharmacological groups in the presence of diseases of the internal organs. Drug treatment can only be prescribed by a neuropathologist.

Treatment with folk methods

Astheno-neurotic syndrome in children is also treated with herbs. Below are some recipes that help relieve excitability.

• Valerian. A tablespoon of the roots of the plant is poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for 20 minutes. The infusion should be drunk three times a day. The last dose is taken before bed.
• Motherwort. Two st. tablespoons of dry grass are poured with a glass of boiling water and kept in a water bath for 15 minutes. The remedy is filtered and drunk twice after dinner and before bedtime.
• Herbal collection, including mint, valerian, in equal proportions. A tablespoon of the collection is poured with a glass of boiling water and insisted for half an hour. After straining, the remedy is drunk in half a glass in the morning and evening.

The duration of herbal treatment is a month.

diet

The nutrition of the child must be of high quality. The diet should include beef liver, sea fish, fresh chicken eggs, dairy products, nuts, citrus fruits, sauerkraut, fruits and vegetables that are rich in vitamin C.

Treatment with psychotherapy

How to treat the disease? Astheno-neurotic syndrome in children is also eliminated through psychotherapy. It is the foundation of successful healing. nervous pathology. Depending on the severity of the violation of the functionality of the nervous system, different methods can be used.

Psychotherapy is a verbal influence, during which factors that traumatize the psyche are revealed, and the child's attitude towards them changes.

Neurolinguistic programming is one of the methods of psychotherapy, in which verbal modeling of the child's attitude to a stressful situation is carried out.

Conducting individual or group trainings that make it possible to stop phobias, improve social adaptation especially when changing teams.

Psychotherapeutic methods are selected on a strictly individual basis on the basis of diagnostics. Subject to quality therapy, the prognosis is favorable.

Rehabilitation activities

Astheno-neurotic syndrome in children, the causes of which are described in this article, manifests itself in the child's aggression towards others. Such children are immediately noticeable in the team. They are conflicted, tend to offend others and talk to them in high tones.

Patients often cry, scream, protest against habitual actions. For example, they may refuse to eat and throw a tantrum.

Such children are registered in kindergarten and school. They need the help of psychologists. Discreet behavior is recommended with them.

It should be noted that the treatment of astheno-neurotic syndrome is a complex and lengthy process, after which the child needs rehabilitation. This may be a lesson with a psychologist, familiarization with applied work, aromatherapy.

The most important condition in recovery period is the exclusion of nervous overload and compliance with the regime of work and rest.

May occur during a child's life or be congenital. It can be the result of trauma to the head or body, especially often occurs with injuries cervical region spine.

This condition can occur with severe fatigue, great physical and mental stress, emotional stress. Also, astheno-neurotic syndrome can be the result of birth trauma.

Astheno-neurotic syndrome in children: clinical picture

Manifestations of astheno-neurotic syndrome in children have specific features.

1. Children with astheno-neurotic syndrome are very weak, get tired quickly, but at the same time they are very restless, quick-tempered and capricious. There may be manifestations of aggression towards others. It is difficult for children to travel by transport, they get sick, feel sick or vomit, they feel dizzy, they may faint. Young children may have enuresis.
2. Severe manifestations of the syndrome give pain in the neck, may be nervous tics, cramps in the arms and legs, impaired sensitivity and memory. Often children suffer from headaches, especially after playing sports, during somersaults, sharp turns heads.
3. In children with astheno-neurotic syndrome, learning is impaired, it is difficult for them to perceive the school curriculum, and there are difficulties with preparing lessons. In the classroom, they are irritable, can become depressed, throw a tantrum from scratch, conflict with other children, and disobey educators or teachers. They show hyperactivity, but at the same time, children are absent-minded.
4. With this syndrome, children can hurt themselves, hit their heads and fall to the ground, scream. It is useless to scold and punish them for this, it is impossible to shout at them, as well as to use physical violence. This only complicates the situation.

Treatment of astheno-neurotic syndrome in children

At the first manifestations of the symptoms of the syndrome, a consultation with a neurologist and a detailed examination with the exception of organic pathology are necessary.

When establishing the diagnosis of "astheno-neurotic syndrome", it is necessary to carry out a complex of medical and recreational activities. The treatment takes into account the age and degree of manifestations of the disease, general state and illness of the child. Usually prescribed medication and non-drug therapy, physiotherapy.

Medicines are used to a limited extent, mainly from the group of sedatives, tonic and vitamin remedies. Drugs may be additionally prescribed to improve microcirculation and cell metabolism.

It is very important to observe the daily regimen, fully relax and be sure to sleep during the day, walk a lot in the air, swim, and exercise.

It is necessary that the nutrition of children with astheno-neurotic syndrome does not overexcite the nervous system and be balanced. It is necessary to protect the child from excessive stress and unrest, to give rational loads.

People are accustomed to perceive the instability of the nervous system as a temporary phenomenon, characteristic only for children. In fact, astheno-neurotic syndrome, which is characterized by a rapid response to external stimuli can manifest itself in both children and adults, giving them a lot of problems.

Astheno-neurotic syndrome: definition and main symptoms

What is such a disease? This is a neurological ailment, which is typical for people with a mobile psyche. The consequence of the development of this disease is a violent response to external stimuli. A person is literally not able to endure even the prospect of failure, he is prone to tantrums and a violent manifestation of emotion.

The symptoms of astheno-neurotic syndrome are as follows:

• restlessness, absolute absence patience;
• abrupt shifts moods due to little things;
• tantrums and seizures;
• sleep disturbance;
• the impossibility of prolonged mental and physical stress;
• violent response to any criticism;
• increased moodiness, which is accompanied by constant depression.

In other words, a person reacts violently to a word or action of the interlocutor that he does not like. Similar problems often appear in children in preschool and adolescence. The syndrome makes them aggressive, constant desire enter into conflict, significantly lowering academic performance.

The problem can also appear in an adult. It becomes a reaction not overwork, causing tantrums and sudden mood swings in its owner.

This disease has an ICD code 10 - F 06.6, and the problem itself is extremely common. Doctors attribute this to increased levels of tension in Everyday life modern man.

Most often, people do not connect disparate symptoms, believing that sleep disturbances, mood instability and increased phobias are in no way connected. This leads to rooting of the problem, rapid development. Psychologists advise treating the syndrome as soon as the diagnosis has been made, since the disease has many consequences.

Causes of the syndrome in adults and children

Astheno-neurotic syndrome in children is still more common than in adults and this is due to the fact that the child's psyche is much more unstable. What reasons can stimulate the development of such a serious mental illness?

1. Infections of a bacterial or viral nature, which are accompanied by neurotoxicosis.
2. Hypoxia during childbirth becomes a stimulus for the appearance of the syndrome in the future.
3. Meningitis, encephalitis and other inflammatory diseases affecting the central nervous system.
4. The hereditary factor cannot be discounted.
5. Not enough vitamins and minerals in the diet.
6. Head injuries, even if they seem minor.
7. Constant conflicts at school and at home can cause ANS.

Astheno-neurotic syndrome in adults develops against the background of the same reasons, but a few more are added to them:

• chronic intoxication of the body or drug addiction;
• chronic overwork against the background of non-rational construction of the daily schedule;
• high craniocerebral pressure;
• metabolic disorders in the brain.

Thus, the reasons for the development of the disease are even too many. Most often, the syndrome in both adults and children occurs for one reason: excessive intellectual or physical activity associated with the lack of normal rest. Modern careerists so stubbornly go to the top in their profession that for them it turns into nervous exhaustion, a violation of sleep and rest.

The pressure extends to children: the desire to raise a genius is unlikely to lead parents to something good. Intellectual loads will only increase the degree of mental instability of the baby.

You can not discount the diseases that cause the development of the syndrome. So, for example, it appears due to the development of malignant tumors, due to diabetes, hypotension and hypothyroidism. At the slightest risk of astheno-neurotic syndrome, doctors warn the patient about this.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia also causes a similar problem, and often trouble even overtakes ladies in interesting position. During pregnancy, it becomes more difficult for a woman to control fears and doubts, as a result of which such an unpleasant symptom becomes.

An additional influence bad habits: alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking only stimulate disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system. If there are other factors in the development of the disease in a person’s life, it will not be possible to avoid it.

Consequences of astheno-neurotic syndrome

There can be many reasons for the development of the disease, and sometimes factors such as stress at work, military service, pregnancy, heavy physical exertion only additionally affect the rapid progress of symptoms. In the human body, everything is interconnected, and therefore it is impossible to ignore the problem in any case. Those factors that yesterday had an impact only on the nervous system, today can worsen and physical state. Because of this, the patient will not be able to work, even an elementary grocery shopping will turn into stress for him. It is difficult to build a relationship with such a diagnosis because of the temper of a person. What are the consequences of astheno-neurotic syndrome are considered the most serious?

1. Hormonal disorders.
2. On the background nervous exhaustion heart problems, including heart attacks and strokes.
3. A stomach ulcer may develop, because the work of the digestive tract nervous disorders have an impact.
4. Children who are faced with such a problem may suffer in the future due to malfunctions in the endocrine system and slow puberty.
5. Chronic depression is the most common consequence of a serious disease of the nervous system.

Ignoring the symptoms of astheno-neurotic syndrome, a person may face signs in the future clinical depression. He suddenly loses the desire to live, and no changes in life arouse the interest of a person. It is impossible to get yourself out of this state on your own, and against the background of chronic depression, suicidal tendencies often develop.

The syndrome has consequences for normal life child facing a problem early age. So, doctors note violations in reproductive function in those adults who experienced symptoms of a nervous breakdown in childhood.

The consequences also affect physical well-being: against the background of the disease, the risk of stroke and heart attack increases. Thus, a person who learns about his diagnosis should immediately begin to search for adequate treatment options.

3 stages of development of astheno-neurotic syndrome

Like any other disease, this nervous syndrome develops gradually, and it is extremely problematic to notice symptoms in the early stages. In total, doctors distinguish 3 stages of the development of the disease. What symptoms are typical for them?

1. At the first stage of the disease, a person's mood worsens, signs of increased irritability appear. However, he himself attributes this to stress, to hormonal problems or severe fatigue. In addition to mood problems, symptoms of a physical illness are occasionally added, for example, the patient suffers from frequent headaches.
2. In the second stage, the patient suffers from sleep problems and severe fatigue. He gets tired literally from everything, he can't even get out of bed. At the same time, all the same mood swings associated with a general depressive state are observed.
3. At the final stage of the development of the disease, catastrophic apathy rolls over a person. The patient suffers from depression, has suicidal tendencies, and his mood becomes even more unstable. Often at this stage, a person faints, and his work activity is reduced to zero.

Usually patients ignore the disease in the early stages, and only when added to it chronic fatigue and apathy, many prefer to see a doctor. In such a situation, one should not ignore the symptoms and continue to work hard, as this will only worsen general well-being. Doctors and psychologists recommend at the first warning signs give up a big load, relax, spend a day in nature.

If changing from work to rest does not help, you should consult a doctor. The fact is that a neglected syndrome can often be cured only with the help of therapy and suitable medications.

Home and preventive methods of dealing with the disease

In the early stages of astheno-neurotic syndrome, treatment is simple, and healing can be done at home. To do this, the patient must use the following measures:

• normalize sleep and rest;
• monitor your diet, since the predominance of useful trace elements in the diet significantly increases the likelihood of healing;
• you need to turn to soothing baths, do a relaxing massage;
• it is also recommended to reduce the workload, try to spend as much free time in the fresh air as possible;
• if a person is overwhelmed by constant fears, if he is prone to hypochondria and suspiciousness, it is necessary to visit a psychotherapist;
• it is also recommended to drink soothing teas with mint, valerian and lemon balm.

The main secret Get well soon elementary simple: you need to abandon excessive loads, sleep more and spend maximum amount outdoor time.

Refusing completely from physical activity and lying in bed is also not recommended, because this only reinforces the apathy characteristic of the symptom. A person can visit the gym, swimming pool, go to nature, go to the cinema and the theater.

Since a person is overtaken by depression, psychologists advise looking for those means that increase the patient's mood. Dancing classes help someone, and someone enrolls in cooking courses. Such relaxation for what you love sometimes turns out to be much more useful and effective than any therapy.

If you can’t cope with the disease on your own, you need to contact a psychotherapist. The doctor will be able to find out the cause of the problem, find out the source of fears and stress and help the person get rid of these stimulating factors.

The astheno-neurotic syndrome itself passes quickly, but the problem can develop again against the background of increased stress. That is why, if once the problem has already developed, it is necessary to reconsider own life to bring a little more relaxation and joy into it. Then any anxiety symptoms will disappear.

Astheno-neurotic syndrome and medicines for its treatment

Medication treatment this syndrome occurs only in the final stages of the development of the problem. Usually, doctors prescribe a mineral-vitamin complex, but if this does not help, the following medications come into effect:

• antidepressants, which will help get rid of chronic bad mood and apathy;
• anabolic steroid;
• sedatives that positively affect the elimination of signs of apathy and increased excitement;
• doctors can also prescribe drugs that improve metabolic processes in brain cells.

It is always the doctor who must prescribe medicines, since the patients themselves cannot choose either the appropriate components or the right dosage. For treatment purposes advanced disease sleeping pills and daytime tranquilizers are often prescribed. They, in turn, can cause addiction, so it is necessary to use such drugs only with the permission of a psychotherapist.

The intake of vitamins, especially groups B and C, has a very positive effect on a person’s well-being. You can also turn to sedatives for plant-based. For example, valerian is actively used for these purposes. It helps the patient to forget about stress at work, about phobias and unnecessary experiences. However, even such sedatives abuse is not recommended, since it can only stimulate the development of general apathy.

If a child is faced with a problem, then medication treatment is extremely limited. For children, doctors can only prescribe plant-based sedatives and mineral-vitamin complexes. The same restrictions apply to pregnant women, as well as nursing mothers. The risk of harming the well-being of an unborn baby makes doctors look for other ways of healing.

Quite common and treatment of folk remedies. For example, doctors advise drinking infusions of hop cones, motherwort and mint, since these herbs have a calming effect. You can turn to aromatherapy. For these purposes, the oil of bergamot, lemon, verbena, geranium and others is used, since they have a calming effect.

Morning should start with physiotherapy exercises or from a run, as this will energize the body, allow a person to immediately tune in to the desired mood.

When making such a diagnosis, hospitalization is extremely rare. Usually such a need arises only in cases where the patient can harm himself or others. Chronic depression with suicidal tendencies can lead to temporary isolation at short term for the safety of the patient.

Usually therapy gives results within 4-7 days after the start of its use. Medicines improve the physical condition of a person, and constant walks and the predominance of rest over work affect the emotional well-being of the patient. If the condition does not improve after 7-10 days, you should consult a doctor again. There are two options: either the specialist put misdiagnosis or he prescribed the wrong treatments.

Under conditions of constant stress, a modern person may encounter astheno-neurotic syndrome quite suddenly, but it must always be treated, regardless of their employment and attitude to the diagnosis. At similar disease can be serious consequences, which not only affect the mood, but can also shorten a person's life.