First generation antihistamine - Suprastin for children: instructions for use, form of release, features of the effect on the children's body. What helps "Suprastin"

Allergy is a pathology of the immune system, which is manifested by the body's reaction to repeated exposure to an allergen, for example, animal hair, citrus fruits, dust, household chemicals, etc. The disease most often occurs at an early age. Antihistamines help to cope with the manifestations, in particular, Suprastin for children. It should be given to babies only with the permission of a doctor and in strict accordance with the instructions.

Release form - round tablets of white color or with a grayish tint. On one side they are engraved with the name of the drug.

Another form of release of the drug is an injection solution with a specific aroma, administered intravenously and intramuscularly. Sold in ampoules, 1 ml.

The main active ingredient that determines the properties of Suprastin is chloropyramine. Additional components: sodium carboxymethyl starch type A, gelatin, potato starch, lactose monohydrate and talc. The product is odorless or has a slight odor.

Action

Suprastin is an antihistamine drug. Prevents the recurrence of allergies and facilitates the course of an existing reaction. The product also soothes, relieves itching of the epidermis and normalizes the duration and quality of sleep. It has a mild analgesic effect.

The drug is absorbed by the walls of the gastrointestinal tract and quickly spreads throughout the body. The therapeutic effect is observed within 6-8 hours after taking the drug. The half-life is 14 hours. The drug leaves the body through the liver and gastrointestinal tract. For a child, this process takes less time than for an adult.

Is it possible to give the drug to children?

Suprastin for children in the form of injections is indicated from the month. The medicine is prescribed by a doctor. Any independent introduction of funds can lead to unpredictable consequences.

For children from three years of age, the drug is prescribed in the form of tablets for oral administration. To facilitate swallowing, the product is ground to a powder and mixed with a small amount of water. This method of taking the drug is recommended for children from three to five years.

Indications

Suprastin has the following indications:

• urticaria - a disease of the epidermis, characterized by the appearance of a rash on the skin;
• Quincke's edema - swelling of the subcutaneous tissue, accompanied by an increase in the face or part of it, suffocation due to exposure to the allergen on the body;
• serum pathology - the response of the immune system to therapy with animal sera;
• allergic rhinitis - runny nose, which has a seasonal character;
• conjunctivitis - a disease of the organs of vision;
• hay fever - increased lacrimation due to exposure to an allergen;
• pathologies of the epidermis, which include eczema, psoriasis and dermatitis;
• preventing the development of complications against the background of an allergic reaction;
• swelling of the mucous membranes of the lungs and ENT organs with sinusitis, bronchitis and other similar diseases;
• to facilitate the course of SARS;
• before vaccination and after the introduction of the vaccine in order to prevent the occurrence of an immune reaction.

Contraindications

Contraindications to taking the medicine:

• the birth of a child before the due date;
• weakness of the body;
• bronchial asthma in the period of exacerbation;
• individual intolerance to the components of the product.

The drug is prescribed with caution in pathologies of the cardiovascular system and internal organs. If a nursing mother takes the drug, then for the duration of therapy, she should stop breastfeeding the baby and switch to artificial feeding, since the medicine passes into milk.

Adverse reactions

Side effects of the product:

• headaches, tremors, fatigue and drowsiness even after a good sleep, dizziness and unstable emotional background;
• problems with stool and urination, pain in the abdomen, problems with appetite, nausea and vomiting;
• a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in eye pressure, heart problems, but it has not been definitely established that their appearance is caused by taking Suprastin;
• allergic reaction in the form of itching and rash

Side effects appear infrequently and disappear immediately after stopping the medication.

Application methods

Instructions for taking Suprastin for children will be different, depending on the age of the child. The fact is that there is no special drug intended for babies, adolescents or adults. The tool is the same for everyone, the difference is only in proportions.

The medication is started with small doses. In the absence of a negative reaction, the amount of the product is increased, bringing it to the upper limit.

The course of therapy should not exceed a week. The minimum period of drug use is 5 days. A repeat of the course is possible after a month, but only as directed by a doctor. The product is consumed during a meal, without chewing and drinking plenty of liquid. You can use clean water without gas, fruit drink, compote and fruit juice if you are not allergic to these products.

The doctor may also prescribe intramuscular injections. The injection should only be given by a nurse in a clinical setting. Self-injection can lead to irreversible consequences. In particularly difficult situations, the doctor prescribes intravenous administration.

In infancy

Before reaching the age of one month, Suprastin is not prescribed. This is especially true for children who were born prematurely.

From a month to six months, taking the medicine is also undesirable, but in critical situations, the doctor prescribes a solution of Suprastin to the child by intramuscular injection. The recommended dosage is ¼ ampule per day.

The first injection is administered to the child under medical supervision.

In young years

For children under one year old, the drug is prescribed in the form of intramuscular injections. The dosage does not differ from the dosage for a monthly baby, i.e. - ¼ ampoules per day. From one year to three years, the proportion of the medicine is ½ ampoules per day.

As for pills, pediatricians have no consensus here. Some experts prescribe a quarter of the drug before and after vaccination, explaining this as a measure to prevent the occurrence of complications after vaccination.

The opinion of other experts - Suprastin at this age in the form of tablets can not be given. Moreover, the remedy is contraindicated during vaccination, since it can negatively affect the clinical picture, and the baby's body must cope with the introduced microorganisms, otherwise the baby will not develop immunity to pathology.

Over 3 years old

For children who have reached the age of three, and children under the age of six, the medicine is prescribed in the form of tablets. The recommended dose is 12.5 mg twice a day, that is, half a tablet 2 times a day. From 6 years to 14 years of age, half a tablet is prescribed three times a day. Gradually increase the dosage in the absence of side effects.

The maximum dose should not exceed 2 mg per kg of the child's weight, otherwise an overdose will occur.

As for the solution, children from 3 to 6 years old are recommended to administer intramuscularly (rarely intravenously) half an ampoule per day. From 6 to 14 years, the dose is increased to one ampoule per day.

Overdose

Excessive use of the product leads to the following consequences:

• unstable emotional state - laughter turning into crying;
• a constant desire to move and speak, while incoherent speech is observed;
• involuntary muscle contraction;
• the appearance of fears and hallucinations;
• violation of coordination of movements;
• problems with urination;
• enlarged pupils and their immobility;
• violation of stability in a standing position;
• unquenchable thirst even after swallowing a large amount of liquid;
• severe redness of the epidermis;
• increase in temperature;
• cardiopalmus;
• coma, but only in the most severe case.

Help with overdose

If the child has signs of an overdose of the product, it is necessary to do a gastric lavage. Manipulation is relevant for 12 hours after excessive intake of the product. To do this, the child is given to drink 1.5 liters of warm water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and then they provoke vomiting by pressing a finger on the root of the tongue.

Facilitate the condition of the child activated charcoal. Dosage - 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight. Instead of activated carbon, other enterosorbents are also used, including Polysorb, Laktofiltrum, Enterosgel and other similar preparations.

In case of an overdose, the help of an ambulance team is required in the following cases:

• febrile state, which is impossible to cope with;
• constant hallucinations;
• severe convulsions;
• seizures;
• staggering unsteady gait;
• lack of urination for a long time;
• unconscious state.

Doctors advise calling an ambulance for the child at the first manifestations of an overdose, without waiting for the occurrence of such conditions.

drug interaction

Experts do not advise taking Suprastin along with sleeping pills, sedatives, painkillers and anesthetics, since the drug enhances their effect.

Drug analogues

Due to the large number of contraindications and side effects, doctors often prescribe not Suprastin, but more modern analogues:

• Fencalor. Produced in the form of tablets. Contraindicated in children under three years of age. Side effects - headaches, nausea and vomiting, rashes on the epidermis;
• Measured. Available in the form of dragees and tablets. Contraindicated in children under two years of age. The lack of funds is a large number of contraindications, therefore, such a drug can be given to a child only with the permission of a doctor;
• Zyrtec. Release form - drops and tablets. The medicine is not prescribed to children under 6 months. Such a product has no less side effects than Suprastin;
• Claricens. Produced in the form of a syrup of white or yellowish tint and tablets of white color. The tool should not be given to children under 2 years of age;
• Lomilan. Release form - suspension and tablets. The drug is commercially available, but is not recommended for use without a doctor's recommendation. The drug is prescribed to children from 2 years in the form of a suspension and from 3 years in the form of tablets;
• Loratadine. The most budgetary antihistamine. The average cost is 10 rubles for 10 tablets. Not intended for children under 2 years of age;
• Claritin. Available in the form of white tablets and syrup. It is administered orally regardless of food. Tablets are contraindicated in children under 3 years old, syrup - up to 2.

Almost all of these drugs do not harm the body and do not have such pronounced side effects as Suprastin, but at the same time they do not give such a strong effect. They are prescribed for mild allergies.

Suprastin price

If we talk about how much Suprastin costs, then in each pharmacy the price will be different. The average cost of tablets of 20 pieces per pack is 110 rubles. For 10 ampoules you will have to pay an average of 150 rubles.

Conclusion

Suprastin is one of the strongest antiallergic drugs, so the drug does not lose popularity and is actively used in the treatment of young patients. Despite his fame, you should not engage in self-therapy, only the attending physician can prescribe the dose and duration of medical procedures.

The antihistamine drug Suprastin was developed over 80 years ago. During this time, the pharmacological industry has released many new ones, but Suprastin is still on the list of vital drugs.

The drug is prescribed for adults and children, and at the appropriate dosage, the drug is approved for use in the treatment of newborns.

Clinical and pharmacological group

Suprastin is an antiallergic drug related to histamine H1 receptor blockers.

Composition and form of release

The main active ingredient of the drug is Chloropyramine hydrochloride. The drug is available in two dosage forms - in the form of tablets, and in the form of a solution for injection.

Tablets are disc-shaped, white, rarely grayish in color.

One tablet contains 25 mg of active chloropyramine and additional components - gelatin, stearic acid, talc, sodium carboxymethyl starch, lactose monohydrate, potato starch.

The injection solution has a transparent color and a slight characteristic odor. One milliliter contains 20 mg of chloropyramine and water for injection.

Suprastin solution is placed in 1 ml ampoules and it is intended for intramuscular or intravenous administration.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics.

Chloropyramine is a chlorinated analog of tripelenamine, which is part of the group of ethylenediamines and belongs to the very first generation of antihistamines.

Ongoing preclinical and clinical trials have established the therapeutic efficacy of chloropyramine in the treatment of patients with hay fever and a number of other allergic diseases.

Suprastin, after entering the body, blocks histamine H1 receptors. Due to this, the expression is reduced.

In addition to the antihistamine action, the drug has antipruritic, hypnotic and sedative effects. The antiemetic and antispasmodic effect of taking the drug has been proven.

Chloropyramine affects the permeability of capillaries, smooth muscles and organs of the central nervous system.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral intake of chloropyramine in the body, the drug is rapidly absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. The therapeutic effect begins to develop in most patients after 15-30 minutes and reaches its maximum by the end of the first hour.

The action of Suprastin lasts from three to six hours.

Chloropyramine is metabolized by liver cells, metabolites are excreted in the urine.

In children, the components of the drug are generally excreted faster than in adult patients.

The excretion of the drug is slowed down in case of impaired renal function. In patients with hepatic insufficiency, the metabolism of the active substance is reduced, so they need to adjust the dose on an individual basis.

Indications for use

Suprastin is considered a universal antiallergic agent, its appointment is justified even if the specific allergen that caused the hypersensitivity reaction has not been established.

The medicine is included in the therapy regimen:

• Urticaria;
• serum sickness;
• Quincke's edema;
• Seasonal and year-round form;
• Allergic conjunctivitis;
• Eczema. The drug is prescribed both in the acute and chronic stages of the disease;
• Allergies that develop under the influence of food and drugs;
• Dermatitis occurring with;
• Reactions to .

Often Suprastin is prescribed in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections. Under its influence, swelling of the nasal passages decreases, which makes breathing easier. The doctor determines the need for medication.

Contraindications

Both tablets and the injectable form of the drug are contraindicated:

• With the development of an acute attack of bronchial asthma.
• In case of hypersensitivity to one or more components, as well as to ethylenediamine derivatives.
• Patients with gastric ulcer, arrhythmia, acute heart attack, prostate hypertrophy, urinary retention.
• During treatment with MAO inhibitors.
• Women in the lactation period.

Instructions for use, dosage

The dosage of the drug, the frequency of its use and the duration of the course is determined by the doctor after examining the patient and evaluating his tests.

The instructions for use indicate only recommended treatment regimens, depending on the dosage form of the drug and the age of the patient.

The use of tablets

Suprastin tablets should be taken with meals, they are drunk without chewing and washed down with clean water.

For adults, the daily dose of the drug is 75-100 mg, which is three to four tablets. They are drunk one at a time at regular intervals throughout the day.

For children, the dosage is:

• At the age of one month and up to a year ¼ tablets 2-3 times a day.
• At the age of one to three years, a single dose is ¼ with the condition of use 3 times a day or 1/3 when taking Suprastin twice a day.
• From the age of three to six years - a single dose of ½, take it twice a day.
• At the age of 6 and up to 14 years, a single dose is ½, the drug is taken 2-3 times a day.

When prescribing a medicine for children, it should be borne in mind that the daily dose should not be more than 2 mg per kilogram of weight. For babies, it is recommended that the tablet be crushed into powder and mixed with water or a small amount of regular food.

Treatment with Suprastin is stopped after the complete disappearance of the symptoms of an allergic disease. The maximum dose per day for adults is 4 tablets.

The dosage of the drug is reduced or increased depending on how the human body reacts to the treatment.

The use of Suprastin in injections

Injectable Suprastin is mainly administered intramuscularly.

Intravenous injections are used once or twice for the relief of severe allergic reactions and anaphylactic shock.

After intravenous injections, they switch to intramuscular use of the drug, the doctor can also replace the injections with tablets.

The daily dose of Suprastin in injections for adults is no more than 2 ml.

When prescribing injections to children, their age is taken into account, the initial dose is:

• At the age of 1 to 12 months - 0.25 ml or ¼ ampoules.
• At the age of one year and up to 6 years - 0.5 ml or ½ ampoule.
• At the age of 6 and up to 14 years - ½ or 1 ampoule, which is 0.5 and 1 ml, respectively.

For small children, it is better to use an insulin syringe with a long needle for intramuscular injection.

With established impaired renal function, the dose of Suprastin is reduced. It may be less for patients with liver disease, for the elderly, and for malnourished people.

The need for a dose reduction is determined by the attending physician.

Side effects

Since Suprastin belongs to the first generation antihistamines, unwanted reactions may develop when taking the drug. The likelihood of their occurrence increases when the dose and frequency of taking the medicine are exceeded.

After stopping treatment, all adverse reactions disappear without the use of medications.

Most often, patients note:

• Sedation, dizziness, fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, headache, euphoria, drowsiness. Perhaps the development of encephalopathy, seizures, changes in psychomotor functions.
• Arrhythmia, tachycardia, arterial hypotension.
• Discomfort and pain in the epigastrium, dry mouth, nausea, constipation or diarrhea, changes in appetite, increased manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux. With prolonged use, the development of anorexia is not excluded.
• Urinary retention and dysuria.
• Light sensitivity.
• Allergic reactions in the form of itching, urticaria, rashes. In rare cases, Quincke's edema develops.

In blood tests when taking Suprastin, there may be the following changes - thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis.

Increases the likelihood of developing glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure.

Overdose

Accidental or intentional overdose of Suprastin is extremely dangerous. Taking large amounts of chloropyramine is fatal, especially for children.

Overdose manifests itself:

• hallucinations;
• increased anxiety;
• Violation of coordination of movements;
• Ataxia - a violation of muscle movements;
• Convulsions.

In children with an overdose, there is generally a strong excitation. There is sinus tachycardia, dilated pupils, reddening of the skin of the face, fever, severe dry mouth, urinary retention.

In adults, febrile syndrome and hot flashes are not always present, arousal may be accompanied by convulsions and depression.

The development of coma and cardiopulmonary collapse leads, in the absence of medical assistance, to the death of the patient within 2-18 hours.

Treatment should begin with gastric lavage. Since chloropyramine slows down the motor activity of the stomach, washing is considered effective within 12 hours after taking a large dose of Suprastin. After this procedure, enterosorbents are prescribed.

There is no specific antidote for Suprastin, so the treatment is selected based on the symptoms. Be sure to control the functioning of the heart and respiratory system.

Main patient groups

In pediatrics, the tablet form of the drug is most often used. In the first month of life, it is necessary to use the drug only according to indications, the need for its appointment is determined by the pediatrician.

The drug in the minimum dosage is often prescribed from birth, excluding the period of prematurity.

For mild allergies, babies are often given a single dose once a day.

Often suprastin is included in the treatment regimen for ARVI. The drug reduces swelling of the mucous membranes and nasal congestion.

Penetrating through the blood-brain barrier, Suprastin acts on the cough center, which reduces this symptom of the disease. The dosage for children is selected by the doctor.

Treatment with Suprastin in adults and children should not last more than one week. If during this time the allergy symptoms do not go away, then another is prescribed.

Suprastin is recommended for use in situations where an allergy develops unexpectedly and the exact allergen is not known. With constant relapses of allergic diseases, it is necessary to use drugs that have fewer side effects.

drug interaction

If these drugs are used with Suprastin at the same time, then the likelihood of increasing their therapeutic effect increases.

Pregnancy and lactation

Controlled studies on the safety of treatment with Suprastin in pregnant women have not been conducted. Therefore, this drug is not prescribed in the first trimester and in the last month of pregnancy.

Its use during these periods is justified only if the possible benefit of treatment with Suprastin to the mother outweighs the likely risk of negative effects on the fetus.

If there is a need to use the drug during the lactation period, then breastfeeding should be suspended for the period of therapy.

special instructions

The instructions for use of Suprastin indicate that this antihistamine, when used simultaneously with ototoxic drugs, can mask the first signs indicating a violation of the hearing organs.

Taking the drug in the evening sometimes enhances the manifestations of reflux esophagitis. Therefore, patients with this disease should take the medicine a few hours before bedtime.

Suprastin has the ability to enhance the effect of ethanol on the organs of the central nervous system. In this regard, during the treatment with this drug, alcohol intake should be completely excluded.

Each Suprastin tablet contains 116 mg of lactose monohydrate. This amount is enough to cause unwanted changes in well-being in people with lactase deficiency, galactosemia, galactose / glucose absorption disorder syndrome.

Suprastin often leads to increased fatigue, dizziness and drowsiness. These reactions are especially pronounced at the initial stage of treatment.

In this regard, patients in the first days of therapy are prohibited from working on complex mechanisms or driving vehicles. In the future, these restrictions can be lifted, but only the doctor decides.

With impaired liver and kidney function

With existing pathologies of the liver and kidneys, the patient must notify the attending physician in advance. Depending on the degree of dysfunction of these organs, it may be necessary to select an individual dose, most often the dosage of Suprastin is reduced.

The likelihood of developing severe drowsiness and dizziness is increased in the elderly and in malnourished people. Therefore, Suprastin is prescribed to these categories of patients with caution or is replaced by a safer analogue.

Active substance

Chloropyramine*(Chloropyraminum)

ATH:

Pharmacological group

• - antihistamines

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

Compound

Description of the dosage form

Tablets: white or grayish-white tablets in the form of a disk, beveled, engraved with "SUPRASTIN" on one side of the tablet and a notch on the other, odorless or almost odorless.

Solution: clear, colorless aqueous solution with a slight characteristic odor.

pharmachologic effect

pharmachologic effect- antihistamine, antiallergic .

Pharmacodynamics

Chloropyramine is a chlorinated analogue of tripelenamine (pyribenzamine) - a classic antihistamine drug belonging to the group of ethylenediamine antihistamines.

Blocker of H 1 -histamine receptors, has antihistamine and m-anticholinergic effects, has an antiemetic effect, moderate antispasmodic and peripheral anticholinergic activity.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, it is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The therapeutic effect of chloropyramine develops within 15-30 minutes after ingestion, reaches a maximum within the first hour after ingestion and lasts at least 3-6 hours. It is well distributed in the body, including the central nervous system. Intensively metabolized in the liver. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys. In children, the excretion of the drug is faster than in adult patients.

Indications of the drug

hives;

angioedema (Quincke's edema);

serum sickness;

seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis;

conjunctivitis;

contact dermatitis;

skin itching;

acute and chronic eczema;

atopic dermatitis;

food and drug allergies;

allergic reactions to insect bites.

Contraindications

hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;

acute attack of bronchial asthma;

newborn children (term and premature);

pregnancy;

lactation period.

Carefully: angle-closure glaucoma, urinary retention, prostatic hyperplasia, abnormal liver and / or kidney function, cardiovascular disease, elderly patients.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

There have been no adequate, well-controlled studies of the use of antihistamines in pregnant women. In accordance with this, Suprastin ® should be taken during pregnancy (especially in the first trimester and in the last month) only if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation should decide on the suspension of breastfeeding.

Side effects

Side effects, as a rule, occur extremely rarely, are temporary, disappear after the drug is discontinued.

From the side of the central nervous system: drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, nervous excitement, tremor, headache, euphoria.

From the gastrointestinal tract: discomfort in the abdomen, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, lack or increase in appetite, pain in the upper abdomen.

From the side of the cardiovascular system: decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmia. A direct relationship of these side effects with taking the drug has not always been established.

From the hematopoietic system: very rarely - leukopenia, agranulocytosis.

Other: difficulty urinating, muscle weakness, increased intraocular pressure, photosensitivity.

If any of the above effects occur, stop taking the drug and consult a doctor immediately.

Interaction

The drug should be used with caution with sedatives, tranquilizers, analgesics, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, atropine and / or sympatholytics, because. with the simultaneous use of the effects of these drugs may increase.

Dosage and administration

Tablets

inside, during meals, without chewing and drinking plenty of water.

Adults: appoint 1 table. 3-4 times a day (75-100 mg/day).

Children: at the age of 1 to 12 months - 1/4 table. (6.5 mg) 2-3 times a day (when crushed to a powder, along with baby food); from 1 to 6 years - 1/4 tab. 3 times a day or 1/2 tab. 2 times a day; from 6 to 14 years - 1/2 tab. (12.5 mg) 2-3 times a day.

The dose can be gradually increased in the absence of side effects in the patient, but the maximum dose should never exceed 2 mg/kg body weight.

Injection:

V / m, in / in(used only in acute severe cases under medical supervision!)

The dose can be carefully increased depending on the response of the patient and the observed side effects. However, the dose should never exceed 2 mg/kg. In severe allergies, treatment should begin with a cautious slow intravenous injection, and then continue with intramuscular injections or oral administration of the drug.

Elderly, debilitated patients: the use of the drug Suprastin ® requires special care, because. in these patients, antihistamines often cause side effects (dizziness, drowsiness).

Patients with impaired liver function: dose reduction may be required due to a decrease in the metabolism of the active component of the drug in liver diseases.

Patients with impaired renal function: it may be necessary to change the regimen of the drug and reduce the dose due to the fact that the active ingredient is mainly excreted through the kidneys.

Overdose

Symptoms: hallucinations, anxiety, ataxia, incoordination, athetosis, convulsions. In young children - agitation, anxiety, dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, facial flushing, sinus tachycardia, urinary retention, fever, coma.

In adults, fever and flushing of the face are observed inconsistently, after a period of excitement, convulsions and postconvulsive depression, coma follow.

Treatment: in the period up to 12 hours after taking the drug inside, gastric lavage is necessary (it should be borne in mind that the anticholinergic effect of the drug prevents gastric emptying). The use of activated carbon is also shown.

It is necessary to control the parameters of blood pressure and respiration. Symptomatic therapy, resuscitation. The specific antidote is unknown.

special instructions

Each tablet contains 116 mg lactose monohydrate. This amount may cause adverse reactions in patients with lactose deficiency or rare metabolic disorders - galactosemia or glucose / galactose malabsorption syndrome.

When combined with ototoxic drugs, Suprastin ® may mask early signs of ototoxicity.

Diseases of the liver and kidneys may require a change (reduction) in the dose of the drug, and therefore the patient should inform the doctor about the presence of liver or kidney disease. Taking the drug at night can increase the symptoms of reflux esophagitis. Suprastin ® may enhance the effect of alcohol on the central nervous system, and therefore, while taking the drug Suprastin ®, you should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages.

Influence on the ability to drive a car or perform work that requires an increased speed of physical and mental reactions. The drug, especially in the initial period of treatment, can cause drowsiness, fatigue and dizziness. Therefore, in the initial period, the duration of which is determined individually, it is prohibited to drive vehicles or perform work associated with an increased risk of accidents. After that, the degree of restriction on driving vehicles and working with mechanisms, the doctor must determine for each patient individually.

Release form

The prevalence of allergic reactions, including in children, makes it necessary to keep some kind of antihistamine in the medicine cabinet. Suprastin is among those drugs that can quickly relieve allergy symptoms. Even before using it, you should know all the features of the application, dosage, indications and contraindications.

Release form

This antihistamine is available in two forms:

• tableted (each tablet contains 25 mg of the active substance);
• in the form of ampoules.

Tablets. The whitish-gray tablet has a groove, so it is very easy to split it in half, as well as to separate a quarter. Tablets are sold in blisters and vials. The packaging is always supplied with instructions.

Auxiliary components include:

• gelatin;
• talc;
• starch and other substances.

Ampoules. Release in the format of ampoules is focused on intravenous or intramuscular use. The content of the ampoules is a colorless solution. Each of them contains water and 20 mg of the substance chlorpyramine hydrochloride. Packages may contain from 5 to 10 ampoules.

Compound

A drug widely used in pediatrics for the relief of allergy manifestations is based on chloropyramine hydrochloride. It is he who acts as a blocker of receptors responsible for sensitivity to histamine.

The first effect of the tablet is noticeable after 25 minutes. after taking. The effect of the drug persists for a period of 3 to 6 hours. Excretion from the body is carried out through the kidneys. In the younger age group, this process is even faster than in the older one.

Action

The effect of the drug on the child's body:

• removal of puffiness;
• elimination of redness;
• removal of spasms of smooth muscles;
• antiemetic;
• soothing;
• hypnotic.

Among the advantages of treatment with Suprastin:

1. The ability to treat babies from the age of one month;
2. The rapid onset of action of the drug is about a quarter of an hour.
3. Preservation of action on the body for 3 - 6 hours.

In addition to the advantages, Suprastin has some disadvantages:

1. Sedative effect causing drowsiness.
2. Presence of side effects.
3. Inability to use in children with liver and kidney disease.
4. For effective treatment, you need to take 2 to 3 times a day, depending on the age of the child and the doctor's prescription.

Indications

The medicine is indicated for children with the following allergic manifestations:

• skin itching;
• hay fever;
• conjunctivitis;
• reaction to animal hair, plant pollen, etc.;
• rhinitis;
• dermatitis (contact, atopic);
• hives;
• eczema in acute or chronic form;
• reaction to food
• reaction as a result of insect bites;
• drug allergy.

In some cases, when the baby has an allergy, the pediatrician may recommend prescribing medication before the vaccination and for the next 2 to 3 days.

Contraindications

As a rule, the medicine is well tolerated by children. There are very few contraindications. Among them are:

• individual negative reaction to the main or auxiliary substance;
• age up to one month;
• lactose intolerance;
• toxemia;
• an attack of bronchial asthma.

Dosage adjustment may be necessary if the child has diseases:

• of cardio-vascular system;
• kidney pathology;
• serious liver problems.

Side effects

Suprastin belongs to the first generation of antihistamine drugs, therefore, it can cause such side effects:

• lethargy;
• headache;
• nausea;
• gastrointestinal problems;
• tremor;
• pressure reduction;
• tachycardia;
• muscle weakness, etc.

Instructions for use for children

Appointment, especially for the smallest children, should be carried out only under medical supervision. If the child is under one year of age, then the tablet should be carefully crushed. For convenience, the medicine is placed between two spoons and crushed.

Admission rules

Suprastin is taken as long as the presence of the source of the allergy persists, and symptoms are present. It is impossible to stop taking the drug abruptly, as a withdrawal syndrome may occur, accompanied by severe consequences, even to the point of suffocation.

In order for the treatment to be effective, it is best to give the antihistamine to the child with food, drinking plenty of water. The first relief of the condition becomes noticeable after a quarter of an hour, and after an hour the concentration in the blood of the active substance reaches its maximum.

Since the antihistamine effect lasts for several hours, the drug should be taken 2 to 3 times a day, depending on the doctor's prescription and the age of the child.

Dosage

The use of the drug depends on the age of the child, and for the tablet form of release is as follows:

The given dosages are standard. If necessary, the doctor may increase the recommended dose of the drug, but in any case, it should not exceed 2 mg per kilogram of the child's weight.

With the development of pharmacology, a medicine was created based on suprastin in the form of drops - Suprastinex. The required amount of the drug is measured using a nozzle in a tablespoon or in a cup of water. Drops should be taken immediately after dilution in water.

Note! In the form of drops, the drug is not used to treat children under 2 years of age due to the lack of clinical data.

If it is necessary to quickly achieve a therapeutic effect from the drug, it can be prescribed in the form of injections. It is desirable that this manipulation of the child was carried out by a health worker.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, the following symptoms may appear:

• fever;
• pupil dilation;
• tachycardia;
• anxiety;
• excitation of the nervous system.

If it is suspected that the dosage has been exceeded, it is necessary for the child to wash the stomach, give him activated charcoal and immediately call an ambulance.

Application features

The drug has the ability to enhance the effect of certain drugs: sedatives, antidepressants, tranquilizers, atropine. In this regard, it is advisable not to combine their intake with Suprastin.

When combined with analgin, the effect of anesthesia will be enhanced. And to quickly reduce the temperature, a combination of no-shpy, analgin and suprastin can be used.

Original instructions for use for tablets and ampoules — Download

Analogues

A complete analogue of Suprastin is Chloropyramine used from 1 year, the cost is from 60 rubles.

Popular antiallergic drugs for children with a similar effect include:

Suprastin- a popular antihistamine drug that has anti-allergic, anti-edematous and antipruritic effects. It is widely used for the treatment of allergic conditions and the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract in adults and children. The drug is included in the list of vital drugs.

Suprastin is a prominent representative of the first generation of antihistamines, the mechanism of application of which is aimed at blocking histamine receptors and providing an antispasmodic effect. Numerous studies that have been conducted on chloropyramine have shown that Suprastin is very effective in the treatment of hay fever and other allergic pathologies.

Despite the emergence of drugs of the latest generations with a limited list of side effects, Suprastin is still used when an immediate effect is needed. 15 minutes pass - and the first signs of the action of an anti-allergic agent are already noticeable. However, do not forget that self-treatment can lead to undesirable results. Self-administration of Suprastin can be a single appointment before the doctor arrives, only in an emergency. Or if there is confidence that the child really has an allergy attack and there have already been such signs before and the drug has already been prescribed.

Description of the drug Suprastin is not intended for prescribing treatment without the participation of a doctor.

Instructions for use:

How suprastin works

In the treatment of allergic reactions, drugs are used that affect the metabolism of histamine (antihistamines). The action of suprastin in allergies is primarily aimed at suppressing the activity of histamine. Suprastin blocks histamine receptors (H1), thus preventing the appearance of signs and symptoms of allergies. In addition, suprastin has a pronounced antipruritic effect.

After taking suprastin inside, the drug is quickly and completely absorbed into the blood from the intestine. The maximum concentration of the drug is reached 2 hours after application. As a rule, suprastin is well distributed in the human body (penetrates the brain). Excretion of the drug is carried out through the kidneys (in case of renal insufficiency, the dose of the drug should be reduced).

Pharmacodynamics

Chloropyramine is a chlorinated analogue of tripelenamine (pyribenzamine) - a classic antihistamine drug belonging to the group of ethylenediamine antihistamines. Blocker of H1-histamine receptors, has an antihistamine and m-anticholinergic effect, has an antiemetic effect, moderate antispasmodic and peripheral anticholinergic activity.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, it is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The therapeutic effect of chloropyramine develops within 15-30 minutes after ingestion, reaches a maximum within the first hour after ingestion and lasts at least 3-6 hours. It is well distributed in the body, including the central nervous system(CNS). Intensively metabolized in the liver. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys. In children, the excretion of the drug is faster than in adult patients.

Indications suprastin

• hives;
• angioedema (Quincke's edema);
• serum sickness;
• seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis;
• conjunctivitis;
• contact dermatitis;
• skin itching;
• acute and chronic eczema;
• atopic dermatitis;
• food and drug allergies;
• allergic reactions to insect bites.

Contraindications

• hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
• acute attack of bronchial asthma;
• newborn children (term and premature);
• pregnancy;
• lactation period.

Carefully:

• angle-closure glaucoma;
• urinary retention;
• prostatic hyperplasia;
• abnormal liver and / or kidney function;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• elderly patients.

Method of application and dosage of suprastin

Tablets are taken orally during meals, without chewing and drinking plenty of water.

Adults

Assign 1 tablet 3-4 times a day (75-100 mg per day).

children

The dose can be gradually increased in the absence of side effects in the patient, but the maximum dose should never exceed 2 mg/kg of body weight.

Special patient groups

Elderly, malnourished patients: the use of the drug Suprastin requires special care, because. in these patients, antihistamines often cause side effects (dizziness, drowsiness).

Patients with impaired liver function: a dose reduction may be required due to a decrease in the metabolism of the active component of the drug in liver diseases.

Patients with impaired renal function: it may be necessary to change the regimen of the drug and reduce the dose due to the fact that the active ingredient is mainly excreted through the kidneys.

How long can suprastin be taken

The course of treatment with Suprastin is prescribed by a doctor and is selected individually for each patient, depending on the course of the disease and its complexity.

The use of suprastin during pregnancy

There have been no adequate and well-controlled studies of the use of antihistamines in pregnancy. Therefore, the use of the drug in pregnant women (especially in the first trimester and in the last month of pregnancy) is possible only if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus.

If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation should stop breastfeeding.

The use of suprastin in childhood

It can be used according to indications and in doses that take into account the age of the patient. The drug is not prescribed to newborns (including premature babies). The medicine is recommended for children from 1 month of age. The course and frequency of application directly depend on the pathological process. With mild manifestations of an allergic reaction, the drug can be given to the child no more than 1 time per day. And if the allergy proceeds in a complex form, then you can take the drug 3 times a day.

Parents should remember that a child may have a completely atypical reaction to the drug Suprastin in the form of hyperexcitability, anxiety and insomnia. The course of treatment of children with Suprastin can not be more than 7 days, if during this period of time the signs of allergy have not disappeared, then you need to seek help from a doctor.

Side effects

Side effects, as a rule, occur extremely rarely, are temporary, disappear after the drug is discontinued.

Other: difficulty urinating, muscle weakness, increased intraocular pressure, photosensitivity.

If any of the above effects occur, you should stop taking the drug and consult a doctor immediately.

Overdose

Symptoms

• hallucinations;
• anxiety;
• ataxia;
• impaired coordination of movements;
• athetosis;
• convulsions.

In young children, agitation, anxiety, dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, reddening of the face, sinus tachycardia, urinary retention, fever, coma.

In adults, fever and flushing of the face are observed inconsistently, after a period of excitement, convulsions and postconvulsive depression, coma follow.

Treatment

In the period up to 12 hours after taking the drug inside, gastric lavage is necessary (it should be borne in mind that the emptying of the stomach is prevented by the anticholinergic effect of the drug). The use of activated carbon is also shown. It is necessary to control the parameters of blood pressure and respiration. Symptomatic therapy. resuscitation activities. The specific antidote is not known.

Interaction with other drugs

The drug should be used with caution with sedatives, tranquilizers, analgesics, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, atropine and / or sympatholytics, since the effects of these drugs may increase with simultaneous use.

Interaction of suprastin with alcohol

Suprastin tends to enhance the effect of ethyl alcohol on the central nervous system. For the duration of the course therapy, you should refrain from any alcohol (including medicinal tinctures).

Special instructions for use

Each tablet contains 116 mg lactose monohydrate. This amount may cause adverse reactions in patients with lactose deficiency or rare metabolic disorders - galactosemia or glucose / galactose malabsorption syndrome.

When combined with ototoxic drugs, Suprastin may mask early signs of ototoxicity.

Diseases of the liver and kidneys may require a change (reduction) in the dose of the drug, and therefore the patient should inform the doctor about the presence of

Transport and mechanisms management

The drug, especially in the initial period of treatment, can cause drowsiness, fatigue and dizziness. Therefore, in the initial period, the duration of which is determined individually, it is prohibited to drive vehicles or perform work associated with an increased risk of accidents. After that, the degree of restriction on driving vehicles and working with mechanisms, the doctor must determine for each patient individually.

Release form

Tablets 25 mg. 20 tablets in brown glass bottles with PE caps. The bottle is packed in a cardboard box along with instructions for medical use. Or 10 tablets in a blister. 2 blisters are packed in a cardboard box along with instructions for medical use.

In addition to the standard pack in pharmacies, there is a variety in the form of ampoules containing 20 mg of chloropyramine hydrochloride. It is sold in packs of 5 ampoules and contains, in addition to the active substance, water for injection.

A solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration is used when it is urgent to relieve allergy symptoms - Quincke's edema, suffocation or convulsions. In such cases, the solution is administered intravenously for instant action. For use at home, it is necessary to have the skills of intravenous injection in children.

Storage conditions

At a temperature of 15–25 °C, out of the reach of children.

Best before date

5 years. Do not use after the date indicated on the packaging.

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

Without recipe.

The price of suprastin

• tablets of 20 pcs. in a package - from 110 rubles;
• solution of 10 ampoules per pack - from 150 rubles.

Suprastin analogs

To date, there are a large number of antihistamines that help to effectively deal with allergic reactions of the body to any of the existing allergens, the most common:

• Suprastinex;
• Cetrin;
• Zyrtec;
• Loratadin-Hemofarm;
• Erius;
• Tavegil;
• Chlorpyramine-Perein;
• Disolin;
• Zodak;
• Claritin;
• Fenistil;
• Aleron.

Suprastin or tavegil

What is better to take during the allergy period - Suprastin or Tavegil? These drugs belong to the same group of drugs - antihistamines. The main indication for both Suprastin and Tavegil are allergic diseases of various nature.

But what is better - Tavegil or Suprastin? The main difference between these drugs is the manufacturer: Suprastin is a domestic medicine, Tavegil is a foreign one. Unlike Suprastin, Tavegil is prescribed for children over the age of six.

The effectiveness of both drugs is quite high. Both drugs belong to the first generation of antiallergic drugs. The basis of Tavegil is the substance clemastine, and Suprastin is chloropyramine.

In Suprastin, a pronounced side effect is severe drowsiness. Tavegil is deprived of this side effect, which distinguishes it favorably from Suprastin. However, Tavegil has a much wider range of contraindications and side effects.

Suprastin or Cetrine

Cetrin (cetirizine hydrochloride) is a 2nd generation agent that is a highly selective H1-type histamine prescription antagonist. The drug has 2 forms of release - tablets, which are used in patients older than 6 years, and syrup, which is prescribed from 2 years of age.

Cetirizine hydrochloride is practically not biotransformed in the body, the rate of its excretion is associated with the functional state of the kidneys. A feature of the drug is the ability to penetrate well into the skin, which makes Cetrin especially effective for skin manifestations of allergies.

The drug does not have a proarrhythmic effect, which has been proven in preclinical and clinical studies. This means that the use of Cetrin is much less often accompanied by the development of adverse reactions than the use of 1st generation agents. At the same time, the degree of severity of the latter is also less than that of Suprastin.

If we talk about anti-allergic activity, then Suprastin is considered a slightly stronger remedy.

Questions and answers on the topic "Suprastin"

Question:Hello! My son (4 years old) has bronchial asthma, a mild degree, at the end of May there was an exacerbation, for 10 days they drank suprastinex 10 drops once a day. Allergy symptoms are showing up again today. Is it possible to start a course of suprastinex again? At what time intervals can suprastinex be given?

Answer: Treatment with the drug can be stopped when the symptoms disappear and resumed when they appear.

Question:Hello. Today we were vaccinated (hepatitis B, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus), they told us to drink suprastin 1/4 before meals at home, but they didn’t tell us how many times a day to give and how long to take it either. Son is 4 months old. Do I need to give suprastin and how many times?

Answer: Hello! Usually, antihistamines are prescribed for children with manifestations of an allergic mood (diathesis, rashes, true eczema). In this case, they can be prescribed 3 days before vaccination - and with pronounced changes in the skin, they are given within 5-7 days after it. Suprastin is dosed at 1-2 mg / kg per day. If, for example, your baby weighs 7 kg, he needs 7-14 mg of suprastin per day. In 1 tablet - 25 mg. That is, with unsharply expressed allergic manifestations (and you would probably report about sharply expressed ones), 1/4 tablet is quite enough once a day.