Early caries of milk teeth. Caries of temporary teeth in young children: treat or prevent

Caries of milk teeth in young children is a common problem that needs timely treatment, because not only the beauty of the baby’s smile, but also the state of health depends on it.

This disease of hard tissues of the tooth affects adults and children, milk teeth and permanent ones. Every year, the spread of carious lesions becomes more and more widespread. More than 80% of children under three years of age have carious cavities in milk teeth.

The distinctive features of the course and treatment of childhood caries lead to the need to search for new methods of treatment and improve old ones.

Psychological trauma inflicted in early childhood and associated with toothache is deposited in the subconscious for life and leads to fear of dental treatment. That is why the approach to the treatment of caries in young patients should be gentle and painless.

The reasons

Factors that influence the development of the carious process:

insufficient hygiene - this procedure falls entirely on the shoulders of parents whose children have not reached another 2-3 years. With the appearance of the first tooth, they should have a rule of daily brushing with gauze or finger brushes without the use of paste;
sweet mixtures and drinking - in medicine there is the concept of "bottle caries", which occurs from the frequent feeding of a child at night with sweet mixtures or sweet drinks. Less saliva is produced at night, it does not wash the teeth well enough, and carbohydrates provoke the growth of cariogenic microflora;
excessive consumption of sugars (sweets) is one of the main reasons why caries is formed;
soft food - teeth are conceived by nature in order to tear off and grind food. When a child eats predominantly soft foods and neglects hard foods such as fruits and vegetables, there is no mechanical self-cleaning of the teeth;
low mineral content - insufficient intake of substances such as calcium, fluorine and phosphorus with food leads to the fact that the structural components of the enamel do not receive “building” material for strengthening;
heredity - the genetic prerequisites for the occurrence of childhood caries cannot be denied, because such a relationship can be traced through the example of many families.

Caries of milk teeth in young children can be prevented by preventive methods. For example, our site already has an article about games and a coloring calendar.

Symptoms

The appearance of these signs signals that it is time to take the child to the dentist:

change in the uniformity of the color of the enamel and the appearance of white spots (as with);
discomfort from temperature and chemical irritants;
pain when eating;
bad breath.

The initial signs in the structure of the enamel are hardly noticeable, so parents should be attentive to the smile of their baby and take them to the dentist’s office 2-3 times a year, because caries spreads in children much faster (!) than in adults.

The nature of the child's complaints depends on the stage of the disease.

With the initial manifestations of carious disease, with the exception of a change in the appearance of the teeth, nothing is noticeable and nothing hurts.
When the process enters the next stage - the superficial one, then most often the child will also not be bothered by anything. At this stage, caries can be cured with no drill.
The appearance of crater-shaped cavities, pain sensitivity when eating, especially those with a sharp difference in temperature, discomfort from food getting stuck, indicates a deepening of caries to an average level.
At the last stage, pain during chewing joins all the previous symptoms.

A photo

Diagnostics

There are four stages in the development of caries:

elementary;
surface;
average;

The initial form looks like whitish spots and stripes on the surface of the enamel, and this surface becomes rough, loses its natural luster, acquiring chalky spots. Loss of tooth tissue at this stage does not yet occur.

The superficial form is characterized by the destruction of the tooth to the enamel border. Depending on the individual sensitivity of the child, complaints of pain may be absent. The enamel acquires a hue that varies from light brown to black.

The average is considered to be the form to which parents already independently pay attention and understand that the time has come for treatment. Here there are complaints of pain from irritating substances and temperature effects, and a hole appears that affects the enamel and dentin. The color of the cavity depends on whether the disease is acute or chronic.

The deep form is rarely found in children, as it quickly turns into pulpitis, because the chamber where the nerve is located is wide and occupies a large area in the crown of the tooth. The child often says that it hurts him to eat, and when eating, he tries not to chew on the sore side.

Video: about children's teeth at Dr. Komarovsky's school.

Caries of milk teeth in children and its treatment

Parents should understand that the carious process in milk teeth is subject to mandatory treatment, because it affects the health of not only permanent teeth, but also the body. Caries is an infectious process, and the earlier the stage, the less painful the preparation will be.

Choosing a dentist for your child's first visit to the clinic is very important. It depends on the professionalism and communication skills of the doctor how the child will treat this process in the future.

A good specialist when working with a child is guided by the following rules to stop the spread of caries:

30 minutes is the time that a child is able to sit quietly in a chair.
Anesthesia is carried out in two stages: first, an anesthetic gel is applied to the mucous membrane where the intended injection site is located, after which the drug is injected.
Drilling a carious cavity is necessary only in cases where it is impossible to remove the altered tissues in another way.

Each stage of a carious lesion has its own methods of treatment.

Remineralizing therapy and silvering are used to restore the enamel structure during initial changes.

silvering is a method that was popular among parents and doctors during the Soviet era, and is now being used to treat children under three years old. Silver has a strong antibacterial effect and does not allow the enamel to collapse further. The procedure is very simple: a solution of silver nitrate is applied to a cotton ball, after which the surface of the tooth is treated with it. Due to the persistent black staining of teeth, this method is less and less in demand;
remineralization - the action of the technique is based on the property of trace elements of fluorine and calcium to penetrate into the enamel structure and restore its crystal lattice. The range of drugs is wide, so the dentist selects the necessary remedy individually, depending on age, the level of intensity of caries and its form, acute or chronic. The disadvantage is that the treatment is carried out in a course, in order to achieve the effect, you will have to visit the dentist almost daily if office treatment is prescribed. In the case of home use, parental supervision should be carried out, since fluoride preparations in large quantities can cause poisoning.

For the treatment of medium and deep caries, when a cavity has formed, classical preparation is usually used, followed by filling the defect. But there are also alternatives:

drill preparation - used quite often. Typically, the doctor drills with a handpiece that runs at low speed and also uses water cooling. Children who have previously had a negative experience of treatment are afraid of such equipment, so parents should conduct appropriate psychological preparation, and the dentist should use a drill in cases where it is indispensable;
ART technique - the principle of operation is based on the use of hand tools to remove softened dental tissues. The use of enamel knives and excavators is completely painless and does not cause such stress for the baby as the previous method. However, it is not always possible to completely remove a carious lesion only with hand tools;
laser preparation - every year the use of laser in medicine increases. It has a strictly directed action, removes only the affected tissue and does not cause pain. However, not every clinic has such tips in its arsenal, and it will take more time to remove caries than when using a drill;
ozonation - this painless procedure saturates the tooth tissues with ozone and helps in the fight against microbes;
depophoresis - based on the penetration of active substances into the tissues of the tooth under the influence of an electric current.

For filling, glass ionomer cements, sealants, composites and compomers are used. The last group of materials includes colored fillings loved by parents. The child enthusiastically chooses the color of the material, and then proudly demonstrates his unusual fillings.

Video: caries in children, its treatment under general anesthesia - the experience of a young mother.

What to do if the child is afraid of dental treatment?

To reduce a child's fear:

have a conversation about the upcoming procedure, while not scaring the baby and not lying;
the first visit is desirable to do in order to get acquainted with the doctor and a simple examination of the oral cavity;
ask the dentist to show the child the tools, introduce the drill and let the baby touch it, because, as you know, the unknown breeds fear;
the day before, do not disturb the baby, let him spend the evening in a calm atmosphere;
as a thank you for good behavior at the dentist, you can give a toy or take you to an amusement park.

The first impression of dental procedures should not cause moral harm and discourage the desire for treatment.

Prevention

Teaching your baby to brush their teeth is an important action to keep them healthy, which should become a habit.

Caries of milk teeth in young children and its occurrence can be reduced by adhering to the following rules:

Brush your teeth in the morning and evening, and after each meal, teach your child to rinse his mouth with water.
Limit your intake of carbohydrate foods.
Enrich your child's diet with meat and dairy products, as well as fruits and vegetables.
Offer your child solid food - this mechanically cleans the teeth from plaque, and also puts a load on the periodontium, thereby increasing the blood supply to the gums.
Visit the dentist at least 2-3 times a year.

It is easier to provide a sufficient level of prevention than to treat the child later, because the condition of the milk bite affects the health of permanent teeth.

Effects

A neglected condition and untimely dental treatment has the following consequences:

with a weak immunity of a child, each carious tooth increases the likelihood that infectious diseases will occur in the oral cavity, such as thrush, etc. Pathogenic microflora with saliva enters the gastrointestinal tract and can cause general diseases;
in case of severe destruction, milk teeth will have to be removed. This negatively affects the formation of a permanent bite;
bad breath creates a barrier in communication with peers.

Video: how to avoid caries of milk teeth?

Additional questions

Is it necessary to treat caries of milk teeth in children?

Yes, it is subject to mandatory treatment, because it is a source of infection of the whole organism. Timely treatment of carious cavities and keeping the child's mouth in good condition is important for the formation of permanent teeth.

The development of a disease of hard tissues of milk teeth caused by the negative action of microorganisms can be affected by the child's tendency to colds, antibiotics, or other factors. Caries progresses faster in children than in adults. Treatment of milk teeth is carried out by special methods and has its own differences.

How is the treatment of caries of milk teeth in children under 3 years old

Postponing a visit to the dental clinic is not recommended at any age. Some parents believe that there is no need to treat milk teeth, but this opinion is a delusion. If you do not get rid of carious disease in a child on time, then this factor can negatively affect the general condition of the oral cavity in the future. Treatment is carried out according to sparing methods that give the baby a minimum of discomfort.

Caries in children under 3 years old has the following stages:

initial (characteristic spots appear on the enamel);
superficial (enamel is affected);
medium (affects enamel, partially dentin);
deep (microorganisms affect enamel and dentin).

Sweet foods, drinks, biscuits, dryers and other foods, which are predominantly present in the children's diet, negatively affect the enamel. For the prevention of diseases of hard tissues, a special technique for their silvering is used. This method is used by dentists in some cases for the treatment of caries in children under 3 years of age.

The essence of the silvering procedure is to apply 30% silver nitrate or a complex of fluorine and silver to the tooth enamel. The most common drugs are Argenat or Saforide. After treatment, a reaction occurs, as a result of which the dentinal tubules are closed and the effect of carious microorganisms is suppressed. You can silver your child's teeth at any dental clinic.

Removal of caries

Some parents wonder whether it is necessary to treat milk teeth in children when caries reaches the stage of complications. To eliminate the problem, in some cases, serious procedures are used using numerous equipment and surgical intervention. The child may experience severe stress, so the treatment is carried out using inhalation, non-inhalation or complex anesthesia. The procedure involves a thorough examination of children by a doctor, identification of contraindications and several stages of preparing the baby.

Fluoridation

The condition of the tooth enamel depends on many factors. One of the most important elements necessary for her health is fluoride. The deficiency of this component leads to weakening of the enamel and the development of carious disease. Modern dental technologies offer to carry out the procedure of fluoridation of milk teeth in two ways. In the first case, a special preparation is applied to the enamel with a brush, in the second case, the oral cavity is treated with a swab dipped in milk of calcium hydroxide and copper. The second method (deep fluoridation) is considered more effective.

How to stop children's caries

The defeat of the dentin of milk teeth occurs at an accelerated pace in children under 3 years of age. There are many ways to stop this process, but the choice of a particular one depends on individual characteristics, the stage of the disease, the causes of its occurrence, the location of the lesion (for example, caries on the front teeth), and the presence of complications. There is no single answer to the question of how children's teeth are treated. Determination of the desired technique is carried out by a dentist.

Deep

If the defeat of hard tissues of milk teeth has been ignored for a long time, then its stage reaches the most complex form. Deep caries is a serious violation of the condition of dentin and enamel. Stopping the development of the disease is carried out in two ways - the use of special medical pads or filling. In the presence of complications, dental treatment is carried out in children under anesthesia.

Surface

The main cause of the pain reaction to cold, hot, sour, salty or sweet food is damage to the tooth enamel. Carious cavities in this case can be not only dark, but also light. Superficial caries has similar symptoms. It is possible to stop the development of such a disease by filling the affected teeth and creating protection for healthy ones (silvering or fluoridation).

Average

The combination of a painful reaction to different types of food with a partial lesion of the dentin refers to the types of caries. These symptoms are typical for the middle stage of this disease. Treatment is carried out with the help of extensive filling, but with a slight damage to the pulp, the doctor may prescribe a conservative method to stop the development of the disease.

Flux

Ignoring carious lesions of the teeth leads to complications. Flux is the most dangerous of them. The first sign of inflammation is a painful swelling of the gums. In the absence of timely treatment, harmful microorganisms enter the bloodstream and spread through bone or muscle tissues. The elimination of this form of the disease is carried out by opening the tumor and following the recommendations of a specialist. In some cases, the dentist decides to remove the milk tooth.

Cost of treatment

Dental techniques are regularly supplemented with new methods using improved technologies. Treatment of caries in children under 3 years old can be carried out in public or private clinics. Prices for procedures will differ depending on the status of the medical institution, the scope of the proposed work, the need for additional procedures, the degree of damage to tooth enamel and tissues.

The occurrence of caries in children is due to many factors. Such a pathology is fraught with complications and is a chronic focus of infection, which is highly undesirable for a growing organism. Early diagnosis of caries is the key to rapid minimally invasive treatment.

Caries in children

Caries is a complex disease that affects the enamel and dentin of the teeth. This process proceeds slowly and gradually affects all hard tissues in layers. Carious lesions can occur at absolutely different ages.

The first teeth in a baby are extremely rarely damaged, but such a manifestation occurs when the enamel is not washed enough with saliva. This is due to the fact that children under one year old, as a rule, consume only breast milk and food in liquid form, which does not require active chewing, as a result of which sufficient saliva is not produced.

In children from 2 to 5 years of age, it often affects the chewing surfaces of the teeth. This is due to insufficient oral hygiene, because at this age, kids still awkwardly use a toothbrush and often refuse such a necessary procedure.

In schoolchildren, enamel lesions occur with malnutrition, an abundance of carbohydrate foods. Most often, interdental spaces and chewing surfaces are affected.

What is caries - video

Causes of pathology in childhood, risk factors

There can be several reasons for caries in children. The main ones are:

improper and rare oral hygiene;
the predominance of sweets in the diet;
insufficient secretion by the salivary glands;
the presence of viscous saliva;
calcium and fluorine deficiency in the child's diet;
anomalies in the development of enamel;
late weaning from the nipple;
lack of vitamin D;
hereditary predisposition.

One of the predisposing factors for the occurrence of carious lesions of the first milk teeth is breastfeeding, in which the baby, as a result of the act of sucking, has insufficient work of the salivary glands. In this case, natural cleaning of the oral cavity is not carried out.

Symptoms: caries in the stain stage, superficial, medium, deep lesions

To date, the following stages of the course of caries are distinguished:

The formation of a small stain on the enamel. In this case, there are no symptoms. You can see the defect with the naked eye.
Superficial damage. There is no discomfort, but the defect already affects the entire enamel and the upper layer of dentin.
Medium caries. There is significant damage to the dentin. In this case, characteristic symptoms occur. When eating sweets, pain may be felt. The defect on the chewing surfaces resembles a small dark hole.
Deep defeat. In this case, caries affects all layers of dentin and can reach the pulp chamber, where the nerve ending is located. This stage is characterized by severe pain when food enters the cavity. In this case, the tooth reacts to cold and hot.

Cervical, bottle caries

Cervical caries affects the surface of the tooth directly at the point of contact with the gum. This type often occurs in senior school age and develops as a result of the so-called wedge-shaped defect, characterized by the presence of a small notch on the neck of the tooth.

Symptoms appear only when sweet food enters the area. This causes severe pain.

Bottle caries affects children from 1 to 3 years old who are bottle-fed or breast-fed. The reason is that milk or formula remains in the mouth during night feedings, and this is a favorable environment for the development of bacteria. As a rule, this type of lesion does not cause any symptoms, but affects the rudiments of permanent teeth.

Contrary to popular belief, milk teeth also hurt. Although each child's progress and severity of symptoms may vary.

Diagnosis: X-ray, use of a detector and other methods

The main diagnostic measures that are carried out when determining caries in children:

X-ray. This method is based on the use of special equipment. With the help of x-rays, a picture of a diseased tooth is taken when a special conductive plate is applied to it. As a result, the doctor receives a detailed picture of the state of enamel and dentin.
Stomatoscopy. It is an examination of the oral cavity using optical equipment, which allows you to see each specific tooth in magnification.
Caries marker. A similar technique consists in using a special pink liquid - a detector, after washing off which there are colored areas that indicate the presence of carious damage.
Sounding. The easiest and most affordable way to study. A thin dental probe slides over the enamel. The places where the tool is stuck indicate the presence of a carious lesion. In addition, cavities are examined in this way. Affected dentin is soft, while healthy dentin is hard.

Differential diagnosis of caries in children - table

Name of the disease	Diagnostic methods	Differences
Caries	caries marker; x-ray; sounding; stomatoscopy.	dark color of damaged enamel; pain during probing; the presence of softened areas; the probe gets stuck when sliding; the pathological zone is stained with a caries marker.
Fluorosis	stomatoscopy; caries marker.	altered areas are not amenable to staining; multiple lesions; white color of damaged areas; lack of softened dentin.
Enamel hypoplasia	sounding; caries marker; stomatoscopy.	there are visible erosions on the surface of the enamel; there are no areas of darkening; when probing, slight depressions are found; caries-marker erosion is not stained.

The main methods of therapy: is it necessary to treat milk teeth

Treatment of caries is provided only in the dental clinic. It is impossible to get rid of it on your own. The initial stage of damage, when a stain occurs that does not affect the enamel, can be treated with the help of special compounds that saturate the affected area with fluorine and calcium, while remineralization of the changed area occurs. One of these active agents is Gluftored. However, if the process has already affected the dentin, then the treatment is carried out using a special dental unit.

In this case, the pathological area and some of the healthy tissues are excised using a spherical bur, which is a nozzle. It is selected depending on the location and size of the lesion. Medium caries is eliminated fairly quickly. A filling material is placed in the formed cavity, which hardens under the influence of an ultraviolet lamp.

With deep caries, the tooth is not treated. It is removed, as it can affect the rudiments of permanent teeth, which is very dangerous. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. As a rule, with a significant lesion, the tooth becomes mobile and is very easy to remove.

Many parents falsely believe that milk teeth do not need to be treated, but this is not the case. If this is not done, then the infection can spread to the periodontium - bone tissue, as a result of which not only the rudiments of permanent teeth will be damaged, but there will also be a potential risk of infection in the maxillary sinuses.

Features of the treatment of caries in children of the first year of life

Treatment of caries in children of the first year of life is not provided. The only thing that a woman who is breastfeeding a child should do is to review her diet and enrich it with calcium. To do this, you need to consume as much dairy products, nuts and oatmeal as possible. A formula-fed baby should be given more pure water to drink in order to compensate for the lack of saliva production.

Treatment of tooth decay in one-year-old and two-year-old babies: how to stop the process

At an early age, there is also no special treatment provided. This does not include dental equipment. To stop the process, the doctor can apply a remineralizing solution to the affected area and healthy teeth of the baby. Previously, in this case, the silvering method was used, but over the years it turned out to be ineffective. The disadvantage is the staining of the enamel in a characteristic gray color.

If the disease is at an advanced stage of development, then the affected dentin is drilled under local anesthesia or the affected tooth is removed. Although such methods of treatment are provided for children of an older age category, they can be used in rare cases.

The initial forms of caries are also eliminated by a non-invasive method. In dental practice, for the treatment of young children, a special gel is increasingly being used, which, when applied to the affected area, softens the carious dentin. It is easily removed from the cavity. In this case, additional filling is not applied.

Therapy of caries in preschool and school age

At preschool and school age, caries treatment is carried out in a standard way. The initial stage is eliminated by enamel remineralization, and medium and moderately deep lesions are removed with burs of various sizes. After that, a filling material is applied to restore the aesthetic and chewing functions of the tooth.

Prevention measures: what parents should do

As a preventive measure, many experts recommend:

teach your child how to properly brush their teeth (if this is not possible, then clean the baby’s mouth on their own);
balance the diet (include as many foods containing calcium as possible, as well as give the child more fresh vegetables and fruits that carry out mechanical cleaning of the enamel);
regulate the consumption of sweets.

How can you cover your baby's teeth to prevent disease

In addition, it is necessary to take the child to the dentist once every six months for a preventive examination and treatment of teeth with fluoride varnish or fluoride paste. This type of caries prevention is the most effective today.

A separate method for the prevention of fissure caries is the sealing of deep cavities with a composite material. This is done only if there are no changes in the enamel.

With the help of a special liquid filling material, large depressions on the tooth are sealed to prevent the accumulation of bacteria in them.

How to brush your teeth properly

Every child needs to know the correct algorithm for brushing their teeth. This should be taught by a parent or a dentist. The movements should be sweeping, you can not put too much pressure on the toothbrush. Before proceeding with the procedure, it is necessary to mentally divide the upper and lower jaws into two halves. At least 10 manipulations should be carried out on each side. The smile area should be cleaned in a circular motion.

Students should be taught to use dental floss. This is necessary to prevent contact caries. At the same time, manipulations are performed that clean hard-to-reach areas. This procedure is recommended to be carried out at least once a day.

In addition, the child should be explained and shown by example that after each meal it is necessary to rinse the mouth to prevent the growth of bacteria on the surface of the enamel. This removes food debris that can get stuck between the teeth or on chewing surfaces.

Consequences and complications

Unfortunately, the consequences of caries are very unfavorable, so this pathology should not be underestimated, even if it affects milk teeth. The main complication of this disease is acute pulpitis, which is accompanied by inflammation and decomposition of the nerve located in the root canal. The second consequence is periodontitis, which occurs when the infection penetrates into hard tissues.

At the same time, characteristic acute pain symptoms are noted. Fistulas can form - holes in the gums, from which purulent contents flow. Quite often, the affected tooth reacts to temperature changes, percussion becomes painful (when the pain intensifies when biting). In most cases, adjacent teeth are also affected by caries.

Treatment of caries in children of different ages is a mandatory measure to help prevent the recurrence of the disease. Proper brushing of teeth and regular oral hygiene reduce the risk of recurrence of the pathological process in the enamel to zero.

How is the treatment of caries of milk teeth in children under 3 years old

Caries in children under 3 years old has the following stages:

initial (characteristic spots appear on the enamel);
superficial (enamel is affected);
medium (affects enamel, partially dentin);
deep (microorganisms affect enamel and dentin).

Silvering milk teeth

Removal of caries

Fluoridation

How to stop children's caries

Deep

If the defeat of hard tissues of milk teeth has been ignored for a long time, then its stage reaches the most complex form. is a serious violation of the condition of dentin and enamel. Stopping the development of the disease is carried out in two ways - the use of special medical pads or filling. In the presence of complications, dental treatment is carried out in children under anesthesia.

Surface

Average

Flux

Cost of treatment

Price examples:

It is not difficult to pre-determine the amount of costs. Most dental clinics have their own websites that provide information materials and price lists. Photo examples show what initial caries or an advanced form of the disease looks like. By visually comparing the images, you can choose the proposed procedures from the price lists.

Bottle caries video

Sometimes at the age of 2-3 years, spots or caries appear on children's milk teeth. And some parents do not take their child to the dentist, referring to the fact that these are milk teeth, they will fall out anyway. This is the wrong approach. You can not turn a blind eye to caries in young children even if it's just starting. Although the causes of caries are very diverse, bacteria are to blame for the most part. And if they are not “exterminated”, then they will penetrate deep into the gums and get to the permanent teeth. And then the real problems begin.

Why do baby teeth start to hurt?

Causes of caries in young children

The reasons are divided into 2 main groups: occurring during pregnancy and after birth. Even at the time of the formation of a little man in the stomach, mothers may have problems. Teeth begin to form around the 12th week of pregnancy. That is why proper nutrition and taking vitamins is important from the very first weeks (and even days). If possible, the expectant mother should avoid taking medications.(antibiotics, in particular), because they can harm the child.

The baby's teeth are forming in the mother's belly.

Now we will deal with the reasons that, after the birth of a baby, can harm the teeth. Someone finds a pacifier a real salvation. However, if it is not “taken away” from the baby in time, problems may arise not only with bite and speech development, but also with health in the oral cavity as a whole. The same can be said for bottles. Did you know that there is bottle caries? There are currently no diagnoses.

So, bottle caries occurs in those children who cannot switch to drinking from a mug or even fall asleep with a bottle in their teeth.

The thing is that the liquid (and it is most often sweet) interacts with the teeth for a very long time. You know that most often, caries takes root in sweet teeth. Bacteria love sugar, so these carious monsters settle on the front teeth of babies. But still, they are children. It is so difficult for them to always refuse sweets. Grandparents and strive to treat the crumbs with candy. And if you do not brush your teeth immediately after eating sweets, the bacteria in your mouth will arrange a real feast.

How can you deny yourself such deliciousness!

Accumulating plaque is a real "crowd" of bacteria that are just waiting for the opportunity to settle throughout the mouth. That's why Daily brushing of teeth should become habitual for the baby.. And it doesn’t matter if his first tooth came out, or the entire collection of 20 milk teeth has already been collected, he is 6 months old or already 2 years old.

A special place in the dowry of the baby is occupied by a baby stroller. The choice of a vehicle should be approached with all responsibility. Collected reviews of strollers of different brands.