Inflammation of the renal pelvis in children. Inflammation of the renal pelvis

During the multiplication of bacteria in the urinary tract, inflammation can begin. urinary tract. Among adults treatment of inflammation of the pelvis is a fairly common occurrence. While the urinary tract infection is spreading, inflammation of the pelvis can also begin. It is a non-specific infectious disease of the kidneys that affects the renal parenchyma, calyx, and pelvis.

Symptoms of inflammation of the pelvis

If the form of the disease is acute, then the symptoms of inflammation of the pelvis are very pronounced, if chronic, they may not be at all. Most often, inflammation of the pelvis affects women than men.

Increase in body temperature (up to 38-40 degrees).

Pain in the side.

Exhaustion.

Sometimes vomiting and nausea are symptoms of inflammation of the pelvis.

Headache.

Lack of appetite.

Weakness and fatigue are also symptoms of inflammation of the pelvis.

Copious urination.

Inflammation of the pelvis is caused by bacteria that enter the pelvis through the urinary tract and bladder. There is also such a situation that bacteria, along with the bloodstream, can enter the kidneys from other foci of infection. Inflammation of the pelvis causes a slowdown in the flow of urine, which may be caused by diseases of the urinary tract, as well as their blockage or congenital anomalies.

After examining a patient with symptoms of inflammation of the pelvis, the doctor should prescribe blood and urine tests. Ultrasound is used to determine abnormalities in the shape of the kidneys or slowing the flow of urine. If there is a congenital anomaly of the urinary tract or the outflow of urine is disturbed, special studies must be carried out to make a diagnosis of inflammation of the pelvis.

Treatment of inflammation of the pelvis

If you suspect inflammation of the pelvis or an already diagnosed disease, the sick person must be hospitalized. Only rest and compliance with medical prescriptions will lead to recovery in as soon as possible. For pain relief in the diagnosis of inflammation of the pelvis are often prescribed warm compresses to the lumbar region.

A patient diagnosed with inflammation of the pelvis should observe bed rest and drink a lot. Antibacterial treatment inflammation of the pelvis is prescribed depending on the causative agent of the disease. If the inflammation of the pelvis was the result of a blockage of the urinary tract or a congenital anomaly, then after the removal of the inflammatory process, the treatment of inflammation of the pelvis is continued using other methods.

home treatment inflammation of the pelvis

A patient with a diagnosis of inflammation of the pelvis, the patient needs to drink a large number of fluids to increase the amount of urine produced. If you have any problems with the kidneys, as well as any symptoms of the disease, you should immediately contact the appropriate doctor.

If the treatment of inflammation of the pelvis is prescribed in a timely manner, then the patient recovers completely without any residual effects. If the inflammation of the pelvis is not treated, then the disease develops into chronic form, in which kidney damage occurs and pyelonephritis occurs.

The occurrence of inflammation in the renal pelvis is called pyelitis. The disease can develop as a unilateral process and affect both kidneys. Pyelitis is characterized as a single disease, but it may develop in conjunction with infectious lesions genitourinary system. It occurs in acute and chronic form.

Girls under seven years of age are more often at risk, adults are less likely to suffer this disease.

Classification

Experts do not distinguish a clear systematization, but for the convenience of diagnosing, it is customary to distribute the symptoms of pyelitis into several groups depending on the nature of the course of the process, its intensity and duration.

Time of occurrence

Subdivided into primary disease, in the absence of other lesions of the body, and secondary, which is detected as a result of another past illness e.g. angina.

Type of pathogen

bacteria

• staphylococcus;
• coli;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
• streptococcus;
• viruses.

Morphological forms of pyelitis

• serous;
• slimy;
• purulent;
• mixed;
• necrosis.

By the time of the flow

• within one week - acute pyelitis;
• from a week to one month - subacute pyelitis;
• over 3 months - chronic pyelitis;
• recurrent pyelitis with alternating exacerbations and remissions.

Causes

The cause of pyelitis is considered to be the activity of microorganisms that enter the kidneys. Ways of movement of bacteria can be different: circulating in the lymph, they move from the intestine; ascend through the organs of the reproductive system, Bladder and from anus. The blood carries harmful microorganisms during infectious diseases.

The following categories of people are at risk:

• patients with reduced level immunity. For this reason, a newborn child, a woman during pregnancy can get sick;
• people who have suffered severe hypothermia;
• diet lovers and malnourished;
• active consumers of alcoholic beverages and smokers;
• patients who are forced for a long time ignore the urge to urinate.

Symptoms

There are no unambiguously interpreted signs of inflamed tissues of the pelvis in the kidneys, and often pyelitis can be misdiagnosed in diseases with nephritis or cystitis. To cast aside doubts, ultrasound is often prescribed. internal organs. Clinical picture as follows:

• the patient's complexion changes to grayish;
• there is an elevated temperature;
• appetite disappears;
• at acute phase the patient has a fever, the temperature rises to 39 C;
• there is increased sweating;

In chronic pyelitis, the following factors are observed:

• vomiting appears;
• a gray coating appears on the tongue;
• the temperature is increased;
• pain sensations spread from one side to full coverage of the lumbar region;
• dehydration is often observed.

For bilateral disease:
They notice pain in the lower back with their movement to the perineal region or towards the ribs, with a general heavy state of health, in addition, urination becomes more frequent.

Treatment

Combating pyelitis should be started immediately after receiving accurate diagnosis. Mandatory bed rest and inpatient placement of the patient with the use of drugs prescribed by a doctor. Specific medicines the doctor determines, but in general they can be divided into antibiotics, antimicrobials, analgesics and antipyretics.

In advanced cases and in the absence positive effect in the fight against the chronic form of pyelitis, surgical intervention is allowed.

On initial stages pyelitis is successfully treated at home under the supervision of a doctor. In this case, it is possible to use folk remedies that help to achieve positive result without use chemicals. Self-treatment may not be the main direction of eliminating the symptoms and signs of the disease, but how aid can speed up the healing process.

Traditional medicine recipes

Red Ribes

Natural antiseptic properties These berries do a great job of fighting bacterial threats. It is enough to prepare a decoction of red currant (100 grams of fruit per 0.5 l of water) and add honey to it. Daily intake one glass of drink before meals for two weeks, allows you to speed up the process of fighting pyelitis.

Red Ribes

bearberry

It is used to eliminate spasms and reduce pain. It is used as a decoction (20 grams of dried plant per 200 ml of boiling water). After cooling, he needs to brew for a day, then it is filtered and drunk in the morning before the first meal. Use the infusion up to 12 times with breaks between doses of three days.

Sagebrush

This bitter herb helps speed up the withdrawal process excess fluid from the patient's body. A decoction is prepared from 40 grams of wormwood and 200 ml of boiling water, a few drops of lemon juice should be added to the resulting mixture. A decoction is taken at night no more than once a week.

Preparations

Medicines can be prescribed for use only by a doctor; it is dangerous to self-medicate.

When taking drugs, you should carefully study the instructions, contraindications and the possibility of unwanted manifestations. If you have any doubts about the safety of the prescribed remedy, it is better to seek additional advice from a doctor.

A group of antibiotics that ensure the fight against pathogenic microorganisms: Ampiox, Amoxiclav, Vancomycin.

Group antiviral agents that prevent the development of viral-type infections: Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Zanamivir.

Group antifungal drugs: Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Ketoconazole.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: Nimesulide, Nise, Ketotifen.

Steroid medicines for swelling renal tissue: Prednisolone, Triamcinolone, Hydrocortisone.

A group of diuretics responsible for urinary excretion: Furosemide, Hypothiazid, Veroshpiron.

Antihypertensive drugs for pressure normalization: Enal, Enalapril, Kapoten.

Special meals

To eliminate the symptoms of inflammation of the pelvis, you should follow a special diet. It is recommended to exclude from the diet any alcoholic drinks, refuse fatty foods and smoked foods, add minimal amount spices and salt.

Treatment should be supported by drinking large amounts (up to 4 liters per day) of water and other liquids (medicinal mineral waters, juices and fruit drinks). good impact can provide teas based on medicinal herbs and berries (bear's ear, horsetail, juniper, cranberry and lingonberry).

The menu includes a large number of products plant origin and dairy products.

Prevention

To avoid the phenomenon of inflammation renal pelvis, some rules should be followed:

• hygiene must be maintained intimate areas;
• avoid severe hypothermia;
• Healthy food;
• drink at least 2 liters of water per day;
• control the level of physical activity, do not overwork without measure;
• any disease must be treated.

Complications with pyelitis

Advanced forms of pyelitis can develop into serious illnesses. Most often, the complication is expressed in manifestations of purulent pyelonephritis, sepsis, ectasia, hydronephrosis, an abscess or carbuncle of the kidney may occur, and toxic-resorptive fever develops.

Pyelitis - urological disease, which is characterized by inflammation of the renal calyces and pelvis. This disease can develop in adults and in children. Pyelitis in children is observed quite often. Pregnant women and men who have undergone prostate surgery are at risk.

Pyelitis usually develops due to penetration into the body pathogenic microorganisms. But this ailment can also develop due to the progression of other diseases in the body, such as acute respiratory infections, as well as ordinary dental caries.

Pyelitis, dangerous disease, which must be treated, otherwise it will go into chronic stage. Therefore, it is very important, when the first symptoms of pathology occur, to turn to qualified specialist for diagnosis and prescribing the correct course of treatment.

Causes

The main cause of pyelitis is an infection (, streptococcus and). The infection can penetrate the ascending path, or it can spread from other organs (in which there is an inflammatory process) with the blood stream.

More often this disease the following categories of people are affected:

• with a weakened immune system;
• pregnant women;
• smokers;
• alcohol abusers;
• people on a low-calorie diet for a long time.

Symptoms

On early stages symptoms are less pronounced and may be similar to those of other diseases. If you do not pay attention to anxiety symptoms and not hold competent treatment, then pyelitis can go into a chronic stage. In this case, it will be very difficult to cure it.

Typical symptoms of pyelitis:

• severe intoxication;
• loss of appetite;
• grey colour skin;
• unstable body temperature;
• fever;
• body temperature up to 39 (with acute pyelitis);
• chills;
• heavy sweating;
• headaches as well lumbar pain;
• urinary retention;
• cloudy urine.

The main symptoms of chronic pyelitis:

• a sharp increase in body temperature;
• fever;
• apathy;
• frequent vomiting;
• severe back pain;
• dehydration of the body;
• dryness of the tongue with a change in its color to gray (with a light coating).

In the stage of remission, chronic pyelitis may not manifest itself in any way. The patient can only note severe fatigue. When there is a suspicion of chronic pyelitis, only a urine test will help the doctor detect the presence of pathology in the human body.

In more severe cases, pyelitis affects two kidneys at once. In this case, the following symptoms appear:

• general weakness;
• pain in the lumbar region;
• frequent urination which is accompanied by pain.

Diagnostics

To diagnose pyelitis, a number of studies are required:

• radionuclide research.

Based on the data obtained, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment.

Treatment

IN without fail the doctor prescribes a diet to the patient, which should include:

• dairy products;
• herbal products;
• fresh fruit and vegetable juices;
• mineral water;
• sometimes medicinal herbs are used in the form of tea (lingonberry, horsetail, and also juniper). Data folk remedies help relieve the symptoms of the disease. They are also often used to treat children.

Restricted in use:

• smoked meats;
• hot spices;
• salt;
• alcohol.

Patients are required to be on bed rest. It is also important to drink enough water - about four liters per day.

After that, the patient is given drug treatment which includes the following drugs:

• antibiotics a wide range actions (Amoxicillin, Levomycetin, Cefazolin, Cefotaxime). This group of drugs is prescribed necessarily to eliminate the infection that provoked the development of the pathology;
• antimicrobials (Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin, Nitroxoline, Biseptol, Streptocid, Sulfadimethoxin);
• analgesics (painkillers); No-shpa, Spazgan and Spazmalgon;
• antipyretics are also used to treat pyelitis, especially if the patient often has high body temperature.

Prevention

• hygiene of intimate areas;
• try to avoid hypothermia;
• moderate physical exercise;
• proper nutrition;
• use enough water;
• timely treatment of any diseases;
• the use of vitamins.

Treatment with folk remedies

• pour prickly steel root boiled water, let stand, strain and take before meals. This remedy helps to eliminate the symptoms of the disease;
• bearberry leaves. Pour the grass with water and boil in a water bath, then strain through a bandage and take before meals.

It is not recommended to use medicinal herbs and drugs without consulting your doctor. A competent and correct course of treatment can only be prescribed by a specialist, taking into account general condition the patient's body, as well as the features of the course of his pyelitis.

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Diseases with similar symptoms:

Inflammation of the lungs (officially pneumonia) is an inflammatory process in one or both respiratory organs, which usually has infectious nature and called various viruses, bacteria and fungi. In ancient times, this disease was considered one of the most dangerous, and although modern facilities treatment allows you to quickly and without consequences get rid of the infection, the disease has not lost its relevance. According to official figures, in our country every year about a million people suffer from pneumonia in one form or another.

When bacteria multiply in urinary tract the inflammatory process begins. In adults, these inflammations are quite common. When a urinary tract infection spreads, inflammation of the kidneys occurs. Inflammation of the renal pelvis - nonspecific infection kidneys, affecting the renal parenchyma, pelvis and calyx; occurs frequently. At acute pyelonephritis symptoms are pronounced, with chronic, there may be a small number of symptoms or their absence. Women are more susceptible to this disease than men.

Symptoms

• Increase in body temperature.
• Pain in the side.
• Thirst.
• Exhaustion.
• Sometimes nausea and vomiting.
• General weakness, fatigue.
• Headache.
• Profuse urination.

Acute inflammation is characterized by high body temperature of the patient (approximately 38-40 ° C), chills, severe pain in the side, extending down to the bladder and genitals, pain in the lumbosacral region, aggravated by palpation of the lower back. Sometimes there is nausea and vomiting. With bilateral inflammation of the kidneys, the disease spreads rapidly, the kidneys increase, and their capsules thicken, oliguria or the development of acute renal failure may occur.

Causes

The inflammatory process is caused by bacteria that enter the renal pelvis through the bladder and urinary tract. Less commonly, bacteria enter the kidneys from other foci of infection with the bloodstream. Inflammation causes a slowdown in the flow of urine due to urinary tract disease, blockage, or congenital anomalies. The likelihood of pyelonephritis increases with metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus.

Inflammation of the renal pelvis often affects children under the age of 3 years. Girls get sick three times more often than boys. It is assumed that with an untimely change of diapers, pathogens penetrate into the urinary tract, and along them into the renal pelvis.

Treatment

Compliance required bed rest And plentiful drink. Antibiotics are prescribed depending on the pathogen. If inflammation of the renal pelvis is caused by a congenital anomaly of the urinary tract or blockage, then after the inflammatory process is stopped, the treatment of the underlying disease will continue with other methods.

In the inflammatory process, it is necessary to drink plenty of fluids to produce more urine. It is not recommended to stay in the sun for a long time!

At acute inflammation appears heat and chills, forcing the patient to see a doctor. For any problems associated with the kidneys, as well as the first symptoms of inflammation of the bladder, you should consult a doctor.

The doctor will examine the patient, prescribe a blood and urine test. Ultrasound may be used to detect slow urine flow or an abnormal kidney shape. At congenital anomaly urinary tract or violation of the outflow of urine, special studies are performed.

Forecast

At timely treatment usually happens full recovery patient without residual effects. If left untreated, there is a danger of the disease becoming chronic, in which the kidneys are affected and pyelonephrosis is possible.

The renal pelvis are special cavities to collect urine from the kidneys. It then travels through the ureters to the bladder. The expansion of the pelvis caused by inflammatory processes is a pathology, the treatment of which directly depends on the timeliness of diagnosis and the development of the problem.

Causes of inflammatory processes

This disease has a unilateral or bilateral form, which differ by stage in mild, moderate and severe forms. The causes of inflammatory processes are congenital with urethral stenosis, clearly marked phimosis, or neurogenic interruptions in the bladder. In addition, it can be noted:

• increased pressure inside the bladder due to blockage of the channels;
• blockage of the gaps in the channels of the urinary tract;
• return of urine to the kidneys.

With the development urolithiasis and not enough effective treatment the remaining stones can be placed directly in the renal pelvis or in the ureters. Possible direct influence oncological neoplasms, resulting in an enlarged renal pelvis in adults, and treatment should begin immediately.

At age-related changes reasons are hormonal changes, pathology based on inflammatory or infectious processes, blockage of the urethra in injuries and diseases. The most frequently found deformations of the pelvis with congenital and acquired organic constrictions that occur with sufficiently long stagnant processes of urine.

Diagnosis of the disease

Often inflammatory processes pass unnoticed and cannot be clearly characterized severe symptoms. The clinical picture in this situation usually demonstrates only a clearly visible pathology. It should be taken into account that the stagnant dynamics of urine causes the development of infection. With such latent form Availability this disease usually detected quite incidentally during ultrasound examinations for other issues.

During laboratory examinations the specialist is obliged to fix the size of the renal pelvis at different times, in addition, other diagnostic methods are used to obtain more complete picture diseases: cystography, urography.

Most often, the studies performed reveal the narrowing of the channels as a result of the presence of stones that cause urinary stagnation and inflammation. The detected inflammation of the renal pelvis requires treatment of maximum efficiency.

Treatment of the expansion of the renal pelvis

Before starting treatment in adult patients, it is necessary to identify the causes of the development of the disease in order to select the most effective therapy. If the congenital nature of the disease is discovered, it can be dealt with only if surgical intervention which is confirmed by positive experience over the years.

In a child under one year old this problem disappears with age - the baby "outgrows" his illness in 70% of recorded cases. The remaining 30% get excellent results when conducting drug therapy(25%) and a surgical method based on endoscopy (5%).

The frivolous attitude of parents to this problem in children younger age threatens in the future with an increase in the bladder and other ailments directly related to the development chronic pyelonephritis and cystitis.

Treatment of enlarged renal pelvis should include the eradication of the underlying cause, violating work of the urinary tract. The presence of stones suggests surgical measures or the use of effective drugs based herbal remedies and methods traditional medicine. At surgical way treatment, it is possible to use special frames that are inserted into the damaged canal. Lately The most popular method is endoscopy, in which it is possible to carry out the operation with miniature instruments and not leave large scars.

For preventive purposes, you can use a variety of measures, the effectiveness of which has been proven by numerous studies:

• treatment of the urinary system at the first signs of the development of the disease;
• control over the intake and removal of fluid from the body;
• timely access to a doctor and the implementation of all his recommendations.

What is the danger of this pathology

The expansion of the renal pelvis, just like the prolapse of the kidney, causes quite serious interruptions in work urinary system. The process of stagnation of urine in the channels causes an increase in pressure in the kidneys, which is fraught with the development of atrophy of the renal tissues. Infection leads to the development of pyelonephritis, which can cause sclerosis this body or go into the chronic stage.

Enlargement of the renal pelvis does not in itself individual disease, but is a sign of the development of interruptions in the operation of the urine excretion system from the body. Therefore, the elimination of pathology by therapeutic or surgical methods directly depends on the definition of the causes that cause it.

Conclusion

If there is a suspicion of inflammatory processes in the renal pelvis, it is necessary to undergo examinations in laboratory conditions. If ultrasound recorded changes before and after urine output in the amount of 7 mm or more, treatment should be started as soon as possible. Changes in the size of the pelvis lead to serious complications, which are expressed in the development of kidney sclerosis, pyelonephritis or kidney atrophy.

In order to completely eliminate possible problems in this area, it is necessary to carry out preventive examinations every 4-6 months for adults and once every 6 months for children. Such measures allow you to notice the slightest return of the disease and contribute to the rapid adoption of the necessary therapeutic actions.

Sincerely,