Depression. Causes, symptoms, treatment of the disease
There is hardly anything worse than depression. Depressed mood, depression vitality, hopeless pessimism, lack of desire to do something and show at least some interest in existence ... This and much more accompanies this mental disorder. When a person plunges into such a state of mind, he becomes helpless, indifferent and "empty". Some people manage to do it alone, while others don't. But in any case, you need to know how to overcome depression and depression.
First stage
When depression is just beginning, a person refuses to be aware of this fact. He believes that he simply does not have the mood, fatigue at work or study, weather changes affect. At the first stage initial symptoms accompanied by pronounced apathy, increased fatigue and lack of desire to do anything. Often there is a lack of appetite, problems with falling asleep, as well as irritability and nervousness. Despite being tired, a person cannot fall asleep even if he takes sleeping pills.
In addition, there is a deterioration in concentration, a decrease in efficiency, the disappearance of interest in former hobbies and hobbies. A mountain of cases begins to pile up that were previously managed to be solved long before the deadline. It's getting harder and harder to finish what you started. And this is not just a depressed mood and lethargy. This is how it manifests initial stage depression, which subsequently develops more and more intensely.
Deterioration
If a person has ignored how the mood changes and, in general, his regimen, the restructuring of the body begins. the production of serotonin, which is commonly called the hormone of happiness, stops. He does not eat at all, or consumes some minimum to “fill up” his stomach. Immunity is reduced and chronic diseases escalate. The body fights "with itself", but it fails.
Prolonged insomnia sets in. A person ceases to think adequately and logically, he does not keep his behavior and emotions under control. It's like he's in another world where he doesn't care. For outsiders, it seems strange, and as if divorced from real world. In especially severe cases, his condition is accompanied by auditory and visual hallucinations. It is at this stage, conditionally designated the second, that more than 80% of attempts to commit suicide fall. In the best cases, such people simply "close" in themselves, locking themselves up where no one will touch them, and immersing themselves in philosophizing.
Loss of the meaning of life
This is the last stage of depression. A person not only has no mood - he has no desire to live. His body is still alive important features but it works offline. But in the mental sphere, pathological processes begin to occur.
At best, a person will remain indifferent and detached from the world. And at worst, animal aggression will wake up in him. Such people are capable of harming themselves and others. Because they cease to perceive this world as something valuable, and cease to identify themselves with a Man, with a Personality. Of the consequences, memory loss, schizophrenia, and depressive psychosis are also possible. This is what a long-term depressed mood is transformed into. That is why it is so important to catch on even at the first stage, and either ask for help or get on your feet on your own.
Why is the blues coming?
Depression, depression and despondency always have prerequisites. Sometimes they are even combined into a complex. The reason may be a lack of vitamin D and the sun.
Even according to statistics, depression develops most often in the fall, when daylight hours are reduced. The sun is getting smaller, and in fact it is he who stimulates the production of vital energy in the body. essential vitamin D.
Health problems also often affect the psychosomatic state of a person. There is a depressed mood during pregnancy, menopause, problems with the thyroid gland, etc.
Often the prerequisite is overwork or exhaustion of the body. Permanent job, busy schedule, eternal employment with problems - it is logical that the body begins to mope. But such cases are treated very simply. You just need to take a vacation and let yourself relax.
And the last popular reason is the lack of physical activity. If it is not, then endorphin stops being produced. But it is he who is the hormone of joy. By adding a jog or a couple of hours in the gym for a week to your regimen, you can see how your condition improves. Both physical and psychosomatic.
What to do?
First, don't give up and don't give up. If this is the first stage, then everything can be fixed. The main thing is to act immediately.
If a person starts noticing Bad mood in the morning, which only gets worse during the day, you need to bring into your life more movement. Physical labor brings satisfaction. Even cleaning the house will help streamline your feelings and thoughts. But lying on the couch only worsens the condition.
You also need to start constantly pleasing yourself with your favorite things. It can be anything - shopping, gatherings with friends, ordering a whole mountain tasty food home, vacation trip, dancing, drawing, swinging. You just need to forget about all the worries, your age and responsibilities, and do what you want.
Relaxation is also important. Foamy hot tub, aromatherapy, music caressing the ear, and after delicious coffee, and reading an interesting book, sitting in an easy chair under a blanket - it sounds like an introvert's paradise. If a person is overtaken by the blues, then silence and such a utopian comfort will help him relax and unwind a little.
Finding an exit
Of course, there are people who do not leave blues, depression and despondency only after signing up for the gym and a couple of days off. In more severe cases, you need to act more radically.
A change of scenery can help. When a person is depressed, the same ceiling with walls that appears in the morning before his eyes every day is incredibly depressing. You need to leave, and preferably closer to nature. She heals. The sounds of falling water, a babbling stream, birds singing, the rustle of leaves, the rustle of grass - this has therapeutic effect and helps to reduce the level of stress hormones, as well as the normalization of pressure. This atmosphere is healing. For a person under arrest in a noisy stone jungle, it is simply necessary.
In addition, it is impossible not to mention the qualitative difference between fresh natural air and stale air that reigns in the premises. Like it or not, but in most cities it is spoiled by gases and harmful emissions. Even ventilation won't help. Whether it's forest or sea air.
And, of course, bioenergy. The city “presses” on all people and devastates them. What is it like to be in the center of the bustle of a depressed person who has been overcome by depression? You can feel pure bioenergy only by coming into contact with nature. Meet the sunset, lie down on the grass, walk barefoot on the sand, swim in a crystal clear pond ... they say, this way you can get rid of static electricity. Be that as it may, in the bosom of nature, a person rather quickly leaves the state of despondency, and begins to feel the taste of life again.
Help from a specialist
Sometimes, it is necessary. Constantly bad mood due to all of the above is one thing. But the reality is known even much more serious cases. Those in which it is really impossible to do without antidepressants, therapy and talking with a doctor.
This refers to a psychological disorder provoked by something that destroyed a person's life in an instant. It could be anything. Death of a loved one. Loss of all accumulated wealth. Betrayal or betrayal. The destruction of all plans, hopes and dreams without exception. Sudden changes. At such moments, one can really understand a person who loses the desire to exist in this world. Because her very purpose, the reason for which he woke up in the morning, is leaving his life. The person loses himself. And this is something that even the enemy does not want to wish.
Treatment
It starts with psychotherapy. To which a person suffering from depression and a chronically depressed state comes with difficulty. People resist for various reasons. Most often because they consider going to a psychotherapist to be a “edge”, or they don’t want to be considered crazy, or they “dig” in their head. In such cases, the support of loved ones and motivation on their part is very important. It is extremely rare for people to go to a psychotherapist on their own. Most often, they are convinced by relatives, and in especially difficult cases, they even organize sessions by force.
Psychotherapy implies therapeutic effect through the psyche to the human body. The doctor helps the patient to get rid of social, individual and emotional problems, previously establishing a deep personal contact with him through conversation. Often accompanied by cognitive, behavioral and other techniques.
Medical assistance
Medicines are also prescribed. Depressed mood, the causes of which are also determined by the doctor, is treated with antidepressants.
These are psychotropic drugs that normalize the level of neurotransmitters (such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin). After taking them, a person’s mood and appetite improve, longing, anxiety, insomnia and apathy disappear, mental activity increases. And he's on the mend.
Release of emotions
A person who is constantly accompanied by a spoiled mood rarely wants to communicate with someone. More often he is overcome by a desire to close himself from the outside world and worry. The main thing is that no one climbed into the soul. A lot of people feel like they can't be understood. Someone is afraid of selfishness - to open the soul, and in response to get a spit.
Well, it often happens that way. But the release of emotions is necessary. The methods by which it can be carried out are extremely simple. Someone is trying to find sympathy on the Internet, under the guise of an anonymous person. Others take a notebook and begin to splash out their experiences on the sheets. And that makes it easier. It's better than texting someone. No need to formulate words - it is enough to state what reigns in the head and soul. Often, in the process of keeping such a kind of diary, good people come, right thoughts. Sometimes it is possible to find out the exact cause of one's own, or an idea is born on its own regarding how to deal with it.
Set goals and go for them
Here's how you can "drive" a depressed mood. What should a person do if depression has completely swallowed him up? You need to push off the bottom. No matter how difficult it is. All psychologists recommend this method. You need to set a goal for yourself. It may be insignificant. A person who has locked himself at home, for example, needs to force himself to go outside every day for at least 15 minutes. This is real. Choosing a goal, you need to focus on your own resources. After its implementation, you must definitely reward yourself, at least with praise for a new achievement.
It is also recommended to find comrades in misfortune - those who also suffer from depression. If relatives and friends do not understand a person, then such people will definitely be able to find support. Because they know what he's going through. The meeting of "soulmates" will help reduce the feeling of isolation, find understanding and even advice.
Finding Joy
Finally, I would like to note one more actionable recommendation. Many experts advise depressed people to find new meaning life. Something that makes you want to wake up. The best option is to have a pet.
Even medicine confirms the importance of animals in restoring the well-being and emotional state of a person. There is official statistics, confirming that people who have a pet are 30% less likely to seek medical help. Animals are great companions bringing joy.
In addition, starting to take care of a pretty living being, a person will increase the energy of compassion, feel spiritual warmth. After all, there is so much unconditional love in animals that it simply cannot but be transmitted.
If a person has depression - emotional manifestations are difficult to hide. Even to men. Although everyone knows that the stronger sex does not tend to shed tears with or without it. This is especially true when it comes to psychological trauma.
And therefore, they quite often attribute frequent emotional breakdowns to fatigue at work, a crisis, lack of time, or something else, but not to the symptoms of impending depression.
Most of the representatives of the stronger sex are, one way or another, hostages of stereotypes from the series "real guys don't complain about anything." Of course, who argues that Superman is the standard of masculinity, reliability, impeccability in everything. Be it health or behavior.
If you get sick - take an aspirin and go ahead to perform feats. Negative emotions flooded - pull yourself together. Tired - rest for a week and again two years without a vacation.
And to the question: "How are you?" the answer should be simple and concise, even for the closest: "Everything is in order, no problem!" And suddenly, after being in such a "fail-safe" mode for quite a long time, for no reason at all, an emotional failure of the program occurs. A nightmare begins, obvious even to an outside observer.
Until recently, a cold-blooded and impassive man becomes extremely unrestrained and touchy because of some trifles: a casually sounded replica of the boss, a burst car tire or burnt meatballs.
Stops meeting with friends: they all suddenly transform into "rare bores" and do not understand him at all. For a long time does not communicate with loved ones.
Without good reason, he misses work or unexpectedly, in the middle of the week, returns home after a feast, but in a fallen mood. Dinner remains intact, and sleep is disturbing. Occasionally there is a phrase about unpleasant sensations in the chest. In an independent search for the reasons, the arrows are translated again - the same to negative emotions received at work or it is not clear where the fatigue that came from after a recent vacation came from.
If all these symptoms eventually go away on their own, very good. And if they only get worse, the specter of a serious illness called depression may loom on the horizon.
Statistics show that women are twice as likely to suffer from this disease. Of every hundred examined, about twenty percent of the fairer sex and only eight to ten percent of men.
But in the latter it is more problematic to diagnose. They are used to hiding their emotions from others. Even in heart-to-heart conversations with friends and relatives, they do not complain about anything, they do not seek sympathy. Although they share problems, they keep at the same time “peppy”.
As a result, they begin to engage in the restoration of health when the disease is already sufficiently advanced. Often they don't do it at all.
The first, which is not common, is endogenous, due to the specifics of the functioning of the brain and is predetermined by heredity. The second, somatogenic, manifests itself as a result of a head injury or a serious illness.
The third, psychogenic, arises in the course of experiences associated with various excesses (loss of work, disappointment in some kind of one's ideal, midlife crisis, etc.).
We list the manifestations of depression, the presence of which should alert:
unpredictable headaches or heartaches, disturbed appetite and sleep;
malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract;
indifference to one's appearance, and sometimes neglect of personal hygiene: a man stops shaving and changing shirts on time; begins to stoop and look older than his years;
loss of interest in the opposite sex;
nervousness, irritability in relation to everything;
slowness in the construction of phrases and a certain clumsiness in body movements, problems with the perception of unfamiliar material;
prolonged inactivity near the TV, aimlessly looking at the patterns on the ceiling.
This may alternate with suddenly appearing feverish behavior: for no reason at all, a person packs a backpack and goes kayaking or starts a renovation in the kitchen. It would be a mistake in this case to take a breath of relief: apathy returns to replace the short-lived initiative;
infantilism in solving current problems and a doomed look into the future;
unexpected addiction to unusual risky sports, alcoholic beverages;
thoughts about death.
Except violation emotional background depression has a negative effect on physiological state organism. Scientists have found that this disease seriously reduces immunity.
Depression reduces the activity of cells that rid the body of harmful substances. Thus, it becomes more susceptible to infections. And the man in
fiftieth blooming age the immune system can start working like a seventy-year-old.
Studies have also shown that men suffering from depression in the blood increases the amount of so-called "bad" cholesterol. As a result, the risk of another serious disease - atherosclerosis - increases. So one disease leads to another.
Another ailment associated with depression is rheumatoid arthritis. Doctors have noticed that it often develops in a person against the background of heavy losses and their accompanying long-term negative emotions.
Of course, depression does not directly affect the course of the disease, but quite often it becomes the starting mechanism for its occurrence in the presence of unfavorable heredity.
Defeating depression with emotional restructuring
First aid for depression - support and positive emotions in relation to the sick person from relatives and households. It would be great to just spend time together. In addition, it is recommended:
The most general emotional state that colors all human behavior for a long time is called mood. It is very diverse and can be joyful or sad, cheerful or depressed, cheerful or depressed, calm or irritated, etc. Mood is an emotional reaction not to the direct consequences of certain events, but to their significance for a person's life in the context of his general life plans, interests and expectations.
Affect
S. L. Rubinshtein noted the peculiarities of mood in that it is not objective, but personal, and in that the most powerful emotional reaction is affect.
Affect(from lat. affectuctus - “mental excitement”) - a strong and relatively short-term emotional state associated with a sharp change in important life circumstances for the subject and accompanied by pronounced motor manifestations and changes in the functions of internal organs.
Affect completely captures the human psyche. This entails a narrowing, and sometimes even a shutdown of consciousness, changes in thinking and, as a result, inappropriate behavior. For example, with intense anger, many people lose the ability to constructively resolve conflicts. Their anger turns into aggression. A person screams, blushes, swings his arms, can hit the enemy.
The affect arises sharply, suddenly in the form of a flash, a rush. It is very difficult to manage and cope with this condition. Any feeling can be experienced in an affective form.
Affects have a negative impact on human activity, sharply reducing the level of its organization. In an affect, a person, as it were, loses his head, his actions are unreasonable, performed without regard to the situation. If objects that are not related to the cause of the affect fall into the sphere of a person’s actions, he can throw the thing that has come across in a rage, push a chair, slam on the ceiling. Losing power over himself, a person surrenders entirely to experience.
It would be wrong to think that affect is completely uncontrollable. Despite the apparent suddenness, affect has certain stages of development. And if at the final stages, when a person completely loses control over himself, it is almost impossible to stop, then at the beginning any normal person can do it. It certainly takes a lot of willpower. Here the most important thing is to delay the onset of affect, to “extinguish” the affective outburst, to restrain oneself, not to lose power over one’s behavior.
Stress
- Main article: Stress
Another vast area of human states is united by the concept of stress.
Under stress(from the English stress - “pressure”, “stress”) understand the emotional state that occurs in response to all sorts of extreme influences.
Not a single person manages to live and work without experiencing stress. Everyone experiences severe life losses, failures, trials, conflicts, stress when performing hard or responsible work from time to time. Some people deal with stress more easily than others; are stress-resistant.
An emotional state close to stress is the syndrome “ emotional burnout ". This condition occurs in a person if, in a situation of mental or physical stress, he experiences negative emotions for a long time. However, he can neither change the situation nor cope with negative emotions. Emotional burnout is manifested in a decrease in the general emotional background, indifference, avoidance of responsibility, negativism or cynicism towards other people, loss of interest in professional success, limiting one's capabilities. As a rule, the causes of emotional burnout are the monotony and monotony of work, lack of career growth, professional inconsistency, age-related changes and socio-psychological maladaptation. Internal conditions for the occurrence of emotional burnout can be character accentuations of a certain type, high anxiety, aggressiveness, conformity, and an inadequate level of claims. Emotional burnout hinders professional and personal growth and, like stress, leads to psychosomatic disorders.
frustration
Close in its manifestations to stress is the emotional state of frustration.
frustration(from Latin frustration - “deceit”, “disorder”, “destruction of plans”) - a person’s condition caused by objectively insurmountable (or subjectively perceived so) difficulties that arise on the way to achieving the goal.
Frustration is accompanied by a whole range of negative emotions that can destroy consciousness and activity. In a state of frustration, a person can show anger, depression, external and internal aggression.
For example, when performing any activity, a person fails, which causes negative emotions in him - grief, dissatisfaction with himself. If in such a situation the surrounding people support, help correct mistakes, the experienced emotions will remain only an episode in a person’s life. If failures are repeated, and significant people when reproached, shamed, called incapable or lazy, this person usually develops an emotional state of frustration.
The level of frustration depends on the strength and intensity of the influencing factor, the state of the person and the forms of response he has developed to life's difficulties. Especially often the source of frustration is a negative social assessment that affects significant relationships of the individual. The stability (tolerance) of a person to frustrating factors depends on the degree of his emotional excitability, type of temperament, experience of interaction with such factors.
Passion is a special form of emotional experience. In terms of intensity of emotional excitement, passion approaches affect, and in terms of duration and stability, it resembles mood. What is the nature of passion? Passion is a strong, persistent, all-encompassing feeling that determines the direction of a person’s thoughts and actions. The reasons for the emergence of passion are varied - they can be determined by conscious beliefs, they can come from bodily desires or have a pathological origin. In any case, passion is related to our needs and other personality traits. Passion, as a rule, is selective and subjective. For example, a passion for music, for collecting, for knowledge, etc.
Passion captures all the thoughts of a person, in which all the circumstances associated with the object of passion revolve, which represents and considers ways to achieve the need. What is not connected with the object of passion seems to be secondary, not important. For example, some scientists who are passionately working on a discovery do not attach importance to their appearance, often forgetting about sleep and food.
The most important characteristic of passion is its connection with the will. Since passion is one of the significant motivations for activity, because it has great strength. In reality, the assessment of the significance of passion is twofold. Public opinion plays an important role in the assessment. For example, a passion for money, for hoarding is condemned by some people as greed, money-grubbing, at the same time within the framework of another social group can be seen as frugality, prudence.
Psychological self-regulation: affect, stress, emotional burnout, frustration, passion
The inability to regulate one's emotional states, cope with affects and stresses is an obstacle to effective professional activity, violates interpersonal relationships at work and in the family, interferes with the achievement of goals and the implementation of intentions, violates human health.
There are special techniques that help to cope with strong emotion and prevent it from turning into an affect. To do this, it is recommended to notice and realize an unwanted emotion in time, analyze its origins, relieve muscle tension and relax, breathe deeply and rhythmically, attract a pre-prepared “duty image” of a pleasant event in your life, try to look at yourself from the outside. The affect can be prevented, but this requires endurance, self-control, special training, and a culture of interpersonal relationships.
The means of preventing emotional burnout are the optimization of working conditions and psychological correction for early stages emotional disturbances.
The stress factor also matters. Prolonged exposure to stress is especially dangerous. It has been noticed, for example, that for 10-15 years of work in extreme conditions, the human body wears out as if it had experienced a severe heart attack. And, on the contrary, short-term strong stress activates a person, as if “shakes” him.
So, you need to remember the following:- You should not strive, at all costs to avoid stress and be afraid of it. It is paradoxical, but true: the more you try to live and work “always measured and calm”, the more stress will destroy you. After all, instead of gradually and patiently gaining experience in self-management in stress, you will “run away” from it.
You can compare methods effective management stress with the actions of an experienced climber. If a person, seized with fear, turns his back on an avalanche and runs away from it, it will overtake him and destroy him. It is necessary to meet the danger face to face in order to know how to defend against it.
- In order to manage your stress, you need to use its beneficial features and exclude harmful ones.
- With constructive stress, a discharge of the accumulated dissatisfaction of people with each other occurs, it is solved important problem and improved understanding between people.
- Under destructive stress, relationships deteriorate sharply to complete break, the problem remains unresolved, people have severe feelings of guilt and hopelessness.
The most successful, both in the profession and in personal life, are people who have learned to control themselves, with a developed psychotechnics of personal self-regulation. They know their strengths and weaknesses, they know how to restrain themselves, show patience, slow down their internal “explosions”.
People with developed personal psychotechnics implement four main actions:- Action one: they do not blame anyone: neither themselves nor others. They do not suffer from “remorse of conscience” and do not “dump” their stressful energy on others.
- Action two: they strive to master themselves at the first stage of development of stress, when self-control is still preserved and the “stress element” has not completely captured. They strive to stop themselves in time. One leading specialist of a large commercial bank put it this way: “It is important not to hit point B.”
- Action three: they study themselves. People with developed self-regulation are well aware of how a stressful state begins to develop in them. In other words, they realize in time the change in their inner self-perception at the first stage of stress development.
- Step four and most important. People with developed self-regulation intuitively find the optimal strategy in stress. Those who successfully master stress are those who understand that “dumping” dark stressful energy on others is uncivilized and in a certain sense unprofitable. Needs are lost business connections destroying personal relationships. They also understand that directing destructive stressful energy at themselves, blaming themselves for their mistakes, is not constructive. Indeed, what changes from this? The matter is still standing, and the problem is not solved.
- correctly assess the significance of events;
- in case of defeat, act according to the principle “it didn’t hurt, and I wanted to”;
- increase physical activity(many women start doing laundry or other heavy housework);
- form a new dominant, i.e. get distracted;
- speak out, cry out;
- listen to music;
- cause a smile, laughter, humor is necessary for the fact that
- to perceive as comic what claims to be serious;
- implement relaxation.
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Depression is inherently heterogeneous, as it is manifested by extensive symptoms accompanied by functional disorders. Unfortunately, some of them are difficult to identify. In particular, this applies to anesthetic depression, which is characterized by "painful" insensitivity.
For the first time, the symptoms of this mental disorder (“melancholia anaesthetica”) were described by A. Schafer back in 1880. Patients noted a pronounced lack of mental and bodily sensations, loss of interest in everything.
How to identify depersonalization depression? Is this disease treatable? Let's try to understand these issues.
You will need:
Differences from other disorders
Painful alienation of emotions and insensitivity are the main differences between depersonalization depression and other types of depression. Its "core" is dullness of feelings, alienation, mental anesthesia.
Similar symptoms are anergic (excessive sadness, a sense of hopelessness), as well as (gloomy and melancholy mood with an experience of boredom, bouts of irritability from external factors).
The phenomena of depersonalization are usually included in the structure of dreary depression and manifest themselves in melancholic states. Most often, this dissociative disorder is secondary and develops against the background of some other disorder.
Depersonalization occurs in about 2% of the population. As a secondary pathology, it is detected in 80% of patients in psychiatric hospitals. Anesthetic depressions are most often characterized by chronic course and difficult to treat.
Reasons for the appearance
Almost always the root cause is stressful situation heavy emotionally. experiencing mental trauma, a person is faced with the problem of awareness of his own personality, his "I".
His emotional sphere is dulled, and no feelings arise, which turns on the depersonalized mechanism.
Among the causes of the syndrome are also called:
- Mental disorders in history.
- Neurological and biochemical disorders in the body (failures in the production of cortisol, modification of receptor proteins, disturbances in the interaction of neurotransmitters).
- organic diseases nervous system.
- Somatic and neurological diseases.
- Pathology of the endocrine system.
- Neoplasms in the brain.
- Epilepsy.
- Traumatic brain injury.
- Drug addiction and alcoholism.
- Psychotraumatic situations.
Against the background of a strong emotional shock, especially impressionable people manifest depersonalization depression syndromes: depression of mood and emotions, derealization, vital longing. Feelings are dulled, and a person closes in himself. In severe form, such a pathology can lead to suicidal thoughts and attempts to commit suicide.
Accompanying disorders
Anesthetic depression comparable to a phenomenon similar to local anesthesia.
The patient sees, hears and understands what is happening around, but his sensations (both physical and emotional) are muffled or completely absent.
The triad of the main signs is hypothymia, andegonia and astenergia - typical depressive symptoms.
hypothymia
Depressed mood that lasts for a long period of time (more than 2 weeks). The occurrence of such a phenomenon is preceded by stress, various forms of addiction, borderline states of the psyche and psychological problems. A person experiences hopelessness, slight sadness, it is difficult to cheer him up. Even the most happy event can't evoke emotion in him. The clinic consists of the following symptoms:
- Decreased motor activity;
- loss of interest and meaning in life;
- decrease in mental activity;
- low self-esteem, self-accusation;
- sleep disorders (insomnia);
- loss of appetite.
The etiology of pathological depression of mood is not fully understood. Hypothymia can develop against the background of chronic somatic diseases. An important role is played by the hereditary factor.
Anhedonia
Or partial loss to enjoy life. One of the main symptoms of anhedonia is the loss of activity and motivation to work. What used to bring satisfaction to a person (hobbies, communication with friends, career, sexual relations) becomes unnecessary.
The causes of the disease are:
- Depression;
- schizophrenia;
- depersonalization;
- reassessment of a person's own strengths ().
A person suffering from this disorder is not able to experience joyful emotions. He minimizes communication with people (social isolation), he is not touched by the care and love of others.
Astenergia
So called fatigue which is characteristic of depression. Man feels constant fatigue, lethargy, apathy. It is difficult for him to find the strength to do the usual housework. The concentration of attention decreases, there is literally not enough energy for anything (it is even difficult to get out of bed).
Symptoms
A person painfully experiences the absence of any emotions and feelings: love, joy, compassion, affection. Such painful "insensibility" is accompanied by apathy, dreary mood, anxiety, psychomotor retardation or fussiness. Other symptoms include:
- Feeling of "stiffness" in the soul (spiritual emptiness);
- Dullness of tactile sensations, taste and smell;
- Anesthesia of vital emotions (feeling of bodily change);
- Alienation of thoughts and feelings;
- Feeling of anguish in the chest;
- Confusion, misunderstanding of what is happening;
- The state of "already seen" (deja vu);
- Automatic actions;
- Decreased response to pain;
- Lack of natural needs (feelings of hunger, need for sleep, etc.);
- Lifelessness and dullness of the surrounding world;
- Darkened perception of reality (everything is as if “in a veil”);
- Emotional discomfort against the background of the listed symptoms.
The patient feels like an "observer", not taking part in life. Often he cannot adequately assess time and space, therefore he experiences increased anxiety. In addition, the patient may experience a decrease intellectual abilities, a feeling of insignificance and helplessness. A person experiences emotional indifference to close and surrounding people.
Traditional treatment
Therapy should begin with conducting a study and establishing the factors that caused the pathology. The doctor needs to explain to the patient information about the nature of the disease and methods of dealing with it.
The motivational suggestion technique and auto-training sessions will help to weaken the intensity of the manifestation of the depersonalization syndrome.
These methods are aimed at ensuring that a person, in the event of seizures, can switch his attention to the world around him.
Remedies for the mild stage
- Antioxidants;
- vitamin complexes;
- nootropics (Cavinton, Mexidol, Cytoflavin);
- psychoactive drugs.
Treatment of severe forms
The use of electroconvulsive and atropinocomatous therapy is required. Patients with panic attacks and anxiety need drugs:
- Tranquilizers (Diazepam, Adaptol, Bellataminal, etc.);
- neuroleptics (Aminazine, Fluanxol, Sonapax, etc.);
- antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Clomipramine, Maprotiline, Fluoxetine, Sertraline).
Complementary Therapy
- Acupuncture;
- physiotherapy;
- massage course;
- phytotherapy.
The effectiveness of treatment increases with the involvement of positive emotions. Improving the patient's condition during therapy is an emotional stimulus, increases his desire to get rid of the disease. Antidepressants in the vast majority of cases provide significant relief as early as 2-3 weeks of use.
Folk remedies
At home, you can prepare teas based on medicinal herbs with a calming effect (St. John's wort, mint, chamomile, etc.).
The patient needs adequate nutrition. It is important to include in the diet products that strengthen the immune system and increase the tone of the nervous system: natural honey, nuts, dried apricots, fresh fruits, berries, vegetables, etc.
St. John's wort
Contains hyperforin (biologically active substance), which increases the production of serotonin - the hormone of happiness.
Valerian officinalis
Most women experience a special thrill before future motherhood. They perceive pregnancy as a kind of blessing and try to observe all the rules of nutrition during this period, avoid stress and physical overload.
But the female body is so arranged that the pregnancy can suddenly end, i.e. miscarriage occurs. The situation is quite difficult, requiring physical and moral recovery. Depression after a miscarriage develops in almost every woman who has experienced such a loss.
Psychological state ^
The psychological state after the termination of pregnancy is severe, colored by negative thoughts and an unstable emotional background.
A woman at this moment tends to torment herself with endless conversations and thoughts that she did something wrong.
The first time after the incident, longing and sadness are expressed in visits to forums dedicated to motherhood, going to children's shops and looking at small children in parks.
After a miscarriage, a woman's emotions and feelings are dulled, blaming herself for what happened and despair come to the fore. It seems that life is over and it will never be the same again. The woman feels lonely and cornered.
This state of affairs negatively affects the course of physiological processes, when there is simply no appetite, and normal rest and elementary sleep are out of the question.
Recovering from a miscarriage is morally much more difficult than physically. This is a difficult path that requires perseverance, perseverance and support from family and friends.
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After a miscarriage, thoughts of a new pregnancy will be frightening, but over time they will appear more and more often, and the fear will begin to go away. In order to properly prepare for a new stage in your life, it is important to understand and realize the tragedy that has happened. Only in this case can we talk about meaningful work on oneself.
A woman will never be able to forget about her loss, but even in such grief one can see a creative beginning, concluded in gaining strength and wisdom for a further full life.
Stroke: psychosomatics and consequences
Stroke psychosomatics - two words that at first glance do not have much in common. The fact is that in traditional medicine, a stroke is considered to be a violation of blood circulation in the vessels of the brain. From a physiological point of view, the occurrence of the disease is so. However, doctors are increasingly coming to the conclusion that a stroke develops under a huge number of different factors, one of which is psychosomatics or psychological condition person. Due to similar problems patients suffer from psychosis and a host of other psychological disorders. To sort out psychosomatic reasons and the consequences of an attack, it is necessary to consider the situation from different angles.
What is psychosomatics?
The word psychosomatics in the medical community means the development of diseases, psychosis, other pathological conditions developing under the influence of psychological perception of a person. We can say that all ailments in the body come from wrong thinking, we ourselves attract them, contribute to their development. In fact, an experienced rehabilitation psychologist will say that many diseases occur not so much from an emotional state as from mental health.
A person who is often subject to stress, depressive states, easily turning to a state of aggression, harms his body, exposing it to constant “shakes”.
First of all, such manifestations of emotionality affect the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and the brain, but if a person has a mental disorder, damage is done to the entire body as a whole. Moreover, there are many cases proving that psychosomatic disorders increase the chance of psychological complications after a stroke. In such cases, in addition to functional problems caused by circulatory disorders, a person faces the following troubles:
Such complications not only complicate the process of rehabilitation, but the very question of recovery is under threat.
Due to the fact that the patient's psyche is disturbed, his emotional state affects not only his health, it becomes a real test for relatives, because it is they who experience depressive, aggressive or other states of the patient.
Psychosomatic causes of stroke
Dizziness, headaches, deterioration of memory, vision, hearing, and so on - all these are signs of problems with blood circulation in the brain and harbingers of a stroke. In most cases, the causes of "brainstroke" are pathologies of the cardiovascular system and accompanying illnesses. But if we associate a stroke with the psychological states of a person and psychosomatics, the reasons contributing to its development will be as follows:
- Constant stress - problems at work, frequent worries and worries.
- Jealousy - discord in the family, groundless or justified jealousy, responds with the most serious mental disorders.
- Anger and hatred are so strong feelings, even if they are pathological manifestations, also contribute to the development of an attack.
- The race for success is about competing with yourself to achieve some goals or the desire to surpass others. Such states are emotionally exhausting.
- Depression - given state abnormal for healthy person, only its manifestation or the state of psychosis can speak of problems in the head.
All the factors described above indicate that a person has a mental disorder. Constant exposure to such conditions provokes health problems, increasing the likelihood of developing a stroke, they cannot be ignored.
Psychosomatic consequences of a stroke
As mentioned earlier, a person who has experienced a stroke also faces psychosomatic problems. This is due not only to pathological disorders caused in certain areas of the brain or manifestations of dementia. Loss of motor functions, inability to perform tasks that previously seemed simple, take care of oneself, etc. All this makes the patient feel inferior, hence the following psychological problems appear.
Aggression after a stroke
Often, these behaviors are caused by lesions in the temporal lobe involving the parahippocampal or anterior cingulate gyrus. At the same time, patients have psychosis, emotional imbalance. In order to get rid of similar complications, sedatives may be required, but the most important thing is the understanding attitude of others and tolerance.
Depression after a stroke
Another severe disorder, which is a certain type of psychosomatic complication. The reasons for its development are the same, but now, in addition to psychosis and anger, it is noticeable that the patient has become depressed, detached, there is a general deterioration not only in the psychological, but also in the physical condition, dizziness. In such a situation, in addition to the main treatment, antidepressants are prescribed to the patient.
Dementia after a stroke
This manifestation is difficult to consider as a consequence of psychotic problems, rather it is a direct consequence of certain disorders caused by extensive damage. It is difficult to cure a person with such a diagnosis; means are used to activate the work of brain neurons and stimulate mental activity, a long course of therapy.
Psychogenic dizziness
Such dizziness is direct evidence of certain disorders that are directly related to the psychological and mental state. Depending on the nature of the problem, both antidepressants and sedatives are used.
Mental disorders after a stroke are much broader, the most common pathological behavioral disorders in patients who have had an attack are listed above. In addition, if the patient was exposed to certain psychosomatic problems before the stroke, the likelihood of their occurrence after the “hit” is significantly increased. What to do and how to act in such situations is decided by the attending physician, however, for a full-fledged treatment, the help of more specialized specialists may be required, among which there should be a rehabilitation psychologist.
If a person’s psyche after a stroke is noticeably “loose”, there is depression, anger, grouchiness, aggressiveness, etc., he needs not only a standard course of treatment, but also psychological help, and possibly therapy with appropriate drugs.
In the treatment of all kinds of psychosomatic abnormalities, psychostimulants are used, therapy with antidepressants, some kind of sedative, neuroleptics is carried out. In any case, each medicine is taken only as prescribed by a specialist, the course and dosage of its intake are prescribed by the attending physician and the rehabilitation psychologist. Before the appointment of treatment and in its process, the patient may need a number of diagnostic measures aimed at assessing the condition and degree of damage caused by impaired blood circulation in the brain, as well as the dynamics of improvements.
Often, only relatives can understand that a person has a mental disorder after a blow. It is for this reason that the survivor of such a shock should have a special attitude rendered by the surrounding people. It is necessary to help the patient in every possible way to cope with the misfortune that has fallen on him and be patient, because the treatment can take months.
Post-alcoholic depression
Post-alcoholic depression is an emotional and psychological state that develops against the background of alcohol addiction. In its symptoms, it is similar to the withdrawal syndrome, but these conditions have fundamental differences.
If a severe hangover is more often accompanied by symptoms of a physiological plan, then depression is characterized by psychological problems.
The relief that a new drink brings is deceptive. It is temporary and after a short period of time, unpleasant symptoms return. For this reason, experts note that post-alcohol depression turns into chronic form more often than other forms of disease.
The mechanism of the disease
It has long been proven that the use of alcoholic products disrupts the functioning of the internal organs of a person. The most serious damage is done to the nervous system and brain. Regular toxic exposure weakens the protective functions of the nervous system, which leads to mental disorders.
Each new dose of alcoholic products allows a person to feel joy, a sense of euphoria, satisfaction. Psychological barriers to behavior are removed, fear goes away. In some cases, increased aggression towards others. But after a few hours this condition passes. In its place comes fatigue and emptiness. There are withdrawal symptoms. As a result, any conflict leads to anger and a desire to drink a new portion of alcohol.
Post-alcoholic depression occurs not only after drinking alcohol, but also as a result of its abrupt cessation. For a person who has stopped drinking:
Gradually, a person develops a chronic depressive state. In this case, at first glance, signs of the disease may be absent. Man will live everyday life to do the usual things. The disease will begin to progress, there will be classic symptoms depression.
Symptoms of depression
Symptoms psychological depression easily confused with a hangover. The latter usually occurs within 5-10 hours after drinking alcohol. Its symptoms are mainly related to the physical condition of the patient. They manifest as headache, nausea, photophobia, general weakness. Post-alcoholic depression affects the psychological state, so its symptoms are associated precisely with mental health person. It affects the emotional state, outlook on life, attitude towards oneself and the world around.
Experts identify a number of main signs of post-alcohol depression:
- Feeling overwhelmed. It manifests itself in a sense of guilt in front of oneself and others.
- Slowing down the rhythm of life. In a state of depression, a person refuses to participate in social life.
- The pace of his vital activity slows down. A person spends more time alone, sitting in front of a TV or computer monitor.
- slowdown psychological reaction. A patient in a state of depression reacts slowly to the environment. The feeling of joy or other emotions do not appear on the face immediately, gradually. The patient seems detached, thoughtful.
- Decreased self-preservation instinct. Against the background of depression, a person begins to poorly distinguish danger. He inattentively reacts to the environment, can provoke an accident.
- Thoughts of suicide. At prolonged depression against the background of chronic alcohol dependence, suicidal tendencies arise. They are connected with the fact that the patient excludes himself from social life, loses connections, becomes unclaimed professionally.
- Loss of the meaning of life. On the background constant need in alcohol everything around becomes uninteresting, boring, monotonous. Patients do not have a feeling of joy. Satisfaction comes only after drinking a new portion of alcohol.
The last signs (lack of self-preservation, loss of meaning in life, suicidal tendencies) are signs of chronic depression and severe alcoholism. When they appear, immediate medical and psychological assistance is indicated. In such a situation, the patient is not able to cope with the problem on his own.
Varieties of depression
Post-alcoholic depression is classified into two types:
The first occurs as a complication hangover syndrome. It is associated with serious poisoning of the body with alcohol. Severe form psychological disorder occurs with alcoholism II or III degree.
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A mild form of depression occurs when withdrawal syndrome. Pathology is typical for males and females prone to a hangover. Experts associate the deterioration of the emotional state with developing hypoglycemia. It occurs as a result of low blood sugar levels. It is required for the processing of large quantities ethyl alcohol that has entered the body. The main signs of hypoglycemia are:
To eliminate unpleasant symptoms, it is enough for a person to introduce a glucose solution. In addition to the lack of glucose, with a mild depressive state, there is a deficiency of magnesium and potassium in the blood. Characteristic features deficiency of these substances is irritability, tremor of the limbs, palpitations, convulsions. The problem can be solved by introducing solutions of calcium and magnesium.
Against the background of general malaise, a sense of shame develops for inappropriate behavior, remorse, anxiety, and self-flagellation. Normally, symptoms disappear in 2-3 days. With drug treatment, the syndrome is removed much faster.
Post-alcoholic depression in severe form occurs with a sharp refusal of alcoholic products. Its characteristic features are severe symptoms manifestations and duration. At the first stages, the disorder passes in the form of an abstinence syndrome - a feeling of anxiety, depression, apathy develops. With the refusal of alcohol and the absence of competent treatment, these feelings turn into a deep emotional crisis. Feelings of worthlessness are exacerbated by the lack of satisfaction from new portions of alcohol. In search of positive emotions, there is a need for strong sensations: drugs, gambling. It becomes very difficult to get out of this state. Treatment of severe forms of post-alcohol depression requires an integrated approach. It consists in the timely support of relatives and friends, drug therapy, psychological help specialist.
Methods of dealing with depression
The effectiveness of the fight against post-alcoholic depression is associated with psychological readiness patient. When refusing to drink alcohol, the patient should prepare for a general deterioration in well-being. With the development of severe forms of depression, patients require medical support. With single emotional disorders, sparing therapy is sufficient.
In the absence of chronic forms of the disease, a radical change in lifestyle allows you to remove the depression. It is important to find activities that allow you to feel joy and satisfaction again without the use of alcohol. Mild depression is treated by:
Freed up time needs to be filled as much as possible with new hobbies and forging social connections that do not contain alcoholic beverages. Preference should be given active pursuits. It can be:
In those situations where depression takes a chronic form, patients are prescribed complex treatment. It includes 3 main areas:
An important role in the treatment of post-alcoholic depression is played by timely diagnosis of the disease and competent treatment. For this reason, close relatives of the patient should provide him with maximum support during rehabilitation and help to establish normal image life.
There is no cure for alcoholism.
Psychotherapy for menopause: when is it needed?
The article describes the types of psychological state of women during menopause, the indications and directions of psychotherapy.
Climax - physiological changes in the body of women 40-50 years old, caused by hormonal changes. It is characterized by a gradual cessation of menstruation until the complete extinction of the cycle. The duration of the period is up to 10 years. The condition may be accompanied by vegetative - vascular, endocrine and psychological disorders, in severe cases - mental disorders. Translated from Greek, "klimax" is a ladder, meaning the stepwise development of a woman.
The psychological state of women during menopause
Manifestation psychological features women during menopause depend on the type of personality, health status (chronic diseases), age and factors environment(the attitude of relatives and colleagues, the nature of work, the presence of stress).
Due to hormonal changes During menopause, the following picture is observed:
- the skin becomes dry and wrinkled;
- hair turns gray and falls out;
- increased heart rate, pulse;
- sensation of "hot flashes" of heat, thirst;
- frequent headaches, digestive problems;
- sleep is disturbed, appetite and libido are reduced.
- decrease in self-esteem;
- anxiety;
- tearfulness for a minor reason;
- various fears (phobias);
- loss of the ability to enjoy something, to enjoy life;
- loss of interest in yourself, your appearance, work, favorite activities.
- sudden outbursts of unmotivated aggression;
- constant dissatisfaction with oneself and / or the behavior of others;
- provoking conflict situations at home and at work;
- mood is unpredictable, changing rapidly for no apparent reason.
- inability to focus;
- weakening of memory;
- in advanced cases - a violation of thinking in the form of ideas of self-abasement, hypochondria (confidence in the presence of an incurable disease), obsessive overvalued ideas.
- for your life and the lives of loved ones;
- get sick with an incurable disease;
- to lose a loved one (due to one's changed appearance and state);
- loneliness - due to a change in character, a woman is afraid that not only her husband, but also her children will leave her;
- lose a job (memory, attention decrease, there is uncertainty in own forces), often - lack of desire to do something;
- lose property;
- a new stage in their lives, which instills horror in them.
- take the elevator (claustrophobia);
- travel by public transport (amaxophobia);
- to be among people in open spaces (agarophobia).
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy. The goal is to help a woman realize that the period of menopause is a natural physiological stage in a person's life. At the sessions, a woman learns about the causes of her condition, ways out of it. She wants to get rid of negative symptoms- Anxiety, aggression, fears. She will be able to increase self-esteem, learn ways to deal with stress.
- Interpersonal - contributes to the normalization of relations with others, teaches to avoid conflict situations and ways out of them. It is carried out both individually and in a group form.
- Family - aimed at stabilizing family relationships, improving the "psychological climate" in the family. The effect will be achieved only with the participation of all family members.
All this leads to a woman's lowered mood, she often imagines herself old and useless. In the absence of support from loved ones; interesting, all-consuming work or occupation; help of a specialist, the following psychological disorders are formed.
a) With elements of depression:
Depressive symptoms may deepen and lead to suicidal thoughts and actions.
b) With a tendency to excitability:
The manifestation of certain psychological characteristics depends on the type of woman's personality. During menopause, character traits are sharpened and manifest in extreme forms The thrifty become greedy, the anxious become timid, the cautious become suspicious.
But there are also paradoxical reactions: a previously shy, shy person suddenly “disinhibits”, becomes active to the point of obsession, strives to be the center of attention, changes his appearance to a catchy, bright one, and his behavior is demonstrative. A woman is afraid of growing old, becoming unattractive, being abandoned, so she subconsciously seeks to prove the opposite, first of all, to herself.
Menopausal fears
Separately, let's talk about fears during menopause. They are diverse and appear with different intensity. Women are afraid
If fears are permanent, they develop into obsessions (phobias), which are no longer possible to get rid of on their own. Types of phobias are expanding - women cannot:
They are panicky afraid of getting infected, accuracy becomes pathological (repeatedly clean and clean the house), the feeling of disgust reaches the point of absurdity (they cannot eat, drink outside the house, take something with their bare hands without gloves). Frequent symptom- constant hand washing.
The development of phobias can be prevented by contacting a psychologist in a timely manner, and, if necessary, a psychiatrist.
Help with menopause: psychologist or psychotherapist?
To menopause proceeded painlessly both physically and psychologically, a woman needs comprehensive medical and psychological support. Physicians will conduct treatment aimed at maintaining hormonal balance and symptomatic therapy for the correction of violations of the internal organs. For mental disorders, psychiatric treatment will be prescribed.
Psychological support includes a consultation, which will identify a range of psychological problems. If a woman has unstable emotional disturbances, a favorable family climate, there are good resources for a quick recovery - 1-2 sessions of short-term psychotherapy are enough, which a psychologist can conduct.
Indications for long-term psychotherapy are profound disorders mental sphere. The following directions apply:
The standard course of therapy is six months with a frequency of 1-2 times a week. If necessary, the course is extended.
The results depend not so much on the qualifications of the psychotherapist, but on the woman herself. She should try to communicate more often with family and friends, not hide her problems in herself, find time for self-care, in the end, love herself in a new state.
Only with joint efforts is the full success of therapy possible.
Psychological state of depression
- characterized by a feeling of loss of orientation in life;
- arising when an individual is confronted with the need to comply with conflicting norms.
Autism is a diseased mental state; withdrawal of the individual from contacts with the surrounding reality and orientation to the world of their own experiences. Autism leads to a loss of the ability to understand the surrounding reality, to inadequate behavior of the individual in society. There are Kanner's early childhood autism, Asperger's autistic psychopathy, organic autism, etc.
Autistic type of behavior - immersion in the world of personal experiences with weakening or loss of contact with reality, loss of interest in reality, lack of communication with other people, poverty of emotional experiences.
Personal disorganization
Personal disintegration
Desintegration of personality
Personal disorganization is a condition in which an individual cannot function effectively due to internal confusion arising from the fact that he adopts conflicting standards of behavior and shows loyalty to different groups.
From lat. Depressio - depression
Depression is a painful state of depression and lethargy mental activity; a state of frustration leading to anemia.
Childhood pathological fantasies
Childhood pathologic fantasies
Children's pathological fantasies are a component of autism, obsessions or delusions that manifest themselves in the imagination of children suffering from neurosis and psychosis, during games and in statements.
Childhood autism - uneven development mental functions in children. Childhood autism is accompanied by difficulties in establishing relationships with people, weak emotional response, “self-absorption”, fear of novelty, sleep disturbances, phobias, avoidance of contact with other people and the outside world in general.
Engagement inertia
The inertia of inclusion is a psychological state of the individual, characterized by the unliberated consciousness from feelings and thoughts associated with certain past events or life facts.
The cognitive dissonance
cognitive dissonance
Cognitive dissonance, according to L. Festinger, is a state characterized by a clash in the mind of an individual of conflicting knowledge, beliefs, behavioral attitudes regarding some object or phenomenon. A person seeks to overcome cognitive dissonance by changing one of the conflicting knowledge and establishing a correspondence between knowledge and behavioral attitudes.
cognitive consonance
cognitive consonance
Cognitive consonance - mutual consistency, a balanced state of the elements of the cognitive system; state of conformity between expected and received information.
From Greek Melaina chole - black bile
Melancholy - in psychiatry - deep endogenous depression sometimes leading to suicidal mania.
Mental conflict - in social psychology - mental conflict,
- characterized by a state of frustration and indecision;
- which is a consequence of the inability of the individual to act due to fear of strengthening adverse effects(when all possible alternatives are equally undesirable).
At the heart of the mental conflict lies the inconsistency of role expectations and values, which increases significantly during periods of sharp social change.
Tension - the emotional state of an individual or group, characterized by disturbed internal balance, anxiety, restlessness, agitation. Voltage is:
- or the result of the mobilization of all the forces of the individual before committing meaningful action;
- or the result of frustration, the action of conflicting motives, the inability or inability to act in an adequate way for a given situation.
Irresponsibility; Insanity
Insanity - a mental state of a person, characterized by his inability to account for his actions and control them due to chronic disease or temporary mental disorder, dementia, etc.
From lat. Passivus - inactive
Passivity - inactivity, indifference to the environment. Passivity is a consequence of:
- social and individual mental factors;
- the simultaneous presence of incentives that encourage oppositely directed actions.
Personification - in psychology - the desire of an individual to shift the blame for events or situations that cause frustration to another person.
A need is an internal state of psychological or functional feeling of lack of something. Needs manifest themselves differently depending on situational factors. Needs are:
- by areas of activity: the needs of labor, knowledge, communication, recreation;
- according to the object of needs: material, spiritual, ethical, aesthetic and other needs;
- by functional role: dominant / secondary, central / peripheral, stable / situational needs;
- according to the subject of needs: group, individual, collective, public.
From lat. Prostratio - decline
Prostration is a state of complete physical and neuropsychic relaxation of the body, which occurs after serious illnesses, severe overwork, nervous shocks, starvation.
From lat.Relaxatio - weakening
Relaxation is the removal of mental stress. Relaxation occurs as an involuntary or voluntary reaction as a result of a person’s special work on his own mental state and is associated with the ability to distract from unpleasant thoughts and emotions through a combination of physical and mental relaxation.
Happiness is a human state that corresponds to:
- the greatest internal satisfaction with the conditions of one's life;
- fullness and meaningfulness of life;
- the fulfillment of their human purpose.
Fatigue is a complex subjective experiences accompanying the development of a state of fatigue. Fatigue is characterized by:
- weakness, lethargy, impotence;
- a feeling of physiological discomfort;
- awareness of violations in the flow mental processes;
- loss of interest in work
- the predominance of motivation to terminate activities;
- negative emotional reactions.
Tiredness; weariness; Fatigue
Fatigue - in psychology - a state of temporary decline functionality human body due to intense or prolonged activity.
From lat. Frustratio - destruction of plans
Frustration is a psychological state of a person, characterized by the presence of a stimulated need that has not found its satisfaction. Frustration is accompanied by negative emotions: anger, irritation, guilt, etc. Distinguish:
- frustrator - the reason causing frustration;
