What gets into breast milk from mom's food? Vegetables and fruits. Basic principles of nutrition for a nursing mother

The science of breastfeeding takes into account both the frequency and quantity of feedings and the diet of mothers. You need to consider which products will be beneficial and which are harmful. Find out what a nursing mother can eat and what foods are recommended to be excluded from the diet during the feeding period. Find out what modern pediatricians say about this - this way you will quickly understand the principles of safe nutrition for nursing mothers.

Basic principles of nutrition for a nursing mother

What you can eat while breastfeeding is a controversial issue in pediatrics. Some doctors argue that the amount of food should not be greatly limited, others believe that a woman should follow a certain diet. The opinions of pediatricians agree on one thing: during the feeding period, mothers need to adhere to certain principles in their diet:

Calorie principle. A nursing mother should not comply. Calorie content daily set products should exceed the generally accepted value by approximately 600 kcal, and the main energy load should come from slow carbohydrates.
The principle of fractionality. It is advisable that the nutrition of a nursing mother while breastfeeding complies with the “less, but more often” rule. Doctors recommend reducing the size of portions by increasing their number per day. The traditional three meals a day should be replaced with five or six meals a day.
Compliance with diet. It is advisable to eat by the hour, correlating the regimen with the frequency of feedings of the baby. It is recommended to have a small snack immediately before feeding, and eat thoroughly in a calm environment when the baby is sleeping.
The principle of diversity. It is strictly forbidden for nursing mothers to “sit” on mono-diets, even in very short period time. This will lead to imbalance necessary substances in breast milk.
Reinforced recommended drinking regime.

What can a nursing mother eat?

An unshakable rule - quality products! No canned or synthetic flavoring additives and exclusively “first freshness”. All products should be purchased only from trusted places. It is important to eat seasonal fruits and vegetables grown in your native region. As for variety, a nursing mother is allowed any foods that do not cause allergies in the baby.

You should make fresh fruit and vegetable purchases with caution; be sure to wash the products thoroughly, and leave some in water for half an hour to an hour. It should be remembered that many foods can change the taste of milk. This will easily lead to the baby refusing to breastfeed if new taste sensations he won't like it. Many foods can change the taste of breast milk, for example:

banana;
ginger;
spices(mint, parsley, basil, celery).

Vegetables and fruits

These products must certainly be included in the set of dishes for nursing mothers, because nothing can replace the vitamins and fiber they contain. They prevent constipation in both mothers and babies, increase the immunity of babies, and some enhance lactation. A nursing woman should only remember about those foods that can harm the baby, and introduce the safest ones into the diet gradually. Here is an approximate list of fruits and vegetables, a safe minimum that determines what a nursing mother can eat:

potato;
carrots and beets;
eggplant;
pumpkin and zucchini;
cauliflower;
broccoli;
cucumbers;
apples;
bananas;
pears.

The color of the products that a nursing mother includes in her menu is also important. So, for example, green vegetables and salad should be eaten fresh, but “colored” vegetables must be boiled, stewed or steamed. Introduce into the diet herbal products should be done gradually. Those that are colored with red pigment (apples, cherries, raspberries, cranberries) are eaten with special caution. The main thing is to monitor the baby’s behavior after the mother has potentially consumed dangerous food. Its danger lies in the allergenic nature of the red pigment.

Poultry, meat and meat products

Healthy diet It is unthinkable for a nursing woman to live without protein products, which are indispensable for a growing baby’s body. Their safe sources are lean meat and poultry:

rabbit;
veal;
chicken fillet;
turkey;
lamb meat

You should also follow the cooking rules. meat products. The meat needs to be steamed, boiled, stewed, baked. Soups should be prepared using secondary broths, because many modern manufacturers introduce growth hormones and antibiotics into feed. These elements fall into mother's milk and can harm babies during breastfeeding. Secondary broths (the first water is drained after five minutes of boiling) will prevent this potential danger animal products.

Fish and seafood

If you include sea or river fish in the menu of mothers during breastfeeding. Low-fat types of this product are recommended, those that can be eaten by a nursing mother:

pollock;
zander;
crucian carp;
pink salmon;
flounder.

You should be aware that some types of fish (for example, flounder, mackerel) significantly change the taste of milk. Cooking methods fish dishes allowed for nursing mothers - steaming, boiling, stewing, baking. The only seafood that is safe during breastfeeding is squid; all other seafood can easily provoke allergies in the baby.

Cereals

This is the source slow carbohydrates, due to which the caloric content of the diet of lactating women significantly increases. Cereal products in the form of porridges are especially useful in the first thirty days of feeding. A clear advantage of cereals is their absolute safety. The only exception is semolina, which at low nutritional value easily leads to recruitment excess weight nursing mother, and instant cereals devoid of vitamins. Here's what breastfeeding mothers can eat from cereal products:

buckwheat;
oat groats;
pearl barley;
corn grits;
millet;
barley grits.

Dairy

During breastfeeding, all dairy products are allowed, but some are only allowed. a certain form and quantity. For example, whole milk(200 ml per day) it is advisable to use it for preparing porridge and be sure to dilute it with water. Fresh cottage cheese (fat content 5-9%) - 150 g per day, and those older than three days - only for making casseroles and cheesecakes. Fermented milk products allowed for consumption (2.5%, 800 ml per day) are:

kefir;
natural yoghurts;
curdled milk;
fermented baked milk;
bifilin;
acidolact.

What a nursing mother should not eat

There are several reasons why certain foods are prohibited for nursing mothers. This is all food containing potentially dangerous allergens for the baby:

red fruits and berries;
chocolate;
crayfish and crabs;
whole milk;
peanut;
Red caviar;
chicken eggs;
Exotic fruits;
citruses.

Products prohibited for nursing mothers include those that have a stimulating effect and can cause gas in the baby after feeding:

green, black tea;
coffee;
Rye bread;
beans, peas;
grape;
soda;
raisin.

What should a nursing mother absolutely not eat? Dishes and products with toxic effects on the body of infants:

alcoholic drinks;
vinegar;
watermelon (accumulates nitrates);
spices;
canned food;
snacks (chips, crackers);
factory-made confectionery products (sweets, pastries, cakes);
spicy and fried foods;
smoked products.

Table of allowed and prohibited products for breastfeeding

In the first six months of life, a breastfed baby should try all foods through mother's milk. This applies to natural food, so the list of foods strictly prohibited for nursing mothers is headed by products with chemical additives. In second place is something that can cause allergies. All other products are considered safe. What nursing mothers can eat and what foods are prohibited are presented in the table.

Type of products (dishes)	Prohibited	Allowed	Allowed in limited quantities
Fruit and vegetable food set	Red, orange berries and fruits (tomatoes, persimmons, pomegranates, etc.) Sauerkraut	Vegetables, fruits green, white, yellow color	Prunes
Dairy	Fermented cheeses	Fermented milk products without flavoring additives Natural yogurt	Diluted whole milk Condensed milk
		Pearl barley	Instant porridge Pasta
Seafood, Fish	Shrimps	Low-fat sea and River fish	Squid
	Alcohol Non-alcoholic soda Strong tea		Apple juice carrot juice pumpkin juice
Confectionery	Factory-made cakes, pastries		homemade baking
Meat products	Fat meat	Veal	Mutton
Nuts, seeds			Walnut
Eggs, mayonnaise			Quail eggs


Canned food Marinades Spices (pepper) Smoked meats Salty foods (herring) Products with synthetic food additives
			Wheat bread

Menu for a nursing mother in the first month after childbirth

Breast cells (lactocytes) have the ability to pass or block various substances. In the first few days after birth, there are gaps between lactocytes, so all substances enter the milk freely during feeding. Later, the gaps are reduced, a blood-milk barrier is formed, and the body blocks the potential danger to the newborn. This feature determines the nutrition of a nursing mother that is safe for a baby in the first month after childbirth:

During the first week, a woman is allowed to eat porridge with water, baked apples, bananas, lean or vegetarian soups; lean meat, vegetable oil and cow, stewed or boiled vegetables, rosehip infusion, weak tea.
The first two days of breastfeeding, a woman’s diet is poor. It is limited to low-fat soups, porridges, boiled vegetables (potatoes), gray (pecked) bread.
From the third day, baked apples and meat are added to the diet.
What can you eat after childbirth, from day 10? This dairy products, quail eggs, fish, pasta, stewed vegetables, tea, compotes, crackers, cookies, dried fruits.
During the entire first month of breastfeeding, a woman should not eat meat broths, whole milk, raw (fresh) vegetables, berries and fruits, sour cream, coffee, wheat bread.

New foods should be introduced in minimal portions, being sure to observe the baby’s reaction after feeding:

how he takes the breast;
is there frequent regurgitation?
whether rashes have appeared on the skin;
Is sleep disturbed?
Are gases formed after feeding, etc.

Proper nutrition for a nursing mother by month - table

During the feeding process (as well as during pregnancy), the child’s body becomes accustomed to a variety of foods, so it is necessary to calculate the nursing mother’s menu by month:

Products of the 1st month	Among meat products, preference should be given to poultry and fish, and meat should be consumed very moderately. Otherwise, it will negatively affect the functioning of the baby’s liver and kidneys. For the same reason, nursing mothers are required to give up everything salty, spicy, sweet, foods with synthetic dyes, canned food, raw fruits and vegetables.
Products of the 2nd month	From now on, it is allowed to cook porridge (in diluted milk) from pearl barley and barley groats, season them butter and sugar. As for vegetables, you need to start eating carrots, beets, pumpkin, cabbage (borscht, cabbage soup), beef tongue, pasta, seasonal fruits, greens.
Products from the 3rd month of feeding	Fresh vegetable and fruit juices, onion, honey, walnuts, homemade jam (except raspberry and strawberry).
Products from the 6th month of feeding	Beans, corn, White bread, beef and other permitted products.

Drinking regime during lactation

During childbirth and breastfeeding, a woman loses a lot of fluid. She needs to replenish the volume of double daily norm: instead of the prescribed one and a half liters - three. Pediatricians recommend drinking a glass of plain water immediately before feeding (20-30 minutes). The main drink of a nursing woman becomes plain water(you can buy bottled, but not carbonated).

Water can be replaced with rosehip infusion, herbal tea (chamomile, lemon balm, thyme, linden), and weak tea with lemon. Some breastfeeding women benefit from milk tea to enhance lactation, but start drinking it no earlier than the second month of breastfeeding. Other drinks allowed for a nursing mother are fruit drinks (cranberry), jelly, compotes (from dried fruits), and juices.

Video

What can nursing mothers eat? Every pediatrician has his own opinion on this matter. It's either the same or different traditional presentation about the standards by which a nursing woman should eat. Watch the video from Dr. Komarovsky’s author’s program dedicated to breastfeeding. You will get to know the point of view professional doctor, learn about the areas of theoretical and practical pediatrics, get acquainted with reviews of nursing mothers, their vision of the list of useful and harmful products.

Breast milk is formed in the alveoli of the mammary glands from the blood and lymph of a woman. What mommy eats and drinks is broken down into molecules in the gastrointestinal tract and absorbed into the blood. From tissue capillaries mammary gland molecules pass through the cells lining the alveoli into the milk. Since food is not digested instantly, and molecules are not removed from the blood immediately, this process takes some time.

It's interesting and important to know how quickly everything happens. How many hours must pass before the molecules of the eaten cutlet can end up in the baby’s mouth? How long after a romantic evening with champagne can you breastfeed your baby without fear of harming his health, and when is it better to take the medicine so that the baby gets it in the smallest amount?

Since different foods and medications are digested, absorbed, and passed through the alveolar wall differently, let's look at each one in order.

Sugar

It begins to enter the blood very quickly, after 10 minutes, but this process also ends soon, after about 30 minutes. The treats you eat greatly affect the sweetness of the milk. This is especially true for easily digestible carbohydrates: sugar, honey, jam, grapes. A child who gets too much sugar may not be able to digest it properly. Hence the bloated tummy and skin problems.

Gas-forming foods

Many mothers believe that the child is bloated because of the mother's gas-forming food. But gases are not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, therefore, they are not in the blood, and they cannot affect the child in any way. But the food contains all kinds of proteins, some of which can be poorly digested by the baby’s body and cause intestinal disorders. If some foods cause problems for the child, then it is better for the mother to refuse them during the feeding period.

Allergens

Their entry into milk begins after 40–50 minutes. It can last from 3 to 15 hours, depending on the speed of digestion of the product containing the allergen: for dairy products it will be 3–4 hours, for flour products – 12–15 hours, for vegetables from 6 to 8 hours.

Harmful e-additives, which modern food from supermarkets contains in abundance, can enter milk from the blood for up to 1 week.

Allergens cause the release of histamine and can cause rashes in the child. The most common allergies are to honey, eggs, citrus fruits, red vegetables and fruits, seafood, nuts, and whole cow's milk. If the allergy manifests itself in moderate degree, then the baby can be gradually accustomed to allergenic product, using it in small doses and infrequently.

There are also foods that you should completely avoid.
Glutamates, which are contained in chips and crackers produced in production.
Synthetic vitamin complexes, herbal extracts.
Nitrates. They're in large quantities found unnaturally in vegetables and fruits beautiful view.
Aspirin. It is added, for example, to lemonade. It is strictly prohibited for use by nursing women and children.

Alcohol

It enters the blood within 3–5 minutes. At this moment, mom begins to feel slightly intoxicated. It can be removed from 2 hours to several days. It all depends on many factors: the amount of drink, the strength of the drink, the woman’s weight, and most importantly, on the individual characteristics of metabolism.

Some mothers believe that if you express milk after drinking alcohol, then there will be no alcohol in it. This is absolutely not true. As long as there is alcohol in the blood, it will be in the chest. But due to the peculiarities of the walls of the alveoli, if alcohol is completely removed from the blood, then it will not be in the milk either. And you don't need to pump. During diffusion, alcohol molecules move in the direction with the lowest concentration. And gradually breast milk is being updated.

Water-soluble vitamins

The same vitamins that are contained in food also pass into breast milk. That is, how much healthy products the mother ate, the baby will get so many of them. Water-soluble vitamins include ascorbic acid, a nicotinic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine. They do not accumulate in the body, so it is necessary that they be present on the table every day.

Which foods contain the maximum amount of these vitamins:

Ascorbic acid. To get enough of it you need to include it in daily diet citrus fruits, rose hips, parsley, cranberries, cabbage, currants;
a nicotinic acid. It is rich in liver, seafood, chicken, pork, eggs, cheese, potatoes, tomatoes, carrots, cereals, beans, parsley, mint, nettles;
thiamine You will find it in beef, pork, liver, kidneys, spinach, yeast, peas, beans, wheat bread;
riboflavin in maximum quantities found in mushrooms, liver, mackerel, eggs, cottage cheese, cheese, almonds, pine nuts, spinach, rose hips;
pyridoxine. Its sources include liver, beef, lamb, chicken, eggs, salmon, tuna, oysters, shrimp, cereals, nuts, seeds, sprouted grains, peas, beans, greens, potatoes, carrots, tomatoes, berries and fruits.

Iron

Unlike water-soluble vitamins, the amount of iron you get does not depend on how much you eat. Every woman's breast milk contains enough of this microelement. Another thing is that it is absorbed differently. Some children may develop anemia due to poor absorption of iron. This condition is diagnosed and treated by a doctor. The introduction of complementary foods is usually prescribed and various drugs gland.

Calcium

It fully applies to him famous phrase doctors that “the child will take his own.” Regardless of your diet, your child will have enough calcium. But a woman may begin to have problems with teeth and bones. So it is imperative to use sufficient quantity products containing calcium: cottage cheese, cheese, fish.

Fats

The amount of fat in breast milk is purely genetic. You can consume as much butter, lard and cheese as you like and still change its fat content very slightly. But it’s very easy to increase your own “fat content” in this way.

Medicines

Many drugs penetrate the walls of the alveoli. In order to find out when this happens, you need to carefully read the instructions for the drug. Remember that the medicine will appear in the chest at the same time as in the blood. To determine when the medicine will be eliminated, you need to find in the instructions the half-life of the drug from the body. The higher the concentration of a substance in the blood, the more of it passes into breast milk. It is better not to breastfeed your baby during the period when the concentration of drugs is maximum.

Various beneficial and harmful substances pass through the alveolar wall through diffusion, during which the concentrations are equalized inside and outside the blood-milk barrier. They move in the direction of the lowest concentration. With changes in the content of microelements in the blood, breast milk is also renewed.

Using achievements modern science, mothers can feed their children properly and be healthy. And how much pleasure you can get from life and motherhood!

Spicy foods include various spices, seasonings and spicy foods, including red and chili peppers, onions and garlic, curry and even cinnamon. In addition, this can include spicy foods, such as seasoned meats and fish, smoked meats and other similar foods. In this article we will find out whether such food can be added to the diet of a nursing mother.

Specifics and effects of spicy food

Spicy seasonings make the taste more piquant and refined. But they can either improve or worsen taste qualities food. In addition, spicy foods have different influence on the body. They are known to effectively kill bacteria and protect against infections, strengthen the immune system and prevent colds, strengthen hair and stimulate metabolism.

But at the same time, spicy food also has negative impact. First of all, it can burn the mucous membranes and intestines, causing allergic reaction and dehydration. Spicy foods in large quantities change the taste of milk in a woman during lactation. Let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of spicy food. And let’s figure out whether it’s possible to eat spicy foods while breastfeeding.

Harm and danger of spicy food

Spices, seasonings and spicy foods are strong allergens. As a result, acute departure is also possible. Abuse of such products worsens digestion and causes diseases of the stomach, kidneys and liver. Ulcers, heartburn, gastritis or pancreatitis may occur, asthma may appear, skin rashes and irritation.

Elements of spicy food lead to an excess of salts and a lack of water in the body. This causes diseases of the skin, blood vessels and heart, and digestion. In addition, due to lack of fluid, breast milk production deteriorates and lactation decreases. Spicy food burns the stomach and mucous membranes.

In addition, an unprepared infant’s body may react negatively to sharp components. After all, the baby receives through breast milk all the elements of the food that the mother ate. Spicy food burns children's intestines and causes intoxication, provokes colic and worsens the stool of infants. As a result, the baby experiences abdominal pain, suffers from vomiting and nausea, diarrhea or constipation.

It has been noted that garlic and onions, horseradish and mustard in excessive quantities give breast milk a bitter taste, as a result. However, a change in the taste of milk can only occur when consuming a very large volume of such food. But despite the danger and harm, spicy foods can also bring benefits to the body.

Beneficial features

Kill bacteria and remove toxins;
Strengthen hair follicles and reduce hair loss;
Improve immunity and protect against colds, viral and infectious diseases;
They have antiseptic, antibacterial, antimicrobial and antiviral properties;
Increases blood supply to the oral mucosa, which prevents the occurrence and development of caries;
They reduce weight because they speed up metabolic processes and digestion of food, quickly saturate the body and reduce appetite;
Normalize blood circulation, dilate blood vessels and reduce blood pressure;
Restore the gastric mucosa and improve blood flow to the walls of this internal organ;
Helps cope with stress and improve mood, give vigor and strength;
Setting up work nerve cells and normalize sleep;
Spicy foods, especially hot pepper, include vitamin A and C. Read about the benefits of vitamin C for nursing mothers and babies.

Rules for eating spicy foods and dishes

However, the harm from such nutrition is much greater useful properties. This is why pediatricians do not recommend using spicy food when breastfeeding, especially in the first two to three months after birth. Let's take a closer look at the rules for eating spicy foods during lactation:

a nursing mother must follow a strict diet, since the newborn’s body is still very weak and is just beginning to adapt to new conditions and new food. During this period, spices and seasonings are prohibited, only salt in a minimal amount is allowed;
Among peppers and spices, black pepper in the form of peas is considered the most harmless. It has a beneficial effect on the body. Thus, black pepper improves immunity and effectively copes with colds, regulates blood clotting and strengthens the bone skeleton, prevents the appearance and development of cancer diseases. This pepper can be eaten already in the second month of lactation;
After the third month, you can eat green and onion. But remember in moderation and do not overuse the product!;
Before trying a new food or product for the first time while breastfeeding, try a small portion first and wait two days. If the baby does not have a negative reaction, the product is safe to eat;
After six months, when the first complementary foods are introduced to the baby, the mother can eat onions in small quantities; garlic, cinnamon and bay leaves can be added to the diet;
Permissible dosage spicy seasonings and spices should not exceed five grams for one dish;
It is not advisable to eat mustard and horseradish throughout breastfeeding. However, in in rare cases if the baby does not have allergies or other negative reactions, you can eat such food in minimal quantities;
Take fresh and natural spices. You can independently collect and dry the ingredients and prepare various spices.

During lactation, hot types of peppers and ready-made purchased mixtures in the form of powders, like universal powdered seasonings for meat, vegetables, fish, soups and main courses, are prohibited! Such products include big number dangerous additives and dyes, flavors and other chemicals. And this is extremely harmful to the health of children and adults.

Cannot be consumed spicy food for asthma and cystitis, digestive problems, as well as allergies or a tendency to an allergic reaction. A full list, which includes permitted and prohibited foods during lactation, can be found at the link.

The diet of a woman who has chosen breastfeeding for herself and her child requires special attention. After all, the foods that a nursing mother can eat affect the condition of her baby. With milk, the baby’s body receives all the elements and vitamins necessary for growth and development. An incorrectly designed menu can lead to stomach upsets, allergic reactions and many other unpleasant consequences.

Guide to healthy eating

Food influences the entire lactation process. Some foods increase the amount of milk produced, while others can reduce it. At the same time, they affect the taste of breast milk in such a way that the baby may refuse to breastfeed altogether. A high-quality menu ensures the production of the required volume of milk and the full development of the child.

For correct selection products needed:

Choose your food wisely, do not overeat, because... excess nutrition entails gastric discomfort not only in the nursing mother, but also in the child;
choose hypoallergenic products in the first 4 weeks after birth to protect the newborn from allergies;
start experimenting with variety in the menu no earlier than the second month, new food is consumed in small portions and the reaction of the child’s body is assessed within 2-3 days;
drink a lot of liquid, preferably warm, this will stimulate the formation of milk and at the same time cleanse the female body;
apply to products containing animal protein with caution (eggs, milk);
take into account the saturation of the food consumed with essential nutrients and minerals; their deficiency slows down the growth and development of the infant;
avoid fried and spicy dishes, it is better if they are steamed, stewed or baked in the oven;
limit yourself to flour and butter delicacies, as well as various sweets;
completely remove alcohol and soda from your drink list;
do not consume canned products;
give up mushrooms and homemade pickles, salt and acetic acid may cause poisoning and mushroom dishes difficult to digest;
Do not improve the taste of food by adding seasonings and spices, and also avoid mayonnaise and various sauces.

What products are allowed and in what quantities?

The following table tells you what a nursing mother can eat and what not:

Can	In what quantity	It is forbidden
Beef and rabbit meat, turkey and chicken, minced poultry or beef	no more than 300 g	Pork and smoked meats, fatty meat containing veins and lard, sausage, ham, semi-finished products and canned meat
Lean fish (such as pollock or cod)	no more than 300 g	Fatty or salted herring or mackerel, canned fish and crab sticks
Fermented milk products, low-fat cottage cheese	no more than half a liter of kefir, fermented baked milk, etc., 150 grams of cottage cheese, 30 grams of hard cheese and sour cream	Salted and processed cheeses, curd cheeses or drinks with fruit fillings
Egg	chicken – 1 pc., quail – 4 pcs.	Any eggs if you have allergic reactions
Fruits (pear, banana, apple)	no more than 300 g	Bright red or orange exotic fruits
Vegetables (cucumber, potatoes, zucchini, cauliflower, parsley and dill, carefully carrots, beets and tomatoes)	no more than 600 g	Radish, horseradish, white cabbage, sweet pepper, radish, basil with sage
Sweet and rich foods (a little dark chocolate and ice cream without fillers, oatmeal cookies and biscuits, not very sweet homemade pastries)		Baking and glazed ice cream, flavored with various coloring fillers or other chemical compounds, wheat bread, jams and preserves
Dishes from cereals (rice, buckwheat, oatmeal, corn) and pasta	no more than 150 g	Semolina porridge and pasta containing egg
Sauces, vegetable oil from sunflower, olive or flax, butter	15 g vegetable oil 30 g butter	Ketchups, sauces, mayonnaise
Freshly squeezed apple or carrot juice, non-carbonated drink, weak black or green tea	more than 2 l	Alcoholic or carbonated drinks, strong tea, coffee, citrus or tomato juices

Fermented milk products and milk

Whole milk

Reception cow's milk does not affect the quality of breast milk, but the protein it contains is an allergen and can harm the baby.

Doctors do not advise drinking milk until five months, but if the child does not have a tendency to allergies, it is allowed to start drinking it earlier.

The list of permitted products includes baked milk, because has better digestibility and does not affect the quality of lactation. Suitable during breastfeeding goat milk, but due to its specific taste, not everyone can drink it. First, all cereals are boiled in water; porridge in milk can be cooked starting from the fourth month.

Cottage cheese

Eating cottage cheese is a must when breastfeeding. Without it, the formation of the bone skeleton will be difficult. It is also an excellent stimulant for brain activity and mental processes. It is important that the cottage cheese contains no impurities or additives, and it is even better if it is homemade.

Kefir

Some nursing mothers doubt that after taking kefir they can continue breast-feeding, because it contains a small amount of alcohol. But its quantity is negligible and insignificant, which absolutely does not threaten unpleasant consequences for babies. However, pediatricians suggest including it in the diet no earlier than the child is six months old. Kefir has a positive effect on intestinal microflora, improves the condition of hair and nails, but you should not include it in the menu more than three times a week.

Cheese

The list of products for breastfeeding contains cheeses. When the baby turns 2 months old, hard varieties are introduced into the permitted foods during breastfeeding, and then feta cheese or other soft and pickled varieties are added to them. As for processed cheeses, it is advisable to avoid them.

Sour cream

Sour cream for nursing mothers is indicated with a low fat content; it is added to cottage cheese, salad or soup. Dairy products such as fermented baked milk or yogurt also do no harm during guards. Products purchased by nursing mothers must be fresh, so it is necessary to additionally check their production date when purchasing.

Which fruits to choose?

The list of foods allowed during lactation includes some fruits. Balanced diet it is impossible to imagine without including these delicious and useful fruits. In order to choose a fruit that will not cause harm in the form of allergies, stool disorders or other troubles, you should:

choose fruits whose color is not bright, the only exceptions being those fruits that are easily removed from the red or orange peel;
do not overuse citrus fruits;
Before consumption, clarify the degree of influence of the desired fruit on the state of the intestinal microflora.

Apples

In the first month after giving birth, you can eat apples. First, you need to remove the skin from green fruits. These fruits are very beneficial for blood composition and hemoglobin levels. When consumed regularly, apples reduce the risk of constipation.

Pears

Pears are also permitted foods. They promote hematopoiesis, stabilize the heart and digestion. Even though pears are sweeter than apples, they have less sugar content. We must remember that you should not eat pears empty stomach, and before eating you need to peel them.

Bananas

Bananas are an acceptable food for breastfeeding. If eaten between meals, they are a great snack, and mashed bananas are good for breakfast. Bananas relieve insomnia, improve mood and stimulate immune system.

Peaches

3 months after giving birth, you can try peach and nectarine. You should eat them carefully when breastfeeding due to the presence of an allergen in them. In general, peaches protect against stress and depressive states, relieve swelling, improve mood.

Plums

It is better to pre-cook plums and drink plum compote, it allows you to increase the amount of milk produced, strengthens skeletal system and normalizes blood circulation.

Good for feeding a nursing mother fresh fruits and berries grown precisely during their ripening season, and not greenhouse hybrids.

So white and yellow cherries can be eaten in the period May-August, nectarines and peaches - mid-July-September, figs - from June to the end of September, ripen in October-December persimmon, A useful pomegranates will be in stores from September to December.

Until the child is 3 months old, it is better if the fruit is eaten dried or baked. This will reduce the content of allergens in them.

Which vegetables to choose?

Tomatoes

All vegetables that have a red color should be treated with caution, in addition useful elements they contain pectin, which can cause severe skin rashes. But it’s absolutely impossible to do without them.

If we talk about tomatoes, then, in general, they have a positive effect on the body. They increase stress resistance and fight the formation of cancer cells, and have immunostimulating properties. To make sure that they are completely harmless, you must first experiment with fruits of yellow shades and eat them without the skin.

Broccoli, cabbage

Everyone knows about the benefits of broccoli and cauliflower. Their use can not harm infant, on the contrary, vitamin C will help improve mood and strengthen the baby’s immune system, fighting viral infections and stress. The same cannot be said about white cabbage. It is difficult to digest and threatens the child with digestive disorders.

Zucchini

Allowed for feeding nursing mothers from the first days after birth. They contain a large amount of vitamins and useful substances, they help cleanse the body and cope with overweight, reduce arterial pressure and normalize the activity of the nervous system.

cucumbers

It must be used very carefully to avoid unpleasant manifestations from the pancreas. During lactation, preference should be given only to fresh young cucumbers with the greatest content vitamin C. This vegetable helps eliminate excess liquids and cleansing the kidneys, improves the condition of the heart muscle and increases resistance to stressful situations.

Nursing mothers are prohibited from using cucumbers in pickles and marinades with cucumbers. They retain fluid and lead to poisoning. But in pickle, after heat treatment, pickled cucumbers lose this property, so during gw, after six months, it is completely allowed to be consumed.

Carrot

Improving visual functions And skin covering Carrots should be introduced into food with care when breastfeeding, because may cause allergic reactions.

Eggplant

The list of foods that should be eaten with caution during the period includes eggplants. They are not prohibited, but are allowed for food after 3 months of the baby’s life. in moderation. Eggplants improve metabolic processes in the body, stimulate the kidneys, liver, and digestive system. Eating eggplant will help your baby cope with constipation.

Beet

Another natural remedy for constipation - beets. The main thing is not to overdo it. It should be present in the diet in small quantities to improve digestion, development and strengthening of the skeleton.

Vegetables that can be eaten by a nursing mother must be properly prepared, steamed, boiled, baked or stewed. To consume the fruits fresh, they must be washed well.

What drinks are preferable?

The list of foods and drinks allowed during breastfeeding increases by month. During the first four weeks of a child's life, it is not advisable to drink anything other than plain water and green tea.

Clean still water It is necessary to drink throughout the entire period when the baby is attached to the mother's breast. Green tea has a tonic effect, which is important for coffee lovers, which is included in the list of prohibited foods for a nursing mother. Besides, this drink promotes milk production.

During the second month, black tea, freshly squeezed apple and carrot juice are excluded from the “prohibited products” register. It is important that the strength of the tea is not strong, and water is added to the juices, diluted by half. Gradually the volume of water is reduced. Juice from tomatoes, oranges, grapefruits and exotic fruits remains prohibited.

Berry compotes perfectly quench thirst and replenish vitamin reserves. Fresh fruits are also suitable for making compotes: apples, pears, plums, dried apricots, prunes and raisins. It is better not to use all possible brightly colored berries for making a drink. Currants, strawberries or wild strawberries can cause allergies in a child.

Dairy products can be consumed with great caution; it is better not to introduce them into the diet earlier than 6 months after birth. There is also a ban on coffee for six months. It has a stimulating effect on nervous system baby and increases anxiety. For those who feel uncomfortable without coffee, a drink made from chicory is suitable.

It is strictly forbidden to drink alcoholic and carbonated drinks while breastfeeding. They certainly harm the woman’s body, and cause irreparable damage to the baby’s health.

What to eat to enhance lactation?

The amount of milk produced depends on the measures taken by the mother to maintain and increase lactation. To do this, you need to regularly attach the baby to the breast, choose for feeding correct posture, monitor the condition of the breasts and nipples, wear special bras, give breasts to the child at his request, especially at night.

An increased drinking regime is very important for lactation; warm drinks are especially good at stimulating the production of breast milk. A number of foods that are allowed during breastfeeding can also contribute to this process.

You can improve lactation with:

lean meat, chicken, turkey and rabbit are suitable;
broths and soups cooked with the same lean meat;
some cereals (rolled buckwheat);
Not large quantity nuts (walnuts);
herbal teas specially designed for lactation;
infusions of cumin and fennel;
feta cheese;
cottage cheese;
bread with the addition of bran and caraway seeds;
carrots;
ginger and tea with it;
gooseberries, white and red currants.

Products allowed for breastfeeding women should not be very hot or cold. This can be harmful; it is better to take all foods slightly cooled or slightly warmed up.

It is quite common to believe that a nursing mother should not eat onions and garlic. It is believed that these products spoil the taste of milk and the child may refuse to breastfeed. In fact, this statement relates more to myths than to reality. Almost from birth, the baby gets used to the fact that the taste of breast milk is constantly changing. After all, it directly depends not only on what the mother eats, but also on what processes occur in her body (for example, changes in hormonal background). Of course, when some substances get into breast milk, they can affect its taste, but for the most part, babies are completely calm about such changes. Therefore, the baby is unlikely to refuse the breast if the mother ate a clove of garlic or a little onion. However, it should be borne in mind that consuming these products in large quantities, like any other “excesses” in the mother’s diet, can cause reactions food intolerance and discomfort in the child.

Breast milk: exclude “thick” foods

Traditionally, from the menu of a nursing mother, especially in the first months after the birth of the baby, it is recommended to exclude foods that can cause fermentation and increased gas formation(flatulence) in the baby’s intestines. These most often include cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, legumes, and grapes. Often in " prohibited list“Almost all vegetables and fruits come in raw form. Meanwhile, there is only a grain of truth in such statements, and such strict restrictions can even be harmful for a nursing mother, impoverishing her diet and depriving the mother’s body of many useful and necessary substances.

Indeed, vegetables and fruits contain a large amount of fiber, cellulose, pectin and other substances, the digestion of which may be accompanied by increased secretion gases in the mother's intestines. But it should be noted that coarse plant fibers, which are mainly the “culprits” for increased gas formation, are not digested and are not absorbed into the blood, passing in transit through the mother’s gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, they cannot affect the baby’s digestive system. After all, as you know, breast milk contains only those substances that enter it from the blood and lymph.

At the same time, on the menu of almost every person there are certain foods that are not very well digested and absorbed by the body, causing such unpleasant symptoms as flatulence, heartburn, abdominal pain, and bowel dysfunction. Matters here individual characteristics digestive system: enzyme activity, microflora composition, intestinal absorption capacity, which may suffer in the presence of diseases gastrointestinal tract in a nursing woman. So, if a mother’s body does not have enough enzymes to break down certain substances (for example, cow’s milk protein or the raffinose carbohydrate found in legumes and grapes), they can accumulate in the intestines, causing her increased gas formation. Some of these substances can be absorbed into the blood unbroken and then pass into breast milk, causing negative reaction at the baby's.

In any case, it is not at all necessary and even harmful for a nursing mother to exclude all vegetables and fruits from her diet. You just need to be careful and take good care of yourself and your baby. If the mother herself does not suffer from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and the products that she consumes are well tolerated and absorbed by her body, without causing flatulence or bowel dysfunction, then most likely these products will not have an effect on the child. If she notes the connection between the use specific product(it doesn’t have to be cabbage or grapes) and negative manifestations from the gastrointestinal tract in her or her baby, it is better to temporarily exclude this product from your menu.

Tea, coffee and cocoa for breast milk

One of the most exciting questions for a nursing mother is whether she can drink coffee, and in what quantities? This question is especially relevant for those women who, before the birth of the baby, could not imagine the morning without a cup. invigorating drink. Many mothers after sleepless nights feel tired and lack of strength. In such a situation, it can be very difficult to give up your favorite drink. But still, during the period of breastfeeding, you should limit yourself to drinking strong tea and coffee. It has been proven that the caffeine they contain passes into breast milk and can have an stimulating effect on the baby’s nervous system, causing restless behavior and sleep disturbances. In addition, it has been established that the period of elimination of caffeine from the body of a baby is much longer than that of an adult, as a result of which this substance can accumulate in children's body. That is why a nursing woman is not recommended to drink more than 1–2 small cups of weak natural coffee per day (3–4 cups of weak black or green tea per day). If your mother really wants to drink coffee, you can allow herself a cup immediately after she has breastfed the baby. Then up to next feeding The caffeine will be cleared from her body and will have no effect on the baby. If your baby’s behavior is restless, he sleeps poorly or is capricious, then it is better to give up these drinks altogether for a while.

You can replace coffee with a drink made from chicory or barley, and instead of regular black or green tea you can use (if the child does not have allergies) Herb tea from chamomile, mint or special teas for nursing mothers.

It is also worth remembering that coffee and other caffeine-containing drinks (including cocoa) can provoke an allergic reaction in a child.

Contrary to popular belief, breastfeeding does not require the nursing mother to follow a strict diet. On the contrary, it is very important that her diet is varied and balanced; for this it is enough to remember a sense of proportion and follow the principles of healthy eating.

Foods and lactation: everything is good in moderation

Of course, the amount of food consumed also plays an important role, since digestive disorders in mother and baby can be caused not by the product itself, but by its excess consumption. The proverb “everything is good in moderation” is perfect for feeding a nursing mother. Even if the mother ate a “tumescent” product, but in a small amount, the likelihood that the baby will react to it with digestive disorders is very low. At the same time, it has been proven that the consumption of large quantities of whole cow's milk and products with high content sugar (eg confectionery, sweet curd spreads and cheeses, sweet soft drinks, sweet cereals, etc.), large amounts of hot and spicy foods can increase gas formation and colic in the baby.