Presentation on the topic of speech styles. Fiction style

Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that studies the principles of the appropriate use of the means available in the language. The totality of linguistic means

Stylistics is a branch of linguistics that studies
principles of appropriate use
means available in the language
Set of linguistic means, choice
which is determined by the content,
purposefulness and context of speech,
constitutes what is usually called style
language

Choosing a Speech Style

depends on
SPEECH SITUATION,
those. from that
- who are we talking to,
- where we speak,
- why are we talking?

Classification of stylistic varieties of speech

Written speech
Oral speech
Scientific style
Conversational style
Business style
Journalistic style
Art style

Scientific style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Presentation
scientific
information;
scientific
works,
speeches,
reports,
lectures;
articles and
books on
scientific topics;
textbooks
Speech tasks
Characteristic
statements
Message
Accuracy,
information,
logic,
having scientific
evidence;
meaning;
absence
explanation
emotionality
causes of phenomena
And
clarification
(dispassionate,
achievements of science
dryness of speech)
and technology,
message about them
Language means
Book and
special vocabulary,
scientific terms;
category words
states, verbal
forms
plural
numbers, participles and
participles; straight
word order,
complicated simple
offers; introductory
words indicating
by an order of magnitude
registration of thoughts

Scientific style

Purpose: systematic and
accurate presentation of scientific
questions
Using complex
proposals
The presence of words with abstract
significance, scientific and technical
terminology
Absence emotionally
colored words
Logical presentation

Main genres

Article
Monograph
Thesis
Encyclopedia
Dictionary
Directory
Educational literature

Determine which of the texts is written in a scientific style? Explain your choice.

Birch is a genus of trees and
shrub family
birch About 120
species, in temperate and
cold belts
Northern Hemisphere and
subtropical mountains.
Forest-forming and
decorative breed.
The greatest economic
birch is important
warty and birch
fluffy.
White birch
Below my window
Covered with snow
Exactly silver.
On fluffy branches
Snow border
The brushes have blossomed
White fringe...
S. Yesenin

Formal business style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Tasks
speeches
Characteristic
statements
Accurate transmission
business
information;
business papers
(ads,
statements,
reports, certificates,
receipts,
instructions,
contracts,
laws, guidelines,
orders,
instructions...
Message
information,
having
business
informational
meaning
Strictness;
accuracy;
formality;
lack of emotion
Language means
Using stamps
special business
vocabulary; direct order
words; predominance
nouns, incl.
verbal, verbs in
imperative
inclination,
derivative prepositions,
PP and SP with
separate members
SPP with subordinate clauses
conditions,
connecting

Business style

Used in the field
legal relations
Accuracy
Standardization
text construction
Prescriptive character
business documents
Wide Application
standard speed
A large number of
derivative prepositions and
unions (in accordance with
connection, due to the fact that
according to…)

Main genres:

Legislative
acts
Official
correspondence
Documentation
(application, request,
power of attorney,
explanatory,
report)
Characteristic
Autobiography, cv

Review the sample application. What are the rules for writing and arranging parts?

To the director
Humanitarian School No. 5
Semenov Yu. R.
student of 10th grade
Petrova S.K.
statement.
Please transfer me to grade 10 “b” (mathematics specialization), as I intend to take
Unified State Examination in mathematics for further
admission to the institute.
Petrov
September 5, 2015

Journalistic style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Tasks
speeches
Impact,
propaganda and
propaganda;
speeches,
reports, lectures,
debates, articles
to socio-political
topics (newspapers,
magazines, radio,
TV,
professional portals,
network sites
Internet, etc.)
Broadcast
information about
relevant
issues
modern life
with the aim of
impact on
of people,
formation
public
opinions
Characteristics
and statements
Callability;
passion;
expression
his
relationship to
subject of speech;
brevity
at
informational
saturation
Language means
Using various
lexical layers, incl.
vocabulary of socio-political and
expressively colored,
phraseological units, proverbs
and saying;
figurative means
language (epithets, metaphors,
comparisons, inversions...);
simple (complete and
incomplete) short
offers;
rhetorical questions
appeals

Journalistic style

Purpose: informing,
transfer of socially significant
information
Impact on the reader/listener
Area of ​​use: socio-economic, political, cultural relations
Logic and imagery
Emotionality, appeal, evaluativeness
Public accessibility: speech is calculated
to a wide audience
Accuracy of facts, specificity
Rhetorical questions, appeals

Main genres:

Newspaper article,
magazine
Feature article
Reportage
Interview
Feuilleton
Oratorical speech
Judicial speech
Speech on
radio, television
Report

Determine the genre.

Found at the bottom of the Baltic
sunken ship Frau Maria.
Finnish scuba divers discovered at the bottom of the Baltic
The Dutch ship Frau Maria, which sank in 1771.
According to available archival data, the ship was carrying
works of art, earthenware, gold jewelry that
Empress Catherine the Great bought it in Amsterdam.

Fiction style

Function, scope
applications
Artistic
impact
(Creation
image);
artistic
works
(stories,
stories,
novels, plays and
etc.)
Speech tasks
Impact on
reader
(listener)
by
verbal
artistic
Images
life;
broadcast
relationship to
surrounding
to the world
Characteristic
statements
Imagery;
expressiveness;
evaluative
character of speech
Language means
Combination of Features
various styles;
wide use
figurative means
language;
attraction
lexical and
syntactic means
other speech styles for
gain
expressiveness

Art style

Main function: aesthetic
Imagery
Use of artistic
means of language (tropes): epithets,
similes, metaphors,
hyperbole, personification, etc.
Emotionally colored
vocabulary

Read the poem. Determine the style of speech. Name the means of figurative expression.

Not the wind blowing from above,
The sheets touched the moonlit night;
You touched my soul. It is as restless as leaves.
It is like a harp and has many strings.
The whirlwind of life tormented her
And a crushing raid,
Whistling and howling, he tore the strings
And it was covered in cold snow...
A. Tolstoy

Conversational style

Used in
Everyday life
Ease
communication
Lack of preparation
speeches
Expressiveness and
evaluativeness
Presented as in
verbally and in
in writing, notes, private
letters

1. Conversational style of speech

Function, scope
applications
Communication in
unofficial
environment (in
family circle,
friends);
dialogues;
friendly
messages,
letters, conversations;
social
networks, blogs in
Internet
Speech tasks
Exchange
impressions, thoughts with
loved ones or
Fine
acquaintances
people
Characteristic
statements
Unforced (without
preliminary
thinking and
language selection
means) speech,
emotionality,
immediacy
statements
Language means
Emotional
expressive
colloquial vocabulary,
words with suffixes
subjective
assessments,
vernacular,
introductory
designs,
incomplete
offers,
interjections,
appeals,
modal
particles, repeats,
inversions...

Read the text. What is its feature? Name the phrases characteristic of this style.

-
Hello!
Hello! Who do I see! Long time no see!
How you have changed! Wow, smart girl!
Where have you been? And he was also called a friend!
Life got busy... I work until late at night.
Okay, are you still rubbing your glasses?
Let's meet and chat...
And I live at the old address, come in... Always welcome
we will!
- I'll drop by on Sunday. Bye!
- See you!

Characteristic
type of speech
Narration is
story, message about
any event in
his temporary
sequences.
Peculiarity
the narrative is
what does it say about
following each other
other actions.
Scope of use
Narration
as a type of speech very
distributed in
such genres
artistic and
journalistic
literature, how
memories,
letters.
Examples
Example narration:
I began to stroke Yashkina
paw and I think: just like
baby And tickled
his palm. And the baby jerks his paw - and me
on the cheek. I don't even blink
I managed, and he gave me
slapped him in the face and jumped under the table.

Typical composition
narrative
texts includes:
Narration is 1) a plot (beginning
world in motion (one event);
the frame is replaced by another) 2) development of the action;
3) climax;
4) denouement (result
events)
Varieties
narrations:
1) visual;
2) informative

DESCRIPTION

Characteristic
type of speech
Description is
image of any
phenomena
reality,
subject, person by
transfers and
revealing its main
signs.
The purpose of the description is
for the reader to see
subject of description,
presented it in his
consciousness.
Scope of use
Examples
Description may
be used in
any style of speech, but in
scientific
characteristic
the subject must be
extremely complete, and in
artistic accent
done only on
the brightest details
1. Scientific description:
The apple tree is a purple frost-resistant variety. Fruit
round shape, diameter
2.5-3 cm. Fruit weight 17-23 g.
Average juiciness, s
characteristically sweet, slightly
astringent taste.
2. Artistic description:
Linden apples were
large. If you look
through the apple in the sun, then it
translucent like a glass
fresh linden honey.

Typical
composition of text descriptions includes:
Description 1) general
this is the world in
performance
peace
about the subject;
(one
2) individual signs
photo)
subject;
3) author's assessment,
conclusion, conclusion
Varieties
Descriptions:
1) description
subject,
person (his
characteristic)
What is he like?
2) description
Where is what? (Left,
places (interior, near, nearby, standing,
scenery)
located)
3) description
state
surrounding
environment
4) description
facial condition
(person)
What's it like here? (It's evening,
cold, silence, sky,
air, etc.)
How does he feel? What are his
feelings, sensations?
(Bad, happy, sad,
not feeling well, etc.)

Characteristic
type of speech
The reasoning establishes a causal relationship between events and phenomena.
Reasoning requires a logically coherent system of evidence, because its purpose is to convince the addressee of something. The sequence of arguments can be
expressed in words firstly, secondly, etc., can be indicated by paragraph
division.
After a thesis formulated by a narrative sentence, they can
there are questions: why? For what? what does it mean? , transition to part 2 can
start with the following sentences: And that’s why..., This means..., This is possible
prove (explain) this way...
References to authoritative people and quotes are used as arguments.
from their works, proverbs and sayings expressing folk wisdom,
facts, events, examples from personal life and the lives of others, etc.
When listing arguments, introductory words with different
meaning (of course, of course, perhaps most importantly, so, therefore,
summing up, etc.)
In the second part of the argument, complex sentences are used
with conjunctions because, since, for, therefore, due to the fact that, etc.

Typical composition
texts-reasonings
includes:
1) thesis (thought,
requiring proof
or refutation);
2) justification
(arguments, arguments,
evidence, examples);
3) conclusion
Varieties
reasoning:
1) reasoningproof
Why is this and not otherwise?
What follows from this?
2) reasoning explanation
What it is? (Interpretation
concepts, explanation of the essence
phenomena)
3) reasoning
What should I do? What to do?
(Thinking about various
life situations)

Determine the type of speech, justify your answer with examples from the text

Text No. 1
Along the walls, near the painting, a cobweb, saturated with
dust; mirrors, instead of reflecting objects, could serve
rather, tablets for writing on them, in the dust, some notes on
memory. The carpets were stained. There was a forgotten towel on the sofa; on the table
Rarely was there a morning where there was not a plate with a salt shaker and
gnawed bone.
If it weren’t for this plate, and the one just smoked leaning against the bed
pipe, or not the owner himself lying on it, then one might think that there
no one lives - everything was so dusty, faded and generally devoid of living things
traces of human presence.
(I. A. Goncharov)
Text No. 2
One day Zabavin needed to send a telegram to Arkhangelsk, and he
went to the weather station, which, he was told, had a walkie-talkie. he station
found without difficulty along a high radio mast, from which in all directions to the ground
the cables were taut.
Rising onto the porch, Zabavin knocked. Nobody answered him. Then he
opened the door and entered the house. In the room he entered there were three or more
four doors. One of them suddenly swung open and a boy radio operator looked out.
Seeing Zabavin, he made a suspicious face.

Practical task to determine the type of speech
Determine the type of speech, justify your answer with examples from
text
Text No. 3
Our contemporary pays little attention to his native language: it is like air,
like water, everywhere, always with us - and the illusion of its low value arises. For what
They don’t pay rubles, it seems cheap. They forget that the most important sign
communities of people are still a language.
Alas, we do not know our native language - we only use it. We talk like
the birds sing, naturally and freely, as necessary. Know the language, language
to own means to embrace with consciousness not only the usefulness of the words of grammar, but
to penetrate into the original essence, into the beauty and lofty truth of speech, to understand to
end, not only by sensation, but also by reason and will. Understand what exactly language is
the beginning of all beginnings, that, starting the business and completing the business and summing up, we
we comprehend all this, in words passing on what we have discovered for ourselves to others.
(V. Kolesov)

Practical task to determine the type of speech
Determine the type of speech, justify your answer with examples
from the text
Text No. 4
One day I somehow hesitated in the field. There was a fair amount of game, and the day
he came out so good for hunting - from the very morning he was quiet, gray, as if all
imbued with
In the evening. I wandered far, and it was already completely dark, but the moon had risen, and the night,
as they say, I had been in heaven for a long time when I reached a familiar estate.
I crossed the familiar road, made my way through the dusty nettles and
leaned against the front garden.
A small garden lay motionless in front of me, all illuminated and as if
calmed by the silvery rays of the moon, all fragrant and moist;
laid out in the old-fashioned way, it consisted of one oblong clearing. Direct
the paths converged in the very middle into a round flowerbed, densely overgrown
asters, tall linden trees surrounded it with an even border.
(I. S. Turgenev)

Check yourself!

How many functional styles do you know?
List them.
What styles do you most often encounter and
Which ones do you use in your speech?

What is style?

Style - this is the choice of linguistic means associated with a certain sphere of social activity, the purpose of verbal communication and the composition of its speakers.

SPEECH STYLES

BOOK

COLLOQUIAL

SCIENTIFIC

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PUBLICIST

ART

Formal business style

• The sphere of communication is communication between citizens and institutions.
• Used in documents, reports, statements, powers of attorney, business letters, orders and laws.
• Speech situation – 1/many.
• Serves to transmit information in the field of management.

The official business style is characterized by:

• definition;
• unemotional presentation;
• standardized phrases;
• words-terms;
• stylistically neutral vocabulary;
• vocabulary reflecting official business relations: plenum, session, decision;
• clericalism: listen to the report, read the decision, incoming number;

Scientific style

• The sphere of communication is scientific activity (writing special textbooks, scientific articles, notes, term papers).
• Speech situation 1/many.
• The purpose is to provide an accurate and clear understanding of scientific concepts.

The scientific style is characterized by:

• clarity and consistency of presentation;
• evidence;
• lack of expression of emotions;
• terminological vocabulary:

Technical terms: centrifuge;

Medical terms: X-ray;

- linguistic terms: suffix;

- economic terms: barter;

• The main form of speech is written.

Journalistic style

• The sphere of communication is mass propaganda activities, information or analytical programs on television and radio, speeches at meetings, articles in newspapers.
• Speech situation – 1/many.
• It is used to influence the thoughts or feelings of people in a certain way, in order to interest them or convince them of something.

The journalistic style is characterized by:

• information content;
• evidence;
• book vocabulary: position, essence, phenomenon;
• evaluative vocabulary;
• abstract words with socio-political meaning: humanity, progress, nationality, openness, peace-loving;
• expressiveness and emotionality;
• emotional-expressive assessment;
• The main form of speech is written and oral.

Art style

• The sphere of communication is works of art: novel, short story, poem, short story, poem, story, essay, ballad.
• Speech situation 1/many.
• The main function is aesthetic.

The artistic style is characterized by:

• imagery;
• book vocabulary: lofty words that give speech solemnity;
• evaluative vocabulary;
• emotional-expressive assessment: beauty, quixoticism– positive assessment;

pedantic, mannerism, disguise, corrupt– negative assessment;

• author's individuality;
• The main form of speech is written.

Conversational style

• The sphere of communication is communication between people in everyday life, conversations in the family, clarification of relationships, discussion of plans, friendly communication.
• Speech situation 1/1.
• It is used in informal, everyday, everyday communication between people in oral speech that has not been prepared in advance.

The conversational style is characterized by:

• lack of expression and emotionality;
• colloquial words and forms: brother, sister, waved, jumped;
• evaluative vocabulary;
• clearly expressed stylistic coloring: daughter, excellent, wonderful, wonderful, excellent, nasty, nasty, impudent;
• reduced words that are outside the literary vocabulary;
• The main form of speech is oral.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

Slide description:

Speech styles Performed by: Eremeeva I.A., teacher of Russian language and literature, Municipal Educational Institution “Secondary School No. 5 UIM”

2 slide

Slide description:

The word style comes from Lat. stylus - pointed stick. In ancient times, it meant a stick, a rod, pointed at one end and rounded at the other, made of wood, metal, bone. They wrote with the sharp end, and with the other - in the form of a spatula - they erased what they had written unsuccessfully in order to write again. The word style has come to mean the quality of what is written. This is the essence of stylistics - the ability to express one’s thoughts in different ways, using different linguistic means, which distinguishes one style from another.

3 slide

Slide description:

Speech styles colloquial book scientific journalistic official business fiction

4 slide

Slide description:

Conversational style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres linguistic means stylistic features direct everyday communication relaxed, informal setting; friendly conversation, private letters; colloquial vocabulary, simple sentences; emotionality, imagery, concreteness, simplicity

5 slide

Slide description:

Determine the style of the text. Justify your answer Is it possible for me, comrade military commissar, to retire to the circus instead of the theater? And he narrowed his eye and asked: To the circus? Why is this? Yes, - I say, - it’s painfully interesting... They will bring out a learned elephant, and again redheads, French wrestling... He waved his finger: “I’ll show you,” he says, “the elephant!” Ignorant element! Redheads! You yourself are a red-haired hillbilly! Elephants are scientists, but you, my grief, are unscientists! What is the use of the circus? A? Well, in a word, I don’t have time to talk to you for a long time... M.A. Bulgakov. "Week of Enlightenment"

6 slide

Slide description:

Scientific style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres linguistic means stylistic features communication of scientific information; formal setting; scientific article, educational literature; terms, complex sentences, introductory words; logic, objectivity, accuracy, abstraction, generality

7 slide

Slide description:

Determine the style of the text. Justify your answer Lyrical digressions are a compositional and stylistic device in prose and, mainly, in poetry, which consists in the fact that the author deviates from the direct plot narrative, interrupting it with lyrical insertions on topics that have little or no connection with the main theme. Compositionally, lyrical digressions have a double meaning: on the one hand, they play the role of inhibiting the fable development of a novel or poem, and on the other, they allow the writer to openly express personal opinions on issues that are directly or indirectly related to the central theme. Kvyatkovsky A.P. School poetry dictionary.

8 slide

Slide description:

Official business style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres linguistic means stylistic features message, information official environment (legislation, business proceedings, administration) laws, orders, protocols, certificates, statements; standardized figures of speech, official business vocabulary; precision not subject to other interpretation

Slide 9

Slide description:

Determine the style of the text. Justify your answer Chapter 1. Fundamentals of the constitutional system Article 1. Russian Federation - Russia is a democratic Federative legal state with a republican form of government. 2. The names “Russian Federation” and “Russia” are equivalent. Article 2. Man, his rights and freedoms are the highest value in the Russian Federation. Recognition, observance and protection of the inalienable rights and freedoms of a citizen is the responsibility of the state. From the Constitution of the Russian Federation

10 slide

Slide description:

Journalistic style purpose of use sphere of use speech genres linguistic means stylistic features influence through mass media; official setting: speeches in the media, at rallies and meetings; article, essay, report, oratory; socio-political vocabulary; exclamation sentences, rhetorical questions; logic, emotionality, imagery, evaluativeness, appeal

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Slide captions:

The presentation was made by a teacher-speech therapist (GBOU Kazan boarding school No. 7) Usmanova F.A.

SPEECH STYLES

Style is a choice of linguistic means associated with a certain sphere of social activity, the purpose of verbal communication and the composition of its speakers. What is style?

SPEECH STYLES BOOK SPOKEN SCIENTIFIC OFFICIAL BUSINESS PUBLICIST FICTION

Official business style The sphere of communication is communication between citizens and institutions. Used in documents, reports, statements, powers of attorney, business letters, orders and laws. Speech situation – 1/many. Serves to transmit information in the field of management.

The official business style is characterized by: clarity; unemotional presentation; standardized phrases; words-terms; stylistically neutral vocabulary; vocabulary reflecting official business relations: plenum, session, decision; clerical work: listen to the report, read out the decision, incoming number; The main form of speech is written.

Scientific style The sphere of communication is scientific activity (writing special textbooks, scientific articles, notes, term papers). Speech situation 1/many. The purpose is to provide an accurate and clear understanding of scientific concepts.

The scientific style is characterized by: clarity and consistency of presentation; evidence; lack of expression of emotions; terminological vocabulary: - technical terms: centrifuge; - medical terms: x-ray; - linguistic terms: suffix; - economic terms: barter; The main form of speech is written.

Journalistic style The sphere of communication is mass propaganda activities, information or analytical broadcasts on television and radio, speeches at meetings, articles in newspapers. Speech situation – 1/many. It is used to influence the thoughts or feelings of people in a certain way, in order to interest them or convince them of something.

The journalistic style is characterized by: information content; evidence; book vocabulary: position, essence, phenomenon; evaluative vocabulary; abstract words with socio-political meaning: humanity, progress, nationality, openness, peace-loving; expressiveness and emotionality; emotional-expressive assessment; The main form of speech is written and oral.

Artistic style Sphere of communication - works of art: novel, story, poem, short story, poem, story, essay, ballad. Speech situation 1/many. The main function is aesthetic.

The artistic style is characterized by: imagery; book vocabulary: lofty words that give speech solemnity; evaluative vocabulary; emotional-expressive assessment: great-heartedness, quixoticism – positive assessment; pedantic, mannerism, disguise, corrupt – negative assessment; author's individuality; The main form of speech is written.

Conversational style The sphere of communication is communication between people in everyday life, conversations in the family, clarification of relationships, discussion of plans, friendly communication. Speech situation 1/1. It is used in informal, everyday, everyday communication between people in oral speech that has not been prepared in advance.

The conversational style is characterized by: incomplete expression and emotionality; colloquial words and forms: brother, sister, waved, jumped; evaluative vocabulary; the stylistic coloring is clearly expressed: daughter, excellent, wonderful, wonderful, excellent, nasty, nasty, insolent; reduced words that are outside the literary vocabulary; The main form of speech is oral.

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“Features of the journalistic style of speech” - The main features of the style. Guilt complex. Chain of microtopics. Patriotism. National identity. Keywords. Journalistic style. Morality. Style features. Journalistic style of speech.

“Functional speech styles” - Professionalisms. System of speech means. Words-terms. Journalistic style. A means of artistic expression. Colloquial. Vernacular. Conversational style. Jargons. Scientific style. There are 5 functional styles. Varieties of language use. Territorial dialects. Use of spoken language. Type of speech. Dialectology. "General" spoken language. Business information. Official business style.

“Artistic style” - Non-Union. Using concepts, scientific thinking. I read Tolstoy. Using a word or expression in a meaning contrary to its literal meaning for the purpose of ridicule. Metonymy. Paths. The king of beasts is the lion. Can I again clothe the nakedness with the cover of a familiar life? Inversion. “It is very useful to sharpen and polish your mind on the minds of others.” Paraphrase. And you?.. Repetition of special words and phrases at the beginning of the passages that make up the statement.

“Official business style” - Name of the enterprise. Forms of control. Presentation of the essence of different points of view. Autobiography. A document called "Summary". Subject. Areas of use. Business letter. Formal - business style. Constructions for entering argumentation. Abstract. Statement. Learn to use official business language. Characteristics of primary sources. Concept of speech. Relevance of the topic. Expressing attitudes towards different points of view.

“Publicistic and artistic styles of speech” - The Russian language is rich. Paths. Gold rusts. Main problems. Journalistic and artistic styles of speech. List of books. Fiction style. Poetry. Talk about a poem. Word. Gogol. Extraordinary excitement. Amazing memory. Words can kill. Russian language. Unity of people. Epithet. Figures of speech.

“Scientific Speech” - Currently, more than 50 thousand scientific journals are published. Science does not recognize such language. Tolerance is tolerance for other people's opinions and beliefs. Immigration is the entry of foreigners into a country for permanent residence. What substyles do you know? Write down the types of substyles and main characteristics. The most important property of soil is...fertility. Popular science substyle. Interpretation of some terms.