What drugs for the prevention of influenza and SARS. Antiviral drugs of a chemical nature for the treatment of influenza

Consider the recipes and reviews of readers of the newspaper "Bulletin" ZOZH ".

Castor oil, fir oil are simple but effective folk remedies for the prevention of colds and flu.
In order not to catch colds, it is enough to lubricate the nasal passages every morning. castor oil. (HLS 2012, No. 2 p. 39).
For the same purpose, during epidemics, it is used fir oil, but they lubricate the nose not from the inside, but from the outside - before going outside, you need 1-2 drops fir oil apply on the wings of the nose. Repeat before bed.
The woman had a granddaughter, thanks to this method she did not miss a single day in the kindergarten in 5 years. (HLS 2012, No. 16 p. 31).

Lemon oil.
Pass 1 lemon with peel through a meat grinder, add 100 g of butter and 2 tbsp. l. honey, rub. Use lemon oil for prevention during epidemics of influenza and acute respiratory infections, using as regular oil spreading on bread. Keep refrigerated. (recipe from HLS 2012, No. 3 p. 33).

Garlic oil is a popular and effective folk remedy for preventing colds and flu in adults.
Crush 3 garlic cloves, mix with 1 tbsp. spoon butter. Spread this mass on bread, garnish with a parsley leaf. Eat this sandwich with a drink warm milk. If you do this once a week, no cold will be terrible (HLS 2000, No. 2 p. 12).

Preventive measures against colds and flu at home.
If you came home from a crowded place during an epidemic of influenza and acute respiratory infections, in order not to get sick, you must take the following measures:
1. Eat 2-3 cloves of garlic or a small onion.
2. Cut strips from the onion and insert them into the nostrils for 30-40 minutes.
3. Disinfect the air in the apartment using a home-made "aromatherapy device": on a damp cloth or paper napkin drip essential oil(lavender, fir, pine, eucalyptus), put these napkins on batteries in the apartment, at the workplace and at the head of the bed.
4. Place a bowl with grated garlic and finely chopped onion next to you, from time to time bring it to your nose and take 5-6 breaths over their surface (recipe from HLS 2007, No. 24, p. 19).

Horseradish with honey - a simple folk remedy for the prevention of colds in adults: 200 g table horseradish(sold in stores) mixed with 200 g of honey. Take 1 teaspoon at night. (HLS 2003, No. 21 p. 26).

Onion drink.
Grate 3 onions on a fine grater, pour the resulting slurry 300 g of warm boiled water. Let it brew for 7 hours in a tightly closed jar. Strain. Drink half a glass 3 times a day half an hour before meals. Honey can be added to the drink to taste - this will increase it. beneficial features and make it taste good. This autumn drink is the first remedy for the prevention of colds and flu. (HLS 2012, No. 21 p. 31).

Coniferous drink for the prevention of colds.
Fill a 5-liter enameled pan up to half with chopped pine, fir, and cedar needles. Fill the pot cold water, not reaching 3-4 cm to the edge. To withstand 12-24 hours at room temperature, then two hundred to a boil, boil over low heat for 5 minutes and insist again for 12-24 hours. Strain, pour into liter bottles or jars without adding about 100 ml. Add 1 lemon, scrolled in a meat grinder, to each container. Get 3-4 liters of drink. Keep refrigerated. Drink instead of tea at any time of the day in this way: pour half a mug of drink, top up hot water, drink with sugar or jam.
A man drinks such a drink in winter and has not been sick for 5 years, despite his age. (HLS 2010, No. 2 p. 8,).

Prevention of flu and colds with folk remedies - lemon with garlic and honey.

The woman was preparing such prophylactic: 5 lemons, twisted 1 head of garlic in a meat grinder, added 100 g of honey. I took 1 tsp. 3 times a day. This recipe saved her from colds and flu - she never sneezed during the winter. (HLS 2007, No. 2 p. 18,).

If it is unpleasant to chew lemons with garlic, the same components can be used in liquid form: scroll 1 lemon and 1 head of garlic in a meat grinder or grate, pour 0.5 liters of cold boiled water. Insist for a day in the room, then put in the refrigerator. Take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day 20-30 minutes before meals, 2 times a year, in winter and autumn. (HLS 2005, No. 7 p. 23).

Garlic for colds.
A woman under 50 was constantly ill with acute respiratory infections. This continued until she began to use garlic for prevention. And now for 20 years he has been living without colds. He simply cuts off a small clove of garlic and lays it between the gum and cheek, from time to time rolls his tongue to a new place so that it does not burn. Periodically change the garlic. (HLS 2009, No. 23 p. 30).

On the basis of garlic, you can prepare a composition that not only serves to prevent colds, but also cleans blood vessels from cholesterol, improves heart function and lowers blood pressure. Pass 1 kg of garlic, 1 kg of lemons with peel through a meat grinder, add 1 kg of honey, mix. Take 1 tbsp. l. on an empty stomach in the morning. (HLS 2008, No. 22 p. 30).
In fact, this recipe is more often used in other proportions - 10 lemons, 10 heads of garlic, 1 kg of honey.

Pendant from garlic.
Take a plastic egg from Kinder Surprise. Make holes in the upper part, put grated garlic in the lower part. Hang around your neck like a pendant. Garlic kills bacteria before they enter the nasopharynx. A woman wears such a pendant and has not been sick with any colds for 4 years. (HLS 2004, No. 24 p. 25).

Prevention of flu and colds with folk remedies - soap.

In order not to get sick with colds and flu during the epidemic, it is necessary to lubricate the sinuses laundry soap. This folk remedy will also help to quickly cure a runny nose. (HLS 2009, No. 24 p. 33).

Will help and baby soap. The woman had 15 years chronic runny nose. She read an article by academician N. F. Gamaleya, and began to treat her runny nose with soap. The disease was cured surprisingly simply. Toilet soap of the highest quality (the woman used baby soap) must be lathered and lathered with clean hands V nasal septum within a minute. Sneezing, blowing your nose, tears will begin, this is normal, it passes quickly, but breathing immediately returns. At first, do the procedure as the stuffing of the nose, then 2-3 times a day. And finally, as a prophylaxis in contact with patients with influenza and acute respiratory infections. (HLS 2004, No. 22 p. 24).

Grandmother washed her nose with soapy foam every day when washing her face, now she is 92 years old, she has not had any colds for the last 40 years. (HLS 2000, No. 13 p. 20).

The cold helped to get rid of chronic colds.
The man was sick frequent bronchitis, pneumonia, every autumn he was in the hospital, asthma appeared. They tried to treat with various folk remedies: herbs, massage, honey, lard, vitamins. Nothing helped. The man learned that some doctor in their city treats diseases with cold. He failed to get an appointment, but he saw how in the yard medical center lightly dressed, despite November, coughing children are engaged. Then the man decided to treat his chronic cold himself. Started practicing winter fishing- gone all weekend early morning to the reservoir, sometimes he went quite sick. His wife and son also came by bus to him for dinner, brought tea and sandwiches, spent the rest of the day outdoors. My son was 9 years old, and he also often suffered from colds. As a result of winter sorties, none of them got sick during the winter. And in the spring, the man abandoned his inhaler and completely forgot about the disease. (Healthy lifestyle recipe 2007, No. 24, p. 10).

Anti-cold formula.
In the 70s, research was carried out in the cities of Siberia in order to determine the formula for the common cold. This formula was found, for 3 years in the test group, not a single person fell ill with influenza and acute respiratory infections. What is it?
For two months during the off-season (October-November, February-March), the participants of the experiment, as a prevention of colds and flu, took 20 drops of Eleutherococcus extract and gypsum on the tip of a knife 2 times a day.
Eleutherococcus is a natural anthropogen that can increase the body's resistance. It also helps to lower the level of sugar and cholesterol in the blood, prevents oncology.
Gypsum (calcium sulphate) is found in many mineral waters. Calcium sulphate is especially necessary for the body in various disease states. In infectious diseases, the need for it is up to 10 mg per day, with oncology up to 35 mg, and healthy person 1 mg per day is enough.
In addition to these two remedies for the prevention of colds and flu, it is advisable to drink during the same two months green tea with leaves of currant, sea buckthorn or wild strawberry.
(HLS 2006, No. 21 p. 12).

Garlic caviar for the prevention of colds and flu in adults.
Grate 1 head of garlic on a fine grater, add 1 tsp each. ginger powder, allspice, cinnamon, nutmeg. Grind all this into a homogeneous mass. Every morning before breakfast, eat 1 tsp. of this mixture, you can spread it on bread.
The woman began to eat this mixture constantly and has not been sick with any colds for 4 years. (HLS 2004, No. 14 p. 9).

How to avoid colds and grow hair.
Woman against hair loss began to do pepper mask: I took 50 g of moonshine, added 1 pod of red pepper and insisted for a week. Once a week I made a hair mask from this tincture - I rubbed it into the scalp, put a plastic bag and a warm scarf on my head. I walked like this for about an hour, then I washed my hair. The hair stopped falling out, became thick, and the cold has not taken it for 5 years. (HLS 2004, No. 15 p. 27).

Antivirals for flu and colds are essential means in the fight against these diseases. Of course, if you are in an environment where there is already a person with symptoms of SARS or flu, you need to take preventive measures. During the period of activation of colds, one should work on strengthening the immune system and minimizing the possibility of infection. But most neglect prevention and worry about health when the disease has already begun to cause the first symptoms.

If the doctor determines that the disease has viral nature(flu, ARVI), then prescribes a certain antiviral drug for treatment of ARVI or influenza.

How does the body fight viruses?

In most cases, the body itself can overcome the virus without special effective drugs. To resist viruses, the immune system produces special substances - antibodies and interferons. After penetration of foreign organisms through the skin or mucous membranes, they encounter immune cells that send signals to the immune system. She, in turn, begins to produce antibodies that can bind to the virus protein. But to produce the required amount of antibodies, you need certain time. As a result of such activity of the immune system, it remembers which virus it fought, and when it appears again, ready-made antibodies will quickly be able to neutralize it. True, in this way the body can not protect itself from all viral diseases. Antibodies will be effective if you have already had rubella or chickenpox. In this case, the immune system will not allow a recurrence of the disease.

Influenza and SARS have the ability to change their structure and the emergence of new strains. Therefore, even if you have already had such diseases, the next time you can become infected with another type of SARS or flu, with which your body is still unfamiliar. In the fight against these viruses, the most effective proteins are interferons. They counteract at the intracellular level without electoral action, therefore, they actively fight with almost all varieties pathogenic microorganisms. When interferon enters the intercellular space, it begins to have an antiviral effect on all neighboring cells. As a result, they become resistant to the virus. Interferon also inhibits the development of viral proteins.

However, there are a number of microorganisms that inhibit the activity of interferon, then only antiviral drugs. But there is always a risk that the virus has already adapted to the action of a particular drug, in which case the use of these drugs will not bring results. If this happens, the doctor prescribes another antiviral drug.

The course of treatment of viral diseases such as influenza and SARS provides for the use of special antiviral agents. If you start taking them from the first hours of development pathological process, then the possibility of a virus getting into healthy cells will be reduced to a minimum, which means that intoxication of the body and possible exacerbations of chronic diseases can be avoided.

If you want your body to learn to quickly fight off the flu, take preventive measures in the form of vaccinations.

What viruses cause influenza and SARS

Consider the most common types of viruses that lead to influenza and SARS:

The most important task for the virus is to penetrate into the host organism in order to actively multiply in it. After the penetration of a foreign microorganism into a cell, it builds its proteins in it to implement replication. As soon as such viruses begin their activity in the cell body and feed on its contents, it quickly dies. So, step by step, aggressive viruses, invading new healthy cells, begin to destroy them.

What are the antiviral drugs for influenza and SARS

Antiviral drugs for ARVI and influenza, acting on viruses, tend to stop their reproduction and spread throughout the human body. There are drugs on a synthetic and natural basis. They are used both to combat the disease that has already begun, and to prevent it. For today modern medicine knows about 500 types of causative agents of colds. They are often treated with the three traditional types medicines:

• broad spectrum drugs;
• means for the treatment of herpes;
• drugs for cytomegalovirus.

When sick in mild form you can limit yourself to taking interferon analogues. Start taking antiviral drugs for influenza as soon as your doctor tells you to. Otherwise, the virus can multiply throughout the body to such an extent that the medicine will no longer be effective.

Taking antiviral drugs gives a number of advantages for the human body:

• reduces the risk of exacerbation chronic problems(asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis, etc.);
• relieves symptoms;
• reduces the recovery time;
• reduces the risk of severe complications.

Antiviral drugs for ARVI are also taken as preventive measures if one of the family members is already sick.

Antiviral drugs of a chemical nature for the treatment of influenza

This type of antiviral agent is the most effective. These drugs include the fairly popular Acyclovir, Remantadin, Arbidol, Ribavirin and Tamiflu. The safest among these drugs is Acyclovir, but it is more specialized in a small list of infections. The most popular of the above list is Remantadine, which is produced not only in tablet form, but also in the form of a syrup under the name Orvir. The significant disadvantages of this antiviral drug include its narrow range of application. It is active only against influenza viruses in the first days of infection. In relation to other pathogenic microorganisms, it will not be effective. But it’s quite problematic to accurately determine whether you have the flu or not. Therefore, in order not to be mistaken, it is prescribed during epidemics.

Ribavirin is active not only against influenza, but also in the fight against respiratory viruses, which sometimes cause pneumonia in children in the first year of life. In comparison with rimantadine, it is more effective, since it has an antiviral effect not only during the period of infection, but also in the initial stage of the disease.

Arbidol is sometimes erroneously called a drug a wide range actions, since the instructions for use indicate that it is effective in the fight against influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. In fact, he can only overcome influenza viruses in the initial stage of the disease.

The most effective drug among those presented is the new generation drug Tamiflu. It differs in that it can effectively counteract viruses throughout the entire duration of the disease. Tamiflu is able to halve the time feverish state and the risk of complications from influenza. But at the same time, it has a significant number side effects therefore, a child under the age of 12 cannot be treated with them. Under the action of this antiviral drug, microorganisms lose their ability to penetrate the cell membrane, and intoxication is gradually inhibited and disappears.

A group of Interferon preparations for ARVI and influenza

The most efficient yet safe group antiviral drugs for ARVI and influenza - interferons and their inhibitors. These drugs have been used for a long time, they have proven themselves in counteracting many viral diseases. As mentioned above, interferon actively fights all types of viruses, therefore it does not apply to narrowly targeted means. It is produced by the body itself, so the only side effect may be a sensitivity reaction to foreign protein cells.

The action of interferon is so effective that the symptoms of the disease go away on the second day from the start of taking the drug. It actively counteracts foreign microorganisms not only in the first days of a cold, but also during the acute phase of the disease. The complex of advantages of this medicine led to the fact that pharmaceutical companies began to produce it in a variety of forms. In the form of injections, Interferon, Cycloferon, etc. are commercially available. For the treatment of children, interferon analogues exist in this form:

• rectal suppositories Viferon;
• vaginal suppositories Kipferon;
• Nosal drops Derinat and Grippferon.

These drugs are prescribed for infants under one year old and older children in the treatment of SARS, influenza and other similar diseases in any period of illness. Basically, they are well tolerated, only Grippferon can cause a slight burning sensation in the nose. It should be taken into account that vasoconstrictor action he does not possess.

If we compare Kipferon and Viferon, then they are both good and quite effective, only the first one starts to act faster due to the fact that it contains specific antibodies. Viferon is a synthetic analogue of interferon, so the risk of adverse reactions when taking it is lower.

When using antiviral drugs such as Cycloferon and Interferon, it should be borne in mind that it will take some time for them to take full effect. But the flu needs to be cured quickly. Therefore, they can only be used as a preventive measure.

Derinat is an antiviral agent in the form of drops, which quickly has an immunostimulating effect. Basically, it is prescribed to children in the first or second year of life, it stimulates the production of interferons by the child's immunity. It can be given to children without any fear, as it is practically devoid of side effects. When Derinat is instilled into the nose, it begins its antiviral effect and at the same time stimulates the similar work of other antiviral drugs.

Antiviral and immunomodulating agents

Pharmaceutical companies have produced last years many drugs in this group. Therefore, we will focus on the most famous and effective medicines. They themselves do not have an antiviral effect, however, acting on the body, they provoke the formation of interferon, which will fight viruses.

Among the immunomodulating agents, there are drugs that are prescribed only by an immunologist after a thorough examination. But other drugs - immunomodulators can be freely prescribed by a therapist, these include:

All of them are used only as preventive treatment, since the first effect occurs only after two to three weeks of taking such a remedy.

Homeopathic antiviral remedies for SARS and influenza

IN Lately in the fight against influenza viruses and SARS, homeopathic antiviral medicines are gaining popularity. Oscillococcinum, Aflubin and Vibrukol are especially popular. The technology of action of these drugs has not yet been described, but it is believed that they activate protective system organism, which means that they have an immunostimulating effect.

In practice, such homeopathic remedies gave results only when they were taken during the period of SARS infection, and then far in each case. The effect of these drugs is purely individual.

Therefore, it is better not to waste time, but to start taking a more effective remedy in the fight against a cold. homeopathic medicines should be used only if you have had a positive experience of using it earlier for the treatment of colds of your body.

Treatment of SARS and influenza with antiviral drugs

The flu, if left untreated, can lead to serious consequences Therefore, it is necessary to approach its treatment promptly and responsibly. By its nature, influenza is a viral disease, so antiviral drugs are used against it. But there is no perfect cure for the flu.

The most common means used to counter the flu are:

• M2-channel blockers Amantadine and Remantadine;
• neuraminidase inhibitors - zanamivir and oseltamivir.

Amantadine effectively fights type A influenza. The daily dose of an adult is from one to two hundred milligrams of the drug. The duration of admission during treatment and prevention lasts 10 days.

Remantadine inhibits the reproduction of influenza viruses. The result from taking it will be only in the first days of influenza type A illness, but it also copes well with intoxication from influenza virus type B. This antiviral drug is sold in the form of tablets, adults take two tablets three times on the first day of illness, on the second day - twice, on the third day - once. Remantadine is also used as a prophylaxis for colds and viral diseases, in which case it should be taken one tablet once a day for 14 days. When taken, there is a risk of side effects such as sleep disturbances, attention disturbances and irritability.

The antiviral drug for influenza Zanamivir is prescribed for children over 5 years of age and adults in the form of inhalations, five milligrams per day. This remedy can not be combined with other inhaled drugs, otherwise exacerbations are possible chronic diseases lungs. In people without such problems, irritation of the nasopharynx may be observed against the background of an overdose.

Oseltamivir is an analogue of the well-known Tamiflu. For flu or colds, children over 11 years of age and adults are prescribed 75 mg twice a day, taken for five days. This drug is prescribed to children from the age of one.

Before taking any antiviral drug, be aware that the duration of treatment and the dose for each person may vary. It depends on many factors: age, health status, weight of the patient. In addition, the regimen and dose of a particular drug depends on the purpose of the intake: treatment of the disease or prevention.

Carefully read also the information about possible side effects and contraindications, it may not be possible to use it in your case.

The use of antiviral agents during pregnancy and lactation

Although not recommended during pregnancy medications not related to the condition of the woman, SARS and influenza are indications for starting treatment with antiviral drugs. If therapy is not started on time, there will be serious danger health and life of mother and fetus.

Antiviral drugs for influenza and SARS during pregnancy are prescribed as soon as the first symptoms appear. The most common remedy in this case is Tamiflu. And although it is better to start taking it from the first days of the disease, in severe cases it is taken much later.

If for some reason Tamiflu is not suitable or it is not possible to purchase it, pregnant women are prescribed Zanamivir. It is taken as an inhalation twice a day for five days.

Some features have the use of antiviral drugs for influenza during breastfeeding. During treatment, it is better to refuse breastfeeding baby or consult a doctor about the individual use of antiviral drugs.

These two drugs belong to the “C” group in terms of safety, which means that they have not undergone special clinical trials in the treatment of influenza in pregnant and lactating women. But their effectiveness exceeds the possibility of a threat to the health of the mother and fetus.

Features of the treatment of influenza and SARS in children

Under the age of 3

With the onset of autumn, the cold season begins for babies. The most common cause is the ARVI virus, which is easy to catch in a public place, transport or in kindergarten. Children have weaker immunity than adults, so it is much easier for them to get infected. If the child is ill, call the doctor at home. He will prescribe effective drugs exactly in your case. This way you will avoid possible risk complications and ineffective treatment. Do not trust the advice of friends, grandmothers or advertising on TV. Consider what remedies doctors recommend in such cases:

1. Ribarin is prescribed for babies up to a year with bronchitis and pneumonia. Only doctors can prescribe it, as it has many side effects.
2. Relenza counteracts different forms flu. It is recommended to take it no later than two days from the moment the first symptoms appear.
3. Vitaferon is a broad-spectrum agent that can be used to treat babies up to 3 years old. It contains substances that have a stimulating effect on the immune system. The only problem when taken, sleep disturbance may occur.
4. Groprinosin also activates the immune system and blocks the spread viral infections.

Over 3 years of age

Weakened children's immunity plays into the hands of influenza viruses. If a child gets sick more than five times a year, care should be taken to strengthen his immune system. Allergy, poor appetite, fungal and cold infections, fatigue - this whole complex of problems is a signal that immunity needs to be increased.

Of the four types antiviral drugs For the treatment of children over the age of 3 years, the following are used:

1. The most famous chemical drugs are Remantadin, Ribaverin and Arbidol.
2. Immunostimulants that have an effect after several weeks of use and are used only as a prophylaxis - Imudon, Immunal, Bronchomunal.
3. Interferons Derinat, Anaferon, Viferon have immunostimulatory activity. They increase the level of interferon in the child's body and stop the activity of the virus for early stages illness.
4. Homeopathic remedies Vibrukol and Aflubin are the safest and help the immune system in the fight against viruses, but their effect is manifested on each individual.

Not all antiviral drugs for influenza are suitable for children. There are a number of drugs that are used only for the treatment of adults, and they are contraindicated for children:

• medicines that help fight coughs such as Ambrohexale or Bromhexine;
• a drug with high toxicity - Amixin or Tilaxin;
• a number of antiviral agents, the safety and effectiveness of which have not been confirmed - Neovir, Timogen, Cycloferon and others.

If the child has mild symptoms of a cold, and there is no high fever of more than 38.5 ° C, it is better to give the body the opportunity to overcome foreign microorganisms on its own. Try to cure SARS with plenty of drinking, rosehip or honeysuckle tea, chamomile decoction, honey, and other well-known home remedies. If the condition does not improve within 1-2 days, you should seek help from a doctor.

Treatment of herpes with antiviral drugs

Separately, it is worth mentioning the treatment of herpes, which also has a viral nature. This disease does not carry as much danger as the flu, but is accompanied by an unpleasant symptom - a rash on the lips. Herpes is fought with two groups of drugs: general action and local. The former include immunomodulators and interferons. To the second - funds that are applied to rashes that contain active elements against the herpes virus. To such ointments local action include Zovirax, Acyclovir, Acyclostad and others. In fact, this is one drug that is produced different manufacturers under their own names. These medicines are effective and reliable means in the fight against herpes, they have been used for many years and have not lost their medicinal qualities over time.

Medical prevention of influenza is carried out:

• Chemotherapy - many of the drugs that are used to treat the flu can also be used to prevent it.
• Vaccination - Vaccination According to Experts World Organization health care, the most efficient and reliable method protection.

Antiviral drugs in the prevention of influenza

• amantadine, rimantadine
• zanamivir, oseltamivir
• interferon and interferon inducers

Amantadine, rimantadine. In the prevention of influenza caused by virus A, the effectiveness is 70-90%. Antiviral drugs may also be given to immunized individuals, especially if there are risk factors for complications. When vaccinated in adults, immunity develops after approximately 2 weeks, so amantadine and rimantadine are recommended during this period. In addition, prophylactic administration of these drugs may be recommended for those individuals who are contraindicated in vaccination.

Prevention of influenza outbreaks in medical institutions(for example, in hospitals or departments nursing care) should begin as soon as the first cases of influenza-like illness occur. Medications should be taken by both patients and staff to prevent transmission of the viral infection to individuals at high risk of developing complications.

Scientific studies on the efficacy and safety of amantadine and rimantadine for the prevention and treatment of influenza A in adults have shown that amantadine and rimantadine are equally effective in the prevention and treatment of influenza A in healthy adults, but rimantadine is safer and is associated with a lower risk of side effects.

The problem of resistance significantly limits the use of amantadine and rimantadine.

Rimantadine ( tradename Remantadin, Algirem). It is used for the prevention of influenza caused by virus A, inside, after eating, drinking water. Adults: 50 mg 1 time per day, course duration - 30 days. Children aged 7 to 10 years - 50 mg 2 times a day, course - 5 days. The maximum daily dose for children should not exceed 150 mg.

Algirem(rimantadine for children older than 1 year). Dosage form- syrup. Preventive scheme:

• children from 1 to 3 years old - 10 ml (2 teaspoons) of syrup (20 mg) 1 time per day,
• children from 3 to 7 years old - 15 ml (3 teaspoons) of syrup (30 mg) 1 time per day for 10-15 days, depending on the source of infection.

Attention! The daily dose of rimantadine should not exceed 5 mg per kg of body weight.

Adapromin. It has antiviral activity against influenza A and B viruses. It is close to rimantadine in antiviral activity. It is used to prevent influenza. Available in tablets of 50 mg.

Method of administration and doses for prevention: inside, after meals, 100 mg 1 time per day, daily for 5-10 days.

Arbidol. Domestic antiviral chemotherapy drug. It is produced in tablets of 0.1 g and in capsules of 0.05 g and 0.1 g. It is used to prevent influenza caused by viruses A and B. It is taken orally before meals. Treatment regimen:

• Adults and children over 12 years old: 0.2 g per day for 10-14 days; and during the period of the influenza epidemic and the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections, 0.1 g 1 time per day every 3-4 days for 3 weeks.
• Children 2-12 years: for prevention - 0.05 g for 10 days

• Influenza Prevention Tool

Zanamivir and oseltamivir. This is a new class of specific anti-influenza drugs. Studies have shown that these drugs are as effective as the vaccine in preventing influenza. They were approved in 1999 for the prevention of influenza A and B by the FDA and food products— FDA (USA).

National Institute of Health and Quality medical care UK (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence - NICE) recommends influenza prophylaxis with zanamivir and oseltamivir.

According to the guide oseltamivir and zanamivir recommended to prevent influenza in the following situations:

• the presence of an influenza virus in the environment in sufficient quantities to cause anyone to develop an influenza-like illness that is likely to be caused by an influenza virus;
• the patient is at risk;
• contact with a person with an influenza-like illness - if possible, start taking the drug within the next 36 hours (zanamivir) or 48 hours (oseltamivir);
• the patient is not effectively protected by vaccination.

Zanamivir (trade name Zanamivir, Relenza). 15 European countries have approved the use of Relenza for the prevention of influenza types A and B. It is available as a metered powder for inhalation in rotadisks. Treatment should begin no later than 36 hours after the onset of the first symptoms. It is inhaled with a diskhaler. Treatment: adults and children over 7 years old - 2 inhalations 2 times a day for 5 days. The total daily dose is 20 mg.

Oseltamivir (trade name Tamiflu). Available in capsules of 75 mg. It is taken orally, regardless of food intake, for the prevention of type A and B influenza. Its preventive effectiveness reaches 82%. After contact with an infected person, the drug should be taken for at least 7 days, and during a seasonal flu outbreak - up to 6 weeks. For adults and adolescents over 12 years of age, Tamiflu is administered orally at 75 mg 1-2 times a day for 6 weeks during an influenza epidemic, as well as for persons in groups increased risk virus infection (in military units, large production teams, in debilitated patients). Maximum dose adults 150 mg per day. Preventive action the drug lasts as long as the drug is taken.

Interferons. Interferons are used to treat and prevent various viral infections, including influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. The main effect of interferons is due to the fact that they activate substances that inhibit the reproduction of viruses. Since the mechanism of their action is universal, they are effective for any viral infections. Used in the treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections the following drugs interferon:

native leukocyte interferon 1000 units / ml in the form of nasal drops, 5 drops in the nasal passages 4-6 times a day.

Recombinant interferon alpha 2b (trade name Viferon). Contains no components human blood obtained by genetic engineering.

• Viferon ointment. In order to prevent in the foci of infection, the ointment is applied thin layer on the mucous membrane of the nasal passages 2 times a day in the morning and evening for 2 weeks, then 2-3 times a week for 1 month.

Recombinant interferon alpha 2 (trade name Grippferon). Mechanism of action Grippferon is based on preventing the multiplication of any viruses that enter the body through the respiratory tract. Grippferon is useful for the prevention of influenza and SARS, because:

• Highly effective as a drug emergency prevention influenza and other SARS.
• There is no effect of addiction to the action of the drug.
• Approved for use in children under one year old, including newborns.
• Approved for use in pregnant women.
• Can be used in conjunction with vaccination.
• It has a pronounced anti-epidemic effect.

Assign locally in the nose. In order to prevent influenza and SARS: upon contact with the patient and / or when hypothermia, the drug is instilled into age dosage 2 times a day for 5-7 days. If necessary, preventive courses are repeated; with a seasonal increase in the incidence, the drug is instilled in the age dosage in the morning after 1-2 days:

• children under 1 year old- 1 drop in each nasal passage 5 times a day ( single dose 1,000 IU, daily dose 5,000 IU);
• children from 1 to 3 years old- 2 drops in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day (single dose 2000 IU, daily - 6000 - 8000 IU);
• children from 3 to 14 years old- 2 drops in each nasal passage 4-5 times a day (single dose 2000 ME, daily dose 8000-10000 ME);
• adults- 3 drops in each nasal passage 5-6 times a day (single dose 3,000 IU, daily dose 15,000 - 18,000 IU).

Recombinant interferon-gamma (trade name Ingaron). Does not contain components of human blood, obtained by genetic engineering. It has a pronounced antiviral, immunostimulating and immunomodulatory effect. For the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza upon contact with the patient and / or when hypothermia 2-3 drops of Ingaron in each nasal passage every other day 30 minutes before breakfast for 10 days. If necessary, preventive courses are repeated. With a single contact, one instillation is enough Ingaron.

Antiviral drugs for colds are the main tool aimed at combating this disease.

There are many drugs in the list, which will be given below, but which is the most effective, let's try to find out.

Cold remedies

Antiviral drugs for colds are aimed at treating influenza and SARS. Such drugs act on the virus, preventing it from multiplying. You can use antiviral agents during pregnancy as a treatment and prevention.

At various stages of a cold, you can use various drugs, which are listed below. In fact, cold medicines cannot boast big list especially when it comes to children and pregnant women. Which means are better in this regard:

• broad-spectrum flu medicines;
• medicines for the treatment of herpes;
• drugs for the treatment of cytomegalovirus.

In a severe form of the disease, anti-inflammatory antiviral agents are recommended, a list of which will be given below. Treatment should be started a day or two after the first signs of illness. If the treatment is carried out late, then the drugs will not be able to have an effect.

The action of drugs

Anti-inflammatory best effective drugs for viruses can eliminate the causes of diseases. An antiviral drug allows you to take action:

• decrease in the likelihood of chronic diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis);
• reduction in the duration of the course of illness by several days, relief of general symptoms;
• reducing the likelihood of severe complications in children and pregnant women.

Antiviral drugs for colds can be used to prevent illness when a member of the family is sick and the likelihood of infection should be reduced.

Tablets for colds

In the category where antiviral drugs are located synthetic drugs that can cope well with the influenza virus, there are two groups of effective agents. The principle of action of M-channel blockers is to block viruses so that they can no longer penetrate cells and multiply.

Antivirals for colds include medicines such as Rimantadine (Remantadine) and Amantadine (Midantan). Such medicines can be taken immediately after the first signs of the disease, to achieve a high result.

But there is a minus, not in all cases it is possible to understand the specific virus that a person has fallen ill with. And such medicines are shown to be taken only during epidemics of the influenza A virus. Sometimes swine and bird flu are resistant to them. Antiviral drugs should be taken not only by the patient, but by all family members for the purpose of prevention.

Effective drugs

Neuraminidase inhibitors can have a detrimental effect on influenza B and A viruses. The principle of their work is to suppress the enzymes responsible for the reproduction of viruses. Effective medications, which can be used for prevention: Zanamivir (Relenza) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu). Such inexpensive means can be taken no later than two days after the first symptoms.

The list of antiviral agents for children and pregnant women includes a number of agents. What are these cheap drugs for treatment and prevention:

• Relenza;
• Tamiflu;
• Anaferon;
• Grippferon;
• Kagocel;
• Amiksin;
• Viferon;
• Remantadine;
• Ribavirin;
• Arbidol;
• Cycloferon;
• Amizon.

Zanamivir for colds

When choosing which remedies to take for colds for pregnant women and for children over 5 years old, you can choose Zanamivir. Treatment involves inhalation for five days twice a day. The total dose per day should be 10 milligrams. The product cannot be combined with others inhalation drugs, the reason is possible exacerbation in patients suffering from bronchial asthma. In the absence of pulmonary pathology, signs of irritation of the nasopharynx may be observed, in rare cases bronchospasm can be seen.

Ribavirin for colds

Treatment with this drug acts on influenza viruses A and B, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza. Treatment with such a remedy is quite toxic, it is not recommended to take it during pregnancy and for children. Treatment with this drug is recommended for adults over 18 years of age, in the absence of pregnancy, hemolytic anemia And kidney failure. The remedy is recommended to take 4 doses per day during meals for 5-7 days.

Inosine pranobex for colds

What remedies are still effective against influenza and other viruses? these include the drug Inosine pranobex, it has anti-inflammatory effects, effectively copes with colds, it can be used to stimulate defensive forces organism. Can be used for children and during pregnancy, for prevention. It is recommended to take three to five times a day, two tablets for 5-7 days. For children, the daily dose is 50 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. A high-quality inexpensive drug that does not differ in special side effects.

Cycloferon for colds

Choosing which means to take from acute respiratory infections and influenza, you can pay attention to this drug. It is used for treatment in the form of injections at a dosage of 250 milligrams (12.5% ​​in 2 ml) for two consecutive days. In the future, injections are given every other day or taken in tablets of 0.15 g for 20 days every other day.

Kagocel for colds

When choosing which remedies are effective for colds, you can pay attention to such a drug, which is an interferon inducer with a direct immunomodulatory and antiviral effect. It can be used for prevention, during pregnancy and for children. Usually it is prescribed for the treatment of acute respiratory infections and influenza three times a day, two tablets, then three times a day, 1 tablet. A total of 4 days of treatment should take up to 18 tablets.

Amizon for colds

What other effective remedies can be taken for children and pregnant women? This drug Amizon is an inducer of endogenous interferon, it is distinguished by immunomodulatory, antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. Adults are recommended to take 2-5 times a day after meals for moderate influenza and acute respiratory infections, 0.25 grams, with serious condition- 5-8 days for 0.5 grams. The course dosage of treatment is 3–6.5 grams. For children aged 5-12 years, it is recommended to take 0.125 grams 2-4 times a day for 5-7 days.

Anaferon for colds

This drug, which can be used for prevention and during pregnancy, belongs to homeopathic remedies with immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. It can also be used to treat flu and colds. For adults, the method of application is as follows: take one tablet three to six times a day, depending on the degree of the disease.

Treatment should be started when the first symptoms of the disease appear. After improvement general condition it is necessary to switch to taking the drug once a day for 8-10 days. For children aged six months to three years, dissolve one tablet in 15 ml of water and give to drink. In order to prevent the drug is prescribed one tablet per day, for up to three months.

Antiviral herbal preparations

Some of medicinal herbs have an antiviral effect. Majority action herbal preparations directs against viruses belonging to the herpes family. A variety of colds are accompanied herpetic eruptions, while the flow cytomegalovirus infection can occur with the same symptoms as SARS.

Alpizarin can be attributed to this category of drugs used for prevention purposes. In it, extracts of such plants as mango leaves, yellowing kopeechnik, alpine kopeechnik act as an active substance. The antiviral agent Flavozid contains active substance obtained from Laval velvet and Amur velvet. For external use, ointments Khelepin, Megosin (cotton oil) and Gossypol (obtained as a result of processing cotton roots and cotton seeds) can be used.

Also, Altabor can be attributed to antiviral drugs used to treat colds. It is based on an extract of black alder and gray seed. Ground reed grass and Soddy pike are part of the Proteflazid preparation, it is also effective in the treatment of flu, colds and for prevention. Immunomodulatory and antiviral actions the German drug Imupret differs. It includes oak bark, leaves walnut and horsetail.

cheap cold medicine

Inexpensive drugs at the first sign of colds that doctors prescribe are Anaferon, Amiksin and Amizon. Such cheap drugs have a very high degree of effectiveness, but even choosing such drugs, it is recommended that you consult a doctor before starting their consumption to make an accurate diagnosis.

Using antiviral drugs, it is possible to eliminate not the consequence, but the very cause of the appearance of all kinds of colds. This is precisely the main advantage of antiviral drugs aimed at eliminating the common cold, this can also explain their high efficiency. Using such drugs, you can reduce the duration of a cold by two to three days, and alleviate the general course of the disease. As a result of taking antiviral drugs during a cold, one can observe a decrease in the likelihood of exacerbation of chronic diseases (exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma and other diseases), and various complications will not appear, as happens with other drugs.

In addition, antiviral drugs during a cold can give an excellent result in the prevention of influenza, SARS, including among non-sick family members when there is a sick person at home.

With the onset of spring, an exacerbation of viral infections is observed. If you do not want to get sick, we recommend antiviral drugs that can provide preventive and therapeutic effect. With them, you will be reliably protected from SARS and influenza. It is recommended that you consult with your doctor before starting medication.

Every person periodically suffers from infectious diseases that affect everyone, regardless of age or gender - influenza and acute respiratory infections. The patient is in a helpless state for several weeks, feels weak, suffers from fever, headache and intoxication. The death rate of a viral disease is relatively high: 1 death is recorded per 2000 people. Influenza prevention, according to doctors, serves effective way avoid infection, because the disease is easier to prevent than to cure.

Prevention of influenza folk remedies for colds

Most people believe that protection from infection is possible with just a gauze mask. However non-specific prophylaxis disease, primarily based on increased immunity. Folk remedies help to increase the overall resistance of the body to various pathogens. Similarly, homeopathy does not stimulate the production specific immunity in a person. It is subject exclusively to the vaccine.

Treatment of influenza with folk remedies, although it gives an effect, is very low. To achieve a significant result, it is necessary to systematically carry out the prevention of the disease. If use folk recipes, preventive measures should be carried out constantly (as a way of life). A useful shot of the vaccine is given once a year. The advantages of folk remedies as the prevention of viruses are:

• their sparing action for the body;
• minimal amount side effects;
• no contraindications (allowed during pregnancy, allowed for preschool children, nursing mothers);
• universal action(warn not only the flu, but also other diseases);
• they are inexpensive compared to pharmacy drugs.

Garlic

Garlic is a proven method of flu prevention. To avoid infection with seasonal viruses and survive the epidemic, adults and children are advised to eat a couple of garlic cloves daily. If the child does not want to eat spicy product, it is worth trying another method of prevention - inhalation. To do this, pass through a press or grate 2-3 cloves of garlic and a clove of onion. While the gruel is fresh, the baby should breathe in pairs, alternating breaths through the nose and mouth. Since the virus is concentrated in respiratory tract, such prevention is very effective.

vitamins

Mitigation of flu symptoms is considered the right way therapy. According to naturopaths, it is not advisable to take antibiotics in this case, since they do not have an effect on the virus. The ideal solution would be ethnoscience. To saturate the body with vitamins that play the role of immunomodulators, they eat honey, drink fruit drinks, compotes from berries (cranberries, raspberries, lingonberries), herbal decoctions with lemon. For the prevention of viral diseases, it is necessary to consume about 500 mg of ascorbic acid per day.

Inhalations

A quick way to beat a runny nose is inhalation. To prevent influenza, 500 ml of water is collected in a small saucepan, brought to a boil, then removed from heat and eucalyptus or mint essential oil (5-7 drops) is added to the liquid. Often inhalations are carried out using decoctions of herbs. Sage, oregano, lavender are brewed in boiling water for 10 minutes. After that, you should breathe steam over the pan for 10-15 minutes, covering your head with a towel. For the prevention of viral diseases, the procedure is done 1 time per day.

Prevention of ARVI diseases with antiviral drugs

Means for the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections have a bacterial-stimulating and immunomodulatory effect. Medicines that provide protection against influenza often act on the central nervous system (central nervous system). It is worth studying in detail the instructions and contraindications before starting any drug, including homeopathic remedies. Panaceas for flu therapy modern pharmaceuticals does not, because the strains and forms of the virus are constantly changing.

flu pills

1. Amantadine, rimantadine. They are prescribed for patients with type A influenza (pandemic species, which includes bird, swine, etc.). Taking the pills within the first 2 days after infection may shorten the duration of the illness and dull the first flu symptoms. For group B virus, these drugs will be ineffective. For prevention, no more than 5 mg per 1 kg of adult body weight is prescribed. IN childhood(up to 7 years) taking these drugs is prohibited.
2. Arbidol. The drug suppresses influenza pathogens types A and B, increases the body's resistance to viruses. Even when in contact with an infectious person, the remedy protects against the development of influenza. For prevention, take 1 capsule per day for two weeks. Such antiviral drugs from the flu, as Arbidol is contraindicated in people with serious illness kidney, of cardio-vascular system and liver.
3. Amiksin. Used for the treatment and prevention of many viral diseases, including influenza, hepatitis, herpes and others. Pills inhibit the development of viruses, so they are often prescribed to adults who are already ill or to those who are at risk of becoming infected while working in in public places. Drink Amiksin should be 1 tablet once a week. Refrain from the prevention of acute respiratory infections and colds through this drug costs women during pregnancy or lactation, children under 7 years of age, with hypersensitivity to its components.
4. Aflubin. The syrup belongs to homeopathic medicines able to stimulate immune system and enhance the protective functions of the body. An infant up to a year old is prescribed 1 drop of the drug, mixed in a small amount of milk or water, three times a day. Children under 12 years of age should take 4-5 drops at least three times a day. Adults drink syrup 10 drops up to 8 times a day. The duration of influenza therapy is 5-10 days. For prevention, the drug is taken twice a day for 20 days.
5. Viferon. Candles are used starting from the first hours of illness. Viferon effectively destroys viruses and stimulates the immune system. Doctors prescribe a drug for the prevention or treatment of acute respiratory infections and influenza, even for small children and the elderly, due to the gentle effect of the drug on the body. Scheme of taking Viferon: 1 suppository per day for 5 days. Often, to consolidate the result, repeated course therapy.
6. Theraflu. Such powders and tablets, which contain paracetamol, are considered the most effective for the prevention of colds. Their disadvantage is a high degree of toxicity. Paracetamol-based products can cause stomach pain or colic, in addition, they have a harmful effect on the liver and kidneys. Doctors recommend not taking such drugs for the prevention of influenza, but using Theraflu, Coldrex and other drugs of this group only in severe cases of the disease with a persistently high temperature.

Nasal drops

1. Grippferon. Drops, in order to prevent acute respiratory infections and other viral diseases, are instilled into the nose twice a day. For the treatment of influenza, the agent is used 4-5 times a day. As a rule, Grippferon is not used during an epidemic, but only during contact with sick people. Doctors do not recommend using the remedy for longer than 5-7 days. Grippferon for prevention is prescribed for both adults and children from 1 year.
2. Ingaron. The drug differs from analogues in that its effectiveness is equally equal at all stages of influenza: from development to recovery. Studies have shown that viruses are not able to get used to the components of the drops. It is forbidden to use Ingaron for women during pregnancy and for children under 7 years of age. The drug is produced in the form of a powder, which should be diluted with water. Daily dosage for the prevention of viral infections is 500,000 IU.
3. Derinat. The only drug of the antiviral group that does not contain interferon. Thanks to special composition, drops are effective even against fungal infection or bacterial infection of the body. Derinat helps the regeneration of the nasal mucosa after the destructive action of viruses. For prevention, the drug is used 1 time per day. If the symptoms of SARS have already appeared, the nose is instilled twice a day with an interval of about 12 hours.

Ointment for the nose

1. Oksolin. Ointment in the nose is used to prevent acute viral infections 2-3 times a day, lubricating it internal cavity nostril. The course lasts 20-25 days during the dangerous period epidemics. For the treatment of the common cold, Oxolin is used for 3-5 days. Influenza prophylaxis in pregnant women is severely limited. As a result, cheap oxolinic ointment helps a lot. Along with taking vitamin products it is the main means of preventing influenza.
2. Fleming's ointment. homeopathic remedy used for the treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis. Ointment renders antibacterial action, activates blood microcirculation and increases the protective function of the immune system. For prevention, the drug is used as follows: the contents of the tube are squeezed out in a small amount onto cotton swab and applied to the mucous membrane of each nostril. The procedure is repeated in the morning and evening.

flu shot

The vaccine is considered the most reliable way to prevent the flu during an epidemic. It strengthens the immune system, which, after vaccination, is able to suppress any viruses of a cold nature. The main function of a healing injection is to prevent infection with the flu. Complications are considered especially dangerous after past illness for which the vaccine is main enemy. Signs of an exacerbation of health after the flu are malfunctions of the cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, respiratory organs.

The most common flu vaccines include: Begrivak, Grippol, Agrippal, Influvak, Fluarix. Each person has the right to independently choose a remedy, based on their state of health and financial capabilities. However, before you get vaccinated, you must definitely visit a doctor. It is allowed to vaccinate against influenza from the age of six months, but doctors strongly recommend that some categories of people get an injection. To the group high risk relate:

• sick diabetes;
• pregnant women;
• suffering from impaired metabolism;
• elderly people (from 50 years old);
• children from six months to adulthood;
• patients on inpatient treatment;
• people with diseases of the kidneys, lungs, heart or blood vessels;
• schoolchildren, preschoolers and students;
• people with immunodeficiency;
• infected with staphylococcal infection.

A common occurrence with influenza vaccination is an adverse reaction to the vaccine. To avoid negative effects vaccination, you need to warn the doctor about the existing diseases or those that you have suffered for last month. The practitioner must also be aware of allergic reactions for any drugs and products. Vaccinated people note the manifestation of flu-like symptoms in the first days after the injection. This:

• headache;
• slight increase temperature;
• redness of the vaccination site;
• slight weakness.

The SARS vaccine is allowed to be administered even to nursing mothers. Breastfeeding does not interfere with the immune response in any way and is not considered a contraindication to the flu shot. In addition, antibodies produced by the mother's body, penetrating through breast milk, serve as additional protection of the child from viruses. It is forbidden to give an injection to nursing with a runny nose or other symptoms of a cold.

The flu is very easily transmitted. The most common methods of infection are airborne and household. When talking, sneezing, coughing, sputum is released from the nasopharynx of the infected, containing pathogenic substances that can spread 2-3 meters around the patient. As a rule, the flu manifests itself immediately in acute form. Incubation period the disease lasts from 2 to 5 days, after the symptoms of the virus are diagnosed. To avoid inpatient treatment in the clinic, it is important to carry out seasonal prophylaxis diseases.

Antiviral drugs for children

Colds in children are common. It indicates a low protective function immunity, susceptibility of the baby's body to cold, viruses, infections. The main difficulty in treating babies is the inability to use effective means. They are contraindicated in small children in mind complex composition. Children's antiviral agent should be free from side effects. After watching the video, you will learn about the TOP drugs for the prevention of viruses, including influenza, in babies.

What is the difference between ARVI and ARI

Colds children are more often affected than adults. With the onset of cold weather, parents are faced with feeling unwell a child who has a fever, cough, runny nose. The cause of such symptoms can be SARS, acute respiratory infections or influenza. How are diseases different? Learn about this and disease prevention methods by watching the video.

Influenza vaccination

The first sign of an approaching epidemic is the mass flu vaccination. To prevent the spread of the virus, the state creates an action plan that is implemented in all institutions. These are memos about the disease, thematic health bulletins, posters. Their main topic is flu vaccination. After watching the video, you will find out whether it is worth getting vaccinated to prevent infection with the virus.