Potassium iodide glycerol iodide trade name analogues. Modern pharmaceuticals in Russia

Glycerol is a medicine based on glycerin. Available in the form of a liquid solution for external or internal use, as well as in the form of rectal suppositories. The medicine softens the skin, has a laxative effect on intestinal motility, and lowers intracranial pressure. Sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.

Chemical formula and properties

Glycerol is a medicine for the treatment of constipation, which has dehydrating and dermatoprotective properties. Pharmacological group – dermatotropic, laxatives. The only active component of the drug is glycerin, which determines the chemical properties of the drug. Used for difficult bowel movements and dry skin. Depending on the form of release and indications, the medication is prescribed orally, externally or rectally.

The chemical name of the drug is 1,2,3-propanetriol. Glycerol is the simplest 3-hydroxy alcohol. Formula of the substance: HOCH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH. Racemic composition: C3H5(OH)3. Density – 1.261 g/cm3, molecular weight – 92.1 g/mol.

The substance is heavier than water. Boiling point – 290 °C. When heated, it evaporates quickly. Under normal conditions the substance is non-volatile. When strongly cooled, it crystallizes.

Glycerol is a viscous, transparent, non-toxic liquid, colorless and odorless. The taste is slightly sweet. The substance is hygroscopic and can absorb moisture from the air and retain it. Mixes well in any proportions with water and ethanol. Very bad - with hydrogen 4 chloride, carbon disulfide, benzene, chloroform and various oils.

Chemical properties are characteristic of a subgroup of polyhydric alcohols. When interacting with phosphorus halides and hydrogen halides, the compound forms di- and monohalohydrins. As a result of the esterification reaction with mineral or carboxylic acids, esters are formed. When reacted with sulfuric and nitric acid, nitroglycerin is formed, which is used to make gunpowder. During the dehydration reaction, a toxic compound is formed - acrolein.

Synthesis of Glycerol

This substance was discovered back in 1779 during the saponification of olive oil. The discovery was made by the Swedish pharmacist-chemist K. Scheele. He proved that this substance is part of all naturally occurring fats. Later, other scientists found that under the influence of water and catalysts (alkali or acid), the process of fat breakdown and the formation of glycerol and carboxylic acids occurs. The synthesis of this substance was first carried out in 1873 by the French scientist Friedel.

Pure glycerin is obtained by distillation due to its ability to dissolve mineral salts. A highly pure substance is obtained by alcoholysis of vegetable fats using vacuum rectification.

Before the advent of artificial synthesis methods, glycerin was obtained by alkaline saponification of fats and oils. With this method, a mixture is formed consisting of soap and an aqueous solution of glycerin. It is concentrated, crystallized with precipitated sodium chloride and an 80% fraction is obtained, which is distilled and purified with activated carbon.

The industrial production of synthetic glycerin is based on the use of propylene as a starting product. The gaseous substance is separated from other gases produced during oil refining or during the coking process of coal. Propylene is chlorinated to produce allyl chloride. Hypochlorous acid is added to the resulting substance. The resulting chlorohydrins are saponified with alkali, resulting in the appearance of glycerin.

Composition of the product

This is a liquid for external use, consisting mainly of glycerin. A small amount of purified water is added to the solution. There are other forms of medication, for example, rectal suppositories, which contain not only the active substance, but also additional components: stearic acid, sodium bicarbonate.

Pharmacies prepare Glycerol 10%, 30% or 50% for oral administration. In this case, glycerin is mixed in equal quantities with saline solution (sodium chloride).

Application area

Glycerol is used to treat constipation of various origins - psychogenic, functional, and age-related. In this case, the drug is used rectally (suppositories or enemas). The medication is used for caprostasis in older people. The drug is prescribed as therapy for patients with limited mobility, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

The medicine will come to the aid of patients who cannot strain during bowel movements, for example, those with thrombosed hemorrhoids. The medication for rectal administration is indicated for people who have suffered a myocardial infarction.

Another use of Glycerol is external. The liquid is used to soften the skin and treat the mucous membrane. This is a good moisturizing and exfoliating agent that accelerates regeneration processes.

Glycerol mixture (30%) is used orally in decongestant therapy. The medicine is used to treat intraocular and intracranial pressure. The drug begins to act 10 minutes after administration. Reaches maximum after 1 hour. Duration of action – 5 hours.

Ammonia + Glycerol + Ethanol

This is a 3-component preparation, an alcohol solution for external use. The medicine is used to eliminate dry skin on the hands. The medication has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. Thanks to the substances included in the composition, especially glycerin, the drug improves skin elasticity.

The medicine is only allowed for use by adults. It is contraindicated for children. The liquid is rubbed into the skin of the hands 2-3 times a day until dryness is eliminated. Some people may have an allergic reaction to the components of the substance. In this case, use of the medicine should be stopped.

The drug should not be used for ulcerative, traumatic, or pustular injuries of the hands. Sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. The cost is about 80 rubles.

Iodine + Potassium iodide + glycerol

This is a group of substances that form a medicine that has disinfectant and antiseptic properties. All these components are part of a drug known to everyone from childhood called Lugol. The medicine is used to lubricate or irrigate the mucous membrane of the throat during inflammatory processes caused by infection.

Lugol is prohibited for use in cases of kidney and liver pathologies, as well as allergies to the components of the drug. It is used with caution to treat children under 12 years of age. It is not recommended to use the medicine during pregnancy and lactation. The cost of the medicine is 105 rubles.

Release forms of Glycerol

Glycerol has the following release forms:

liquid glycerin solution - for application to the skin, for infusion into the intestinal lumen using an enema (diluted with water);
rectal suppositories - for insertion into the anus for constipation;
pharmaceutical mixture (glycerin solution with saline) - for the treatment of intracranial (intraocular) pressure.

Candles

Rectal suppositories - Glycerol Euro contain 1 or 2 g of glycerin, as well as excipients (gelatin, water). In its pure form, the active component has a strong irritant effect, which weakens if water, petroleum jelly, or lanolin are added to it.

When used in the form of suppositories, it promotes the passage of feces from the rectum. When introduced into the anus, suppositories have a mild irritating effect on the mucous membrane and stimulate the reflex process of defecation. The laxative effect develops after 15-30 minutes.

potion

Glycerol in the form of a pharmaceutical mixture is a mixture of glycerin and saline in equal proportions. The main indication is increased intracranial pressure in children and adults.

Salt and glycerin have the ability to bind water. They remove its excess, thereby reducing the volume of cerebrospinal fluid. The medicine normalizes intracranial pressure and improves cerebral circulation.

Instructions for use

Glycerol in the form of a solution is used externally to treat the epidermis. Apply 2-3 times a day. The liquid is rubbed into clean, non-moist skin that does not have wounds, ulcers, or ulcers. Treatment is carried out until the symptoms of dryness and flaking disappear.

Suppositories for constipation are administered rectally into the rectum once a day, 15-20 minutes after breakfast. Dose for adults and children over 6 years of age – 1 suppository of 2 g or 2 suppositories of 1 g once a day. Dosage for children from 2 to 6 years – 1 suppository per 1 g once a day. Duration of use – 7 days.

Pharmacy mixture (10, 30, 50%) for intracranial pressure is used orally. Infants and older children are given 1-2 teaspoons of liquid 3 times a day. Adults – 1 tablespoon three times a day. Duration of treatment is 1-2 months.

An aqueous solution of glycerin is used to improve peristalsis of the large intestine. Glycerol is diluted with warm water in a ratio of 1:2. The solution is administered rectally using an enema. For this purpose, use 2-5 ml of medicine and 4-10 ml of water.

Glycerol for children

In patients from infancy, rectal suppositories of 0.75 g are used to treat constipation. Suppositories are administered into the rectum once every 3 days. The trade name of the drug with glycerol is Glicelax.

While in the intestines, the medicine envelops and softens stool and stimulates its movement towards the anus. The drug helps eliminate the symptom, not the cause of constipation. It is used as an emergency remedy to relieve the baby's suffering.

Contraindications for use

Glycerol should not be used in the following situations:

Contraindications for decongestant therapy:

diabetes;
renal failure;
pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

Side effects

With prolonged use of rectal suppositories, mucosal erosion and an allergic reaction may occur. The patient may experience discomfort and irritation in the rectum. In rare cases, the drug leads to catarrhal proctitis.

Overdose can lead to headache, confusion, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. In rare cases, the patient may experience arrhythmia. Possible development of renal failure.

Regular use of Glycerol as a laxative is not recommended. When used systemically in dehydrated patients, as well as in diabetes mellitus, there is a possible risk of developing severe dehydration, which turns into hyperglycemia. When administered orally, non-ketone hyperglycemic coma may occur.

Price and terms of sale

Glycerol can be bought at any pharmacy kiosk in Russia. The cost of suppositories for adults Glycerol Euro is 150 rubles for 10 pieces. Glycelax children's suppositories cost 100 rubles for 10 pieces. Glycerol solution – price from 30 rubles.

Analogs

Many medications that contain glycerin have the same effect. Analog medications: Dexeril, Glycerin, Norgalax, Suppositories with glycerin, Glycerol Nosta, Laxolin, Glycelax.

INSTRUCTIONS for the use of the medicinal product for medical use

Registration number: LP – 001397

Tradename:

INN or group name: Iodine+[Potassium iodide+Glycerol]

Dosage form: Solution for topical use

Composition for 1g:

Active substance: iodine – 10 mg;

Excipients: potassium iodide – 20 mg; glycerol – 940 mg; purified water –30 mg.

Description: Transparent syrupy liquid of red-brown color with the odor of iodine. When released from the vial, the drug comes out as a stream of liquid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antiseptic.

ATX Code: R02AA20

Pharmacological properties: The main active ingredient is molecular iodine, which has an antiseptic and local irritant effect. It has a bactericidal effect against gram-negative and gram-positive flora, and also acts on pathogenic fungi (including yeast); Staphylococcus spp. more resistant to iodine, however, with long-term use of the drug, suppression of staphylococcal flora is observed in 80% of cases; Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to the drug. When applied to large surfaces of the skin and mucous membranes, iodine has a resorptive effect: it participates in the synthesis of T3 and T4, and has a proteolytic effect. Potassium iodide improves the dissolution of iodine in water. Glycerol has a softening effect. The drug is low toxic.

Pharmacokinetics: When the drug is used in recommended doses, iodine resorption through the skin and mucous membranes of the oral cavity is insignificant. Upon contact with mucous membranes, 30% is converted into iodides. If accidentally swallowed, iodine is rapidly absorbed. The absorbed part penetrates well into organs and tissues (including thyroid tissue). It is excreted mainly by the kidneys, to a lesser extent by the intestines and with sweat. Passes into breast milk.

Indications for use:

Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx in adults and children.

Contraindications: Decompensated liver and kidney diseases. Hypersensitivity to iodine and other components of the drug.

Carefully: Hyperthyroidism, dermatitis herpetiformis, children under 12 years of age.

Use during pregnancy and lactation: Use during pregnancy is contraindicated. Iodine passes into mother's milk and may potentially affect thyroid function in breastfed infants. Use during breastfeeding is possible if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the baby. You should consult your doctor.

Directions for use and dosage:

Locally. Apply 4-6 times a day to irrigate the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, pharynx, pharynx, applying the drug with one press of the spray head. The injection of the drug is targeted and the sprayer, depending on the disease, must be directed directly to the source of inflammation.

If you are using a new package of the medicinal product, remove the protective cap, put on the nebulizer head with tip and press the nebulizer head several times. After using the drug, it is not recommended to remove the spray head and tip.

Do not allow the drug to get into your eyes. If this occurs, the eyes should be rinsed with plenty of water or sodium thiosulfate solution.

If the symptoms of inflammation do not decrease or increase after 2-3 days of therapy, you should consult your doctor. Not recommended for long-term (more than 2 weeks) use.

Side effect: Allergic reactions. With prolonged use, the phenomenon of “iodism”, rhinitis, urticaria, angioedema, salivation, lacrimation, acne. If this or any other side effect occurs when using the drug, you should consult your doctor.

Overdose:

Symptoms: irritation of the upper respiratory tract (burn, laryngo-, bronchospasm); if ingested - irritation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, hemolysis, hemoglobinuria; lethal dose – about 3 g.

Treatment: gastric lavage with 0.5% sodium thiosulfate solution, sodium bicarbonate solutions, 30% sodium thiosulfate is injected intravenously - up to 300 ml.

Special instructions:

Regular use should be avoided in patients with hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis). For children under 12 years of age, use after consultation with a doctor. May affect laboratory results of thyroid hormone tests.

Sunlight and temperatures above 40°C accelerate the breakdown of active iodine.

Interaction with other drugs and other forms of interaction:

Iodine is inactivated by sodium thiosulfate.

Pharmaceutically incompatible with essential oils and ammonia solutions.

An alkaline or acidic reaction, the presence of fat, pus, and blood weakens the antiseptic activity.

If the drug is ingested, the effect of drugs that suppress thyroid function may be reduced, and thyroid function indicators may also change.

Iodine preparations can enhance the irritating effect of certain medications (including acetylsalicylic acid) on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.

Release form:

Solution for topical use 1%. 25 ml and 50 ml in orange glass bottles with a screw neck for medicines, sealed with a lid with a dispenser complete with a sprayer with a tip.

Each bottle, along with a sprayer with a tip and instructions for medical use, is placed in a pack of chrome-ersatz box-type cardboard.

Storage conditions:

Store in a place protected from light at a temperature of 2 °C to 25 °C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Best before date:

3 years. Do not use the drug after the expiration date indicated on the package.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies: over the counter.

LP-000119 dated December 28, 2010

Tradename:

Lugol

INN or Group name:

Iodine+[Potassium iodide+Glycerol]

Dosage form Lugol:

topical spray

Lugol composition:

Active substance

Iodine - 1 g,

Excipients:

Potassium iodide - 2 g,

Purified water - 3 g

Glycerol 85% - 94 g.

Description Lugol:

transparent viscous liquid of red-brown color with the odor of iodine.

Pharmacological group:

Antiseptic.

Code ATX

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics.

The main active ingredient is molecular iodine, which has an antiseptic and local irritant effect. It has a bactericidal effect against gram-negative and gram-positive flora, and also acts on pathogenic fungi (including yeast);Staphylococcus spp.more resistant to iodine, however, with long-term use of the drug, suppression of staphylococcal flora is observed in 80% of cases;Pseudomonas aeruginosaresistant to the drug. When applied to large surfaces of the skin and mucous membranes, iodine has a resorptive effect: it participates in the synthesis of T3 and T4. Potassium iodide, which is part of the composition, improves the dissolution of iodine in water, and glycerol has a softening effect.

Pharmacokinetics.

If accidentally swallowed, iodine is rapidly absorbed. The adsorbed part penetrates well into tissues and organs and accumulates in the tissues of the thyroid gland. It is excreted by the kidneys (mainly), to a lesser extent with feces and sweat. Penetrates into the milk of lactating women.

Indications for use Lugol

Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx in adults and children.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to iodine or other components of the drug.

Carefully

Use in patients with decompensated liver and kidney diseases, thyrotoxicosis, and dermatitis herpetiformis.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

The use of the drug during pregnancy is not recommended. Use during breastfeeding is possible if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the child. You should consult your doctor.

Directions for use and dosage Lugol spray

The drug is applied topically 4-6 times a day to irrigate the mucous membrane of the mouth, pharynx, pharynx, spraying the spray with one press of the spray head. It is recommended to hold your breath at the moment of injection.

Do not allow the drug to get into your eyes. If this occurs, the eyes should be rinsed with plenty of water or sodium thiosulfate solution.

Side effect

Allergic reactions. With long-term use - the phenomena of “iodism”: rhinitis, urticaria, angioedema, salivation, lacrimation, acne.

If this or any other side effect occurs when using the drug, you should consult your doctor.

Overdose

Symptoms: irritation of the upper respiratory tract (burn, laryngo-bronchospasm); if ingested - the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, the development of hemolysis, hemoglobinuria; lethal dose - about 3 g (about 300 ml of the drug).

Treatment: gastric lavage with 0.5% sodium thiosulfate solution, sodium bicarbonate solutions, 30% sodium thiosulfate is injected intravenously - up to 300 ml.

Interaction with other drugs

Iodine is inactivated by sodium thiosulfate. The iodine contained in the drug oxidizes metals, which can lead to damage to metal objects. Pharmaceutically incompatible with essential oils and ammonia solutions. An alkaline or acidic environment, the presence of fat, pus, and blood weaken the antiseptic activity.