Anal fissure home remedies. How is an anal fissure treated? Treatment of fissures in the anus in children and adults

Update: October 2018

Almost everyone who is interested in health problems has heard or read about hemorrhoids. But not everyone knows that itching, burning and even bleeding in the anal area can be caused not by venous disease, but by a rectal fissure.

More often it is acute illness, lasting up to 4 weeks, related to surgical pathologies or the section on diseases of the rectum. The fissure has a linear shape, can be located on the mucous membrane of the anal canal or on the skin of the anus and has different depths and length.

Much less common is a chronic crack with a protracted wave-like course with improvement and deterioration of the condition. The chronicity of the process is facilitated by prolonged exposure to factors leading to this problem.

Causes

Causes of cracks near the anus:

• Chronic constipation, forcing a person to strain excessively, increasing pressure in the rectum.
• Mechanical injuries hard feces, low-quality toilet paper, anal sex practices, instrumental research rectum.
• During childbirth during the period of pushing, a fissure in the anus or rectal mucosa is an unfavorable sign, as it can become a harbinger of a 4th degree perineal rupture.
• Insufficient hygiene, diaper rash can also lead to cracks.
• Inflammatory changes intestinal mucosa against the background of diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, helminthic infestation can also appear as cracks, which, in this case, will be only one of the manifestations of the underlying pathology.

Symptoms of a crack

• The deeper the crack, the more intense the pain. At first it appears only during defecation or mechanical irritation. Later, as inflammation progresses, painful sensations can take on a permanent nature and disturb a person without any irritation of the problem area. The nature of the pain can be pinching, burning, stabbing or pulling and pressing with significant swelling and chronic inflammation. In chronic cases, there is also spasm of the obturator rectum muscle, which increases pain during bowel movements.
• Itching and discomfort provoked by tight, uncomfortable or synthetic underwear, prolonged sitting, constipation or loose stools. The longer the crack, the wider the itchy area and the more pronounced the discomfort.
• Discharge of scarlet blood, not mixed with feces, during defecation or straining - the result of destruction of the walls of the capillaries in the anal area (see). If the damage is very deep, then the veins may also be injured, then a dark deoxygenated blood and the bleeding will be similar to hemorrhoidal (prolonged and voluminous, see).

The appearance of the listed symptoms - discomfort, pain, blood during bowel movements - can also occur with more serious diseases, such as hemorrhoids, inflammatory and oncological processes in the intestines, therefore, to establish a diagnosis, rectoscopy is required.

Treatment

The crack causes significant discomfort and in order not to aggravate the condition, factors that support its existence and provoke the formation of new damage should be eliminated:

• News active image life, avoiding prolonged sitting. Walk more, do physical therapy.
• Fight constipation (see), avoiding bowel movements for more than two days. Timely correct dysbacteriosis and treat intestinal infections with diarrhea.
• Use soft toilet paper and wash with cool water after bowel movements.
• Do not get involved in unconventional sex or use high-quality lubes.

Diet for cracks

Dietary measures come down to selecting a table that normalizes bowel regularity. It is also important to exclude fried foods, spices and alcohol (see).

For constipation, a contrast breakfast (a glass of cool juice, after 20 minutes - hot oatmeal), taking a dessert spoon of sunflower or olive oil, beets in all types, bran bread, cereals, apples, drinking plenty of fluids (at least 3 liters per day) and soups at lunch.

Diarrhea requires limiting cabbage, legumes, fresh vegetables and fruits (fiber), yeast baked goods, and whole milk.

What medications treat rectal fissures?

Acute cracks are usually healed with different forms medications, that is, treat them conservatively. Today, a proctologist has ointments, creams, gels and suppositories in his arsenal. They also sometimes resort to tablet medications.

Baths

Before local treatment of anal fissures, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. sitz baths. They need to be done after defecation. The temperature of the solution is 30 degrees Celsius, duration is 10-15 minutes.

• As medicinal solution and oak bark is also used (separately or in a ratio of 2 to 1). Chamomile suppresses inflammation in tissues, facilitating healing. Oak bark has an astringent effect, drying out the crack. You can also use decoctions of calendula or yarrow.
• Used less often weak solution potassium permanganate ( pale pink), as an antiseptic.

Ointments, creams

An ointment for cracks should contain a fatty base, not cause irritation to the skin and mucous membranes and, ideally, combine anti-inflammatory and tissue healing properties. It is administered 1-2 times a day after bowel movements and a ten-minute bath in the amount of one centimeter. Average duration course treatment ointments for acute cracks is 7-10 days. Most drugs for cracks are also used to treat hemorrhoids (see).

• Ultraproct 420-500 rubles – a combination of the glucocorticoid fluocortolone and local anesthetic cinchocaine. It has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and analgesic effects.
• Aurobin 190-230 rubles – combination of prednisolone (anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect) with lidocaine hydrochloride ( local anesthesia) and dexpanthenol (acceleration of healing and restoration of the skin and mucous membranes). The drug is contraindicated in pregnant, lactating, persons with bacterial or viral inflammations or intolerance components ointments.
• Dexpanthenol, Bepanten, Pantesol 70-120 rubles – ointments and creams based on pantothenic acid, affecting protein and fat metabolism and accelerating healing.
• Solcoseryl 160-180 rub. in the form of an ointment or gel, it accelerates the absorption of glucose by tissues, thereby improving tissue nutrition.
• 100-120-180 rub. improves cellular respiration and glucose utilization, promoting tissue repair.
• Methyluracil 60-80 rubles – a medicine that combines the properties of an anabolic and an anti-inflammatory agent, an immunomodulator.
• Proctosan 230-270 rub. contains bismuth subgallate, titanium dioxide, lidocaine and befexamac. Dries and heals the crack.
• Emla 1400-1600 rubles – local anesthetic based on lidocaine and prilocaine. The drug is indicated for spasm of the anal sphincter against the background of a chronic fissure. May cause decreased heart rate and allergies.
• Katedzhel 120-140 rub. combines lidocaine and the antiseptic chlorhexidine. Indications are similar to emla.
• Levomekol 80-120 rub. – antibacterial chloramphenicol and methyluracil, which accelerates crack closure. The drug is indicated for chronic or inflamed fissures. It should be remembered that long-term use may be complicated by anemia and a decrease in white blood cells. Contraindicated for breastfeeding women.
• Nitroglycerin ointment 0.2% dilates blood vessels and relieves sphincter spasm. Prepared according to the recipe.

Suppositories

Suppositories are a convenient dosage form that allows the main medicinal substance to be quickly absorbed into the veins of the hemorrhoidal plexus. In addition, candles are made on the basis of cocoa butter or other neutral fat, which at the same time act as a laxative. When there is a chronic anal fissure, treatment is best done with combined agents containing painkillers and antispasmodics. Preparations in suppositories are used twice a day after bowel movements.

The role of laxatives in treatment

By making your stool softer and your bowel movements more frequent every day, you can eliminate one of the main reasons why a fissure occurs around the anus. Medicines that facilitate bowel movements are divided into the following groups.

• Emollients (vaseline and, Norgalax). At home, if there are problems with the anal sphincter, counter microenemas are used 10 minutes before bowel movement (100 ml of pasteurized sunflower oil and 200 ml boiled water room temperature).
• Agents that increase the volume of intestinal contents: herbal based on agar or psyllium (Naturolax, Mucofalk, Fiberlex), based on cellulose (Fiberal, Fibercon).
• Polyhydric alcohols: , Normaze, Lactulose (standard, not irritable bowel), Sorbitol, Macrogol, Lactiol (see).

Anal fissure in a child

Immaturity digestive tract child is determined by the ease with which they experience various intestinal dysfunctions and, as a result, cracks appear in the anus. If in children under one year old the most common crack is the result of diarrhea due to dysbiosis or intestinal infections, then in older children, as in adults, the main problem is associated with constipation, including those of neurogenic origin.

Therefore, in parallel with the beginning of treatment of fissures, it is worth taking care of normalizing intestinal motility and correcting dysbiosis. Without eliminating these points, therapy can be difficult and prolonged, which contributes to the chronicity of the process and will transform it into a surgical problem.

When an acute fissure appears in the anus, the child becomes restless (or cries) when trying to poop. Drops of bright red blood may be released during or after defecation. If these symptoms appear, you should show the child to a pediatrician or pediatric surgeon.

So, the drugs of choice for treatment anal fissures are:

• for children - candles with sea buckthorn
• adults - Dexpanthenol, Methyluracil, Aurobin (not pregnant)
• as a pain reliever - Anuzol

How to cure anal fissure after childbirth

A fissure in the anus can be caused by childbirth. During the period of pushing, the pressure in the rectum increases and the tissues of the perineum stretch. Since during childbirth a crack is a trifle that is not taken into account, all problems begin after a couple of days, when pain occurs during bowel movements. Here you have to resort to laxatives and drugs that either are not absorbed into the blood or do not penetrate into the milk. The most important thing is to see a specialist doctor as quickly as possible in order to receive competent recommendations and not to miss hemorrhoids under the guise of an anal fissure.

In general, the treatment tactics are the same as for children under one year of age (Duphalac, suppositories with sea buckthorn, Methyluracil). Posterizan in suppositories, Emla for the skin of the perianal area, and Kategel gel can be added.

Healing of anal fissures that exist for more than three months is very difficult due to keratinization of the edges of the defect and a decrease in metabolic processes in the tissues. In such a situation, it is shown different variants surgical treatment.

Surgical treatment

• Devulsion - a compromise option between surgical and conservative treatment can be manipulation of anal devulsion. At the same time, under anesthesia, the spastic sphincter is expanded, which solves some of the problems. This procedure is not performed on older people.
• Cryodestruction - there is an option for cryodestruction of a crack liquid nitrogen, which is a bit expensive and does not always radically solve the situation (it is difficult to achieve precise freezing of only pathologically altered tissues).
• Sphincterotomy - classic surgery involves excision of the crack along a plane within healthy tissue. If the fissure is combined with sphincter spasm, then it is dissected from the inside (sphincterotomy operation). Wound healing time is 5-6 days. Until this moment, dressings are made with Levomekol.

Thus, treatment of acute anal fissure should begin at the first manifestations. In this case, it is very important to consult a doctor, since hemorrhoidal dilatation of the veins of the rectum and tumors give similar symptoms (see).

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An anal fissure (anal fissure) is a tear in the mucous membrane of the large intestine, often located near the anus. Many people do not pay attention to such minor damage, believing that it cannot pose serious harm to the body. But this opinion is erroneous, since any damage to the skin and mucous membranes opens free access to the body for all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms.

In this article you will learn the causes and symptoms of anal fissures, how to treat fissures in the anus at home and with what means.

Causes of cracks

The most common cause of this disorder is frequent constipation and hemorrhoids. With constipation, the intestinal walls are forced to stretch, the pressure on them increases, which often leads to ruptures of the mucous membranes. With hemorrhoids, a person is forced to strain very hard during bowel movements, which also increases pressure in the rectum and can lead to rupture of the mucous membrane.

The causes of anal fissure can be considered:

Symptoms of cracks

The main symptom of such a disorder can be called the appearance of sharp and quite severe pain during normal bowel movements, after which the pain persists for quite a long time, on average about one hour, causing quite serious discomfort to the person. At the same time, the characteristics of pain and its intensity change.

When defecating there is a strong and sharp pain , but after the end of the act of defecation it becomes less pronounced, dull and acquires a pulsating character.

If there is a crack, it is enough big size and depths after defecation on toilet paper can be detected scarlet blood in small quantities. If, every time you visit the toilet to defecate, the amount of blood released increases, and the pain becomes stronger and persists for a very long time, then you should consult a doctor immediately.

Anal fissures are treated by a proctologist, and at the initial stage of the disorder, in most cases, treatment is sufficient for patients conservative methods and at home. When the condition is advanced, surgery is often required.

Oral medications for treatment

Small anal fissures that have appeared relatively recently can be cured with conservative therapy at home, which is carried out gradually and necessarily comprehensively, including many drugs and procedures.

Drug treatment of anal fissures at home does not require hospitalization of the patient.

If the patient experiences severe pain, then he is prescribed painkillers that also have an antispasmodic effect, for example, No-shpa or its domestic analogue- Drotaverine. In addition, anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs that accelerate wound healing and tissue regeneration are often prescribed.

Among the drugs internal reception It should be noted that there are a variety of laxatives, which in most cases form an important part of the treatment, since they provide unloading of the intestines and easier bowel movements. The use of laxatives at home can speed up the healing process of cracks in the anus naturally, preventing secondary rupture of the mucous membranes.

An important point is that antibiotic tablets are not prescribed for the treatment of anal fissures. For this purpose, local agents are used that exhibit more high efficiency and do not have a systemic effect.

Ointments and creams for external use

Among the means for external use in the treatment of anal fissures in home environment most often used pharmaceutical ointments and creams.

Effective remedies for anal fissures among ointments:

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Rectal suppositories

Rectal suppositories are a special form of medication used to treat various diseases rectum and anus, while at home. It is the introduction of candles that allows you to deliver as quickly as possible medicinal substances directly to the site of the lesion, which significantly speeds up treatment.

In addition, almost all rectal suppositories contain fatty substances, which also provides a kind of laxative effect, significantly alleviating the patient’s condition.

Most often, when treating anal fissures, the patient is prescribed suppositories:

Laxatives and their uses

Very often, anal fissures appear due to frequent constipation, so various laxatives are one of the main points drug therapy. The use of such drugs allows you to unload the intestines, facilitates bowel movements and, due to this, accelerates the healing process.

All laxatives can be divided into several main groups:

• Drugs irritating effect.
• Preparations of osmotic action.
• Prebiotics.
• Enteric fillers.

Irritating drugs are considered the most effective, but if there are anal fissures, their use is prohibited. When treating this disease, in most cases, prebiotic drugs are used, which not only gently solve the problem of constipation, but also restore the balance of the intestinal flora, which also contributes to treatment.

An important point is that you cannot prescribe laxatives yourself; this should only be done by a qualified doctor.

It is very important to take into account all the features of the course of the disease and the general condition of the patient. The dosage of drugs is also determined by the doctor individually.

Folk recipes

Often, when treating anal fissures at home, they also use folk remedies, representing a harmless, but very effective option therapy.

Cook many recipes traditional medicine This disease can be treated in normal home conditions.

Candles

Strange as it may seem, but one of the most effective means Traditional medicine for the treatment of anal fissures are suppositories made from ordinary raw potatoes. To prepare them, you need to take a strong raw potato, peel it, cut a slice as thick as your little finger and cut out a regular-shaped rectal suppository from it.

Introduce suppositories before bedtime, lubricating them with sea buckthorn or rosehip oil before administration.

There is no need to worry that the injected potato suppository will get stuck in the intestines. In the morning it will pass freely along with the stool.

It is also recommended to use candles made from dandelion or plantain leaves. To prepare them, you should take a fresh leaf of the plant, wash it thoroughly, and dry it. Then tightly roll the leaf into a tube (the plantain leaf must be folded in half before doing this), dip it in sea buckthorn oil, let the excess drain off and immediately add it to the anal hole.

Ice suppositories are also used in treatment., prepared from strong decoctions of herbs such as chamomile, calendula flowers, tansy, yarrow, oak bark. Herbs can be brewed and frozen individually or in groups. The cooled and strained broth for making ice candles can be poured into special molds of a suitable size or the little fingers of thin rubber gloves. Such suppositories should be administered at night, before bedtime.

Sitz baths

An excellent remedy for treating anal fissures at home are sitz baths, which help prevent the appearance of suppuration at the site of damage to the mucous membranes, as well as eliminate inflammation and significantly reduce the intensity of pain.

In most cases, decoctions and infusions are used to prepare sitz baths. medicinal herbs, but, in addition, a solution of potassium permanganate also has an excellent effect.

This solution very quickly and effectively relieves spasms of the external anal sphincter, which reduces pain and speeds up healing due to increased blood circulation in this area.

The potassium permanganate solution should be weak and warm. Decoctions of medicinal herbs should also be used only warm. It is recommended to use flowers to prepare decoctions. medicinal chamomile or calendula, St. John's wort or yarrow.

The temperature of any solution, decoction or infusion for a sitz bath should not exceed 40 degrees. To carry out a bath, you will need at least 3 liters of medicinal solution, which must be poured into a basin of sufficient volume so that a person can sit in it.

Compresses

Helps in the treatment of anal fissures and applying compresses of strong infusions of medicinal herbs, sea buckthorn or rosehip oil. To prepare such a remedy at home, you need to take clean gauze or a bandage, fold it in several layers, moisten it in the prepared medicine, squeeze it lightly and apply it tightly to the anus.

The compress should be kept for at least 30 minutes, while the patient should be in a supine position on his stomach and be relaxed.

They also make special compresses based on vegetables. For example, you should grate fresh beets and carrots on a fine grater and mix. Take 3 parts of the resulting mixture and add 1 part of fresh bull or pig bile to it. Mix thoroughly, then place the mixture on a prepared clean cloth or gauze and apply to the anus. Keep the compress for about 20 minutes.

In addition, for compresses you can use aloe juice and pulp, special ointments prepared independently from natural ingredients.

Features of nutrition and diet

Most main problem in the presence of anal fissures, normal bowel movements occur, which causes severe pain and other uncomfortable symptoms. A person who has anal fissures must follow a special diet, the purpose of which is to facilitate this natural process of bowel movements and prevent constipation.

An important point in treatment is a complete change in your diet and a revision of your nutrition system.

IN daily menu fresh vegetables and fruits must be included in large quantities, as they contain the fiber necessary for normal operation digestive system and prevent constipation. Fiber promotes softening feces, which makes defecation easier.

The menu should also include bran. They can be added to porridges and baked goods, for example, when making bread. The menu should definitely include a variety of fermented milk products, primarily kefirs and natural live yoghurts.

Dried fruits also have a laxative effect, preserving healthy fiber in large quantities. It is best to eat dried apricots, prunes or raisins.

You should eat often, but in small portions, so as not to create unnecessary stress on the digestive system. Overeating should not be allowed. Also, you should definitely exclude heavy and fatty foods, products containing a large number of proteins, in particular legumes.

You should also avoid eating various processed foods and fast foods., carbonated and alcoholic drinks, dishes with big amount spices and seasonings, salted and pickled foods, all kinds of smoked meats and sausages, avoid spicy foods, as well as cottage cheese, cheeses and eggs.

Prevention of cracks

Of course, every person knows that any disease is much easier and better to prevent than to treat it and experience discomfort and pain. Anal fissures are no exception here, because with the help of some preventive measures You can avoid the appearance of such an unpleasant disease or prevent its recurrence after treatment.

Since the risk group primarily includes people who primarily sedentary image life, then one of the main means of prevention is movement and exercise.

It is very important to maintain sufficient physical activity and do daily hiking or jogging, driving healthy image life.

The second important point of prevention is compliance proper nutrition, excluding or severely limiting the consumption of foods harmful to the digestive system. In this case, it is necessary to chew the food consumed thoroughly, since large pieces cannot be completely digested in the stomach and small intestine and are often excreted in an unprocessed form, thereby injuring the mucous membranes of the rectum and anus.

For this reason, in order to avoid problems with fully chewing foods, it is important to regularly visit the dentist and promptly treat your teeth if necessary.

Anal fissure is damage (cracking) of the rectal mucosa that occurs along the wall of the anal canal. This disease is more often detected in women, as well as in people who have anal sex. There are cases when the disease occurs in children.

Stages

A fissure in the anus has two stages:

1. Acute rectal fissure. Formed when the walls of the mucous membrane of the final part of the digestive tract suddenly rupture. Such wounds tend to heal quite quickly, within 2-3 days. Treatment with medications may not be necessary.
2. Chronic rectal fissure. IN chronic stage The disease progresses when, for some reason, an acute rupture does not heal. This also happens if a person suffers from chronic constipation. The cracks increase significantly in size. At the same time, they are constantly exposed to infection. pathogenic microorganisms. During straining, a person experiences a spasm of the anal sphincter. The resulting wound tends to not heal over a long period of time, bringing severe pain and discomfort to the person.

An anal defect can be single or multiple.

Provoking factors

Currently, the causes of the disease are not fully understood by medicine. But mainly the reasons are:

• chronic constipation, its consequences and impaired blood flow in the pelvic organs. The main reasons for the appearance stagnation and constipation is a sedentary lifestyle, prolonged sitting on the toilet, lifting weights, sedentary work. Especially it concerns office workers, people doing heavy physical labor, features of the anatomical structure of the gastrointestinal tract;
• injuries received during anal sex;
• chronic diseases gastrointestinal tract (chronic gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer, cholecystitis);
• hemorrhoids. At varicose veins thrombosis develops in the anal veins. It also significantly increases the likelihood of developing fissures in the anus. Often hemorrhoids cause the development of pectenosis, which has a detrimental effect on the elasticity and tone of the walls of the rectum;
• pregnancy and childbirth. Especially if there were complications.

Complications

If you do not treat a defect in the anus, you can provoke the development the following complications: paraproctitis, bleeding(in some cases very copious) during and after defecation, colitis, formation of purulent fistulas, weakness of the anal sphincter, constant painful sensations (not only during bowel movements, but also when walking, sitting), itching, development oncological diseases intestines.

Complications of fissures in the anus are very dangerous for men. Possible distribution infectious inflammation on prostate gland. As a result, prostatitis occurs.

Timely treatment of an anal fissure allows you to avoid the development of life-threatening consequences.

Treatment

Before you begin to treat rectal fissures, it is necessary to conduct a complete differential diagnosis(digital examination of the anus, anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, ultrasound). The choice of therapy method will be determined by the treating doctor after a full examination. Depending on the character and clinical manifestation rectal defect.

Initial treatment of a crack is aimed at eliminating pain symptoms And muscle spasm sphincter. And only then - to normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and tighten the defect itself.

With an acute rectal fissure, in approximately seventy percent of patients, it is possible to quickly achieve effective results after the therapeutic activities in combination with strict adherence to the instructions of the treating doctor: proper diet, hygiene, increase physical activity, lifestyle changes.

Treatment methods

Treatment for anal fissure in humans includes:

1. Compliance with the diet.
2. Conservative methods of therapy. The use of special pharmacological drugs ( rectal suppositories, cream, ointment).
3. Operative (surgical) methods of treatment.

Diet therapy

The first step in the treatment of defects in the anus is to change the patient’s lifestyle, normalize metabolic processes in the body, and eliminate the cause of constipation. First of all, crack treatment is aimed at preventing the appearance of chronic constipation(or diarrhea).

Patients who have a wound in the rectum should exclude salty, fried, hot, floury, spicy, sour dishes and, of course, alcoholic drinks.

Patients with a defect in the anus are recommended to eat cereals, salads with vegetable oil, bread with bran (no more than 20 g per day), slimy soups, natural yoghurts. To improve peristalsis, a diet high in fiber (prunes, kiwi, dried apricots, bananas, beets, figs, boiled carrots, baked apples, etc.), as well as dairy products, is recommended. Don't forget to drink plenty of fluids.

If a person has diarrhea, it is necessary to exclude cabbage, legumes, fresh vegetables and fruits from the diet, confectionery from yeast dough, milk.

Drug therapy

If a patient has a rectal fissure that does not heal within a month, then from the acute stage of the course it passes into the chronic stage.

Conservative treatment involves the use of rectal suppositories and ointments. Injections are also given to relieve sphincter spasm.

Modern pharmacology provides huge assortment medications. The choice of one remedy or another depends on the symptoms of the disease and the degree of the inflammatory process.

Rectal suppositories

Rectal suppositories are the most effective medicine. Rectal suppositories have the property of being absorbed into the body within short period time. This form of the drug is made on the basis of cocoa butter, vegetable and animal hydrogenated fats, which also act as a laxative. If the patient has a chronic fissure in the anus, then therapy is carried out with combined rectal suppositories with analgesic and antispasmodic effects. Suppositories can be used twice during the day after bowel movements. To rectal suppositories that reduce painful sensations and itching near the anal canal can be attributed to:

• Anuzol. The composition of the drug includes xeroform, krasuha, zinc sulfate;
• Anestezol. Contains: anesthesin, bismuth subgallate, menthol, zinc oxide;
• Proctosan. Ingredients: lidocaine, bismuth subgallate, bufexamac, titanium dioxide;
• candles with belladonna extract, etc.

Rectal suppositories that eliminate the inflammatory process, stimulate healing, and have hemostatic and analgesic effects include:

• Relief;
• Rkelif Advance;
• Posterized, etc.

Medicines in this group are contraindicated in children under twelve years of age, during pregnancy and lactation, and with blood clotting disorders. To stimulate metabolic processes and immunomodulatory effects, suppositories with methyluracil are used. Sea buckthorn candles have a highly effective effect on shallow wounds.

Majority medical specialists They believe that rectal suppositories are the most effective method of therapy to eliminate inflammation and cure the disease.

Laxatives

Using laxative medications, you can get rid of the main cause of cracking around the anal opening. Medications that facilitate the act of defecation are divided into softening (Norgalax) and promoting cleansing of the body (Naturolax, Mukofalk, Fiberlex, Fiberal, Fibercon, etc.).

Ointments

If the patient has severe pain, then using rectal suppositories in this case is very difficult. In such situation conservative treatment involves the use of ointments and creams for wounds in the rectum.

The disease must be treated with fat-based ointments or creams that do not cause irritation. skin and mucous membrane around the anal canal.

It is advisable to use medications that eliminate inflammation and accelerate the wound healing process:

• Ultraproct;
• Aurobin;
• Dexpanthenol;
• Bepanten;
• Pantesol;
• Solcoseryl;
• Methyluracil, etc.

Ointment or cream is applied around the anus once or twice a day after bowel movements and baths.

Surgery

If the disease cannot be cured with medications medicines for 13-16 days, then in such a situation surgical methods of treatment are used. As a rule, treat operative method Only chronic cracking is necessary.

The essence of surgery is to eliminate the wound. The operation (excision) can be performed in two ways:

1. Electrocoagulator.
2. Laser.

As numerous forums testify, it is recommended to perform surgical intervention with a laser.

Traditional treatment

Currently therapy folk ways widely used in combination with medications medicines. There are a large number of different folk therapy methods: decoctions, teas, sitz baths.

Treatment of anal fissure at home using folk methods is used both during an exacerbation of the disease and during the chronic stage of its course. During an exacerbation of the disease, traditional medicine helps reduce pain symptoms, eliminate inflammation, and relieve sphincter spasm.

After surgery and in case of chronic damage, traditional medicine promotes the healing of damage in the anus.

• microenemas with the addition of oil, medicinal herbs (St. John's wort, mother herb, medicinal marigold) and honey;
• sitz baths at room temperature (no more than 40°C), possibly with medicinal plants or a solution of potassium permanganate;
• ointments made from bee glue and ate resin (at home, with your own hands).

It should be remembered that it is impossible to cure the disease using traditional medicine alone. After the final cure, all the causes that provoked the onset of the disease (constipation, inactive lifestyle, hemorrhoids, etc.) should be eliminated. If you follow all the recommendations of your doctor, you will no longer have a fissure in your anus.

Education: Graduated from the Russian National Research Institute medical University them. N.I. Pirogov, Faculty of Medicine. Took advanced training courses. Primary specialization is in coloproctology at the State Research Center of Coloproctology. Worked in City scientific and practical center coloproctology of St. Petersburg.

Experience: Proctologist. Medical practice experience – 25 years. Author of more than 40 articles on medical topics. A regular participant in conferences and symposia, where problems of modern medicine are covered.

Provides highly qualified diagnosis and treatment of many diseases: hemorrhoids, anal fissures, various diseases of the colon, and successfully diagnoses neoplasms of the perianal area and rectum in the early stages. Also conducts examinations of children.

Real pain. This is the name given to elongated ulcers that appear on the rectal mucosa near the anus. During defecation in the area of ​​the fissure, the patient feels a strong cutting pain, which can provoke it, which, in turn, will only worsen the course of the disease.

Quickly get rid of anal fissure using folk methods: how to do it?

A popular way to treat anal fissures is sitz baths with oak bark decoction. The tannins contained in the bark of this tree disinfect the wound, drying and healing it, and also relieve pain and stop bleeding. To prepare such a bath, add a handful of oak bark (sold in a pharmacy) to 2 liters of boiling water. Boil the broth for a quarter of an hour, then let it cool to room temperature, strain and add it to the water prepared for the bath.

Another folk method withdrawals acute condition in a patient who suffers from anal fissures - this is the application of a cotton swab dipped in a decoction to the affected area wheat bran and calendula. To prepare it, add a tablespoon of bran and dried calendula flowers to half a liter of boiling water, boil for 10-15 minutes, strain and cool.

The miraculous properties of ordinary aloe are indispensable in the treatment of anal fissures. Apply an aloe leaf cut in half in thickness to the sore spot after baths. Aloe neutralizes the inflammatory process and promotes the healing of ulcers on the mucous membrane. You can make rectal suppositories from aloe by cutting the leaf into oblong pieces and freezing it first.

Nettle infusion, which is drunk by the patient 2-3 times daily as tea, helps the body with such an annoying ailment as anal fissures. It helps relieve swelling and irritation of the intestinal mucosa not only from the outside, but throughout its entire length.

How to prevent anal fissures?

Proctologists recommend that patients prone to anal fissures insert daily diet a lot of fiber and a lot clean water. These measures, like no other, contribute to the prevention, which in most cases are the cause of injury to the delicate mucous membrane in the anal area.

To avoid the appearance of anal fissures, avoid tight clothing; thongs made of synthetic materials are especially dangerous in this sense. Salty, peppery and fried foods can indirectly affect ulceration around the anus, so it is better to avoid such foods. Finally, use a PH-neutral product to cleanse. By following all these measures, you will prevent relapse of the disease.

This pathology can develop in a person at any age, but is more often diagnosed in women reproductive age. Ointment for cracks in the anus is used to treat hemorrhoids in hospital and at home. The product is used for topical application and helps get rid of discomfort and promotes healing of the crack. At risk are people who do not eat properly because of which they suffer from chronic constipation, people who sedentary lifestyle life.

What are anal fissures?

The disease is a rupture of the mucous membrane on the surface of the rectum. They can be different sizes, but always cause the patient significant discomfort. If for a long time If a person has chronic hemorrhoids, then an anal fissure occurs even on the side walls of the canal. 25% of people who consult a proctologist suffer from acute cracks or small tears.

main reason which causes the development of anal fissures - frequent constipation. In most cases, they lead to the development of hemorrhoids, and this pathology has more severe course. Cause problems with anus The following factors may:

1. Special diets that consist only of low-fat foods.
2. Ignoring problems that indicate the development of hemorrhoids.
3. Condylomas of the anus.
4. Difficult during pregnancy labor activity.
5. A number of pathologies: AIDS, HIV, syphilis, tuberculosis.
6. Anal sex.
7. Anal spasms.
8. Sedentary or sedentary lifestyle.

Treatment of cracks

Depending on the degree of development of the disease, the method of therapy is selected. If the case is not advanced, then conservative treatment is sufficient, which involves the use of medications that promote tissue regeneration, relieve burning, swelling, and eliminate itching. For such local treatment Ointment for anal fissures, suppositories, creams are well suited. In addition, they use following methods in the treatment of anal injuries:

• sitz baths;
• oral medications;
• microenemas;
• diet to improve intestinal motility;
• promotion physical activity without heavy loads;
• folk remedies.

If the stage of the disease has reached the appearance of mucous discharge from the anus, rectal bleeding, and conservative treatment does not bring relief, then surgery may be prescribed. There are several options for this procedure:

1. Devulsion. This is a compromise between conservative and surgical treatment. Under anesthesia, the spasmodic sphincter is widened, which partially solves the problem of difficult defecation. It is not given to older people.
2. Cryodestruction. This is an option for treating anal injuries with nitrogen. This manipulation is not cheap and does not always help to fundamentally solve problems. The difficulty lies in the need to freeze only pathologically altered tissues.
3. Sphincterotomy. This is a classic operation, which consists of excision of the crack along the plane down to healthy tissue. If there is a spasm of the sphincter, it is cut from the inside. The wound heals in 5-6 days, and dressings with Levomekol ointment accelerate healing.

1. The lifestyle must be active, you cannot be long time V sitting position.
2. Constipation must be combated; delays of more than 2 days are unacceptable.
3. Treat intestinal infections with diarrhea and dysbacteriosis in a timely manner.
4. Use high-quality toilet paper that will not injure the anus.
5. Avoid unconventional sex or use high-quality lubricants.

Ointment for anal fissures

This is one of the dosage forms means for the treatment of hemorrhoids and fissures. This is the best option in cases where damage to the anus is caused by dry or too hard stool, prolonged constipation. Ointment for hemorrhoids and fissures has maximum effectiveness for initial stages pathology. The advantage of this form is that some products can be used even during pregnancy at home.

As a rule, medicines are produced based on oil; the components of the ointment have an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. The main advantage is that the medicine is able to penetrate deep into the tissue, which helps to quickly improve the patient’s well-being. Many formulations contain natural ingredients, which reduces the risk of an allergic reaction. The ointment is applied to the surface of the skin, so it is better suited when a crack forms on the outside of the anus.

Indications for the use of ointment for anal fissures

It is not necessary to wait for the disease to develop; you can apply the product as soon as it appears. discomfort. You should use the drug if you experience the following symptoms:

1. Pain. The deeper the crack is, the stronger it will be. In the first stages, pain occurs only during bowel movements, but over time it becomes chronic.
2. Itching. It also develops over time and becomes stronger, causing a lot of inconvenience to a person.
3. Bloody issues. They usually appear at the time of straining and defecation.

Mode of application

You can use the ointment yourself; to enhance the effect, it is recommended to apply it after healing baths. Decoctions of medicinal herbs are good; they help relieve inflammation and relieve pain. Successful treatment when using ointments depends on compliance with several simple rules:

1. Apply the product first to the elbow to check for an allergic reaction. It is better to determine it here than after applying it to the anus.
2. Apply the product to cracks in a thin layer, no need to rub in. In some cases, it is recommended to wet the wipes and apply them to the affected area. Sometimes doctors insert tampons to enhance the penetration of the drug into the internal parts rectum.
3. Before using the medicine, you must perform anal hygiene; the shower should be warm or cool, but not hot.

Popular ointments for cracks

Most products can be ordered from a catalog on websites; the cost there is lower, so it is recommended to buy the necessary medicine in an online store. An ointment for healing cracks in the anus should be prescribed by a doctor depending on the stage of the disease, but if desired, a person can independently choose one of the popular options. Some remedies have proven themselves in the treatment of fissures in the anus, these include:

• Aurobin ointment;
• Methyluracil ointment;
• Levomekol;
• Vishnevsky;
• Solcoseryl;
• Relief.

Levomekol for anal fissures

This is a combined medication for external use that has a bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, adsorbent and restorative effect. This effective ointment for hemorrhoids and fissures, it contains a balanced set of components that prevents the development of an infectious process, cleanses the surface of the fissure from decay products, promotes rapid healing of the mucous membrane, which significantly reduces the likelihood of complications. Medicinal properties are based on the following components of the ointment:

1. Chloramphenicol (aka chloramphenicol). It's an antibiotic local action, copes well with various types of pathogenic microflora (streptococci, chlamydia, staphylococci, coli), stops suppuration of tissues, reduces inflammation.
2. Methyluracil. This component promotes the healing of cracks in the anus, relieves swelling, pain, strengthens local immunity, relieves chronic itching.
3. Polyethylene oxide. Additional substance, ensuring the application of the ointment, its penetration into the tissues of the remaining medicinal components, has a drying and restorative effect.
4. Dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine. This is a strong immunostimulant that relieves the symptoms of pathology and accelerates tissue regeneration.

Apply the product once a day until the purulent discharge completely disappears and the wound heals. The duration of treatment is, as a rule, no more than 15 days. The exact duration must be determined by the doctor, who will take into account the characteristics of the patient and the stage of the disease. Exceed the duration of therapy own decision not recommended, because this may lead to disturbances in the intestinal microflora and liver problems.

Methyluracil ointment

The action of this remedy is aimed at stimulating growth, regeneration of damaged tissues, so it becomes good option for the treatment of anal fissures. Main active substance acts as methyluracil, which has anti-catabolic properties. This helps to quickly overcome the inflammatory process and increase local immunity.

It is recommended to use tampons to improve the penetration of medicinal components into the anus. Apply a thin layer of the product to the tampon over the entire surface; it should be injected relatively deep, especially if the damage is located deeper than the surface of the anus. There have been cases where the medication caused an allergic reaction (burning and itching), so it is recommended to first apply ointment to the elbow surface.

Solcoseryl ointment

The medication has a regenerating, anti-inflammatory effect. The basis of the medicine is a deproteinized extract from calf blood, which increases the absorption and transport of oxygen and glucose, normalizes energy metabolism in cells, accelerates tissue repair and increases re-epithelialization. The main advantage of Solcoseryl is that the product can be used even during pregnancy and lactation. The product has no contraindications, it is rarely recorded by-effect in the form of an allergic reaction. There are 2 recommendations for use:

1. It should be applied 1-2 times a day no more.
2. For more effective healing It is recommended to use tampons soaked in the medicine.

Vishnevsky ointment

A very well-known and popular ointment at a low price, which is effectively used for the treatment of anal injuries. Helps relieve inflammation, reduce swelling, accelerate tissue healing and improve the patient’s well-being. The product is based on three active components:

• Birch tar;
• Castor oil;
• xeroform.

For maximum effective treatment It is recommended to smear immediately after the first symptoms of the disease appear. To enhance the medicinal effect, it is recommended to soak tampons in the product and insert them into the anus. This will ensure deeper penetration of the drug into the rectal tissue. The main advantage of the medication is that it is safe to use; it can be used even during pregnancy.

Ointment Relief

There is a whole line of this medicine under common name, the doctor should select a medication option based on the stage of development of the pathology and the advanced level of complexity. The product has a wound-healing, anti-inflammatory effect, helps regulate blood circulation at the local level, helps to heal damaged tissue. To use the ointment, it is recommended to use the special applicator from the kit.

First you should do hygiene procedures, then lie on your side, pull your knees to your stomach, insert the nozzle into the passage, lightly squeeze the tube with your fingers and the contents will be evenly distributed throughout the rectum. Then you need to remove the applicator and just lie on your side for about 10 minutes. A little ointment always leaks out, so the effect spreads not only inside, but also outside.

Heparin ointment

Main active component product is a substance of the same name that helps reduce inflammatory reaction at the local level, increase regenerative properties, promotes rapid resorption of formed hematomas. This medicine is often recommended for home use after childbirth. For use, it is recommended to soak a piece of tissue or a tampon for deep insertion into the anus. The disadvantages of the product include the following contraindications for use:

• reduced clotting blood;
• thrombopenia;
• ulcerative-necrotic processes.

How to treat a chronic fissure in the anus

Antibacterial ointments are often used for short courses of 1-2 weeks, but sometimes the disease becomes chronic and causes constant discomfort to the person. Treatment agents of this form must have anti-inflammatory and restorative properties. As a rule, specialists prescribe the following treatments: chronic form diseases:

1. Aurobin. This is an effective local remedy that kills bacteria, relieves pain and inflammation. Place the medication directly into the anus; you can use a tampon for this purpose.
2. Proctosan. The product has drying properties; use the medicine 2 times a day immediately after bowel movements.
3. Nitroglycerin ointment. Opposes inflammatory diseases, fast healing fabrics. It is recommended to use the remedy for a month to get rid of this pathology forever.

Ointments for anal fissures in children

A child may also have this problem. Treatment of rectal fissures is carried out using local medicines, but before starting to use medications, you should definitely visit a doctor. For therapy, experts often recommend the same popular means, which are also used for adults: Levomekol, Solcoseryl, Vishnevsky, Bezornil. Last resort has the following properties:

1. The product contains the following substances: artificial musk, pearl components, zinc carbonate, amber, borneol, artificial bezoar. This provides an excellent antiseptic, astringent and local anesthetic effect.
2. The medicine should be used 2-3 times in 1 day, injected deep into the intestine using a special applicator.
3. The medication should be taken after bowel movements.
4. The only contraindications listed are allergic reaction on the components of the product.

Price

The cost of medicines depends on the volume of the container and the region of sale. You can buy it at a regular pharmacy or order it online. It is recommended to consult a doctor and find out the conditions of use before using the product. Approximate price for medicines of this group in Moscow are as follows:

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