Nonspecific ulcerative colitis of the intestine, symptoms and treatment. Colitis - what is it? Ulcerative colitis: symptoms, treatment

is a diffuse ulcerative-inflammatory lesion of the mucous membrane of the large intestine, accompanied by the development of severe local and systemic complications. The clinical picture of the disease is characterized by cramping abdominal pain, diarrhea mixed with blood, intestinal bleeding, and extraintestinal manifestations. Ulcerative colitis is diagnosed based on the results of colonoscopy, irrigoscopy, CT, and endoscopic biopsy. Treatment can be conservative (diet, physical therapy, medications) or surgical (resection of the affected area of the colon).

Complications

A fairly common and serious complication of ulcerative colitis is toxic megacolon - expansion of the colon as a result of paralysis of the muscles of the intestinal wall in the affected area. With toxic megacolon, intense pain and bloating in the abdomen, increased body temperature, and weakness are noted.

In addition, ulcerative colitis can be complicated by massive intestinal bleeding, intestinal rupture, narrowing of the colon lumen, dehydration as a result of large fluid loss with diarrhea and colon cancer.

Diagnostics

Main diagnostic method, revealing nonspecific ulcerative colitis is colonoscopy, which allows a detailed examination of the lumen of the large intestine and its internal walls. Irrigoscopy and X-ray examination with barium can detect ulcerative defects of the walls, changes in the size of the intestine (megacolon), impaired peristalsis, and narrowing of the lumen. An effective method for imaging the intestine is computed tomography.

In addition, they produce a coprogram, a test for occult blood, bacteriological culture. A blood test for ulcerative colitis shows the picture nonspecific inflammation. Biochemical indicators may signal the presence of concomitant pathologies, digestive disorders, functional disorders in the functioning of organs and systems. During a colonoscopy, a biopsy of the altered area of the colon wall is usually performed for histological examination.

Treatment of UC

Since the causes of nonspecific ulcerative colitis are not fully understood, the goals of therapy of this disease– this is a decrease in the intensity of the inflammatory process, subsidence clinical symptoms and prevention of exacerbations and complications. With timely proper treatment and strict adherence to the recommendations of the proctologist, it is possible to achieve stable remission and improve the patient’s quality of life.

Ulcerative colitis is treated with therapeutic and surgical methods depending on the course of the disease and the patient’s condition. One of the important elements of symptomatic treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis is dietary food.

At severe course diseases at the height of clinical manifestations, the proctologist can recommend complete failure from eating, limiting yourself to drinking water. Most often, during an exacerbation, patients lose their appetite and tolerate the ban quite easily. If necessary, parenteral nutrition is prescribed. Sometimes patients are transferred to parenteral nutrition in order to more quickly alleviate the condition of severe colitis. Eating is resumed immediately after appetite is restored.

Diet recommendations for ulcerative colitis are aimed at stopping diarrhea and reducing irritation of the intestinal mucosa by food components. Products containing dietary fiber, fiber, spicy, sour dishes, alcoholic drinks, rough food. In addition, patients suffering from chronic intestinal inflammation are recommended to increase the protein content in their diet (at the rate of 1.5-2 grams per kilogram of body per day).

Drug therapy for ulcerative colitis includes anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclosporine, mercaptopurine) and anticytokines (infliximab). In addition, they are appointed symptomatic remedies: antidiarrheals, painkillers, iron supplements for signs of anemia.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - derivatives of 5-aminosalicylic acid (sulfasalazine, mesalazine) and corticosteroids - are used as anti-inflammatory drugs for this pathology. hormonal drugs. Corticosteroid drugs are used during periods of severe exacerbation in cases of severe and moderate severity (or if 5-aminosalicylates are ineffective) and are not prescribed for more than a few months. (free end connections ileum With anal canal) is the most common surgical treatment for nonspecific ulcerative colitis. In some cases, a section of the affected intestine limited within healthy tissues is removed (segmental resection).

Prognosis and prevention

Prevention of nonspecific ulcerative colitis in this moment no, because the causes of this disease are not completely clear. Preventive measures occurrence of relapses of exacerbation is compliance with the doctor’s lifestyle instructions (nutritional recommendations similar to those for Crohn’s disease, reducing the amount stressful situations and physical overexertion, psychotherapy) and regular dispensary observation. Sanatorium-resort treatment has a good effect in terms of stabilizing the condition.

With a mild course without complications, the prognosis is favorable. About 80% of patients taking 5-acetylsalicylates as maintenance therapy do not report relapses or complications of the disease throughout the year. Patients usually experience relapses once every five years; in 4% there are no exacerbations for 15 years. Surgical treatment is resorted to in 20% of cases. Probability of development malignant tumor in patients with UC varies between 3-10% of cases.

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract of a recurrent nature, in which the mucous membrane of the large intestine becomes inflamed, on which ulcers and areas of necrosis form.

Clinically, ulcerative colitis is manifested by bloody diarrhea, arthritis, weight loss, general weakness, abdominal pain, and this disease increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. We will tell you more about ulcerative colitis of the intestine - symptoms and treatment of the disease in this article.

Causes of Ulcerative Colitis

The etiology of the disease is considered not fully understood; scientists are still intensively searching for the true causes of ulcerative colitis. However, the main risk factors for this disease are known, which include:

American experts conducted a large-scale study and found that fungi in the human intestine are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), reports the Los Angeles Times. Experiments conducted on rodents allowed scientists to prove the connection between more than 100 species of various fungi found in their intestines and ulcerative colitis of the intestine.

The presence of fungi in the body of mammals activates the production of dectin-1 protein by leukocytes. In the case where the body in mice could not produce it, the mice become more susceptible to the development of ulcerative colitis than their healthy counterparts. Moreover, the application antifungal drugs helps mitigate the course of this disease in rodents.

In humans, Dectin-1 is encoded by the CLEC7A gene; based on these studies, it turned out that in the presence of a mutant form of this gene, the patient developed ulcerative colitis, which was intractable traditional ways treatment (diet, NSAIDs, corticosteroids). Mutations in the CLEC7A gene contribute to the development of a more severe form of colitis, since this gene is associated with other factors that influence inflammation, and antifungal treatment in this case helps to improve the patient's condition.

Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis

There are main symptoms of ulcerative colitis associated with the gastrointestinal tract ( intestinal manifestations) and extraintestinal symptoms.

The main intestinal symptoms of UC are:

Bloody diarrhea

Diarrhea with blood and mucus (and sometimes even pus) is the main diagnostic sign of the disease. Sometimes the discharge of blood, mucus and pus occurs spontaneously (not during bowel movements). The frequency of bowel movements in patients with UC varies - from several times a day to 15 - 20 times (severe cases). The frequency of stool increases in the morning and at night.

Pain in the projection of the abdomen

The pain can also have varying degrees of intensity - from mild to severe, accompanied by extreme discomfort. Most often, the pain is localized in the left half of the abdomen. Severe abdominal pain that is not relieved by taking analgesics is a sign of complications of the disease.

Increase in temperature to low-grade levels.
Other signs of intoxication of the body: weakness, weight loss, poor appetite, frequent dizziness.
False urge to defecate (tenesmus). Sometimes a patient may discharge only a fragment of mucus or mucus with pus instead of feces (symptom of “rectal spitting”).
Bloating ().
Possible fecal incontinence.
Sometimes, instead of diarrhea, the patient develops constipation, which is a sign of severe inflammation of the colon mucosa.
The likelihood of rapid (fulminant, fulminant) development of ulcerative colitis.

This form develops in just a few days, its manifestation is toxic megacolon (expansion or dilatation of the lumen of the large intestine). At the same time, the patient’s temperature rises sharply, reaching over 38°C. The patient is weak, adynamic, rapidly losing weight, he experiences abdominal pain, frequent loose stools with copious amounts of mucus, blood and pus, and abdominal pain. In the terminal stage of UC, tachycardia occurs and decreases arterial pressure, oliguria appears. The patient has bloating and abdominal pain, bowel sounds are not listened to. Neutrophilic leukocytosis is noted in the blood, and a dilated colon is visible on the x-ray (its diameter exceeds 6 cm). Dilatation of the large intestine is caused by an increase in nitric oxide, which increases the contractile function of intestinal smooth muscles. Excessive expansion of the large intestine is dangerous due to perforation of its wall (rupture).

Extraintestinal manifestations of UC

They occur infrequently - in only 10 - 20% of patients. These include:

Skin lesions in the form of erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum, which is associated with the presence of an increased concentration of bacterial antigens in the blood, immune complexes, cryoproteins.
Symptoms of damage to the oropharynx. Occurs in 10% of patients. They are associated with the appearance of aphthae - specific rashes on the oral mucosa, the number of which decreases as the disease goes into remission.
Eye damage (occurs even less frequently - in only 5 - 8% of cases), they manifest themselves as: uveitis, episcleritis, conjunctivitis, retrobulbar neuritis, keratitis, choroiditis.
Articular lesions. Inflammatory processes in the joints are of the nature of arthritis (most common), sacroiliitis, spondylitis. These lesions can be combined with intestinal pathology or precede the main symptoms of ulcerative colitis.
Pathology skeletal system in the form of: osteoporosis (increased bone fragility), osteomalacia (softening of bones), aseptic and ischemic necrosis.
Defeat pulmonary system(occurs in 35% of patients with UC).
Damage to the pancreas, liver and bile ducts. These changes are due to disruptions in work endocrine system.
The rarest outside intestinal symptoms ulcerative colitis of the intestine are: and glomerulonephritis.

Ulcerative colitis has an acute phase and a remission phase. The disease begins gradually at first, but quickly gains momentum when the signs of ulcerative colitis become more pronounced.

Sometimes the symptoms weaken, but then intensify again. At permanent treatment the disease takes on the character of recurrent chronic ulcerative colitis, the symptoms of which weaken with long-term remission. The frequency of relapses in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis most often depends not on the degree of intestinal damage, but on supportive treatment (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibacterial, antiviral agents).

During the acute phase of the disease, the large intestine looks like this: hyperemia and swelling of its mucosa occur, intestinal bleeding and ulcers appear. The process of remission, on the contrary, is accompanied by atrophic changes in the mucous membrane - it becomes thinner, its function is impaired, and lymphatic infiltrates appear.

Diagnosis of the disease

A specialist diagnoses and treats ulcerative colitis therapeutic profile or gastroenterologist. Suspicion of the disease is caused by a complex of corresponding symptoms:

diarrhea mixed with blood, mucus and pus
abdominal pain; arthritis
eye disorders due to general intoxication of the body

Laboratory diagnostics.

IN general analysis In the blood of a patient with ulcerative colitis, anemia is noted (the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin decreases), and there is leukocytosis. In a blood test for biochemistry, an increase in the blood content of C-reactive protein is noted, which is an indicator of the presence of inflammation in the human body. In addition, the concentration of albumin, magnesium, calcium decreases, and the amount of gamaglobulins increases, which is associated with the active production of antibodies.
In an immunological blood test, most patients show an increase in the concentration of cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies (they appear due to an abnormal immune response).
A stool analysis of a patient with ulcerative colitis shows blood, pus and mucus. Pathogenic microflora is sown in feces.

Instrumental diagnosis of UC.

Endoscopy (rectosigmoidoscopy, reveals in the patient a complex of symptoms characteristic of the disease:

swelling and hyperemia, granulosa of the mucous membrane
pseudopolyps
contact bleeding
the presence of pus, blood and mucus in the intestinal lumen
During the remission phase, pronounced atrophy of the mucous membrane of the large intestine is observed.

("video pill") in the near future, it will be performed on those patients who, due to the pain of the procedure and discomfort, refuse to undergo a colonoscopy. However, capsule endoscopy will not replace traditional endoscopic examination, since the image quality is inferior to direct visualization. The approximate cost of such a capsule will be about $500.

X-ray examination is also an effective method for diagnosing ulcerative colitis. In this case, a barium mixture is used as a contrast. On x-ray In a patient with UC, there is a noticeable expansion of the intestinal lumen, the presence of polyps, ulcers, and shortening of the intestine. This type examination helps prevent intestinal perforation.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

There is no etiological treatment that can address the cause of ulcerative colitis. Treatment of the disease is symptomatic and is aimed at: eliminating the inflammation process, maintaining remission and preventing complications. If drug therapy does not have an effect, the patient is indicated for surgical treatment.

Conservative treatment methods for UC include:

Diet therapy. During periods of exacerbation, the patient is advised to refrain from eating. You can only drink water. During the period of remission, the patient is recommended to reduce the amount of fat in the diet and increase the protein content (low-fat fish and meat, cottage cheese, eggs). It is recommended to avoid coarse fibrous fiber, which can injure the delicate intestinal mucosa. The following carbohydrates are recommended: porridge, honey, jelly, jelly, berry and fruit compotes and decoctions. The patient is recommended to take vitamins: A, K, C, as well as calcium. In severe cases, artificial nutrition is recommended - parenteral and enteral.

NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) salofalk, mesalazine, sulfasalazine and corticosteroids - prednisolone, methylprednisolone. The dosage of drugs is selected by the doctor individually.

Antibiotics. In case of exacerbation of the disease, antibiotics are also recommended: ciprofloxacin, tsifran, ceftriaxone, tienam.

Surgical intervention

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis is indicated for patients who do not respond to conservative methods. Indications for surgery for ulcerative colitis are:

perforation (perforation of the intestinal wall);
signs of intestinal obstruction;
abscess;
presence of toxic megacolon;
profuse bleeding;
fistulas;
bowel cancer.

The main types of surgical intervention are:

Colectomy (excision colon).
Proctocolectomy (removal of the rectum and colon) with preservation anus.
Proctocolectomy followed by ileostomy. In this case, the rectum and colon are excised, after which an ileostomy (permanent or temporary) is applied, through which natural waste is removed from the human body. Subsequently, the patient is given reconstructive surgery, the ileostomy is removed and restored natural way defecation.

Chronic inflammatory disease of the colon, characterized by ulcerative-destructive changes in its mucous membrane. Prevalence is 60-220 cases per 100,000 people.

Everyone is susceptible to disease age groups, but the predominant number of cases falls on 25 years. Men and women get sick with equal frequency. The causes of ulcerative colitis still remain unknown.

Autoimmune damage to the tissues of the walls of the large intestine is assumed. This hypothesis is based on the fact that most often ulcerative nonspecific colitis associated with others autoimmune diseases (systemic vasculitis, systemic lesions connective tissue, autoimmune thyroiditis, etc.).

Colitis

Colitis is an inflammatory-dystrophic lesion of the colon. Acute colitis is most often caused by pathogenic microorganisms (dysenteric bacteria, salmonella, staphylococci, streptococci, Proteus, amoebas, balantidia and others), resulting from the action of allergic factors, food and other allergens, certain medications, nutritional disorders, infectious and viral diseases(for example, for influenza, malaria, pneumonia, sepsis and others).

Chronic colitis may be a consequence of acute colitis in cases of insufficient effective treatment, as well as in patients with reduced general body resistance.

Most often, chronic colitis is caused by dysentery bacteria, although other microbes (Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Proteus, pathogenic strains coli, amoeba, balantidia, trichomonas, lamblia) can also cause the development of chronic colitis.

Chronic colitis is often caused by helminthiasis. It can also develop in the presence of foci of infection in the body, especially in organs anatomically associated with the intestines (in the gallbladder, pancreas, and others); In women, the cause of colitis may be an inflammatory process of the pelvic organs.

Causes of Ulcerative Colitis

It has not yet been established exactly what causes the development of this disease. But there is an assumption that it is called:

Triggers for ulcerative colitis are:

dysbacteriosis;
sedentary lifestyle;
poor dietary fiber and a carbohydrate-rich diet;
dysbacteriosis;
neuropsychic overload.

It has been established that people who have undergone surgery to remove the appendix are less susceptible to ulcerative colitis.

Classification of ulcerative colitis

Depending on the location of UC, it can be:

Depending on the severity of the disease, there are three forms:

Depending on the nature of its course, nonspecific ulcerative colitis is divided into:

Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis

IN clinical picture define three main syndromes: stool disorders, hemorrhagic and pain. Then the general symptoms of ulcerative colitis are added:

anorexia;
nausea and vomiting;
weakness;
weight loss;
fever;
anemia.

The onset of the disease can be slow or acute. The most severe type is the rapid type of ulcerative colitis. It is almost always determined general defeat colon, the formation of severe complications (toxic dilatation of the colon, perforation) and most often requires urgent surgical intervention. The disease occurs quickly, and within 1-2 days a pronounced clinical picture matures.

You also need to keep in mind the possibility of immune-related extraintestinal manifestations: articular syndrome (including sacroiliitis), erythema nodosum, uveitis, episcleritis, iridocyclitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, fatty liver, urolithiasis(urates, oxalates), hypercoagulation, amyloidosis.

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis, which progresses slowly, are manifested exclusively by rectal bleeding. Bleedings, for the most part, begin from small ulcers of the colon.

The disease is accompanied heavy bleeding if inflammation extends proximally to a significant segment of the colon. A significant proportion of patients have an increase in the frequency of bowel movements (in especially serious cases, up to 15 times a day). Often, when you urge, only bloody mucus comes out.

At the onset of the disease, which occurs in the form of proctosigmoiditis, there is constipation, most often due to contractions sigmoid colon. Pain occurs in 2/3 of patients and, as a rule, is aching in nature.

The location of the pain is determined by the extent of the pathological process (usually in the left side of the abdomen). In most patients, the severity of pain intensifies 40-80 minutes after eating.

Subsequently, the dependence of pain on food intake disappears (the gastrocolytic reflex fades, when intense intestinal peristalsis begins immediately after a meal). Bad feelings in patients cause tenesmus, characterized by pain in the rectum along with incomplete emptying intestines.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

In the treatment of ulcerative colitis it is prescribed different variants diets that inhibit intestinal transit (4, 4a, 46), rich in protein, with limited fat. With a rapid progression of the disease, the patient needs parenteral nutrition.

There are three main groups of drugs:

aminosalicylic acid derivatives (sulfasalazine, mesalazine);
glucocorticoids;
immunosuppressants.

For non-severe types average dose sulfasalazine is 4-8 g/day, mesalazine is 2-4 g/day. When the effect is achieved, the dose is reduced. Patients continue to take a maintenance dose (1.5 g/day) (up to 2 years).

Taking mesalazine is better due to a small number of side effects (mainly with long-term use). Medicines can be taken topically, in suppositories and microenemas.

At severe form or the absence of action of aminosalicylic acid derivatives, hormones are prescribed, for example prednisolone orally at a dose of 1 mg/kg. At acute course Prednisolone (at a dose of up to 240-360 mg/day) or hydrocortisone (at a dose of up to 500 mg/day) is prescribed parenterally for 5-7 days with a further transition to oral administration.

For resistant forms of ulcerative colitis, immunosuppressants are used - methotrexate (25 mg intramuscularly 2 times a week), azathioprine (2 mg/kg/day) or mercaptopurine (50 mg/day). The duration of the course is usually 12 weeks.

On the use of antidiarrheal drugs there is different views. Some researchers do not recommend them due to the likelihood of toxic dilatation of the colon and low therapeutic effect.

When treating nonspecific ulcerative colitis, dysbiotic disorders are corrected. Hyperbaric oxygenation, plasmapheresis and hemosorption are successfully used.

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis

Indications for surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis are suspicion of intestinal perforation proven by clinical features, the impossibility of targeted complex therapy for toxic dilatation of the colon, infrequent cases of profuse intestinal bleeding, the ineffectiveness of persistent complex conservative treatment, cancer with a chronic inflammatory process.

Complications of ulcerative colitis

Most patients can have long-term remissions. In patients with generalized bowel disease, the risk of colon cancer increases after 10 years of illness. The probability assessment is serious for complications of ulcerative colitis.

Local complications:

perforation;
profuse bleeding;
toxic dilatation of the colon;
strictures;
malignancy.

General (systemic) complications:

reactive arthritis;
stomatitis;
ankylosing spondylitis;
hepatitis.

Diet for ulcerative colitis

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is characterized by inflammation of the rectum and colon with frequent bleeding, impaired absorption processes in the intestines, large loss of protein in feces. Patients often experience anemia (anemia), disorders metabolic processes, exhaustion of the body, allergic reactions and other changes.

The nutrition of patients depends on the manifestations and nature of the disease. During the acute stage, calorie content daily ration limited by fats and carbohydrates while maintaining normal protein content and an increased amount of B vitamins, ascorbic acid, vitamins A and K, potassium salts, calcium. For intestinal bleeding, it is necessary to introduce foods rich in vitamin K and calcium.

In case of exacerbation of the disease, a diet is recommended that helps reduce the inflammatory process in the intestines and restore its impaired functions, as well as those organs that are more often involved in pathological process. Food is boiled, steamed, eaten 4–5 times a day, the temperature of hot dishes is 57–62 °C, cold dishes are not lower than 15 °C.

In general, diet therapy for exacerbation of chronic colitis and nonspecific ulcerative colitis corresponds to that for chronic enteritis; tables No. 4b, 4, 4c are used. Assign fractional meals 6-7 times a day; in case of severe exacerbation, therapeutic fasting can be carried out during the first 1-2 days in the hospital.

And at home therapeutic nutrition includes slimy soups, weak meat broths, pureed porridges in water, boiled meat in the form of steam cutlets and meatballs, soft-boiled eggs, boiled river fish, jelly, sweet tea.

Gradually, as the condition improves, boiled and crushed vegetables and fruits (puree) are introduced into the diet, which are then replaced with fresh ones.

White wheat bread freshly baked, dry biscuits, once a week savory buns or rolls with jam, boiled meat, apples.

Soups made with weak, low-fat meat and fish broths, cereals, with vermicelli, quenelles, meatballs, croutons, and finely chopped vegetables.

Lean meats (beef, veal, chicken, rabbit, turkey) in the form of steamed cutlets, soufflés, rolls, tender boiled meat in pieces. Lean fish in pieces and boiled and steamed minced fish products.

Potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin, cauliflower boiled and pureed, ripe tomatoes for garnish (no more than 100 g), green pea(individually).

Well-cooked viscous porridge in water, weak broth, 1/3 milk or 10% cream (except corn, pearl barley, millet), boiled vermicelli.

Steam omelet, 1-2 soft-boiled eggs, egg in dishes.

Kissels, jellies, mousses, souffles, dried fruit compotes (without fruit), marmalade, cookies, apples, if well tolerated - raw grated apples, sweet ripe berries(strawberries, raspberries, wild strawberries, blueberries). Berry and fruit juices half with boiled water (preferably hot).

Fresh fermented milk drinks 100–150 g 2 times a day at room temperature, natural milk only in dishes and in small quantities, fresh non-acidic sour cream in dishes, mild cheese (preferably “Russian”) grated with boiled vermicelli.

Freshly prepared natural cottage cheese, curd paste, steam curd pudding.

Dill, parsley, Bay leaf, white and fruit sauce.

Natural tea, milk tea, black coffee, rosehip infusion.

Natural butter for dishes, with bread or crackers.

White cabbage;
beet;
Bell pepper;
eggplant;
radish;
radish;
sorrel;
spinach;
mushrooms;
carbonated drinks.

During the period of exacerbations subsiding, nutrition should be complete, with a high protein content, a normal amount of carbohydrates, rich in vitamins, potassium and calcium salts.

For nonspecific ulcerative colitis, the diet should be moderately mechanically gentle, satisfy the body’s needs, contain increased amount squirrel. The latter is necessary to eliminate protein deficiency in the body, which often occurs with this disease.

Sample diet menu

Prevention of ulcerative colitis

Since this disease has serious complications It should not be taken lightly. It’s worth protecting yourself from this kind of trouble in advance. Proper nutrition is the key to health. So in this case it is the best prevention colitis

It is necessary to chew food thoroughly while eating; Monitor the condition of your teeth, eat foods rich in vitamins and minerals.

Monitor your gut health. The stool should be regular. Treat any problems related to the digestive system in a timely manner.

Avoid heavy physical activity.

Always enjoy life and eliminate stress from your life.

News active image life, in which it is necessary to include an activity physical exercise. In case of chronic colitis, to prevent exacerbations, it is necessary to follow a diet not only during the exacerbation period, but throughout life.

You will forever have to forget about sausages, fatty meats, marinades, and smoked meats.

Alcohol and tobacco can also trigger a relapse of the disease.

In a word, all foods that are poorly absorbed in the intestines and cause increased gas formation are excluded from the patient’s diet.

The question involuntarily arises, what is possible then? Products useful for any type of colitis:

Meat - lamb and chicken.
Boiled or baked vegetables.
You can only eat yesterday's bread, not fresh.
Soups cooked with low-fat broth.
Fruits - apples, pears without peel, raw or baked in the oven.
Dairy products – kefir, sourdough, bifidok.
During the day you need to drink 2 liters, but singing while eating is strictly prohibited.
You need to drink water 15-20 minutes before meals or 2 hours after meals.
Strong tea and coffee should also be excluded from the diet.

Proper nutrition allows you not only to stay healthy, but also to support an already weakened body from the onset of illness. If you do not follow nutritional prevention measures, you can pay a fairly high price for it.

Questions and answers on the topic "Ulcerative colitis"

Question:Hello, I'm 18 years old. I have nonspecific ulcerative colitis. Tell me, can malaise and general poor health often occur with this disease? And is it possible to live a full life with this disease?

Answer: During the period of exacerbation of nonspecific ulcerative colitis, poor health and malaise are possible. Modern methods of treating UC make it possible to achieve long-term remission or completely stop the disease, so you have every chance of living a long and fulfilling life.

Question:Hello, I have ulcerative colitis, mild course. I was prescribed to take Salofalk in microgranules. Tell me, can salofalk cause side effects such as nausea and headache?

Answer: Yes, Salofalk can cause these side effects, but they should pass soon.

Question:Good afternoon, I am asking for help in solving a problem, but I have this: for a week, a 27-year-old man has had bloody stools, while the temperature is normal 36-6, there is no vomiting or nausea, periodically there is short-term pain in the lower abdomen, after going to the toilet it passes. Stool color varies from normal to dark. Used for treatment Activated carbon and the last two days tetracycline. Please advise medications for treatment.

Answer: The situation you described requires immediate medical attention: bloody or black stools are signs of intestinal bleeding. The patient must be examined. There is no point in treating it if the diagnosis is not known. He may have dysentery, ulcerative colitis, stomach ulcer, etc.

Question:I am 47 years old. Over the past month, pronounced blood has appeared in the stool three times. The last time blood was present was for several hours (in the evening). In the morning there were no traces. What could it be? What measures can you take on your own?

Answer: The presence of blood in the stool may be a sign of hemorrhoids, fissures anus, intestinal tumors or ulcerative colitis. You should see a proctologist as soon as possible (don’t waste a day!) and undergo an examination. Any delay can be very dangerous.

Question:Hello, Doctor. I am 28 years old. Seven months ago I gave birth to my second child. A month ago I was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis-proctitis (20 cm). And to be honest, this is like a death sentence for me. I would really like to know: 1. Is it true that this cannot be cured and will need to be treated for the rest of my life. Now I am taking PENTAS suppositories. 2. Does medicine even have anything to offer that could help me (for example, surgery) or at least keep this disease under control (so that it doesn’t get worse). 3. What kind of prospects do people with this disease have? To be honest, I’m very worried - I can’t find a place for myself.

Answer: This diagnosis is not a death sentence. It is often possible to choose a treatment in such a way that you can forget about the disease for many years. However, you just can’t forget about it - if you don’t follow your lifestyle and diet, it will immediately make itself known. The problem is that the exact cause of this disease is still not known. It is believed that this is due to serious disorders of the immune system, but this is not 100% proven. Until the cause of the disease is found, you understand, it will not be possible to eliminate it. Today, only stable remission can be achieved. However, the causes of this disease and new drugs are constantly being sought. Cheer up!

The disease nonspecific ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, occurs as a result of a combination genetic factors With external reasons, which aggravate symptoms and serve as a sign of disease. The disease tends to worsen and increases the risk of rectal or colon cancer. Timely diagnosis and the measures taken can improve the quality of life and prevent dangerous consequences.

What is ulcerative colitis

UC is accompanied by destruction of intestinal cells and tissues against the background of immunoglobulin deficiency, which provokes the penetration pathogenic microorganisms into the tissue with subsequent inflammation. The disease occurs in the proportion of 100 cases per 100 thousand population. The definition carries a collective semantic load; the disease is divided into forms depending on the location, which, according to international classification ICD-10 code K51.

Symptoms

Symptoms of UC in adults are wide range manifestations, which leads to the absence of serious concern for the patient and the expectation that “it will go away on its own.” In the opposite cases (fulminant colitis), the patient is sent straight to the hospital. You should contact a specialist if you notice the following symptoms:

Blood in the stool is the surest sign. These may be faint marks on toilet paper or bloody clots.
Fragments of mucus and purulent discharge in the stool.
Diarrhea, in which the number of diarrhea reaches 20 per day.
In case of defeat sigmoid region constipation is typical.
Tenesmus ( false urges to defecation). Often caused by accumulations of pus and mucus that come out instead of feces (rectal spit).
Flatulence.
Pain in the left side of the abdomen (left-sided colitis).
Against the background of intoxication, fever develops and the temperature rises.

Extraintestinal manifestations of UC

Lesions outside the intestine caused by UC are diverse. Some are caused by the ileocolitic form (Crohn's disease) - lesions in the oral cavity, others - chronic form enterocolitis. In total, extraintestinal manifestations occur in no more than 20% of patients. Typical ones include:

erythema nodosum(inflammation of blood vessels in the skin and subcutaneous fat);
pyoderma gangrenosum (skin necrosis);
symptoms aphthous stomatitis in the oral cavity in the form of erosions;
various lesions eye: conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, episcleritis, retrobulbar neuritis, choroiditis;
joint damage in the form of arthritis, increased fragility (osteoporosis) and softening of bones (osteomalacia);
necrosis of a separate segment of bone tissue ( aseptic necrosis);
a third of patients experience lung damage;
disruption of the endocrine system leads to total damage to the liver, pancreas and biliary tract

Signs of ulcerative colitis of the intestine

As the disease progresses, damage to the mucous membranes intensifies, which leads to the formation of ulcers, sometimes penetrating to the layer muscle tissue. At chronic course peptic ulcer conglomerates of cells (inflammatory polyps) appear, which are formed during the restoration of the affected intestinal epithelium. In severe forms of the disease, the colon thickens, its lumen narrows, and haustra (wall protrusions) disappear. In the acute phase, capillaries dilate in the mucosal epithelium and hemorrhages occur, leading to ischemic necrosis.

Causes

The exact etiology of the disease has not yet been established. There is a correlation between the psycho-emotional state that provokes the disease. Today, experts are seriously discussing three conceptually acceptable options:

Genetic predisposition, including autoimmune disorders. There are a number of studies documenting large quantity patients are the same gene mutations. However, not all people with similar pathologies susceptible to illness.
Infectious pathology.
Unfavorable factors external environment: strong contraceptives, strict diets.

Classification

For a systemic classification of UC, it is best to refer to the system of international classification of diseases. In accordance with this system, the disease is divided into forms:

Chronic ulcerative enterocolitis (damage to the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines) – K51.0.
Chronic ulcerative form ileocolitis, also known as Crohn's disease (damage to the ileum and colon) – K51.1.
Chronic ulcerative form of proctitis (lesions of the rectal mucosa) – K51.2.
Chronic ulcerative form of sigmoiditis (lesions of the sigmoid colon) – K51.3
Pseudopolyposis (restructuring of intestinal mucous tissues, their dysplasia) – K51.4.
Proctocolitis of mucosal type (damage to the rectum, sigmoid and descending part of the transverse colon, including the splenic angle) – K51.5.

Diagnostics

A gastroenterologist can determine distal nonspecific colitis by examining the patient and detecting a number of specific signs. In addition to a visual examination, laboratory blood diagnostics are performed. The patient has a decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin (signs of anemia), an increased number of leukocytes, and C-reactive protein (which is an indicator of inflammation).

At immunological research In the blood of patients, an increase in the level of cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies is noted. The following instrumental methods are used:

endoscopy (rectosigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy) – detect the presence of ulcers, polyps, intestinal bleeding, atrophy of the colon mucosa;
X-ray - a contrast barium mixture is used, the patient is found to have dilation of the intestinal lumen and the formation of ulcers.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

Treatment for UC consists of integrated approach symptomatic in nature. The goals of therapy include eliminating immune inflammation with medications, maintaining remission with folk recipes and patient compliance with the diet, preventing the occurrence of local complications. If the methods of classical drug therapy do not help cure the patient or their effect is weak, a surgical operation is performed.

Conservative therapy

Treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis begins with taking medications. Popular groups of drugs are:

Antibiotics - used after surgery, for fevers and sepsis, toxic dilatation of the colon. From available medicines Trichopolum and Metronidazole are isolated at a dose of 10-20 mg/kg per day.
Immunosuppressants or cytostatics - prescribed when corticosteroids are ineffective or continuous treatment. Azathioprine, Methotrexate, Cyclosporine are prescribed. The dose is determined by the doctor (from 25 to 100 mg/day), the course of treatment is at least three months.
Immunomodulators - Timalin and Taktivin correct immunological imbalances, eliminate the inflammation process, and help cure the disease in a comprehensive manner.
Angioprotectors – Parmidine, Trental.
Enterosorbents – Polyphepan, Karbolen, Enterosgel, Vaulin.
Intestinal antiseptics– Intestopan, Furazolidone.
Antidiarrheal drugs – Almalox, Reasek, Imodium.
Enzymes – Mezim, Creon, Pancreatin.
Biological products (pre- and probiotics) – Lactobacterin, Bifikol.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

The first on the list of drugs for the treatment of colitis are non-steroidal drugs with anti-inflammatory effect and glucocorticoids. They are appointed individually and are divided into the following groups:

Aminosalicylic acid preparations are salicylates that inhibit the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. These include Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine, Pentasa.
Azo compounds – Olsalazin, Balsalazid, Salofalk, Mezakol. Available in the form of tablets, microenemas and rectal suppositories.
Hormone therapy glucocorticoids - used in the absence of the effect of salicylates, they are characterized by a rapid effect. The drugs are administered rectally or systemically. Popular drugs are Prednisolone and Methylprednisolone at a dose of 1-2 mg/kg body weight for a course of 10-20 weeks.

Diet

Great importance has a diet for ulcerative colitis of the colon. During periods of exacerbation, the patient is recommended to fast, only water is allowed. During long-term remission, you must adhere to the following nutritional rules:

reduce the amount of fat, increase the percentage of protein, include lean fish, meat, cottage cheese, eggs in the diet;
give up coarse fiber, bananas, milk, chocolate, coffee, citrus fruits, strawberries, red apples, baked goods, spicy foods;
carbohydrates allowed include porridge, honey, jelly, jellies, compotes, and decoctions;
with high severity of lesions, the patient is transferred to parenteral and enteral nutrition;
as astringent use pomegranate juice.

Treatment with folk remedies

Chronic colitis is accompanied by diarrhea and constipation, recipes will help cure them traditional medicine:

Mix chamomile and yarrow in a 5:1 ratio, add equal amounts of nettle, St. John's wort and rose hips. Brew a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of water or place in a water bath. Drink a glass before meals to stop diarrhea and bleeding and prevent putrefaction.
To restore intestinal motility, mix equal amounts of herbs: chamomile, honey, nettle, mint, valerian root, blueberries. Pour three tablespoons into a thermos with three glasses of boiling water overnight. Drink a glass before meals.
To treat swelling, quickly restore cells and heal wounds, it is recommended to do microenemas with sea buckthorn oil. Take 50 ml of oil into a bulb and insert it into the rectum while lying down at night. In the morning, empty your bowels and drink 1-2 tablespoons of oil on an empty stomach.

Surgery

If conservative treatment does not help, surgical intervention is indicated. Types of operations are colectomy (removal of the colon or part thereof), proctocolectomy (removal of the rectum and colon), proctocolectomy with ileostomy (without preserving the anus). The reasons for the operation are:

Colitis is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the colon. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease of the colon with the development of ulcers in the mucous membrane and hemorrhages. There are acute and chronic colitis. Colitis is usually a long-term disease in which inflammatory and dystrophic changes develop mainly in the mucous membrane of the colon.

The photo shows a severe form of ulcerative colitis of the sigmoid colon

Acute colitis is most often caused by dysentery microorganisms, salmonella, staphylococci, streptococci, or occurs as a result of exposure to allergens or toxins.

Causes of ulcerative colitis.

The causes of its occurrence are not reliably known. The normal functioning of the large intestine is disrupted by pathogenic microorganisms (salmonella, staphylococci, streptococci, etc.), causing stagnation of intestinal contents; foci of infection in the gallbladder, pancreas and other organs anatomically related to the intestines; systematic consumption of indigestible, spicy foods, alcohol; chronic constipation, leading to the accumulation of heavy fecal residues that are not completely eliminated; Laxatives can only increase colon irritation. Other causes: allergic reaction to certain foods, use of antibiotics, neuro-emotional disorders, stress.

Exacerbations occur after physical and nervous overstrain. Women get sick more often. Damage to the intestine can be throughout its entire length - total or only in a separate area - segmental. The rectum is also affected.

Symptoms of colitis

Pain in the lower abdomen (around the navel), bloating, diarrhea, mucus (sometimes blood) in the stool, fever (acute colitis); general malaise, poor appetite, nausea, cramping abdominal pain with a strong urge to defecate, diarrhea alternating with constipation (chronic colitis).

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis.

Patients report diarrhea, bleeding from stool, and abdominal pain. Less commonly, an admixture of pus can be found in the stool. General well-being is disturbed, accompanied by decreased appetite, apathy, weight loss, and increased body temperature up to 37.5 °C. The disease can be very severe, accompanied by bleeding from ulcers and perforation of the wall.
intestines. The course of the disease is most often long-term and requires constant maintenance therapy.

Symptoms of acute colitis.

Cramping pain in the abdomen, bloating, diarrhea mixed with mucus and sometimes blood, fever up to 38-39°C. Vomiting may occur.

Chronic colitis can occur as a result of acute inflammation or due to the presence of foci of infection in the gallbladder, pancreas and other organs, as well as malnutrition, abuse of spicy foods, and alcohol.

Symptoms of chronic colitis.

Poor appetite, nausea, general malaise, flatulence. Abdominal pain often does not have a clear localization, is cramping in nature, is accompanied by a strong urge to defecate, and radiates to the lower back and groin. The nature of the stool may change: sometimes diarrhea, sometimes constipation.

Traditional methods of treating colitis.

Medicines: antibacterial, enzymatic, enveloping, analgesic. Selection of an individual diet. The diet should be gentle, rich in vitamins, complete.

During the period of exacerbation, it is necessary to observe bed rest and a diet that includes fruits and vegetables, pureed mucous soups, cereal porridge with water, boiled meat (minced meat, steamed cutlets, meatballs), boiled fish. Dairy products are excluded. In severe cases, surgery is necessary.

Home remedies for colitis

For colitis, drink whey from cheese 2 times a day.

Take 20 drops of 30% alcohol infusion propolis, diluting them in 0.5 cups warm water or milk, 3 times a day 1 hour before meals. At the same time, adhere to the diet recommended by your doctor. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks. The condition usually improves after 5-10 days of treatment.

Herbs and mixtures for the treatment of colitis

Brew 4 teaspoons of raspberry leaves or berries with 2 cups of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 0.5 cups 4 times a day before meals for colitis and stomach bleeding.

Mix 1 teaspoon each of centaury herb, sage leaf and chamomile flowers. Brew the mixture with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 1 tablespoon every 2 hours. After 1-3 months, reduce the dose, lengthening the intervals between doses of the infusion. Treatment is harmless and can be long-lasting. Used for colitis.

Pour 2 tablespoons of peppermint leaves with 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain. Drink 0.5-1 glass 15-20 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day to treat colitis.

Pour 2 tablespoons of wild strawberry leaves with 2 cups of boiling water. Insist. Take 2-3 tablespoons for colitis.

Take 20 g of dry peels or 50 g of fresh pomegranate with seeds, simmer over low heat for 30 minutes, add 1 glass of water, strain. Take 2 tablespoons 2 times a day. Helps with allergic colitis and enterocolitis.

Pour 100 g of yarrow herb into 1.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 18 hours in a sealed container. Strain the infusion and boil until it evaporates to 0.75 liters. Add 1 tablespoon of alcohol and 1 tablespoon of glycerin, stir well. Take 30 drops 30 minutes before meals. The course of treatment for colitis is 1 month.

Pour 1 tablespoon of bird cherry fruits with 1 glass of boiling water, cook for 5 minutes over low heat, leave for 2 hours, strain. Drink 0.25 cups 2-3 times a day for colitis.

Attention! Fruit seeds cannot be crushed; they contain a toxic substance.

Pour 1 tablespoon of rhizomes and roots of Burnet officinalis into 1 glass hot water, boil for 30 minutes, leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 5 times a day before meals for colitis.

Take 25 g of cinquefoil erecta rhizomes, 20 g of blueberry leaves and fruits, 55 g of chamomile inflorescences. Leave 1 teaspoon of the mixture in 1 glass of cold water for 6 hours, cook for 5-7 minutes, strain. Drink the entire infusion in small sips throughout the day for colitis.

Take equal quantities of gray alder catkins, cinquefoil rhizomes, and stinging nettle root. Take 50 g of the mixture, leave for 10-12 hours in 1 liter of cold water, cook for 10-12 minutes and strain. Drink 1 glass of hot infusion on an empty stomach, the rest - throughout the day in 4 doses. Use for chronic colitis.

Take equal parts of peppermint leaves, chamomile inflorescences, and cinquefoil rhizomes. Infuse 1 tablespoon of the mixture for 30 minutes in 1 glass of boiling water, strain. Take 1 glass 2-3 times a day for colitis.

Take equal parts of a wormwood leaf and a medicinal sage leaf. Infuse 1 tablespoon of the mixture for 30 minutes in 1 glass of boiling water, strain. For colitis, take 1 tablespoon every 2 hours.

Take equal amounts of oregano herb, shepherd's purse herb, knotweed herb, motherwort herb five-lobed, common yarrow herb, St. John's wort herb, stinging nettle leaf. Pour 2 tablespoons of the mixture into a thermos overnight with 2 cups of boiling water, strain. Drink 0.5 cups 3 times a day for chronic colitis.

Pour 1 teaspoon of crushed herb fumyana officinalis with 1 glass of boiling water, leave for 5 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals for nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

Attention! Smokeweed is poisonous. Strictly observe the dosage.

Folk remedies for the treatment of colitis:

Pour 80–100 g of dried watermelon rinds with 2 cups of boiling water, leave and strain. Drink 1/2 glass 4-6 times a day. The infusion is used for acute and chronic inflammation large intestine.
10 g of fennel fruits are poured into a glass of boiling water, heated in a water bath for 15 minutes, cooled, filtered and the volume adjusted to 200 ml. Drink 1/3–1/2 cup 3 times a day for chronic spastic colitis.
If colitis worsens, you can take an herbal infusion along with the treatment and diet prescribed by your doctor. Brew a mixture of 1 teaspoon centaury, 1 teaspoon sage and 1 teaspoon chamomile in 1 glass of boiling water. Cover the glass with a saucer, let the infusion cool and strain it. Take 1 tablespoon 7–8 times a day, depending on how long the patient is awake. The duration of treatment is from 1 to 3 months. After this, the dose is reduced, and the time intervals between doses of the medication are increased.
For chronic gastric diseases - gastritis, ulcers, and inflammation of the colon - you need to eat up to 8 g of propolis every day for a month. It should be chewed for a long time, best on an empty stomach. In case of allergies, do not stop treatment.
For colitis and enteritis, take a decoction of 15 g of gray alder bark in a glass of water, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. Or a tincture of 25 g of bark per 100 g of alcohol or per glass of vodka - 30-40 drops 2-3 times a day.
Mix the leaves of medicinal sage, peppermint leaves, chamomile herb and St. John's wort, and the fruits of caraway seeds equally. Pour two tablespoons of the mixture into a thermos overnight with 1 cup of boiling water and strain. Drink 1/2 glass 3-4 times a day.
Pour 100 g of common yarrow herb into 1.5 liters of boiling water and leave for 8 hours in a closed enamel container. Strain the infusion and boil until it evaporates to 75 ml. Add 1 spoon of alcohol and 1 spoon of glycerin and stir well. Take 25-30 drops 30 minutes before meals. The course of treatment is 1 month.
Prepare a set of the following ingredients: cinquefoil rhizome - 20 g, knotweed rhizome - 20 g, chamomile inflorescences - 20 g, plantain leaves - 25 g, blueberry fruits - 25 g. Brew a tablespoon of the mixture like tea in a glass of boiling water and strain . Drink the entire infusion throughout the day.
Collect the following components in equal proportions: oregano grass, shepherd's purse, knotweed, motherwort pentaloba, common yarrow, St. John's wort, stinging nettle leaf. Pour two tablespoons of the mixture into a thermos overnight with 2 cups of boiling water, strain in the morning. Drink 1/2 glass 3 times a day for chronic colitis.
It is recommended to take 1 teaspoon of onion juice 3-4 times a day for inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Pour two tablespoons of mint leaves into 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes and strain. Drink 1/2–1 glass 15–20 minutes before meals 2–3 times a day.
Collect the components in the indicated quantities: St. John's wort herb - 25 g, centaury - 25 g, wormwood leaves - 25 g, horsetail herb - 25 g, angelica rhizome - 25 g, peppermint leaf - 10 g, rhizome with roots valerian officinalis – 10 g. Infuse two tablespoons of a mixture of the first 5 listed herbs in 0.5 liters of hot red wine for 10–15 minutes, then add the remaining 2 plants (1 tablespoon each) to the wine and infuse for another 25–30 minutes. Take 2-3 tablespoons 3-4 times a day with a glass of water.
Prepare the ingredients in the following proportions: wild strawberry leaf – 6 parts, lemon balm leaf – 3 parts, thyme herb – 1 part, caraway fruits – 1 part, yarrow herb – 1 part. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture into a glass of boiling water, leave for 2 hours and strain. Take 1/3–1/2 cup 3 times a day before meals for gastroenteritis.
Take 20 g of dry peels or 50 g of fresh pomegranate with seeds, boil over low heat for 30 minutes in 200 ml of water. Strain thoroughly. Drink 2 tablespoons of the prepared broth 2 times a day. Pomegranate decoction- Very effective remedy for the treatment of allergic colitis and enterocolitis.
The fruit of gray alder, the rhizome of cinquefoil erect, the root of stinging nettle - equally. Leave 50 g of the mixture in 1 liter of cold water for 10–12 hours, boil for 10–12 minutes, strain. Drink a glass of hot infusion on an empty stomach, the rest during the day in 4 doses for chronic colitis.
Potentilla rhizome, chamomile flowers, stinging nettle leaf, blueberry leaf, peppermint leaf - equally. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture into a glass of water, boil for 20–25 minutes, leave for 20 minutes, strain. Take a glass 2-3 times a day for colitis.
Polish bittersweet leaf – 20 g, sage leaf – 20 g. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, leave for 25–30 minutes, strain. Take a tablespoon every 2 hours for colitis.

Diet for colitis.

In acute colitis, it is recommended to complete fasting for 1–2 days, after which gradually switch to a diet consisting of lightly processed or steamed vegetables, rice, oatmeal, as well as ripe fruits, cheese, boiled meat. Gradually add bread to the diet (but without bran), raw vegetables without peel. The pain may intensify when taking coarse vegetable fiber (cabbage, peeled apples, black bread), whole milk, sour cream, fatty foods, dry wines and champagne. Avoid foods with spices, seasonings, herbs.
The diet should contain normal amount proteins; It is advisable to limit animal fats.
The diet provides for sparing the intestines, increasing the regenerative abilities of its mucous membrane, eliminating fermentation and putrefactive processes, as well as metabolic disorders.

See also Diarrhea, Gastritis, Enterocolitis.

Vanga's recipes for colitis

Twice a day take the whey, which is obtained by squeezing the cheese. Fatty foods should be avoided.
Brew a glass of boiling water with centaury and chamomile (one teaspoon each). Drink one tablespoon every 2 hours, approximately 7 - 8 times a day. After some time (usually from one to three months), the dose is reduced, and the intervals between doses of the medication are extended. This medicine is considered harmless, and therefore can be treated for a long time.
Eat a little kernels between meals for 3 to 4 months. walnuts(70 g per day). Instead of water, it is advisable to use a decoction of comfrey root, galangal and flaxseed. Improvement occurs within a month, and after 4 months - recovery.
At acute colitis Starch microenemas are recommended: dilute 5 g of starch (potato, corn, rice) in 100 ml of cool water and, stirring, gradually add 100 ml of boiling water. Then cool to 40 degrees and insert into the rectum.
Microenemas made from chamomile with honey have a good effect on colitis. Brew 1 tablespoon of chamomile flowers with a glass of boiling water, after cooling, add 1 teaspoon of honey. Use 30 - 50 ml of solution. Course – 8 procedures.
Drink one teaspoon of onion juice 3-4 times a day before meals.
Decoction of bergenia roots and rhizomes: pour one tablespoon of crushed bergenia roots and rhizomes into one glass of boiling water, boil for half an hour in a water bath, strain. Drink two tablespoons 3-4 times a day.
Decoction of centaury, sage and chamomile: mix one teaspoon each of centaury, sage and chamomile, brew this mixture with one glass of water. Cover, cool and strain. For exacerbation of colitis, take one tablespoon 5-7 times a day.
Infusion of anise, fennel, licorice and buckthorn: mix 10 grams of anise fruit, 10 grams of fennel fruit, 20 grams of licorice root, 60 grams of buckthorn root. Pour one tablespoon of this mixture into one glass of boiling water. Leave for half an hour, strain. Drink a full glass morning and evening.
Infusion different herbs: mix chamomile flowers, fennel fruits, caraway fruits, gray alder fruits, peppermint herb, marshmallow root, St. John's wort herb, large plantain leaf, sandy immortelle flowers, leaves and fruits of Cassia aculifolia, taken in equal quantities. Pour one teaspoon of this mixture into one glass of water, boil, and leave for two hours. Take 0.5 cups three times a day before meals. Use for the treatment of chronic spastic colitis.
Tea from viburnum berries: pour one tablespoon of viburnum berries with one glass of boiling water, leave, strain. Take one quarter glass four times a day half an hour before meals for colitis and enterocolitis.