The bladder is completely not. Incomplete emptying of the bladder in women and men, causes, treatment

The presence of residual fluid in the bladder after urination is considered a sign of disease genitourinary system.

If the patient does not completely empty the bladder, then he experiences a number of symptoms that significantly worsen the quality of life. In this case, it is very important to quickly establish a diagnosis and begin treatment of the pathology.

In humans, urine is produced in renal tubules. They receive blood containing waste products. By pyelocalyceal system urine enters the ureter, from which it passes into the bladder. This organ is necessary to collect fluid and store it for a certain period of time until a sufficiently large portion has accumulated.

There are several types of muscle fibers in the bladder. The longitudinal ones ensure the expulsion of fluid from the organ, the transverse sphincter muscles retain urine in its cavity. At rest, the longitudinal fibers are relaxed and the transverse fibers are contracted.

After the organ is filled, a person has the urge to excrete urine. They begin when 150 ml of fluid accumulates. At this stage, the patient can still hold back urination. After the formation of 200-300 milliliters of urine, the act of excreting it is triggered reflexively.

In the presence of a full bladder, the sphincter suddenly relaxes and the exit to the urethra opens. At the same time, the longitudinal fibers contract, facilitating the release of the entire volume of fluid accumulated in the cavity of the organ.

Violation coordinated work muscles may cause the bladder to not empty completely. This symptom is considered a sign of pathology.

Why does the bladder feel full?

The reasons for incomplete emptying of the bladder are associated both with disruption of the genitourinary system and with pathologies of other organs and systems. Most often, the feeling of incomplete urination occurs when there is inflammation in the urinary organs.

The patient may have cystitis, an inflammation of the lining of the bladder. Against this background, swelling of the mucous membrane of the organ develops, the lumen of the hole through which urine is discharged out decreases. Due to the development of cystitis, fluid accumulates in the bladder cavity, which is why the patient develops symptoms.

Other things can cause a feeling of urine retention in the organ cavity. inflammatory disease– urethritis. The pathology is localized in the urethra. Swelling of the tissue in this area interferes with the normal flow of urine and contributes to its accumulation in the bladder.

Possible reason the occurrence of the symptom is urolithiasis. It is characterized by the appearance solid formations– stones. They can form in all parts of the urinary system. When stones form in the bladder, they can block the entrance to the urethra, which leads to impaired urine output.

More rare reasons Symptoms may be caused by the following diseases:

• tumors of neighboring organs that compress the bladder and interfere with its emptying;
• diseases of the spine (sciatica, herniated discs), in which the regulation of the urinary drainage process is disrupted;
• urethral stenosis;
• significant decrease in tone muscle tissue bladder walls;
• constant constipation, in which feces compress the urinary organs.

When establishing the causes of unpleasant sensations, it is necessary to take into account gender characteristics. Thus, in women, the appearance of symptoms can be caused by tissue growths in the uterus (fibroids, endometriosis), as well as ovarian cysts.

The feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder in men often indicates the presence of pathologies of the prostate gland - prostatitis or adenoma.

Associated symptoms

The feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is often accompanied by other symptoms:

• lower back pain, which can be cutting, stabbing or aching (the nature of the symptom is determined by the disease due to which it develops);
• dribbling of urine, involuntary release of small portions of urine;
• feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen;
• painful urination;
• increased temperature, fever, weakness;
• dysuria – urinary disorders.

The listed symptoms do not necessarily appear due to urinary disorders. Pain, a feeling of heaviness and other unpleasant manifestations indicate specific diseases; the doctor takes their presence into account when making a diagnosis.

Possible consequences of incomplete urine output

If the bladder is not completely empty of urine, this causes other problems with the urinary system. The fluid stagnates in the organ cavity, microorganisms begin to develop in it, which can cause an inflammatory process in the urethra and bladder.

Pathogenic bacteria spread up the urinary system, successively affecting the ureters and kidneys. Therefore, against the background of stagnation of urine, there may be serious illnesses kidneys, for example, pyelonephritis.

In exclusively in rare cases against the background of weakened immunity, generalization of the infection is possible - the development of sepsis. The patient's condition deteriorates sharply, and life-threatening damage is possible. important organs which will lead to death.

With absence specific therapy inflammation in the urinary organs becomes chronic. The patient will periodically experience exacerbations in which clinical picture intoxication - weakness, headache, sharp increase temperature.

Urine stagnation is especially dangerous for pregnant women. Expectant mothers may notice incomplete emptying of the bladder, which is explained by an increase in the size of the uterus. Against the background of this process, complications caused by the spread of infection throughout the body quickly develop.

In addition, when treating women, certain difficulties arise related to the selection of medications. Many effective antibacterial drugs It is strictly prohibited to use during pregnancy, as their use may adversely affect the development of the fetus.

Therefore, if symptoms of pathology appear, the expectant mother should urgently consult a specialist to prevent the development severe consequences.

Other possible complications associated with the effect of a full bladder on the organs that are located next to it. If urine excretion is impaired, the enlarged bladder puts pressure on them. This can, for example, lead to constipation.

Diagnosis of the disease

If a person does not empty their bladder, it is necessary to determine the cause of this symptom. A wide range of research methods are used to diagnose the disease:

• general clinical blood test. Changes against the background of inflammatory processes cellular composition blood of the patient - leukocytosis develops, younger elements predominate among white bodies. Due to infection, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases;
• general urine examination. Analysis is one of the most informative studies in diagnosing diseases. urinary system. It allows you to detect changes characteristic of certain pathologies. Thus, with cystitis and pyelonephritis, the content of leukocytes increases, in the case of urolithiasis- red blood cells. A result that corresponds to the norm is a reason to suspect the neurological nature of the disease;
• bacteriological analysis. A sample of the patient's urine is cultured for pathogenic bacteria. To do this, the material is placed in a nutrient medium and cultivated for several days. During the study, it is possible to accurately determine the type of bacteria that caused the disease, as well as determine which antibiotics it is sensitive to. This technique is widely used for the diagnosis of cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis;
• Ultrasound of the kidneys. An instrumental examination of the urinary system allows us to assess the condition of its organs. By using ultrasound diagnostics it is possible to identify pathological formations that occur in a patient with urolithiasis;
• cystoscopy. For accurate diagnosis used endoscopic examination– examination of the bladder cavity using special equipment. An endoscope with a camera is inserted into the organ through the urethra. The sensor transmits an image to the device screen, and the doctor can see the signs pathological changes bladder and establish a diagnosis.

If necessary, other instrumental and laboratory methods can be used for diagnosis. For example, when other methods are ineffective, MRI and CT are often used. These studies provide a layer-by-layer image of all organs of the urinary system. The high information content of these research methods makes it possible to determine the disease even in the most difficult diagnostic cases.

Treatment

If the bladder does not empty completely, the patient needs specific treatment. The choice of therapy is determined by the disease that caused the disturbances. In the presence of infectious processes(for cystitis, pyelonephritis), the patient is prescribed antibacterial agents.

The selection of a specific drug depends on the type of pathogen. It can be accurately determined only after urine culture. Before receiving the results of this analysis, the patient is prescribed a drug wide range action, which is then replaced by a more narrowly targeted drug.

Antibiotics must be prescribed by the attending physician. It is strictly prohibited to use these drugs on your own, as their uncontrolled use can cause severe side effects.

If the bladder does not empty due to urolithiasis, it is necessary to remove the stones from the organs of the urinary system. This often requires surgery. Small formations that can easily come out naturally, can be eliminated with non-surgical methods.

This is done by dissolving the stone. special drugs or crushing it into fragments using special devices. The method of treatment is selected by a specialist, taking into account the characteristics of the disease, the characteristics of the stone and general condition sick.

If incomplete emptying of the bladder in women is associated with neurological disorders, then treatment will include taking drugs that restore normal innervation of the bladder.

In addition to treating the underlying disease, to alleviate the patient’s condition, it is prescribed symptomatic therapy. In the presence of severe pain, antispasmodics are used. If the temperature is elevated, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used.

To relieve pain, you can use folk recipes, but they should not replace a full-fledged drug therapy. Techniques traditional medicine help eliminate the symptoms, but the disease itself will continue to progress. Therefore, self-medication without following the doctor’s recommendations is fraught with serious consequences.

After completion of therapy, the patient is prescribed a course of rehabilitation. It includes:

• physical therapy, special gymnastics;
• massage;
• physiotherapeutic procedures;
• long walks in the fresh air;
• therapeutic diet, limiting the consumption of harmful foods;
• correct drinking regime, in some cases – limited intake of liquid and salt.

Complete rehabilitation provides fast recovery patient and prevents the development of complications. Preventive procedures are aimed at combating the relapse of the disease and the transition of the pathology to a chronic form.

Conclusion

Thus, incomplete excretion of urine is a sign that indicates a dysfunction of the urinary organs. When there is a feeling of incomplete emptying, especially persistent long time, you need to see a doctor and undergo all the necessary examinations.

Ignoring the symptom long absence treatment can cause a number of serious consequences that significantly reduce the patient’s quality of life.

With diseases of the genitourinary system, patients often complain of incomplete emptying of the bladder, and the doctor has to perform differential diagnosis between several diseases.

Reason this symptom may be the following diseases:

• acute and chronic cystitis,
• urethritis,
• in men – adenoma or inflammation of the prostate,
• stones in the bladder,
• benign and malignant neoplasms bladder (leukoplakia, cancer, polyps, etc.);
• neurogenic or overactive bladder;
• disruption of the innervation of the pelvic organs;
• small bladder;
• strictures (narrowing or fusion of the walls) of the urethra;
• inflammatory diseases of other pelvic organs, in which it is possible reflex irritation Bladder.

Pathogenesis of symptom occurrence

In some diseases, the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is caused by the presence of residual urine in the organ cavity.

This is especially true in cases where there is an obstruction to the outflow of urine (prostatitis, stones or urethral strictures).

Another cause of urinary retention may be hypo- or atony of the bladder. During urination, the bladder cannot contract enough to empty completely.

The most common cause of this condition is innervation disorders pelvic organs as a result of diseases spinal cord:

• radiculitis,
• spinal hernias,
• multiple sclerosis,
• spinal cord injuries.

The innervation of the bladder is also disrupted when severe course diabetes mellitus.

In other cases, the symptom is associated with excessive impulses that the brain receives. There is no real urinary retention.

Excessive irritation of the bladder wall is observed during inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs:

• salpingoophoritis in women,
• pelvioperitonitis,
• appendicitis,
• enterocolitis,
• sometimes pyelonephritis, although the kidneys are not pelvic organs.

When the bladder does not empty completely, in most cases this leads to overstretching of the walls of the organ, pain and a feeling of fullness in the suprapubic region. In addition, an enlarged bladder can be detected by palpation. Urine remaining in the bladder is a favorable environment for the growth of bacteria. Therefore, cystitis and urethritis, as well as ascending pyelonephritis, often develop.

Important: if you often have a feeling of insufficient bladder emptying, be sure to consult a doctor. This symptom can be a manifestation of many serious and dangerous diseases.

Differential diagnosis

To determine the real reason complaints of the patient, the doctor evaluates the accompanying symptoms.

Inflammatory diseases of the urinary system

Urethritis, cystitis and pyelonephritis are more common in women. These diseases differ from others by pain in the suprapubic region, pain, burning, and pain when urinating. Body temperature often rises and headache occurs. With pyelonephritis, abdominal pain and lumbar region, often one-sided. In these diseases, urine becomes cloudy or acquires a whitish tint.

Prostate pathologies

In men with prostatitis or prostate adenoma, the gland increases in size, squeezing the urethra. This leads to disruption of the outflow of urine and its retention. The patient may complain of pain in the lower abdomen, a weak and intermittent stream of urine during urination, and dripping of urine. Often these symptoms are accompanied by impotence. With adenocarcinoma of the prostate (malignant tumor), the patient loses body weight, there is prolonged low-grade fever (slight increase temperature). The same symptoms are characteristic of bladder tumors, but in these cases blood is often released in the urine.

Diseases of the female genital area

Women may feel insufficient emptying of the bladder with adnexitis. With this disease, body temperature may rise, nagging pain in left or right groin area, less often - on both sides. Sometimes there are pathological discharge from the genital tract.

When you contact your doctor, tell your doctor in detail about all your symptoms, as well as previous diseases and injuries

Urolithiasis disease

If there is a history of bladder stones, there is often renal colic or just severe lower back pain.

Neurogenic or overactive bladder

With these pathologies, patients are bothered by pain in the lower abdomen and an increased urge to urinate. Moreover, the urges can be very strong and even unbearable. These diseases, unlike acute inflammatory diseases, develop gradually and last longer.

Innervation disorders

Hypotension of the bladder is usually caused by injury or disease of the spinal cord. The difference between this condition is that, along with impaired urination, intestinal dysfunction (constipation) is observed. In addition, urinary and fecal incontinence often develops.

Studies necessary to clarify the diagnosis

If the patient is bothered by the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, the urologist prescribes the following tests:

• general clinical blood test;
• general clinical urine analysis;
• culture of urine on nutrient media to determine microflora;
• Ultrasound of organs located in the pelvis (bladder, prostate in men, uterus and ovaries in women), and kidneys;
• contrast urography;

In unclear cases, CT, MRI, radioisotope research urinary organs, etc. After assessment clinical symptoms Based on the examination results, the doctor makes a diagnosis and prescribes appropriate treatment.

Anatoly Shishigin

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Both men and women often have the feeling that when urinating, the bladder is not completely emptied. The feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder occurs if there is even only 50 ml of urine left in it, called residual urine. If there is no pathology urinary tract, the urge to deurinate appears when the bladder is full in a volume of 200 or 250 ml. The act of excreting urine depends entirely on a person's reflexes.

Normally, a lot of things happen in the genitourinary system various processes, which complement each other and form correct flow urine. When filling the bladder into the central nervous system a signal is given that he needs to be released. Further, during urination, the brain sends a signal to relax the sphincter and contract the muscles, while urine exits through the ureter and the bladder is emptied.

Causes of pathology

The feeling of an incompletely emptied bladder in women and men can occur for many reasons. The most common of them are the following:

• chronic and sharp forms cystitis;
• stones and any formations in the organ;
• phimosis in males, as well as prostate adenoma;
• benign and malignant formations in the bladder, cancer metastases;
• inflammatory processes in any organs of the pelvic area, in which the bladder reflexes are excited;
• abnormal small size Bladder;
• hyperactivity of the excretory system;
• damage to the innervation of the urinary system due to tumor or injury;
• infections introduced into the body that damage the kidneys;
• myelitis and other injuries of the spinal cord and brain, other pathologies of the nervous system;
• intoxication medicines in case of their long-term use or exceeding the dosage;
• for women – the state of pregnancy or the postpartum period;
• infection with herpes viruses;
• emerging urethral stricture;
• in elderly people - due to a natural decrease in the muscular functionality of the organ.

It should be noted that similar symptoms may occur due to taking alcoholic drinks, long stay at low temperature in a damp room, as well as in case of work disorders gastrointestinal tract and digestion. In women, the feeling of incomplete emptying occurs most often during inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system.

Development of the disease

In most cases, the development of the disease with characteristic symptoms incomplete emptying is associated with residual urine in the organ. As a rule, this occurs when there are stones in the urethral canal or fusion of the urethra, which prevents normal movement urine out of the body.

Pathogenetic factors also include hypotension or atony of the bladder, in which its walls cannot contract properly. One way or another, this is due to disruptions in the innervation of organs. There may be cases when the impossibility of complete emptying and getting rid of urine is due to psychological problems person.

Infections introduced into the body of various etiologies can cause excessive stretching of the walls of the organ, and the frame is also susceptible to increase in case of fluid retention inside. In this case, the patient feels fullness in the pubic area and acute pain. With such problems, the bladder cannot contract normally.

The reasons include organ hyperactivity, as a condition opposite to atony. In this case, the muscles of the bladder are in constant tone, which determines a person’s desire to spend frequent urination. Since there is little liquid in the tank, it comes out in insufficient quantities and is accompanied by feelings of incomplete emptying.

In pregnant women, the functioning of the organ is impaired due to the growth of the fetus, which puts pressure on all neighboring organs and systems. Also, in the body of the expectant mother, the genitourinary system does not have time to adapt to new conditions, due to which the bladder is constantly activated. In older people, problems with bladder tone occur after 60 years of age.

Pathologies

Of the pathologies, 2 types can be noted:

• complete retention of urine in the bladder, in which the patient cannot squeeze out a single drop. In this case, it is necessary to use catheterization;
• incomplete retention, in which the patient can urinate, but the fluid released is small and the procedure is not completed.

It is also necessary to note the factor of residual urine, when urination is interrupted in the middle of the process with the impossibility of continuing it.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of a full bladder are frequent urge to deurination, which occurs immediately after completion of the act of urination. The process itself is very painful, accompanied by discomfort and burning, as well as heaviness in the area above the pubis.

This occurs due to the stretching of the walls of the organs by a significant volume of fluid inside it. The psychological component is equally important, since the patient worries that he cannot leave the toilet and exercise business as usual. Fatigue, aggressiveness and irritability accumulate and only make the situation worse.

Men have special features pathologies, which include potency, periodic involuntary leakage of urine, its intermittent stream during urination. If the patient experiences general weight loss and lack of appetite, this indicates malignant formations in the prostate gland.

Cramping pain occurs with urolithiasis, especially if one of the stones or its fragments moves along urinary tract. Sediment appears in the urine, possible bleeding, hematuria.

Pain in the lower back, altered urine composition, and elevated body temperature are symptoms of developing pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis. With a frequent desire to empty the bladder, accompanied by burning and pain when urinating, there is a suspicion of the development of urethritis and cystitis.

Establishing diagnosis

In order to make a diagnosis of incomplete bladder emptying, several stages must be followed. The attending physician finds out the patient's medical history, asks him about the symptoms experienced and the condition before them. The presence of chronic diseases and previous surgical interventions is also important.

A woman needs to be told about menstrual cycle And last birth. The specialist palpates the area of ​​the bladder and when it is full, it is felt under the fingers. You can also visually observe its bulging.

Based on the data obtained, the doctor assumes that the bladder is full and prescribes additional examination. Laboratory research required for blood and urine, blood is also examined for biochemistry and bacteriological culture.

Urine is examined for microflora balance. Additionally, a urographic examination, cystoscopy, and pelvic ultrasound are required. If all these methods are ineffective, isotope techniques and MRI and CT scanning will be required.

Treatment methods

The prescription of a treatment regimen with drugs is made after diagnosis. If it is necessary to remove the infection that has caused the bladder to overflow, then antiviral and antibacterial drug therapy is required.

If the problem is urolithiasis, then drugs are used to dissolve stones and small stones. If they are very large, they need to be crushed instrumental methods, and then remove with diuretics.

For urethral stricture the only way elimination unpleasant symptoms will surgical intervention. At psychological factors that caused the disease, the patient is recommended to undergo psychotherapy and a course sedatives. For formations, both benign and malignant, it is necessary to perform excision of the tumor, possibly radiation and chemotherapy.

There are some ways to relieve the symptoms of the disease, which will make the patient feel much better:

№	Helpful information
1	When urinating, the patient is advised to relax; it is important not to squeeze the abdominal and bladder muscles
2	deurination requires solitude and a calm, comfortable place
3	When emptying your bladder, do not rush
4	light palm pressure on the area above pubic bone may slightly reduce pain and promote successful bowel movements
5	The sound of flowing water also psychologically promotes urination
6	When urinating, you should not interrupt the stream, as many do to train muscle function, as this will only aggravate the situation

If these methods do not help, the doctor inserts a catheter that can remove excess fluid and accumulated urine from the body. If urinary retention progresses to acute phase, catheterization is done urgently. To do this, the urethra is disinfected, the external opening is lubricated with glycerin or petroleum jelly and a catheter is inserted. Its terminal part is inflated, due to which it is attached.

Catheterization cannot be done with prostatitis and formations in the urethra.

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Incomplete emptying bladder pain is often perceived as a subjective sensation. But this may be one of the symptoms of diseases of the urinary system.

There are two options for developing this process. In the first case, it is truly a subjective sensation and the bladder is empty. In the second, the so-called true incomplete emptying of the bladder is observed. This is due to the fact that the exit of urine from the urinary canal is difficult. In men, the second variant of pathology is most common.

Main causes of pathology

Impaired urination - alarming symptom, the man should consult a doctor. The main reasons for this phenomenon:

Cause	Peculiarities
Benign prostatic hyperplasia	Sometimes it is called prostate adenoma. Hyperplasia is a nodular proliferation of gland cells under the influence of various external and internal factors. Most often occurs in men after 40 years of age. As the gland tissue grows, it blocks the urinary canals. But usually this happens in advanced stages of adenoma. Additionally, other symptoms are noted - urine is released literally drop by drop already at the end of the urination process, even for this you need to make an effort and strain the abdominal muscles. The urge to empty the bladder occurs sharply and suddenly, often a person simply cannot restrain them. Prostate adenoma is a disease that requires immediate medical attention
Prostatitis	A pathology that interferes with the normal flow of urine and causes a feeling of a full bladder. Just as with adenoma, the cause lies in the proliferation of prostate tissue, but in this case no tumors form. With prostatitis, there is an increase in temperature, signs of general intoxication - headaches, weakness, drowsiness, etc. Occurs pain syndrome in the groin area. The intensity of pain can vary, sometimes very strong, and almost always increases during urination. The stream becomes weak. The feeling of a full bladder is due to the fact that it actually does not empty completely.
Urolithiasis disease	Stones may become obstructed urinary structures. In such cases, there is acute urinary retention, but sometimes there is a feeling of a full bladder
Urethral strictures	May be a result congenital pathology, and as a result of injuries, bruises, diseases of the genitourinary system

If a false feeling of fullness occurs, the situation is most often associated with inflammation of the bladder and irritation of its walls. Cystitis occurs less frequently in men than in women, but the disease should not be ruled out. Exactly the same symptom is characteristic of urethritis. Sometimes a false sensation is caused by psychogenic factors.

Associated symptoms and diagnosis

Whatever pathologies of the urinary organs provoke this phenomenon, it is usually accompanied by a number of general symptoms. If we're talking about about the true overcrowding of the bladder, then a pain syndrome is characteristic, which is felt in the pubic area, genitals, radiates to the lower back or even anal hole. The pain is moderate in nature and is felt as aching or pulling. But their intensity increases after sexual intercourse or emptying the bladder.

The process of urination itself is disrupted. The stream decreases significantly, the urine pressure drops. Urination in almost any of these diseases is accompanied by pain or discomfort. At an advanced stage of the pathology, urinary incontinence is observed.

Erectile dysfunction. The reasons for this phenomenon are initially physiological, but over time they can be supplemented by psychological factors.

In order to determine specific disease, need to go full diagnostics. For this, an ultrasound is prescribed. It is performed immediately after urination to determine the degree of fullness of the bladder. Previously, catheterization was performed immediately instead; today it is carried out only when indicated.

The following are considered informative methods:

• contrast radiography of the bladder;
• cystoscopy to determine the presence of stones;
• uroflowmetry to assess the intensity of urination.

Treatment

Treatment for a full bladder involves eliminating the cause. this phenomenon. But it is necessary to accept Urgent measures to empty the bladder. For this, catheterization is performed.

Purpose drug treatment depends on the characteristics of the disease itself, the nature of its course, and the severity of symptoms.

For cystitis, antispasmodics (No-shpa, Drotaverine) are more often used to relieve pain.

For prostatitis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - Ibuprofen - are used for the same purposes. Men also experience neurogenic pain in the genitourinary system. For this purpose they are used various drugs, including neuromodulators, antidepressants, etc.

When treating prostatitis, alpha-blockers are prescribed - Terazosin, Tamsulosin, Alfuzosin. They relieve pain, reduce spasms, and promote urine outflow. Antibiotics are used at the same time to kill bacterial infection. Mainly drugs from the tetracycline group, Levofloxacin.

Since urinary retention in this case occurs due to strong tissue proliferation, when the process is advanced, its partial excision is prescribed. In case of adenoma, complete removal is possible.

When treating any of these diseases, you should not drink alcohol. Therapeutic exercises are often prescribed, but severe physical exercise limited. It is necessary to reduce the load on the muscles of the perineum, especially with adenoma or prostatitis. Acceptable types activities are walking, swimming in the pool.

Acute urinary retention (ischuria) in men - what is it and how to deal with it

Operations

For urolithiasis, which causes blockage of the urinary tract, conservative and surgical methods. But the first ones, which involve dissolving the stone with the help of citrate mixtures and preparations like Blemarin, are designed for a long period time and are only suitable for initial stage diseases.

In the future, especially if there is acute urinary retention, doctors prefer surgical methods as more reliable.

In the presence of urethral stricture, surgical methods are used. Laser correction is often used.

Folk remedies

Bladder treatment folk remedies is of an auxiliary nature. It is aimed at eliminating the disease that has become the root cause of the feeling of fullness. Such agents generally enhance the effect medications, or are used for symptomatic treatment.

Decoctions

For the treatment of prostatitis, a decoction of dried herb celandine. This remedy is used after completion complex therapy which consists of taking antibiotics, physiotherapeutic procedures and therapeutic exercises.After removal acute inflammation take the following medicine:

1. 1. Take 100 g of plant material per 1 liter of boiling water.
2. 2. Bring to a boil again and keep on low heat for about 15 minutes.
3. 3. Cool and filter through cheesecloth.
4. 4. Add 400 g natural honey, stirring it properly. Ready product stored in the refrigerator.
5. 5. Drink in small quantities, 1 tbsp. l. three times a day.

It is recommended to drink oat decoction (2 tablespoons per glass of boiling water). Take it 200 ml three times a day. The course of treatment with any home remedy will be very long, at least 2 months. When taking oats, you need to take a two-day break every 5 days.

Urethral stricture cannot be cured with folk remedies. But a decoction of lingonberry leaves, which has a diuretic and anti-inflammatory effect, will be effective during the period of remission to normalize the function of the genitourinary system. Prepare it in the standard way - 1 tbsp. l. leaves per glass of boiling water. Drink herbal remedy You can take it in the morning instead of tea, a cup a day is quite enough.

1. 1. Select 2 tbsp. l. crushed vegetable raw materials into 2 cups of boiling water.
2. 2. Leave for an hour and filter through cheesecloth before use. In a similar way, you can make tea from one chamomile - it relieves inflammation.

Sometimes, after relieving themselves, men have the feeling that the evacuation has not occurred completely. This phenomenon is often associated with chronic urinary retention syndrome. Residual urine in men is usually diagnosed when more than 50 ml of urine remains in the bladder after emptying. At times, the volume of residual urine amounts to liters.

General picture of pathology

Pathologies of the male genitourinary system are a group of very unpleasant diseases with similar characteristics. The feeling of unfinished urination also refers to similar manifestations. In fact, the presence of residual urine by urologists is regarded as genitourinary pathological sign rather than as a separate disease.

The main symptom of residual urine is a feeling of incomplete emptying when urinating. A similar syndrome can manifest itself as a two-stage urinary process, and some men even need to apply extra effort, straining your muscles to urinate fully. However, it happens that a man has no complaints about uncomfortable urination, although he has residual urine syndrome.

Common causes of residual urine

There can be many reasons for this condition:

1. Benign hyperplastic changes in the tissues of the prostate gland, in other words, prostate adenoma;
2. Urolithiasis, especially when the stones are localized in the bladder cavity;
3. Urethritis or inflammation urethra, narrowing or stricture of the urethra and other pathologies leading to difficulty passing urine through the urethra;
4. Cystitis of any origin and form;
5. Tumor processes in the bladder of a malignant or benign nature such as polyps, cancer, leukoplakia, etc.;
6. Innervation disorders of the pelvic organs;
7. Pathologies of the pelvic organs inflammatory in nature, which are characterized by the presence side effects like bladder irritation.

In general, a similar pathological condition is caused by various kinds difficulties with urinary outflow and neurogenic functional disorders. Since residual urine is regarded by experts only as pathological symptom, then in the absence therapeutic measures such a phenomenon can provoke the development of many complications such as renal failure, pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis, vesicoureteral reflux, etc. Therefore, the causes of incomplete urination should be identified in time and eliminated, then dangerous complications can be avoided.

Adenoma is to blame

Benign prostatic hyperplastic processes usually found in men over 45 and are manifested not only by impaired urinary outflow, but also by complete urinary stagnation. The pathology is the uncontrolled growth of the gland caused by age-related changes tissues with the formation of nodes, growths or compactions, etc. Gradually, the formed formation increases in size, however, metastasis is not observed, because hyperplasia is of a benign nature.

The main provoking factor, according to experts, is age, which increases the likelihood of adenoma. When overgrown tissues compress the urination channel, the patient begins to worry about the first manifestations of the disease - difficulty urinating and a feeling of incomplete emptying when relieving himself.

In addition, the patient complains of longer urination, frequent urges (especially at night), a thin and sluggish stream with interruptions towards the end of the urination process. When the pathology is neglected, painful sensations appear in the lower abdomen, drip urination, painful ejaculation, difficulty holding urine when urinating, etc.

Often the cause of residual urine is a neurogenic bladder - these are urinary disorders caused by disorders in the nervous system, which is responsible for urinary functions. Reasons neurogenic bladder may become spinal lesions (hernia or vertebrate pathologies etc.), brain pathologies (stroke, hemorrhage or tumor processes, Parkinson's syndrome, etc.), HIV, peripheral nervous system lesions (for example, diabetes or intoxication, etc.).

Symptoms of a neurogenic (hyperactive) bladder usually include:

• Frequent urge;
• Incontinence;
• Night urges;
• Urine leakage;
• Feeling of incomplete emptying, etc.

Usually the phenomenon of residual urine indicates the presence of spinal lesions in the area just above the sacrum. As a result, the urethral sphincter becomes tense, making urinary flow significantly more difficult. Treatment of a neurogenic bladder is based on a set of measures such as taking medications that correct nervous system activity, physiotherapeutic sessions, forced urination using tension in the abdominal muscle tissue, physical therapy exercises, and surgical actions.

Urolithiasis disease

One of the common causes of residual urine is cystolithiasis (or the formation of stones in the bladder), which is found much more often in men. Such a pathology can develop due to a number of internal or external reasons. Internal reasons are caused by chronic infectious foci, metabolic pathologies such as gout, traumatic factors or heredity. External factors factors that provoke cystolithiasis are poor diet, physical inactivity, occupational hazard or drinking regime.

Among the most characteristic manifestations Urolithiasis pathology is particularly characterized by pain in the half of the abdomen below the navel, radiating to the groin, perineum or penis and scrotum. During the process of urination, a sudden interruption of the stream may occur, after which the release of urine stops, however, the man feels that the emptying of the bladder has not yet been completed. In other words, there is a pronounced residual urine syndrome. If a man changes his body position, urination may suddenly resume.

Treatment is based on the elimination of stones, for which the patient can be prescribed stone-dissolving drugs that break stones into small particles, which are then natural ways come out with urine. The technique of lithotripsy or stone crushing is also popular. It is necessary to adhere to a specific diet, drinking regimen, rest and sanatorium treatment.

Urethral stricture

Residual urine often occurs due to pathological narrowing of the urethra. Stricture processes are characterized by the replacement of normal mucous layers of the urethra with scar tissue. Such changes lead to significant disturbances in urination. Many reasons can cause the development of such a disease:

1. Inflammatory genitourinary processes such as urethritis, etc.;
2. Burn damage to the urethra of a thermal or chemical nature;
3. Impaired blood supply to the urethral tissue;
4. Traumatic factors such as fractures of the penis or pelvic bones, injuries due to rough sex, blunt bruises of the perineum and groin, etc.;
5. Oncological diseases, radiation treatment;
6. Surgical errors like failure surgical intervention, unprofessional urological procedures (installation of a catheter, urethroscopy, installation of a penile prosthesis, etc.);
7. Congenital anomalies in the urethral structures.

In addition to residual urine, similar pathology accompanied by difficulties and painful symptoms when urinating, splashing of urine when emptying the bladder, frequent desire to urinate, etc.

If the cause is cystitis

Often the causes of residual urine are the development of cystitis - this is pathological condition bladder, which is typically characterized by the presence of inflammatory processes of various etiologies. Causes similar disease are quite numerous, however, the cause of cystitis is usually always an infection. Provocateurs of infection can be gonococci, chlamydia, pathogenic fungi, staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.

These microorganisms can enter the bladder through the bloodstream, although it also happens upward path infection. Often, inflammation of the bladder occurs as a complication against the background of untreated or untreated pathologies such as urethritis, pyelonephritis or prostatitis, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly begin treatment of various foci of an infectious nature.

The characteristic signs of cystitis are frequent desires urinate (literally every quarter of an hour). At the same time, the portions of excreted urine are significantly reduced. When the bladder empties, it occurs strong pain, resembling a burning or cutting sensation. In addition, the man complains about painful manifestations in the penis and perineum. Often the clinical picture of cystitis is supplemented by general organic intoxication.

Bladder tumors

Residual urine may also occur due to tumor processes in bladder tissues. Causes similar phenomenon often involve harmful professional conditions, nicotine addiction, radiation exposure, chronic urinary stasis, etc. The malignant nature of the tumor can be indicated by hematuric symptoms, incontinence, pain in the bladder and groin. In addition, the man begins to run frequently to relieve himself, and in the process of emptying the bladder he feels a burning sensation, cutting pain and discomfort. The urine produced often becomes cloudy, and general health the patient's condition worsens, hyperthermia and malaise appear, and general weakness in the body.

Residual urine, as can be seen, can arise due to many genitourinary diseases. Since such a condition is fraught with various kinds of complications, it is necessary to contact a urologist at the first manifestations, who will identify the etiology of the syndrome and make the necessary prescriptions.

Attention. Only timely actions will help quickly and without consequences solve the problem of incomplete emptying of the bladder, as well as avoid probable complications, both the syndrome itself and the reasons that caused it.