Products useful for children's health. Manual labor "Candy"

Children over the age of one necessary: milk and dairy products (butter, cottage cheese, sour cream), sugar, meat, fish, eggs, bread and various cereals, vegetables, as well as fruits and berries.
Milk is necessary product nutrition for a child However, its daily amount should not exceed 500-600 g, with an appropriate set of products, including milk included in various dishes. Milk should be given only in boiled form, part of the milk is recommended to be given in the form of kefir or curdled milk (from boiled milk). It is necessary to boil milk in a container under a lid, keep it on fire for 2-3 minutes from the moment of boiling, do not subject it to secondary boiling. Keep milk well closed, in the cold.
Cottage cheese contains complete protein; on the day when the child does not receive meat or fish, you can give cottage cheese in the amount of 50-60 g.
Butter is a complete fat for a child, so replacing it with vegetable oil or other fat is not recommended.

Children aged 1 to 3-4 years 30-35 g of butter should be given daily. Cheese is a complete protein product, but it should not be given more than once or twice a week for 15-25 g, and it can be grated to increase digestibility. Spicy cheeses are not recommended for children.

Sour cream for young children, only fresh is used. If sour cream is made from boiled milk, then it can be given to children without further heat treatment. Purchased (market) sour cream is recommended to give after boiling.

Eggs contain complete protein and fat. The yolk of the egg is rich in vitamins A and D. Children older than a year willingly eat soft-boiled eggs, fried eggs, etc. In the event that the child tolerates eggs well (there is no rash on the body and other painful symptoms), should be given to children older than a year to one and a half to two years, 1 egg every other day, and children older than two years, one egg a day.

Meat and fish contain complete proteins, they are recommended for children younger ages 4-5 times a week for 40-50 g. The best varieties of meat for children are: lean beef, chicken meat, game Lamb and pork, even for children older than one and a half years, it is recommended to be given with caution, since there is a lot of fat in lamb and pork, which can cause not only frustration digestive tract, but will also lead to a decrease in protein.
fish for baby food must be fresh or frozen, fleshy, low-fat (perch, catfish, pike, perch). When preparing fish dishes, all bones must be removed.

Bread rich in carbohydrates, contains a significant amount of protein, so it should not be given to children without restriction. Children aged from one to 3-4 years have enough bread per day 150-200 g. In addition to white bread and cookies, the child should also receive black bread, as it contains vitamin B and promotes better intestinal motility.

cereals contain a large number of carbohydrates, a significant amount of protein, and oat groats and fat. The child should receive a variety of cereals, no more than 50 g per day (along with pasta). However, a child should receive a cereal dish only once a day in order to avoid overloading the body with carbohydrates. Children who receive large quantities of cereals and bread give a rapid increase in weight, but the tissues of the body will be loose, and resistance to disease is sharply reduced. These children are more likely to get sick.

Vegetables are extremely important foods in children's nutrition. They do not have a high nutritional value, but they are rich in mineral salts, vitamins and contain fiber necessary for normal bowel activity. It should be borne in mind that one-sided nutrition with vegetables or overuse any of them are inappropriate. Children aged from one and a half to three or four years old can be given various vegetables up to 300 g daily.

Fruits and berries contain valuable vitamins and mineral salts. In addition, berries and fruits contain sugar and acids that favorably affect digestion. Dry fruits and dry berries are also valuable for baby food, they contain highly digestible carbohydrates. In some of them, for example in dried apricots, contains a fairly significant amount of carotene (provitamin A), rose hips contain vitamin C H, etc.

The quality and quantity of food. So that cooked food can bring the child maximum benefit, the following conditions must be met:

1) food in its qualitative composition must meet age characteristics child;
2) food should be prepared from fresh, good-quality products and only at one time, with maximum preservation valuable substances(mineral salts and vitamins);
3) food should be deliciously cooked and appearance it should excite the child's appetite;
4) food must be prepared in compliance with all hygiene rules, with maximum cleanliness;
5) volumetric quantities of food should correspond to the age of the child, that is, a child from one to one and a half years old at one time should receive an average of no more than 400 g, a child over one and a half years old - 500 g.

The health of a child is probably the most valuable thing in a mother's life. When the child is healthy and cheerful, the mother is also happy! But in the matter of strengthening the health of children, one should not forget about the eternal truth: "You are what you eat." It's hard to imagine healthy child, absorbing incredible amounts of fast food and sweets and washing it all down with soda. In order for the child to be healthy, it is necessary to think about healthy food for children. We will tell you how to cook healthy food and what can be considered healthy food for your child.

Healthy vegetables for kids

Vegetables are useful for any person - regardless of his age. Another thing is that you need to take into account the peculiarities of your own digestion before eating certain vegetables. What kind of vegetation is healthy food for children?

According to doctors, vegetables should form the basis of a child's diet. Of course, no one says to transfer children to vegetarian diet, but it is better to increase the amount of vegetables in the child's diet.

If your child is often sick, he needs products that are natural antibiotics. It can be carrot, apple, celery, onion and garlic, olive oil. But keep in mind that young children and children with digestive problems should not be given onions and garlic - at least in raw form. In this case, these vegetables can be boiled and gradually added to other dishes.

If your child is prone to anemia, broccoli and cauliflower. If your baby suffers from constipation, carrots and beets will benefit him. Fennel and dill will help from colic - decoctions of these herbs will save the baby from colic.

Very healthy food for kids is carrot and pumpkin. These vegetables strengthen eyesight and improve skin condition. Carrots and pumpkin can be stewed, grated and eaten raw, made from carrots and pumpkin salads. But remember - carotene is better absorbed with fat, so add olive, sunflower or butter to carrot and pumpkin dishes.

A very useful vegetable for a child is a tomato. Tomatoes contain a record amount of nutrients, however, they must be eaten carefully. One tomato a day is enough to recharge the child's body with useful substances. An excess of tomatoes can hit the digestive system, pancreas and liver hard, so children need to eat tomato dishes carefully.

Beloved by many children, baked potatoes have become such a desirable product for a reason. The fact is that a baked potato helps to reduce the manifestations of stress, calms and helps children cope with emotional overload. Baked potatoes are especially useful for first graders, children who have begun to walk in kindergarten and children exposed to other stresses.

The best way to introduce vegetables into your child's diet is to make vegetables into salads or stews. But in an effort to make the dish tastier, in no case add hot spices to it or great amount salt. Dill, parsley, celery, or bay leaf can be added to improve the taste of healthy foods for children.

Dairy and sour-milk products useful for a child

The digestive system of children sometimes fails, which manifests itself in the form of dysbacteriosis. The best remedies for dysbacteriosis and for the prevention of this unpleasant disease have long been recognized dairy products- First of all, kefir and yogurt. Let this healthy food for children always be in your refrigerator.

You can buy kefir, take it in a dairy kitchen or cook it yourself. This product contains calcium necessary for the child's body, normalizes digestion. There are many interesting dishes with kefir - and in summer, okroshka is a particularly common dish. You can simply drink kefir, mix with herbs or jam - the main thing is that the child likes it!

Yogurt - the best remedy from dysbacteriosis. Only for real healthy food for kids you can name not the yogurt that can be stored for a month or more, but live yogurt, which has a short shelf life (about a week). Such yogurt can be prepared at home or found in the store, after carefully reading the composition and obtaining information about its shelf life.

The list of useful products for children also includes hard cheese, which can be given to a child after a year. Hard cheese contains the substance tryptophan, which calms the nervous system and relieves stress. True, it is worth remembering that cheese is enough heavy product so it must be consumed in moderation. You can add cheese to salads, sprinkle it on dishes, or eat it as a snack.

Cottage cheese is good for children as a source of calcium. Cottage cheese can be given to a child in pure form, mix with jam or herbs, you can make casseroles and pastries with cottage cheese. But keep in mind that during heat treatment, many useful substances in cottage cheese are killed - therefore it is better to give the child cottage cheese still in its raw form.

Well, milk and butter closes the list of useful products for children. A child can simply enjoy a sandwich with butter, washed down with milk, or have milk porridge with fruit and butter for breakfast. Everything is limited only by your imagination and tastes of your child.

Healthy fish and meat dishes for children

Fish and meat are important sources protein, calcium and iron. Meat is necessary for a child for normal hematopoiesis and prevention of anemia, and fish helps to keep teeth in order and contributes to the normalization of metabolism.

It is necessary to start introducing meat into the child's diet with chicken and rabbit meat. It is quite dietary, easy to digest and does not overload the stomach. Then you can already introduce beef into the child's diet, and older children - pork.

Healthy food for children from meat and fish there will be soups on low-fat meat broth, steamed or oven-dried fish, stews, meatballs or steamed cutlets. The main thing is that meat and fish dishes are not fatty and heavy.

Healthy carbs for kids

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the diet of a child and an adult. The healthiest carbohydrates for kids are cereals, whole grain breads, and durum wheat pasta. These products are the richest sources B vitamins that regulate the work nervous system.

With whole grain bread, it is useful to make sandwiches for a child, and boil cereals for breakfast or as a side dish in main meals. Without the fiber contained in cereals, the normal functioning of the intestines is impossible.

Durum wheat pasta is useful for children suffering from hyperexcitability or stress.

Healthy fruits for kids

Fruits are very tasty and healthy. That is why fruits are so loved by children. How is it right to give this healthy food to children, and what fruits are considered the most beneficial for the child's body?

The most useful fruits for a child are bananas, apples, peaches and grapes. Apples contain iron, vitamin C, folic acid. Thanks to this, apples are an excellent prevention of anemia, strengthen the immune system and contribute to the full development of the child. And the record amount of pectins contained in apples helps the child's digestion.

Bananas will help children with digestive problems and enrich their diet with useful trace elements and vitamins. Vitamin A, B vitamins, iron, magnesium and phosphorus are only a small part of the beneficial substances found in bananas.

Grapes, despite the large amount of sugar, are very useful for children. It strengthens the walls of blood vessels, contributes to the full functioning of the kidneys, helps in the work of the heart and improves blood clotting.

If your child does not eat well, peaches will help you. They increase appetite and also aid digestion.

This healthy food for kids can be prepared in different ways. Some children love fruits only raw - and they don't need anything else. Other children like compotes or baked fruits (for example, baked berries). And everything would be fine, but with prolonged heat treatment, all the benefits of fruit are lost, so when cooking compote, do not let it boil for longer than 5 minutes. To make the compote rich, remove it from the heat and wrap the pan tightly with a towel. So the benefits of fruit will be preserved, and the taste will not suffer.

By the way, on fruit compote you can cook very healthy food for kids- fruit porridge! Take fruit compote instead of water or milk and cook baby porridge on it. Such porridge will get unusual taste and your child will love it.

Specially prepared fruits can successfully replace sweets that are harmful to children. For example, when long cooking apple jam turns out to be delicious marmalade (although, of course, there are almost no vitamins left in apples prepared in this way). Sweets can be replaced with candied fruit, and ice cream with frozen berries.

And remember: healthy food for children does not require long-term heat treatment - and even more so frying. Eating raw, steaming or in the oven - that's what will help you make healthy and tasty food for children!

What foods can not be eaten by children with various diseases?

The anxious mood of parents is often associated with the problem of poor appetite of their own child. Moms and dads are worried about what to feed the child so that he eats with appetite and, God forbid, does not lose weight. But most of the problems arise with feeding the baby, when he has health problems and there are severe dietary restrictions. What kind of food should not be eaten by children with this or that disease?

Prohibited Foods for Children

A small organism grows rapidly and its development requires the correct and balanced diet. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, macro- and microelements - necessary substances for normal physiological development muscular and bone tissue, brain, proper formation of internal organs: heart, kidneys, lungs, spleen, liver.

From proper nutrition child in the first years of life depends on his subsequent health and the possibility of self-realization in adulthood. Therefore, it is important to lay the foundation for proper nutrition from an early age in order to avoid health problems in the future.

What can not eat children under one year old?

Most pediatricians have come to the conclusion that breastfed babies should not receive whole cow and goat milk in no way. If a child is unable to receive mother's milk, then such children are recommended adapted milk formulas for breast milk.

Cow and goat milk

Cow's milk is considered heavy food for babies. It contains a large amount of proteins, fats, mineral salts. The kidneys of the child begin to work with great effort, which leads to their overload. The liquid is released into more than needed for physiological norm, which leads to the thirst of the baby. He receives a new portion of milk, so a "closed ring" is created.

Cow's milk does not contain enough iron, which is necessary for the growing body of the child. Goat's milk contains less vitamin A than cow's milk, although in other respects it is closest to mother's milk.

Consumption of cow's milk early period life can lead to the development diabetes, iron deficiency anemia, allergic diseases.

In addition, babies under two years of age have not yet formed enzymes that can break down the nutritional components of cow's milk. Usually, cow's milk is not completely absorbed by the child's body.

What should children under 3 not eat?

Sugar and salt

Salt and sugar should not be given to children, at least as long as they can be dispensed with. And it is best not to give these products until the age of three. Since the addition of salt and sugar is considered traditional in cooking, the baby will sooner or later get acquainted with the taste of salted and sweet food in kindergarten or school.

IMPORTANT: As shown by Roskontrol: many children's dairy products contain a high percentage of sugar. Therefore, babies should be given unsweetened and not very acidic natural fermented milk products with a short shelf life.

Semolina

Gone are the days when semolina was considered an indispensable product for baby food. It turns out that semolina contains gliadin - one of the components of gluten, which makes it difficult to work baby intestine. Fitin - another ingredient in semolina, inhibits the absorption of vitamin D and calcium.

Semolina gluten can cause allergic manifestations in a child in the form of red itchy spots. Excessive feeding of semolina often leads to overweight children who are difficult to get rid of later.

Juices or purees?

Many pediatricians disagree: is it possible to give children juices of industrial production and their own preparation? Some allow giving juice to babies, other doctors do not recommend drinking juice for babies up to a year and a half, but insist on the use of fruit and vegetable purees. Their motivation is based on the fact that such food is rich in plant fiber and has a beneficial effect on the baby's intestines.

What can not eat children 4-5 years old?

Babies at the age of 4-5 years, parents often transfer to adult food.

IMPORTANT: Dairy and sour-milk products made according to common standards production, and not on a special technology for baby food.

Honey

Honey is a useful natural product containing many biologically active components, macro- and microelements, and vitamins. But this bee product can cause allergic manifestations. In early childhood, it is better to give up honey and carefully introduce it into baby food later.

Sausages and sausages

Sausages and sausage products are allowed to be given to children after the age of three, prepared according to a special technology for baby food. Labels on such products are usually provided with inscriptions from what age this product can be consumed. There will be no great harm to the health of the child if he eats baby sausages no more than once every two weeks.

IMPORTANT: Roskontrol does not recommend giving sausage products intended for adult nutrition to young children. These products contain many ingredients that are harmful to the child's body: preservatives, flavor enhancers, phosphates, nitrites and other harmful substances.

Sweet treats should not be given to babies for a number of reasons:

chocolate contains sugar
cocoa powder can trigger allergies
cocoa butter is hard to digest in the gastrointestinal tract of a child

Seafood and red caviar

Seafood and red caviar are healthy foods that contain a lot of complete protein and others. useful components. But this is not food for younger children. Sea food ingredients are very allergenic, besides, sea food products and red caviar are processed with many preservatives and have a strong salty taste, which is unacceptable in baby food.

Strawberries, citrus and other exotic fruits

Beautiful and tasty exotic fruits and fruits: kiwi, avocado, citrus fruits, pineapple, can cause severe allergic skin manifestations not only in toddlers, but also in older children. Strawberries, wild strawberries, raspberries also contain allergens, it is better not to give them to children, especially those who are prone to allergic reactions.

What absolutely can not be eaten by children?

For babies in the first years of life, there are prohibited foods:

whole milk
mushrooms
nuts
black and green tea
chocolate
fast food

In the industrial production of baby food, there is a list of products that are unacceptable for children:

vinegar
ethyl alcohol with a concentration of more than 0.2%
apricot kernels
sweeteners (except special ones for dietary and baby food)
artificial flavors
benzoic and sorbic acids (they are used as preservatives)
hot and hot spices: pepper, mustard, horseradish
red meat, fish and poultry after refreezing
trans fats and hydrogenated oils
diffusion concentrates for juices
food additives (various E additives not allowed in Russia for the production of baby food)

Prohibited foods for children with various diseases

Childhood diseases are a test not only for the child's body, but also for parents. Only by the joint efforts of the doctor and loving mom and dad can you speed up the recovery of the child, and this: drug treatment, the correct mode and hygiene, good nutrition, excluding certain products from the diet for various diseases.

What can not be eaten with lactose in children?

Lactase deficiency is associated with the absence or insufficient amount of an enzyme that can break down milk sugar- lactose, which enters the body with dairy products.

With this disease in children, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are observed: diarrhea or constipation, weight loss, fetid frothy stools, regurgitation, vomiting, colic, bloating.

If lactase deficiency is suspected, babies are transferred to a lactose-free or low-lactose diet. After the diagnosis and treatment of the disease that caused lactase deficiency, the child undergoes control tests. With positive dynamics, the doctor may give permission for the gradual introduction of fermented milk products into the diet.

IMPORTANT: Lactose is found not only in milk and dairy products, it is used in the manufacture of medicines, margarine, candy, bread, ham and sausages. Before buying certain products, you should carefully read their composition on the label.

What can not be eaten by children with angina?

Angina is a disease caused by viruses and bacteria. Characterized severe pain throat and high fever. During illness, the child's appetite is usually absent and this worries parents very much.

During acute course illness should not force-feed the baby. Lack of appetite is a protective reaction of the body to the disease. After a few days, the child will begin to recover and the desire to eat will appear again.

Children with angina should not be given solid food. Food should be well ground, preferably to a puree state. Inflamed throat contraindicated sour drinks, hot and cold dishes. Food should be warm and good tasting.

What can not be eaten with allergies to children?

Allergic manifestations in children are caused by many reasons: food intolerance, medicinal, allergy to dust, animal hair, plant pollen, etc. During allergic manifestations it is very important to adhere to the right diet and completely eliminate foods that provoke the appearance.

Foods that cause allergies

cow's milk
chicken eggs
bakery and pasta products containing gluten
chocolate
citrus fruit
red berries: strawberries, wild strawberries, raspberries
chicken meat
seafood and some varieties of fish

What can not be eaten with chickenpox children?

Chickenpox is an infectious viral disease that affects almost all children attending preschool or school institutions. The acute period of the disease is associated with a rise in temperature, headache, itchy skin rashes in the form of fluid-filled vesicles.

To help your child cope with the disease and move to the recovery stage faster, you need to follow the right diet, consisting of healthy and complete foods. During illness, food should be excluded, which is difficult for the child's body to digest and can cause a number of complications from the gastrointestinal tract.

Foods to Avoid During Chicken Pox:

milk
garlic
ginger
citrus
red meat

What can not be eaten with dysbacteriosis in children?

Dysbacteriosis is a disease associated with disturbances in the normal intestinal microflora of the body. The imbalance between beneficial bacteria» and pathogenic causes wrong work intestines.

The child is concerned about:

intestinal motility disorders (constipation or diarrhea)
stomach ache
vomit
bloating
apathy and lethargy
lack of appetite

The causes of dysbacteriosis in children are different:

consequences of antibiotic therapy
malnutrition
lack of vitamins

IMPORTANT: Proper Diet with dysbacteriosis and the exclusion of unacceptable products contribute to the rapid recovery of the baby.

Foods to avoid with dysbacteriosis:

sour berries and fruits (cherries, sour apples, cranberries, pomegranates, tangerines)
raw vegetables and fruits
foods that cause fermentation in the intestines (grapes, cabbage, legumes, carbonated drinks)
sweets
canned food
smoked meats
fast food dishes

What can not be eaten with colic in a child?

Colic often accompanies the little man in the first months of life. The baby is born with a sterile intestine and an immature gastrointestinal tract. In the body of a child, there are still not enough enzymes that can fully break down food. That is why a nursing mother should pay great attention to her nutrition.

Foods that should not be included in the diet of a nursing mother

whole milk
cabbage
sparkling water
store-bought vegetable and fruit juices
sweets and treats
chocolate
fatty foods
legumes

To prevent colic in a child, the diet of a nursing mother should consist of steamed, boiled or baked foods. Preference should be given to vegetables and fruits with a green color. With further maturation of the child and the disappearance of colic, the choice of food products can be expanded, based on the recommendations of the doctor.

What can not be eaten with diarrhea in a child?

Diarrhea in a child can be caused different reasons. These are poisonings, viral and infectious diseases, teething, gastrointestinal diseases etc. But no matter what the appearance of a digestive tract disorder is associated with, the key to a successful recovery of the body is properly prescribed nutrition in case of illness
When diarrhea occurs in breastfed babies, breastfeeding should not be stopped. Pediatricians recommend increasing the number of feedings, but reducing the dose of milk to avoid overfeeding and reduce the load on the baby's gastrointestinal tract.
Children who are on artificial feeding should be fed in the same way. That is, reduce the dose of formula for one feeding, but increase the frequency of feedings. It is recommended to use adapted sour-milk and low-lactate mixtures.
For older children who have switched to " adult food", should also be developed by a doctor special diet. At the same time, food must be prepared according to certain rules.

Foods that are hard to digest and cause fermentation in the intestines should be discarded. Food is recommended to boil, bake, steam. Food products should be crushed with a blender or rubbed through a sieve. Cannot be consumed fatty foods. Kashi (rice, oatmeal, buckwheat) should be boiled in water without adding milk.

Products prohibited for diarrhea in children

fresh vegetables, fruits and berries
fat meat
fresh bread
fancy products
carbonated drinks
concentrated meat broths
milk

What can not be eaten with rotavirus children?

Rotavirus infection is called "intestinal flu". The disease is transmitted by viruses through food, especially dairy products. Infection viral infection Babies between 6 months and 2 years of age are most commonly affected.

Intoxication of the child's body leads to fever, intestinal colic, liquid diarrhea, dehydration.

IMPORTANT: Young children become dehydrated very quickly. With intestinal flu, a loss of 10% of fluid can seriously affect the health of the baby, and in some cases even lead to death.

If the child is sick rotavirus infection and, you should not insist and force-feed the baby. But you need to drink the child often in small portions of water every half hour. This is an important and strict requirement that must be met in order to avoid fluid loss.

For intestinal flu in children, follow the recommendations:

IN acute period infection, accompanied by high fever and vomiting, it is better not to feed the child, but to give him saline rehydration solutions and drinking water
Babies should be given little by little breast milk, and in the intervals between feedings - water
Formula-fed babies should switch to lactose-free mixtures for the period of illness, in consultation with a pediatrician.
Eliminate foods from the diet irritating intestines: fried, salted, canned foods, food containing coarse fiber
Feed the baby often in small portions
Food should be steamed and given in a crushed or pureed state.
During the recovery period, boiled dairy-free cereals, weak meat and vegetable broths, give fruit and vegetable puree, fermented milk products

IMPORTANT: Until the stool normalizes, the following should be excluded from the child's diet: whole milk, juices, fresh fruits and vegetables

What can not be eaten with stomatitis in children?

Stomatitis is a disease associated with inflammation of the oral mucosa. The disease causes the child suffering in the form of pain, high fever, inability to eat due to sores in the oral cavity. It is extremely difficult to feed a child with such a disease. This circumstance worries parents a lot.

It is not allowed to feed the child with spicy, sour and salty foods that can irritate the oral mucosa
The temperature of the dishes should be warm, comfortable for consumption. Hot and cold foods are not suitable for feeding a baby
Cocoa, chocolate are excluded from the menu, sweet foods are limited as much as possible
The solid consistency of food is not suitable for eating. Food should be in the form of purees, soups, liquid cereals
It is not recommended to use dry bread and coarse-ground bakery products
Tomatoes, sour berries and fruits, citrus fruits are excluded from nutrition.
Garlic, onions, radishes, spices that irritate the oral mucosa are not allowed in the diet

What not to eat when a child has a temperature

High temperature is a protective reaction of the body. Lack of appetite and unwillingness to eat in the early days of illness is normal. You can not force the child to eat at this time.

When high, it is preferable to give plenty of drink in the form of sweetened teas, fruit drinks, compotes with dried fruits, jelly. Such drinks are rich in vitamins, which a sick child really needs.

IMPORTANT: When high temperature all dairy products should be excluded from the child's diet: whole milk, cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt, cheese. It is not recommended to use cereals cooked in milk.

Milk protein (casein) is practically not digested at high temperatures. Products containing milk in the baby's stomach churn into a rubbery mass. When the temperature drops, there is a high risk of acetonemic syndrome, which manifests itself in the form of vomiting.

What not to eat after mantoux for a child

The Mantoux test is performed to diagnose tuberculosis in children. The examination is carried out by intradermal injection of tuberculin, which is a collection of filtrates of mycobacteria that died during heating.

Tuberculin is a strong allergen that can cause an allergic reaction in allergic children.

IMPORTANT: In order not to distort the true reaction of the child to the Mantoux test, foods that can cause an allergic reaction should be excluded from his diet.

Allergen products that are not allowed to be consumed before and after the Mantoux test:

cow's milk
seafood (shrimp, lobster, crayfish, oysters)
Red caviar
chicken meat and broth
chocolate
nuts
citrus and Exotic fruits(pineapple, persimmon, mango)
fruits and berries with a predominance of red and bright orange pigment (strawberries, raspberries, red apples, apricots)
canned food
sweets
food products of industrial production with food additives (chips, crackers)
fast food

What can not eat a child with constipation?

Due to the imperfection of the children's gastrointestinal tract, malnutrition, insufficient water intake and many other factors, children may develop constipation from time to time.

Thick and hard stool painful sensations, difficulty in defecation - all these signs of poor intestinal motility cause great suffering to babies.

Children's doctors are engaged in finding out the causes of constipation and treating this disease. Constipation often occurs when malnutrition the child and his early transition to "adult food".

Foods to Avoid for Constipation

fresh white bread and pastries
pasta
semolina and rice cereal
slimy soups
blueberry
kissels
strong tea, cocoa, coffee

Video: Chips - unhealthy food for children

What to feed a 2 year old baby? You can’t saturate it with mashed unsalted soup. He already has teeth, he trains them with pleasure if he is given a chicken leg. He sees what adults eat, and he reaches for new products. Is it possible to give him what dad and mom eat? When organizing the nutrition of a two-year-old baby, it is necessary to take into account the needs of a growing body for nutrients. At the same time, we must not forget that the delicate digestive system, liver and kidneys cannot cope with rough or spicy food. Much of what adults eat is still bad for him.

Right now he needs to be taught to chew food. The main thing is to make sure that he does not choke.
It is necessary to accustom to solid food, otherwise later it will be more difficult to get used to meat and fruits. The kid will be picky about food.
The nutrition of a child at 2 years old should include thick cereals, well-boiled meat and fish, vegetable stew pieces - products that require chewing.
If until now he ate 5-6 times a day semi-liquid, pureed food, now he is able to eat more densely, and 4 meals a day is enough.
The most high-calorie food should be taken during lunch. If the baby overeats at dinner, then he will sleep worse. Besides, he doesn't want to eat breakfast in the morning.

Foods needed for a 2 year old baby

The range of products that a child should consume is expanding significantly.

Milk and dairy products

It is necessary to consume milk with a fat content of at least 3.2% and fermented milk products daily. Up to 500 ml of these products can be given per day. The diet must include up to 50 g of cottage cheese with at least 5% fat content.

A teaspoon of cream or sour cream should be added to dishes, a small piece of cheese should be given daily. From cottage cheese and cheese, it is sometimes recommended to cook cheesecakes or dumplings. Although raw cottage cheese more useful.

Meat

Until now, the baby was recommended to give only mashed potatoes or steam cutlets of beef and chicken. Now the range is expanding. In the menu, you can add dishes from low-fat pork, rabbit. The meat of ducks and geese contains hard-to-digest fats, so give them as food to such little child not worth it. But lean turkey is good for him.

Animal food contains vitamin A, without which normal functioning is impossible. physical development child, his height. The content of this vitamin and valuable proteins is especially high in the liver, so it is useful to cook pate or meatballs from it. In addition, the liver is more tender than meat, offal dishes (liver, heart, tongue) are easier to digest and assimilate in the child's body.

The child is given up to 100 g of any meat per day. Occasionally, it can be replaced by sausages (milk sausages or low-fat boiled diet sausage).

Advice: It is better to give sausages marked "for children", as they contain a minimum of harmful food additives, their composition is controlled more strictly.

Fish

The fats contained in fish are easily digestible, contain special amino acids necessary for the formation vascular system providing nutrition to the brain. Regular consumption of fish is necessary for the development of speech, memory and other mental abilities. The child needs to be given about 30-40 g of fish per day. It is recommended to give sea or river fish low-fat varieties (cod, hake, carp).

Fish is fried or boiled, cutlets are cooked or fish soups. Do not give smoked, canned fish, as well as caviar (it is a high-calorie product that can cause allergies). You can give your child soaked low-fat herring. The fish must be thoroughly deboned.

Vegetables and greens

Plant foods are the main source of vitamins. At 2 years old, the child’s diet should include not only vegetable purees, but also stewed vegetables cut into pieces, as well as vegetable salads. Spinach dishes are very useful. In vegetable dishes, be sure to add fresh parsley, green onions, a little garlic. This helps to create taste sensations. The fiber found in plant foods is essential for normal functioning intestines to prevent constipation.

Fruits and berries

A two-year-old baby needs to eat 100-150 g of fruits and berries every day. They must be cleaned of skin and bones so that the child does not choke. A baby bites a piece of an apple or pear perfectly with his teeth. Children love bananas and plums. Citruses are very useful, but they must be given with great care, as children are often allergic to them. This also applies to strawberries and raspberries.

It is necessary to take into account: Some fruits and berries (pear, black currant, blueberry) fix the intestines. If a child often has constipation, then it is better to offer him kiwi, cherries, plums, apricots.

Babies under 1.5 years old are usually given clarified juices. Can be given from 2 years natural juices with pulp (up to 150 ml per day). This will help stimulate the bowels.

Porridge and pasta

For the normal functioning of the intestines, the baby needs to eat buckwheat, oatmeal, rice and other cereals, as they are rich in protein, contain the necessary micro and macro elements, vitamins. Pasta is prepared as a side dish or added to soups (up to 50 g per day).

Sugar and sweets

It is not recommended to spoil the child with sweets. He may develop a craving for sweetened foods. This has a bad effect on appetite, on metabolism. Sugar should be no more than 40 g in the daily diet (taking into account the fact that it is contained in sweet juices, jams). Sometimes you can treat your baby with marmalade or marshmallow. Chocolate often causes an allergic reaction in a child. In addition, it excites the nervous system.

Video: Useful and harmful foods

Sample menu for a week for a child of 2 years

Day	Breakfast	Dinner	afternoon tea	Dinner
1	Buckwheat with milk - 200 g White bread with jam - 1 piece Cocoa - 100 ml	Tomato and cucumber salad with sour cream - 40 g Pumpkin soup with potatoes and meat - 150 g Rice porridge - 80 g Bread Apple juice - 0.5 cup	Yogurt - 150 ml Banana - 0.5 pieces Cookies - 1 piece	Stewed vegetables with fish - 200 g Bread Kefir - 0.5 cup
2	Cottage cheese casserole with fruits and nuts - 200 g Cocoa - 150 ml Bread, butter	Salad of apples and carrots with vegetable oil - 40 g Soup with egg and dumplings - 150 g Boiled meat - 50 g Kissel from berries - 100 ml Rye bread	Milk - 150 ml Cookies - 2-3 things	Omelet - 50 g Pancake with jam Kefir - 150 ml
3	Hercules porridge- 150 g Bread and butter Cocoa - 100 ml	Fish soup with potatoes and rice -150 g Spinach casserole with egg - 80 g Juice - 100 ml Rye bread	Kissel - 150 ml Cookies - 3 pieces Banana - 0.5 pieces	Milk pudding - 150 g Cookies - 2 pieces Sweet tea - 100 ml
4	Pumpkin porridge with rice - 100 g Cocoa - 100 ml Cheesecake - 1 piece	Salad of beets and apples Rice soup with meat Vareniki with cottage cheese - 2 pieces Tea with sugar	Omelet - 100 g White bread with butter Tea or compote - 150 ml	Kefir - 150 ml Croutons - 50 g
5	Millet porridge with milk, with butter - 150 g Cocoa - 100 ml Cookies - 1 piece	Rice fish soup - 150 g Pasta with sour cream - 50 g Bread Compote - 150 ml Fruit - 100 g	Curd with cream - 50 g Cookies - 3 pieces Rosehip tea with sugar - 150 ml	Yogurt - 150 ml Cookies - 2 pieces
6	Buckwheat porridge with butter - 100 g Pancake with cottage cheese - 1 piece Sweet tea	Apple and carrot salad - 50 g Milk soup with vermicelli - 150 g Meat cutlet - 1 piece Tea with sugar - 100 ml Rye bread	Pancake with jam Pumpkin and carrot porridge - 80 g Tea with milk	Kefir - 150 ml Cheesecake - 1 piece
7	Baked apple - 1 piece Hercules porridge - 100 g cookies - 1 piece Cocoa - 100 ml	Salad of apples, bananas and kiwi - 50 g Rice soup with chicken - 150 g Pasta with minced meat - 80 g Tea with milk	Vegetable stew with meat - 100 g Bread Dried fruit compote - 150 ml	Kefir - 150 ml Cookies -3 pieces

Video: Weekly menu for a child at 2 years old

Despite the fact that the nutrition of a baby at the age of 2 years is already approaching an adult, he needs to be prepared separately. Do not put pepper, vinegar, tomato paste(it contains nutritional supplements).

It is recommended to prepare food for the child at one time. When food is heated, food components lose their beneficial features. It is desirable to feed the child at a certain time, you can not force him to eat if he refuses any product. It may be enough to remove one of the components of the dish or change the consistency. Between feedings, the child should be given water to drink. Juices or other drinks spoil the appetite.

The nutrition of children aged 3-7 years should be organized in such a way as to ensure the normal growth and development of the child's body, prepare the muscles, bones and brain for a sharp increase in mental and physical stress and a change in the regimen associated with the start of school.

To do this, it is important to follow a few basic principles supply:

Nutrition should supply the child's body with the necessary amount of energy for motor, mental and other activities.
Nutrition should be balanced, contain nutrients of all types (the so-called nutrients).
It is important that the diet is varied, only this is a condition for its balance. It is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of children, the possible intolerance of any products.
It is necessary to observe the technology of food processing and food preparation, to comply with sanitary requirements for the premises where food is cooked, the terms and conditions of storage, etc.

Let's take a closer look at these principles.

Energy "capacity" food is measured in calories. But the value of baby food lies not only in the number of calories, it is also necessary that it contains all the substances that make up human body. Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and water - this is the building material that the growing body of a child needs every day.

Squirrels

Sources of protein include meat, fish, milk and dairy products, eggs (animal proteins), and bread, cereals, legumes, and vegetables (vegetable proteins). The lack of proteins in the diet of a child not only slows down normal growth and development, but reduces resistance to infections and other adverse external factors. Therefore, proteins should be constantly included in the diet of preschoolers and schoolchildren.

In order for proteins to be well absorbed and most fully used by the cells and tissues of the body, it is necessary not only enough proteins, but also their correct ratio with the amount of carbohydrates and fats. Most favorable combination is 1 g of protein per 1 g of fat and 4 g of carbohydrates.

Fats

Sources of fats are butter and vegetable oil, cream, milk, dairy products (sour cream, cottage cheese, cheese), as well as meat, fish, etc. Increased consumption of foods high in fat is undesirable.

Carbohydrates

Sources of carbohydrates are sugar, everything sweet, including fruits, confectionery, then vegetables, bread, cereals, milk sugar contained in milk. The role of carbohydrates is especially important because of the high mobility and physical activity children. Big job muscle requires high energy costs, carbohydrate-rich food.

Mineral salts and trace elements

Mineral salts and trace elements are the building material for organs, tissues, cells and their components. It is especially important to ensure their intake into the body during the period of active growth and.

Mineral salts play important role in the exchange of water in the body, regulation of the activity of many enzymes. Minerals are divided into two groups depending on the content in the body: macroelements or mineral salts (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, chlorides, sulfates, etc.) and microelements (iron, copper, zinc, chromium, manganese, iodine, fluorine, selenium, etc.). The content of macronutrients in the body can be up to 1 kg. Trace elements do not exceed tens or hundreds of milligrams.

The table below shows the main, most important substances for the child's body and their daily intake for children 3 (first digit) and 7 years old (second digit).

Table of the average daily norm of the physiological need of the body for the main micro and macro elements

Name	Function	Source (products containing the element)
Calcium	Formation of bones and teeth, blood coagulation systems, processes of muscle contraction and nervous excitation. Normal heart function.	Milk, kefir, fermented baked milk, yogurt, cheese, cottage cheese.	800-1100 mg
Phosphorus	Participates in the construction of bone tissue, the processes of storage and transmission of hereditary information, the conversion of the energy of food substances into the energy of chemical bonds in the body. Maintains acid-base balance in the blood.	Fish, meat, cheese, cottage cheese, cereals, legumes.	800-1650 mg
Magnesium	Synthesis of protein, nucleic acids, regulation of energy and carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism.	Buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, green peas, carrots, beets, lettuce, parsley.	150-250 mg
sodium and potassium	They create conditions for the occurrence and conduction of a nerve impulse, muscle contractions and other physiological processes in a cage.	Salt- sodium. Meat, fish, cereals, potatoes, raisins, cocoa, chocolate - potassium.	Not exactly established
Iron	A component of hemoglobin, the transport of oxygen in the blood.	Meat, fish, eggs, liver, kidneys, legumes, millet, buckwheat, oatmeal. Quince, figs, dogwood, peaches, blueberries, rose hips, apples.	10-12 mg
Copper	Necessary for normal hematopoiesis and metabolism of connective tissue proteins.	Beef liver, seafood, legumes, buckwheat and oatmeal, pasta.	1 - 2 mg
Iodine	Participates in hormone production thyroid gland, provides physical and mental development regulates the state of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and liver.	Seafood ( sea fish, sea kale, seaweed), iodized salt.	0.06 - 0.10 mg
Zinc	Required for normal growth, development and puberty. Maintaining normal immunity, sense of taste and smell, wound healing, absorption of vitamin A.	Meat, ryaba, eggs, cheese, buckwheat and oatmeal.	5-10 mg

vitamins

For proper growth and development, the child needs food rich in vitamins. Vitamins are organic matter with high biological activity They are not synthesized by the human body or are synthesized in not enough and therefore must be ingested with food. Vitamins are essential nutritional factors. The content of vitamins in foods is much lower than that of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, therefore constant monitoring of the sufficient content of each vitamin in a child's daily diet is necessary.

Unlike proteins, fats and carbohydrates, vitamins cannot serve as a building material for the renewal and formation of tissues and organs. human body, cannot serve as a source of energy. But they are effective natural regulators of physiological and biochemical processes that ensure the flow of most of the vital important functions organism, the work of its organs and systems.

The table below shows the main, most important vitamins for the child's body and their daily intake for children 3 (first digit) and 7 years old (second digit).

Table of the average daily norm of the physiological need of the body for basic vitamins

Name	Function	Foods containing the vitamin	Daily rate for children 3-7 years old
B vitamins
IN 1	Necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system, cardiac and skeletal muscles, organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Participates in carbohydrate metabolism.	Wholemeal bread, cereals, legumes (peas, beans, soybeans), liver and other offal, yeast, meat (pork, veal).	0.8 - 1.0 mg
AT 2	Maintains the normal properties of the skin, mucous membranes, normal vision and blood formation.	Milk and dairy products (cheese, cottage cheese), eggs, meat (beef, veal, poultry, liver), cereals, bread.	0.9 - 1.2 mg
AT 6	Supports the normal properties of the skin, the functioning of the nervous system, hematopoiesis.	Wheat flour, millet, liver, meat, fish, potatoes, carrots, cabbage.	0.9 - 1.3 mg
AT 12	Supports hematopoiesis and normal work nervous system.	Meat, fish, offal, egg yolk, seafood, cheese.	1 - 1.5 mcg

PP (niacin)	Functioning of the nervous, digestive systems, maintaining normal properties skin.	Buckwheat, rice groats, wholemeal flour, legumes, meat, liver, kidneys, fish, dried mushrooms.	10-13 mg
Folic acid	Hematopoiesis, body growth and development, protein and nucleic acid synthesis, prevention of fatty liver.	Wholemeal flour, buckwheat and oatmeal, millet, beans, cauliflower, green onions, liver, cottage cheese, cheese.	100-200 mcg
WITH	Regeneration and healing of tissues, maintaining resistance to infections and the action of poisons. Hematopoiesis, permeability of blood vessels.	Fruits and vegetables: wild rose, blackcurrant, Bell pepper, dill, parsley, potatoes, cabbage, cauliflower, mountain ash, apples, citrus fruits.	45-60 mg
A (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid)	Necessary for normal growth, development of cells, tissues and organs, normal visual and sexual function, ensuring normal skin properties.	Liver of marine animals and fish, liver, butter, cream, sour cream, cheese, cottage cheese, eggs, carrots, tomatoes, apricots, green onions, lettuce, spinach.	450-500 mcg
D	Participates in the processes of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, accelerates the process of calcium absorption, increases its concentration in the blood, provides deposition in the bones.	Butter, chicken eggs, liver, liver fat from fish and marine animals.	10-2.5 mcg
E	Antioxidant, supports the work of cells and subcellular structures.	Sunflower, corn, soybean oil, cereals, eggs.	5-10 mg

Avitaminosis (vitamin deficiency) - pathological condition, caused by the fact that the child's body is not fully provided with one or another vitamin, or its functioning in the body is disrupted. There are several causes of vitamin deficiency:

low content of vitamins in daily diets, due to the irrational construction of the diet,
loss and destruction of vitamins in the process of technological processing of food products, their long-term and improper storage, irrational culinary processing,
the presence in the products of vitamins in a poorly digestible form.

But even if all of the above reasons are excluded, situations and conditions are possible when increased need in vitamins. For example:

during periods of particularly intensive growth of children and teenagers
with special climatic conditions
during intense physical activity
with intense neuropsychic stress, stressful conditions
in infectious diseases
under the influence of adverse environmental factors
in diseases of internal organs and endocrine glands

The most common form of vitamin deficiency is a subnormal supply of vitamins, when the constant content of vitamins is below the norm, but not below the critical level. This form occurs among practically healthy children of various ages. The main reasons for this are:

malnutrition of pregnant women and nursing mothers
widespread use in children's nutrition of refined foods devoid of vitamins in the production process
loss of vitamins during long-term and irrational storage and culinary processing of products
physical inactivity associated with a significant decrease in the need for energy in children: they move little, have low appetite, eat little.

Although this form of vitamin deficiency is not accompanied by severe clinical disorders, it significantly reduces the resistance of children to the action of infectious and toxic factors, physical and mental performance, slows down the recovery time in case of illness.

One of the main solutions to many problems that impede the harmonious development of the child's body is proper nutrition.

diet

In accordance with the listed principles of nutrition, the child's diet should include all major food groups.

From meat it is preferable to use lean beef or veal, chicken or turkey. Less useful are sausages, frankfurters and sausages. By-products serve as a source of protein, iron, a number of vitamins and can be used in children's nutrition.

Recommended varieties fish: cod, pollock, hake, pike perch and other low-fat varieties. Salted fish delicacies and canned food can irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, especially in preschool age. They are recommended to be included in the diet only occasionally.

Catering. Mode. sample menu

An important condition is strict diet, which provides for at least 4 meals. Moreover, 3 of them must necessarily include a hot dish. At the same time, breakfast accounts for approximately 25% daily calories, for lunch 40%, afternoon tea - 15%, dinner - 20%.

To ensure a variety of dishes and their correct alternation, it is advisable to draw up a menu for several days in advance, even better - for a whole week. If milk and dairy products should be included in the diet daily, then for breakfast, lunch and dinner, it is advisable to repeat the first and second courses no more than 2-3 days later. It also allows you to support the preschooler a good appetite. One-sided nutrition should be avoided - mainly flour and milk: a child may experience vitamin deficiency even in the summer-autumn period.

Approximately per day, a child of 4-6 years old should receive the following products:

milk (including the amount used for cooking) and fermented milk products - 600 ml,
cottage cheese - 50 g,
sour cream - 10 g,
hard cheese - 10 g,
butter - 20 - 30 g (for cereals and sandwiches),
Necessarily vegetable oil- 10 g (preferably in salads, vinaigrettes),
meat - 120-140 g,
fish - 80-100 g,
egg - 1/2-1 pc.,
sugar (including confectionery) - 60-70 g,
wheat bread - 80-100 g,
Rye bread- 40-60 g, cereals, pasta - 60 g,
potatoes - 150-200 g,
various vegetables -300 g,
fruits and berries - 200 g.

Afternoon and dinner should be light. It can be vegetable, fruit, dairy, cereal dishes. But if the child has a reduced appetite, you can increase during dinner not the amount of a particular dish, but its calorie content: let dinner be more dense than lunch. This way you can help developing organism cope with rising energy costs.

For breakfast good hot drink(boiled milk, tea), which is preceded by any hot dish (for example, scrambled eggs), which is not very voluminous and does not require a long cooking time.

At lunch time be sure to feed the child with soup or borscht. After all, first courses based on vegetable or meat broths are strong stimulants of the stomach receptors. This helps to increase appetite and improve the digestion process.

Fresh vegetables, fruits, berries are very useful for children. A preschooler can consume them raw or in the form of dishes prepared from them. Salads are best offered before the first and second courses, as they contribute to the intensive production of digestive juices and improve appetite. If you give salad for breakfast, lunch, and dinner (even if just a little), it will be especially good. Fresh fruits are ideal for afternoon tea. But in the intervals between eating them better for the child do not offer, especially sweet ones.

Eggs are good for preschoolers. After all, they contain a lot of vitamins A and D, phosphorus, calcium, iron. Raw eggs should not be given, as there is a possibility of infection with salmonellosis.

In a six-year-old child, electrolyte metabolism is still unstable, so excessive water intake in his body can create additional load on the heart and kidneys. daily requirement preschooler in water is an average of 60 ml per 1 kg of weight. Some children drink a lot on hot summer days. But to quench your thirst, it is not necessary to drink a lot of liquid. It is important to teach your baby to drink little by little and in small sips. You can simply limit yourself to rinsing your mouth with cold water.

Food for preschoolers no longer needs to be steamed and heavily chopped. Can cook fried foods, although you should not get too carried away with this, since there is a danger of fat oxidation products occurring during frying, which irritate the mucous membranes and cause abdominal pain. Therefore, it is best to stew and bake dishes in the oven.

Some foods are highly undesirable in the diet of a preschooler. Not recommended: smoked sausages, canned food, fatty meats, some spices: pepper, mustard and others spicy seasonings. To improve the taste, it is better to put parsley, dill, celery, green or onion, garlic. The latter, in addition, have the ability to restrain the growth of pathogenic microbes. The taste of food can be greatly improved by using some sour juices(lemon, cranberry), as well as dried fruits.

Day of the week	Breakfast	Dinner	afternoon tea	Dinner
Monday	Buckwheat porridge with milk Coffee drink with milk Bread with butter and cheese	Salad Shchi with sour cream Meatballs with pasta Dried fruits compote Bread	Kefir Cookie Apple	Carrot apple casserole Tea with milk Bread
Tuesday	Herring with chopped egg Mashed potatoes Coffee drink with milk Bread and butter	Vitamin salad vegetable soup Roast at home Kissel from apples Bread	Milk Crackers Apple	Cottage cheese casserole Tea with milk Bread
Wednesday	Milk rice porridge Coffee drink with milk Bread with butter and cheese	Beet-apple salad Peasant soup Meat cutlet Mashed potatoes Kissel milk	Yogurt Cookie Apple	Omelette Stewed cabbage Tea Bread
Thursday	Macaroni with grated cheese Coffee drink with milk Bread and butter	green pea salad beetroot Goulash with buckwheat Dried fruits compote	Tea Cheesecake with cottage cheese Apple	Vegetable stew boiled egg Milk Bread
Friday	Herculean milk porridge boiled egg Coffee drink with milk Bread and butter	Carrot-apple salad Borsch with sour cream Fish meatballs Boiled potatoes Kissel	Ryazhenka Cookie Fruits	Cottage cheese pancakes with sour cream Tea with milk Bread
Saturday	Lazy dumplings with sour cream Coffee drink with milk Bread and butter	cabbage-apple salad Rassolnik Pilaf Kissel from fruit	Kefir Crackers Fruits	Fritters (pancakes) with jam Milk
Sunday	Fish in Polish Boiled potatoes Coffee drink with milk Bread and butter	carrot salad Chicken broth with croutons Boiled chicken with rice and stewed beets Rosehip decoction Bread	Milk Homemade bun Apple	Vegetable casserole Tea with milk Bread

Healthy food and kindergarten

Most preschool children attend kindergarten, where they receive four meals a day necessary for their age. Therefore, the home diet should complement, not replace, the kindergarten diet. To this end, in each group, educators hang out daily menu so that parents can see it. Therefore, at home it is important to give the baby at home exactly those foods and dishes that he did not receive during the day.

It is better to exclude breakfast before kindergarten, otherwise the child will have a bad breakfast in a group. IN last resort you can drink it with kefir or give an apple. On weekends and holidays, it is better to stick to the kindergarten menu using our recommendations.

When I eat, I am deaf and dumb!

When the baby is 3 years old, it's time to start teaching him proper behavior at the table.

The child should sit straight, not resting his elbows on the table while eating, not spreading them wide apart. He must be able to use the spoon correctly: hold it with three fingers - thumb, index and middle, scooping up food so that it does not spill, bring the spoon to his mouth with the side edge, and not with the narrowed part.

The child must remember that if you have to prick pieces of food with a fork, then it must be kept with the prongs down, and if there is mashed potatoes, thick porridge or vermicelli - like a spatula.

When using a table knife, the child must hold it in right hand, and the fork in the left. Adults should teach him not to cut the whole portion at once, but after cutting off a piece, eat it and only then cut off the next one. This order prevents dense food from cooling too quickly and keeps the food looking good.

It is necessary that the baby develops the habit of chewing slowly, with his mouth closed. If he has poor appetite, it is unacceptable to entertain him during meals, allow him to watch TV or promise a reward for eating everything. Such rewards disrupt the digestive process, and the appetite does not improve at all.

Gently but persistently, adults should convey to the baby the idea that while eating, playing with dishes, waving your arms, talking loudly, laughing, being distracted, picking up food from the floor or taking it with your hands (except for cases specifically specified by etiquette) is ugly.

The child should eat in calm state(This does not only apply to six-year-olds!). It is necessary to avoid quarrels and unpleasant conversations at the table - this also worsens the process of digestion and reduces appetite.

Do not give your baby more food than he can eat. It's better to add a bit more later.

The kid should know that you can leave the table after finishing the meal, only with the permission of the elder (but, of course, not with a piece of bread or other food in your hands). He must thank those present, push the chair, clean up the dishes, wash his hands (just like before eating) and rinse his mouth.

A child will learn all these rules very quickly if there is an example of adults before his eyes and if the meal will take place at a beautifully laid table, in a calm atmosphere.

02/25/2018 14:10:42, lena lena

Also, so that with malnutrition, vitamins are necessary: as in children's Pikovit: A, D3, B2, B6, B1, B12, C, PP, D-panthenol. In addition to protecting against diseases, it also helps to cope with fatigue. Replenishing the body with the necessary energy)

The article is well-written and informative. And it should be informative for parents or persons replacing them, who have the imprudence to criticize the organization of nutrition in kindergarten. From the standpoint of modern nutrition (the science of nutrition), nutrition in kindergarten is focused on certain principles, one of which reads:
- adequate and technological culinary processing of products and dishes, providing high taste qualities dishes and preservation nutritional value products.
Unfortunately, according to the stories of children, we have some ideas about nutrition in the family, since many of the parents do not bother to prepare a full-fledged, balanced diet for a child. Dumplings, doshirak, chips and kirieshki, soda, etc. Here's a typical weekend meal. And thank God that the child, attending kindergarten, receives the products necessary for growth and development. Thanks to the educators who persuade and convince your children that carrots are good for rosy cheeks, you must definitely eat fish, and drink compotes regularly (instead of soda!) . Here are the coffee drinks huge assortment presented in stores, which, by the way, are more useful than coffee for adults too!
So you, dear parents, first choose a worthy educational institution, choose for your child, in which sanitary and hygienic control is carried out to ensure food safety. But criticism of this nature simply indicates illiteracy in nutrition and irresponsibility in relation to your own children. Sorry.