How many times should there be a bowel movement per day. Chair in an adult, what should be the feces? For formula-fed babies

This article will focus on the chair, how often and when a person who is in good health should poop. So let's talk about such a rather closed and sensitive topic as going to the toilet in a big way.

Even though it seems like a rather personal aspect of life, it needs to be talked about otherwise our reticence in talking about it can lead to health problems.

Ministry of Health surveys have shown that many of us feel uncomfortable when asked about going to the toilet, so we do not tell the doctor if something bothers us.

So let's talk about it. How often do you do it? How many times a day is it normal to go to the toilet in a big way?

Some people do it once a day, others three times a day, and still others only a few times a week. Could all these bowel movements be normal? How can you know if you are going to the toilet enough or not?

Gastroenterologists have answered all these extremely important health questions, as well as some other equally interesting ones:

Why do we defecate?

Intestinal activity is necessary for life to get rid of body waste. So the large intestine performs the following functions:

Absorbs water from liquid waste and turns it into solid waste and delivers it to the lower part (rectum);
The rectum acts as a storage organ and delivers stool at the appropriate time.

How much should we poop?

An adult can have 1 to 3 bowel movements per day, which is normal. At the same time, you should consult a doctor if your number of trips to the toilet has sharply decreased or, on the contrary, increased.

So there can be many reasons for more frequent bowel movements. For example, we can talk about food poisoning (gastroenteritis), drinking too much alcohol, a sudden change in diet (too much fiber), food intolerance (for example, lactose intolerance).

It can also be a sign of celiac disease (gluten intolerance). Certain medications, such as laxatives or antibiotics, can also cause irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety or stress, inflammation in the intestines (Crohn's disease or colitis), and even bowel cancer.

The consistency of the feces is also important, such as whether our bodies produce formed stools or liquid/semi-formed stools.

The common term used for insufficient bowel movement is constipation. This is when you go to the toilet less than three times a week, go to the toilet heavily, while your stools are dry and hard, feeling like you haven’t gone big enough.

There can be many reasons for this, including insufficient fluid and fiber intake, immobility (for example, after surgery), medications that include certain morphine painkillers, weak pelvic muscles (for example, in the elderly), pregnancy, thyroid disease or bowel cancer. All of these can cause constipation.

If you want to go to the toilet at night, these are signs of illness. Because the contractions of the colon - peristalsis, appear in the morning, at night the intestines "rest". Call your doctor, do not self-medicate, if you have a feeling during a bowel movement that:

you have “something left” in your intestines, there is no feeling of relief
you need to push
you want to but can't go to the toilet
everything in the stomach is "blocked"
makes you sick
help empty the bowels
this condition lasts more than half a year and the situation worsens.

What is dangerous "normal" constipation?

Stool retention is not so harmless. Constipation is the cause of many health problems:

Hemorrhoids worsen, anal fissures appear, and the risk of rectal prolapse is increased - in 7 out of every 10 patients.
There is a dysfunction - irritable bowel syndrome.
There are predisposing factors to the development of colitis, allergies.
The body does not receive the necessary vitamins and minerals.
The patient becomes irritable, suffers from depression and neurosis.
Often worried about chronic fatigue syndrome.

Those who suffer from constipation are at increased risk of:

diverticulosis of the colon (protrusion and thinning of the intestinal wall) and its complications, up to intestinal perforation and peritonitis - in every fifth
intestinal polyps are found in every tenth
cancer of the colon and rectum - in every twentieth.

Don't take it to extremes - treat constipation on time.

5 tips from a gastroenterologist for those who want to get rid of constipation

If you want to get rid of constipation, you should not overeat, eat fast food and drink it with soda, sit around the clock in the office, be nervous and not sleep all night long. The intestine "loves" the right food, the regularity in its intake - 3-4 times a day, and a calm environment, without extreme sports.

At the "output" you get the consequences of what you got "in". There are foods that make the stool softer, and the intestines are forced to work more actively. Include in the diet: vegetable oils, freshly squeezed vegetable juices, fermented milk products - fresh kefir, crumbly cereals with dried fruits, soups, fruits, raw and processed vegetables, healthy fiber. Fried, fatty, smoked meats, preservatives and other "chemistry" in products are prohibited.

You, of course, have heard that "you need to drink a lot." But how much is enough? Scientists have set the norm - 30 ml per 1 kg of ideal body weight (you can find a body weight calculator on the network, and by substituting your data, calculate it). The liquid should be warm to quickly get into the intestines, and honey can be added to the water.

If you spend your days at the office and your evenings watching TV or surfing the Internet, your gut may well go on strike. In order for the chair to be regular, physical activity for at least an hour 3 times a week is the best way out. Can't devote so much time, there is no opportunity to visit the gym? Walk, climb stairs, use every minute to keep fit.

When kefir, prunes on an empty stomach and warm water with honey do not help, and it's time to see a doctor:

Have you noticed blood in your stool?
the appearance of feces has changed - thin or like a ribbon
bowel failure appeared suddenly, especially after 50 years
you suffer from constipation, have lost a lot of weight, but the diet has remained the same
you have abdominal pain or discomfort before or after a bowel movement
constipation replaces diarrhea
pain in the rectum
appetite worsened, aversion to certain foods appeared
you get tired faster
you have no idea why the temperature rises
you suffer from constipation and have a family history of colon and rectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease.

In conclusion, some interesting clinical cases from our practice:

Constipation and ... thyroid gland: where is the connection?

We were approached by a young girl of 23 years old. It turned out that she had been suffering from constipation for 1.5 years! Our doctor carefully interviewed the patient and found out that during pregnancy, 3 years ago, she had a dysfunction of the thyroid gland, but nothing bothered and no treatment was carried out.
We examined her more carefully and found out that the cause of constipation was autoimmune thyroiditis - a common situation in women, when the body "attacks" its own thyroid gland, it gradually collapses and the level of hormones drops. One of the symptoms of autoimmune thyroiditis is constipation. Our endocrinologist prescribed treatment, thyroid function returned to normal, and joint work with a gastroenterologist gave the result - constipation disappeared.

Constipation and more

A 67-year-old patient came to us with complaints of constipation. Laxatives didn't help. The doctor examined him, but found no significant abnormalities. However, the age and nature of the complaints alerted, and the patient was sent for a detailed examination.
In the blood test, a decrease in hemoglobin, an increase in ESR, occult blood in the feces was found using the Colon View supersensitive test for occult blood in the feces. We performed a colonoscopy - examination of the intestines with a flexible endoscope and revealed a tumor in the intestines. Luckily, we made it on time.
The patient was successfully operated on and is under the supervision of a gastroenterologist and an oncologist.

How and how can we help you?

Consult with a competent specialist – our gastroenterologist will examine you in detail, if necessary, appoint additional consultations of related specialists and control the treatment process, from the first visit to the result.
To identify the cause of constipation - we have all the necessary equipment of an expert class and highly qualified diagnosticians to conduct a detailed examination - tests, ultrasound, endoscopic examinations.
Save you time and money - to find out why your intestines refuse to work regularly, we created a free interview with a gastroenterologist to schedule an examination. If you are concerned about the symptoms, but you do not know where to start, during the conversation you will be assigned the necessary range of studies.

Constipation is the cause and effect of many diseases. A competent doctor will help to understand them. You should not prescribe laxatives for yourself, get carried away with enemas and “pull” with a visit to a gastroenterologist. You can miss something important and waste precious time. Don't risk it - see a professional.

Defecation, or emptying the rectum, is the excretion of feces by the human body. Normally, defecation in an adult occurs 1-2 times a day. Also, the frequency of 1 time in 2 days is considered the norm. Frequent, loose stools are called diarrhea, rare stools are called constipation. These pathological conditions are usually accompanied by visible changes in bowel movements.

Often, patients at a doctor's appointment ask the question: I often go to the toilet for the most part, why does this happen, what is the norm in this state, what should I do? To answer it, you need to conduct a series of surveys, analyzes. If a pathology is detected, appropriate treatment will be prescribed. We will not be able to make a diagnosis with you, but we will be able to find out how often a person should defecate normally and when the frequency of defecation indicates a pathology.

Diarrhea and stool retention

Diarrhea, diarrhea - usually characterized by a liquid, and in some cases, watery consistency, occurs often, up to 10 times a day. With a delay in defecation, called constipation, feces harden, become rough, their consistency loses elasticity. When passing through the rectum, they can injure the mucous membrane. With constipation, defecation can occur 1 time in 3 days.

As a rule, such violations of the frequency of bowel movements are symptoms of a certain disease. If you have diarrhea or constipation, you should consult a gastroenterologist or proctologist. If an adult has hyperperistalsis (frequent stools), several times a day, but does not bring any inconvenience, negative sensations, this can be considered the norm.

However, doctors recommend, in this case, to observe the appearance of their bowel movements (consistency, color, impurities, smell). If everything is in order with this, but a person walks very often in a day, it is recommended to visit a psychotherapist. Frequent stools may indicate the presence of a somatoform disorder.

Why do I often go to the toilet for the most part? Causes of frequent stools

If frequent stools of normal consistency are observed in a newborn, this indicates a healthy digestion of the baby. If an adult often goes to the toilet for a long time, this may indicate some pathological conditions.

As we have already said, the norm of such trips to the toilet is considered 1 time per day. Or 2 times, under the condition of increased body weight or eating a large amount of food, or if the foods eaten have a laxative effect (for example, prunes). I clarify that this is not about diarrhea. We are talking about frequent stools of normal consistency.

Sometimes frequent stools in an adult are observed due to insufficient production of enzymes, when the intestines lose their ability to fully break down fats, proteins, carbohydrates. In this case, the urge to go to the toilet occurs a few hours after eating.

Of course, with a normal metabolism, the frequency of bowel movements can also be more than 2 times a day. But in this case, the stool does not change its consistency, color, smell, does not have inclusions, impurities. However, in any case, it is better to contact a gastroenterologist, take tests for enzymes.

When is frequent stool a symptom of pathology?

When the patient asks the question: why do I go to the toilet so often for the most part, what should I do in this case? The only answer is to consult a specialist. Especially if bowel movements occur more than five times a day. In this case, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible, since this condition cannot be considered normal and is often a symptom of certain, sometimes quite dangerous diseases. For example:

Crohn's disease affecting the colon;
- various types of colitis;
- the presence of salmonellosis;
- dysentery, hyperthyroidism, and intestinal tuberculosis;
- oncological disease - a tumor of the colon or rectum.

All these and other pathologies, bowel diseases can be accompanied by frequent stools, mainly diarrhea. External signs of bowel movements change: consistency, color, smell. Extraneous inclusions, impurities (mucus, blood) may be observed.

If frequent stools are liquid, watery, painful, we are talking about diarrhea. This is a symptom of a large number of various gastrointestinal diseases, including dysbacteriosis, food poisoning. There is no need for medical assistance.

Frequent trips to the toilet can occur due to insufficient production of bile acids by the body. Then the feces acquire a pale color, oily, shiny texture. At the same time, the quality of vision decreases in a person, especially in the evening, the bones become more fragile, brittle. Bleeding is observed in the anal area. All these are symptoms of diseases of the liver, biliary tract, or duodenum.

How to normalize frequent stools? What to do for this?

The sooner the pathology is detected, the better. If you try to endure the urge to go to the toilet for the most part, the consequences can be very unpleasant. In particular, constipation may develop, causing slagging of the body. In the intestines, fecal stones will begin to form, injuring the intestinal mucosa.

Therefore, the first step is to find the cause of this condition. To do this, you need to see a doctor, undergo the necessary examination, take tests. You may need to undergo an ultrasound of the internal organs, do a colonoscopy.

Kal or chair, or excreta, or feces(lat. faces) - the contents of the lower sections of the colon, excreted from the body during defecation. Feces are the end product of digestion resulting from complex biochemical processes in the gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that feces are formed from chyme in the large intestine.

The daily amount of feces in healthy people can vary markedly. Plant food increases the amount of feces, animal - reduces. With a mixed diet, the daily amount of feces usually does not exceed 190-200 g.

The original feces of newborns is called meconium. Black tarry feces with a fetid odor - melena.

The medical scale of the forms of human feces, including 7 gradations of the type of feces, from hardened dark lumps to watery slurry, is called "".

Characteristics of the feces of a healthy person

Normal stool has a dense consistency and a cylindrical shape. A large amount of plant foods in the diet makes the feces thick and mushy. A liquid-mushy or watery consistency of feces can be with a large intake of water.

The color of feces on a normal mixed diet is dark brown, on a meat diet it is black-brown, on a vegetarian diet it is light brown, and on a milk diet it is light brown or light yellow. Taking bismuth and bismuth-containing drugs (De-Nol, Ventrisol, Novobismol, Pilocid, Vikanol life, Bismuth tripotassium dicitrate, Vitridinol, Ulcavis, Escape, Tribimol, Gastro-norm, Pepto-Bismol) make feces black. Iron gives feces a black color with a greenish tinge. Sorrel and spinach give the feces a greenish tint, pork - reddish. Blueberries and black currants stain the feces black or black-brown.

Feces usually have a mild, unpleasant odor, which is due to the presence in it of indole, skatole, phenol, creazoles and other substances formed as a result of bacterial breakdown of proteins.

Feces normally should not contain mucus, blood, pus, food debris.

Microorganisms in the feces of a healthy person

Qualitative and quantitative composition of the main microflora of the large intestine in a healthy person in colony-forming units (CFU) in terms of 1 g of feces (according to OST 91500.11.0004-2003 "Protocol of patient management. Intestinal dysbacteriosis"):

Types of microorganisms	*Age, years*
Types of microorganisms	less than 1	1–60	over 60
Bifidobacteria ( Bifidobacterium)	10 10 –10 11	10 9 –10 10	10 8 –10 9
Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus)	10 6 –10 7	10 7 –10 8	10 6 –10 7
Bacteroids ( Bacteroides)	10 7 –10 8	10 9 –10 10	10 10 –10 11
Enterococci ( Enterococcus)	10 5 –10 7	10 5 –10 8	10 6 – 10 7
Fusobacteria ( Fusobacterium)	<10 6	10 8 –10 9	10 8 –10 9
Eubacteria ( Eubacterium)	10 6 –10 7	10 9 –10 10	10 9 –10 10
Peptostreptococcus ( Peptostreptococcus)	<10 5	10 9 –10 10	10 10
Clostridia ( Clostridium)	⩽10 3	⩽10 5	⩽10 6
Escherichia coli ( Escherichia coli) typical	10 7 –10 8	10 7 –10 8	10 7 –10 8
Escherichia coli lactose-negative	<10 5	<10 5	<10 5
Escherichia coli hemolytic	0	0	0
Other opportunistic bacteria: Klebsiella ( Klebsiella), Enterobacter ( Enterobacter), hafnium ( hafnia), serratia ( Serratia), proteus ( Proteus), morganella ( Morganella), providences ( Providencia), citrobacter ( Citrobacter) and others	<10 4	<10 4	<10 4
Staphylococcus aureus ( Staphylococcus aureus)	0	0	0
Staphylococcus saprophytic ( Staphylococcus saprophyticus) and epidermal ( Staphylococcus epidermidis)	⩽10 4	⩽10 4	⩽10 4
Mushrooms of the genus Candida	⩽10 3	⩽10 4	⩽10 4
Non-fermenting bacteria: Pseudomonas ( Pseudomonas), Acinetobacter ( Acinetobacter) and others	⩽10 3	⩽10 4	⩽10 4

Fungi are found in the feces of approximately 65-70% of healthy people. candida albicans(Burova S.A.)

acidity of feces

The acidity of the feces of a healthy person eating a mixed diet is determined by the vital activity of the microflora of the large intestine and is equal to 6.8–7.6 pH. The acidity of feces is considered normal in the range from 6.0 to 8.0 pH. The acidity of meconium is about 6 pH. Deviations from the norm in the acidity of feces:

sharply acidic (pH less than 5.5) occurs with fermentative dyspepsia
acidic (pH 5.5 to 6.7) may be due to malabsorption of fatty acids in the small intestine
alkaline (pH from 8.0 to 8.5) may be due to putrefaction of food proteins that are not digested in the stomach and small intestine and inflammatory exudate as a result of the activation of putrefactive microflora and the formation of ammonia and other alkaline components in the large intestine
sharply alkaline (pH over 8.5) occurs with putrefactive dyspepsia (colitis)

About constipation, diarrhea, fecal incontinence

Read more about constipation in the American Gastroenterological Association's Guidelines for Constipation. The crux of the problem." Part I and Part II, “Constipation. World Organization of Gastroenterology Practice Guide”, “Nutrition for children with constipation”, “Non-pharmacological measures for constipation”, “10 tips from the American College of Gastroenterology for constipation and fecal incontinence”, and the article “Constipation”.

About Fecal Incontinence: "Fecal Incontinence" from the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Feces in children with various diseases

In the first day or two of life, healthy newborns excrete meconium - feces, which is a thick, viscous mass of dark olive color, odorless, accumulated in the intestines before the birth of the child, before the first application to the breast. The absence of epithelial cells in the composition of meconium may be a sign of intestinal obstruction in the newborn. The admixture of meconium to the amniotic fluid at the beginning of labor indicates intrauterine asphyxia. Feces in children of the first year of life on natural feeding are mushy, golden yellow in color with a slightly acidic odor. The number of bowel movements - up to 7 times a day in the first half of the year, and 2-3 times a day - in the second. With artificial feeding, the feces are thicker, putty-like consistency, light yellow in color, with an unpleasant odor, the number of bowel movements is 3-4 times a day for up to six months and 1-2 times a day for up to a year. In older children, the feces are shaped (a type of sausage), dark brown in color, do not contain pathological impurities (mucus, blood). Defecation occurs 1-2 times a day. With various diseases, the nature of the stool changes, there are:

dyspeptic stool, liquid with an admixture of mucus, greenery, white lumps, frothy, sour smell, occurs with simple dyspepsia - "fermentative dyspepsia"
"Hungry" stool, meager, reminiscent of dyspeptic, but thicker, darker, happens with malnutrition
stool with toxic dyspepsia is watery, light yellow in color with an admixture of mucus
with colienteritis, the feces are liquid, ocher-yellow, less often greenish, with an admixture of mucus and white lumps
with salmonellosis, the feces are liquid, the color of marsh greens, a small amount of mucus, there is no blood
with dysentery, the stool is quickened (up to 15 times), contains a large amount of mucus, pus and streaks of blood, there are almost no feces, defecation is accompanied by tenesmus
with typhoid fever, the stool is quickened (up to 10 times), liquid, fetid, in the form of pea puree, occasionally contains an admixture of bile
with cholera, stools are almost continuous (up to 100 times a day), plentiful, in the form of rice water, never contain blood
with food poisoning, the stool is liquid, frequent, profuse, greenish-yellow in color with an admixture of mucus, rarely streaked with blood
with amoebiasis, the stool is quickened, the color of raspberry jelly
with giardiasis, stools 3-4 times a day, yellow-green in color, soft consistency
with viral hepatitis, the stool is acholic, gray-clay color, without pathological impurities
malabsorption syndromes are characterized by polyfecal matter, when the amount of feces exceeds 2% of the food eaten and the liquid drunk. This syndrome is observed with disaccharide deficiency (lactose and sucrose), celiac disease (intolerance to gluten, gliadin), intolerance to cow's milk protein, with

Frequent stools in a newborn baby are a sign of health. As a rule, the child poops with mushy masses, while the color of the feces is yellow or green, you can observe the presence of particles of processed milk or a mixture. Such a picture is a common occurrence and parents should not worry. If the baby poops with increased frequency or does it very rarely, experiencing discomfort from bloating or colic, gaining weight poorly and eating without appetite, this is a signal to go to the pediatrician for a consultation.

Age norms for stool frequency

For breastfed babies

Let's talk about what are the norms of defecation in a newborn. Young parents should be aware that the color, texture, and amount of breastfeeding baby's bowel movements are not always the same.

The quality of the chair is influenced by many factors: the amount of water and the type of food, the time of day and the characteristics of the child's body. The emotional background and physical condition of a nursing mother also affect the number of bowel movements.

Features of the chair of children up to 2 months

We list age-related changes in stool frequency:

1 day. Meconium - the original stool, tarry and black, is characteristic of all newborns. Children on the first day of life may defecate one or even more than six times a day.
2-7 days. Meconium may have already stopped, but its presence is also quite normal. The original feces accumulate in the children's intestines during the period of prenatal development. He needs to completely go out in order to be replaced by ordinary feces. For this age, stools in the amount of one to three per day are characteristic.
2 weeks (we recommend reading:). For a newborn during this period, an irregular bowel movement is quite acceptable (more details in the article:). The number of bowel movements for each baby will be individual, depending on the lactation of the mother. The constant change in the composition of breast milk during the first month due to the establishment of lactation affects the quality and quantity of the baby's stool. At this age, the baby may begin increased gas formation and colic may appear.
3-5 weeks. Mom's milk acts as a laxative, so frequent stools are often observed - up to 10 bowel movements per day. The number of bowel movements directly depends on the number of feedings. A small number of bowel movements in 1 month (less than 4 times) indicates that the young mother does not have enough milk.
Starting from the sixth week. During this period, parents may notice a sharp decrease in the number of bowel movements. Lack of bowel movements can be observed for a day, two or even three. What is the reason? The enzyme crisis is to blame. The renewal of breast milk provokes the appearance of new enzymes, to which the small organism is now getting used. The process of adaptation can take up to several weeks - during this period, you can notice both an increase in the desire to suck on the breast, and the rejection of mother's milk.

After 6 weeks, children have an enzyme crisis - the baby's gastrointestinal tract is completely rebuilt for mother's breast milk, in connection with which new enzymes are produced

Number of stools after 2 months to a year

We continue to study the change in defecation:

2 months. The individual rhythm of the gastrointestinal tract begins precisely from this age. Bowel movements at this age are no longer so frequent. Pediatricians note that each two-month-old child may have its own characteristics and the amount of stool: some poop once or twice a day, while others do it still intensively - up to six times. Both options are considered normal.
6 months. The prepared body of a 6-month-old baby and a large number of enzymes allow you to start introducing complementary foods. The quality of the stool changes even before the start of complementary foods: the appearance of a specific smell is noted, the density of the feces increases, and the number of bowel movements decreases.
A one-year-old baby can poop one to three times a day.

There are no clear norms for the number of bowel movements for infants. The presence of a chair after each feeding is a completely normal picture. A child who poops a lot can be weighed more often, starting from the second week, since the first week of life is characterized by weight loss, and the second - the beginning of a set of treasured grams. No matter how many bowel movements a day your baby has, a weekly increase of 150 g is a sign of normality.

By the year the child's stool is set at a frequency of about 1-3 times a day, its consistency and smell also change. This is due to a change in diet and the beginning of the use of "adult" food.

For formula-fed babies

It is noted that artificially fed babies can poop with the same intensity as babies, but still, in most cases, an artificial baby poops less often. This difference is associated with a longer absorption of the adapted mixture compared to mother's milk:

Number of feedings = number of bowel movements. For a child on an artificial type of feeding, the same principle is characteristic as with breastfeeding. The baby receives the mixture every 3.5 hours, which means that the number of bowel movements will also decrease.
Thickness of feces. The feces of formula-fed babies are denser, which affects the different times of bowel movements and their regularity. The long passage of feces through the intestines leads to its hardening and possible constipation.
Stool retention. A sign of stool retention in an artificial baby is the absence of defecation during the day, which would be quite normal for a breastfed baby.

The baby may experience constipation or suffer from frequent loose stools due to an improperly selected mixture. Consulting with a pediatrician will help solve this problem. Choosing the right mixture together and smoothly transitioning to it will help to establish a chair.

Frequent change of the adapted mixture is harmful to the child's digestive system. A small body must get used to the new composition of the mixture, and a frequent or abrupt change in food provokes an increase in the frequency of stools, or vice versa - greatly reduces it.

Get rid of constipation in 4 steps

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

Constipation in children who eat mother's milk is a rare phenomenon. You don’t have to worry if the baby poops on its own every three days, this indicates the correct assimilation of mother’s milk. A chair even once every 5 days for infants is considered the norm by pediatricians, provided that the child feels well.

If a mother notices frequent whims, increased gas formation, colic or refusal to eat, it is worth resorting to auxiliary means:

Lactulose syrup (we recommend reading:). Milk sugar - lactulose helps the active work of the intestines. Such a safe laxative can be purchased at any pharmacy without a prescription. Pediatricians advise keeping it in an individual baby. Of the side effects, there may be an increase in the amount of gases in the first days of taking the drug. It is necessary to start treatment with small doses, exceeding the amount is not permissible.
Children's glycerin suppositories (we recommend reading:). Such candles should be placed only when necessary. One candle, as a rule, solves the problem. Irregular stools and the inability of the child to poop on their own, the need to regularly resort to the help of candles is a signal to seek help from a pediatrician.
Enema or gas tube. These procedures are not recommended to be performed regularly. They should be used only as a life-saving remedy for severe bloating and the absence of stools for several days. About that, and an enema, read our article.
Gymnastics and tummy massage. Such physical activity will help the intestines to start working. In this case, there will be an active promotion of fecal masses and the discharge of gases.

Glycerin suppositories are an emergency remedy that allows you to quickly solve the problem of childhood constipation (for more details, see the article: