Drugs for the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia. Diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia and its impact on pregnancy

In half of the cases of infertility or successful conception of a baby, it is the man who is responsible. Quantitative and quality condition sperm is not always able to help in conception. At timely diagnosis And proper treatment the ability of sperm to fertilize an egg can be restored. In this article we will tell you what asthenoteratozoospermia is and how to treat it. Let's look at what asthenozoospermia is.

Asthenoteratozoospermia in men

Asthenoteratozoospermia is a concept in urology that describes the condition of sperm. This term denotes a decrease in the speed of gametes or asthenozoospermia, as well as a decrease in the number of normal structure of male germ cells or asthenonecrozoospermia.

For information! Asthenozoospermia is a pathological condition of the ejaculate, characterized by sharp decline sperm speed.

According to statistics, both diagnoses occur simultaneously in men and are called asthenoteratozoospermia. This condition is due to the fact that the motility of germ cells directly depends on the normal and correct structure of the sperm. It is when sperm is disrupted that conception becomes impossible. This pathology classified into several characteristics:

Type 1 - the seminal fluid contains 50% or more of the correct structure of sperm with normal mobility;
Type 2 - the number of healthy male germ cells varies between 30-50%;
Type 3 - the number of healthy male germ cells is less than 30%.

Important! With type 3 asthenozoospermia, a diagnosis of infertility is made.

Causes of asthenoteratozoospermia

What is asthenozoospermia and what factors cause this disease in men? The main causes of asthenozoospermia are caused by changes in the composition of seminal fluid, which can be caused by diseases or other associated factors. The main causes of male infertility include the following:

teratozoospermia– a condition in which the structure of the sperm is disrupted, as a result of which the ability of their movement in the required direction may change;
asthenozoospermia – low activity male reproductive cells and their weakening;
Azoospermia is a condition in which there are no male reproductive cells in the ejaculate;
oligozoospermia– low number of sperm in seminal fluid;
akinospermia – absence of sperm release during ejaculation;

For information! Chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes and other infectious diseases can cause infertility in men.

poor nutrition and frequent diet abuse;
frequent hot baths, visits to baths or saunas;
transferred infectious diseases in childhood, For example, chronic tonsillitis, erysipelas, infectious mumps;
constantly wearing tight and uncomfortable clothes underwear;
violations in hormonal background, for example, changes in testosterone, LH, FSH and prolactin levels;
genital injuries;
Availability chronic diseases pelvic organs, for example, prostatitis;
congenital diseases;
constant intoxication (alcohol, nicotine, radiation, medicines, heavy metals).

For information! Varicocele - varicose veins veins in spermatic cord and scrotum, can also cause infertility.

Treatment of asthenozoospermia is based on clinical trials, which reflect the reason for the decrease in sperm activity or the absence of sperm.

Signs and methods for diagnosing asthenoteratozoospermia

In medicine it is noted that asthenoteratozoospermia has no obvious clinical manifestations and symptoms. The only manifestation of the disease is the inability to conceive a child for long period time.

For information! Infertility in men can occur against the background of inflammatory processes, in which case all symptoms are attributed to the main type of disease.

Asthenozoospermia causes and treatment are prescribed based on the diagnosis, which is made only after taking a spermogram. Using the analysis, the degree of the disease is determined. As a rule, a spermogram is carried out 3 times with a mandatory break of up to 2 months. For getting accurate results It is recommended that a man follow the following recommendations:

exclude sexual intercourse 3 days before the test;
eliminate smoking;
do not wear tight underwear made of synthetic fabrics;
If possible, avoid stressful situations, depression and overwork;
do not visit baths, saunas, hot baths;
exclude strong ones physical exercise.

For information! If there are no reasons for the formation of the disease, it is recommended to undergo genetic testing to identify congenital spermatogenesis.

Before taking a spermogram, a man needs to empty his bladder, wash the genitals and donate ejaculate. Received seminal fluid examined under a microscope, where the main indicator of sperm is assessed. The occurrence of the cause of the disease is established based on studies that include:

general and detailed blood test with mandatory determination of glucose levels;
analysis to determine hidden sexually transmitted infections;
performing prostate palpation;
identifying the level of prolactin and testosterone in a man’s body;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

In order to understand what asthenoteratozoospermia is and how to treat this disease, correct diagnosis is very important.

Treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia

The occurrence of infertility disease in men can be caused by various factors, therefore, asthenozoospermia and its treatment are carried out according to individual scheme taking into account the characteristics of the organism. The main methods of therapy are prescribed by an embryologist and an andrologist. The disease can be cured in the following ways:

auxiliary reproductive technology(IVF, PIXI, artificial insemination);
surgical intervention;
drug therapy.

For information! The treatment method is prescribed based on the identified etiological factor, which provoked asthenozoospermia.

After identifying the cause of the disease, drug therapy is selected for the patient. The course of treatment includes taking adaptogenic and antioxidant drugs, which significantly improve sperm quality. Asthenozoospermia - treatment, drugs used to restore seminal fluid:

Tribestan is a drug that has a positive effect on sperm activity. Tribestan can be used to treat immune infertility And erectile dysfunction;
Biological supplements - as natural ingredients use Spermactin. This medicine is available in powder form, its main task is aimed at increasing the mobility of gametes and their normal maturation;
Vitamin E - helps normalize testosterone levels in male body;
Folic acid- stimulates the growth of new cells and improves their morphology.

For information! Dietary supplements stabilize cell membranes, increase fertilizing properties and improve metabolic processes.

It is worth noting, medicinal method treatments can be combined with folk ones. For example, elecampane herb helps improve sperm quality and increases the motility of male reproductive cells. To prepare the infusion, you will need crushed elecampane root, rose hips and 500 milliliters of water, pour in the mixture, boil for 15 minutes, leave and strain. It is necessary to take the infusion for two days, one tablespoon every two hours.

If a man has been identified as having a genetic predisposition to the development of infertility, an IVF procedure is offered as an alternative.

If there are anomalies in the structure of the organs responsible for reproductive function, surgical intervention. Quite often, experts include massage treatments prostate gland and physical therapy. It is recommended to include in your diet foods rich in zinc, selenium, L-carotene and vitamin E. In general, male infertility is treatable and brings positive results.

The problem with the activity of male reproductive cells most often arises due to the abuse of alcoholic beverages, the use of drugs and nicotine products. Correct lifestyle, nutrition, diagnostics, timely treatment inflammatory diseases and infertility, can completely restore sperm quality and gamete motility.

Often long absence children in the family is caused by various disorders of the male reproductive system. In some cases, the cause of infertility is married couple is asthenoteratozoospermia. The causes of this pathology are in the patient’s lifestyle, attitude towards his health, certain types of diseases, in rare cases genetic disorders occur.

It is important to know what the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is based on, the causes and symptoms of asthenoteratozoospermia, whether pregnancy is possible with asthenoteratozoospermia and what are the results of treatment for asthenoteratozoospermia.

This medical term denotes a combination of asthenozoospermia (decreased sperm motility) and teratozoospermia (the appearance of sperm with abnormal structure and a decrease in the number of normal sperm). Since sperm motility depends on their structure, these two conditions are interrelated.

The diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is made based on the results of several spermograms. The diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is made if there is a decrease in motility in more than 50% of sperm, and the number of sperm of the correct structure is less than 30%. To clarify the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia and identify causes that may affect sperm maturation, an ultrasound scan of the scrotal organs is performed and hormonal levels are determined.

Asthenoteratozoospermia. Causes

Asthenoteratozoospermia, the causes of which are irregular structure sperm and their low speed, develops due to exposure to various negative factors. Sperm quality may be affected heat, circulatory disorders, inflammatory processes of the genitourinary area, injuries and diseases. A sperm is a male gamete, which consists of a head, neck, body and tail. Its motor ability depends on the correct structure. The head of the sperm must have oval shape, it carries an acrosome, which during fertilization female gamete secretes enzymes that dissolve the membrane of the female reproductive cell. It depends on this whether fertilization will take place or not. An acrosome is a membrane vesicle that carries lytic enzymes and occupies half the volume of the sperm head. The head of the sperm contains a haploid nucleus, which carries a set of chromosomes. The sperm neck connects the head and body of the sperm, thanks to which oscillatory movements occur. The sperm body consists of microtubules and mitochondria, which transform nutrients into the energy of sperm movement. The tail or flagellum of the sperm is the longest part of the gamete. It should look like a smooth cylinder without various flaws, which makes great amount oscillating movements to move the sperm a few millimeters. Active sperm have a thinning at the end, which helps increase the speed of the gamete. Small size The male reproductive cell contributes to the speed of its movement.

Any disturbance in the structure of the sperm leads to a decrease in the speed of movement, changes the direction of movement of the sperm - this has Negative influence on ability male gametes to fertilization.

Asthenoteratozoospermia, the causes of which are a combination of several pathologies, is often associated with in an unhealthy way life – alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking. All these factors have a detrimental effect on the ejaculate, the health of the male reproductive system, and contribute to the development of asthenoteratozoospermia. The causes of the disease are varied, ranging from traumatic sports (cycling, horse riding) to simple obesity.

Asthenoteratozoospermia can be observed with:

inflammatory diseases genitourinary system;
scrotal injuries;
overheating and compression of the testicles;
varicocele;
infectious diseases(mumps, sore throat, erysipelas)
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs);
violations hormonal balance;
violation of spermatogenesis.

An important cause of asthenoteratozoospermia is genetic predisposition. Among the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia can also be mentioned poor nutrition and bad habits.

Asthenoteratozoospermia. Symptoms

Unfortunately, there are no symptoms of asthenoteratozoospermia. The man has no complaints and his ejaculatory function does not suffer. If we talk about asthenoteratozoospermia, the only symptom and complaint is the inability to conceive. This is a reason to see a doctor and get examined. Without a special analysis (spermogram), it is impossible to diagnose asthenoteratozoospermia.

If present inflammatory process(for example, a man is diagnosed with prostatitis, orchitis, epididymitis or vesiculitis), then symptoms characteristic of these diseases appear, and the spermogram shows asthenozoospermia, pyospermia ( increased amount leukocytes). Normally, the permissible number of leukocytes in 1 ml of sperm is up to 1 million. In this case, the inflammatory process and pyospermia become the cause of asthenoteratozoospermia. If the tests show asthenoteratozoospermia or pyospermia, then the doctor prescribes a sperm culture to identify the pathogen; in addition, sensitivity to antibiotics is determined for the purpose of the most effective treatment.

Asthenoteratozoospermia: how to treat

Since the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia are varied, treatment should be individualized. In the absence of congenital or acquired pathology of the genitourinary system, or inflammatory diseases, spermogram indicators sometimes improve after eliminating a factor harmful to the process of sperm maturation. To do this, it is enough to change your lifestyle, eliminate stressful situations, refuse bad habits. In such situations, when treating asthenoteratozoospermia, special vitamin complexes for men are also prescribed, as well as drugs that stimulate spermatogenesis (speman, spermactin, tribestan and others).

If asthenoteratozoospermia is caused by an infection of the genitourinary system, then treatment will first of all be aimed at eliminating inflammation, and then a course of rehabilitation treatment(vitamins, adaptogens, antioxidants, spermatogenesis stimulants). In the case when asthenoteratozoospermia is caused by varicocele, anomalies in the development of the genital organs, microsurgical treatment is indicated. In some cases competent treatment helps restore the fertilizing ability of sperm. Treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia, which is caused by bad habits, begins with giving up alcohol, smoking, and drugs. A healthy lifestyle has a positive effect on sperm quality. It should be remembered that chemotherapy, cancer treatment with certain types of drugs, can affect the development of asthenoteratozoospermia. The reasons lie in negative impact such therapy on the cells of the body, including male reproductive cells.

Asthenoteratozoospermia and pregnancy

A frequently asked question is - if a husband has asthenoteratozoospermia, is it possible for a wife to become pregnant in the presence of such a pathology? There is no definite answer, since everything depends on the severity of the pathology and the cause that caused it. If the cause is removable, then treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia is carried out for more than one month and is often completed long-awaited pregnancy. Is it possible to get pregnant if my husband has grade 3 asthenoteratozoospermia? Of course, treatment of grade 3 asthenoteratozoospermia will take more time, patience and effort, but most likely you will have to use assisted reproductive technologies.

Asthenoteratozoospermia and IVF

Whatever the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia, timely consultation with a doctor in most cases gives positive results. If pregnancy does not occur within several years of treatment for asthenoteratozoospermia, then for asthenoteratozoospermia, IVF ICSI can become the main method to help achieve pregnancy and make your dream of children come true. Spermatozoa of normal structure are isolated from the sperm, the egg is fertilized by puncture, and the embryo is implanted in the uterus. Treatment is carried out at the IVF Center medical clinic severe forms male infertility. The center also has a bank donor sperm, meeting all the necessary requirements.

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Asthenoteratozoospermia, what is it? This term, common in reproductology, has Greek roots and is formed from several parts. “Astheno-” means weakness, lethargy, “terato-” means ugliness, monstrosity. “Zoo-” characterizes living things, and finally “sperm” indicates seed, sperm.

Accordingly, the answer to the question of asthenoteratozoospermia, what it is, asks itself. Under asthenoteratozoospermia in medical practice understand a significant violation motor function And morphological characteristics sperm of a sexually mature man. This is a disorder of spermatogenesis. The condition in question is relatively rare, affecting 1 man in 10,000 people. What should you know about asthenoteratozoospermia?

We are talking about a complex, systemic violation of the reproductive characteristics of germ cells, since not only their lethargy is observed, but also a defective structure. In practice, this means that with a high degree of probability several factors are involved. Let's consider what causes of asthenozoospermia can be named.

First of all, these are infectious and viral diseases of a generalized nature. According to the latest medical research, the greatest danger for representatives of the stronger sex is the so-called mumps (mumps). Outside therapy this disease provokes orchitis and severe damage to the testicles. The result is already clear - a violation of spermatogenesis and the formation of defective germ cells.

Traumatic damage to the testes entails a temporary acquired pathological condition. With proper treatment, the functions and composition of sperm are restored to normal indicators(this happens, on average, 3 months after the injury).

Hyperthermia. Normal spermatogenesis is possible only if the testicular temperature does not exceed 34.5 degrees Celsius. Visiting baths, saunas, taking hot baths, wearing tight synthetic underwear are all factors in the development of severe asthenoteratozoospermia. However, as with trauma, we're talking about O temporary disorder reproductive function.

Abnormal development of the testicles is usually congenital. The most dangerous disease is cryptorchidism - a condition when the testicles cannot exit the retroperitoneum into the scrotum. With a 50-60% probability, even unilateral damage to the testes entails persistent impairment of fertility. Additionally, among the anomalies of testicular development are hypoplasia (underdevelopment), anorchism (absence of testicles) and others.

Endocrine pathologies. Most often we talk about:

excess male sex hormones (excessive production of androgens);
diabetes mellitus in the decompensation phase, if no treatment was prescribed or the patient receives incorrect and ineffective therapy;
hypothyroidism is a deficiency of the thyroid gland;
the presence in the blood of an increased concentration of the hormone prolactin due to diseases of the pituitary gland (usually we are talking about tumors of the chiasmal-sellar region);
excessive concentration of estrogen.

Radiation effects on the body of a representative of the stronger sex. Due to frequent X-ray studies, conducting radiation therapy, service on submarines, work at nuclear power plants. Intoxication damage to the body chronic. Lead, ethyl alcohol, silicates, etc.

Sexually transmitted diseases. In other words, sexually transmitted infections.
Physical inactivity. Lack of movement. Hyperdynamia, which entails a decrease in testosterone concentration. Incorrect menu. The nutritional reason plays an important role.

As a rule, there is the whole complex pathological reasons, therefore, we can rightfully call asthenoteratozoospermia a polyetiological and multifactorial condition. The pathology in question is never primary. It is always secondary to one disease or another. The most common culprits are prostatitis and infectious viral diseases.

Symptoms

As a rule, asthenoteratozoospermia does not manifest any symptoms at all. Main external sign- this is the inability to conceive a full-fledged child for a long time. In what cases are we talking about infertility? The combination of three factors is important:

The frequency of sexual intercourse is at least once a month.
No problems with the reproductive system of the spouse.
The duration of attempts is from six months or more.

However, even if the situation corresponds to all the above signs, we are not talking about asthenoteratozoospermia. It can only be identified through objective research. The first examination that a representative of the stronger sex must undergo is a spermogram.

Degrees

Medical practice, developed in 2010 by the World Health Organization, knows about three degrees of severity of asthenoteratozoospermia:

First degree. When the number of healthy and full-fledged germ cells is half or more of all cytological units.
Second degree. In this case we are talking about a range from 31 to 50% of healthy cytological units.
Finally, the third stage is spoken of in a situation where the number of sperm capable of fertilization does not exceed 30%. This condition occurs most often, because patients, due to their own carelessness, turn to the doctor too late.

The severity of the process can only be determined through a spermogram.

Diagnostics

Asthenoteratozoospermia can be diagnosed by an andrologist or reproductologist. They are the ones you should contact first if you suspect problems in the sexual sphere. On initial appointment the doctor interviews the patient, determines the nature and extent of the complaints, their duration. It is important to tell everything accurately and not forget details. Additionally, anamnesis is collected. Factors such as injuries received, infectious and inflammatory diseases, etc. play a huge diagnostic role.

A spermogram puts an end to the question. According to the same medical practice, a healthy seed must meet the following criteria:

The volume of semen should be at least 1 milliliter or more (about a full teaspoon).
The number of cytological units is 30-45 million.
The concentration of germ cells per milliliter of seminal fluid is about 10-16 million units.
The number of active germ cells is about 60%.
Acidity no more and no less than 7.
Leukocytes are normally single.
The number of defective cells is no more than 1-2%.

It is important that you need to donate sperm for analysis according to certain rules. What recommendations are we talking about?

Before the start of the study, you should give up sexual contact 4-5 days. Otherwise the result will be false.
Overheating of the testicles must be eliminated within a few days, otherwise spermatogenesis will be disrupted.
Alcohol is eliminated for a week. Ethanol negatively affects sperm.
Stress and physical overload should be avoided.

Therapy

IN mandatory appointed drug treatment, as well as diet. Among the drugs, preference is given to pharmaceuticals to eliminate the primary pathology that caused such a difficult condition. These are anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antibacterial drugs and other medicines. Specific names are selected by a specialist based on the severity of the underlying disease.

Importance is also attached to a correct lifestyle:

Smoking is excluded.
You can't drink alcohol, even in minimum quantities. Ethanol is the enemy of a healthy reproductive system.
It is important to adhere to the optimal physical activity, but don't overwork yourself.
The diet should contain as many nuts, seafood, vegetables, and fruits as possible.
No canned food, semi-finished products, fried, smoked, fatty foods.
You should wear comfortable, loose cotton underwear.
Additionally, vitamin and mineral complexes are prescribed to maintain the health of the reproductive system as a whole.

Consequences

We have already figured out asthenoteratozoospermia, what it is and how to treat it. However, one more question remains. Both men themselves and their spouses are interested in the question of whether it is possible to become pregnant naturally with asthenoteratozoospermia. The answer will be twofold.

On the one hand in current state When the sperm count is low, the likelihood of conception is minimal. However, one must also take into account the fact that the degree of violations is always different. At the first stage, conception is quite possible. It should be remembered that teratozoospermia, which is part of the structure of the disease described, is fraught with the development of a defective embryo. The result is spontaneous termination of pregnancy, severe course gestation and the likelihood of having an unhealthy child (with genetic mutations).

On the other hand, you can always go complex treatment and normalize the composition and structure of seminal fluid. This is not easy and requires a whole range of actions on the part of the stronger sex.

Asthenoteratozoospermia - complex disease requiring urgent correction. You cannot do without the help of a doctor. If there is a problem with fertility, you should consult a specialist. Perhaps the condition in question is to blame. Fortunately, it can be corrected using modern methods, although it will require a lot of effort from the man.

It is not always the woman’s health that is to blame for a couple’s failure to get pregnant—male fertility disorders are no less common. For example, the cause may be one of the forms of male infertility – asthenoteratozoospermia.

What is asthenoteratozoospermia?

Spermatogenesis – the development and maturation of germ cells – constantly occurs in a man’s body, resulting in the formation of full-fledged sperm. The testicles located in the scrotum are responsible for the process. Inside, they consist of seminiferous tubules, where spermatids appear. The latter, after a series of divisions, lengthen, acquire a head and turn into sperm. After maturing from the testicle, they move to the epididymis, and this process lasts about 74 days.

The disease asthenoteratozoospermia implies a combination of such disorders in men as low mobility spermatozoa and a malfunction in their structure. Pathology means a defective condition of sperm when more than 20% of the cells are abnormal.

The term is deciphered as follows:

“astheno” - weakness;
"teratos" - ugliness;
"zoo" - living creature;
"sperm" - male seed.

Thus, asthenoteratozoospermia literally means “weak, ugly living seed.” If normally the sperm is a “tadpole” from the nucleus, middle part and flagellum, then with this pathology both the shape and internal structure cells can change. The disease code according to ICD-10 is N46 “Male infertility”.
In the video, spermatozoa with asthenoteratozoospermia:

Causes of pathology

When studying pathology, experts found that chronic inflammatory and infectious pathologies male genital area. Particularly dangerous is viral mumps, or mumps, which a boy can contract in childhood. If a man becomes infected as an adult, the risk of remaining infertile is very high. With poor treatment, mumps causes testicular atrophy.

The same consequences for the body can be caused by common STIs - herpes type 2, chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis and others. They negatively affect the quality of sperm, especially when long absence therapy. Nonspecific infections (prostatitis,) also have a bad effect on the male reproductive system.

Risk factors for the occurrence of asthenoteratozoospermia that act throughout life are recognized as:

Injuries of the testicles, appendages;
Wearing tight synthetic underwear;
UV rays, x-rays, radiation;
Drug addiction, alcoholism;
Hormonal disorders (decrease in testosterone, increase in prolactin, estrogen, etc.);
Thyroid diseases;
Diabetes;
Bad, monotonous food, avitaminosis.

Abuse of baths, saunas, and hot baths also harms sperm, because they mature at low temperatures and die when it rises. Also when congenital defects structure of the testicles in a man, asthenoteratozoospermia may be present, for example, with testicular hypoplasia, anorchism, monorchism.

Stages of pathology

Highlight next stages(degrees) of asthenoteratozoospermia:

Grade 1 - more than 50% of sperm function normally.
Grade 2 - only 30-50% of sperm are correct.
Stage 3 - less than 30% of a man’s reproductive cells are normal.

Forms

Experts classify sperm motility into the following groups:

Group A. Sex cells move up to 30 cm/hour, the nature of the movement is only forward.
Group B. The speed of the cells is very low, they also move forward.
Group C. The activity and speed of the cells are not impaired, but the trajectory is incorrect (they move backward, rotate).
Group D. Spermatozoa are immobile or inactive.

If a man has more than 25% of group A cells in his sperm, and more than 38% of them together with group B, this is normal. Otherwise, a diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia may be made.

Clinical picture

By clinical signs It is very difficult to identify asthenoteratozoospermia, because the external genitalia are formed correctly, have normal size(exception is structural anomalies that caused the disease). Sex life The man is also normal, there are no problems with ejaculation.

But symptoms appear from the reasons that caused the disease:

With - visually noticeable dilation of the veins, pain in the scrotum, pulling sensations, general discomfort.
In inflammatory diseases of the genital area - leukocytosis in blood and urine tests, pain syndrome, increase in local and general temperature.
With leukospermia - leukocytosis in semen tests, pain in the lower abdomen.
With oligospermia, there is a small volume of sperm.

If the causes of asthenoteratozoospermia are associated with in the wrong way life or other hidden phenomena, the only sign is the inability to conceive a child. In some cases, conception occurs, but there may be consequences in the form of a frozen pregnancy at a very early stage.

In many patients, asthenoteratozoospermia is combined with other pathologies, for example, polyspermia. In this case, an increased volume of sperm is observed when there are too many active sperm, and they have disturbances in structure and shape.

Diagnostics

In order to make a diagnosis, a spermogram is performed three times with an interval of 14 days. In order for the analysis to give correct results, a man must carefully prepare for it.

Preparation is carried out according to the following rules:

Stop drinking alcohol and smoking (preferably);
Do not visit the bathhouse, sauna, or take a bath with hot water;
Do not wear tight underwear, especially synthetic ones;
Do not practice heavy physical activity;
Don't overwork yourself;
Avoid stress;
Do not have sex 3 days before the test.

IN medical institution the man must empty his bladder, wash his genitals and donate ejaculate (he is given a separate room for the procedure). Next, the liquid will be examined under a microscope on glass, studying the main indicators. Exposure to a number of reagents is also used ( biochemical analysis sperm).

Normal sperm parameters are:

Volume – from 1.5 ml;
The number of sperm is 33-46 million, in 1 milliliter – 12-16 million;
Number of motile sperm (group A) – 25-35%;
The total number of cells of groups A and B is 38-42%;
Acidity – above 7.2 pH;
Leukocytes – less than 1 million/ml;
Color – white-gray;
Smell – neutral (pungent, bad smell– a sign of infections);
Viscosity – jelly-like, but not too thick.

Dyes are used to detect white blood cells, since these blood cells resemble immature forms of sperm in appearance. If leukocytosis is diagnosed, a series of studies should be carried out to identify an acute inflammatory process.

With asthenoteratozoospermia, the following deviations from the norm are usually found:

The predominance of type C and D cells in sperm.
The shape of the sperm head is irregular, the contours are changed, the size is small or too large. Also, the head may be completely absent.
The neck of the germ cells and their body are short or long, curved.
The sperm flagellum doubles or does not exist at all, the shape and size are incorrect.

To identify the cause of the pathology and select a treatment algorithm, a number of clarifying examinations are required:

BAC, blood biochemistry;
Blood sugar;
Hormone levels, including thyroid hormones;
Ultrasound of the pelvis, scrotum;
Rectal examination of the prostate gland;
STI smears;
Test for antisperm antibodies.

If obvious reason for pathology no, a number of recommended genetic research to search for congenital problems of spermatogenesis.
On the video, the causes and diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia:

How to treat?

Without addressing the causes of the disease, it will be difficult to cure the pathology. Therefore, a man must stop drinking alcohol, smoking, lead an active lifestyle, cure STIs, stop prostatitis, etc. Treatment can take up to several months and require significant effort from the patient himself.

Various drugs can be used to stimulate spermatogenesis:

Vitamin B9 ( folic acid). Usually 0.4 g/day is recommended, as well as increased consumption of vitamin-containing foods - liver, fish, basil, spinach, cottage cheese, walnuts, eggplant.
Vitamin E. Take it in tablets or change your diet - include more nuts, vegetable oil, beans, lard, beef.
Spermactin. Helps the maturation of germ cells and their development, improves metabolism in testicular tissue.
Tribestan. The medicine is used for all types of impotence and infertility.
Selzinc-plus. This vitamin complex includes zinc, vitamin A, ascorbic acid, selenium, serves as a powerful antioxidant, improves metabolic processes.

A course of physiotherapy is often recommended; for inflammatory diseases, antibiotics are recommended. For hormonal abnormalities, hormonal therapy is used. Almost all men are advised to take immunomodulators. The operation is usually performed only for varicoceles, scars and adhesions.

Is it possible to get pregnant?

Getting pregnant naturally is not always possible, depending on the cause of asthenoteratozoospermia and its degree. If the degree is severe, pregnancy is almost impossible.

Treatment provided and healthy image life help to improve sperm levels in a number of men, so pregnancy becomes real.

In other cases, especially with autoimmune and genetic problems, it is recommended to become pregnant through IVF or ICSI. Experts will take from the ejaculate healthy sperm, of which very little is needed. After artificial insemination the embryo is implanted into the uterus. Only when complete absence viable cells, pregnancy will become impossible even with the help of IVF, ICSI.

Disease prevention

To prevent asthenoteratozoospermia you need:

Maintain a healthy lifestyle;
Avoid STIs;
Treat all infections and inflammations in a timely manner;
Eat right, take vitamins;
Do not overheat;
Do not wear low-quality and tight underwear;
Avoid injury to the genitals;
Have regular sex life;
Control body weight.

Forecast

It is difficult to make an accurate prognosis; it is impossible to guarantee a cure. Recovery will be problematic in advanced stages of asthenoteratozoospermia. It all depends on the effort, the duration of the course, and compliance with all the doctor’s instructions. Important and psychological attitude- at strong desire a man can do a lot for his recovery.
In the video about whether it is possible to get pregnant with asthenoteratozoospermia:

Today, many married couples are faced with the problem of a new life. The reasons may be hidden in female body, and in men's. Experts note that in almost 50% of cases, married couple It is not possible to conceive a child due to problems with the reproductive system in men. This problem may hide asthenoteratozoospermia, a disease of the male reproductive system, which, however, is not a death sentence for the stronger sex. In this article we will talk about what asthenoteratozoospermia is and how to treat this disease in men.

What is asthenoteratozoospermia in men

By the diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia, experts mean the abnormal structure of sperm in men, as well as impaired motility.
It should be noted that even among males with strong reproduction, “unhealthy” sperm can be found in the seminal fluid, but their number in relation to the total volume will be insignificant.

There is a certain acceptable limit for abnormal sperm, and if it is exceeded, a diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is made.

Stages

There are three stages of this disease:

The first stage - seminal plasma contains more than 50% sperm, the structure of which does not differ in any abnormalities. Gamete mobility remains at a high level.
The second stage - only 30-50% of gametes remain suitable for gametes, the rest are inactive and/or have some anomalies in the structure.
The third stage - in the total volume of the liquid component of sperm, less than 30% of “viable” sperm remain.

Forms

The diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia does not mean that a man’s sperm is completely infertile. This disease has several forms that can be treated quite well therapeutic effect with timely consultation with a doctor.

Experts note following forms(groups) asthenoteratozoospermia:

Group A - sperm activity is normal, the average speed is 30 cm/hour. The movement is directed purely forward.

Important! Regular use of steroids hormonal drugs may provoke the development of asthenoteratozoospermia.

Group B - movement is also directed forward, but the speed is significantly reduced relative to the optimal one.

Group C - the speed of gametes remains at the optimal level, but the trajectory of their movement is disrupted. They move sideways, backwards or along circular coordinates; due to this mechanism, the male reproductive cells are not able to reach the female egg.

Group D - low-active gametes, randomly moving in any direction, sometimes completely motionless.

In addition, this disease is divided into two more types:

- disturbances in the structure of sperm (abnormally long tail, absence of flagella, changes in the shape of the heads, etc.).
- the mobility of male germ cells is significantly reduced.

If both of the above types of diseases are diagnosed in men, a diagnosis of asthenoteratozoospermia is made.

Doctors note that in most cases, men are diagnosed with two forms of this disease at once, since the abnormal structure of sperm directly affects their motility.

Causes of asthenoteratozoospermia

Scientists and medical experts currently do not know the reliable causes of this disease. However, there are a number of factors that can significantly affect the structure and motility of sperm.

It is these factors that are one of the main reasons for the development of anomalies in the seminal fluid:

Mechanical damage male organs reproductive system.
Dysfunctions on hormonal level can cause infertility not only in women, but also in men. Insufficient synthesis and testosterone can become main reason abnormalities of seminal plasma.
Wearing unsuitable underwear is one of the main causes of asthenoteratozoospermia. Tight synthetic underwear contributes to improper thermoregulation. Experts say that men's testicles should not be constantly squeezed or steamed.
Some viral diseases have a negative impact on the male reproductive system. For example, parotitis affects not only the salivary and pancreas glands, but also the prostate gland, which negatively affects the formation of normal viable sperm.
Regular visits to saunas increase the risk of infertility, since men's testicles constantly experience overheating in the steam room.
Bad ecological situation, regular visits to radiation-contaminated places, frequent X-ray and ultraviolet examinations negatively affect the normal structure formation of sperm.
Bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism and taking narcotic drugs significantly increase the risk of developing seminal fluid abnormalities.
Obesity and management sedentary lifestyle life.
Taking medications without first consulting a doctor.
Dysfunction endocrine system, autoimmune disorders.

Did you know?Earwigs are insects that, when mating, can lose their penis into the female's vagina. But this is not a problem for them, since short terms Earwigs grow a new sex organ.

It is important to understand that asthenoteratozoospermia may be congenital disease, which is practically incurable.

There is evidence that similar pathology male reproductive system may be observed due to genetic mutations during conception and the structure of the fetal body.

Preparing for a spermogram

Above, we have already figured out what kind of diagnosis this is - asthenoteratozoospermia, and we talked about its stages and forms.

But in order for the doctor to prescribe an effective and gentle treatment, it is necessary to make the appropriate diagnosis -.

Preparation for this diagnosis includes the following steps:

Abstain from sexual activity for at least 3-4 days.
It is recommended to refrain from drinking strong alcoholic beverages for 3-5 days before the diagnosis.
4-5 days before the test, it is prohibited to visit saunas, steam baths and other procedures that expose the male genital organs to elevated temperatures.
Increased physical activity is not recommended two days before the start of the diagnostic procedure.
Doctors also recommend giving up smoking (or significantly reducing the frequency of use of nicotine products) 5-7 days before the start of tests.

Decoding the analysis results

After donating the seminal fluid, the characteristics are determined cellular elements sperm.

These characteristics are:

percentage and types of immature sperm;
total number of male gametes;
structural and shaped characteristics of male germ cells;
sperm motility;
analysis of leukocyte parameters;
acidity, viscosity and liquefaction time of ejaculate;
color and total volume of semen released.

Sometimes the above characteristics for the ruling accurate diagnosis not enough.

In such cases, laboratory doctors are forced to do a biochemical analysis of the liquid component of sperm.

This analysis involves identifying individual elements and substances in semen (zinc, fructose, carnitine).

Treatment

In most cases, treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia takes place at home. After a detailed diagnosis, the doctor always advises the patient to give up bad habits and correctly adjust their diet and habits.
Moreover, drug therapy is not always prescribed, but only in the most advanced cases.

It is important to understand that the doctor forces the patient to quit smoking and drinking strong alcoholic drinks not because of his own whim, and in this particular case, his instructions must be followed exactly, otherwise recovery may never occur.

One more important point the fact remains that the treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia will be long-term (since sperm are formed in about 71-75 days, treatment should last no less than the specified period of time).

Important!If there are problems with the reproductive system in men, horseback riding and cycling are prohibited.

Sometimes, to improve motility and normalize the morphological parameters of sperm, doctors prescribe vitamin therapy.
In this case, treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia will occur with the help of drugs based on vitamin E, selenium, zinc, and beta-carotene.

The duration and course of treatment should be prescribed by the specialist who examined the patient.

Traditional treatment

People have been treated with traditional medicine methods for a long time, although in modern world Many individuals tend to sharply criticize this approach to therapy.

And this doesn’t even take into account the fact that many doctors recommend that their patients use traditional medicine recipes.

In case of treatment of asthenoteratozoospermia traditional therapy will come in handy, because they are effective chemical compounds, which could specifically influence the characteristics of seminal fluid have not yet been invented.

Let's figure out how to treat asthenoteratozoospermia with folk remedies:

Ginseng tincture or ginseng extract. You can prepare it yourself or buy it at the pharmacy. Take 20-25 drops half an hour before meals for a month.

Plantain tincture in a water bath. For 250 ml boiled water add 2 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials and infused for 30-40 minutes. Used 15-20 minutes before meals. It is recommended to drink a third of a glass 3-4 times a day.

Tincture of lemongrass leaves in combination with rose oil. The duration and course of treatment should be prescribed by a doctor.

Buy it at the pharmacy Eleutherococcus tincture and take it for a month. 15-20 drops of tincture should be diluted in a glass of water and consumed every morning on an empty stomach.

Although ethnoscience and is safe therapeutic method, it can still harm the human body. After all, tinctures and herbal decoctions can also have their own contraindications and side effects.

Homeopathy

Although many people are skeptical about homeopathic treatments, they show excellent effectiveness and high safety.

With the right treatment homeopathic medicines can be increased sexual attraction in a man and normalize the functions of sperm creation.

When diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia, treating physicians may prescribe the following homeopathic medications:

"Selenium". Main active substance The drug is selenium, which has a positive effect on the correct structure formation of new sperm.
"Testis compositum". This tool Available on pharmacy shelves in the form of injections, which can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. "Testis compositum" has a positive effect on all mechanisms and functions of the male genital organs.
"Zincum meth." A drug for improving sperm quality, the main active ingredient of which is zinc.

Did you know?On average, a man makes about 7,000 thousand ejaculations throughout his life.

To improve and consolidate the effect of treatment with homeopathic medicines, it is necessary to use vitamin therapy. Vitamin B9 and vitamin E will benefit any man, unless, of course, he has contraindications to taking these medications.

Possibilities of conception with asthenoteratozoospermia

Many women often ask questions about whether it is possible to become pregnant naturally if a man has been diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia.

No specialist can provide an exact answer to this question, since each man’s body is purely individual, and the processes of sperm formation can be disrupted or stabilized depending on a host of ambiguous reasons.

But there is a drug that can significantly increase the chances of success when conceiving a new life.

A medication that helps increase sperm motility. But it is important to note that the drug should not be used by a man, but by his wife. It is inserted into the vagina directly 15-20 minutes before the start of sexual intercourse.
"Aktifert" is sold in the form of a gel, developed on the basis of natural ingredients that promote the advancement of sperm to the egg.

IVF and asthenoteratozoospermia

Let's figure out whether it is possible to get pregnant through if a man suffers from asthenoteratozoospermia. As experts say, in the vast majority of cases this is possible!

The IVF procedure itself is the usual fertilization of an egg with sperm, only the germ cells are in a special test tube.

Important!During physiotherapeutic procedures, it is necessary to cover the groin area so as not to harm the male genital organs.

Doctors note that one should not be afraid of such a procedure, since it is painless, effective and gives a high chance of conceiving a new life, only artificially.
During in vitro fertilization (IVF), an egg is taken from a woman’s body, and only the most mobile and morphologically optimal sperm are selected from the man’s seminal fluid.

After this happens artificial conception, and the egg is returned to the woman’s body.

It is important to note that in this case, a child is born to a married couple without any mental or physical defects.

Prevention

Pathology is always easier to prevent than to cure, which is why you should beware of those factors in Everyday life which may increase the risk of developing asthenoteratozoospermia.

As a preventive measure and precautionary measures, the following important points should be noted:

conducting active image life, correct and rational (food should be natural and rich in vitamins and macro/microelements);
quitting smoking, drinking strong drinks alcoholic drinks and drugs;
refusal to wear tight and uncomfortable underwear made from synthetic fabric;
minimizing stressful situations;
body weight control (going to the gym will be beneficial, but obesity can have a bad effect on reproductive system men);
reducing the frequency of visits to saunas and baths;
regularly for the presence of infectious diseases in the body.

In this article, we examined in detail the causes and methods of treating asthenoteratozoospermia. Now you know what it is and whether it is possible to conceive a child using IVF with this disease. But the most important thing is to follow preventive measures, and then the problem may never overtake you.