Pneumosclerosis treatment with folk remedies for 3 days. Causes of pneumosclerosis and effective methods of treatment

Pneumosclerosis is a serious lung disease in which the affected areas of the respiratory organs lose their ability to normal gas exchange. There is a pathological proliferation of non-functioning connective tissue, which gradually replaces the lung parenchyma, this process contributes to the compaction of the lungs, their wrinkling.

Respiratory diseases are the most common among people of all age categories. Probably, every person at least once in his life faced with one of them (bronchitis, sinusitis, etc.). In most cases, such ailments do not cause much concern and do not seem serious or threatening to normal life human body. This is fundamentally wrong, since respiratory diseases can provoke a dangerous pathology known as pneumosclerosis. They can get sick at any age, but most often they affect men who have reached the age of fifty.

At the same time, the development of destructive processes in the vascular system of the respiratory organs, the accumulation of mucus and squeezing are observed. The result of all this is a decrease in the size of the lungs, a violation of their ventilation, as well as deformation of the bronchi. The lungs are unable to contain the required amount of air, as a result of which the entire body suffers from a lack of oxygen. And oxygen deficiency, in turn, leads to many other pathologies.

Due to congestion that occurs as a result of an overabundance of secretion, infectious lesions of the body occur.

Such changes in lung tissues are irreversible, and the disease in question tends to progress. Lack of prompt treatment can lead to severe consequences in the form of a lifelong disability, and a lethal outcome is not excluded. The development of this disease usually occurs due to inflammatory processes occurring in the respiratory organs.

Forms of the disease

Pneumosclerosis is classified depending on the degree of damage to the lungs. Allocate focal and diffuse form of pathology.

With a focal or local form of pneumosclerosis, there are no violations of elasticity and gas exchange of the lung parenchyma. There is a seal and the formation of purulent foci on the tissues of the lungs, different in size. Depending on the size of the affected areas, focal pneumosclerosis is divided into small focal and large focal. With this form, the disease can proceed unnoticed by the patient himself, and manifest itself only in minor signs that are characteristic of any other diseases of the respiratory system, for example, a frequent cough, accompanied by the release of a small amount of sputum. Pathology is diagnosed only when the patient is examined using an X-ray machine.

A diffuse or widespread form of pneumosclerosis is characterized by damage to the entire lung tissue. At the same time, there is a violation of the structure of the lungs, their compaction and decrease in volume, and a decrease in ventilation functions.

Diffuse moderate pneumosclerosis is not so difficult in comparison with the main form of the disease, and also carries a lesser danger to the body. But, based on the fact that the disease progresses rapidly, it is very important to identify and eliminate the signs of even moderate pneumosclerosis already at the earliest stages of its development. In this way, many undesirable health effects can be avoided.

According to the degree of damage, pneumosclerosis of the lungs is divided into fibrous, ordinary sclerotic and cirrhotic.

With a fibrous degree, the lesions are limited, and they alternate with healthy areas.

With a sclerotic degree, the respiratory organs lose their original airiness, become compacted and reduced.

The cirrhosis degree, as the most severe, is characterized by the complete replacement of the lung parenchyma with connective tissue.

It is worth mentioning separately the pneumosclerosis of the basal segments, which develops in the lower sections of the main respiratory organs. The cause of its occurrence in most cases is inflammation of the lower lobes of the lungs.

Pneumosclerosis - contagious or not?

The pathology under consideration is non-infectious character so it is not considered contagious. A patient with pneumosclerosis does not pose a threat to others. But any person who has had any bronchopulmonary disease can get sick with this. Especially if the appropriate treatment was not carried out, or it turned out to be ineffective or was not carried out to the end.

Therefore, even with minor symptoms, it is important to seek medical help in time, as well as strictly follow all medical prescriptions, and in no case neglect the prescribed medication.

Reasons for development

There are many reasons why a person gets pneumosclerosis. Most often, this pathology is the result of some past diseases, and it may also be accompanied by the following ailments:

All these diseases lead to serious pathological changes in the respiratory system, and also contribute to the weakening of the respiratory function and the development of respiratory failure.

It is very important to establish the correct diagnosis, despite the fact that the lungs return to their previous healthy state is no longer possible. But it is quite possible to stop the progression of the disease with the help of modern medical techniques and with the use of funds from non-traditional folk medicine.

Symptoms of the disease

This disease does not specific symptoms, since it often occurs as part of another pathological process, or as its consequence. But the following signs may indicate the development of this disease, so they must be taken into account and mentioned during the collection of anamnesis.

These are symptoms such as:

An intermittent cough, which at an early stage may appear only occasionally and not cause much concern. As the disease progresses, the cough usually gets worse, getting deeper. If the patient at the same time expectorates sputum with purulent contents, then this is a reason to suspect he has pneumosclerosis.
Cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes, as a result of insufficient saturation of the body with oxygen.
Shortness of breath, which occurs at first only during physical exertion, and then in a calm state.
Changing the shape of the fingertips, which become similar to Drumsticks.
A sharp decrease in body weight.
Soreness in the chest.
Decreased performance, weakness, deterioration of well-being.
Deformation of the chest with a displacement of the heart in the direction where the lesion occurred.

Diagnosis of pathology

The diagnosis of pneumosclerosis can be established using an X-ray examination of the patient, computed tomography of the lungs, bronchography, spirometry.

A medical examination, listening to the lungs, collecting an anamnesis and patient complaints, identifying the presence of concomitant diseases or exposure to external adverse factors, such as ionizing radiation, is also necessary.

Medical treatment

Therapy of this pathology directly depends on how pronounced it is, as well as on the characteristics of the course of the disease. With absence severe symptoms, indicating severe damage to the lung tissue, there is no need for active drug treatment.

With the development of pneumosclerosis along with pneumonia, it is required to stop the inflammation with the help of antibiotic drugs, expectorant drugs, bronchodilators. With a combination of pneumosclerosis with heart failure, treatment is carried out with the help of drugs containing potassium, glucocorticoids, cardiac glycosides.

In the absence of complications, the therapy of the disease occurs on an outpatient basis under the supervision of the attending pulmonologist. But in the case of a severe course of pneumosclerosis, it is advisable to hospitalize the patient, who must be under the constant supervision of specialists.

If the presence of deep fibrosis or cirrhosis of the respiratory organ has been established, then it is possible to carry out surgical intervention followed by resection of affected areas.

It is very useful to carry out physiotherapy procedures, oxygen therapy to compensate for oxygen deficiency, physiotherapy exercises and massages along with medication treatment.

Pneumosclerosis in most cases is a concomitant disease, therefore, in order to be cured of it, it is required to eliminate the symptoms of the underlying pathology, which is its source.

How to treat with stem cells?

This method of therapy is innovative and modern. The uniqueness of stem cells lies in their ability to regenerate into other cells that make up healthy organs and tissues of the human body.

Stem cells are administered by intravenous injection. Moving through the blood vessels along with the blood, they penetrate into diseased organs and contribute to the replacement of tissues damaged by the disease. The result of cell therapy is also the strengthening of immunity and the normalization of metabolism.

If stem cell therapy was started on time, before the onset of the fibrotic process, then we can expect positive results for sure. The more healthy areas of tissue in the lungs, the more likely the success of stem cell treatment.

Another indisputable advantage of this treatment method is absolute security. As a result of such treatment, the patient disappears shortness of breath, periodic cough and other symptoms of pneumosclerosis. And with re-diagnosis, the absence of pathological processes is confirmed.

Folk remedies for the treatment of pneumosclerosis

Traditional medicine is a method of treatment of many human diseases, proven by many years of experience and time. The expediency of using alternative medicine for the treatment of pneumosclerosis lies in the fact that a large number of its recipes are used to eliminate diseases. respiratory apparatus, which are the source of pneumosclerosis.

Decoctions and infusions of medicinal plants are usually used, which have anti-inflammatory, absorbable, antimicrobial and antiseptic properties.

The most common means:

aloe;
eucalyptus;
oat grains;
onion;
dried fruits;
thyme;
Birch buds;
chamomile;
succession;
sage;
licorice;
beet;
nettle, etc.

Recipes for the treatment of pneumosclerosis:

Eating onions boiled in milk.
Alcohol tincture of nettle.
Finely chopped onion, cooked in sugar syrup.
Dried fruits soaked in water.
A decoction of oatmeal.
An infusion of crushed eucalyptus leaves steeped in boiling water.
Infusion of thyme, sage, chamomile and mint.
Grated aloe leaves combined with honey, homemade wine.
Infusion of oats, thyme, eucalyptus.
Inhalations with decoctions based on pine buds, chamomile, sage, yarrow, thyme, licorice, mint, etc.

Treatment with folk remedies cannot replace drug therapy. It is important to remember and use this alternative medicine exclusively as an auxiliary therapeutic agent, but only after agreement with the attending physician.

Required to comply preventive measures, strengthen the immune system, refuse to use alcoholic beverages and smoking. Great importance has a healthy, mobile lifestyle and a proper balanced diet that contributes to the saturation of the body useful substances and vitamins.

It is very important to treat existing colds, bronchitis, infectious and viral lesions respiratory tract. If it is necessary to work in hazardous production, it is recommended to use protective masks, respirators. And in case of suspicion of pneumosclerosis, it is better to change jobs.

Pneumosclerosis (pneumofibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis) is a pathology characterized by an irreversible replacement of lung tissue with connective tissue. chronic inflammation and dystrophic processes lead to irreversible change in the lungs. They lose their elasticity, airiness, thicken, decrease in size and wrinkle.

Connective tissue structures grow over time, the bronchi become deformed. At the same time, gas exchange is disturbed, respiratory dysfunction progresses, which is manifested by a characteristic symptom complex.

Classification

Pneumosclerosis happens:

Limited - small-focal, medium-focal and large-focal. A limited or local form of the disease is characterized by damage to a certain area of the lung while maintaining the function of gas exchange.
Segmental - damage to a segment of the lung due to blockage of the bronchus or thrombosis pulmonary artery.
Shared - defeat of the lobe of the lung against the background of croupous.
With diffuse pneumosclerosis, the whole lung is affected, it becomes rigid, ventilation and gas exchange function are impaired.
mixed form.

pneumosclerosis

Depending on the damage to the lung structures:

Alveolar pneumosclerosis,
interstitial pneumosclerosis,
perivascular sclerosis,
Peribronchial pneumosclerosis.

Pneumosclerosis is divided into radical and basal. In the first case, the foci of compaction are located in the basal part of the lung, and in the second - along the periphery of the organ.

Etiology

Infectious diseases of the respiratory system are most often complicated by the development of pneumosclerosis. Airborne bacteria and viruses enter the respiratory tract and cause inflammation of its various sections - the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs.

Among the common causes of pathology are:

Interstitial lung disease- alveolitis, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, lupus.

Chronic diseases of the bronchi and bronchiectasis. The inflamed bronchial mucosa swells and thickens, the bronchial lumen narrows, and mucus production increases. As a result, ventilation of the lungs worsens, and connective tissue grows around the affected bronchi. Factors contributing to the development of fibrous tissue: smoking, immunodeficiency, diabetes, wrong treatment, radiation therapy, inhalation of dry and polluted air, bad ecology.

Pneumoconiosis develop as a result of regular inhalation of dust. These are occupational diseases found among persons employed in hazardous industries. Dust particles irritate the lung mucosa, cause hypersecretion of mucus and contribute to the development of allergies.

Chest injury- stab or incised penetrating wounds of the chest with damage to the mediastinal organs and large neurovascular bundles. If medical care was provided in a timely manner and in full, then the degeneration of lung tissue does not occur.

Among the less common causes of pathology are:

Congenital diseases - cystic fibrosis,
exudative,
Long-term treatment with cytostatics and antibiotics,
Radiation.

Pneumosclerosis is characterized by thickening of the walls of the alveoli and a decrease in their volume, as well as a slowdown in gas exchange. A sick person breathes less air than a healthy person. The lumen of the bronchi narrows, their walls stick together, and then grow together. The ventilation capacity of the lungs is impaired. The affected area becomes isolated from bronchial tree and overgrown with scar tissue.

Symptoms

The disease develops gradually. First, shortness of breath and cyanosis of the skin appear. Over time, symptoms of bronchitis join - an obsessive, painful cough with purulent discharge, chest pain, intoxication. Severe course pathology is characterized by deformation of the chest and fingers. They take on the appearance of drumsticks, and the chest - a cylindrical shape.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of pneumosclerosis consists in examining the patient, percussion and auscultation of the lungs, additional instrumental methods.

Percussion is determined by a decrease in the boundaries of the lungs. They collapse and move towards the sternum. Percussion sound becomes dull, which is associated with lung sclerosis and a decrease in airiness. Auscultation reveals harsh breathing, vesicular noise, wet or dry rales. In patients, the chest was changed, the supraclavicular fossa was deepened, and the intercostal spaces were retracted. The fingers become barrel-shaped, the pulse is quickened, the pressure is increased.

Of the additional diagnostic methods, radiography, fluorography, spirography, bronchoscopy, and tomography are performed.

Rice. 1 - X-ray of the lungs with pneumosclerosis Fig. 2 - X-ray of the lungs of a healthy person

Complications

Violation of the ventilation function of the lungs and arterial hypoxemia lead to the development of:

pulmonary heart,
Inflammatory lung disease,
emphysema,
Respiratory diseases.

The most unfavorable outcome of the disease is the formation of a "honeycomb lung" and secondary infection, often leading to the death of the patient.

Treatment

Treatment of pneumosclerosis is aimed at eliminating the causative factor. The growth of connective tissue in the lung is an irreversible process, therefore basic therapeutic purpose is the fight against chronic pulmonary insufficiency. Pulmonologists strive to maintain the vital functions of the patient at an optimal level and prevent further progression of the pathology.

There are several groups of drugs designed to combat respiratory and heart failure:

If pneumosclerosis is accompanied by frequent exacerbations of pneumonia or bronchitis, antimicrobial and antibacterial drugs are prescribed:

aim physiotherapy procedures is a regression of the pathological process. Oxygen therapy, physiotherapy, iontophoresis and ultrasound with novocaine, electrophoresis with iodine, exercise therapy, swimming, breathing exercises, massage give good results with pneumosclerosis. At the compensation stage, inductometry and diathermy on the chest are shown.

Surgery- removal of the affected area of the lung or the entire organ, drainage of the abscess, lung transplantation. Organ transplantation is performed after the elimination of the root cause of pneumosclerosis. This is a rather complicated operation, requiring large material costs and special equipment. With the help of lung transplantation, it is possible to extend the life of patients with pneumosclerosis by 5 years or more.

Folk remedies, used in the treatment of pneumosclerosis - herbal tinctures. They are prepared from aloe juice, eucalyptus leaves, oat grains, onions, dried fruits.

Prevention

Preventive measures for pneumosclerosis:

Pneumosclerosis of the lungs is a severe pathology characterized by a long course and development serious complications often incompatible with life. Only a timely visit to a doctor will cure this disease and avoid dangerous consequences.

Pneumosclerosis is a pathology in the lungs, characterized by the replacement of lung tissues with connective tissue.

This happens as a result of inflammation, as well as dystrophy of lung tissues, due to which elasticity and transport of gases are disturbed in the affected areas. The extracellular matrix, growing in the main respiratory organs, deforms the branches of the windpipe, and the lung itself thickens and shrinks. The result is airlessness, the lungs are reduced in size.

ICD-10 code

J84 Other interstitial lung diseases

Epidemiology

The incidence of pneumosclerosis is equally common among people of any age, a strong half of humanity gets sick more often.

Causes of pneumosclerosis

Often, pneumosclerosis is an accompaniment and outcome of lung diseases:

Infectious nature caused by the ingress of foreign substances into the lungs, inflammation of the lung tissue caused by a virus that has not resolved, pulmonary tuberculosis, mycoses;
Bronchitis with chronic course, inflammation of the tissue surrounding the bronchi, chronic obstructive lung disease;
Pneumoconicosis, which arose after prolonged inhalation of dust and gases, by origin - industrial, caused by radiation;
Fibrosing and alveolitis caused by the action of an allergen;
Pulmonary form Beck's disease;
The presence of extraneous tesarcoidosis in the branches of the pulmonary throat;
Injuries resulting from wounds, thorax injuries, lungs.
Diseases of the lungs, betrayed by inheritance.

Ineffective and insufficient in terms of volume and duration of treatment of acute and chronic processes in the respiratory system can lead to pneumosclerosis.

Contribute to the occurrence of pneumosclerosis can be defects in the blood flow of the small circle due to narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice, left ventricular failure, pulmonary thrombosis. Also, this pathology can be a consequence of ionizing radiation, after taking pneumotropic drugs that are toxic. Weakened immunity can also contribute to the development of pneumosclerosis.

With incomplete resolution of the lung inflammatory process restoration of lung tissue does not occur completely, connective tissue scars begin to grow, alveolar lumens narrow, which can provoke the occurrence of pneumosclerosis. Noticed very frequent occurrence pneumosclerosis in patients who underwent staphylococcal pneumonia, which was accompanied by the formation of necrotic areas of the lung tissue and the occurrence of an abscess, after healing, which was marked by the growth of fibrous tissue.

With pneumosclerosis that occurs against the background of tuberculosis, connective tissue can form in the lungs, which can lead to the development of peri-cicatrical emphysema.

Complication chronic inflammation in the bronchi, such as bronchitis and bronchiolitis, is the occurrence of perilobular, as well as peribronchial pneumosclerosis.

Pleurogenic pneumosclerosis can begin after repeated inflammation of the pleura, in which the surface layers of the lung join the inflammatory process, its parenchyma is squeezed by exudate.

Irradiation and Hamman-Rich syndrome often provoke pulmonary sclerosis of diffuse origin and the appearance of a lung reminiscent of a honeycomb. Cardiac left ventricular failure, as well as stenosis mitral valve may cause fluid to leak from blood vessels, due to which in the future pneumosclerosis of a cardiogenic nature may occur.

Sometimes pneumosclerosis is due to the mechanism of its development. But general arrangements various forms of etiology are those that are the result of pathology in the ventilation of the lung, defects in the bloodstream, as well as lymph in the lung tissue, failure of the pulmonary drainage capacity. Violation of the structure and alveolar destruction can lead to the replacement of lung tissue with connective tissue. Vascular, bronchial and pulmonary pathology often leads to impaired lymph circulation, as well as blood circulation, so pneumosclerosis may occur.

Other causes of pneumosclerosis:

Unresolved acute pneumonia, chronic pneumonia, bronchiectasis.
Chronic bronchitis, which is accompanied by peribronchitis and leads to the development of peribronchial sclerosis.
Pneumoconiosis of various origins.
Stagnation in the lungs in a number of heart diseases, and above all in defects of the mitral valve.
Lung atelectasis.
Long and hard flowing exudative pleurisy, which lead to the development of pneumosclerosis due to the involvement of superficially located layers of the lungs in the inflammatory process, as well as in connection with atelectasis that occurs with prolonged compression of the parenchyma by exudate (pleurogenic cirrhosis).
traumatic injury chest and lung.
Tuberculosis of the lungs and pleura.
Treatment with certain drugs (cordarone, apressin).
Systemic diseases connective tissue.
Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis.
Exposure to ionizing radiation.
Damage to the lungs by chemical warfare agents.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis of pneumosclerosis depends on its etiology. However, with all its etiological forms, the most important pathogenetic mechanisms are violations of lung ventilation, drainage function of the bronchi, blood and lymph circulation. The proliferation of connective tissue is associated with a violation of the structure and destruction of specialized morphofunctional elements of the lung parenchyma. Arising from pathological processes in the bronchopulmonary and vascular systems violations of blood and lymph circulation contribute to the development of pneumosclerosis.

There are diffuse and focal (local) pneumosclerosis, the latter is large and small focal.

Depending on the severity of the proliferation of connective tissue, fibrosis, sclerosis, and cirrhosis of the lungs are distinguished. With pneumofibrosis, cicatricial changes in the lungs are moderately expressed. With pneumosclerosis, a coarser replacement of the lungs with connective tissue occurs. With cirrhosis, there is a complete replacement of the alveoli, as well as partially of the bronchi and blood vessels with disorganized connective tissue. Pneumosclerosis is a symptom or outcome of a number of diseases.

Symptoms of pneumosclerosis

Allocate the following symptoms pneumosclerosis:

Signs of the underlying disease leading to pneumosclerosis ( Chronical bronchitis, chronic pneumonia, bronchiectasis, etc.).
Shortness of breath with diffuse pneumosclerosis, initially with physical activity, then at rest; cough with mucopurulent sputum; pronounced diffuse cyanosis.
Limited mobility of the pulmonary edge, sometimes shortening of the percussion sound during percussion, weakened vesicular breathing with a hard shade, scattered dry, sometimes finely bubbling rales during auscultation. As a rule, along with the clinic of pneumosclerosis, there are symptoms of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. diffuse forms pneumosclerosis are accompanied by precapillary hypertension of the pulmonary circulation and the development of symptoms of cor pulmonale.
Clinical symptoms cirrhosis of the lung: a sharp deformation of the chest, partial atrophy pectoral muscles, wrinkling of the intercostal spaces, displacement of the trachea, large vessels and heart in the direction of the lesion, a dull sound on percussion, a sharp weakening of breathing, dry and wet rales on auscultation.

Limited pneumosclerosis most often causes almost no sensations in the patient, except for a mild cough with a small amount of discharge in the form of sputum. If you examine the affected side, you can find that the thorax in this place has a kind of depression.

The main symptom of pneumosclerosis of diffuse origin is shortness of breath: at first - during exercise, at later times - and at rest. The tissue of the alveoli is poorly ventilated, so the skin of such patients is cyanotic. The patient's fingers resemble drumsticks (a symptom of Hippocratic fingers), which indicates an increase in respiratory failure.

Diffuse pneumosclerosis passes with chronic inflammation of the branches of the windpipe. The patient complains only of a cough - at first rare, which turns into an obsessive, strong one with copious purulent discharge. The course of pneumosclerosis aggravates the main ailment: bronchiectasis or chronic pneumonia.

It is not excluded soreness of a aching nature in the thoracic region, a sharp weight loss, such patients look weakened, they quickly get tired.

A clinic of pulmonary cirrhosis may develop: the thorax is grossly deformed, the muscles of the intercostal space are atrophied, the windpipe, heart, and large vessels are displaced to the affected side.

With diffuse pneumosclerosis, which has developed due to a violation of the movement of blood in a small bloodstream, symptoms of cor pulmonale may be observed.

How severe the course will be depends on the size of the affected areas.

What percentage of lung tissue has already been replaced by Pischinger's space, reflects the following classification of pneumosclerosis:

Fibrosis, in which limited affected areas of light tissue in the form of strands alternate with healthy tissue filled with air;
Sclerosis or actually pneumosclerosis - is characterized by the presence of tissues of a denser consistency, the connective tissue replaces the lung;
The most severe degree of pneumosclerosis, in which the connective tissue completely replaces the lung tissue, and the pleura, alveoli and blood vessels thicken, the mediastinal organs move in the direction where the affected area is located, is called cirrhosis. Pneumosclerosis is divided into two types according to the degree of prevalence in the lung: diffuse and limited (local), which are distinguished as small-focal and large-focal.

Macroscopically, pneumosclerosis limited has the appearance of a denser tissue of the lung, this part of a lung distinguishes sharply reduced sizes in comparison with other healthy areas of the lung. Focal pneumosclerosis has a special form - carnification - postpneumatic sclerosis, characterized by the fact that the lung parenchyma in the inflamed area has a look and texture resembling raw meat. Microscopically, it is possible to detect areas of sclerosis and suppuration, fibrinous exudate, fibroatelectasis, etc.

Diffuse pneumosclerosis is characterized by spread to the entire lung or both lungs. The affected organ looks more dense, its size is much smaller than that of a healthy lung, the structure of the organ differs from healthy tissues.

Limited pneumosclerosis differs from diffuse pneumosclerosis in that the function of gas exchange does not suffer significantly with it, the lung remains elastic. With diffuse pneumosclerosis, the affected lung is rigid, its ventilation is reduced.

According to the predominant lesion of various lung structures, pneumosclerosis can be divided into alveolar, peribronchial, perivascular, interstitial, perilobular.

According to the causes of pneumosclerosis, it is divided into dyscirculatory, postnecrotic, post-inflammatory and dystrophic.

stages

Pneumosclerosis can occur in various stages, there are three of them:

I. compensated;
II. subcompensated;
III. decompensated.

Forms

Emphysema and pneumosclerosis

With pulmonary emphysema, there is an increased amount of air in the tissues of the lung. Pneumosclerosis can be the result of chronic inflammation of the lungs, while they have a great similarity in the clinic. The development of both emphysema and pneumosclerosis is influenced by inflammation of the branches of the respiratory throat, infection of the bronchial wall, as well as obstructions to bronchial patency. There is an accumulation of sputum in the small bronchi, ventilation in this area of the lung can provoke the development of both emphysema and pneumosclerosis. Diseases that are accompanied by bronchospasm, for example, bronchial asthma, can accelerate the development of these diseases.

Radical pneumosclerosis

Sometimes the connective tissue grows in the basal sections of the lung. This condition is called hilar pneumosclerosis. It appears against the background of dystrophy or inflammation processes, leading to the fact that the lesion site loses its elasticity, gas exchange is also disturbed in it.

Local pneumosclerosis

Local or limited pneumosclerosis may not manifest itself clinically for a long time, except that it is heard during auscultation hard breathing, as well as small bubbling rales. It can only be detected radiographically: the image shows a section of compacted lung tissue. Local pneumosclerosis practically does not lead to pulmonary insufficiency.

Focal pneumosclerosis

Focal pneumosclerosis can develop due to destruction of the lung parenchyma due to a lung abscess (infectious etiology) or with caverns (with tuberculosis). Connective tissue can also grow in place of already healed and still existing foci and cavities.

Apical pneumosclerosis

In apical pneumosclerosis, the lesion is located in apex of the lung. As a result of inflammatory and destructive processes, the lung tissue at its apex is replaced by connective tissue. At the beginning, the process resembles the phenomena of bronchitis, the consequence of which it most often is, and is determined only by X-ray.

Age pneumosclerosis

Age-related pneumosclerosis is caused by changes that occur due to aging of the body. Age-related pneumosclerosis develops in old age if they have congestion with pulmonary hypertension, more often in men, especially long-term smokers. If a patient after 80 years of age has pneumosclerosis on an x-ray in the absence of complaints, this is considered the norm, since it is a consequence of natural involutional changes in the human body.

Mesh pneumosclerosis

If the volume of the connective reticular tissue increases, the lungs lose their clarity and purity, it becomes reticulated, like a cobweb. Due to this network frequency, the normal pattern is practically not visible, it looks weakened. On a computer tomogram, the compaction of the connective tissue is even more noticeable.

Basal pneumosclerosis

Under the basal pneumosclerosis is understood the replacement of the connective tissue of the lung mainly in its basal sections. Often, basal pneumosclerosis speaks of previous lower lobe pneumonia. On the x-ray, the clarity of the lung tissues of the basal sections is increased, the pattern is enhanced.

Moderate pneumosclerosis

Connective tissue at the beginning of the development of pneumosclerosis most often grows moderately. Altered lung tissue characteristic of this form alternates with healthy lung parenchyma. This is often detected only on an x-ray, since it practically does not disturb the patient's condition.

Postpneumonic pneumosclerosis

Postpneumonic pneumosclerosis - carnification is a focus of inflamed lung tissue, which is a complication of pneumonia. The inflamed area has the appearance of raw meat. Macroscopically, this is an area of the lung that looks more dense, this part of the lung is reduced in size.

Interstitial pneumosclerosis

Interstitial pneumosclerosis is characterized by the fact that the connective tissue mainly captures the interalveolar partitions, tissues around the vessels and bronchi. It is the result of interstitial pneumonia.

Peribronchial pneumosclerosis

Peribronchial pneumosclerosis is characterized by localization around the bronchi. Around the affected bronchi, the lung tissue changes to connective. The most common cause of its occurrence is chronic bronchitis. For a long time the patient is not worried about anything except coughing, later - with sputum.

Posttuberculous pneumosclerosis

With post-tuberculous pneumosclerosis, the connective tissue grows as a result of pulmonary tuberculosis. This condition can turn into the so-called "post-tuberculosis disease", which is characterized by different nosological forms of non-specific diseases, such as COPD.

Complications and consequences

With pneumosclerosis, there is morphological change alveoli, bronchi and blood vessels, due to which pneumosclerosis can be complicated by impaired ventilation of the lungs, reduction vascular bed, arterial hypoxemia, chronic respiratory failure, cor pulmonale may develop, inflammatory diseases of the lungs, pulmonary emphysema join.

Diagnosis of pneumosclerosis

X-ray picture it is polymorphic, as it reflects the symptoms of both pneumosclerosis and its accompanying diseases: chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, etc. Characterized by strengthening, looping and deformation of the lung pattern along the bronchial ramifications due to compaction of the walls of the bronchi, infiltration and sclerosis of the peribronchial tissue.

Bronchography: convergence or deviation of the bronchi, narrowing and absence of small bronchi, deformation of the walls.

Spirography: decrease in VC, FVC, Tiffno index.

The localization of the pathological process in pneumosclerosis is directly related to the result of physical examinations. Over the affected area, breathing is weakened, dry and moist rales are heard, the percussion sound is dulled.

X-ray examination of the lungs can help to make the diagnosis more reliably. Radiography provides invaluable assistance in detecting changes in the lungs with asymptomatic pneumosclerosis, how widespread these changes are, their nature, and severity. Bronchography, MRI and CT of the lungs help to more accurately assess the condition of unhealthy areas of the lung tissue.

The manifestations of pneumosclerosis cannot be accurately described radiographically, since they reflect not only the defeat of pneumosclerosis, but also accompanying illnesses, such emphysema, bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis. The affected lung on the roentgenogram: reduced in size, the pulmonary pattern along the bronchial branches is strengthened, loopy and reticulate due to deformation of the bronchial walls, and also due to the fact that the peribronchial tissue is sclerosed and infiltrated. Often the lungs in the lower sections become like a porous sponge - a “honeycomb lung”.

The bronchogram shows convergence, as well as deviations of the bronchi, they are narrowed and deformed, it is impossible to determine the small bronchi.

During bronchoscopy, bronchiectasis and chronic bronchitis are often determined. By analyzing the cellular composition of the flush from the bronchi, it is possible to clarify the cause of the occurrence, and what is the activity of the pathological processes occurring in the bronchi.

Fluorography for pneumosclerosis

All patients who first applied to the clinic are offered to undergo a fluorographic examination of the chest organs. An annual medical examination, which is required for everyone who is 14 years old, involves the mandatory passage of fluorography, which helps to identify many respiratory diseases, including pneumosclerosis in the early stages, during which it is initially asymptomatic.

The vital capacity of the lungs with pneumosclerosis is reduced, the Tiffno index, which is an indicator of bronchial patency, is also low, which is detected using spirometry and peak flowmetry.

Changes in the blood picture in pneumosclerosis are nonspecific.

Treatment of pneumosclerosis

The main thing in the treatment of pneumosclerosis is the fight against infection in the respiratory organs, the improvement of respiratory function and pulmonary circulation, and the strengthening of the patient's immunity.

Patients with pneumosclerosis are treated by a general practitioner or pulmonologist.

Mode and diet

If a patient with pneumosclerosis heat, he is prescribed bed rest, when the condition improves a little - semi-bed rest, and then - general. Indoor air temperature should be 18-20 ° C, ventilation is mandatory. Shown to be more fresh air.

The diet for pneumosclerosis should be aimed at increasing the immunobiological in the patient's body, as well as oxidative processes, accelerate repair in the lungs, reduce sputum protein loss, inflammatory exudation, improve hematopoiesis and work of cardio-vascular system. Considering the patient's condition, the doctor prescribes a diet of 11 or 15 tables, the menu of which should include dishes with a normal content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, but at the same time, increase the amount of foods containing calcium, vitamins A, group B, ascorbic acid, salts potassium, folic acid and copper. You need to eat often, in small portions (up to five times). It is recommended to limit the amount table salt- no more than four to six grams per day, since sodium tends to retain fluid in the body.

Drug treatment of pneumosclerosis

There is no specific treatment for pneumosclerosis. It is necessary to treat the disease that caused pneumosclerosis.

With pneumosclerosis, a long-term - up to six to twelve months - administration of small doses of glucocorticoids is recommended: twenty to thirty mg per day is prescribed in the acute period, then maintenance therapy, daily dose which is five to ten mg, the dose is gradually reduced.

Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy is indicated for bronchiectasis, often occurring pneumonia, bronchitis. With pneumosclerosis in the respiratory tract, about 23 types of various microorganisms can be present, it is recommended to use antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs of various spectrums of action, combine these drugs, and periodically replace them with others. The most common among other antimicrobial drugs in modern medicine in the treatment of pneumosclerosis and other serious pathologies of the respiratory tract are macrolides, in the first place among which is azithromycin, it must be taken on the first day of 0.5 g, 2-5 days - 0.25 g one hour before or two hours after a meal. Also popular in the treatment of this disease are cephalosporins II– III generation. For oral administration among II generation, cefaclor 750 mg in three doses, cefuroxime axetil 125-500 mg twice a day, from III generation cephalosporins are recommended. good effect give cefixime 400 mg once a day or 200 mg twice a day, cefpodoxime proxetil 400 mg 2 times a day, ceftibuten 200-400 mg per day.

Proven antimicrobial agent is metronidazole 0.5 - 1 intravenously drip for 30-40 minutes after eight hours.

Have not lost their relevance and such broad-spectrum antibiotics as tetracycline, oletethrin and chloramphenicol 2.0-1.0 g per day in four divided doses

With antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory value, sulfa drugs are prescribed: sulfapyridazine 2.0 mg on the first day, then 1.0 mg each for 7-10 days.

Expectorant and thinning agents Bromhexine 0.016 g three to four times a day, Ambroxol one tablet (30 mg) three times a day, acetylcysteine - 200 milligrams three times a day, carbocysteine 2 capsules three times a day (1 capsule - 0.375 g carbocysteine)

Bronchospasmolytics are used as inhalations (izadrin, eufillin, atropine sulphate)

If circulatory failure is present, cardiac glycosides are used: strophanthin 0.05% solution - 0.5-1.0 ml per 10-20 ml of 5% -40% glucose or 0.9% sodium chloride, corglicon - 0.5-1 each .0 ml of a 0.6% solution in glucose 5-40% or in saline 0.9%.

Vitamin therapy: tocopherol acetate 100-200 mg once or twice a day, ritinol 700-900 mcg per day, ascorbic acid 250 mg once or twice a day, B vitamins (B1 -1.2 -2.1 mg per day, B6 - 100 -200 mg per day, B12 - 100-200 mg per day)

Physiotherapy for pneumosclerosis

The main goal of physiotherapeutic procedures for pneumosclerosis is to regress and stabilize the process in active phase, to achieve relief of the syndrome - in the inactive.

If there is no suspicion of pulmonary insufficiency, iontophoresis with novocaine, calcium chloride, ultrasound with novocaine is recommended.

In the compensated stage, it is useful to use diathermy and inductometry in the chest area. If the patient's sputum is poorly separated, electrophoresis with iodine is indicated according to the Vermel method. At poor diet- total ultraviolet exposure. Radiation of the chest with a Solux lamp is also used daily or every other day, but it is less effective.

oxygen therapy

A good effect in pneumosclerosis is obtained from oxygen therapy or treatment with oxygen, which is supplied to the lungs in the same volume as it is contained in the atmosphere. This procedure saturates the lungs with oxygen, which improves cellular metabolism.

Surgical treatment of pneumosclerosis

Surgical treatment of pneumosclerosis is carried out only with local forms in case of suppuration of the lung parenchyma, with destructive changes lung tissue, with cirrhosis and fibrosis of the lung. This type of treatment consists in removing the damaged area of the lung tissue, in rare cases the decision is made to remove the entire lung.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy exercises for pneumosclerosis are used in order to improve the functions of external respiration, harden and strengthen the body. With compensated pneumosclerosis, special breathing exercises are used. These exercises should be simple, they should be performed easily, without straining, without slowing down breathing, the pace should be medium or even slow, rhythmically, the load should be gradually increased. It is advisable to perform sports dosed exercises in the fresh air. With severe emphysema, as well as cardiopulmonary insufficiency gymnastics is done in a sitting, lying or standing position, it should last fifteen to twenty minutes. At serious condition patient, temperature exceeding 37.5 ° C, repeated hemoptysis physiotherapy contraindicated.

Treatment of pneumosclerosis with folk methods

Traditional medicine suggests treating pneumosclerosis with such recipes:

Pour one tablespoon of one of the herbs into a thermos: creeping thyme, blue eucalyptus or sowing oats. Pour half a liter of boiling water, leave to infuse overnight. In the morning, the infusion should be filtered. Take in small portions during the day while hot.
In the evening, soak thoroughly washed dried fruits with water. Eat them on an empty stomach in the morning. This must be done daily. This recipe acts as a laxative, diuretic, thereby helping to remove congestion in the lungs.
Two glasses of young red wine + two tablespoons of honey + two crushed perennial aloe leaves mix together. First you need to cut the leaves, rinse under running water, put in the refrigerator for a week on the bottom shelf. After that, grind, mix with honey, add wine and mix thoroughly. Infused for fourteen days in the refrigerator. Take one tablespoon daily up to four times.

Treatment of pneumosclerosis at home

If the patient treats pneumosclerosis at home, then the main condition for successful treatment here, perhaps, will be to strictly observe medical recommendations, as well as monitoring his condition by a doctor in outpatient settings. It is in the right of the local therapist or pulmonologist to make corrections in the treatment, based on the patient's condition. When treating at home, it is necessary to ensure the exclusion of a factor that provoked or may aggravate the course of pneumosclerosis. Therapeutic measures should be aimed at preventing the spread of infection, as well as the inflammatory process in the lung parenchyma.

Prevention

It is also necessary to strengthen the immune system, take special means to strengthen it - immunomodulators, harden the body.

Pneumosclerosis is a serious disease that is characterized by a long course, severe complications. But almost any disease can be cured with timely treatment. Take care of your health, do not carry the disease "on your feet", contact the specialists!

Forecast

At timely detection, treatment, compliance with all recommendations, a healthy lifestyle, the patient can feel normal, lead an active life.

The prognosis for pneumosclerosis is associated with the progression of lung damage and how quickly the insufficiency of the respiratory and cardiac systems develops.

A poor prognosis for pneumosclerosis can be with the development of a "honeycomb lung" and with the addition of a secondary infection.

If a "honeycombed lung" has formed, respiratory failure may be more severe, pressure in the pulmonary artery rises, and cor pulmonale may develop. If a secondary infection, tuberculosis, mycosis joins, a fatal outcome is possible.

It is important to know!

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a primary persistent increase in pressure in the pulmonary artery of unknown origin. The disease is based on concentric fibrosis, hypertrophy of the media of the pulmonary artery and its branches, as well as multiple arteriovenous anastomoses.

The main symptoms that can be dealt with with the help of folk remedies for pneumosclerosis are:

shortness of breath even at rest;

stagnation of fluid in the lungs and bronchi,

dry or wet, possibly with sputum or in especially severe, neglected conditions, when purulent clots are observed in the sputum;

pain in the chest.

Since the disease itself is associated with disorders in respiratory system and affects the lungs and bronchi of a person, then the treatment is carried out with folk remedies, the composition and components of which will be those that we often use for colds: pneumonia and bronchitis, which have antimicrobial, mucolytic, absorbable effects, as well as biologically active additives.

The main drugs in the treatment of pneumosclerosis are herbal tinctures.

Treatment with agave (aloe)

Agave is well known in our country under the name of aloe. Caring housewives have always grown this unpretentious indoor plant on their window, whose healing properties have been known since the time when aloe was first brought from South Africa. Dense and fleshy leaves are a storehouse of useful and active substances:

vitamin C - a natural antioxidant, participates in the metabolism of iron and folic acid, helps in the synthesis of hormones, its anti-inflammatory effect is especially important for the treatment of pneumosclerosis;

vitamin E in combination with vitamin C reduces the level of scarring in the lung cavity, prevents the formation of toxins;

vitamin A - stimulates the growth of new cells, participates in the fight against microbes, retinol (a unit of vitamin A) restores the epithelium of the lung mucosa;

microelements: manganese, copper, iodine, zinc and others vital for the organic functioning of all systems of the human body.

The most effective medicinal recipe based on aloe is considered a tincture. To prepare it you will need:

4 - 5 large, fresh sheets aloe, which must first be washed and chopped, or rubbed through a grater;

2 tablespoons of honey, preferably not candied, mix with the resulting mass, wipe until a homogeneous consistency is obtained;

pour 2 cups of fresh homemade red wine into a homogeneous mass.

The tincture is placed in the refrigerator. Can be taken immediately, but must be consumed no later than 14 days. The recommended dosage is 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day, 20 minutes before meals.

The healing properties of eucalyptus are familiar to almost every person from an early age. Inhalation based essential oil eucalyptus, absorbable lozenges that make breathing easier with a strong cough, which include, have been familiar to us since childhood.

And this is absolutely fair. The main effect of eucalyptus, which contributes to the treatment of pneumosclerosis, is its antiseptic property, capable of fighting infection, suppressing putrefactive formations, restoring free breathing. Apart from antiseptic action blue eucalyptus has a beneficial effect on the nervous system, having sedative action relaxing and uplifting.

For treatment with eucalyptus, you will need the leaves of the plant, which should be crushed, then add 0.5 liters of boiling water, and insist for 10-15 minutes. The tincture is already ready for use.

To enhance the therapeutic effect and improve its palatability you can add honey. Folk remedies have a cumulative effect of action, so the reception of such funds should be long-term, and alternate various means. You can use eucalyptus infusion for a month, then it is recommended to switch to other herbs - common pikulnik, creeping thyme. The tincture of these herbs is prepared in the same way and dosage as when using blue eucalyptus.

oat grains

Not without reason oatmeal is considered a prophylactic against many diseases, including the gastrointestinal tract, in addition, oats in different types is prescribed for vascular diseases, functional disorders and. rich in vitamins A, E, fatty acids and others active ingredients, the best way reveals its medicinal properties in the form of a decoction.

For the treatment of pneumosclerosis, both natural oat grains and already processed ones are suitable. One glass of washed grain is poured overnight with 1 liter of water, in the morning the resulting volume is brought to a boil, and kept on fire until the liquid is halved. The remaining liquid is filtered and taken during the day in a warm form, before meals.

Bow - first ambulance public assistance during the autumn and winter months when there is a surge respiratory diseases. This miracle vegetable has not only a healing, but also a preventive effect, eating fresh onions long before winter cold, helps to accumulate phytoncides in the body, which help resist viral respiratory infections.

Since the symptoms and manifestations of pneumosclerosis are similar to those of pulmonary diseases, onion treatment has a positive effect.

There are several ways to prepare onion medicine.

Finely chopped onions are boiled in sugar syrup, both sugar and honey are suitable for it (more useful), after the onion becomes transparent, the broth is filtered and taken as often as possible, 1 tablespoon 8-10 times a day. day;

The average peeled onion is boiled as a whole in 1 glass of water, then eat it during the day, to enhance the effect of the onion, you can boil it in a glass of milk.

Dried fruits

Of the variety of dried fruits in this case, it should be noted raisins and dried apricots, which are equally rich in trace elements and vitamins, have a general strengthening effect, activate metabolism, have a diuretic effect, which is important for removing fluid stagnation in the lungs with pneumosclerosis.

Dried apricots and raisins reveal their healing properties after they are poured with boiling water and allowed to brew, then consumed before meals.

Another useful recipe: chop 100 g of dried fruits, pour a glass of water, and, bringing to a boil, remove from heat, let it brew for 10 minutes, after which the strained broth, alternately with squeezed fruits, take 1-2 tablespoons 2-3 times a day.

Based on the fact that traditional medicine came to us from past years, passed down from generation to generation, it should be remembered that when preparing folk medicines It is better to use earthenware or glassware. If the product needs to be brought to a boil, it is better to do it over low heat.

Auxiliary folk remedies for the treatment of pneumosclerosis

Honey massage is recommended to be carried out every other day, massaging the back of the patient, preferably using fresh honey, without sugar grains. honey is rubbed for several minutes until the palms begin to stick to the skin. Before starting the massage, ask if the person is allergic to honey.

All folk remedies are an active addition to drug therapy, especially during periods of exacerbation, the patient should be under the supervision of the attending physician. In chronic manifestations, folk remedies have a supporting effect, restoring internal forces organism.

When pneumosclerosis manifests itself, treatment with folk remedies is aimed at eliminating such unpleasant symptoms as shortness of breath, fluid in the lungs and bronchi, and cough. Also, grandmother's recipes will help eliminate pain that often accompanies this disease.

Pneumosclerosis of the lungs is associated with disorders in the respiratory system, when not only its paths, but also organs are affected. That's why everything folk ingredients, used for such purposes, have an antimicrobial, mucolytic or resorbable effect

Heal lungs with aloe

Aloe is also known under the same name as agave. Its leaves are used in folk medicine, and all because this plant has a number useful properties:

contains in in large numbers vitamin C, which is an antioxidant and takes an active part in the metabolism of iron and folic acid - with pneumosclerosis helps to relieve inflammation;
vitamin E + vitamin C prevent the formation of scars on the surface of the lungs, has an antitoxic effect;
Vitamin A helps the formation of new healthy cells and pernicious influence on microbes and helps to renew the mucous membranes of organs;
aloe is saturated with a large number of trace elements, due to which not only the lungs and bronchi are restored, but also other human organs.

For effective treatment pneumosclerosis with the help of agave, you can try to drink tincture. To prepare it, you will need to do the following:

5 large fleshy leaves are plucked from the plant and washed thoroughly. Then they are finely chopped or rubbed on a grater.

Honey (2 tablespoons) is added to the resulting slurry, everything is mixed until a homogeneous mass.

Next, you need to add homemade red wine (2 glasses).

The resulting mixture is placed in the refrigerator.

Such medicines should be drunk later than two weeks from the date of preparation. On the day it is taken 1 tbsp. half an hour before meals.

Eucalyptus to the rescue

This plant has a number of very useful properties. Many inhalations, lozenges, tablets are made on its basis, since eucalyptus helps well with colds, makes breathing easier. Such a plant has an antiseptic focus, so it successfully fights infections and prevents suppuration from developing.

In addition to such an impact, eucalyptus is actively used in folk medicine because it has a positive effect on the central nervous system, relaxing and stabilizing it.

Treatment of pneumosclerosis with the help of folk remedies, more precisely eucalyptus, is as follows:

a plant is taken and finely chopped;
after that, only half a liter of boiled water is added to it;
then the mixture must be left to infuse (about 15 minutes).

This tincture can be consumed immediately after it has cooled.

Some add honey to such medicines. Firstly, it will slightly sweeten the taste, and secondly, it will help the tincture gain an even greater therapeutic effect. Such treatment requires 1 month of admission.

It is worth noting that traditional medicine, although based on the use natural ingredients, but the action is somewhat slower than pharmaceuticals. Therefore, all tinctures and decoctions should be used systematically and for a longer time, unlike medicines. It is advisable to alternate different means - so the effect is achieved much faster.

thyme and pikulnik can be used to treat pneumosclerosis of the lungs. They are prepared according to a similar recipe.

We treat the lungs with oatmeal

Many people hate oatmeal since childhood. Unfortunately, if cooked incorrectly, its taste may not be the best. Although in fact this porridge has a lot of useful properties. It helps the work of the gastrointestinal tract well, because it is not in vain that oatmeal is prescribed for many diets. This dish is used by those who have problems with blood vessels, kidneys and liver.

This porridge contains vitamins A and E, fatty acids, which show themselves especially well in boiled form. To fight pneumosclerosis, you can use both natural and processed grains. To do this, oats (1 cup) are washed well and filled with water (1 liter). It must be left overnight so that the grains absorb moisture, after which they are boiled in the morning so that all excess liquid is gone. The resulting porridge is well filtered and taken throughout the day. It is advisable to take the medicine before meals.

We fight pneumosclerosis with onions

This product is quite available at any time of the year. It has not only curative, but also preventive effect. Therefore, doctors so often recommend eating it with the advent of cold weather.

Cibuliva therapy has several recipes for dealing with pulmonary disease:

1 head of onion finely chopped and boiled in sugar syrup. By the way, sugar can be replaced with honey, then the therapeutic effect will be even greater. The product should be boiled until it acquires a transparent color. Next, the broth must be well filtered and cooled. Such medicines should be taken in 1 tbsp. every 2-3 hours, throughout the day.

Another recipe involves boiling onions, but only in this case the syrup is replaced with ordinary purified water (1 cup) and the onion is not cut, but remains whole. The boiled onion should be eaten during the day. Water can be replaced with fresh milk.

What else can help with pneumosclerosis?

But as for problems with the lungs, here you should pay attention to raisins and dried apricots. These products are saturated with microelements and vitamin complexes, due to which their use helps to strengthen the whole organism. This activates the metabolism. Such dried fruits have a diuretic effect, and therefore the kidneys and liver are well cleansed. What is important with pneumosclerosis is that raisins and dried apricots help to liquefy stagnation in the lungs and bronchi, whose accumulation is fraught with consequences.

These dried fruits are poured with boiling water, left for a short time so that they begin to swell. Such medicines should be taken every time before meals. You can also finely chop 100 g of raisins and dried apricots, pour water (1 cup) and put on fire. After they boil, they are removed and left for 10 minutes, then it is necessary to strain their liquid and take 1 tbsp. 3 times a day.

In addition to recipes for internal use, folk medicine also notes the usefulness of honey massage. In this case, the emphasis should be on the back. But this method involves the use of only fresh honey, which has not yet been candied.

In the end, I would like to give a small recommendation on the preparation of such recipes. It is best to use earthenware or glassware in this matter, and when bringing all the holes to a boil, use a small fire. Thus, all ingredients will retain their useful and medicinal properties longer.

Of course, in order to achieve maximum effect, it is better to combine folk remedies with pharmaceutical preparations. In addition, modern experts themselves give recommendations regarding the fact that the patient should take pills with potions and cook various healing decoctions. So recovery will come much faster, and all body functions will return to normal.