Which noun has only a singular form. Nouns that have only a singular form
GOALS:
- know: about nouns that have only a singular form;
- be able to: use the indicated nouns in combination with adjectives and past tense verbs.
During the classes
1. SELF-DICTANT.
2. Consequently, air and moisture (in) increase the level of humidity.
a) Write off the proposal.
b) Insert the missing letters.
c) Open the brackets.
d) Explain spellings.
3. EXPLANATION OF NEW MATERIAL.
a) Write down the nouns in a column: sun, air, moisture, productivity.
b) Determine gender and number: singular.
c) Is it possible to form a plural form from these nouns?
What endings can be used to do this? (- Y, -I; -A, -Z).
d) - What conclusion can be drawn? ( There are nouns that only have a singular form.)
d) Describe the proposal:
1) (What?) “sun, air, moisture” are subjects expressed by nouns.
2) About them (what is said?) that they “increase.” This is a predicate expressed by a verb.
3) “Increase” (what?) productivity. This is an addition expressed by a noun.
4) “Sun”, “air”, “moisture” are homogeneous subjects, since they answer the same question and refer to the same word. The first and second subjects are connected by the intonation of enumeration, they are separated by a comma, the second and third are connected by the conjunction “and”, which is single, in this case the comma is not placed.
5) The sentence is declarative in terms of intonation, and non-exclamatory in terms of the purpose of the statement.
6) Common.
4. THE WORD OF THE TEACHER.
The topic of our lesson today, we read together on the board: "Nouns that have only the singular form." We will learn to distinguish between nouns that are used only in the singular form and those that have two numbers. The weather is good. Can you say that? The word "weather" does not have a plural form. There may be “lingering rains”, “strong thunderstorms” may pass, “strong blizzards and blizzards” may rage, but “weather” - excellent, good, variable, bad, disgusting - will still remain “weather”, a singular noun.
5. WORKING WITH THE BOOK.
Page 206, read the rule.
On the board there is a poster made on one's own for this lesson.
1. Real: milk, sour cream, gasoline, kerosene, kefir.
2. Distracted: love, friendship, redness, kindness, severity.
3. WITH collective: teaching, boyars, kulaks, foliage .
4. Own: Caucasus, Ural, Krokodil magazine, Elektrostal.
6. SECURING.
I read the text, and you write down the nouns in two columns: singular and plural.
You want to bake something for dinner. Not every housewife has them on hand yeast. Bake cookie. Do it like this. Beat two eggs with a glass Sahara. Add half a glass sour cream, slightly diluted kefir Add soda and pour in flour. Knead dough and roll it out. Cut out the shapes and bake them. Ready cookie sprinkle with grated chocolate. Must be served to tea, cream. Bon appetit!
In the first column write down the words: cookies, sugar, sour cream, kefir, soda, flour, dough, chocolate, tea.
In the second column - yeast, cream.
– What other words can be added to these columns?
7. THE WORDS ON THE BOARD. Write them out in 3 columns:
|
Ts.fra, frozen, sh.pot, darkness, v.rota, everyday life, northern edge, sh.rokh, darkness, r.wall, ts.rk, t.darkness, holiday, (by) darkness , anger.
– What words are there more in the Russian language? ( Those that have two numbers).
– What grammatical features do nouns that have only a plural form not have? ( Gender, declension).
– What are synonyms? Find them in our words.
8. COLLABORATION.
Find antonyms for nouns. They must be consumed only in singular form.
– What are antonyms? On the desk:
9. HOMEWORK(orally select antonyms for nouns).
Thaw - frost; holiday - everyday life; dawn - darkness.
Come up with a sentence using one of the words.
10. INSERT nouns that are used only in the singular form.
There is no bad weather) . Every...(weather)...(grace). Shura ... (hay) raked, ... (rake) in ... (hay) forgot.
Sleeping under the snow... Let... (blizzard) spin in the fields. ... (February) a gray-haired man wanders along the road. Let it get colder again, but...(spring) will still come.
11. RESULT OF THE LESSON.
What new did you learn in the lesson?
12. ASSESSMENT OF GRADING.
Purpose: 1. Know the categories of nouns that have only a plural or only a singular form. 2. Be able to distinguish nouns that have the same numerical form from other nouns. 3. Be able to select antonyms for nouns.
Classes of nouns that have only the plural form 1. Names of paired objects: sleigh, droshky, scissors, tongs, gates, glasses, trousers, etc. 2. Names of games: burners, hide and seek, blind man's buff, chess, checkers, etc. 3. Designations of individual time periods: day, weekdays, twilight, holidays, etc. 4. Substance-collective nouns: pasta, cream, yeast, ink, perfume, etc. 5. Proper names: Alps, Carpathians, Kholmogory, Gorki.
Classes of nouns that have only the singular form 1. Real nouns: butter, milk, sugar, water, oil, steel, copper, etc. 2. Collective nouns: spruce forest, youth, students, etc. 3. Abstract (abstract): whiteness, cleanliness, laziness, kindness, thinness, enthusiasm, running, mowing, walking, warmth, dampness, thaw, etc. 5. Proper names (full name): Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy
The plural form of some of these nouns is possible, but only to designate certain grades, grades Stainless steel (units) - alloy steels (plural); olive oil (units) – technical oils (plural); impenetrable mud (singular) – healing mud (plural); spinal cord (singular) – prepare brains (plural)
Choose antonyms for nouns that are used only in the singular. (10 points) Strength - weakness; true False; wealth - poverty; tears - laughter; fun - sadness; old age - youth; anger - kindness; white – black; running - walking; light - darkness.
Nouns are the main component of our speech. From the many possible words, we always choose those that are more suitable for us in style and color. The way a person constructs his speech can say a lot about his personality and mentality to his interlocutor. Therefore, it is very important to be able to express your thoughts competently and clearly. To do this, you need to know the basics of Russian grammar and be able to apply them in real life when communicating with people. In this article we will analyze such a category as the number of nouns.
A noun in Russian can be used in one of two possible forms - singular or plural. Number is one of the main characteristics of a part of speech called a noun. But there are Russian nouns that can be used in speech only in the singular or only in the plural. Let's figure it out in order.
Singular nouns
With singular nouns, in general, everything is clear and understandable even without grammatical rules: they denote one thing or person, that is, any (for example, a pen, a book, a house, a cat). Such singular nouns have their own gender (feminine, masculine or neuter; sometimes common), and also, regardless of number, are declined according to cases.
Plural nouns
The same nouns can also be used in the plural (pens, books, houses, cats). These are nouns that denote several things. Very often in the Russian language there are nouns that have only a plural form. You can read about them below.
Plural nouns that are often misspelled
More than one full-fledged article could be written about the most common mistakes in everyday speech in the Russian language, but here we will focus our attention only on the incorrect use of nouns. For nouns, the plural and correct formation of forms are very often questioned.
You should definitely pay attention to the spelling of the following words in the genitive case: boots - boot, felt boots - felt boots, boots - boot, soldiers - soldier, places - places, apples - apples.
And errors in the use of these words in the genitive case can be heard very often in grocery stores: tangerines - tangerines, nectarines - nectarines, tomatoes - tomatoes, oranges - oranges. Nouns that have only a plural form differ somewhat from the data in terms of case declension.
Formation of plural forms: features
Sometimes some difficulties arise in forming the plural form for a certain category of nouns. In the Russian language there are no rules as such that determine what ending is required for the plural of nouns that we need to apply at a particular moment. Therefore, it can be quite difficult to use the word correctly. Let's pay attention to special cases concerning the plural of nouns. It’s better to just memorize them so as not to make mistakes and not doubt the correct use of words.
First of all, these are masculine nouns (s in the singular), with endings -ы, -и, most often denoting professions. For example, a trainer - trainers (not trainers!), a contract - contracts, an accountant - accountants, a lecturer - lecturers, cream - creams, and so on.
The next group is the same nouns as in the previous one, but with the endings -a, -ya: professor - professors, doctor - doctors, director - directors, anchor - anchors and so on.
Nouns, always used in the singular
In the Russian language there are many nouns that do not change in number and are always used exclusively in the singular form. Let's consider the groups into which the following nouns can be divided:
Denoting different feelings, characteristics of the state and human qualities (tenderness, anger, malice, hatred, lust, dependence, security, weakness, kindness);
Denoting characteristics of an object (grayness, blueness, redness, thinness, fullness, density);
Material (oil, gold, steel, tin, silver, nickel, sugar, sour cream, butter, pearls);
Denoting several identical objects in the aggregate (dishes, foliage, children, animals);
Denoting objects that exist in all of nature in a single copy (Sun, Earth, sky, Moon); This group also includes geographical names (Argentina, Stockholm, Moscow, Irtysh, Novosibirsk, Crimea, Ob).
Nouns that have only plural forms
The following nouns exist only in the plural in the Russian language:
Denoting various kinds of substances (blush, perfume, ink, yeast);
Indicating objects in a pair (jeans, rakes, rollers, trousers, leggings, trousers, leggings, glasses, sleds, sleds);
Denoting games or some processes (checkers, tag, hide and seek, blind man's buff, catch-up, elections);
Denoting natural phenomena or time periods (days, holidays, twilight, weekdays);
Which are geographical or astronomical names (Sochi, Alps, Kuril Islands, Libra).
So, let’s summarize: in the Russian language there are two forms of nouns - singular and plural. Most words have both forms, but there are also nouns that have only a plural form, and, of course, those that are used only in the singular.
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Slide captions:
Nouns that have only singular form
Dear Guys! Today we will continue our acquaintance with the grammatical category of number. You will see that some nouns cannot be used in the plural. Be sure to remember the lexical groups of words that have only the singular form, and use them correctly in speech.
As you know, most nouns have both singular and plural forms, i.e. vary by numbers: mother, notebook, fox, lamp, etc. Look at the pictures, pay attention to how you can use the ending to change the number of a noun.
Cake Cakes
Among the nouns there are those that have only a singular form. Look at the pictures and compare the captions under the pictures. Please note that sometimes a singular noun is used to denote many identical objects: strawberries, milk, etc.
strawberry strawberry The noun strawberry does not have a plural form.
Remember! Nouns that have only a singular form include words with the meaning: substances (cotton, milk); qualities, actions (whiteness, fear); groups of people (youth, students).
This is interesting. In modern Russian, the words shores, eyes, hands, feet, eyebrows have a plural form. In the Old Russian language there was a so-called dual number, which denoted paired objects: two eyes, two hands, two banks. If we determine the number of these words from the point of view of history, we must say that these words have the form of a dual number.
Training apparatus. Highlight the nouns that have only the singular form. But two more days passed, and Petka entered into a complete agreement with nature. The high school student Mitya had a dark-yellow face, like a second-class carriage, the hair on the top of his head stood up straight and was completely white... When he rang the bell at his door late at night, the first sound after the bell was the sonorous barking of a dog, in which one could also hear the fear of a stranger and joy that it is going well. (According to L. Andreev.)
Check yourself. Nouns that have only singular form Divide the words into two groups: singular only. h., all the rest Blackberry, nose, escape, rake, silver, corn, youth, wool, shirt, bedspread, star.
Speak correctly! Remember which syllable is stressed in these words: beets, silage, cotton
Trainer Write 10 nouns that can only have a singular form and make 2 - 3 sentences with them.
Trainer Make up common sentences in which the subjects are the words blueberry, foliage, silver, flight, uprising, and the predicates are verbs in the past tense.
Important conclusion There are nouns that can only have a plural form or only a singular form. For example, the words scissors, burners, gates have only a plural form. And the words willow, nettle, sorrel, raspberry, youth, etc. have only a singular form.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Technological map of the lesson “The riddle of the plural” (Nouns that have only a plural form).
Technological map of the lesson “The riddle of the plural” (Nouns that have only the plural form)....
A Russian language lesson in the 6th grade of a special (correctional) school of the VIII type on the topic “Nouns that have only a singular or only a plural form” is one of the lessons...
