Symptoms, causes and treatment of uterine prolapse in old age. Conservative treatment without surgery

Prolapse of the vaginal walls or vaginal prolapse is an abnormal condition in the female reproductive system, which mainly occurs in women who have given birth after fifty years of age due to weakening pelvic floor, but it can also occur in women aged 30 to 45 years (forty cases out of a hundred), as well as up to thirty years (ten cases out of a hundred). Vaginal prolapse is not always associated with birth process, in three percent of cases, the abnormal condition develops in young and nulliparous girls.

Causes or mechanism of vaginal prolapse.
Prolapse of the vaginal walls (prolapse) is expressed in a change in the anatomical location of the pelvic organs against the background of muscle weakening abdominal area and pelvic floor. Why is this happening? Due to increased pressure inside the abdominal region, the elasticity of the ligaments is gradually lost, which is why they are unable to maintain the internal organs (in particular the bladder, uterus, rectum) in the required physiological position. Hence, the increase in organ pressure gradually leads to loss muscle tone perineum and prolapse of vaginal tissue.

Promote development similar condition can be caused by many factors, including:

Congenital anomaly of connective tissue development.
Promotion intra-abdominal pressure(constipation in chronic form, frequent ARVI, accompanied by cough).
The development of complications during childbirth (long-term labor, perineal injuries, large fruit, usage obstetric forceps during childbirth).
Sudden weight loss due to obesity.
Tumor changes in the genital organs.
Hard physical labor.
An operation to remove the uterus when the vaginal dome was not fixed.
Changes in the body that occur with age (loss of tissue elasticity (after 60 years)).
Number of births (after the birth of the second child, the risk of prolapse of the vaginal walls increases significantly).

The course of the disease is characterized by a slow pace at the beginning and rapid progression in the future, often accompanied by inflammatory diseases.

During the development of the disease, either the anterior or posterior wall of the vagina can undergo prolapse, or both at the same time. IN clinical practice most often occurs prolapse of the anterior wall, which is inevitably accompanied by prolapse Bladder and urethra. When lowered back wall vagina, there is a high risk of rectal prolapse or prolapse.

Degrees of vaginal prolapse.

The first degree is prolapse of the posterior, anterior or both walls of the vagina, while the vulva itself does not extend beyond the boundaries of the entrance.
The second degree is partial prolapse of the anterior wall of the vagina with part of the bladder (cystocele) or the posterior wall with part of the rectum (rectocele), accompanied by bulging of the walls outward.
The third degree is complete prolapse of the vaginal walls, mainly accompanied by uterine prolapse.

Signs of prolapse and prolapse of the vaginal walls.
On early stages The disease does not manifest itself in any way. First alarm bells, signaling the disease are pain during sexual intercourse and weakening of sensations during this process. Further, heaviness and pressure in the vulva may be felt; as it progresses, inflammation, swelling of the genital slit, discomfort during urination, incontinence (urine, stool and gas), nagging pain in the abdomen, lumbar region.

Prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall most often manifests itself in the form of development chronic cystitis against the background of stagnation of urine, the posterior wall - in the form of constipation and a feeling of presence foreign object in the vulva.

A complication of prolapse of any of the vaginal walls is often prolapse and then prolapse of the uterus, which manifests itself in the form of excessive sanguineous or bloody discharge.

Diagnosis of prolapse and prolapse of the vaginal walls.
Detection of the disease is not difficult, upon examination in gynecological chair the walls of the vagina and cervix protruding from the genital tract are noticeable. The doctor adjusts them and then assesses the condition of the pelvic floor muscles. In this case, additional consultation with a urologist and proctologist is required.

Prolapse of the vaginal walls and pregnancy.
Pregnancy with this state possible, but the degree of development of the disease should be taken into account. The first degree of the disease allows you to give birth without prior surgery. In this case, strengthening exercises will help pelvic muscles and the press. In case of progressive disease, it is necessary surgery, recovery, only then can you get pregnant. Otherwise, prolapse of the vagina is fraught with prolapse of the uterus.

And one more nuance, after the operation you will no longer be able to give birth on your own; a caesarean section is indicated.

Treatment of prolapse of the vaginal walls.
Prolapse of the vaginal walls, if diagnosed early, can be eliminated conservatively; in more advanced and complicated cases, surgical intervention is performed. Timely treatment significantly reduces the risk of complications.

Conservative therapy.
Therapy is indicated for minor prolapse of the vaginal walls and is expressed in the use of a set of exercises, the purpose of which is to increase the muscle tone of the pelvic floor, including Kegel exercises (squeezing and relaxing the muscles of the perineum), and physical therapy exercises. At the same time, therapy is prescribed for general strengthening body, while nutrition is not the least important (no heavy products, which can cause constipation and complicate the problem).

During menopause, women are prescribed hormone replacement therapy to improve blood circulation and strengthen the muscles and ligaments of the pelvic organs.

If surgery is contraindicated for a woman for any reason, to prevent complete prolapse of the uterus, the patient is fitted with uterine rings (pessaries) - a device for maintaining internal organs inserted into the vulva. The pessary is selected for each patient individually, after which regular monitoring by a gynecologist is indicated to exclude the development serious complications(purulent and ulcerative processes, irritation and swelling of the mucous membrane, ingrowth of the pessary into the cervix or vulva). To prevent these phenomena, the doctor prescribes douching and washing the vagina. If weakness of the vaginal muscles does not allow insertion of a pessary, then a hysterophore is used - a device that holds the uterus by means of a pessary connected to a bandage attached to the waist.

Gymnastics (set of exercises) for prolapse of the vaginal walls at an early stage (can be used as a preventive measure for the disease).

Exercises while standing on all fours:

While inhaling, we raise the straightened right hand and lower the left leg while exhaling. Do six repetitions. Then do the same thing, only with the left hand and right foot.
As we inhale, we lower our head and draw in the muscles of the perineum; on the way out, we relax, raise our head and bend in the lower back. Do ten repetitions.
Bend your elbows and alternately raise your right and left leg. Do twelve repetitions with each leg.

Exercises while lying on your back.

Arms along the body, legs straightened and joined together. Slowly, while exhaling, we raise our legs, while inhaling, we spread them apart, while we exhale, we close them, and while inhaling, we return to the starting position. Do eight repetitions.
Hands under your head, feet together. Raise the pelvis while simultaneously drawing in the muscles anus. Do ten repetitions slowly.
At an average pace we make a “bicycle” of twenty revolutions.
Raise straight legs one by one. Do eight times with each leg.
We lift our legs off the floor, put them behind our heads, and stretch our toes to the floor. Do six approaches at a slow pace.
Raise your straight legs (together) at an angle of 45° to the floor and return back. Perform slowly eight times.
Bend your knees (foot on the floor, arms under your head) and spread them slightly. Raise your pelvis from the floor, spread your knees wide and pull the anus muscles inward. Do ten approaches.

Exercises should be performed slowly and monitor your breathing. Do it two hours before meals or two hours later. Class time is not limited.

Kegel exercises.

We strain the pelvic muscles in steps, from low effort to maximum, each position should be fixed for several seconds. We relax in the same way.
Hold urination for 10-20 seconds.
Moderate straining (as during childbirth).

Surgery for prolapse and prolapse of the vaginal walls (vaginal wall plastic surgery).
After examining the patient with the participation of a proctologist and urologist, the doctor prescribes treatment, taking into account the severity of the pathology, the degree of prolapse, the patient’s age and individual characteristics her body. Generally recommended surgery with plastic elements. Basically, this is colpoplasty, which involves suturing the vaginal walls. There are two types of colpoplasty:

Colporrhaphy - removal of “excess” tissue from the vaginal walls and stitching them together during prolapse and prolapse; the operation is aimed at restoring the anatomical location of the organs by strengthening the pelvic floor muscles. Can be front or back.
Colpoperineorrhaphy is a reduction of the posterior wall of the vagina (against the background of overstretching after childbirth) by suturing it and tightening the perineal muscles.

Surgical intervention is carried out using general anesthesia. The choice of surgical technique is determined by the surgeon, taking into account visual and video colposcopic examination, analysis of the condition of the tissues of the vulvar walls and the presence concomitant diseases pelvic organs.

Postoperative period.
After assessment general condition After the intervention, the doctor discharges the patient, usually on the second day after the intervention. To prevent the development of complications and accelerate recovery period It is necessary to strictly follow all the doctor’s recommendations, namely:

During the first five days, treat the perineum with an antiseptic.
Take antibiotics prescribed by your doctor.
For two weeks, to avoid overstraining the operated muscles, sitting is prohibited.
In the first week, it is recommended to eat liquid or semi-liquid foods to prevent the development of constipation.
Exclude physical ones, including sports loads no less than a month.
Resume sex life It is recommended no earlier than five weeks after surgery.

Modern equipment and microsurgery capabilities allow the operation to be performed with minimal trauma. After the intervention there are no visible marks or scars left on the body.

Prevention of prolapse of the vaginal walls.

Correct suturing of ruptures or cuts of the perineum during childbirth.
Mandatory physical education before, during and after childbirth.
Do exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles during pregnancy and after childbirth.
Learn to urinate in portions, squeezing the stream several times during one urination.
Protect yourself from carrying heavy objects.
Balanced nutrition, including during pregnancy.
Gentle conservative management of childbirth and prevention of maternal injuries.
Learn to pull your vulva up while walking.

Treatment of prolapse of the vaginal walls folk remedies.
Treatment with traditional medicine can only be effective at an early stage and in combination with other treatment methods prescribed by a doctor, including exercises.

Quince can be brewed and drunk as tea; it gives tone to the muscles of the uterus. Per 100 g dried fruits and a liter of water, brew using a water bath.

An alcoholic tincture of astragalus root is also considered effective means traditional medicine vs of this disease. Take nine parts of vodka for some of the chopped roots. Keep the mixture for two weeks in a cool, dark place. Then strain. Take three times before the main meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner), with big amount water. Treatment course includes thirty days, if necessary, the course can be repeated after two weeks.

Mix 50 g each linden color and lemon balm, add 70 g of white cherry and 10 g of alder root. Grind the mixture. Take two tablespoons, brew 200 ml of boiling water and leave until completely cool. Take half a glass three times a day before meals. The course of treatment is twenty-one days; after a two-week break, the course can be repeated.

Datura is effective as a remedy for sitz baths in cases of partial prolapse. Pour 20 g of herb into seven liters of boiling water and keep in a water bath for fifteen minutes. After this, the infusion should be cooled to 38 degrees. Use for a sitz bath, lasting no more than ten minutes.

Uterine prolapse (ICD code N81 - prolapse of the female genital organs) is its displacement through the vagina to the outside as a result of weakening of the ligaments and muscles of the pelvis. It is end result prolonged prolapse (prolapse) pelvic organs.

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1. How does everything happen?

Uterus along with fallopian tubes and the ovaries are located in the pelvis. Topographically, it does not extend beyond the boundaries of the plane of entry into the pelvis.

It is held in a constant position by several large ligaments: wide, round and cardinal. Together with the pelvic muscles, they provide a frame for the internal organs, which does not allow them to move significantly.

For adequate functioning of ligaments, muscles and fascia, it is necessary to maintain their elasticity, firmness and tone at the proper level.

If for any reason these conditions are not met, then the internal frame weakens and the organs begin their downward movement (under the influence of gravity). First, prolapse occurs, and then prolapse (movement beyond the genital opening).

As a rule, uterine prolapse is combined with prolapse of adjacent organs:

1 Bladder (cystocele). Often combined with displacement urethra(cystourethrocele).
2 Anterior wall of the rectum (rectocele).
3 Vaginal vault (apical prolapse). It is observed after hysterectomy in approximately 10% of cases.

On a note! During pregnancy, after natural birth displacement also occurs, the ligamentous apparatus is stretched, and the tone of the pelvic muscles weakens.
Despite such changes, healthy woman After delivery, the internal organs return to their normal position!

2. Classification

Pelvic organ prolapse is classified according to Baden-Walker as follows:

Table 2 - Degrees of uterine prolapse

According to statistics, in 25-35% of cases, a relapse occurs in the first 2-4 years after surgery, so the best treatment option for the elderly remains hysterectomy with strengthening of the pelvic muscles.

11. After surgery

To prevent relapse, you need to change your lifestyle and follow several rules:

1 Avoid constipation by following a diet with normal fiber content.
2 Do not overexert your abdominal muscles.
3 Do not lift heavy objects.
4 Prevent cough and bronchopulmonary diseases.
5 Don't ride a bike, don't jump.
6 Perform Kegel exercises to maintain muscle tone.
7 Wear the bandage no more than 12 hours per day.

Uterine prolapse, like any pathology, is easier to prevent and treat in the initial stages, so if signs of prolapse appear, you should immediately visit your doctor.

Women's reproductive system – complex mechanism, in which all the details are closely interconnected. They begin with age hormonal disorders that cause pathologies gynecological nature. Uterine prolapse - what to do in old age? How modern therapeutic methods used to eliminate pathology?

Causes

After childbirth, with the onset of menopause, the tone of the pelvic floor muscles may weaken - the uterus begins to move down towards the entrance to the vagina. This pathology is called uterine prolapse and can be of several types:

partial – minimal displacement of the uterus, Clinical signs diseases are hardly noticeable;
prolapse – complete prolapse of the uterus;

True uterine prolapse should be distinguished from the following pathologies, which are essentially pelvic hernias:

rectocele – confusion occurs not only of the uterus, but also of the bladder;
cystocele – prolapse of the uterus along with part of the rectum.

The main reason is weakening muscle tone and hormonal imbalances. Hair loss can occur due to obesity, chronic cough and constipation. Problems occur for women who, due to their line of work, often have to lift heavy things.

There is a genetic predisposition to uterine prolapse; this pathology is most often diagnosed in European women. The cause of the disease may be neoplasms in organs reproductive sphere, women with a degenerating uterus are at risk. Rarely, there are congenital organ damages that cause prolapse.

Important! Prolapse is more often diagnosed in women with a history of protracted labor, multiple pregnancy.

On initial stage development of the disease, unpleasant sensations do not bother a woman at rest, but appear under severe stress.

Main features:

nagging pain in the lower abdomen, lumbar region;
defecation, emptying the bladder, sexual intercourse causes discomfort;
there is a feeling of the presence of a foreign object in the vagina;
violation menstrual cycle, appearance various kinds copious discharge.

Important! Uterine prolapse is often accompanied by incontinence of urine, feces, and gases.

When unpleasant symptoms you need to visit a gynecologist. The primary diagnosis is made after examination in a gynecological chair - the doctor determines the degree of mixing of the uterus and nearby internal organs. Initial examination allows you to exclude the presence of cysts and other gynecological abnormalities.

To determine the degree of development of the pathology, ultrasound is prescribed, computed tomography, colposcopy. Additionally, you need to take a vaginal smear for bacteriological examination.

What to do for prolapse - treatment

Treatment of uterine prolapse in elderly women is carried out using conservative and surgical methods. At the initial stage of prolapse development, the problem can be eliminated without surgery. For this purpose they use medications, massage, bandage, tampons - all these activities help improve muscle tone.

Therapeutic treatment is carried out in the following cases:

At the initial stage of the disease, the probability of returning the uterus to its place without surgery exists, although in older patients it is lower than in younger ones. For this purpose they use hormonal drugs, physical therapy and gynecological massage.
As a supportive method when it is necessary to prevent further downward movement of the uterus. A special uterine ring is inserted into the vagina - it provides support to the organ. Additionally, it is necessary to fix the lower abdomen and groin area using a bandage.

During therapeutic treatment it is necessary to adhere to special diet– do not eat foods that can cause constipation. Need to limit physical exercise, do not lift heavy objects.

Operation

Operation is the most effective method to eliminate prolapse. In severe cases of pathology, the uterus is completely removed in case of prolapse. If the disease is not at a critical stage, then with the help special methods restore the ligaments that support the uterus in its natural position.

Surgery for uterine prolapse in old age is performed transvaginally (transvaginally) and laparoscopic method. Depending on the degree of development of the pathology, the presence of other gynecological diseases, a complete removal of the uterus can be performed. Or, during the operation, the surgeon strengthens the vaginal walls and shortens the muscles. Sometimes special implants are placed in the form of meshes, which act as a supporting frame for the uterus.

Folk remedies

Herbal medicines are an auxiliary, but not the main type of therapy for prolapse. Herbal decoctions are used for baths, douching, impregnation of tampons, and taken orally. Natural remedies will help strengthen muscles, eliminate pain and other symptoms of the disease.

Effective medicine if they fall out, mix the crushed shells of five eggs with puree from nine lemons. Place the mixture in a dark place for 4 days and filter. Take 50 ml 2 times a day, continue treatment until the end of the medication.

Herbs

Herbal tea when omitted is prepared from equal amounts of linden blossom, lemon balm and claspberry. Pour 220 ml of boiling water over 10 g of the mixture, cool in a closed container. Divide the infusion into 3 servings and drink throughout the day.

Quince

Quince is one of the the best means to improve muscle tone of the rectum and uterus. Pour 100 ml of water over 10 dried fruits and simmer in a water bath for a quarter of an hour. Drink warm instead of tea 4-5 times a day.

Kalina

Prolapse is often accompanied by inflammatory processes in the genital organs. An anti-inflammatory decoction can be prepared from 6 g of viburnum inflorescences and 240 ml of boiling water. Simmer the mixture over heat for 10 minutes, strain, and take 45 ml of the medicine three times a day.

Oak bark

Oak decoction helps improve muscle tone, eliminates inflammatory processes. Grind 70 g of oak bark, pour in 2 liters of water, simmer over low heat for 2 hours - this amount is enough for several douchings; first, the broth needs to be warmed up a little. The procedure should be carried out daily for 3–4 weeks.

Dymyanka

Fumigator grass strengthens muscles well, is especially effective on initial stage diseases. Pour 6 g of crushed raw materials into 500 ml cold water, leave for 8 hours. Drink 120 ml of medicine three times a day half an hour before meals.

A bath of pine nuts helps with prolapse - pour 2 liters of boiling water over 180 g of nuts, cook for an hour over low heat in a closed container, leave for half an hour. Pour into the bath, the duration of the procedure is a quarter of an hour, the water temperature during this entire time should be between 37–39 degrees.

Gymnastics

To treat and prevent uterine prolapse, it is necessary to regularly do Kegel exercises, which are aimed at strengthening the vaginal muscles. Simple exercises will help restore muscles after childbirth and avoid the development of gynecological diseases.

The exercise is based on alternating tension and relaxation intimate muscles. When tense, you need to pull them in, fix the position for 15–20 seconds, and slowly relax. Repeat the tension after 5 seconds; you need to do gymnastics three times a day for 10–15 minutes, gradually increasing the duration of the tension.

In addition to Kegel exercises, you need to walk more and climb stairs more often. Bicycle exercise, exercise on an exercise bike, and swimming are good for strengthening muscles.

Consequences

Prolapse does not go away on its own; it requires long-term drug treatment or surgery. Without proper therapy, an advanced form of pathology can cause severe complications.

What are the risks of uterine prolapse in an elderly woman:

development of endocervicitis, cystitis;
varicose veins;
the appearance of ulcers in the vagina and cervix;
Infringement of the prolapsed uterus may occur, and areas with dead tissue appear.

With uterine prolapse, the risk of infection increases several times, contact bleeding, bedsores of the vaginal walls, and strangulation of intestinal loops appear.

To avoid loss, you need to promptly eliminate postpartum injuries and ruptures, avoid lifting heavy objects, and regularly include foods in your diet that prevent constipation.

Prolapse is a complex pathology that is often diagnosed in older women. At the initial stage it is possible therapeutic treatment, in advanced forms, surgical intervention is required, including complete removal of the uterus.

Uterine rings are simple, convenient and absolutely safe way treatment of uterine prolapse. Due to their versatility, pessaries allow you to very effectively, without the use of radical measures, solve specific gynecological problems women.

Being a strong smooth muscle organ, the uterus can sometimes change its position in the pelvic cavity and shift to the vagina or external genitalia. In this case, prolapse or prolapse of an organ occurs, which partially or completely comes out, causing the woman a lot of inconvenience. The most frequent complaints in such cases there is nagging pain varying intensity in the lower back, lower abdomen and sacrum, sensation foreign body in the perineum, as well as great discomfort during regular hygiene procedures or during sexual intercourse.

There are four stages of prolapse:

I - slight displacement uterus downwards;
II - initial prolapse, when, upon straining, the cervix appears from the genital slit;
III - partial prolapse - part of the body of the uterus protrudes from the vagina already at rest;
IV - complete loss.

Treatment is selected according to the type and severity of organ prolapse. However, the best therapeutic and alternative method, known to Hippocrates, special uterine rings are used to “reduce” the uterus.

Main types, shapes and sizes of pessaries

Pessaries or uterine rings are flexible silicone medical products, which are intended to create additional support, fix the organ when it is displaced, and also as a barrier that prevents the prolapse of the uterus, rectum, bladder or sagging of the vaginal walls. Due to its elasticity, this device, after being inserted inside, easily takes the desired position and does not at all affect the woman’s freedom of movement and her usual rhythm of life.

Rings vary in shape and size:

thin;
curved (Hodge pessaries);
mushroom-shaped;
cup regular or perforated;
tandem;
urethral;
calyx-urethral;
cubic;
adaptive.

The diameters of the pessaries are also uneven and vary from minimum indicators 50 mm to a maximum of 100 mm. Moreover, according to the type of appointment they distinguish:

Obstetric rings. Indicated for pregnant women to avoid danger premature birth and for the prevention of ICI (isthmic-cervical insufficiency).
Gynecological rings. Used for prolapse/prolapse of the uterus and organs of the female reproductive system.

Definition and selection the desired type and the size of the pessary is solely a medical prerogative.

However, it is important to distinguish between vaginal and uterine rings. The former act as a barrier method of contraception, while uterine rings are a therapeutic and prophylactic device. You can buy the necessary pessary in pharmacies or medical equipment stores, but only after consulting a gynecologist.

Advantages:

Effective therapy for uterine prolapse.
Help in maintaining pregnancy and preventing the risk of premature birth.
High performance at any stage of pregnancy and during varying degrees uterine prolapse.
Hypoallergenic.
Safety and ease of use.
There is absolutely no risk of soft tissue injury.
Good alternative surgical method treatment (various types of operations are discussed at the link).

Flaws:

Installation of a pessary

Initial introduction uterine ring carried out exclusively by a gynecologist in an outpatient setting. In the future, a woman, with the help of simple manipulations, can carry out this procedure already on your own. Its installation is always preceded by an individual examination for infectious and bacteriological inflammation. Before direct insertion of the uterine ring, it is sterilized by boiling or rinsing in hot water. For smooth and easier installation, the device is treated vegetable oil or sterile Vaseline.

The pessary is always inserted in the supine position. During this process, the ring is compressed and inserted deep into the vagina so that, when unrolled, convex surface the pessary was facing the cervix. During and after this procedure, provided correct selection shape and size of the ring, the woman should not experience any painful or uncomfortable sensations.

In this video you can see the technique for introducing one type of pessary:

Further, every two weeks for 1.5 months, an examination by a gynecologist is necessary to ensure the normal position of the device and the absence of possible developments. associated complications. The average period of wearing the ring is from 2 to 6 months, depending on the history of prolapse. If the pessary does not provide constant wearing, before each subsequent administration it must be treated with an antiseptic.

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According to medical statistics, after 60 years, more than fifty percent of women have a history of a disease such as uterine prolapse. Symptoms and treatment, reviews various methods you can find a variety of different ones. What to do - agree to the operation or trust folk remedies - we will figure it out.

What happens with prolapse

Prolapse of the uterus (prolapse) is pathological condition, in which the bottom of the cervix is in the woman’s body due to weakening of her muscles and ligamentous apparatus shifts. This manifests itself as a feeling of discomfort, nagging pain, pathological discharge from the vagina and urination disorders. If the process is started, then uterine prolapse is possible, either partial or complete. Thus, despite the fact that this pathology is quite common, cervical prolapse, symptoms and treatment, reviews different approaches to which may be different, requires careful and serious attention.

Normally, the uterus is located in the pelvis at an equal distance from its walls. At the same time, the bladder is located behind it and in front. Uterine prolapse is most often diagnosed in women whose age exceeds 40 years. The leading factor in the development of this disease is a violation of the coordinated actions of the moving abdominal muscles. These include the anterior wall and pelvic floor. At the same time, their ability to hold organs located in the pelvis (uterus, its appendages, intestinal loops) in physiological correct position decreases.

They are being displaced. Disorders arise as a result of damage. The reason for this may be injuries that a woman received during childbirth, repeated sprains, ruptures of the perineum, heavy lifting, and innervation disorders. All this can cause prolapse of the uterus. Symptoms and treatment in this case will be somewhat different from the pathology that manifests itself in more mature age.

When the pelvic floor muscles weaken, the uterus and its appendages gradually move downward under pressure coming from higher organs. At the same time, its physiological position, in which the uterus rests in front of the bladder and the pubic bones, changes. Subsequently, such displacement leads to the formation of a hernial orifice in front or behind the uterus. Since weakened or damaged muscles are not able to hold the uterus in place, first the anterior vaginal wall is displaced, then the entire organ and its appendages. Often these processes occur unnoticed and take years. This is why so many older women are well aware of what uterine prolapse is, its symptoms and treatment. Almost half of women of this age can leave reviews about it at 65 years old. Often the disease continues for more than one year.

Reasons leading to omission

As with all diseases, there are a number of reasons that cause cervical prolapse. Doctors' reviews describe the symptoms and treatment in some detail. The studies carried out made it possible to identify the most serious causes of the disease.

First of all, this is a complicated birth. After them, women are most likely to suffer damage to the muscles located on the pelvic floor. The reason for this may be perineal ruptures, a fetus with a large body weight, or obstetric manipulations.
Surgical interventions on the genital organs.
Congenital malformations of the pelvic region.
Neurological disorders, causing disturbance innervation of the diaphragm.
Hormone deficiency (especially estrogen) that develops after menopause.
Connective tissue dysplasia.

Risk factors

In addition to the above reasons, there are several other factors that increase the possibility that a woman will develop uterine prolapse over time. Symptoms and treatment, reviews and recommendations from doctors about various methods of therapy must be studied if there is a suspicion of the disease. Risk factors include:

lifting weights and heavy physical labor;
numerous births;
obesity;
heredity;
tumors in abdominal cavity;
increased pressure in the abdominal cavity resulting from chronic constipation, paroxysmal cough;
elderly and senile age.

Stages of the disease

In the development of such pathologists as uterine prolapse (symptoms and treatment, reviews of therapy we will study), five stages are distinguished.

The vaginal walls are slightly lowered.
The walls of the vagina are drooping, and both the bladder and rectum are involved in the process.
The cervix descends to the level of the vaginal opening.
The cervix is located below the opening of the vagina (incomplete prolapse).
The uterus falls out completely, everting the walls of the vagina.

Symptoms

As already mentioned, this pathology most often manifests itself in adulthood, which means uterine prolapse (symptoms) and treatment in the elderly becomes more actual problem than in women under forty years of age. This is also due to the fact that it is not possible to independently identify the problem in the early stages. As a rule, the only sign that may bother a young woman is early stages prolapse (prolapse) of the uterus is a decrease in the quality of sexual contact and constant It's a dull pain lower abdomen. As the disease progresses, the pain becomes acute and is accompanied by lower back pain. Except pain syndrome, the woman is worried about frequent urination and bowel disorders. Externally, the disease manifests itself as swelling and microcracks in the perineum, which are formed due to constant friction and irritation.

As the disease progresses, pelvic dysfunctions join the symptoms. These include urinary incontinence, which can be triggered by sneezing, laughing, or coughing. Intestinal function is disrupted. This may manifest itself as constipation or the development of colitis (inflammation of the large intestine, which is characterized by constipation alternating with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weakness). Most unpleasant consequences associated with uterine prolapse relate to stool or gas incontinence.

On late stages disease, there is a feeling of prolapse of the uterus into the perineal area. Ulceration, inflammation and atrophy of the mucous membrane of the organs that are located in the pelvis appear. Not only the uterus develops, but also the bladder and intestines. However, despite such pronounced external manifestations, the pain is usually not too intense. Rather, the woman suffers from emotional disorder, feeling “disabled.” There are cases where women were embarrassed to seek help for years, thereby aggravating the disease and what could have been corrected conservatively had to be treated with help surgical intervention.

Diagnostics

As a rule, diagnosing uterine prolapse is not difficult. A gynecologist can determine it visually when examining a woman. To do this, she is simply asked to push. The difficulty is that if the disease is in the early stages, it can be difficult to determine “by eye” where exactly the defects are localized - on the back or on the front wall. In this case, a pelvic ultrasound and cystoscopy are performed. In addition, to exclude infection, swabs are taken for flora, bacteriological culture, material for cytology.

Conservative treatment

Like diagnosis, symptoms and treatment are individual for pathologies such as uterine prolapse. Reviews after childbirth may also vary. In some cases, the defects are minor and when straining, the organs do not appear outside the entrance to the vagina, and there are no complaints. In this case, treatment is not carried out at all or a set of special exercises is prescribed.

In case of more advanced pathology and if there are contraindications for surgical intervention, uterine rings (pessaries) are used. They can be made of silicone and installed in the vagina for a long time. Another type of uterine ring is made of rubber. When using such products, in order to avoid bedsores on the vaginal wall, a woman should remove them at night and reinstall them in the morning. Pessaries can be cup-shaped or ring-shaped. Their choice depends on the degree of prolapse.

To ensure that the ring does not cause discomfort, women who have reached menopause are advised to use a cream containing the hormone estrogen along with it. After being selected right size and optimal shape, the doctor teaches the woman to independently install and remove the ring. The schedule of control visits to the gynecologist is developed individually. Usually, an examination is first scheduled every week, then - if there are no complaints - once every six months.

The use of a uterine ring helps prevent organ prolapse due to pathologies such as uterine prolapse. We have studied the symptoms and treatment, about which you can find a wide variety of reviews. But it should be remembered that only surgical intervention can radically solve the problem.

Surgery

To date, many techniques have been developed to eliminate defects in the supporting structures of the uterus, and when choosing them, not only the stage of the disease, but also the age of the patient is taken into account. Most often, young women planning to have more children undergo fixation of the uterus to ligaments or fascia located in the pelvis. Another method (colporrhaphy) allows you to prevent prolapse of the vaginal walls by excision of “extra” tissue and suturing the legs of the perineal muscles. For women in case of complete organ prolapse, uterine removal is recommended. This method allows you to completely solve the problems that arise in the final stages of a pathology such as uterine prolapse. Symptoms and treatment, reviews at 65 years old differ from the characteristics of the disease at more at a young age, often treatment consists of complete removal organ through the vagina. In addition, during this operation the doctor has the opportunity to perform posterior or anterior vaginal plastic surgery or correct an intestinal hernia.

Uterine prolapse - symptoms and treatment. Gymnastics

Back in the forties of the last century, gynecologist A. Kegel developed gymnastics that made it possible to strengthen the muscles of the perineum. These exercises help regulate sexual functions, recover with various violations genitourinary system and contribute to the treatment of rectal pathologies. In addition, the complex perfectly helps to correct disorders that occur in the early stages of a pathology such as uterine prolapse (symptoms). And the treatment, reviews of the exercises are called quite effective; with regular implementation of the complex, it begins to quickly bear fruit. Also, these exercises serve as an excellent prevention of blood stagnation in the pelvis and inflammation of the reproductive system. To carry out such gymnastics, you need to perform several steps sequentially.

Tighten your muscles as if you want to interrupt the act of urination. Slowly count to three in this position and relax. Repeat 10 times.
Tighten and relax the same muscles 10 times as quickly as possible.
You need to push (as during childbirth or stool), and not only the perineal muscles will tense, but also some abdominal muscles, as well as the muscles of the anus. Also repeat 10 times.

The complex must be performed at least five times a day. Gradually, adding 5 repetitions of exercises weekly, increase the number of repetitions of each exercise to 30 times. This is not so difficult, because you can do them anywhere - sitting at your desk, at home on the couch or at the stove. Body position (sitting, standing or lying down) also does not affect their effectiveness. However, you need to remember that the result will only be noticeable after more specific time, especially with a disease such as cervical prolapse (symptoms). And it is important to carry out treatment with exercises at least five times a day constantly, without taking breaks. Otherwise, the effect of the exercises will be significantly reduced.

Uterine prolapse, symptoms, treatment with folk remedies

In the case of conservative treatment of prolapse, you need to be prepared for the fact that this process will take quite some time. long time. In addition, to achieve maximum results, you should not neglect traditional medicine. Of course, you can only count on herbal infusions and infusions are not worth it, but against the background of therapy and exercises prescribed by the gynecologist, their use will help to overcome the disease faster.

To prepare the decoction, you need to prepare 50 g of linden blossom and lemon balm or mint leaves, 70 g of white grass and 30 g of alder root. Pour a heaped tablespoon of the resulting mixture into one glass of boiling water. After the broth has cooled, take 0.5 cups three times. The duration of treatment is 21 days, then take a break for 14 days. The number of such courses is unlimited.
One part of astragalus root is poured with nine parts of vodka and left for 10 days. After this, the tincture is taken one teaspoon after meals in the morning and evening. This can be done either by dissolving it in a small volume of water or simply drinking it. The course is 30 days, then a fourteen-day break is taken, after which the course is repeated. Attention motorists - although the dose of alcohol in the tincture is minimal, you should not drive for at least 40 minutes after taking it.
You can combine the two decoctions. Please note that they are prepared separately, but for treatment to be effective they must be taken one after another with an interval of no more than 10 minutes. To prepare the first decoction, 30 g of plantain is poured into 500 ml of water and brought to a boil, then simmered over low heat for 20 minutes. After this, add 3-4 tbsp. spoons of honey and boil for another 10 minutes. Add a tablespoon of celery seeds to the cooled and strained broth and mix well. Take one glass three times a day. You need to wash it down with half a glass of decoction from the following herbs: burnet, calendula, St. John's wort, agrimony, bedstraw in equal parts. They are poured per tablespoon. herbal mixture liter of water, bring to a boil, cool, filter.

Thus, today it is quite possible to overcome a disease such as uterine prolapse. We tried to consider the symptoms and treatment, reviews, photos as much as possible. One conclusion can be drawn: recovery is a rather long process, but strict adherence to the doctor’s recommendations and patience will help restore the usual quality of life.