Atony of the urinary tract. Bladder atony: treatment, symptoms

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The regulation of the process of urination is carried out under strict control nervous system. Lots of nerve fibers connect the spinal cord with bladder. If this connection is broken, the walls of the organ lose their tone and ability to retain accumulated urine. The medical name for this pathology is "atony". Bladder". The disease, popularly known as urinary incontinence, gives a person the strongest discomfort - both physical and psychological.

Causes of the disease

Violated leads to the fact that the body is not able to control the process of accumulation and separation of urine. The muscular walls of the organ, which are normally able to strongly stretch and hold a large number of urine, lose their tone. The brain does not receive nerve impulses sent by the receptors of the walls, signaling their stretching as a result of filling the bladder with urine. The so-called urinary incontinence develops, its uncontrolled release drop by drop.

The causes of the disease should be sought among those factors that could affect the innervation of the organ (accordingly, treatment should be aimed at eliminating them):

various mechanical injuries of the spine, especially in the area of the sacrum, damage spinal cord, perineal injury;
surgical intervention;
dysfunction spinal roots as a result of certain diseases, for example, advanced syphilis;
drug effects on the nervous system (narcosis, psychotropic substances);
general intoxication of the body, poisoning or activity of pathogenic microbes;
long-term infectious (cystitis);
colds;
kidney stones or sand;
atony skeletal muscle and muscles internal organs how systemic disease (weak muscles cannot hold the spine and spinal cord, as a result, the innervation of the body is disturbed); this item can be infancy when the muscular frame has not yet strengthened;
diseases of the nervous system, exposure to stress factors;
diseases endocrine system, metabolic disorders, overweight;
untimely emptying of the bladder, its frequent overflow, leading to stretching of the muscle walls;
age factor;
a combination of factors (nervous, hormonal) in women during menopause.

These factors, alone or in combination, can cause acquired bladder atony. In addition, the disease may be congenital, due to genetic or embryonic pathologies development. Treatment in this case can be difficult and limited only by neutralizing the consequences of atony through the use of modern hygiene products.

The disease is most common in young children and the elderly, as well as in women who have recently given birth. These groups are united by one parameter: muscle weakness (all in general and specifically - the muscles of the pelvic organs).

Urinary incontinence after childbirth

Bladder atony often develops in women after childbirth (especially in the first year). it normal phenomenon due to a temporary weakening of the muscles of the bladder after an impressive load during pregnancy and delivery. Treatment is usually not required as the disease resolves on its own. This process can be accelerated special gymnastics that engages muscles pelvic floor(Kegel exercises). If incontinence does not disappear a few months after childbirth, poisoning the life of a young mother, you should contact medical specialist to find out its true cause.

Symptoms of atony of the bladder walls

The main sign of a decrease in the tone of the walls of the bladder is, of course, a loss of control over the excretion of urine. Urination occurs spontaneously, while there may be no urge to go to the toilet. The symptom usually occurs during violent laughter, coughing or sneezing, physical activity- when the muscles of the abdominal wall are sharply tense, putting pressure on the urea.

When trying to empty the bladder intentionally, the patient encounters difficulties. In order to begin urination, it is often necessary to strongly tighten the muscles of the abdomen and pelvis. The jet is weak, it is not possible to completely remove urine.

The pathology is not accompanied by pain, except for the possible heaviness in the lower abdomen with an overflowing bladder.

These symptoms allow you to confidently diagnose "bladder atony" and prescribe treatment.

How to beat the disease

Successful treatment of the disease is possible only after determining its true reason. A decrease in the tone of the walls of the bladder is sometimes just a symptom of another disease, much more serious, such as syphilis or a bacterial infection.

Very important correct diagnosis, including the following tests and procedures:

blood and urine for general analysis;
culture of urine culture media to determine the microflora;
and other organs of the pelvic cavity (prostate in men, uterus and ovaries in women);
conducting contrast urography;
computer or magnetic resonance imaging.

Atony of the walls of the bladder is one of those diseases in the fight against which everything depends on the patient. Treatment mainly consists in the conscious strengthening of the pelvic floor muscles and gaining control over the processes of urination.

Therapy includes:

physical therapy, Kegel exercises - directed development pelvic muscles by tension and relaxation;
physical education, which tones the skeletal muscles that support the spine with the spinal cord (swimming is especially effective);
a therapeutic diet that excludes foods that can irritate the bladder (spicy and spicy foods, citrus fruits, caffeine, alcohol);
drawing up and executing a schedule of urination, controlling the fullness of the bladder and its timely emptying (even if there is no urge to go to the toilet) - this avoids stretching the muscle walls of the organ; a behavioral reflex, a habit is formed;
DENS-therapy - the effect of neuroimpulse on biologically active zones body, leading to the stabilization of urinary processes, relieving spasms;
physiotherapy;
drug treatment- in this case, rather, supportive: antidepressants - calming the nervous system, calcium antagonists - helping to tone the muscles;
placement of a catheter if necessary special device- a pessary (introduced into the patient's vagina and provides pressure on the bladder).

If a conservative treatment does not bring results, an operation is shown in order to change wrong position organs of the urinary system.

Urinary incontinence: alternative methods of treatment

Traditional medicine and herbal medicine offer many treatments for atony bladder, some of which are really effective. They strengthen the body as a whole, successfully fight inflammation and latent infections, and have a beneficial effect on the nervous system.

Effective for urinary incontinence such folk remedies:

pumpkin seeds;
prickly pear roots;
sage;
Dill seeds;
club-shaped club moss and field horsetail;
shepherd's bag.

These herbal remedies are usually used in the form of strained decoctions.

The use of any drug must be agreed with the attending physician. Sometimes infusion medicinal herbs can cause serious side effects such as renal colic.

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Atony of the bladder is an uncontrolled emission of urine, which appears due to a strong stretching of the walls, a deterioration in muscle tone. There are many reasons for this. Excretion is normally vigilantly controlled by the nervous system, so damage to its connections is fraught with disorders. Most often, atony of the bladder affects children and women. old age which brings them serious psychological and physical inconvenience.

The body loses control over the urinary process due to failures in the nerve supply to the bladder. wall neurons in normal condition continuously send signals through the spinal canals, which is disturbed in the case of pathology. When the stretch becomes critical, urine comes out spontaneously. Urine can be excreted with any little exertion, in the supine position and during sex, after taking alcohol. A number of provoking factors are known:

complications during pregnancy and childbirth;
unfavorable heredity;
chronic infectious diseases of the urogenital area (cystitis);
radiation exposure, intoxication;
injuries of the lower segments of the spinal cord, damage to the perineum and sacrum;
herniated discs and neoplasms that impede nerve conduction;
failure of the endocrine system (lack of estrogen);
muscle atony in a systemic form, contributing to the violation of innervation, neurological problems;
prostate diseases;
complications after surgical intervention;
the influence of certain medications;
stressful situations (single provocation), malfunctions of the psyche;
frequent filling and unnatural emptying of the bladder;
stones and sand in the kidneys;
colds;
excess weight;
syphilis;
old age.

Urinary incontinence after childbirth

A change in the position of the pelvic organs relative to each other, a disorder of the pelvic floor muscles due to an increased load on them during pregnancy and during the passage of the fetus - causal factors urinary incontinence. During childbirth, violations of innervation and blood supply are possible, especially if the delivery is not the first time and is accompanied by injuries, when the child is large enough or not single. As a result, abnormal mobility of the urethra and bladder, dysfunction of the sphincters can occur.

Approximately 25% of women experience urinary incontinence from one month to a year after giving birth. The atonic state is within the normal range and does not require treatment (however, special gymnastics is recommended).

Characteristic symptoms

Violations in the urinary system allow involuntary discharge, the volume of which is directly related to muscle tone (urine may ooze drops or leak). There may be a feeling of a foreign object in the vagina, a feeling of incompleteness of the emptying process. Negative changes are accompanied next states:

there is no urge (usually urination occurs due to temporary tension abdominal walls: laughter, sneezing, coughing, etc.);
intentional emptying causes difficulties, there is a need for effort, there is discontinuity and weakness of the jet;
complete excretion of urine is not possible, it is constantly delayed (remains in the region of 300 ml, while in healthy person- less than 50 ml of urine);
it is possible that heaviness occurs when the bladder is overfilled (atony is usually not characterized by pain).

Video about urinary incontinence:

Diagnostics

Success medical measures depends on timely detection the true cause and extent of the pathology. Sometimes the deterioration of the functioning of the bladder is part of the symptoms of a more severe disease. Therefore, all methods are important for making a diagnosis:

blood and urine tests;
Ultrasound of the bladder and neighboring organs;
survey narrow specialists and urologist;
assessment of the state of the prostate (for men);
contrast urography;
cystoscopy (relief detection) and cystometry (determination of volume, elasticity and sensitivity), giving information about the urea;
assessment of microflora to detect infection;
electromyography to determine the bioelectrical dynamics of muscle tissues;
CT and MRI;
urofluometry to measure the flow rate of excreted urine and its volume.

Treatment with drugs

With atony of the bladder are prescribed medications from different groups:

antidepressants;
calcium antagonists;
myotropic drugs;
anticholinergic compounds.

Only a doctor can choose medicines, taking into account the causes that caused the pathology.

If urinary atony is provoked by an operation, Prozerin is used for prevention in injections.

Folk methods

For bladder atony, the main treatment can be made more effective by the use of potions. Of course, you should not rule out consulting a doctor about this, because herbs give strong side effects.

The following recipes contribute to the acceleration of treatment:

Dill seeds. For a glass of boiling water - one tablespoon, the product is infused for 3 hours, filtered and drunk at a time.
Sage. 40 g of raw materials are placed in a liter of boiling water, the medicine is infused for 2 hours and consumed 3 times a day for half a glass.
Collection of birch leaves, hazel bark, crushed roots of eryngium, burdock and licorice. To prepare the infusion, you need equal proportions of each component. In a preheated thermos, put 3 tablespoons of the collection and brew with a liter of boiling water. Infusion is made for about 2 hours, after which the broth is filtered and taken before meals during the day, 100-150 ml each.
Field horsetail. Atony can be treated with local baths using healing infusions. For a decoction, you will need 150 g of the dry mass of the plant, 2 liters of water for 30 minutes of cooking on minimum heat. Then filtration is performed, and the infusion is added to the bath (it can also be used for compresses).

Gymnastics

With atonic incontinence, attention should be paid physiotherapy exercises. Doctors usually recommend Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic muscles.

Forecast and prevention

Congenital atony (including as a genetic pathology) is quite a rare event almost untreatable. In such a situation, the patient is recommended a stable emptying schedule, drug treatment and the use of diapers.

The acquired disease is successfully cured if all recommendations are followed, but in advanced cases, surgical intervention becomes necessary.

Important for prevention timely therapy inflammation, preventive measures in relation to traumatic situations. It is not recommended to self-medicate, excessive stretching of the walls of the bladder can result in a deterioration in well-being.

Bladder atony - weakening of the walls of the organ.

At nerve fiber damage, connecting the bladder and the spinal cord, due to a violation of the transmission of impulses about the stretching of the walls, contractions of the urinary organ do not occur. As a result, the patient does not control urination.

There is a clear overflow, during which urine drops out of the urethra in droplets. This disorder is called urinary incontinence due to bladder overflow.

If you carry out periodic emptying of the urinary organ, preventing its overstretching by means of a catheter, the urination reflex increases over time, up to absolute recovery.

Why does disease occur?

Reasons for the violation:

childbirth;
Received stress;
Cystitis;
perineal injury;
Hormonal failures;
Excess weight;
Compressive fibrosis;
Diseases of the nervous system;
Severe damage to the sacrum;
prostate problems;
Atony often appears in older women and women in the menopausal period.

What signs are signs of illness?

The main symptom of atony of the bladder is urinary incontinence. Incontinence occurs mainly in

tension in the abdominal muscles.

Depending on the severity of the violation of the tone, urine may “leak” insignificantly or stand out in solid quantities.

The urge to urinate with atony, it may not be at all, or it may manifest itself only as heaviness in the lower abdomen.

There is also a sharp appearance of urges, so unexpected that a person simply does not have time to reach the restroom.

characteristic a sign of atony in women is also a violation of the process of urination:

The beginning is delayed, you need to strain hard;
Urine flows out in a small stream, the stream increases with pressure on the lower abdomen;
There is a feeling of an incompletely empty bladder.

Fundamentals of treatment of atony of the bladder

The treatment regimen is determined according to the severity of the disorder, the amount of incontinence, age, comorbidities etc.

The following methods of treatment of the violation are practiced:

Strengthening gymnastics (Kegel exercises)- exercises aimed at developing the muscles of the pelvis.
Diet limiting those foods that irritate the bladder: alcohol and dairy products, coffee and chocolate, citrus fruits, tomatoes, spices.
Behavioral treatment, the essence of which is the emptying of the urinary organ according to a schedule drawn up in advance.
Drug treatment. Antidepressants, calcium antagonists, anticholinergics, or combinations thereof are prescribed for atony.
Symptomatic treatment produced by means of a medical device - a pessary, which, if necessary, is inserted into the vagina to provide additional pressure.
Physiotherapy to stimulate the urinary tract.
If a non-surgical treatment does not give a bubble desired effect, required surgical intervention. The procedure is simple, its purpose is to correct the situation excretory organs.
Treatment folk methods.

With atony of the bladder, many gynecologists advise performing Kegel exercises to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor regularly for treatment and prevention.

One of the complications of atony of the bladder may be a cystocele. Details and symptoms and treatment of this disease can be found here.

There are a lot of folk remedies for incontinence.

Herbal treatment should be selected individually.

The principle should be: do no harm. It is clear that our doctors are far from always happy to see us, and even more so they are in no hurry to advise. However, choosing folk remedy Worth re-applying

to the doctor and discuss whether this or that remedy can be used in your situation.

The bottom line is that plants also have contraindications. Of course, they are few, but still.

One of the most available funds sage. You should take 40 g of dry grass, pour 1 liter of boiling water and leave for 2 hours. It is necessary to drink this composition with enuresis, 100-200 ml three times a day.

Great fit Dill seeds: 1 tbsp. l. seeds are brewed with 200 ml of water and left for 3 hours, while wrapping. Then the resulting broth is filtered. The entire amount of funds must be drunk at a time. And do this every day until the cure. Folk healers claim that this can cure urinary incontinence at any age.

Bladder atony after childbirth

Postpartum distress occurs in many new mothers, but only a small proportion of them report their problem to the doctor.

Don't worry too much: often postpartum illness temporary property and for the most part disappears by itself some time after the birth of the crumbs.

Treatment of a postpartum disorder is generally not required, the only thing that will help a woman return the urinary organ to normal is special gymnastics, the essence of which is the tension and relaxation of the pelvic muscles.

If for several months the problem persistently interferes with life, it is worth visiting a gynecologist to determine the cause of urinary incontinence and select the necessary treatment.

It may be necessary to neutralize atony electrical stimulation or low-traumatic surgery.

In the fight against the disease, the main thing is to find out the cause of the violation. If the problem that caused atony is curable, the prognosis is positive.

For other problems, when the provocative cause is incurable, you can apply modern facilities hygiene, to partially neutralize the effects of bladder atony.

For prevention it is necessary to take preventive measures to diseases that can become the root cause.

For women, for example, To follow the rules intimate hygiene , avoid hypothermia and infections.

Video: The structure and functions of the bladder

To understand the features of the disease, you need to know how the human bladder works. This information will help you weigh the severity of the problem.

Bladder atony is a pathological weakening of the walls of the organ. Urinary incontinence - main feature the presence of a disease can be caused by a number of reasons and many factors. uncontrolled urination gives the patient both moral and physical discomfort. However, despite the accompanying painful symptoms, this disorder is treatable. The main thing is a timely appeal to a specialist.

The process of urination is regulated by the central nervous system. The bladder is connected to the spinal cord by many nerve fibers. Violation of this connection leads to a loss of tone and the ability to retain urine.

People suffering from atony of the bladder can be divided into 2 groups:

Patients who urinate without urging. The most susceptible to this disease are young patients.
Patients in whom the muscles of the bladder exert excessive pressure, as a result of which the person is unable to contain the discharge. Most often, this group includes those suffering from inflammation of the bladder.

Risk group

Bladder atony is a pathology that occurs more often in women than in men. In representatives of the strong half of humanity, incontinence disorder is a consequence of prostate adenoma.

Most susceptible to development of atony following groups patients:

women suffering from inflammation of the bladder (cystitis);
having an adenoma prostate men;
women giving birth;
people who have experienced disorders of the nervous system;
patients who have undergone surgery that affected the organs of the genitourinary system;
people whose spine has been injured.

Atony after childbirth

Often, after the birth of a child, the woman's bladder loses its normal functionality. This results in urinary incontinence.

Childbirth passing naturally, - most common cause postpartum atony. It occurs due to overstretching of the muscle and ligamentous apparatus. Prolonged labor and a large baby increase the risk of muscle overstretching. As a result of the loss of elasticity of the pelvic floor muscles, the pressure on the urethra and bladder.

For many women, the lack of normal bladder tone becomes a real disaster, which is actually solved quite simply. Regular Kegel exercises and the use of sanitary pads will help you avoid daily discomfort.

When coughing or laughing, a woman giving birth may have a few drops of urine due to the fact that the bladder has lost the ability to completely close.

Postpartum atony is observed in 25% of women, but this disorder is most often of a short-term nature and resolves without any treatment after 2 or 3 weeks. Pathology that does not go away within a few months - good reason to see a gynecologist. specialist examination and necessary tests help to identify the cause of urination disorders.

Is atony possible in childhood

Atony of the bladder in children is possible if there is damage to the central nervous system.

In babies under 2 years of age, the process of urination is regulated nerve centers sacral department spinal cord and occurs reflexively

If such a process of emptying is observed in an older child, we are talking about urinary incontinence. In this case, automatic emptying occurs, and a small amount of urine remains in the bladder.

Why disease occurs

Among the causes of atony are:

lack of normal skeletal muscle tone, leading to impaired innervation of the body;
stressful situations;
infectious disease of the bladder;
excess body weight;
advanced age;
hormonal imbalance;
degenerative pathologies of the spine;
injuries of the sacral spinal cord;
lack of normal tone of internal organs, for example, intestines;
disorders of the influence of the central nervous system on the contraction of muscle fibers;
taking psychotropic substances that affect the nervous system;
the formation of sand and kidney stones;
prostate adenoma;
menopause;
difficult childbirth;
damage to the posterior roots of the spinal cord.

Symptoms

main symptom pathological change in the bladder is considered urinary incontinence. The amount of discharge directly depends on the degree of violation of the muscle tone of the bladder. Most often, incontinence occurs during any physical activity and tension of the abdominal muscles (fast walking, sneezing and coughing).

The process of urination with atony may be accompanied by unpleasant symptoms, among which are noted:

delay in the start of urine excretion (the patient has to strongly strain the stomach in order for the process to begin);
too weak urine stream, which can be increased by pressing on lower part abdomen
lack of feeling complete emptying bubble.

With this disease, there may be no urge to urinate at all, and in other cases, patients describe the urge as heaviness in the lower abdomen. It happens that the signal to urinate occurs so abruptly that a person does not have time to reach the restroom.

Establishing diagnosis

You can not ignore the first signs that signal the pathology of the bladder. When they appear, it is necessary to contact a urologist for clarification of the diagnosis and the appointment of an adequate treatment complex.

Examinations to diagnose a developing disease:

clinical analysis of blood and urine;
ultrasound examination of the bladder and other organs of the genitourinary system;
medical examination narrow specialization(surgeon, gynecologist, neuropathologist);
conducting contrast urography;
determination of microflora;
magnetic resonance and computed tomography.

Treatment

The treatment course is selected by a specialist, taking into account the severity of the pathology and all the characteristics of the patient's body. When choosing methods of treatment, the doctor should pay attention to the existing chronic and acute diseases. Treatment of atony of the bladder is a complex that includes:

strengthening Kegel exercises designed to develop and strengthen the muscles of the small pelvis;
medication prescribed by a specialist. Doctors usually prescribe appropriate anticholinergics, antidepressants, calcium antagonists, prostaglandins E, and other necessary medications;
a diet that excludes foods that irritate the bladder. It is recommended to limit alcohol-containing drinks, caffeine, chocolate, dairy products. The water used must be distilled and free of gases;
elimination of the main symptom - urinary incontinence. Produced using a pessary - a device that is inserted into the vagina to provide additional pressure;
emptying the bladder according to a schedule drawn up in advance;
traditional medicine recipes;
bladder stimulating physiotherapy procedures;
use of a catheter (if necessary);
surgical intervention necessary to correct the pathology of the excretory organs.

Physical exercises that strengthen skeletal muscles (for proper maintenance spine)

Medicines and therapeutic methods must be selected by a qualified physician. Consequence self-treatment may become more serious problems with health.

Traditional medicine recipes

Conservative therapy for urination disorders may be accompanied by alternative methods of treatment. Do not forget that herbal medicine must be agreed with the attending physician. Self-selected folk methods may exacerbate the situation.

Recipes to help speed up the process of treating pathology:

In the treatment of the disease, a collection consisting of leaves of warty birch, common hazel bark, eryngium roots, burdock and licorice has proven itself well. To prepare the infusion, you need to take an equal part of each plant, grind and mix. In a preheated thermos place 3 tbsp. spoons of dry collection, and then pour 1 liter of boiling water. The mixture is infused for about 2 hours, then filtered. The broth is drunk before meals several times a day (3-4 times), 100 or 150 ml.
Atony therapy includes taking baths with the addition of healing infusions. It is recommended to do not a general, but a local bath. For example, with the addition of a decoction of herbs horsetail. To prepare the infusion, you need to take 150 g of the dried plant, pour 2 liters into the same container cold water and then cook on low heat for 30 minutes. Before adding to the bath, the horsetail decoction should be filtered. The drug is also used for wraps and compresses.
To prepare the mixture, you need to take ½ kg of flowers and 5 liters of cold water. Both components are added to the pan and put on fire. The mixture must be boiled (with the lid closed) for 20 minutes. The strained broth is poured into hot bath and stir. It is not necessary to lie in such a bath, just sit and relax. The flower decoction has a calming effect and improves the muscles of the bladder.

Warm bath with wildflowers - good remedy for elimination unpleasant symptoms atony due to nervous tension

Forecast

The lack of normal bladder tone may be a congenital problem that has appeared due to genetic pathology or disorders that have arisen during the stage embryonic development. In this case, atony is almost untreatable. Discomfort in such a situation is eliminated with the help of hygiene products.

Acquired after childbirth or as a result of a combination of provoking factors, atony can be successfully treated.

Summary

Prevention of atony of the bladder are preventive measures to eliminate the root causes of diseases. Women should observe hygiene, avoid hypothermia and infections. Despite a favorable prognosis, it is not recommended to restore the normal tone of the bladder on its own. A timely visit to the doctor will help to choose the right course of therapy and prevent possible complications.

The bladder is the reservoir in which urine is collected. It is able to hold about 750 ml of liquid. At normal functioning body, a person feels the urge to urinate when there is about 200 ml of urine in the bladder.
Like all other organs, the bladder has its own network of nerve plexuses.

After it is filled with urine, impulses are formed that enter the central nervous system, which, in turn, give feedback signals, after which the sphincters of the organ open and the act of urination occurs.

Bladder atony - what is it? This is a condition that occurs most often after overstretching of the organ. The main symptom is involuntary urination. The patient loses the ability to control the process of urination. The pathogenesis lies in the fact that there is a disconnection between the innervation of the organ and the central nervous system. As a result, the sphincters of the bladder lose the ability to adequately respond to the impulses sent.

Urine can fill up to critical level, after which it is separated.

There are a large number of reasons for the development of atony of the bladder.

Pathology most often develops against the background of other pathological conditions.

They can appear in acute or chronic form.

For overdistension of the bladder to occur, a strong trigger factor which leads to violation normal operation urinary tract.

One of common factors affecting the occurrence of pathology is a strong emotional shock.

In addition to the reasons triggering pathological process include the following factors:

prostatic hyperplasia in men;
inflammatory diseases of the bladder;
infectious lesions of the kidneys;
injuries of the spinal cord and pelvic organs;
demyelinating diseases ( multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis);
infectious and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (poliomyelitis, encephalitis, myelitis);
diabetic polyneuropathy;
tuberculosis of the spinal cord;
neoplasms in the central nervous system;
root damage;
complete rupture of the spinal cord;
surgical interventions on the pelvic organs;
pathological childbirth;
congenital malformations of the urinary tract and nervous system;
decreased muscle tone of the bladder in old age;
complications of gynecological manipulations;

Women are more prone to development given state. This is due to a complicated obstetric history, which leads to disruption of the work of many organs. The first sign of the development of atony is prolonged absence urination in postpartum period. During the examination and palpation, a tense bladder is determined, several bloated belly. At the same time, there is no urge to urinate.

Most often, these complications are associated with:

Multiple pregnancy.
Sluggish labor activity.
Incorrect caesarean section technique.
The imposition of obstetric forceps.

Also, such a complication can occur when using a vacuum extractor when extracting the fetus.

Video: Bladder injury

Associated symptoms and diagnosis of the disease

Apart from involuntary act urination, it pathological condition leads to the development of other symptoms.

It is important in differential diagnosis disease and correct diagnosis.

Attention should be paid to special manifestations.

If the cause was diseases of the nervous system, disorders in the form of paralysis, paresis are most often manifested. various parts body. They can also be combined with disorders in the sensitive area.

When the spinal cord is traumatized (rupture, crushing, compression, hemorrhage), the innervation of all underlying organs is disturbed, for example, an arbitrary act of defecation may appear.

Neoplasms entail changes in blood tests (anemia), general cachexia, weakness, disruption of the nervous system.

With prostate adenoma, there is a delay in urination, interruption of the jet during the act of emptying, a feeling of overcrowding of the bladder.

Can happen involuntary urination during coughing, emotional overstrain.

The patient feels discomfort, pain in the abdomen, which radiates to the lower back, perineum, legs.

An increase in body temperature is possible due to the addition of an infection.

In order to correctly prescribe therapy, it is necessary to carry out a complex diagnostic measures. They will allow you to determine the cause that led to the development of atony of the bladder.

ultrasound examination of the urinary organs;
computer diagnostics;
retrograde urography;
magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal column;
x-ray examination with contrast;
general urine analysis;
clinical blood test;
neoplasm biopsy.

Also, due to the fact that the diseases that led to the development of this condition may concern various systems consultation of such experts is necessary:

Surgeon.
Oncologist.
Gynecologist.
Neurologist.

Treatment and prevention of bladder atony

To eliminate this disease, it is necessary to resort to a complex medical procedures aimed at the cause of the condition and act directly on the organ.

First of all, you should avoid overfilling the bladder, as this aggravates the situation. For this purpose, a urethral catheter is installed in the patient.

A catheter is a device in the form of a rubber tube that is inserted through the urethra along the urinary tract into the bladder.

The catheter for the duration of stay in the body is divided into:

temporary;
constant.

Due to the fact that the pathology is not resolved at once, it is rational to use a catheter that is installed for 3-5 days. This will avoid unnecessary traumatization of organs and will avoid further stretching bubble. Catheters are also made from various materials, such as:

Silicone.
Latex.
Polyvinyl chloride.
Brass.

Metal fixtures are not suitable for long-term use and significantly injure the walls of the urinary tract. Internal walls the catheter is coated with silicone, which avoids the development allergic reactions on the foreign body and reduces the accumulation of salts on the device excreted in the urine.

The silver coating has an anti-inflammatory effect and allows you to use the tool for a long time.

The most functional in this situation is the Foley catheter.

With its help, you can not only carry out the excretion of urine, but also cleanse the bladder of pathological impurities.

From medical treatment positive effect provide potassium supplements.

They improve passing nerve impulses. Raise muscle tone Bladder.

Also, such groups are appointed medicines like blockers calcium channels(Verapamil) and anticholinesterase drugs (Prozerin).

In addition, it is important for the patient to re-develop the urge to urinate reflex. To do this, you need to go to the toilet according to the scheme - after a certain amount of time (1.5 - 2 hours). This will prevent overfilling of the bladder and involuntary urination.

If medical treatment fails, it is advisable to consider surgery or organ transplantation.

To prevent the disease from occurring, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

Doing healthy lifestyle life: quitting smoking and alcohol abuse.
Sports
Timely treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract.
Periodic preventive examinations to rule out neoplasms.
Timely registration during pregnancy.
Comprehensive treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes, arterial hypertension.
Body weight control.
Timely application for medical care at the first signs of the disease.

Also, if there are indications, do not delay the surgical intervention for prostatic hyperplasia.

Video: Caring for your pubic catheter