Nonspecific ulcerative colitis of the intestine symptoms treatment. Colitis - what is it? Ulcerative colitis: symptoms, treatment

- This is a diffuse ulcerative-inflammatory lesion of the mucous membrane of the large intestine, accompanied by the development of severe local and systemic complications. The clinic of the disease is characterized by cramping abdominal pain, diarrhea mixed with blood, intestinal bleeding, extraintestinal manifestations. Ulcerative colitis is diagnosed based on the results of colonoscopy, barium enema, CT, and endoscopic biopsy. Treatment can be conservative (diet, physiotherapy, medications) and surgical (resection of the affected area of the colon).

Complications

A fairly common and serious complication of non-specific ulcerative colitis is toxic megacolon - an expansion of the colon as a result of paralysis of the muscles of the intestinal wall in the affected area. With toxic megacolon, intense pain and bloating in the abdomen, fever, and weakness are noted.

In addition, ulcerative colitis can be complicated by massive intestinal bleeding, intestinal rupture, narrowing of the colon, dehydration due to large fluid loss with diarrhea, and colon cancer.

Diagnostics

Main diagnostic method that reveals nonspecific ulcerative colitis is colonoscopy, which allows you to examine in detail the lumen of the large intestine and its inner walls. Irrigoscopy and X-ray examination with barium can detect ulcerative wall defects, changes in the size of the intestine (megacolon), impaired peristalsis, narrowing of the lumen. An effective method for visualizing the intestine is computed tomography.

In addition, they produce a coprogram, a test for occult blood, bacteriological culture. A blood test for ulcerative colitis shows a picture nonspecific inflammation. Biochemical indicators can signal the presence of concomitant pathologies, digestive disorders, functional disorders in the functioning of organs and systems. During a colonoscopy, a biopsy of the altered portion of the colon wall is usually performed for histological examination.

Treatment of UC

Since the causes of non-specific ulcerative colitis are not fully understood, the objectives of therapy this disease is a decrease in the intensity of the inflammatory process, subsidence clinical symptoms and prevention of exacerbations and complications. With timely proper treatment and strict adherence to the recommendations of a proctologist, it is possible to achieve stable remission and improve the patient's quality of life.

Ulcerative colitis is treated with therapeutic and surgical methods depending on the course of the disease and the condition of the patient. One of the important elements of symptomatic therapy of nonspecific ulcerative colitis is diet food.

At severe course diseases in the midst of clinical manifestations, the proctologist may recommend complete failure from food intake, limited to drinking water. Most often, patients with exacerbation lose their appetite and endure the ban quite easily. If necessary, parenteral nutrition is prescribed. Sometimes patients are transferred to parenteral nutrition in order to more quickly alleviate the condition with severe colitis. Eating is resumed immediately after the appetite is restored.

Dietary recommendations for ulcerative colitis are aimed at stopping diarrhea and reducing irritation of food components to the intestinal mucosa. Foods containing dietary fiber, cellulose, spicy, sour dishes, alcoholic drinks, coarse food. In addition, patients suffering from chronic inflammation of the intestines are recommended to increase the protein content in the diet (at the rate of 1.5-2 grams per kilogram of body per day).

Drug therapy for ulcerative colitis includes anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants (azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclosporine, mercaptopurine) and anticytokines (infliximab). In addition, appointed symptomatic remedies: antidiarrheal, painkillers, iron preparations with signs of anemia.

As anti-inflammatory drugs in this pathology, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used - derivatives of 5-aminosalicylic acid (sulfasalazine, mesalazine) and corticosteroids. hormonal preparations. Corticosteroid drugs are used during a period of severe exacerbation in the case of severe and moderate course (or with the ineffectiveness of 5-aminosalicylates) and are not prescribed for more than a few months. (free end connections ileum With anal canal) is the most common surgical technique for treating ulcerative colitis. In some cases, a section of the affected intestine, limited within healthy tissues, is removed (segmental resection).

Forecast and prevention

Prevention of non-specific ulcerative colitis this moment no, because the causes of this disease are not completely clear. Preventive measures the occurrence of relapses of exacerbation is compliance with the doctor's prescriptions for lifestyle (nutrition recommendations similar to those for Crohn's disease, a decrease in the number stressful situations and physical overstrain, psychotherapy) and regular dispensary observation. A good effect in terms of stabilizing the condition gives sanatorium treatment.

With a mild course without complications, the prognosis is favorable. About 80% of patients taking 5-acetylsalicylates as maintenance therapy do not report relapses and complications of the disease throughout the year. Patients usually have relapses once every five years, in 4% of exacerbations there are no exacerbations for 15 years. Surgical treatment is resorted to in 20% of cases. Probability of development malignant tumor in patients with UC fluctuates between 3-10% of cases.

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract of a relapsing nature, in which the mucous membrane of the large intestine becomes inflamed, on which ulcers and necrosis are formed.

Clinically, ulcerative colitis is manifested by bloody diarrhea, arthritis, weight loss, general weakness, abdominal pain, and this disease increases the risk of colorectal cancer. We will tell you more about ulcerative colitis of the intestine - symptoms and treatment of the disease in this article.

Causes of ulcerative colitis

The etiology of the disease is considered to be not fully elucidated, scientists are still intensively searching for the true causes of nonspecific ulcerative colitis. However, the main risk factors for this disease are known, which include:

American experts conducted a large-scale study and found that fungi in the human intestine are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), reports the Los Angeles Times. Experiments conducted on rodents allowed scientists to prove the connection between more than 100 species of various fungi in their intestines and ulcerative colitis of the intestine.

The presence of fungi in the body of mammals activates the production of dectin-1 protein by leukocytes. In the case when the body could not produce it in mice, the mice become more susceptible to the development of ulcerative colitis than their healthy counterparts. Moreover, the application antifungal drugs helps to mitigate the course of this disease in rodents.

In humans, dectin-1 is encoded by the CLEC7A gene, based on these studies, it turned out that in the presence of a mutant form of this gene, the patient developed ulcerative colitis that was not amenable to traditional ways treatment (diet, NSAIDs, corticosteroids). Mutations in the CLEC7A gene contribute to a more severe form of colitis, since this gene is associated with other factors that affect inflammation, and antifungal treatment in this case improves the patient's condition.

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis

There are main symptoms of ulcerative colitis associated with the gastrointestinal tract ( intestinal manifestations) and extraintestinal symptoms.

The main intestinal symptoms of NUC are:

Diarrhea with blood

Diarrhea with blood and mucus (and sometimes even pus) is the main diagnostic sign of the disease. Sometimes the release of blood, mucus and pus occurs spontaneously (not during a bowel movement). The frequency of bowel movements in patients with UC is different - from several times a day to 15-20 times (severe cases). The frequency of the stool increases in the morning and at night.

Pain in the projection of the abdomen

Pain can also have varying degrees of intensity - from mild to sharp, pronounced, accompanied by extreme discomfort. Most often, pain is localized in the left side of the abdomen. Severe abdominal pain, which is not relieved by taking analgesics, is a sign of the onset of complications of the disease.

Temperature rise to subfebrile indicators.
Other signs of intoxication of the body: weakness, weight loss, poor appetite, frequent dizziness.
False urge to defecate (tenesmus). Sometimes the patient may have only a fragment of mucus or mucus with pus instead of feces (a symptom of "rectal spitting").
Bloating ().
Possibly fecal incontinence.
Sometimes the patient has constipation instead of diarrhea, which is a sign of severe inflammation of the colon mucosa.
The likelihood of rapid (fulminant, fulminant) development of ulcerative colitis.

This form develops in just a few days, its manifestation is toxic megacolon (expansion or dilatation of the lumen of the large intestine). At the same time, the patient's temperature rises sharply, reaching over 38 ° C. The patient is weak, adynamic, rapidly losing weight, he has abdominal pain, frequent loose stools with abundant impurities of mucus, blood and pus appear, abdominal pain appears. In the terminal stage of UC, tachycardia occurs, arterial pressure oliguria appears. The patient has bloating and tenderness of the abdomen, bowel sounds are not heard. In the blood, neutrophilic leukocytosis is noted, an enlarged large intestine (its diameter exceeds 6 cm) is visible on the x-ray. Dilatation of the large intestine is due to an increase in the content of nitric oxide, which increases the contractile function of the smooth muscles of the intestine. Excessive expansion of the large intestine is dangerous by perforation of its wall (rupture).

Extraintestinal manifestations of UC

They occur infrequently - only in 10 - 20% of patients. These include:

Skin lesions in the form of erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum, which is associated with the presence in the blood of an increased concentration of bacterial antigens, immune complexes, cryoproteins.
Symptoms of damage to the oropharynx. Occur in 10% of patients. They are associated with the appearance of aphthae - specific rashes on the oral mucosa, the number of which decreases as the disease goes into remission.
Eye damage (they occur even less often - only in 5 - 8% of cases), they manifest themselves: uveitis, episcleritis, conjunctivitis, retrobulbar neuritis, keratitis, choroiditis.
Articular lesions. Inflammatory processes in the joints are in the nature of arthritis (the most common), sacroiliitis, spondylitis. These lesions may be combined with intestinal pathology or precede the main symptoms of ulcerative colitis.
Pathology skeletal system in the form of: osteoporosis (increased bone fragility), osteomalacia (softening of the bones), aseptic and ischemic necrosis.
Defeat pulmonary system(occurs in 35% of patients with UC).
Damage to the pancreas, liver and biliary tract. These changes are due to violations in the work endocrine system.
The rarest outside intestinal symptoms ulcerative colitis of the intestine are:, and glomerulonephritis.

Ulcerative colitis has an acute phase and a remission phase. The disease begins gradually at first, but quickly gains momentum when the signs of ulcerative colitis become more pronounced.

Sometimes the symptomatology weakens, but then again intensifies. At permanent treatment the disease acquires the character of recurrent chronic ulcerative colitis, the symptoms of which weaken with prolonged remission. The frequency of relapses in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis most often does not depend on the degree of intestinal damage, but on maintenance treatment (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibacterial, antiviral agents).

During the acute phase of the disease, the large intestine looks like this: hyperemia and swelling of its mucosa occur, intestinal bleeding and ulcers appear. The process of remission, on the contrary, is accompanied by atrophic changes in the mucous membrane - it becomes thinner, its function is disturbed, and lymphatic infiltrates appear.

Diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis is carried out by a specialist therapeutic profile or gastroenterologist. Suspicion of the disease causes a set of corresponding symptoms:

diarrhea with impurities of blood, mucus and pus
abdominal pain; arthritis
eye disorders against the background of general intoxication of the body

Laboratory diagnostics.

IN general analysis blood in a patient with ulcerative colitis anemia is noted (the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin decreases), there is leukocytosis. In the blood test for biochemistry, there is an increase in the content of C in the blood - a reactive protein, which is an indicator of the presence of inflammation in the human body. In addition, the concentration of albumins, magnesium, calcium decreases, the amount of gamaglobulins increases, which is associated with the active production of antibodies.
In the immunological analysis of blood in most patients, an increase in the concentration of cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies (they appear due to an abnormal immune response) is noted.
In the analysis of the feces of a patient with ulcerative colitis, blood, pus and mucus are noted. Pathogenic microflora is sown in the feces.

Instrumental diagnostics of UC.

Endoscopy (rectosigmoidoscopy, reveals in the patient a complex of symptoms characteristic of the disease:

edema and hyperemia, granular nature of the mucous membrane
pseudopolyps
contact bleeding
the presence of pus, blood and mucus in the intestinal lumen
in the phase of remission marked atrophy of the mucous membrane of the large intestine.

("vidiopiluli") in the near future, it will be carried out for those patients who, due to the pain of the procedure and discomfort, refuse to undergo a colonoscopy. However, capsule endoscopy will not replace conventional endoscopic examination, as the image quality is inferior to direct imaging. The approximate cost of such a capsule will be about $ 500.

X-ray examination is also an effective method for diagnosing ulcerative colitis. In this case, a barium mixture is used as a contrast. On x-ray in a patient with UC, there is a noticeable expansion of the intestinal lumen, the presence of polyps, ulcers, shortening of the intestine. This type screening to prevent bowel perforation.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

There is no etiologic treatment that can address the cause of ulcerative colitis. Treatment of the disease is symptomatic, it is aimed at: eliminating the process of inflammation, maintaining remission and preventing the occurrence of complications. If drug therapy does not work, the patient is shown surgical treatment.

Among the conservative methods of treatment of NUC are:

Diet therapy. During periods of exacerbation, the patient is advised to refrain from eating. You can only drink water. During the period of remission, the patient is recommended to reduce the amount of fat in the diet and increase the protein content (low-fat fish and meat, cottage cheese, eggs). It is recommended to abandon coarse fibrous fiber, which can injure the delicate intestinal mucosa. As consumed carbohydrates are recommended: cereals, honey, kissels, jelly, berry and fruit compotes and decoctions. The patient is recommended to take vitamins: A, K, C, as well as calcium. In severe cases, artificial nutrition is recommended - parenteral and enteral.

NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) salofalk, mesalazine, sulfasalazine and corticosteroids - prednisolone, metiprednisolone. The dosage of drugs is selected by the doctor on an individual basis.

Antibiotics. With an exacerbation of the disease, antibiotics are also recommended: ciprofloxacin, tsifran, ceftriaxone, thienam.

Surgical intervention

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis is indicated for patients who are not helped by conservative methods. Indications for surgery for ulcerative colitis are:

perforation (perforation of the intestinal wall);
signs of intestinal obstruction;
abscess;
the presence of toxic megacolon;
profuse bleeding;
fistulas;
bowel cancer.

The main types of surgical intervention are:

Colectomy (excision colon).
Proctocolectomy (removal of the rectum and colon) with preservation anus.
Proctocolectomy followed by ileostomy. In this case, the rectum and colon are excised, after which an ileostomy (permanent or temporary) is applied, through which the removal of natural waste from the human body is carried out. Subsequently, the patient is given reconstructive surgery, the ileostomy is removed and restored natural way defecation.

Chronic inflammatory disease of the colon, characterized by ulcerative-destructive changes in its mucosa. The prevalence is 60-220 cases per 100,000 people.

Everyone is susceptible to disease age groups, but the predominant number of cases falls within 25 years. Men and women get sick with equal frequency. The causes of ulcerative colitis are still unknown.

An autoimmune lesion of the tissues of the walls of the large intestine is assumed. This hypothesis is based on the fact that most often ulcerative nonspecific colitis associated with others autoimmune diseases (systemic vasculitis, systemic lesions connective tissue, autoimmune thyroiditis, etc.).

Colitis

Colitis is an inflammatory-dystrophic lesion of the colon. Acute colitis is most often caused by pathogenic microorganisms (dysenteric bacteria, salmonella, staphylococci, streptococci, proteus, amoebae, balantidia, and others), resulting from the action of allergic factors, food and other allergens, some medications, with alimentary disorders, infectious and viral diseases(for example, with influenza, malaria, pneumonia, sepsis, and others).

Chronic colitis can be a consequence of acute in cases of insufficient effective treatment, as well as in patients with reduced overall body resistance.

Most often, chronic colitis is caused by dysenteric bacteria, although other microbes (Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Proteus, pathogenic strains coli, amoeba, balantidia, Trichomonas, Giardia) can also cause the development of chronic colitis.

Often the cause of chronic colitis are helminthiases. It can also develop in the presence of foci of infection in the body, especially in organs anatomically associated with the intestines (in the gallbladder, pancreas, and others); In women, colitis can be caused by pelvic inflammatory disease.

Causes of ulcerative colitis

Until now, it is not exactly established what causes the development of this disease. But there is an assumption that it is called:

Triggers for ulcerative colitis are:

dysbacteriosis;
sedentary lifestyle;
poor dietary fiber and a carbohydrate-rich diet;
dysbacteriosis;
neuropsychic overload.

It has been established that people who have undergone surgery to remove the appendix are less susceptible to ulcerative colitis.

Classification of ulcerative colitis

Depending on the location of NUC, it can be:

According to the severity of the disease, there are three forms:

Depending on the nature of the course, ulcerative colitis is divided into:

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis

IN clinical picture define three main syndromes: stool disorders, hemorrhagic and pain. Then the general symptoms of ulcerative colitis are added:

anorexia;
nausea and vomiting;
weakness;
weight loss;
fever;
anemia.

The onset of the disease can be slow or acute. The most severe is the rapid type of nonspecific ulcerative colitis. It is almost always defined common defeat colon, the formation of severe complications (toxic dilatation of the colon, perforation) and most often in need of urgent surgical intervention. The disease occurs quickly, and a pronounced clinical picture matures within 1-2 days.

You also need to keep in mind the possibility of immune-mediated extraintestinal manifestations: articular syndrome (including sacroiliitis), erythema nodosum, uveitis, episcleritis, iridocyclitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, fatty liver, urolithiasis(urates, oxalates), hypercoagulation, amyloidosis.

Symptoms of nonspecific ulcerative colitis, which proceeds slowly, are manifested exclusively by rectal bleeding. Bleeding, for the most part, starts from small ulcers in the colon.

Illness accompanies heavy bleeding if the inflammation passes in the proximal direction to a significant segment of the colon. A significant proportion of patients have an increase in the frequency of bowel movements (in especially serious cases, up to 15 times a day). Often, when urged, only bloody mucus comes out.

At the beginning of the disease, which occurs in the form of proctosigmoiditis, there are constipations, most often due to contractions sigmoid colon. Pain occurs in 2/3 of patients and, as a rule, has a aching character.

The place of pain is determined by the extent of the pathological process (usually in the left side of the abdomen). In most patients, the expressiveness of pain increases 40-80 minutes after eating.

In the future, the dependence of pain on food intake disappears (the gastrocolytic reflex fades when intense intestinal motility begins immediately after eating). Bad feelings in patients cause tenesmus, characterized by pain in the rectum along with incomplete emptying intestines.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

In the treatment of ulcerative colitis, different variants diet that inhibits intestinal transit (4, 4a, 46), rich in protein with fat restriction. With a rapid course of the disease, the patient needs parenteral nutrition.

There are three main groups of drugs:

derivatives of aminosalicylic acid (sulfasalazine, mesalazine);
glucocorticoids;
immunosuppressants.

For non-severe types average dose sulfasalazine is 4-8 g / day, mesalazine - 2-4 g / day. When the effect is reached, the dose is reduced. Maintenance dose (1.5 g/day) patients continue to take (up to 2 years).

Taking mesalazine is better due to a small number of side effects (mainly with long-term use). Medicines can be taken topically, in suppositories and microclysters.

At severe form or the absence of the action of aminosalicylic acid derivatives, hormones are prescribed, for example, oral prednisolone at a dose of 1 mg / kg. At acute course prednisolone (at a dose of up to 240-360 mg / day) or hydrocortisone (at a dose of up to 500 mg / day) is prescribed parenterally for 5-7 days with a further transition to oral administration.

In resistant forms of ulcerative colitis, immunosuppressants are used - methotrexate (25 mg intramuscularly 2 times a week), azathioprine (2 mg / kg / day) or mercaptopurine (50 mg / day). The duration of the course is usually 12 weeks.

On the use of antidiarrheal drugs, there are different views. Some researchers do not recommend them because of the likelihood of onset of toxic dilatation of the colon and a small therapeutic effect.

In the treatment of nonspecific ulcerative colitis, dysbiotic disorders are corrected. Successfully use hyperbaric oxygenation, plasmapheresis and hemosorption.

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis

Indications for surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis are clinically proven suspicion of intestinal perforation, the impossibility of targeted complex therapy for toxic dilatation of the colon, infrequent cases of profuse intestinal bleeding, the ineffectiveness of persistent complex conservative treatment, cancer with a chronic inflammatory process.

Complications of ulcerative colitis

Most patients can have long remissions. Patients with common bowel disease after 10 years of illness have an increased risk of colon cancer. The assessment of probability is serious in complications of non-specific ulcerative colitis.

Local complications:

perforation;
profuse bleeding;
toxic dilatation of the colon;
strictures;
malignancy.

General (systemic) complications:

reactive arthritis;
stomatitis;
ankylosing spondylitis;
hepatitis.

diet for ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis is characterized by inflammation of the rectum and colon with frequent bleeding, violation of absorption processes in the intestine, a large loss of protein with feces. Patients often present with anemia (anemia), metabolic processes, depletion of the body, allergic reactions and other changes.

Nutrition of patients depends on the manifestations and nature of the course of the disease. In the acute stage, calories daily ration it is limited due to fats and carbohydrates while maintaining the normal content of proteins and an increased amount of B vitamins, ascorbic acid, vitamins A and K, potassium salts, calcium. With intestinal bleeding, it is necessary to introduce foods rich in vitamin K and calcium.

With an exacerbation of the disease, a diet is recommended that helps reduce the inflammatory process in the intestine and restore its impaired functions, as well as those organs that are more often involved in pathological process. Food is boiled, steamed, taken 4-5 times a day, the temperature of hot dishes is 57-62 ° C, cold - not lower than 15 ° C.

In general, diet therapy for exacerbation of chronic colitis and ulcerative colitis corresponds to that for chronic enteritis, tables No. 4b, 4, 4c are used. Appoint fractional nutrition 6-7 times a day; with a pronounced exacerbation, the first 1-2 days in the hospital can be carried out therapeutic starvation.

And at home medical nutrition includes slimy soups, weak meat broths, pureed cereals on the water, boiled meat in the form of steam cutlets and meatballs, soft-boiled eggs, boiled river fish, jelly, sweet tea.

Gradually, when the condition improves, vegetables and fruits are introduced into the diet in boiled and chopped form (mashed potatoes), which are then replaced with fresh ones.

Yesterday's white wheat bread, dry biscuits, lean buns or jam roll once a week, boiled meat, apples.

Soups on weak low-fat meat, fish broths, cereals, with noodles, dumplings, meatballs, croutons, finely chopped vegetables.

Low-fat meats (beef, veal, chicken, rabbit, turkey) in the form of steam cutlets, soufflés, rolls, tender meat boiled in pieces. Lean fish in pieces and minced fish products boiled and steamed.

Potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin, cauliflower boiled and grated, ripe tomatoes for garnish (no more than 100 g), green pea(individually).

Well-boiled viscous cereals in water, weak broth, 1/3 milk or 10% cream (except corn, barley, millet), boiled vermicelli.

Steam omelette, 1-2 soft-boiled eggs, egg in dishes.

Kissels, jellies, mousses, soufflés, dried fruit compotes (without fruits), marmalade, biscuits, apples, with good tolerance - raw grated apples, sweet ripe berries(strawberries, raspberries, strawberries, blueberries). Berry and fruit juices half with boiled water (preferably hot).

Fresh fermented milk drinks 100–150 g 2 times a day at room temperature, natural milk only in dishes and in small quantities, fresh non-acidic sour cream in dishes, mild cheese (preferably “Russian”) mashed with boiled vermicelli.

Freshly prepared natural curd, curd paste, steam curd pudding.

dill, parsley, Bay leaf, white and fruit sauce.

Natural tea, tea with milk, black coffee, rosehip broth.

Butter natural in dishes, with bread or crackers.

White cabbage;
beet;
Bell pepper;
eggplant;
radish;
radish;
sorrel;
spinach;
mushrooms;
carbonated drinks.

During the period of subsiding exacerbations, nutrition should be complete, with a high content of proteins, a normal amount of carbohydrates, rich in vitamins, potassium and calcium salts.

With nonspecific ulcerative colitis, the diet should be moderately mechanically sparing, meet the needs of the body, contain increased amount squirrel. The latter is necessary to eliminate the protein deficiency of the body, which is often found in this disease.

Sample diet menu

Prevention of ulcerative colitis

Because this disease is serious complications should not be taken lightly. It is worth protecting yourself from such troubles in advance. Proper nutrition is the key to health. So in this case it is the best prevention colitis.

It is necessary to chew food thoroughly during meals; monitor the condition of your teeth, eat food rich in vitamins and minerals.

Take care of your gut health. The chair should be regular. Timely treat any problems associated with the digestive system.

Avoid strenuous exercise.

Always enjoy life and eliminate stress from your life.

News active image life, in which it is necessary to include occupation exercise. In chronic colitis, for the prevention of exacerbations, it is necessary to follow a diet not only during the exacerbation period, but throughout life.

Forever you have to forget about sausages, fatty meats, marinades, smoked meats.

Alcohol and tobacco can also trigger a relapse of the disease.

In a word, all foods that are poorly absorbed in the intestines and cause increased gas formation are excluded from the patient's diet.

The question involuntarily arises, what is possible then? Products useful for any type of colitis:

From meat - lamb and chicken.
Vegetables boiled or baked.
Bread can only be eaten yesterday, not fresh.
Soups cooked in low-fat broth.
Fruits - apples, pears without peel, raw or baked in the oven.
Dairy products - kefir, sourdough, bifidok.
During the day, you need to drink 2 liters, but singing while eating is strictly prohibited.
You need to drink water 15-20 minutes before a meal or 2 hours after a meal.
Strong tea and coffee should also be excluded from the diet.

Proper nutrition allows not only to stay healthy, but also to support an already weakened body from the onset of the disease. If you do not comply with alimentary preventive measures, then you can pay a rather high price for this.

Questions and answers on the topic "Ulcerative colitis"

Question:Hello, I am 18 years old. I have ulcerative colitis. Whether tell or say can at this disease often appear an indisposition and the general bad state of health? Is it possible to live a full life with this disease?

Answer: During the period of exacerbation of nonspecific ulcerative colitis, poor health and malaise are possible. Modern methods of treating UC can achieve a long-term remission or completely stop the disease, so you have every chance to live a long and fulfilling life.

Question:Hello, I have ulcerative colitis, easy current. I was prescribed to take Salofalk in microgranules. Tell me, can salofalk cause side effects such as nausea and headache?

Answer: Yes, Salofalk can cause these side effects, but soon they should pass.

Question:Good afternoon, I ask for help in solving the problem, but I have: within a week, a 27-year-old man has a stool with blood, while the temperature is normal 36-6, there is no vomiting and nausea, there is periodically a short-term pain in the lower abdomen, after going to the toilet it passes. The color of the stool is not constant from normal to dark. Used for treatment Activated carbon and the last two days tetracycline. Please advise medications for treatment.

Answer: The situation you describe requires immediate medical intervention: bloody stools or black stools are signs of intestinal bleeding. The patient must be examined. There is no point in treating it if the diagnosis is not known. He may have dysentery, ulcerative colitis, stomach ulcers, etc.

Question:I am 47 years old. Over the past month, pronounced blood has appeared in the stool three times. The last time the blood was present for several hours (in the evening). There were no marks in the morning. What could it be? What steps can you take on your own?

Answer: The presence of blood in the stool can be a sign of hemorrhoids, fissures anus, bowel tumors or ulcerative colitis. You should see a proctologist as soon as possible (do not waste a day!) and undergo an examination. Any delay can be very dangerous.

Question:Hello, Doctor. I am 28 years old. Seven months ago I gave birth to my second child. A month ago I was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis-proctitis (20cm). And to be honest, this is like a sentence for me. I would very much like to know: 1. Is it true that this cannot be cured and it will be necessary to treat it all my life. I am currently taking PENTASA suppositories. 2. Does medicine have anything to offer at all that could help me (for example, surgery) or at least keep this disease under control (so that there is no deterioration). 3. What is the general outlook for people with this disease. To be honest, I'm very worried, I can not find a place for myself.

Answer: This diagnosis is not a sentence. Often it is possible to choose a treatment in such a way that you can forget about the disease for many years. However, it is just impossible to forget about it - if the lifestyle and diet are not followed, it will immediately make itself felt. The problem is that the exact cause of this disease is still not known. it is suggested that this is due to serious disorders of the immune system, but this has not been proven 100%. Until the cause of the disease is found, you yourself understand that it will not be possible to eliminate it. to date, only stable remission can be achieved. However, the causes of this disease and new drugs are constantly being sought. Don't be discouraged!

The disease nonspecific ulcerative colitis (NUC), characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, occurs as a result of a combination genetic factors With external causes, which exacerbate the symptoms and serve as a sign of the disease. The disease has a tendency to exacerbate and increases the risk of cancer of the rectum or colon. Timely diagnosis and measures taken to improve the quality of life and prevent dangerous consequences.

What is ulcerative colitis

NUC is accompanied by destruction of cells and tissues of the intestine against the background of a deficiency of immunoglobulins, which provokes the penetration pathogenic microorganisms tissue with subsequent inflammation. The disease occurs in the proportion of 100 cases for every 100 thousand of the population. The definition carries a collective semantic load, the disease is divided into forms depending on the localization, which, according to international classification ICD-10 have the code K51.

Symptoms

Symptoms of UC in adults are wide range manifestations, which leads to the absence of serious concern of the patient and the expectation that "it will pass by itself." In the opposite case (fulminant colitis), the patient goes straight to the hospital. You need to contact a specialist if you notice the following symptoms:

Blood with excreted feces is the surest sign. These may be faint marks on toilet paper or blood clots.
Fragments of mucus and purulent discharge in the feces.
Diarrhea, in which the number of diarrhea reaches 20 per day.
When defeated sigmoid department constipation is characteristic.
Tenesmus ( false urges to defecation). Often caused by accumulations of pus and mucus that come out instead of stool (rectal spit).
Flatulence.
Pain in the left side of the abdomen (left-sided colitis).
Against the background of intoxication, fever develops and the temperature rises.

Extraintestinal manifestations of UC

Non-intestinal lesions caused by UC are diverse. Some are due to the ileocolitic form (Crohn's disease) - lesions in the oral cavity, others - chronic form enterocolitis. In total, extraintestinal manifestations occur in no more than 20% of patients. Typical ones include:

erythema nodosum(inflammation of blood vessels of the skin and subcutaneous fat);
pyoderma gangrenosum (skin necrosis);
symptoms aphthous stomatitis in the oral cavity in the form of erosion;
various lesions eye: conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, episcleritis, retrobulbar neuritis, choroiditis;
joint damage in the form of arthritis, increased fragility (osteoporosis) and softening of the bones (osteomalacia);
necrosis of a separate segment of bone tissue ( aseptic necrosis);
a third of patients experience lung damage;
violation of the endocrine system leads to total damage to the liver, pancreas and biliary tract

Signs of ulcerative colitis of the intestine

In the course of the development of the disease, the damage to the mucous membranes increases, which leads to the formation of ulcers, sometimes penetrating to the layer muscle tissue. At chronic course peptic ulcer conglomerates of cells (inflammatory polyps) appear, which are formed in the process of restoring the affected intestinal epithelium. In a severe form of the disease, the large intestine thickens, and its lumen narrows, haustras (protrusions of the wall) disappear. In the acute phase, capillaries expand in the mucosal epithelium and hemorrhages occur, leading to ischemic necrosis.

Causes

The exact etiology of the disease has not yet been established. There is a correlation between the psycho-emotional state that provokes the disease. To date, experts are seriously discussing three conceptually feasible options:

Genetic predisposition, including autoimmune disorders. There are a number of studies that show a large number patients are the same gene mutations. However, not all people with similar pathologies susceptible to illness.
Infectious pathology.
Adverse factors external environment: strong contraceptives, rigid diets.

Classification

For a systematic classification of UC, it is best to refer to the International Classification of Diseases system. In accordance with this system, the disease is divided into forms:

Chronic ulcerative enterocolitis (lesion of the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines) - K51.0.
Chronic ulcerative form ileocolitis, also known as Crohn's disease (damage to the ileum and colon) - K51.1.
Chronic ulcerative form of proctitis (damage to the mucous membrane of the rectum) - K51.2.
Chronic ulcerative form of sigmoiditis (damage to the sigmoid colon) - K51.3
Pseudopolyposis (restructuring of the mucous tissues of the intestine, their dysplasia) - K51.4.
Mucosal type proctocolitis (lesion of the rectum, sigmoid and descending transverse colon, including the splenic angle) - K51.5.

Diagnostics

A gastroenterologist can determine distal nonspecific colitis when examining a patient and detecting a number of specific signs. In addition to visual examination, laboratory blood tests are carried out. The patient has a decrease in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin (signs of anemia), an increased number of leukocytes, C-reactive protein (which is an indicator of inflammation).

At immunological study blood in patients noted an increase in the level of cytoplasmic antineutrophil antibodies. Of the instrumental methods, the following methods are used:

endoscopy (rectosigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy) - reveal the presence of ulcers, polyps, intestinal bleeding, atrophy of the mucous membrane of the colon;
radiography - a contrasting barium mixture is used, the patient is found to have an expansion of the intestinal lumen, the formation of ulcers.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

Treatment for UC consists of integrated approach symptomatic. The objectives of therapy include the elimination of immune inflammation with medications, the maintenance of remission with the help of folk recipes and compliance with the patient's diet, preventing the occurrence of local complications. If the methods of classical drug therapy do not help to cure the patient or the effect of them is weak, they perform a surgical operation.

Conservative therapy

Treatment for non-specific ulcerative colitis begins with medications. Popular groups of drugs are:

Antibiotics - are used after surgery, with fevers and sepsis, toxic dilatation of the colon. From available medicines emit Trichopolum, Metronidazole at a dose of 10-20 mg / kg per day.
Immunosuppressants or cytostatics - are prescribed when corticosteroids are ineffective or continuous treatment. Azathioprine, Methotrexate, Cyclosporine are prescribed. The dose is set by the doctor (from 25 to 100 mg / day), the course of treatment is at least three months.
Immunomodulators - Timalin and Taktivin correct the immunological imbalance, eliminate the process of inflammation, help to cure the disease in a complex way.
Angioprotectors - Parmidin, Trental.
Enterosorbents - Polyphepan, Karbolen, Enterosgel, Vaulin.
Intestinal antiseptics- Intestopan, Furazolidone.
Antidiarrheal drugs - Almalox, Reasek, Imodium.
Enzymes - Mezim, Creon, Pancreatin.
Biological products (pre-and probiotics) - Lactobacterin, Bifikol.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

The first in the list of drugs for the treatment of colitis are nonsteroidal drugs with anti-inflammatory effect and glucocorticoids. They are assigned on an individual basis and are divided into the following groups:

Aminosalicylic acid preparations are salicylates that inhibit the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. These include Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine, Pentasa.
Azo compounds - Olsalazin, Balsalazid, Salofalk, Mesacol. Produced in the form of tablets, microclysters and rectal suppositories.
hormone therapy glucocorticoids - are used in the absence of the effect of salicylates, they are distinguished by a rapid effect. Means are administered rectally or systemically. Popular drugs are Prednisolone and Methylprednisolone at a dose of 1-2 mg / kg of body weight for a course of 10-20 weeks.

Diet

Great importance has a diet for ulcerative colitis of the colon. During periods of exacerbation, the patient is recommended fasting, only water is allowed. With a long remission, you need to adhere to the following nutritional rules:

reduce the amount of fat, increase the percentage of protein, include lean fish, meat, cottage cheese, eggs in the diet;
give up coarse fiber, bananas, milk, chocolate, coffee, citrus fruits, strawberries, red apples, muffins, spicy food;
from carbohydrates, cereals, honey, kissels, jelly, compotes, decoctions are allowed;
with a high severity of lesions, the patient is transferred to parenteral and enteral nutrition;
as astringent use pomegranate juice.

Treatment with folk remedies

Chronic colitis is accompanied by diarrhea and constipation, recipes will help cure them traditional medicine:

Mix chamomile and yarrow in a 5:1 ratio, add an equal amount of nettle, St. John's wort and wild rose. Brew a tablespoon of the collection with a glass of water or put in a water bath. Drink a glass before meals to stop diarrhea and bleeding and prevent putrefaction.
To restore intestinal motility, mix equal amounts of herbs: chamomile, goutweed, nettle, mint, valerian root, blueberries. Pour three tablespoons in a thermos with three cups of boiling water overnight. Drink a glass before meals.
For the treatment of edema, rapid cell recovery and wound healing, it is recommended to do microclysters with sea buckthorn oil. Dial 50 ml of oil into a pear, enter into the rectum in a supine position for the night. Empty your bowels in the morning, drink 1-2 tablespoons of oil on an empty stomach.

Surgery

If conservative treatment does not help, surgical intervention is indicated. Types of operations are colectomy (removal of the colon or part of it), proctocolectomy (removal of the rectum and colon), proctocolectomy with ileostomy (without preserving the anus). The reasons for the operation are.

Colitis is an inflammation of the lining of the large intestine. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease of the colon with the development of ulcers in the mucosa and hemorrhages. There are acute and chronic colitis. Colitis is usually a long-term disease in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop mainly in the mucous membrane of the colon.

The photo shows a severe form of ulcerative colitis of the sigmoid colon

Acute colitis is most often caused by dysenteric microorganisms, salmonella, staphylococci, streptococci, or occurs as a result of exposure to the body of allergens or toxins.

Causes of ulcerative colitis.

The causes of occurrence are not known for certain. The normal functioning of the colon is disturbed by pathogenic microorganisms (salmonella, staphylococci, streptococci, etc.), which cause stagnation of the intestinal contents; foci of infection in the gallbladder, pancreas and other organs anatomically associated with the intestines; systematic consumption of indigestible, spicy foods, alcohol; chronic constipation leading to the accumulation of heavy fecal residues that are not completely excreted; laxatives can only increase the irritation of the colon. Other causes: allergic reaction to certain foods, use of antibiotics, neuro-emotional disorders, stress.

Exacerbations occur after physical and nerve strain. Women get sick more often. The lesion of the intestine can be all over - total or only in a separate area - segmental. The rectum is also affected.

Colitis symptoms

Pain in the lower abdomen (around the navel), bloating, diarrhea, an admixture of mucus (sometimes blood) in the stool, fever (acute colitis); general malaise, poor appetite, nausea, cramping in the abdomen with a strong urge to defecate, diarrhea alternating with constipation (chronic colitis).

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis.

Patients report diarrhea, bleeding with feces, abdominal pain. Less commonly, pus can be found in the feces. The general well-being is disturbed, accompanied by a decrease in appetite, apathy, weight loss, an increase in body temperature Up to 37.5 ° C. The disease can be very difficult, accompanied by bleeding from ulcers, perforation of the wall.
intestines. The course of the disease is most often long-term, requiring constant maintenance therapy.

Symptoms of acute colitis.

Cramping pain in the abdomen, bloating, diarrhea mixed with mucus and sometimes blood, fever up to 38-39°C. Vomiting may occur.

Chronic colitis can occur due to acute inflammation or due to the presence of foci of infection in the gallbladder, pancreas and other organs, as well as malnutrition, abuse of spicy foods, alcohol.

Symptoms of chronic colitis.

Poor appetite, nausea, general malaise, flatulence. Abdominal pains often do not have a clear localization, are cramping in nature, accompanied by a strong urge to defecate, give to the lower back, groin. The nature of the stool can change: sometimes diarrhea, sometimes constipation.

Traditional treatments for colitis.

Medications: antibacterial, enzymatic, enveloping, analgesic. Selection of an individual diet. The diet should be gentle rich in vitamins, complete.

During the period of exacerbation, it is necessary to observe bed rest and a diet that includes fruits and vegetables, mashed mucous soups, cereal porridges on the water, boiled meat (minced meat, steam cutlets, meatballs), boiled fish. Dairy products are excluded. In severe cases, surgery is necessary.

home remedies for colitis

When colitis 2 times a day, drink whey from cheese.

Take 20 drops of 30% alcohol infusion propolis, spreading them in 0.5 cups warm water or milk, 3 times a day 1 hour before meals. At the same time, follow the diet recommended by your doctor. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks. The condition usually improves after 5-10 days of treatment.

Herbs and fees for the treatment of colitis

Brew 2 cups of boiling water 4 teaspoons of raspberry leaves or berries and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 0.5 cup 4 times a day before meals for colitis and stomach bleeding.

Mix 1 teaspoon of centaury herb, sage leaf and chamomile flowers. Brew the collection with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 1 tablespoon every 2 hours. After 1-3 months, reduce the dose by lengthening the intervals between doses of the infusion. The treatment is harmless and can be prolonged. Used for colitis.

Pour 2 tablespoons of peppermint leaves with 2 cups boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain. Drink 0.5-1 glass 15-20 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day to treat colitis.

Pour 2 tablespoons of wild strawberry leaves with 2 cups of boiling water. Insist. Take 2-3 tablespoons for colitis.

Take 20 g of dry peels or 50 g of fresh pomegranate with seeds, simmer for 30 minutes, pour 1 glass of water, strain. Take 2 tablespoons 2 times a day. Helps with allergic colitis and enterocolitis.

Pour 100 g of common yarrow herb with 1.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 18 hours in a sealed container. Strain the infusion and boil until it evaporates to 0.75 liters. Add 1 tablespoon of alcohol and 1 tablespoon of glycerin, mix well. Take 30 drops 30 minutes before meals. The course of treatment for colitis is 1 month.

Pour 1 tablespoon of bird cherry fruits with 1 cup of boiling water, cook for 5 minutes over low heat, leave for 2 hours, strain. Drink 0.25 cups 2-3 times a day for colitis.

Attention! Fruit seeds cannot be kneaded, they contain a toxic substance.

Pour 1 tablespoon of rhizomes and roots of burnet officinalis with 1 glass hot water, boil for 30 minutes, leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 5 times a day before meals for colitis.

Take 25 g of rhizomes of erect cinquefoil, 20 g of leaves and blueberries, 55 g of chamomile inflorescences. Infuse 1 teaspoon of the mixture for 6 hours in 1 glass of cold water, boil for 5-7 minutes, strain. Drink the whole infusion in small sips during the day with colitis.

Take equal amounts of gray alder earrings, rhizomes of erect cinquefoil, stinging nettle root. Take 50 g of the mixture, insist 10-12 hours in 1 liter of cold water, cook for 10-12 minutes and strain. Drink 1 glass of hot infusion on an empty stomach, the rest - during the day for 4 doses. Apply in chronic colitis.

Take equally a leaf of peppermint, chamomile inflorescences, rhizomes of Potentilla erect. Infuse 1 tablespoon of the mixture for 30 minutes in 1 cup of boiling water, strain. Take 1 glass 2-3 times a day for colitis.

Take equally a leaf of wormwood and a leaf of sage officinalis. Infuse 1 tablespoon of the mixture for 30 minutes in 1 cup of boiling water, strain. For colitis, take 1 tablespoon every 2 hours.

Take equal parts herbs of common oregano, herbs of shepherd's purse, herbs of highlander, herbs of five-lobed motherwort, herbs of common yarrow, herbs of St. John's wort, nettle leaves. Pour 2 tablespoons of the mixture overnight in a thermos with 2 cups of boiling water, strain. Drink 0.5 cup 3 times a day for chronic colitis.

Pour 1 teaspoon of chopped herb fumes officinalis with 1 cup of boiling water, leave for 5 hours, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoons 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals for ulcerative colitis.

Attention! The fume is poisonous. Strictly follow the dosage.

Folk remedies for the treatment of colitis:

Pour 80–100 g of dried watermelon peels with 2 cups of boiling water, insist, strain. Drink 1/2 cup 4-6 times a day. The infusion is used for acute and chronic inflammation large intestine.
10 g of fennel fruits are poured into a glass of boiling water, heated in a water bath for 15 minutes, cooled, filtered and the volume is adjusted to 200 ml. Drink 1/3-1/2 cup 3 times a day for chronic spastic colitis.
With an exacerbation of colitis, along with treatment and diet prescribed by a doctor, you can take an infusion of herbs. Brew in 1 cup boiling water a mixture of 1 teaspoon of centaury, 1 teaspoon of sage and 1 teaspoon of chamomile. Cover the glass with a saucer, let the infusion cool and strain it. Take 1 tablespoon 7-8 times a day, depending on how long the patient is awake. The duration of treatment is from 1 to 3 months. After that, the dose is reduced, and the time intervals between doses of the drug are increased.
In chronic gastric diseases - gastritis, ulcers, and inflammation of the colon - every day for a month you need to eat up to 8 g of propolis. It should be chewed for a long time, best on an empty stomach. In case of allergy, do not stop treatment.
For colitis and enteritis, take a decoction of 15 g of gray alder bark in a glass of water, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. Or a tincture of 25 g of bark per 100 g of alcohol or a glass of vodka - 30-40 drops 2-3 times a day.
Salvia officinalis leaves, peppermint leaves, chamomile herb and St. John's wort, common cumin fruits are mixed equally. Pour two tablespoons of the mixture overnight in a thermos with 1 cup of boiling water and strain. Drink 1/2 cup 3-4 times a day.
100 g of common yarrow herb pour 1.5 liters of boiling water and leave for 8 hours in a closed enamel bowl. Strain the infusion and boil until it evaporates to 75 ml. Add 1 tablespoon of alcohol and 1 tablespoon of glycerin and mix well. Take 25-30 drops 30 minutes before meals. The course of treatment is 1 month.
Prepare a set of the following ingredients: rhizome erect cinquefoil - 20 g, rhizome snake knotweed - 20 g, chamomile inflorescences - 20 g, large plantain leaves - 25 g, blueberries - 25 g. Brew a tablespoon of the mixture like tea in a glass of boiling water and strain . Drink the entire infusion during the day.
Collect the indicated components in equal proportions: grass of oregano, shepherd's purse, bird's knotweed, five-lobed motherwort, common yarrow, St. John's wort, nettle leaf. Pour two tablespoons of the mixture overnight in a thermos with 2 cups of boiling water, strain in the morning. Drink 1/2 cup 3 times a day for chronic colitis.
Onion juice is recommended to take 1 teaspoon 3-4 times a day for inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Pour two tablespoons of field mint leaves with 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes and strain. Drink 1/2-1 cup 15-20 minutes before meals 2-3 times a day.
Collect the components in the indicated quantities: St. John's wort herb - 25 g, centaury umbrella - 25 g, wormwood leaves - 25 g, horsetail grass - 25 g, angelica officinalis rhizome - 25 g, peppermint leaf - 10 g, rhizome with roots valerian officinalis - 10 g. Infuse two tablespoons of a mixture of the first 5 listed herbs in 0.5 liters of hot red wine for 10-15 minutes, then add the remaining 2 plants (1 tablespoon each) to the wine and insist another 25-30 minutes. Take 2-3 tablespoons 3-4 times a day with a glass of water.
Prepare the ingredients in the following proportions: wild strawberry leaf - 6 parts, lemon balm leaf - 3 parts, thyme herb - 1 part, caraway fruits - 1 part, yarrow grass - 1 part. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, leave for 2 hours and strain. Take 1/3-1/2 cup 3 times a day before meals for gastroenteritis.
Take 20 g of dry peels or 50 g of fresh pomegranate with seeds, boil over low heat for 30 minutes in 200 ml of water. Strain thoroughly. Drink 2 tablespoons of the prepared decoction 2 times a day. pomegranate decoction- Very effective remedy for the treatment of allergic colitis and enterocolitis.
Seedlings of gray alder, rhizome of erect cinquefoil, root of stinging nettle - equally. Infuse 50 g of the mixture for 10-12 hours in 1 liter of cold water, boil for 10-12 minutes, strain. Drink a glass of hot infusion on an empty stomach, the rest - during the day for 4 doses for chronic colitis.
Rhizome erect cinquefoil, chamomile flowers, nettle leaf, blueberry leaf, peppermint leaf - equally. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of water, boil for 20-25 minutes, leave for 20 minutes, strain. Take a glass 2-3 times a day for colitis.
Polish bitter leaf - 20 g, medicinal sage leaf - 20 g. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, leave for 25-30 minutes, strain. Take a tablespoon every 2 hours for colitis.

Colitis Diet.

In acute colitis, it is recommended to completely fast for 1-2 days, after which you gradually switch to a diet consisting of lightly processed or steamed vegetables, rice, oatmeal, as well as ripe fruits, cheese, boiled meat. Gradually add bread to the diet (but without bran), raw vegetables without peel. The pain may be aggravated by taking coarse vegetable fiber (cabbage, apples with peel, black bread), whole milk, sour cream, fatty foods, dry wines and champagne. Avoid food with spices, seasonings, spices.
The diet should contain normal amount proteins; animal fats should be limited.
The diet provides for sparing the intestines, increasing the regenerative abilities of its mucous membrane, eliminating fermentation and putrefactive processes, as well as metabolic disorders.

See also Diarrhea, Gastritis, Enterocolitis.

Vanga's recipes for colitis

Twice a day take whey, which is obtained by squeezing cheese. Fatty foods should be avoided.
Brew centaury and chamomile (one teaspoon each) with a glass of boiling water. Drink one tablespoon every 2 hours, approximately 7 to 8 times a day. After some time (usually from one to three months), the dose is reduced, and the intervals between doses of the drug are lengthened. This medicine is considered harmless, and therefore it can be treated for a long time.
For 3 to 4 months between meals, eat a little kernels walnuts(70 g per day). Instead of water, it is desirable to use a decoction of comfrey root, galangal and flaxseed. Improvement occurs in a month, and after 4 months - recovery.
At acute colitis starch microclysters are recommended: dilute 5 g of starch (potato, corn, rice) in 100 ml of cool water and, while stirring, gradually add 100 ml of boiling water. Then cool to 40 degrees and enter into the rectum.
A good effect in colitis is provided by microclysters from chamomile with honey. Brew 1 tablespoon of chamomile flowers with a glass of boiling water, after cooling, add 1 teaspoon of honey. Use 30 - 50 ml of solution. Course - 8 procedures.
Drink onion juice one teaspoon 3-4 times a day before meals.
A decoction of the roots and rhizomes of bergenia: pour one tablespoon of crushed roots and rhizomes of bergenia with one glass of boiling water, boil for half an hour in a water bath, strain. Drink two tablespoons 3-4 times a day.
A decoction of centaury, sage and chamomile: mix centaury, sage and chamomile one teaspoon each, brew this mixture with one glass of water. Cover, chill and strain. Take with exacerbation of colitis one tablespoon 5-7 times a day.
Infusion of anise, fennel, licorice and buckthorn: mix 10 grams of anise fruit, 10 grams of fennel fruit, 20 grams of licorice root, 60 grams of buckthorn root. Pour one tablespoon of this mixture with one glass of boiling water. Infuse for half an hour, strain. Drink in the morning and in the evening for a full glass.
Infusion different herbs: mix equal amounts of chamomile flowers, fennel fruits, cumin fruits, gray alder seedlings, peppermint grass, marshmallow root, St. Pour one teaspoon of this collection with one glass of water, boil, insist for two hours. Take 0.5 cup three times a day before meals. Use to treat chronic spastic colitis.
Tea from viburnum berries: pour one tablespoon of viburnum berries with one glass of boiling water, insist, strain. Take one quarter cup four times a day half an hour before meals for colitis and enterocolitis.