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Itching of the skin can cause such discomfort and an annoying urge to scratch the skin that it can drive a person crazy, especially if he has severe itching of the skin.

Initially, itching of the skin begins to occur in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe nerves under the skin in the epidermis layer, where their endings are located. Further, through the innervation of nerve fibers, impulse signals enter the cerebral cortex. The whole principle of this process is explained by the work of the autonomic nervous system.

There are no specific receptors that perceive sensations of itchy skin. In the cerebral cortex, under the direct influence of accompanying emotions (boredom, anxiety, etc.) or various sensations on the skin, the feeling of itching can either increase or decrease.

Usually itchy skin independent disease it can not be. It acts as the original or one of the common symptoms any underlying disease.

Itchy skin causes

Itching of the skin can be presented as a symptom of a systemic or skin disease. Itching of the skin can also be the cause of ordinary dryness of the skin, which can appear during the seasonal season.

With localized itching of the skin, we can talk about various skin dermatosis. As a rule, with dermatoses, severe itching of the skin can be observed. Such diseases can be: fungal infections skin, . It can also include itching of the skin in the anus (with hemorrhoids, proctitis, diabetes, non-compliance with personal hygiene, anal fissures, helminthic invasions, etc.) Itching of the skin in the genital area can be observed with human papillomavirus infection, estrogen deficiency, diabetes mellitus, etc.

With generalized itching of the skin, itching without any special skin changes (scratching, rashes, erosion, etc.) is of great importance.

Itching of the skin in the elderly can be an age-related change in dryness of the skin. With age, the skin becomes thinner, and the amount of moisture in it also decreases.

Generalized itching can be with diabetes mellitus, with cancer, with e, with and.

Itching of the skin of the legs appears with fungal infections, in the first place. may appear in such places of the skin on the legs, where there may be accumulation of a certain amount of moisture. For example, between the toes. Also, another common cause itching of the skin of the legs can be (the so-called sweating disorder, during which inflammation of the skin occurs). Itching of the skin of the legs can also be caused by hypothermia. In the people, this condition is called "chills" - localized vasculitis of the skin.

Itching of the skin of the hands can be observed with various dermatoses. If present: urticaria, eczema, neurodermatitis. Also, itching of the skin of the hands is always observed with scabies, especially between the fingers. Chemicals, causing or temperature changes, can also cause itching of the skin of the hands. This condition may also occur with or while taking certain medications.

Itching of the skin in children is also a very common symptom in allergic dermatoses, seborrheic dermatitis, in the intestines, in helminthic invasions, etc.

Itchy skin symptoms

For the appearance of sensations of itching of the skin, both its intensity and the properties of the irritant can be important. When the irritating substance initially causes itching of the skin, then with an increase in intensity, the itching is replaced by pain. Certain irritants (for example, quinine, morphine, arsenic, etc.) have the effect of causing itching of the skin, while some drugs may not.

It is also worth noting that in the perception of itching, as well as pain syndrome, the subjective element can be of great importance. All patients perceive itching of the skin differently, depending on functional features their nervous system. good diagnostic criterion to determine the nature of itching, excoriations are used as the final component of scratching. Often there are patients who complain of severe itching of the skin, which deprives them of sleep, but on physical examination they usually do not find any scratching or slight excoriations may occur. In other cases, if the patient has a large number of scratches, there are practically no complaints of skin itching.

Neurotics and psychasthenics may complain of severe itching of the skin, while not having significant clinical signs. For them, such an exaggeration of sensations is quite typical. The removal of neurosis by hypnosis leads to the weakening or disappearance of the itching of the skin in general, which is proof of this. According to the location of the itching of the skin, the limited and generalized nature of its location is distinguished.

An example of limited itching of the skin can be presented as itching of the skin of the hands, skin of the legs and anal area. An example of generalized itching of the skin is senile itching (dry skin or diabetes).

Itching of the skin and its characteristic scratching on the skin usually lead to visible changes in the skin cover. The skin can react to combing either with a spasm of the blood vessels, or with their expansion. As a result, vascular ischemia occurs with simultaneous tissue edema. Often, itching of the skin goes away along with the urticarial reaction, which is characterized by vasospasm and their expansion along the periphery of the vesicle, which can form with skin itching.

Prolonged itching of the skin can lead to the appearance of papules, excoriations, lichenification, and often to eczematization of the skin. When the indicated clinical manifestations the disease must already be regarded as.

Itching of the scalp

When itching of the scalp, the first thing that comes to mind is the presence of head lice or head lice. With pediculosis, itching of the scalp is localized at the site of attachment of the nits (behind the ears, under the bangs, on the back of the head) most of all. Itching with lice is very debilitating. Their nits can be seen in the form of dandruff, but at the same time they have a shiny surface, they are quite difficult to remove from the hair, and when you press your nails on it, a kind of click is pronounced, as if it bursts.

Seborrhea can also act as another common culprit for itchy scalp. The cause of seborrhea is a change in the function of the sebaceous glands. It can be oily, dry or mixed. Often, seborrhea can cause severe flaking of the scalp, which is called dandruff. This disease is difficult to cure on its own. Treatment consists of consulting a specialist, following a diet and prescribing appropriate medications.

Itching of the scalp may occur after frequent shift shampoos or hair masks. For selection suitable means for hair care, it is best to contact a trichologist - a hair specialist.

Severe dryness of the scalp can also cause itching. To do this, experts recommend using special moisturizing shampoos and hair products.

Approximately a quarter of patients suffering from jaundice complain of severe itching of the skin of the body. Such itching may be due to intrahepatic cholestasis. It is observed in 25% of patients with hepatitis and 15% of patients with cirrhosis.

Itching of the skin of the body is present in almost all patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and can act as the first symptom, appearing several years earlier than other signs of the disease.

Generalized itching of the skin of the body during pregnancy is observed for a period of more than 6 months and disappears after the birth of the child. Therefore, expectant mothers should not particularly worry about this unpleasant symptom, since this is a temporary phenomenon.

Certain medications can itch the skin of the body. These include: Erythromycin, Phenothiazines, anabolic steroids and estrogens. In the case of taking contraceptives, in half the cases, itching of the skin begins already in the first month of use. The risk of this side effect from birth control is much higher in those women who experienced itchy skin during pregnancy.

Half of patients with polycythemia vera suffer from generalized itching of the skin, which is always worse after hot baths.

Itching of the skin of the body with e occurs in a third of patients and always means the first symptom of the disease.

And systemic mastocytosis can be accompanied by itching of the skin throughout the body, in the absence of skin scratching. Moreover, in such patients, itching begins long before the onset of anemia.

It also manifests itself as a generalized itching of the skin of the body. Itching in this case appears due to increased activity kinins along with an increase in skin temperature.

With e, dry skin is observed, which can provoke itching.

Heroin addicts have chronic itching body skin.

A separate form of itching of the skin of the body is high-altitude itching. It occurs in a small number of people when climbing to a height of 10 km and above.

In diabetes mellitus, there is localized itching of the skin of the body. It can be either in one area of ​​the body, or in several at once.

With scabies, a disease of infectious origin, which is transmitted by contact, there is itching of the skin of the body with the manifestation of scabies on the surface of the skin. The causative agent of this disease is the scabies mite. Scabies begins with rashes and severe itching between the fingers, in the area of ​​​​the wrists and in the abdomen. When making a diagnosis, scrapings are taken from the affected areas on the skin.

With neurodermatitis, which can be classified as an inflammatory process, redness is observed on the bend of the elbows and knees. Later, severe itching of the skin in the affected areas joins.

Itching of the skin of the face

With itching of the skin of the face, the cause of its occurrence, in the first place, may be an allergic reaction. In this case, the skin of the face may be red, the patient may experience a feeling of heat. The causes of its occurrence may be intolerance to any food products and/or medicinal products.

In children, itchy facial skin may be due to lactose intolerance. Women and young girls may have an allergic reaction to decorative cosmetics, which is also manifested by itching of the skin in the cheeks, eyes and mouth. Especially with intolerance to anti-aging creams, up to swelling of the eyelids.

Dry skin on the face can also cause itching. To prevent it, you need to use hypoallergenic creams with a moisturizing effect. Also, when using tonics for the face, its dryness may appear. In this case, they should be discarded.

In some people, facial itching can develop due to temperature changes and climatic influences. That is, there may be a reaction to the cold, to the wind, to the heat. And often such susceptibility to the external environment occurs in those people who suffer from anemia or hypothyroidism.

Certain medications can also cause discomfort on the skin of the face in the form of itching. In addition to itching, such reactions can be combined with flushing and swelling of the skin of the face. With such signs, you need to urgently consult a doctor.

With jaundice, itching of the skin of the face and its swelling may also appear. At the same time, after scratching the skin, characteristic whitish combs may remain. In diabetes, this phenomenon is also often observed.

Appearance various kinds dermatosis is always accompanied by itching of the skin of the face. But they are usually combined with various rashes on the skin. This is especially true for atopic dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis.

Itchy skin treatment

The lack of knowledge in the field of pathophysiology of skin pruritus explains the difficulty in choosing the best option therapy. At the main place of various medical measures in case of skin itching, the underlying disease should be treated. In addition, provoking factors should be eliminated, for example: dryness skin, contact with various irritants, actions to degrease the skin (use of tonics), eating certain foods ( spicy foods, spices, alcoholic beverages), as well as temperature fluctuations in environment. It is necessary to exclude the long-term use of potential allergic drugs (local anesthetics), as well as Doxepin, which is successfully used in atopic skin dermatitis, but in its own way chemical formula and due to the increase in T-cell activity has a high degree of sensitization.

Related measures such as avoidance stressful situations, autogenic training, psychological help, appropriate clothing, the use of wet wraps, can alleviate itching.

Depending on the main disease, it is considered important to include corticosteroids, anesthetics (Phenol, Menthol, Camphor, Polidocanol), Resorcinol, Clioquenol, tar in various bases in therapy. As a supportive measure, electrical transcutaneous neurostimulation or acupuncture therapy is used. The use of capsaicin, which is an alkaloid that is extracted from pepper, gives good results in the treatment of itchy skin.

In the treatment of itching of the skin, three main aspects must be taken into account. First, it is a causal approach in which the causative agent of the disease is exterminated. If this is not possible or the diagnosis of the pathogen is difficult, then attempts can be made to alleviate the symptoms by influencing the release of mediators that cause itching of the skin.

For itching of the skin with mental and neurotic disorders, psychohypnosis with the elimination of stressful aggressors or tranquilizer therapy is a good therapy.

In therapeutic practice, with a number of diseases and with many pathological processes with skin itching of an unknown nature, it is impossible to cure the underlying disease. In such cases, therapy is initiated to alleviate the itching of the skin, either by influencing the principles of the mediators of free nerve endings or on a specific organ, or by modulating the transition of itching along the central and peripheral nerve pathways.

Histamine, under pathological and experimental conditions, appears to be the only reliably identified transmitter of skin pruritus. Therefore, with a large number of diseases that are caused by mast cells, itching of the skin and rashes in the form of papules can be cured with antihistamine drugs. Obsolete antihistamine drugs that have a common sedative effect, in their effect on skin itching and rashes in the form of bubbles, differ little from modern non-sedative drugs.

Non-sedative antihistamine drugs in more than half of patients with chronic urticaria completely cure itching of the skin, and in the remaining patients contribute to its good suppression. In patients with eczema, in most studies with normal control there is no absolute response to different antihistamine drugs. Antihistamine drugs, which also affect the passage of mediators from mast cells and the migration of eosinophils, show, on the contrary, good efficiency with atopic dermatitis of the skin (Loratadine, Cetirizine).

So, antihistamine drugs are divided into: ineffective or ineffective in the treatment of itchy skin in case of eczema. Antihistamines with topical therapeutic effect in the same diseases, they have a limited effect, and they should be avoided due to potential contact sensitization in children.

The weak effect of antihistamine drugs, in various inflammatory dermatoses, contrasts with a sharp reaction skin itching on glucocorticosteroids, even along with manifestations of pruritus, other criteria for inflammation are also suppressed. If there are no contraindications, corticosteroids are used systemically for acute illnesses(acute contact eczema, acute urticaria, etc.). In chronic processes, on the contrary, they have contraindications.

A method such as photochemotherapy can eliminate itchy skin in certain diseases that are caused by inflammation and the action of mast cells. Cyclosporine A can be used in small doses (5 mg per kg of weight) for urticaria, atopic skin dermatitis, skin eczema. It softens the manifestations of itching of the skin, but after its withdrawal, a relapse of the disease may occur. And it is also a nephrotoxic agent, which means that it has Negative influence to the kidneys and liver.

With intrahepatic cholestasis with a decrease in endogenous bile acids in the blood serum, namely, cholic acid, as a result of therapy with Ursodeoxycholic acid or Cholestyramine, pruritus with a chronic course along with alkaline phosphatase is significantly reduced. In children and adults, cholestatic disease reportedly responds well to rifampicin, although it must be considered. high probability side effects, relative cross-effects with other drugs and relatively high cost of treatment. A good effect is achieved with the simultaneous use of cholestyramine and UVI. Not bad also help morphine antagonists (Nalmefene, Nalakson) and plasmapheresis. Surgical interventions, for example, the removal of bile fluid - stoma, liver transplantation for certain indications, significantly improve the symptoms of itchy skin.

In the treatment of skin itching, along with general modulating measures, the removal of the inflammatory process is important. It is important to suppress T-cell infiltration with the subsequent release of mediators from inflammatory mast cells into the layers of the epidermis. Xerosis in atopic dermatitis appears to be another important point for treatment and requires the intake of such drugs that have the property of binding water. Therefore, it is important to prescribe urea, as well as tar, which eliminates itching and reduces lichenification and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes.

Itching of the skin in acute inflammation and chronic course Atopic dermatitis needs to be treated in different ways. Subacute forms can be treated with UV irradiation, but sometimes UV irradiation can lead to a reduction in itching and inflammation in the acute form. When antihistamine drugs are used, it is important to observe their intake in the evening.

Treatment recommended for patients with itchy skin concomitant diseases. A diet is prescribed with the exclusion of individual trophoallergens: meat broth, egg white, spices, chocolate, sweets, alcoholic beverages; restricted use table salt, canned and smoked foods. Can be used lactic acid and plant origin products.

In the form of symptomatic treatment, sedative drugs (Valerian, motherwort tincture and tranquilizers) may be indicated; antihistamines (Suprastin, Diazolin, Fenkarol, Loratadin, Erolin); desensitizing drugs (calcium preparations, Hemodez, sodium thiosulfate); anesthetic drugs (1% Trimecaine solution, 0.5% Novocaine solution); enterosorbents ( Activated carbon, Belosorb, Polysorb and Polyphepan).

Locally can be applied: powders, water and alcohol solutions, pastes, shaken suspensions, ointments. Antipruritic, local action is possessed by means of certain compositions: 1-2% thymol; 0.5-2.0% menthol; 1-2% phenol (carbolic acid); 1-2% anestezin; 1-2% solutions of citric acid; alcohols (1-2% salicylic, 1-2% resorcinol, 30-70% ethyl; camphor); infusions of herbs of succession and chamomile. In the absence of a therapeutic effect, skin areas affected by itching can be lubricated with glucocorticosteroid creams (Elokom, Lokoid, Flucinar, Advantan, Fluorocort). But they should not be used for too long a period of time (on average, about a week).

Hydrogen sulfide baths also have an antipruritic effect; baths with a decoction of string and oak bark; sea ​​salt baths, coniferous extract, starch; sea ​​bathing. The water temperature should be about 38°C, the duration of the procedure is about 20 minutes, in a course of 10 baths.

Also shown: electrosleep, hypnosis, laser puncture, acupuncture, magnetotherapy, biorhythmoreflexotherapy, phonophoresis with hydrocortisone.

Retinoids in patients with atopic dermatitis may cause itching instead of eliminating it. With red lichen planus, skin itching disappears within a week even with the use of small doses (Isotretenoin or Etretinate 10 mg per day). Skin symptoms in the form of rashes, on the contrary, may not respond to drugs.

When treating a well-spread itching of the skin in the perianal region, first you need to eliminate the nature of the onset of the disease and normalize the personal hygiene of the anal area. In the diet, irritating foods should be avoided: spices and citrus fruits. Injection therapy with 5% Phenol in almond oil under the skin of the distal anus may also be recommended. In most cases, this method gives a complete recovery.

If the causes of skin itching are unknown, then measures are taken simply to reduce it. These include, firstly, regular skin care with moisturizing cosmetic and therapeutic agents This is more for older people. Maintaining personal hygiene and at the same time a noticeable reduction in water procedures can also help reduce itching of the skin.

Skin itching is a symptom of many dermatological diseases and often causes unbearable suffering to a person, depriving him of peace and sleep. In most cases, the skin turns red, covered with a rash, and flaky. sometimes unbearable and obsessive itching throughout the body is not accompanied by any of the listed signs. Let's try to figure out why itching appears without rashes and how to get rid of this problem.

Possible reasons

Itching itself is not a disease, but serves as a signal that some kind of failure has appeared in the body.. After all, the desire to scratch is a response of the nervous system to the impact of any stimuli. Itching that appears all over the body can have many causes. Let's take a closer look at the most common ones.

hepatitis and cirrhosis

Severe itching accompanies many liver diseases, and in most cases it occurs long before all other symptoms. This is due to the fact that the cells of a diseased liver cannot fully cleanse the blood of toxins that accumulate and gradually poison the body.

Hepatic itching begins on the palms and feet, and then spreads throughout the body. His hallmark is the impossibility of elimination with the help of antihistamines.

Most often, with cirrhosis and hepatitis, the body itches at night, causing unbearable suffering to the patient.

Diabetes

Even in the earliest stages of the disease, elevated blood glucose contributes to clogging small vessels sugar crystals and prevents the normal elimination of toxins. At the same time, the skin, losing moisture, dries up and begins to itch.

Itching in diabetics is localized in the groin, on the genitals, buttocks and abdomen. Sometimes palms, feet and folds itch elbow joints. As a rule, diabetic itching is observed in older and older people, especially in women.

depression and psychosis

This symptom is a frequent companion of many mental and nervous disorders.

Experts have found that under the influence of overvoltage and stress, the body produces increased amount histamine, which is the cause allergic reactions. Itching on nervous ground most often occurs on the arms, legs, or scalp.

In some cases, itchy sensations mental illness take the form of tactile hallucinations. It seems to the patient that insects or animals are crawling all over the body. More often suffer from such disorders women after 40-45 years.

Oncological diseases

The relationship between itching without a rash and oncology was discovered by physicians back in the 19th century, but the mechanism of its occurrence is still not clear. Most likely, the reason lies in the increase in the level of toxins in the blood, which causes responses in the body. Most often it accompanies cancer of the pancreas, intestines, genitourinary system.

Itching in oncology can have a generalized form or be localized in certain parts of the body. So, with uterine cancer in women, the genitals itch, with neoplasms in the intestines - the area around the anus, with brain cancer - the nostrils.

People with a hereditary predisposition to oncological diseases, with the appearance of itching without a rash, you should undergo a complete examination and pass all necessary tests to prevent the development of a terrible disease.

Itching in the absence of a rash is caused by the scabies mite, which can become infected through someone else's clothing, bedding, or other household items.

In this case, the stomach, elbow cavities and areas between the fingers most often itch. The sensation is worse in the evening or at night.

Blood diseases

Many blood diseases are accompanied by itching, which can be localized to a specific area or be widespread. Most often the reason is Iron-deficiency anemia, which is characterized by dizziness, pallor of the skin, changes in taste. Itching is concentrated in the pelvic organs, chest or genitals.

Reaction to medication

Some medications can cause severe itching of the head and the whole body. More often, the reaction occurs to antibiotics, acetylsalicylic acid, vitamin medicines, as well as to oral contraceptives and anabolic steroids.

If itching occurs, you should immediately stop taking the medication and consult a doctor who will prescribe antihistamines or other drugs to eliminate the unpleasant symptom.

Other reasons

Not only the listed diseases can cause itching without skin rashes. Other reasons include the following:

• some food;
• personal hygiene products;
• synthetic clothing or bedding;
• washing powder and detergents;
• animal hair;
• chlorinated bathing water.

In addition, itching can become a harbinger of dermatological diseases, appearing before other symptoms - redness, swelling or rash. It could be on initial stage atopic dermatitis, seborrhea.

Itching during pregnancy

Women who are expecting a baby often complain of constant itching in the abdomen and chest. At the same time, there are no other signs indicating skin diseases. IN medical practice this condition is called "polymorphic dermatosis of pregnant women" and is explained by the natural stretching of the muscles. During this period, a woman's body undergoes hormonal changes, which can also cause itching.

In the vast majority of cases, after childbirth, the unpleasant symptom completely disappears. However, if itching brings future mother discomfort, then it must be eliminated with the help of medications or folk remedies, which should be prescribed only by a doctor.

If the itching in a pregnant woman is localized in the genital area, this may be one of the symptoms. bacterial vaginosis or thrush. In this case, a visit to a dermatologist and gynecologist is required, since the disease can cause serious complications for mother and future baby.

Senile itching

This diagnosis is often made in people over 65 years of age. It has been observed that men are more likely to experience age-related itching than women. At first, one area itches, and then spreads to the whole body, acquiring a generalized character. Unpleasant sensations appear in the late afternoon and disturb the person throughout the night.

If we exclude the presence of skin or internal diseases, then the cause of senile itching should be sought in age-related changes in the body. Older people experience drying and thinning of the epidermis, disruption of keratinization processes, degeneration of nerve endings, and atherosclerosis of blood vessels supplying the skin with blood.

To eliminate an unpleasant symptom, it is enough to moisturize the skin well using special nourishing creams intended for older people. To improve sleep, you can take soothing teas or tinctures of medicinal herbs - motherwort, valerian, mint, lemon balm.

Diagnostics

Itching without a rash can be a symptom of many serious illnesses that require immediate treatment. Before you start taking drugs and undergo procedures, you need to accurately establish the cause that caused itching.

You need to make an appointment with a dermatologist who will conduct a thorough examination. In case of absence skin pathologies the doctor will refer you for a consultation with other specialists - a general practitioner, gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, allergist, urologist, gynecologist or neuropathologist.

The patient will need to pass laboratory tests, undergo an ultrasound internal organs, computed tomography and other types of research. Only after the doctors restore the full picture of the disease, it will be possible to talk about the appointment of medical procedures.

Treatment

The list of drugs and the method of their use are determined by the disease or condition that provoked the patient's itching. To relieve symptoms, both traditional medicines and no less effective folk recipes are used.

Medical treatment

Most fast way get rid of itchy skin - treat the problem area with ointment. For this, it is recommended to use the following drugs:

Antihistamines can help relieve itching oral intake: Tsetrin, Suprastin, Zodak, Tavegil, Diazolin, Clemastin, Telfast.

Normalize sleep and relieve nervous tension caused by constant itching, sedatives will help - motherwort tincture, peony tincture, Persen, Notta, Novopassit. The doctor may prescribe physiotherapeutic procedures - electrophoresis, electrosleep, aromatherapy, radon or sulfur baths, hypnosis.

Each of the listed drugs has contraindications and side effects. Therefore, it is not recommended to use them without the appointment of a specialist, so as not to aggravate the condition.

Folk recipes

Along with pharmacological means, you can get rid of itching with the help of traditional medicine recipes. The most effective, according to patients, are the following:

1. Mix in equal parts string, sage, lavender, chamomile and nettle. Pour 5 tablespoons of the collection with 1 liter of boiling water and let it brew for 1 hour. Use the infusion for taking a bath before going to bed, the duration of the procedure is at least 15 minutes.
2. Wipe itchy places with a 5% solution apple cider vinegar or half a lemon.
3. Pour pine buds or young needles with water at the rate of 1 liter per 100 g of raw materials and bring to a boil. Wrap in a blanket and let cool completely. Use as compresses on problem areas of the skin or for baths.

Peppermint oil or ice compresses from frozen herbal decoctions will help quickly relieve severe itching. But, since each of the proposed remedies can cause an allergic reaction, their use must be agreed with the doctor.

In what cases you need to see a doctor

A sudden itching without a rash should alert a person and become a reason to visit a specialist. But sometimes we are talking not just about a consultation, but about immediate medical attention.

An ambulance should be called if the patient has the following symptoms:

The sooner the patient is helped in such cases, the greater the likelihood of his speedy recovery and getting rid of unpleasant symptoms.

Prevention measures

The most important principle for preventing disturbing itching is timely detection and treatment of any chronic diseases and prevention of their recurrence. In addition, the list preventive measures the following are included:

1. News healthy lifestyle life, get rid of bad habits.
2. Spend more time outdoors.
3. Avoid nervous overload and stressful situations.
4. Do not use drugs indiscriminately.
5. Follow a hypoallergenic diet.
6. Strengthen immunity.
7. Choose cosmetics according to age and skin condition.

By following these simple but actionable rules, you can forget about itchy skin forever and maintain health for many years.

Skin itching of the vulva or vagina can occur in any woman at different periods of life, at any age. Most often, redness, itching in the vagina is combined with the occurrence of scratching wounds, and this is already a provoking factor for possible infection with pathogenic pathogens, leading to inflammation with the formation of ulcers.

At healthy woman observing intimate hygiene, there should be no discomfort and in the case when burning and itching appear, in no case should you engage in self-diagnosis and self-treatment, you should urgently undergo an examination by a gynecologist. Since the treatment of folk remedies, without establishing the true cause that caused the discomfort, is unacceptable, stupid and reckless. Only a doctor, based on the results of the tests, will establish a diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Itching in the vaginal area is not a disease, but only a symptom of a dozen different pathological conditions of the female body, indicating that some kind of failure has occurred in the body, the development of a disease. Only after finding out which of them arose in this case, you can take action. Without a clear diagnosis based on the results of the tests, neither douching nor the use of drugs in suppositories, ointments, creams (see from its implementation) can be used.

It will change clinical picture and the results of subsequent tests will be false, which may lead to inadequate treatment and aggravation of the condition. If a woman has itching, white discharge, cheesy, an increase in their amount or discharge with a fishy smell that lasts more than 3 days, you should definitely consult a doctor. The causes of discomfort can be different - and a sexually transmitted disease, and an allergic reaction, and the body's reaction to constant long-term stress.

How to prepare for a visit to the gynecologist?

• Do not use any medications in the form of suppositories, sprays 1-2 days before the visit
• You should refrain from sexual intercourse for 1-2 days
• You should not use antibacterial agents for intimate hygiene also 1-2 days before going to the doctor, especially since you can not douche.
• On the eve of going to the doctor, in the evening it is necessary to carry out the toilet of the external genital organs with ordinary, preferably baby soap, warm water.
• It is better not to urinate 2-3 hours before the visit.

The doctor will examine, take, as well as bacterial culture for anaerobes, aerobes, fungi with the determination of sensitivity to antimicrobial agents, refer to PCR diagnostics, RIF and ELISA for sexual infections. In addition, it is advisable to take a stool test for worm eggs and for. This must be done to establish an accurate diagnosis. Only on the basis of complaints of itching in the vagina, the causes of which are different, the doctor cannot establish a diagnosis without additional research.

The main causes of severe itching in the vagina

All possible reasons can be divided into three groups:

• Gynecological diseases
• Other external and internal factors

Gynecological diseases

Burning, itching in the vagina are symptoms of almost any infectious process in the genital area. Diseases caused by opportunistic pathogens- their presence in the microflora of the vagina normally does not cause discomfort, and if provoking factors occur, they multiply, which leads to inflammation, these include:

Candidiasis of the vaginal mucosa

This is an inflammation caused by the yeast fungus Candida (Candida albicans or Monilia), it is also called thrush, yeast colpitis. In addition to severe itching, burning, it is characterized by thick, copious, curdled, white discharge ().

Bacterial vaginitis, colpitis, vulvovaginitis

When in the microflora of the vagina occurs active growth conditionally pathogenic bacteria, most often gardnerella, in addition to unpleasant itching, can be disturbed by those caused by Escherichia coli or coccal infections - these infections often occur as a mixed type, that is, candidiasis, and gardnerellosis, and other infections develop. Before menstruation, discomfort usually intensifies.

Allergy to semen

Sometimes married women who have only a single partner experience vaginal itching after unprotected intercourse due to an allergic reaction to the husband's semen. This is quite rare and is manifested by burning, redness, itching of the vulva after sexual contact. Allergy to sperm, as well as the incompatibility of the microflora of a husband and wife, can be a serious problem for a married couple, as this causes discomfort in a woman, suspicions of infidelity, and sexually transmitted diseases in each other. However, as an irritating component, there can be sperm protein itself, and possible foods, medicines that a beloved man takes. To clarify this cause of itching, special allergic tests on the husband's sperm should be taken.

Sexual infections

There is also a mass of latent sexually transmitted infections that may not show any symptoms for a long time, but with a weakened immune system, with an exacerbation of concomitant chronic diseases or viral infections, manifested by slight discomfort, burning, itching. This is possible, even if the questionable sexual contact was a long time ago, and unpleasant symptoms arose much later. These STIs include:

• Venereal diseases– The Ministry of Health of Russia identifies 5 main venereal diseases, many of which are common in some southern resort countries: gonorrhea, syphilis, venereal lymphogranuloma, soft chancre, donovanosis.
• which is often chronically relapsing.
• Trichomoniasis, which is also characterized by an unpleasant fishy smell, greenish or yellow-green frothy discharge.
• Ureaplasmosis, mycoplasmosis, for them, a similar discomfort is also a characteristic feature.
• Genital herpes, in which, in addition to severe itching around the vagina, painful rashes caused by the herpes virus cause concern.
• Genital warts or genital warts- This is a viral disease that occurs in the genital area in the form of skin outgrowths, genital warts, the causative agent of which is the human papilloma virus (see).
• As a complication of STDs, cervicitis, endometritis, urethritis can occur. Cervicitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix, either due to an STI or occurring after an injury. Endometritis is an inflammation of the uterus, with these diseases, the unpleasant sensation of the external genitalia occurs due to the release of exudate, which has irritant effect on the walls of the vagina. Urethritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the urethra, in addition to itching, it occurs.

Diseases in older women

The following list of gynecological pathologies is associated with other diseases that may be in women of reproductive age, but are most often recorded in women over 45 years of age, during menopause:

Kraurosis vulva

This is a progressive chronic atrophic process on the mucosa and skin of the vulva, associated with age-related changes. This disease is accompanied by dryness, itching at the entrance to the vagina, sclerotic changes in the clitoris, small and large genital hy6, vaginal stenosis (see).

Atrophy of the vaginal mucosa

Dryness of the vagina, labia and tingling, burning sensation can be with atrophic processes that appear with age in women. In menopausal women, the glands already secrete much less lubrication, the vaginal mucosa becomes more sensitive, discomfort, pain and itching appear during and after sex. Most often, atrophy of the mucosa in women begins during menopause, when the tissues of the vagina become thinner. ( , ). It may also occur in the background autoimmune diseases(cm. ).

Urogenital fistulas

May occur after caesarean section, after childbirth and other gynecological or urological operations. If urogenital fistulas form, it leads to inflammation of the vagina from exposure to urine during urination.

Benign or malignant tumors of the uterus, cervix, or vagina

These are polyps, fibromas, fibroids, a cyst of the Gartner's passage, oncological pathologies uterus, cervix, vagina or ovaries ().

Diseases not related to gynecology

Intoxication that occurs in almost any infectious disease can affect all organs and systems of the body, including the vaginal mucosa, as well as:

• Any allergic disease, allergic skin rash, dermatitis in the genital area can cause itching around the vagina.
• Itching of the genitals can be a symptom of diabetes (see).

If, after visiting a gynecologist, an older woman does not reveal pathological inflammatory processes, no, diabetes mellitus should be excluded, for this it is enough to take a sugar test ().

Stress, overwork

One of the reasons may be nervous fatigue, depression, stress, any prolonged emotional overload in especially sensitive, anxious women. Mental disorders, serious illness nervous system, such as peripheral or central neuropathy, any other brain damage can also be provocateurs of itching.

Diseases of the liver, kidneys, thyroid gland

Dysfunction thyroid gland, diseases of the liver (, hepatitis), kidney or blood (leukemia), anemia, can affect the entire body, including causing discomfort in the perineum.

Helminthiasis or pubic lice

Sometimes helminthiasis has an unpleasant itch both in the anus and on the eve of the vagina, so an analysis for worm eggs should also be taken during a comprehensive examination (,). Pubic lice may also contribute to this symptom.

Diseases of the digestive system

Diseases digestive system, intestinal dysbacteriosis, external and internal hemorrhoids, anal fissures, can cause pain, burning and slight itching near the vagina, since the anus and vulva are nearby ().

Cystitis

Cystitis, which is a common disease in women, often combined with genital infections, candidiasis, and often with pyelonephritis, can also cause itching of the labia and vagina ().

Blood diseases

In the human body, everything is interconnected, that any disease can be reflected in seemingly related bodies, failure in one system causes disturbances in the work of the whole organism. Especially if it oncological disease, for example, leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis, as well as cancer of the female genital organs, maybe even its early stage, which still does not manifest itself symptomatically, but already has an effect, causing discomfort in the perineum ().

Other reasons

The following are external provoking factors that contribute to the appearance of itching. If after their elimination within 3 days the symptoms of discomfort persist, you should definitely visit a gynecologist:

• With uncomfortable, narrow, synthetic, rough, low-quality underwear, a greenhouse effect is created or permanent injury to the perineum occurs.
• Due to exposure to too low or high temperatures i.e. hypothermia or overheating.
• External irritants can be various aggressive chemicals, additives, fragrances found in deodorants, soaps, shower gels, pads, toilet paper, tampons, pads, clothing dyes, washing powders. Allergic reactions can occur to any aggressive substances.
• For vaginal birth control pills(see), creams, suppositories, there may also be an inadequate reaction in a woman.
• Individual intolerance occurs in some women to the lubricant of condoms, these are the lubricants or spermicides with which they are treated, as well as to the latex itself from which they are made, this causes itching in the vagina after sex.
• Powerful stress, prolonged nervous tension is a provocateur of any failure in the body.
• Violation of the rules of intimate hygiene - a woman should wash the external genitalia without soap at least 1 time per day ( better in the morning and in the evening), as well as before and after sexual contact.
• Wrong nutrition. Passion for diets (avitaminosis and lack of trace elements weaken the immune system, worsen the regenerative properties of the skin and mucous membranes, which leads to microcracks), as well as the consumption of semi-finished products, fast food, which are rich in dyes, preservatives, stabilizers leads to allergic reactions. And also a passion for sweet, spicy, pickled foods can provoke itching.

How to get rid of discomfort?

To get rid of itching in the vagina, for starters, all possible provoking factors should be excluded - shower products, hygiene products, washing powder, contraceptives, change underwear, etc. Listen to your body, being attentive to yourself can help in establishing external cause. If discomfort persists, then you should consult a gynecologist.

It is especially important to be examined by a doctor after questionable sexual contact without the use of reliable methods of protection against infections - condoms. It should be borne in mind that latent infections, STDs are very insidious, and can manifest themselves after a very long time after infection. In the chronic course of these diseases, it is characteristic that itching increases during ovulation and menstruation, and decreases after menstruation. Treatment of STDs is carried out only after the final diagnosis - these are antibiotics, immune stimulating agents, normalizing the microflora of the vagina and intestines, vitamin therapy, physiotherapy.

Abundant curdled discharge, burning, itching, worse after intercourse or taking hygiene procedures, may be a sign of which is also very much. In our article, you can learn about the disadvantages and advantages of all known suppositories for candidiasis.

In the presence of atrophic changes in the mucosa, which occur as a result of a lack of estrogen and are accompanied by dryness, itching and burning of the vagina, estrogenic drugs are usually prescribed.

Many recommend supplementing treatment with douching - this is very controversial issue, since most gynecologists are categorically against any, potassium permanganate and other solutions. Read more about douching, its dangers and benefits, and whether to do it at all, read our article.

Most often, itching is the body's response to external stimulus that comes into contact with or comes into contact with the surface of the skin (for example, a reaction to a caustic chemical or an insect bite). In other situations, itchy sensations may be evidence of some kind of malfunction in the body or even a serious illness.

Types of pruritus

Modern medicine suggests several classifications of itching. According to the most popular, it is divided into:

• Localized (occurs in separate areas of the skin - itching in the area of ​​​​the genitals, legs, anus, etc.).
• Generalized (it is impossible to determine the localization, it covers the whole body).

In this case, itching can be acute or chronic.

Important! In 90% of cases, acute itching is evidence of disorders in the body or malfunctions of the nervous system.

Like it or not, but in most cases, itching causes a lot of inconvenience and discomfort. Ignoring it for a long time is impossible, and sometimes dangerous.
Generalized itching. In 80-90 percent of cases, it is evidence of certain diseases of organs and their systems. The most common problem is a banal allergy, but other diseases that affect the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, are also possible.

Important! In diseases of organs and their systems, constant or periodic itching sensations will be the only symptom and manifestation of the disease. Only a doctor can establish an accurate diagnosis, so you should not put off a visit to a specialist indefinitely.

Localized itching. Occurs with violations in the digestive system, elevated blood glucose levels, vascular diseases, venereal diseases, as well as helminthic infestations. Quite often, itching in certain areas of the body is caused by skin diseases such as eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis.

Unusual types of itching:

Determining the causes of itchy skin

Medicine knows for sure that itching on the body can occur when huge number all kinds of diseases. For this reason, the diagnostic procedure is a rather difficult and lengthy process. If such a problem occurs, you should consult a doctor. Ideally, see a dermatologist. In the overwhelming majority of cases, it is he who is engaged in diagnosing an unpleasant phenomenon and finding out its root causes.

Important! With itching of any etymology, any types of treatment are prescribed after the diagnosis is made and the root causes of the unpleasant phenomenon are established. Additional symptoms will help determine the causes of itchy sensations on the skin. For example, the presence of edema, redness, peeling, etc.

Causes of itching of the whole body and its individual parts

• External stimuli

Human skin contains a large number of nerve endings that perceive the slightest irritation (tactile touch, vibration, etc.). During contact with an irritant ( chemical, insects crawling on the body) itching occurs at the point of contact. It is manifested by an unbearable desire to “tear” the skin area on which contact with the irritant occurred.

• Allergy or inflammatory diseases of the epidermis

Under such circumstances, a special substance called histamine is released in the skin. It is he who causes discomfort on the surface of the skin and provokes the appearance of itching.

Additional Information. The action of most modern "antipruritic" drugs is aimed at neutralizing the effect of histamine on nerve fibers and, as a result, getting rid of itching.

• Diseases of the internal organs

Here, first of all, we are talking about diseases of the liver and biliary tract. With the above ailments, an impressive amount of bilirubin and the so-called bile acids are deposited in the skin. It is they who act as irritants and make a person languish from itchy sensations on different areas body.

• Diseases of the genitourinary system of men and women

Here, first of all, it is worth remembering about sexually transmitted diseases, which do not bypass both male and female body. In addition, itching in the genital area of ​​the representatives of the beautiful half of humanity occurs when there is a violation normal microflora vagina (growth of opportunistic bacteria is observed), colpitis, hormonal disruptions.

Additional Information. Itchy sensations in the genital area of ​​both sexes can be provoked by the well-known scabies. Itching is especially unpleasant and strongly pronounced in cases where infection occurred during unprotected sexual contact.

• Diabetes

A common ailment is associated with an uncontrolled increase in the amount of glucose in the blood, which negatively affects the protective functions of the body. As a result, we have such a situation as reduced immunity (read also -). Quite often, this leads to the development of candidiasis (the spread yeast fungus). It is he who is the "culprit" of unpleasant sensations in the genital area

The mechanism of the appearance of itching in diabetes mellitus (video)

Itching of the skin with - what should be feared? A lot of useful information in just a few minutes.

What else causes itching of the extremities and other parts of the body?

• (including as a result of the use of certain groups of cosmetics);
• insect bites;
• clothes made of synthetics or wool;
• diaper rash and irritation from sweat;
• prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light.

Itching of the lower extremities

As a rule, it is caused by fungal diseases or problems in the functioning of the vascular system.

With a fungal infection of the feet, itching occurs between the toes. Additional symptoms: peeling of the skin in the affected area, redness or cracking. Both men and women suffer from foot fungus to the same extent.

Itching in the lower leg area may indicate the presence of varicose veins. Women of the weaker sex are more likely to experience similar problem than men. In the initial stages, the disease is manifested by itching in the extremities. Later, swelling joins the itching, as well as an expanded venous network.

Itching in women in an "interesting position"

During the period of bearing a child, women quite often complain of itching in different parts of the body (in the abdomen or back) or itching throughout the body. In the vast majority of cases, it occurs in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy.

What causes itching during pregnancy:

• Overstretching of the skin on the abdomen due to the rapid growth of the uterus. Provokes discomfort in the back and abdomen. Easily removed with regular moisturizer.
• Cholelithiasis. The main manifestations are yellowing of the skin, sclera of the eyes, as well as widespread itching throughout the body.

Important! When similar symptoms should immediately seek medical attention.

• Thrush ( fungal infection genital organs) is an unpleasant phenomenon that most pregnant women face.

Note! In practice, itching in pregnant women disappears immediately after the birth of the child and does not require additional treatment.

Itchy skin after shower

Water treatments and showers refresh, give a charge of vivacity and strength. But in some cases, they cause such an unpleasant phenomenon as itching of the skin. You can get rid of the problem by identifying the root cause.

Causes of itching of the skin after bathing, not associated with diseases:

• chlorinated water. Water procedures in water with great content chlorine leads to overdrying of the skin and its tightening, which causes a lot of discomfort, discomfort and a desire to comb the whole body or its individual parts.
• Means for washing. Gels, shampoos, balms, soaps, which have aggressive ingredients in their composition, sometimes have a negative effect on sensitive skin, causing irritation and itching.
• Wearing synthetic underwear after a shower causes disturbances in heat transfer processes and, as a result, can cause itching.
• Stressful situations, as well as disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system, can cause itching after water procedures.
• Too cold water. Itching after dousing with cold water may be evidence of a so-called cold allergy.

When to see a doctor:

• the desire to comb the whole body or its individual parts does not go away for more than 2 weeks;
• unpleasant sensations "disperse" throughout the body;
• itching causes great discomfort and does not allow you to sleep at night;
• other symptoms appear: swelling or redness on the skin, fatigue, irritability, etc.

Diagnosis of pruritus

If local or general itching appears, you should not put off a visit to a dermatologist who will conduct comprehensive examination, establish the cause of itching and give recommendations for treatment and prevention.

Approximate diagnostic plan:

• general examination of the patient (including examination of the skin);
• collection of anamnesis (complaints of the patient, other symptoms);
• laboratory diagnostics and non-invasive research methods.

In addition to taking anamnesis and direct examination, most patients are assigned targeted individual examination program which may include:

• general and detailed blood test;
• blood chemistry;
• blood test for sugar and thyroid hormones;
• general analysis of feces;
• analysis of feces for helminths;
• general urine analysis;
• endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, etc.);
• radiography and ultrasound.

Analyzes and other research methods make it possible to determine the presence of an inflammatory process, allergic reactions, elevated blood glucose levels, and identify abnormalities in work gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, liver and biliary tract, as well as evaluate general state body and establish the possible causes of itchy skin. In some cases, with more serious suspicions from the doctor, the patient may be prescribed a study using tumor markers.

Treatment of skin itching includes: identifying and neutralizing the causes of itching, local treatment, general medical treatment.

Important! Before contacting a dermatologist, it is not recommended to use any drugs or take measures to neutralize itching (use antihistamines, lubricate the skin with creams or ointments). Such events at times complicate the diagnosis and delay the process of making the correct diagnosis.

Itching treatment

Local

When itching occurs Special attention should be given to hygiene. With generalized itching, it is recommended to wipe the skin with vinegar or talc-based solutions. At local itching in the genital area, washing (2 times a day) with warm water and soap will come to the rescue.

Important! In case of itching in the genital area and anus, it is necessary to wash after each act of defecation.

Pharmaceutical ointments will help relieve the discomfort associated with itching.

Note! Local funds only temporarily relieve itching or reduce its severity, but do not eliminate its root cause. Therefore, they have an "antipruritic" effect only during use.

Medical

Most often, itching of the skin causes an increase in the level of histamine in the skin. In order to reduce its concentration, the attending physician may prescribe drugs belonging to the category of antihistamines.

Pills. The most common of them are: Tavegil, Erius, Loratadin, Suprastin, Diazolin. The dosage of each drug is selected according to age.

Important! Do not forget that taking antihistamines causes drowsiness.

With a momentary reaction of the body to an irritant (for example, with an insect bite), it is enough to take one dose of the drug. If the problem persists, then the doctor determines the dosage and time of treatment.

Ointments. Allow to reduce swelling, redness and relieve itching. May contain hormones. The use of hormonal ointments should not be uncontrolled and exceed 3-5 days, because. similar drugs are addictive and can have a negative effect on some organs. Hormonal ointments are Fluorocort, Lorindent, Advantan, etc.

Among non-hormonal options, the most popular are: Nezulin, Fenistil-gel, Luan, Vitaon balm.

Additional Information. Most ointments begin to act and reduce the severity of itching after 5 minutes. after application to the skin.

home remedies

In case of unbearable itching, the following will come to the rescue:

• Cool compresses with an aqueous solution of soda.
• warm bath with a little salt.
• Pumpkin seeds. Daily use of a glass a day will relieve discomfort.
• Dill. Pour one tablespoon of seeds with a glass of boiling water and let it brew. Take tincture 1/3 cup 3 times a day.
• Sea ​​buckthorn. Long term use sea ​​buckthorn (at least a month) will forever forget about such an unpleasant phenomenon as itching.
• Decoction of herbs. health drink from burdock, plantain, nettle, mint and dill seeds will come to the aid of those who suffer from itching of various localization. How to use: 2 times a day for? glasses for a month.

To reduce the severity of itching, it is recommended to wear clothes and underwear made from natural materials. Synthetics for itching - taboo! When swimming, you must use cosmetical tools With the minimum amount additives and fragrances. Perfect option- baby soap, shampoo, lotion. After a shower, it is recommended to apply moisturizing cosmetics to the skin.

Diet is an effective and efficient assistant in the fight against itching

Quite often, certain foods are the cause of itchy sensations. Eating them in food leads to unpleasant sensations in various parts of the body. To reduce the severity of itching, it is recommended to limit the use of fatty and spicy food, as well as allergen products (citrus fruits, chocolate, alcoholic beverages). Products that should be emphasized in the diet are cereals, dairy products, lean meats, vegetables.

An approximate diet for a person struggling with itching should look like this:

• Breakfast: oatmeal or low-fat cottage cheese, boiled egg, tea, cheese sandwich.
• Lunch: apple (pear or any other non-allergenic fruit).
• Dinner: broth soup, salad fresh vegetables, steamed cutlet from lean meats, jelly (compote).
• Dinner: baked potatoes with vegetables boiled fish, tea with milk.
• Before bedtime- a glass of low-fat kefir.

Of course, this is only an approximate daily diet, which can be modified depending on the wishes and your taste preferences.

Why do people itch (video with Elena Malysheva)

Why do people itch? Itching, what is it like? Effective methods of treatment and prevention. Answers to these and other questions in a short video review.

Treatment is necessary - itching of the skin can lead to thinning of the skin, as well as various damage to the epidermis. More dangerous situation- accession of infection. Therefore, in order to avoid more serious problems, you should respond in a timely manner to the "alarm signals" of your own body and seek qualified medical help.

Next article.

Normal stool in an adult reflects the good functioning of the digestive system. This may sound like a joke, but in order to monitor your health, you also need to be able to figure out what poop should be normal and what stool changes indicate. But how many of us are aware of what should be the feces of an adult? First of all, we should be interested in:

• Bowel frequency
• The shape of the feces
• stool color

How many times do they go to the toilet for the most part?

The rate of bowel movement is one full-fledged trip to the toilet per day, when a person feels not partial, but complete bowel movement. Sometimes it's more frequent stool. Often bowel movements occur 2-3 times a day. This suggests that a person's metabolic processes are faster, or he consumed food that has a natural laxative effect. More frequent bowel movements (more than 3 times a day) indicates that you have met with diarrhea, which we will discuss below.

There is an opinion that bowel movements once every couple of days is normal, but this is a controversial issue. Having a bowel movement is the best way for the body to get rid of toxins, acids, and other unnecessary substances that may accumulate inside, so this process should ideally occur daily.

What happens cal. Stool shape (Bristol scale)

type 1 type 2 type 3 type 4 type 5 type 6 type 7

Correctly formed normal feces is a guarantee that the process of digestion of food and assimilation nutrients, as well as the removal of toxins and other waste occurs without any disturbance. The Bristol stool scale gives an idea of ​​what a healthy person's stool should look like.

Type 1: Watery stool without solid particles

Type 2: Fuzzy "fluffy" chair with torn edges

Type 3: Soft droplets with clear ragged edges (come out with ease)

Type 4: Smooth and soft sausage

Type 5: Like a sausage, but with cracks on the surface

Type 6: Sausage shape, but bumpy and lumpy

Type 7: Separate small lumps, small balls that come out with difficulty

Most the best option- Type 4. Ideal sausage-shaped feces pass out easily and smell more like overripe fruit than something terrible. The feces should be easy to stand out and gently fall into the water.

• If the feces are poorly washed off the walls of the toilet, there are not digested fats in it.
• If the feces do not sink - either a lot of gases, or fiber, or undigested fats.
• If it falls sharply and with a splash - a lack of dietary fiber.

Type 5 is better than Type 2 and 3. Diarrhea is difficult to control and its causes are sometimes not so easy to treat. Diarrhea does not absorb essential nutrients into the body.

• Mushy feces may indicate inflammatory processes in the intestines, malabsorption.
• Foamy feces - fermentation processes in the intestines.
• Lumpy stools may indicate insufficient water intake.

What color should feces be? stool color

Be aware that some foods and food coloring can change the color of your stool.

• Normal stool is medium to dark brown in color.
• If your stool is black, it may be the result of consuming currants, blueberries. Or it gets blood in the upper gastrointestinal tract - in this case, you need to see a doctor.
• Beetroot makes the color of feces reddish.
• A huge amount of greenery - green.
• Carrots and a large amount of beta-keratins make it orange.
• The gray-white color of the feces indicates such a violation as the inflow of bile into the intestines.
• Green color of feces can occur as a result of taking antibiotics, iron supplements. If green color feces is not associated with the intake of foods and drugs, then the reason is poor digestion. If the digestion process is too fast, the bile does not have time to be processed with food and turns the feces green.

Liquid stool. What to do?

If you are soft, too frequent, liquid stool for a long time, this indicates a malfunction in the gastrointestinal tract. To get rid of diarrhea, you need to understand the cause of its occurrence. Try to strengthen your stool with foods that strengthen. These are unripe bananas, applesauce, rice, fatty meat, broth, muffin, mashed potatoes.

Excellent home remedy from diarrhea - black peppercorns. Take, depending on body weight, 10-15 pieces and swallow with water.

When diarrhea lasts more than three days or there is blood in it, you need to see a doctor and do detailed analysis feces.

Constipation of the intestines

If your stool is too loose and hard on permanent basis, a doctor's consultation is essential. In case of infrequent manifestations, you need to drink more water, eat more vegetables, add foods to the diet that give a natural laxative effect. Plums, apricots help well, raw zucchini, beets, vegetable oils, prunes. If there was no stool for a couple of days, it is better to do an enema.

How to fix a chair in an adult

1. Pose in the toilet!

Toilets are a relatively recent invention of mankind. Just sitting on the toilet as if on a chair is not the best option for doing your big things. In the picture you can see that in this position the rectum is pinched, which forces us to make efforts during defecation, which puts pressure on the rectal veins. This can lead to consequences in the form of hemorrhoids and other diseases.

From an anatomically correct point of view, a person should empty the intestines on the cards. But we live in a modern civilization and are not going to get rid of the toilets, so you can get a little used to make the pose more correct. You can put your feet on a small hill. The point is to raise the legs so that the position is closer to the squatting position, when the legs are not at a right angle to the body, but at a sharper one.

2. Schedule

Enter the daily morning ritual of sitting on the toilet for 15 minutes each morning. Try to relax completely at this time, you can read something. This way you will train your body to get rid of waste every day and you will be able to establish a regular chair.

3. Drink more fluids

The body needs water for all systems in general, in particular, the large intestine needs it to form stool, which is 75% of it. People who receive enough fluids that are less prone to constipation and have normal stool.

4. More movement!

Everyone knows that a sedentary lifestyle brings few health benefits, and a person needs more movement and physical activity, including in order to go to the toilet well and have a normal stool.

5. Of course, proper nutrition!

We try to eat natural food. You need to consume enough vegetables every day, because they contain the necessary fiber that improves digestion and maintains normal stools, vegetable oils, organic meat, eggs and dairy products.

How to quietly poop in other people's toilets, at work and at a party

How to poop (Video). Malysheva