What to eat to ensure normal stool. Menu with laxative effects of products for pregnant women and breastfeeding for a week

Organs digestive system can fail at any age, regardless of gender. It is important to organize their work in a timely manner, since the most common symptom in case of intestinal diseases it is constipation. According to statistics, every tenth person suffers from constipation. Retention of stool not only causes discomfort, but can also lead to the development of serious pathologies, including malignant tumors. The functioning of the system can be improved by: medications, so folk remedies at home.

If defecation is delayed for more than three days, and discomfort, bloating and pain in the abdomen occur, we can talk about constipation and the need to improve bowel function. Doctors note three types of constipation:

• To determine the type of pathology, the tone and index of feces are assessed. With atonic syndrome, the contents are voluminous, with the first dense portion coming out with difficulty and pain, subsequent bowel movements are soft and removed freely.
• The second type is spastic, when when the intestines work, formed masses come out without discomfort. There are pains and colics in the abdomen, and flatulence is observed.
• The third type is considered chronic constipation, combines both pathologies, and is characterized by the release of caked-on lumps. Because of long delay stool masses accumulate, stretch the walls, all organs are displaced. As a result, the volume of fluid decreases by 20%, and stool becomes dry and hard.

To normalize the functioning of the digestive system, it is necessary to find out the reasons for stool retention:

1. Older men and women experience constipation due to sedentary lifestyle life. With age, the body cannot work at the same pace; less food is consumed.

2. Lack of water diet. Many people mistakenly believe that you can drink any liquid: sweet carbonated water, harmful drinks and juices.

3. Uncontrolled use of antibiotics or laxatives for constipation.

4. Unbalanced diet consists of a reduced amount of fiber and plant fibers. Also from malfunction intestines often suffer from women who try to lose weight, while forgetting about elementary rules daily diet.

5. Tumor formations, mechanical injuries of organs, stress and chronic diseases.

During pregnancy and after childbirth, women often try to deal with constipation, which has a specific etiology:

• The child grows, the uterus enlarges and compresses the intestines, blood circulation is disrupted and stagnation occurs in the pelvis.
• The level of synthesis of substances intended for peristalsis decreases during pregnancy to prevent muscle contractions and prevent the risk of losing the child. But at the same time it is necessary to normalize the stool, avoiding constipation.
• During the period after childbirth, a woman's muscles weaken pelvic floor, ruptures also interfere with regular bowel movements.

Children do not suffer from constipation so often, but this phenomenon occurs in the following cases:

1. Parents choose wrong approach while potty training a child. Fear is developed, the baby restrains the urge to defecate, which leads to intestinal dysfunction.

2. Anatomical defects, rickets, pathologies in thyroid gland, allergies, iron deficiency anemia.

3. In children breastfeeding constipation may occur when switching to artificial nutrition.

How to restore functions?

You can help the intestines and improve its functioning after determining the cause. Many people believe that the easiest way is to swallow a laxative and everything will go away. But this is a strong misconception, since the problem is not solved in the source. This is especially true for patients suffering from constipation after surgery. During pregnancy, you should also not take medications uncontrollably; the same applies to children. To find out how to improve bowel movements for constipation, here’s simple rules for home use:

1. Every day should start with exercise. Special exercises improve blood flow, strengthen muscles abdominal wall. An alternative active image life is walking, which helps restore motor skills. Long walks are especially beneficial during pregnancy.

2. After childbirth, it is often necessary to normalize the stool, since the stitches interfere with regular bowel movements. During this period, it is better to use microenemas or suppositories, eat liquid and soft foods.

3. Worse effect C-section on intestinal activity, since anesthetic drug inhibits the functioning of the organ. After surgery, medication is usually prescribed to stimulate bowel movements.

4. Do not rush to take quick-response medications. This is especially dangerous when chronic constipation, as addiction develops and you have to increase the dose. Mild products based on lactulose will help improve bowel function.

5. For atonic constipations, suppositories are used. They are absolutely harmless for children, pregnant and lactating women, are also effective after childbirth and can restore regular bowel movements.

6. Thermal procedures relieve spasms and ensure free passage of feces. This could be a relaxing bath or a non-hot heating pad on your stomach.

7. Review your diet and give up unhealthy snacks and fatty foods. spicy foods. Foods rich in fiber will be more effective and will help improve peristalsis.

8. Most known remedy for constipation - a glass of water, drunk on an empty stomach. During the day, it is necessary to ensure that the body does not suffer from a lack of fluid. To restore intestinal motility, you need to drink 30 ml of water per 1 kg of weight. Established norm 2 liters is only relevant for slim people. If a person weighs more than 70 kg, the required number of drinks increases.

Effective medicines

If constipation is persistent, it is better to consult a doctor. To establish normal stool, a specialist finds out the cause of the pathology, and then prescribes medications:

1. Prebiotics:

• Stimulates the growth of lacto- and bifidobacteria, is intended for the large intestine, is not affected gastric juice. These are drugs that act on the basis of lactulose.
• The substance is not suitable for reproduction harmful microorganisms, blocks the formation of toxic and carcinogenic products. Property fatty acids, contained in the disaccharide, helps restore intestinal motility and painless bowel movements.
• Mild laxative prebiotics - Lactusan, Prelaxan, Lactofiltrum, Maxilak, Duphalac.

2. Irritating drugs:

• Stimulates receptors in the intestinal mucosa and has quick action. During the influence, the muscles begin to contract, and a single bowel movement occurs. These products are suitable to soften stool instantly.
• The danger is that such medications force the intestinal mucosa to rush, resulting in addiction. In addition, when long-term use there is a risk of laxative disease, in which electrolyte balance is disturbed, nerve endings are degraded.
• Drugs of the irritating group: Sena, Senadexin, Regulax, Guttalax.

3. Osmotic laxatives:

• Products that help retain water and prevent it from being absorbed into the blood. They stretch the walls, creating a pushing effect. As a result, a wave of feces leaves the body after 10 hours.
• Frequent use leads to severe bloating with a characteristic rumbling sound. Although it helps to improve the functioning of the intestines, it has a strong effect on tissues, deforming them, which is not typical for the body.
• The use of the drug is accompanied by big amount water, after which the urge to urinate appears. Since this process is combined with flatulence, patients suffer from painful sensations.
• Volumetric medications include: magnesium and sodium sulfate, Fortrans, Forlax.

Unconventional means

Before resorting to taking medications, you should use natural substances that every housewife has at home. This group includes foods and herbs that help restore intestinal function:

1. Medicines do not always taste bad. You can prepare an excellent salad that will appeal to adults and children, has no contraindications, and helps normalize stool. Apples, beets and carrots are chopped in a blender or on a grater, seasoned linseed oil. This dish is eaten for breakfast or dinner.

2. As a dessert, prepare a remedy from dried fruits at home. Prunes, figs and dried apricots are passed through a meat grinder. Mix the mass, add a few drops of lemon and a couple of spoons of honey. Eat on an empty stomach in the morning.

3. Raisin decoction is prepared for children, dill water, tincture of aloe juice and bran. It is better to give the child semi-liquid porridges and soups with vegetable broth.

4. The diet should include puddings, casseroles with pumpkin, fresh lactic acid products that can improve the functioning of the digestive system. Elderly people are recommended to use seaweed, which has antisclerotic and laxative effects.

5. At home, it is good to prepare herbal decoctions, which produce a prolonged effect and can improve intestinal function. These are buckthorn bark, yarrow, nettle, licorice, hay, anise. For constipation accompanied by hemorrhoids, oak bark and chamomile are added to infusions as a healing and antiseptic agent.

People often visit bad mood, they are lethargic, irritable. This condition is accompanied by nausea, dizziness, and decreased ability to work. To improve bowel function, it is important to listen to several advice from doctors:

1. Immediately after waking up you need to drink a glass warm water with lemon and honey. Adjust the amount of fluid throughout the day. Better drink green tea, compotes and fruit drinks. Dry foods (pasta, pastries) should be avoided.

2. It’s good to eat a spoon before every meal. vegetable oil, preferably olive or flaxseed. This will help lubricate the intestinal contents and remove them faster.

3. Accustom your body to going to the toilet. To do this, determine one time, even if it doesn’t work out for several days, the nervous system will accept the signal and gradually get used to it.

4. You cannot delay the urge to defecate. With each demand, the intestines begin to work, you need to empty it.

5. Nervous stress affect the entire body as a whole, often experiences cause constipation, so it is recommended to avoid unpleasant situations. If the patient cannot cope, he is prescribed mild sedatives allowing you to relax.

6. Small morning work-out will help normalize intestinal motility. It is also good to walk at least two kilometers a day. Any physical activity, even work on a personal plot, will be favorable.

If a person suffers from constipation, nothing is more important than restoring intestinal motility. After all, the functioning of all systems depends on the functioning of this organ. For every patient there is individual approach to treatment. If constipation is a single phenomenon, you can correct the situation yourself, at home. In advanced cases the right decision will consult a doctor who will identify the cause and prescribe effective medications.

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Dense, difficult-to-pass stool is often the only but constantly recurring symptom of constipation. With chronic constipation, soft stools can be achieved, naturally, if there are no concomitant diseases, with the help of a properly selected diet.

At acute constipation diet is of secondary importance. First of all, it is necessary to soften the already accumulated feces, which will lead to bowel movements. This is achieved in several ways - by administering an enema, rectal suppositories or using medicines systemic action.

Enema

Enemas are divided into several types. To soften stool, you can use a cleansing or oil enema.

A cleansing enema is the introduction into the rectum, using an Esmarch mug, from one and a half to two liters of water or a special solution.

• Plain boiling water.
• Chamomile or mint decoction. These herbs have a calming effect and are therefore useful if you have symptoms of rectal and anal irritation.
• Acidified solution. You can take 20 ml per liter of water lemon juice or 1 ml vinegar. Acidified solutions accelerate the softening of feces and enhance intestinal motility.
• Water with the addition of two or three tablespoons of pharmaceutical glycerin or petroleum jelly.
• Hypertonic solution– 10 grams of salt or 25 grams of magnesium sulfate per liter of water. This solution attracts fluid into the rectum, but at the same time it greatly irritates the mucous membranes. Therefore, an enema with a hypertonic solution can only be done if other methods are ineffective; it is not prescribed to children.

At home, the water temperature for performing a cleansing enema should be between 20 and 25 degrees. A hypertonic solution works best if its temperature is 35-37 degrees.

Solid feces due to the fact that pushing them requires more effort, they often become provoking causes of diseases such as:

• Hernias.
• Rectal prolapse.

IN old age constant strong efforts during bowel movements lead to poor circulation, which can become immediate cause stroke or heart attack. You should not strain yourself if you have an aortic aneurysm, after abdominal surgery, or during pregnancy.

Hard stool highly undesirable in children. Even a single excretion of dense feces can lead to such painful sensations, which the baby will remember for a long time and will restrain the urge to defecate until the end. Hard stool will cause constipation.

Considering everything Negative consequences The effect of hard feces on the body is beyond doubt that they need to be softened. And this can be done both with the help of medications and by changing your usual diet.

The frequency of bowel movements can vary from three times a day to three times a week. This individual feature body. It is customary to talk about constipation in cases where defecation is difficult, the intestines are not completely emptied, a person feels discomfort in the abdomen and general weakness. In this case, stool can be daily. If visiting the toilet occurs less than once every three days, then there can be no doubt about the presence of constipation.

As you age, your risk of constipation increases. This problem cannot be ignored. Stagnation of feces leads to the reabsorption into the body of substances that should have been eliminated from it, since they are no longer useful. This affects general health person and ultimately leads to serious pathologies digestive system.

Causes of constipation

Before you understand how to improve your stool during constipation, you need to determine what caused it. The main reasons include:

1. Poor nutrition – limited amount of fiber, monotonous junk food, reduced water consumption, lack of routine.
2. Low physical activity. Weak muscles abdomen and pelvis affect the functioning of the digestive system.
3. Stress.
4. Some medications taken long-term - antidepressants, drugs containing iron, potassium or aluminum, oral contraceptives, antibiotics.
5. Diseases of the digestive system - ulcers, hemorrhoids, cholecystitis, intestinal fissures and abnormalities of its development, tumor.

Depending on the cause of constipation, it is necessary to either treat concomitant disease, or correct some aspects of your lifestyle.

It is very important to form correct image life, daily routine and psychological attitude. To do this, you should follow several rules:

1. You cannot tolerate the urge to go to the toilet and restrain this urge. With repeated delayed responses to body signals, they subsequently weaken and disappear completely.
2. You cannot be distracted by reading or other activities when visiting the toilet.
3. You should try to go to the toilet at the same time.
4. If you need to push, it is better to do it while sitting up straight, with your feet on the floor.
5. It is important to learn to relax in any life situations, avoid stressful moments, look at everything with a smile.

Diet

A special place is occupied by compliance drinking regime. Daily norm water for an adult – 30 ml per 1 kg of body weight. It is useful to start the day with a glass of water, especially if you suffer from frequent constipation. This needs to be done before the usual morning procedures, so that by breakfast it has already been absorbed. Water expands the intestines, softens its contents and promotes bowel movements.

It is important that the diet is varied and includes all types of foods daily - vegetables, fruits, meat, fish, cereals, dairy products. You should try to eat at the same time every day to develop a habit in your body. Food will be better digested, and its remains will be eliminated regularly.

The diet of a person suffering from constipation should include foods rich in dietary fiber. Such products are very useful. Their components undergo long-term processing by intestinal microflora. This promotes its cleansing, the formation of feces, and also reduces cholesterol. Nutrients better absorbed by the body. Dietary fiber rich in fruits, vegetables, dried fruits, flour products coarse. Bran has the maximum ability to absorb water. It is necessary that 30–40 g of dietary fiber be present in the diet daily.
Foods that a person suffering from constipation should eat:

• vegetables and fruits that are not susceptible heat treatment– cabbage, spinach, cucumbers, radishes, tomatoes, carrots, beets, zucchini, pumpkin, apples, grapes, melon, watermelon, bananas;
• dried fruits – dried apricots, figs, raisins, prunes;
• juices from plums, pumpkins, tomatoes, apricots, apples, cabbage, barberries;
• vegetable and butter;
• dairy products;
• greens - parsley, green onions, cilantro, dill, lettuce.

At the same time, you should limit the amount of coffee, tea, chocolate, rice, blueberries, white bread. It is better to avoid pureed foods - they negatively affect intestinal motility.

Physical activity

Physical activity is a prerequisite for the prevention and treatment of constipation. Regular morning exercises, gymnastics and movement during the day improve intestinal motility. You can start the exercises without even getting out of bed:

1. Lying on your back, forcefully pull in and push out your stomach.
2. Pull your stomach in and out, lying on your side, pulling your knees to your chest. Do the exercise on the right and left sides.
3. “Bicycle” – lying on your back, make rotational movements with your legs.
4. Apply a few pressures on the abdominal area below the navel.

These exercises can be supplemented with massage. It can also be performed lying down:

1. Circular massage of the abdomen in a clockwise direction.
2. Spiral abdominal massage clockwise. You need to start from the navel, and finish by reaching the pubis from below and solar plexus above.
3. Knead left side abdomen, moving from top to bottom.
4. Massage the little fingers alternately on both hands for a few minutes.

You can complete your morning warm-up with more active exercises: squats, walking with squats, moving on the buttocks.

Drug treatment

To treatment with special drugs should be used as a last resort. Frequent use of constipation medications may lead to reverse effect. Medicines are addictive and require increased dosage. Therefore, over time, dysbiosis develops in the intestines, and the body loses important vitamins and microelements, as absorption function is impaired. This is also typical for frequent use cleansing enemas.

Among existing drugs It is better to give preference to products based on lactulose. These include Duphalac, Exportal, Normaze, Forlax. They are characterized by a mild effect on the intestines, retain water in it and soften stool. And although the effect does not appear immediately, it is quite long-lasting. These drugs are safe for children and pregnant women; they do not cause side effects from the intestines.

There are more fast-acting remedies from constipation. These are preparations based on senna, bisacodyl, as well as drops of guttalax, slasilene and the like. Most of them cannot be used when spastic constipation, which should definitely be taken into account. They are not suitable for frequent use as they are addictive.

At acute conditions use glycerin suppositories. They are gentle on the intestines and are safe. IN extreme cases You can also use enemas, but do not abuse this procedure. It is best to make them with Vaseline, sunflower or olive oil. For spastic constipation, warming the abdomen with a heating pad or bath helps a lot.

Traditional recipes for constipation

Transition to correct regimen nutrition and physical activity It will take some time before bowel function returns to normal. At the same time, recipes based on products that maximally stimulate the excretory section of the digestive system can help with constipation:

1. Tea based carrot tops. The carrot greens are dried, ground and sifted. Brew 1 teaspoon of tops per glass of water, you can add sugar. You need to drink tea along with tea leaves on an empty stomach half an hour before breakfast. This herb can be used to season first courses. Use it for 1 month.
2. Make a mixture of 250 g of dried apricots and prunes, 1 tablespoon of senna and vegetable oil, 1 teaspoon of honey. Eat 1-6 tablespoons at night. You can store the finished mixture in the refrigerator for a week, and treat with it for up to 2 months.
3. 3 teaspoons wheat bran on water or milk overnight. For a child, the dose is 1 teaspoon.
4. Dried fruit mixture. Grind and mix 500 g of figs, prunes, dried apricots, dates, raisins with 5 tablespoons of honey. Take 3 teaspoons per day.
5. 1 glass of kefir an hour before bedtime. Fermented milk product must be fresh, at most yesterday's. You can add 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil to it.
6. Coriander, as a constant seasoning in first courses and porridges - half a teaspoon per pan.

When constipation is the result of a disrupted lifestyle, it can be successfully treated by adjusting your diet and physical activity. But a doctor’s consultation is always necessary, since this digestive disorder can also be serious symptom another disease.

Constipation (constipation) is an intestinal disorder associated with the lack of normal stool for a day or more. U healthy person The frequency of bowel movements directly depends on his lifestyle, including diet and habits.

There are several classifications of constipation. It is worth paying attention to the one that is based on a causal nature. So, the types of constipation depending on the causes of their occurrence:

• Nutritional. Occurs due to insufficient quantity fiber (plant) in the body.
• Hypokinetic. This variety constipation is typical for people who are representatives of “sedentary” professions (with low physical activity): driver, accountant, etc. The same can be applied to bedridden patients.
• Toxic. Occurs due to chemical intoxication of the body. Long-term use Some medications can also trigger this problem.
• Reflex. The causes of this type of constipation are various disorders Gastrointestinal tract.
• Endocrine. Periodic stool retention is also possible with insufficiency thyroid gland, decreased ovarian or pituitary function.
• Mechanical. Occurs when any mechanical disorders in the large intestine. These include scars, various tumors etc.

Well, it’s worth considering separately another category of constipation associated with work disorders nervous system. Oddly enough, even neurosis, depression or brain injury of various etymologies can provoke disturbances in the functioning of peristalsis.

Is it possible to normalize intestinal function without medications?

Here are a few for your attention simple exercises to improve intestinal motility:

• Vacuum. Lying on your back, forcefully pull your stomach in and out. Repeat for 1 minute.
• Vacuum on the side. Lie on your side with your knees pulled toward your chest. Repeat the first exercise. Then turn on the other side and do the vacuum again.
• Bike. Lie on your back and move your legs as if you were pedaling a bicycle.

Exercises can be supplemented with light and pleasant self-massage.

1. To begin, press several times (be careful, without excessive force) on the abdominal area located under the navel.
2. Stroke your stomach with your hand in a clockwise direction for a minute. There is no need to put pressure on it.
3. Now we make the movements somewhat more complicated by moving the hand in a spiral (the movement should start from the navel, moving first to pubic bone, and then gradually rising up to the solar plexus).

Advice. Do not forget that the hands and fingers play an important role in the functioning of the body and regular and, most importantly, correct stimulation of them will help to improve the functioning of “out of order” systems. Try massaging your little fingers on both hands every day and you will definitely feel an improvement in your intestinal motility.

An enema should be used when constipation begins to become permanent or painful. You can use an oil enema (vegetable oil is injected into the rectum) if constipation is not severe, or a hypertensive enema (if you need to get rid of constipation urgently).

You can also try it in action one of the most effective traditional methods relief from constipation:

• A nutritious mixture of dried apricots (1 tbsp), prunes (1 tbsp), hay leaf (1 tbsp) and vegetable oil (1 tbsp). Mix the ingredients thoroughly. You can add a spoonful of honey. Store in a cool place (can be in the refrigerator) for no more than 10 days. Take 1 tbsp. spoon at night.
• A fiber-rich drink. Consists of boiled rhubarb petioles and apple juice. Rhubarb roots (3 pcs.) must be crushed, brought to a puree-like consistency and mixed with 1 tbsp. apple juice. There you also need to add 1/4 lemon and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of honey.
• At night you can drink tea made from dried apples, cherries, water in which plums were boiled, etc.

The video shows several simple exercises to improve bowel function at home:

How to improve bowel movements using medications?

TO drug treatment should be used only in extreme cases when nothing else has the desired effect. The point is that when long-term use chemicals the body may simply get used to them, which will lead to the opposite effect. Moreover, dysbacteriosis will gradually appear in the intestines, and the body will begin to lose a considerable part of microelements, because the intestines will simply stop absorbing them.

When choosing suitable remedy To normalize stool, it is better to give preference to products containing lactulose. Thanks to it, the effect of the product will be soft, without a dehydrating effect.

Here is a list for your attention the best drugs to normalize intestinal motility:

To avoid recurrent constipation after getting rid of it, you must follow three simple rules:

As you can see, constipation is a problem that can be dealt with if you approach it wisely. But, more importantly, this problem can be avoided: you just need to reconsider your rhythm of life. Be healthy!