The child has frequent diarrhea and stomach pain. The child has a stomach ache and diarrhea without fever, treatment

Mental and physical formation child are two interrelated concepts. Mental health characterized by cognitive functions. Children are very grateful people, and the development of attention in children up to school age With regular practice it gives very good results.

Attention - this is not an isolated mental function. Working with a child, along with mindfulness training, involves connecting memory, will and other mental processes In total. It is advisable to develop these functions in parallel. For example, it is impossible to perceive and reproduce information if memory suffers. But a person cannot remember information if he is inattentive. In turn, attention is impossible without adequate thought processes.

Attention is necessary for a person to be able to respond in a timely manner to changing circumstances. external environment. In the process of evolution, this phenomenon developed and honed. The constituent components of the process - alertness, vigilance, readiness to act on the first signal - were constantly improved and honed by our ancestors.

In order for attention to develop, it must constantly be reinforced by responses and actions. The muscles that implement the response should be constantly trained.

All cognitive activity of the child, aimed at the object of research, consists of the following factors:

selective perception of an object;
comprehension;
speaking out loud or to oneself;
imagination;
switching from one object to another.

In order to train a child’s attention, the object of study must be attractive to him, and there is a desire to do something with it.

Types of attention

There is a division into the following types of attention:

arbitrary;
involuntary;
post-voluntary;
sensual;
intellectual;
natural;
socially conditioned.

All these types are interconnected, one flows into another under certain circumstances. To form voluntary attention, it is necessary to include work with will, thinking, and speech in training.

Functions, properties of attention

Attention performs the following tasks:

activation or inhibition of physiological and psychological functions depending on a specific need;
perception, differentiation of information coming from outside;
replacement of initial data thanks to associative thinking;
detection of an irritant, assessment of its danger to the body.

Properties of attention:

Concentration is the ability to focus on a specific object.
Distribution over several objects without compromising perception.
Intensity – the greater the interest in any activity, the higher the intensity of attention.
Resilience - the ability to remain mindful long time, engage in the study of any issue for a long time.

The amount of information a child can control in his environment demonstrates how much stimuli he can keep in focus. Normally, no more than three objects per 4-5 years. This volume is directly dependent on short-term memory, thinking, and the ability to concentrate.

Switching ability.
Ability to resist distractions.

Only that object or action that is interesting to the child at a particular time or provides some of the body’s needs can be a full-fledged object.

Methods for assessing attention

To assess functions, there are special individual and group tests and techniques. The most common ones include:

A technique for finding the beginning and end of lines in a drawing.
To assess distribution, switching, stability, and fatigue, a technique is used in which children are given the task of marking different figures in a certain way, for example, a triangle with a dot, a square with a tick, etc. The time to complete the diagnosis is 2 minutes.
In parallel, short-term memory is assessed. To do this, the child is given multi-colored pictures, asked to look for objects and arrange these images in a given sequence. And then they ask where this or that thing originally lay.

Very great importance when conducting diagnostic procedures the child has a desire to participate in them.

Violations attention

Depending on which form of inattention predominates, we talk about the following types attention disorders:

Decreased stability and concentration impede cognitive activity and lead to disruption of thought processes and learning difficulties.
Reducing volume is a quantitative indicator that allows you to concentrate on several distinctive properties of an object at the same time and navigate the street.
A significant impairment is the inability to perceive information by ear and follow verbal instructions. This disorder indicates that a person does not perceive speech as a carrier of information.
Complete lack of attention.

Borderline states occurring with impaired attention:

overwork;
stress;
spring hypovitaminosis;
social neglect;
scandals in the family;
asthenia after illness;
irregular stay fresh air, malnutrition.

Pathological conditions characterized by decreased attention:

At manic states there is an acceleration of associative processes, patients do not track events that may be happening around them due to the fact that they do not have time to concentrate on them: there is a fluttering consciousness.
With epilepsy, inertia of thinking is observed, patients get stuck in unimportant details and cannot cover all the necessary details of the object. Basic hallmark epileptic type - florid phrases, viscosity of thinking, unnecessary complications.
The consequences of traumatic brain injury and neuroinfection are manifested by interrelated disturbances of attention, decreased intelligence and other functions.
Mental retardation is characterized by difficulty switching from one task to another. When posing a new problem, children slip into the old, already familiar solution, and cannot follow the instructions received, synthesize information, or draw conclusions. There is a narrowing of the range of interests. In these patients it is impossible to develop a voluntary type of attention.
One of the first symptoms of schizophrenia is a violation of active attention, which leads to a violation cognitive activity, snatching minor details from events happening around. The child cannot focus on the designated object. He instantly switches and loses interest in what is happening.

The above pathological conditions must be diagnosed by a specialist doctor. When there is a violation, it is worth seeking advice and diagnostic search and follow the instructions received. Often, with this type of disorder, it is enough to regularly engage in sequential exercises in the development of attention in children, following certain stages.

Methods for training attention

There are different approaches and patterns for training mindfulness in childhood and adulthood. It is strongly recommended to create conditions for comfortable learning, preliminary explanation upcoming classes, positive emotional coloring, confidential communication.

Stages of attention development in children:

During the first year of life, children have only involuntary attentiveness.
By the beginning of the second year of life, research activity gradually improves - these are the beginnings of focused attention.
From the second to third years, children can follow verbal instructions, purposefully looking for the named object with their eyes.
At 4-5 years old, a child is able to follow confusing instructions. He gradually develops purposeful fixation and can firmly maintain attention not only on an object, but also analyze its properties and relationship with environmental factors.
At the age of five to six, voluntary function improves at will and under the control of self-instructions. This is clearly visible in games.
At the age of seven, volitional attention has already been formed. Its volume and stability will improve for the rest of your life.

Educational games, of which there are a great many, have a good effect. A distinctive feature of these manipulations is that children easily learn things that are colored with positive emotions and involve alternating mental and physical activity.

Lesson methods

Starting from 4-5 years, a phase of imaginary psychological well-being, or calm, begins. Now the child becomes obedient and flexible, learns with pleasure, and his enthusiasm for studying the world around him increases.

When developing attention in children 4-5 years old, it is necessary to rely on the child’s desire for independence during this period of time.

We must allow him to do some things on his own and strive to ensure that he completes the task he has started. Now is the time to give you the opportunity to express your desires and express your thoughts. An attempt to establish rules that are convenient for him will teach the child to react correctly, understand, and empathize with people.

When helping children create their own world from their fantasies on paper or from a construction set, it is necessary to strive for them to explain their goals and objectives in words and talk about heroes from their world. In this way, the formation and development of attention and speech occurs in children 4-5 years old. The person becomes the main character, the main actor and seeks the attention he lacks.

At this age, there is a desire to make friends, make new acquaintances, and communicate in a team with others like yourself. Features of the development of attention in preschool children are that the child must be given the opportunity to take part in role-playing games, for example, to a hospital, a store, a war, or to act out episodes of your favorite fairy tales. The ability to plan sequential actions, distribute roles in the game, learn to communicate, and concentrate attention are perfectly trained in this situation.

All the shortcomings in upbringing and communication defects that the child had at this time are transformed into bad habits, negative traits in behavior.

Mathematical games should take into account that children at this age are capable of the following actions:

distinguish oval, square, rectangle, etc.;
arrange the first ten digits in the desired sequence;
compare - less, more, distinguish the number of objects.

Logic tasks usually include the following techniques:

determine the differences between two pictures;
build a constructor from a sample;
put together puzzles of 4-5 parts;
7-10 minutes to do something interesting to him, without diverting his attention;
generalize objects based on similar characteristics, select words that have opposite meanings, memorize phrases;
know the names of professions and countries;
retell your favorite fairy tales;
describe various fruits, berries, vegetables;
name insects, tell about them;
see incorrectly drawn figures.

Parents and teachers must understand that a child can do something interesting for him for a long time. Therefore, a person must be warned in advance about the end of the game. It is important to be interested in children’s opinions, answer “why” questions and provide the opportunity to choose the answers themselves.

Senior preschoolers

During this period of time, when developing attention in children of senior preschool age, it is necessary to take into account that the child already has full command of the language, pronounces words correctly, and constructs sentences.

He is subject to small and large movements, generalizing words, intonation, and perception of works of art and music. Children at this age enjoy the following pastimes:

paint;
sculpt from clay, plasticine;
cut out;
glue;
make crafts, applications;
help at home.

Features of the development of younger schoolchildren

When analyzing the development of attention in children of primary school age, it is necessary to take into account that at the age of 7-8 a turning point in life occurs. This is a time of reassessment of values: old motives are replaced by new thoughts and aspirations. It is important to base attention training on the fact that play gradually ceases to be the child’s main activity. Personal development depends on the results of his studies and recognition among peers.

The moment has come when the child thinks before doing something, hides his emotions and experiences, and a loss of childish spontaneity occurs. When developing attention, the emerging sense of responsibility in children of primary school age is involved. Everything that happens around leaves an imprint on his entire later life. Functions of higher nervous activity at this age they become arbitrary and meaningful.

But external stimuli are still a strong distraction, so it is advisable to perform the following training exercises:

Forbidden letter or word: the rules are spelled out in advance that you cannot pronounce any letter or word in response to any question.
Cities and countries, when they name the capitals of countries or continue the names of cities after hearing the last letter of the previous word.
Memory and attention training - laid out on the table in a certain sequence objects are 10-15 pieces and enable the child to remember where everything is. After this, you can swap no more than 3 items. Children enjoy finding changes in the arrangement of objects.
Playing with lines where you need to trace the beginning and end without using a pencil. To enhance interest, an animal is depicted at one end of the line, and a house at the other. The children are intently looking for the animal's way to the house.
To develop stability, inanimate objects are listed and periodically an animal or flower is among them. At this moment the child should clap his hands. This fun game for several kids.
Finding the difference in pictures is one of the most favorite games among children. From time to time, the images will have to be made more complex, which will increase the effectiveness of learning.
The task of finishing or coloring the other half of the picture perfectly trains perseverance, attentiveness, and fine motor skills of the hand.

Exists a large number of exercises. It is necessary to remember that you need to alternate tasks so that the learning process is always interesting: encourage the desire to learn, teach consistent purposeful actions, strive to bring the work started to its logical conclusion and always clean up after yourself workplace or play area.

Training the muscles of the whole body, outdoor games, and morning exercises are also an integral part of mindfulness classes. Mobile “bouncers” with a ball provide an opportunity to have fun, move, and concentrate on several external stimuli.

Conclusion

The formation of attention consists of regular, everyday, purposeful activity. Classes must take place in comfortable conditions. Gradually, training situations are created in an attempt to distract the child’s attention and teach him not to react to external stimuli. Demonstration of the importance of the actions performed, the significance of the child’s work will help to instill discipline, serious attitude to classes, develop behavioral skills, improve memory and attention.

It must be remembered that against the background past infections, intoxication after infectious diseases there is a decrease in all functions nervous system. The same phenomena develop with vitamin deficiencies. To maintain the functions of the nervous system, it is necessary that the diet contains a sufficient set of vitamins and microelements. B vitamins are of particular importance, ascorbic acid, selenium, magnesium.

Parents often encounter abdominal pain and diarrhea in children. You may be concerned not only about abdominal pain, but also about fever. Every parent should know what symptoms of infectious diseases or food poisoning may bother their child. And what can be done if the child has a stomach ache and diarrhea has appeared.

Indigestion at an early age, regardless of the reasons for the development of the pathology, can be dangerous. The result is rapid dehydration. If measures are not taken to eliminate the disease in a timely manner, emergency medical attention may be required.

To determine the causes of diarrhea and pain in the abdomen, it is necessary to pay attention to the location of the pain and accompanying symptoms.

Factors causing pain in the abdomen and diarrhea in children, can be infectious and non-infectious type.

Causes of an infectious nature

Dysentery

This disease is seasonal. Most often it develops in the spring and summer. At this time, children eat a lot of vegetables and fruits, sometimes unwashed.

Children under three years of age are most susceptible to dysentery. With age and after suffering from the disease, immunity against dysentery is developed. The causes of pathology are:

violation of hygiene rules;
coming into contact with a sick person.

Incubation period lasts from one hour to several days. Then comes acute stage. It is characterized by cramping pain.

The baby is worried severe diarrhea, stool frequency can be more than 20 times a day. Feces have green color, they contain streaks of blood and mucus. In advanced stages, children begin to vomit and the temperature rises. They become lethargic and complain about headache, stomach is painful.

The diagnosis can only be made by a doctor. To do this, you will need to take a stool and blood test.

Treatment is carried out under strict bed rest. The child must adhere to a dietary diet and be prescribed antibacterial drugs.

This pathology most often affects children from six months to two years. The disease can cause mass infection. In this case, the small intestine is damaged and gastroenteritis develops. Severe diarrhea due to rotavirus infection quickly leads to dehydration.

The incubation period of the disease ranges from one to five days. The child is bothered by acute abdominal pain and weakness. Vomiting can occur either in the morning on an empty stomach or after eating or drinking water.

The baby does not eat well and loses his appetite. Temperatures can reach 38 degrees. It practically does not decrease with the use of medications. Then frequent diarrhea begins to appear, the children’s feces become yellow color with an unpleasant sour odor.

The doctor begins treatment methods for rotavirus infection. The main thing if you suspect this diagnosis is to exclude dairy products from your diet.

salmonellosis

An infectious disease that is transmitted primarily from domestic animals. Infection occurs when Salmonella enters gastrointestinal tract. The virus can reach children from adults or through animal products. Children of preschool age are most often exposed to infection.

Symptoms of the disease are:

Very heat The child has;
nausea, vomiting;
diarrhea with acute unpleasant smell with blood and food particles;
intoxication of the body;
dehydration.

Diarrhea can last up to three weeks. Especially dangerous manifestation this disease in newborns. It begins very sharply, and its course depends on the immunity of the child.

Diagnosis of the disease is carried out by a doctor. First of all, he notices a coated tongue, pain and rumbling in the abdomen on the right. To confirm the diagnosis, tests are prescribed for bacterial culture of stool and vomit. Children under one year of age are subject to mandatory hospitalization. For the rest, if the disease is not severe, hospital treatment is not required.

Gastroenteritis

This is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa and small intestine. The disease develops against the background of viral or bacterial infections.

Other reasons

In addition, the causes of gastroenteritis may be:

poisoning with chemicals, unripe fruits;
binge eating;
frequent consumption of too spicy foods.

The intensity and nature of symptoms depend on the causes of the disease. The main symptoms indicating the development of pathology:

vomiting with nausea;
muscle pain;
temperature;
weakness;
abdominal pain;
diarrhea.

The patient must be admitted to hospital. First of all, the child’s stomach is washed. The patient is on bed rest with strict diet. The transition to regular food is carried out gradually.

In addition, the child is prescribed a complex of vitamins and medications that restore intestinal microflora.

Diet-related reasons

Dyspeptic diarrhea

This is the body's reaction to wrong diet. As a result, food is poorly digested. The disease is manifested by frequent stools with mucus. Children's temperature rises to 37.5 degrees, they become capricious. The treatment used is:

compliance with the daily routine;
nutrition adjustments;
Enzymes and B vitamins are prescribed.

Toxic diarrhea

The cause of the pathology is kidney failure, which occurs due to mercury or arsenic poisoning. The disease is manifested by a strong level of intoxication.

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased salivation.

Drug-induced diarrhea

It can arise due to incorrectly chosen medications that cause dysbiosis.

food allergy

She comes from high individual intolerance certain foodstuffs. Symptoms of the pathology are:

skin inflammation;
vomiting with nausea;
colic in the intestines;
diarrhea.

Food poisoning

It occurs due to the consumption of spoiled food. Children experience sudden nausea with vomiting, which can be repeated continuously. In addition, the child is worried about diarrhea, the stomach can get very sick, there are cramps. Children in this state are very lethargic and capricious. Observed:

pale skin;
cardiopalmus;
the volume of outgoing urine decreases, it becomes dark in color.

If vomiting occurs, the first measure should be gastric lavage. For this use weak solution potassium permanganate or table salt. Treatment of a child with food poisoning is carried out in a hospital.

Until recovery, all food is steamed. It is forbidden to give children raw vegetables and fruits, juices, fatty and fried foods.

Preferably in daily diet include:

porridge on the water;
pureed vegetable soups;
crackers and yesterday's bread;
dairy products.

Often when food poisoning use traditional methods treatment:

Boil one tablespoon of fresh dill in a glass of water. After cooling, add water to a full glass and dissolve one tablespoon of honey in it. The resulting decoction is drunk 50 g half an hour before meals three times a day.
One teaspoon of marshmallow root is infused in boiling water for half an hour. Then filter and add honey, take one teaspoon four times a day.

Dysbacteriosis

This is a disease that most often occurs in children under three years of age. The reasons for its development are:

poor nutrition;
taking antibiotics;
allergic reactions to certain foods;
weakened immune system;
incorrect selection of mixture;
past infectious diseases.

The disease has no specific features. Children may have stomach pain, which is accompanied by gurgling. Diarrhea with residue undigested food. For treatment, probiotics and nutritional adjustments are prescribed.

What to do if you have abdominal pain and diarrhea

It is very important to start treatment in time to avoid dehydration and loss of vitamins.

Before the doctor arrives, you cannot:

stop breastfeeding;
give your child stool-fixing drugs or antibiotics on your own;
give painkillers, as they will disrupt the symptoms and it will be difficult to accurately determine the disease;
Do not massage the abdomen if the child has a fever.

When characteristic symptoms appear, the child must be isolated from other children. He is given personal utensils. If the temperature rises to no more than 38.5 degrees, abdominal pain and diarrhea, you must call the local pediatrician. If traces of blood are found in the feces, the child is disturbed by very severe pain, he has no urination for four hours, it is necessary to call an ambulance.

It is important to know that vomiting and diarrhea severely dehydrate the body. This can be fatal.

To prevent the patient, give drinking plenty of fluids. For this, it is best to use non-carbonated mineral water.

If your stomach often hurts during or after diarrhea in a child, this may indicate both harmless disorders and serious infectious diseases. To avoid the development of complications, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor when the first signs appear. This will help to promptly determine the cause of the pathology and begin treatment.

The gastrointestinal tract of a child in the structure of its contents differs sharply from the gastrointestinal tract of adults. From the womb of the mother, the baby emerges with a pristine intestine, in which there are neither useful nor harmful microorganisms. During the first year of life colon is actively colonized by all kinds of microflora - primarily lactic acid bacteria and fungi, which are actively involved in food fermentation and contribute to the production and absorption of vitamins. But no one guarantees that exclusively beneficial microorganisms will enter the baby’s body. Pathogens also penetrate the small and large intestines, causing local inflammation and disorders.

In the first weeks of life and liquefied frequent stool- quite normal phenomenon, because he eats exclusively liquid food, which very quickly makes its way through the intestinal lumen. Very often, the baby poops literally immediately after feeding. During this period, the child may have green stools - this is quite normal if there are no traces of mucus or blood in the stool.

When the child reaches the age of 9-12 months, the stool returns to normal, its frequency does not exceed 4-5 times a day. The feces become mushy, and with the start of feeding vegetables and fruits, they contain solid particles. This is where you need to start worrying if the baby goes to the potty frequently and fluidly. It's time to start sounding the alarm and see a doctor if the child not only has a stomach ache and diarrhea, but also has some other symptoms, for example, a fever, colic, vomiting, increased sweating of the feet and hands.

Why does my stomach hurt with diarrhea?

The intestinal walls contain pain receptors, and any pathological process almost always causes painful sensations. True, young children cannot explain where the stomach hurts in words, but usually they can point to the problem area with their pens. If the baby is holding on to the navel, then most likely the inflammation is in the stomach or small intestine. If the lower abdomen bothers you, then there is a problem with the large intestine or bladder. Severe pain in the right side is a sign acute appendicitis. In some cases, the pain syndrome is diffuse in nature, and not every adult can determine where it hurts. If the pain is not too severe, then subsides, then worsens, this may mean that the child has dysbiosis - a typical condition associated with improper colonization of the intestines with microflora or the death of some beneficial colonies of bacteria, for example, due to taking antibiotics. Moreover, antibiotics can enter a child’s body through breast milk - nursing mothers should never forget this.

What to do if your baby has diarrhea and a stomach ache?

In addition to dysbiosis, such symptoms can cause:

numerous bacterial and fungal infections;
rotaviruses and adenoviruses (popularly called “intestinal flu”);
worms and protozoa;
improperly organized breast or artificial feeding;
allergic reactions;
congenital deficiency of the enzyme lactase, necessary for processing breast milk and artificial milk formulas.

If diarrhea lasts for a long time and abdominal discomfort does not go away, it is necessary to show the child to a doctor who will collect necessary tests and prescribe treatment. If the abdominal pain is acute, the child cries, does not sleep, refuses food, and feces ah, traces of blood are found, you need to call an ambulance immediately. It is possible that the baby has an acute intestinal infection (salmonellosis, dysentery) or a dangerous helminthic infestation. Such diseases are fraught not only with dehydration typical for diarrhea, but also with general intoxication of the body, violation of the integrity of the intestinal walls, peritonitis, anemia and other life-threatening complications.

Fortunately, these dangerous diseases are rare in developed countries, and hospitals have necessary medications and equipment for them successful treatment. Much more often in the practice of parents there are cases when the baby complains of sluggish abdominal pain and he has increased gas formation, stool disorders that are not profuse in nature. Of course, communication with the pediatrician should not be shelved, but parents can help the child with means traditional medicine and some available medications that will not cause harm.

More liquid!

We have already noted more than once that when a child has diarrhea, he needs to drink, drink, and drink. If this is a baby, then it is necessary to put it to the breast more often. If the baby switched to mixtures, you should first give probiotics, which will restore the disturbed microflora. With severe diarrhea, the use of special children's rehydrators is indicated - powders diluted in water, consisting of a carefully selected complex of salts and glucose, to adjust the water and electrolyte balance.

If it is not possible to buy such a drug at a pharmacy, then at home it is easy to prepare an analogue.

500 ml boiled water(chilled);
2 tbsp. l. Sahara;
2st. l. salt;
¼ teaspoon of baking soda.
Stir until completely dissolved.

Place the prepared solution by the baby’s bed. It is advisable to put the child to bed. Active movement increases attacks of lightheadedness. And feed the child a little from a spoon every few minutes.

Give the baby a sip every 5 minutes.

Children 2-5 years old - a teaspoon every 5 minutes.

Children 6-7 years old - a dessert spoon every 5 minutes.

7-12 years – a tablespoon every 5-10 minutes.

A homemade solution, as well as a solution of Regidron or another rehydratant drug, soothes irritated intestinal walls. With a favorable set of circumstances, diarrhea and vomiting can stop without the use of drugs.

Antispasmodics and analgesics should be given to a child only after consulting a doctor who will suggest a schedule and dosage. Inadvertently giving the baby a strong painkiller can cause allergies and even drug poisoning.

Enterosorbents

For any gastrointestinal intestinal disorders ah shows enterosorbents - drugs that bind toxic products that enter the gastrointestinal tract with food or are produced pathogenic microorganisms due to the death of beneficial microflora due to weakened immunity. Sorbents do not cause allergies and are not absorbed into the blood, that is, they practically cannot harm the child in any way. Most drugs are in powder form and require dilution with water. In this regard, Enterosgel, a drug that has a jelly-like form, compares favorably with Smecta, Polysorb or Polyphepan. A child can easily swallow it from a spoon without experiencing any unpleasant sensations. Then it is advisable to take the medicine.

ethnoscience

From time immemorial, diarrhea in children has been one of the most dangerous diseases causing infant mortality. He did not spare either commoners or aristocrats - the level of sanitation in the old days was approximately the same everywhere. Healers and traditional healers tried various natural remedies combating intestinal diseases and many of these methods were subsequently recognized official medicine and became the basis of production medicines.

What will help from the arsenal of ordinary household supplies?

rice water (for 1 part washed and peeled rice, 3 parts water, cook until tender without salt and sugar);
compote of pears, bird cherry (no sugar);
starch solution (1 heaped tsp per 1 glass of water - drink every hour);
gooseberry berry pulp (150g of berries, mash well, you can add a little banana, take 1 tbsp several times a day half an hour before meals).

What other plants are effective for diarrhea and abdominal pain in children? The list is quite extensive:

blueberries;
black currant fruits;
caraway fruits;
bird cherry berries;
fennel fruits and tubers;
peppermint leaf;
sage leaf;
chicory;
plantain leaf;
chamomile flowers;
immortelle flowers;
rosehip flowers and berries;
hawthorn berries;
snakeweed rhizomes;
calamus rhizomes;
roots of cinquefoil erecta and anserina;
burnet roots;
roots of urban gravilate;
gray alder fruit;
Oak bark;
leaves and branches of sea buckthorn and others.

Blueberries, bird cherry, currants

Blueberries for diarrhea are used in dried and fresh. A tincture is made from dry extracts, and jelly is made from fresh or frozen berries (or eaten fresh). Blueberry contains tannins, which soothe irritated intestinal epithelium and reduce its permeability, which stops dehydration. Phytoncides have a detrimental effect on many pathogenic organisms: staphylococci, streptococci, dysentery pathogens. The pectin contained in the berry helps free the intestines from anaerobic bacteria that cause putrefactive processes in the intestines.

The effect of black currant berries, which also have an astringent and antibacterial effect. Currants contain a lot of vitamin C, which is powerful immunostimulant and shown when viral enteritis caused by rotaviruses and adenoviruses.

The optimal form for small children is blueberry and currant jelly (with the addition of juice that has not been subjected to heat treatment). This is both a treat and medicine for the child.

Bird cherry berries are most often combined with blueberries in a ratio of 1 to 1. The infusion is made from dried fruits. Use a glass of boiling water per spoon of the mixture. Children are given a teaspoon of infusion 3-4 times a day.

Cumin, chicory, fennel

In order to prepare a fixing infusion on cumin, take a tablespoon of crushed fruits and a glass of boiling water. They insist for a day. Then take a tablespoon 3-4 times a day. Babies are enough for a teaspoon 2-3 times a day. The taste of cumin is peculiar, but not nasty, if the baby likes the medicine, it can be used. The main thing is to make sure that there is no allergy to cumin.

An infusion of chicory or hawthorn (5 g of dry berries per cup of boiling water) will also produce healing effect. Hawthorn infusion goes very well with rosehip infusion - a storehouse of vitamins and trace elements.

Fennel is not very well known in our country, as it grows mainly in the Mediterranean. But its tubers and small grains-berries in crushed form are very useful for digestion. Fennel tinctures are capable of:

reduce bloating;
cope with muscle spasms and relieve abdominal pain;
remove the notorious irritable bowel syndrome;
increase local and general immunity in viral infections of the gastrointestinal tract.

In addition, the substances contained in fennel - effective prevention neoplasms in the intestines (for example, polyps and rectal cancer). This is not very relevant for kids, but adults may find the information useful.

Teas, tinctures, decoctions

Chamomile tea with peppermint helps well, you can add plantain leaves, sage.

Oak bark has an excellent fixing and anti-inflammatory effect. It is drunk not only for diarrhea, but also for diseases of the stomach.

Calamus extracts have remarkable antidiarrheal properties, but there is a serious limitation for the treatment of children - all pharmacy tinctures made with alcohol. For the treatment of the baby, only decoctions of dried and crushed calamus roots are used. There is even such a recipe: mix calamus root powder with honey and take a teaspoon inside. This helps with heartburn, gastritis, enteritis, colitis, and liver pathologies.

Pharmacies sell ready-made herbal teas from intestinal disorders. You can always pick up herbs that your child will like and will not cause an allergic reaction.

Let's repeat: folk remedies cannot cure acute gastrointestinal infection accompanied by profuse diarrhea and severe abdominal pain. With such symptoms, especially in a child, urgent measures should be taken immediately and an ambulance should be called.

To prevent the baby from having diarrhea and abdominal pain, in every family that has a new addition, it is necessary to strictly observe the rules of hygiene and teach the child to them from a very early age. The sooner the baby stops putting everything that has attracted his attention into his mouth and “tasting his teeth”, the less likely he is to get stomach diseases from frequent urges on the potty.

Health to you and your children!

Malfunction of the digestive system in children manifests itself in the form of diarrhea and abdominal pain. The pain can vary in intensity, it all depends on the reasons why diarrhea appears, as well as on the frequency of bowel movements.

Often, disorders in a child are accompanied by vomiting or nausea, as well as an increase in temperature. It is important to know the reasons why a child’s stomach hurts and diarrhea does not go away.

Causes in children under 2 years of age

You can determine the causes of diarrhea in a child by behavior. If a child has a stomach ache, he becomes restless, starts crying, constantly twitches his legs, and also produces gas.

Diarrhea and abdominal pain occur as a result of the following reasons:

Colic. Most often, the problem occurs in a child under 3 months, but in some cases colic can last up to a year. The child develops diarrhea and a stomach ache, but the problem quickly goes away on its own within half an hour.
Dysbacteriosis. Similar state indicates a failure of the intestinal microflora, resulting in pain, flatulence and diarrhea.
Poisoning. Often the problem is caused in small children by the introduction of complementary foods or certain products, for which the child’s body is not ready.
Intestinal obstruction. In this condition, children will have acute pain in the abdomen, vomiting, diarrhea, there may be various impurities in the feces, especially blood.

During palpation, compactions can be identified. We need the help of a surgeon to determine exact reasons and carry out treatment.

Diarrhea leads to the rapid removal of fluid from the body, and if this happens, then the child has the following symptoms:

The baby becomes lethargic.
Appear dark circles under the eyes.
Urine becomes dark in color and is rarely expelled.
The appetite worsens or the baby completely refuses to eat.
Skin covering begins to peel off and noticeably dries up.
Thirst arises.

Causes in children over 2 years old

In children from 2 years old, it is easier to determine the reasons why the stomach hurts and diarrhea appears, since such children can tell and show where it hurts, and can also roughly describe their feelings.

At an older age in a child, the reason may be as follows:

Turn climatic conditions, change of place of residence or change of regular drinking water.
Fatty foods, eating green fruits or vegetables, as well as overeating, which leads to bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhea begin to appear. In this case, the symptoms should go away within a day.
Infections. When the intestines become infected, they get inside pathogenic organisms, which are the causative agents of the problem. They can enter through dirty hands, water and food. If the infection is viral, it is transmitted through the air. The main factors of infection include abdominal pain of varying intensity, diarrhea with foam and an unpleasant odor, vomiting and fever.
Dysentery. With this diagnosis, the child begins to experience severe stomach pain, severe diarrhea, and a sharp increase in temperature.
Cholecystitis. The diagnosis indicates inflammation of the gall bladder and is accompanied by bloating, rumbling in the abdomen, and possibly diarrhea and vomiting of bile.
Pancreatitis. The condition indicates inflammation of the pancreas and is characterized by severe discomfort in the stomach, temperature. The child's skin becomes pale, everything in the mouth dries out and diarrhea begins.
Appendicitis. When the appendix is inflamed, pain begins in the navel area, after which it moves towards the abdomen, possibly frequent diarrhea, nausea.

There are other factors that cause stomach pain and diarrhea:

Regardless of the cause of the appearance of disorders and other unpleasant sensations, treatment is best carried out after consultation with a doctor.

If diarrhea and pain do not go away within 6 hours, and fever and other symptoms appear, you should immediately call an ambulance.

How to help your baby

If a child develops abdominal pain, as well as loose stools, then the main thing is not to panic and consult a doctor, but severe symptoms we need to call an ambulance.

Before the doctor’s visit, the following actions are prohibited:

Use painkillers and stool binders.
Perform abdominal massage with pressure.
Use heat in the form of compresses or heating pads.
Eliminate food.

To alleviate your child's condition, you can use the following tips:

Put the baby in bed and leave him alone until the doctors arrive.
After each bowel movement, give water or Regidron to drink to prevent dehydration. In order not to induce vomiting, there is no need to give a lot of liquid.
The use of sorbents is allowed, for example, children can be given “Smecta”, “Enterosgel” or Activated carbon.
If the temperature rises quickly, then Paracetamol is used to bring down the fever.
Be sure to adjust the child’s diet.
In order to describe the condition of the child, it is necessary to trace how often defecation occurs, what color of feces, consistency and whether there are impurities in them.

As a rule, mild disorders in compliance with the described tips will quickly normalize the baby's condition and by the evening the health should improve, and in a couple of days everything will be as before.

If, after using sorbents and drinking water, the symptoms remain for 1-2 days, then the cause is probably very serious and dangerous.

To establish a diagnosis, it is necessary to pass tests and this must be done quickly so that complications do not appear.

Treatment

After a visit to the doctor, medications may be used, which can cause diarrhea and abdominal pain in children. You will need to use medications strictly in the indicated dosage and on the recommendation of a doctor:

When diagnosing pancreatitis, Panziform, Festal, and Mezim are used.
Diagnosis of gastric achylia is treated gastric juice, as well as its substitutes.
In case of vitamin deficiency, a vitamin complex is used.
The diagnosis of dysbacteriosis is treated with the drugs “Bifidumbacterin”, “Bifikol”.
In general, for diarrhea, it is recommended to take the solution “Regidron”, “Glucosan”.
Treatment of dysentery and other intestinal infections is carried out only with antibiotics.

If you don't want to use medications, then after consultation with the doctor it will be possible to prepare and give traditional medicine to children.

They may establish abdominal pain, diarrhea and other unpleasant symptoms. To do this, it is enough to use infusions and decoctions of herbs that will relieve inflammation, kill pathogenic bacteria and will hold the stool together.

Add 20 grams of blueberries, mint and 30 grams of chamomile per liter of water. After that, leave the product under the lid to brew until the drink is warm. Children need to drink medicine 100 ml three times a day for half an hour before meals.
You can add 6 tsp per liter of boiling water. bird cherry, 4 tsp. blueberries After this, the ingredients should be left for 20 minutes in a water bath. The finished decoction should be drunk 4 times a day in a volume of 50-100 ml for each dose.
To fasten the stool, you can use dried pears and prepare compote from them, which can be given to the child in any quantity.
Potato starch is useful for diarrhea and pain. To do this you need half a glass cold water, add 1 tsp. powder, and after dissolving, give it to drink. For results, use the product 3 times a day. Also from potato starch You can make pudding or jelly, which will be more enjoyable for children to eat.
It is useful for children with diarrhea and abdominal pain to drink a decoction of pomegranate peel. To do this, use a dry crust, without white pulp, in the amount of 1 tsp, which must be poured with 250 ml of water and left to cook for a quarter of an hour. After this, the product will need to be wrapped in a blanket and left for a couple of hours. Then the drink is filtered and given to children 1 tbsp, if the child is very small, then the dosage is 1 tsp. three times a day.
It is recommended to prepare rice water, for which you only need 1 tbsp. rice and 500 ml water. The product must be boiled for 40 minutes, after which the drink is filtered, the rice is squeezed out and the child is given 70 ml every 2 hours.

Useful to cook rice porridge, no added salt or oil. Rice has big amount starch and allows you to hold feces together, envelops the walls of the gastrointestinal tract and protects them, and can also relieve inflammation.

Regardless of treatment, it is necessary to adjust nutrition, which allows children to quickly recover and normalizes stool.

Prevention

When the children's condition returns to normal, diarrhea stops, then you should use therapeutic, dietary food for a few more days.

After that, you can use preventive measures that will not allow the disorder to reappear.

To do this you need:

Monitor the hygiene of the child and the products he is going to consume. Dishes, toys, pacifiers and other items must be clean.
Nutrition should be rational, balanced and not include harmful products. It is especially important to protect children from fast food, fried and fatty foods. It is not recommended to give children processed foods, soda, chips and other foods.
You need to teach your child to drink a lot of water every day. For children, it is recommended to drink from 800 ml per day.
Parents should take care of immune system, so you can from time to time give a complex of vitamins or prepare useful folk remedies, rich in vitamins.

Also, the baby’s room should be constantly ventilated and good immunity I need to take more walks with the baby.

Using the described tips, treatment rules and preventive measures, you can not only determine the causes of indigestion and pain, but also quickly stop them, and also prevent their recurrence.

Useful video

The most common cause of illness in children is discomfort in a stomach. They occur at any age and can be caused by various factors, so only a qualified pediatrician can accurately determine the nature of the pain.

Why does my stomach hurt?

Before trying to determine the cause of pain, it is necessary to find out how intense it is and where it is localized. In case of severe pain, babies, as a rule, prefer to lie down, taking little comfortable poses. They turn and stand up, while the children are very careful, slowly. The symptom can be sharp (dagger pain), dull aching or stabbing.

To determine the cause of pain, it is important to track where its epicenter is located. So, left side peritoneum may indicate intestinal obstruction/inflammation. In addition, the pancreas is located on the left, which can also cause unpleasant symptoms. If there is pain on the right, this may also indicate problems with the intestines, but if the symptom is localized in this area, in addition, pathologies of the liver and gallbladder or tract are possible (for example, dyskinesia, cholecystitis, etc.)

If a child has a fever and a stomach ache, then an intestinal infection or appendicitis is likely. In any case, if such signs occur, parents should immediately call a doctor who can determine the cause of the baby’s illness. If, in addition to the main symptoms, there is blood in the child’s stool or vomit, this is a good reason to urgently call an ambulance.

In the navel area

The main causes of pain in the navel area are overeating or incomplete/untimely bowel movements. Treatment in this case is simple: it is necessary to reduce the amount of food given to the child, eliminate snacks between main meals, and remove fatty foods from the diet. If after this the baby still has pain around the navel, give him an enema (even if he has bowel movements often) - this will help alleviate the patient's condition. An alternative option is to give your son or daughter mild laxatives.

Other diseases that are sometimes indicated by pain below the navel are:

intestinal hernia(it is provoked by constipation, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, disruptions of the digestive process);
umbilical hernia(occurs in babies who often cry and thereby strain their tummy);
intervertebral hernia(sometimes pinched nerves in the spine cause pain below abdominal cavity);
appendicitis (this is possible if the child complains that he has pain in the lower abdomen, which is accompanied elevated temperature);
gastroduodenitis (with prolonged pain below the navel, inflammation of the gastric mucosa can be assumed; the symptom often appears after eating).

Cramping pains

If in the background normal condition health, the child experiences attacks of abdominal pain, this may indicate intussusception (invasion of one area of the intestine into another due to impaired peristalsis of the organ). Sometimes attacks are accompanied by vomiting and an increase in body temperature, while at the beginning of the disease the stool may not differ from normal. Acute cramping abdominal pain in children under 12 months is expressed by causeless crying/screaming, constant anxiety, bad dream, pressing the legs towards chest.

With intussusception, the attacks subside as abruptly as they appeared: the children calm down, begin to eat and play normally again. Periodicity pain syndrome- This is the main symptom of this disease. As the pathology develops, attacks become more frequent, becoming longer and more pronounced. As a rule, the disease affects children 6-12 months old, caused by improper introduction of complementary foods containing fruit/vegetable components.

Vomiting and diarrhea in a child

If these symptoms are not accompanied by fever, then the reasons that caused them may be great amount. When a baby has a stomach ache and diarrhea, this does not necessarily indicate the presence of any pathology (only a doctor can make an accurate diagnosis). Most common cause loose stool and nausea is E. coli, which manifests itself more often in the summer season. The reason for this is insufficient hand hygiene or eating dirty fruits.

In addition to diarrhea and vomiting, the child sometimes has a fever, dehydration begins, and sometimes there is an admixture of blood or mucus in the stool, and general state will be sluggish. When infected coli Each meal ends with a bowel movement. The cause of these symptoms may be poisoning from stale food, poisons or medications (antibiotics). In this case, symptoms appear within a couple of hours after toxins enter the body.

Sharp pain

As a rule, colic or pain in the stomach in children occurs due to intestinal obstruction. The first pathology most often occurs in children 6-12 months old and is accompanied by nausea/vomiting, the second, as a rule, is diagnosed in infants under one year old. If 2 hours after the onset of pain the child’s condition has not improved and the tummy continues to hurt, the baby should be taken to a doctor for examination.

In the morning

If a child complains of abdominal pain that occurs in the morning, there may be several reasons for this. The most common among them are:

allergy;
intestinal infection;
upset stomach;
appendicitis;
helminthic infestation.

Sometimes children have stomach ache in the morning due to nervousness associated with their reluctance to attend kindergarten/school. The reasons for this are problems with teachers and peers, so parents should talk with the child and try to find out the causes, intensity, and location of pain. If it is very strong, and the baby takes unnatural positions lying down, slowly, carefully rises and turns over, you need to show him to the pediatrician. In some cases, these signs indicate appendicitis or peritonitis.

Constant abdominal pain

The reasons why a baby often has a stomach ache can be: serious pathologies, and mild disorders of the digestive process. The most common factors causing the symptom, are:

Small children often have stomach pain, and the symptom quickly goes away on its own without causing serious consequences. Even an unwashed apple can cause pain. However, if a child has a fever and a stomach ache, this indicates the presence of a chronic or acute illness. At the same time, the children’s activity decreases, constipation or diarrhea begins, vomiting, nausea, weakness occurs, and the skin turns pale. Parents usually consult a doctor with such symptoms; they are typical for:

appendicitis;
pneumococcal or streptococcal peritonitis (inflammation of the abdominal mucosa);
acute diverticulitis (protrusion of the wall of the large intestine due to abnormal development organ);
acute cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder, in which the stomach hurts in the upper right quadrant);
acute pancreatitis(inflammation of the pancreas, which is characterized by girdle pain and mild fever);
intestinal infection (starts severe diarrhea or constipation, the stomach hurts incessantly, the temperature rises);
various infectious diseases such as acute respiratory infections, tonsillitis, measles, whooping cough (with mesadenitis abdominal lymph nodes become inflamed and the tummy begins to hurt).

When walking

After excessive exercise, vomiting, coughing, sprains sometimes occur. abdominal muscles, which results in abdominal pain when walking and running. In this case, the child’s appetite remains normal and general health does not deviate from the norm. If the stomach begins to hurt after eating fatty/fried foods, the doctor suggests dysfunction of the biliary tract, in which children complain of pain in the right hypochondrium, which manifests itself while running or walking.

At night

If a child begins to experience abdominal pain in the evening, many pathologies can be assumed. Along with diseases of the digestive tract, pain syndrome can be caused by the following factors:

It is not uncommon for a child to have stomach pain at night during adolescence and preschool age due to neuroses that arise due to difficult relationships with peers. Conflicts with classmates or teachers serve as a strong stress factor of a neurotic nature, which provokes serious consequences type acute pain at night or early in the morning (before the start of the school day).

After meal

In children, such pain sometimes indicates the presence of infection or inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, characteristic symptoms for this are a complete lack of appetite and a state of anxiety. If a child has a stomach ache after eating, be sure to show it to the doctor, since the disease will not go away on its own. In case of an acute abdomen, this should be done immediately (the symptom manifests itself as constant, severe pain). This symptom is typical for appendicitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and other dangerous pathologies.

In a newborn

Such phenomena are not uncommon in infants and, as a rule, there is no reason to panic. If a newborn has a tummy ache, he will tuck his legs in and cry loudly. Often, particular discomfort in infants is caused by gases that are formed from carbohydrates in breast milk (especially a lot of them in the initial portions). During breastfeeding, mothers need to plan their menu with special care to prevent the development of colic or food allergies in the baby. In addition, a woman must:

reduce the consumption of sweets, potatoes, pasta to a minimum;
give up coffee, chocolate, hot spices, cocoa;
fill the menu fresh fruit, greens, while citrus fruits should be consumed to a minimum;
You should eat all red berries, vegetables, and fruits with caution;
It’s better to give up beans, eggplants, bread for a while, sauerkraut, grapes, sausages.

What to do if your stomach hurts

As a rule, parents are able to eliminate the pain syndrome on their own, but this is acceptable only in cases where the symptom is not accompanied by fever or incessant vomiting. Often, a child’s tummy hurts when increased gas formation and the symptom goes away within a couple of hours after going to the toilet. In this case, there is no need to call a doctor; you just need to feed the baby liquid food and calm him down.

What to do if you have abdominal pain to alleviate your child’s condition? You cannot give any pills to your baby without a doctor's orders. It is better to give a boy or girl an enema (this does not apply to infants - they should not undergo the procedure without a doctor’s permission). If the cause of pain is constipation, supplement the child’s menu raw vegetables, apricots, apples.

If you have diarrhea, give your baby more fluids, small amounts and often. Neurotic pain is perfectly relieved by infusion of motherwort and valerian. In addition, your child should be given a glass of water before bedtime. warm milk with honey. To reduce stress, take your baby for walks in the fresh air more often, give him cold and hot shower, reduce the time you spend watching TV, and prohibit playing on the computer before bed.

What to give your child for stomach pain

Medicine for abdominal pain for children should definitely be in the first aid kit of parents. Treatment of colic and bloating involves the baby taking light medications. Their use must be agreed with your doctor. What helps with stomach pain:

Disflatil;
Espumisan;
Festal;
Enterosgel;
Mezim;
Lactovit;
Linux;
Activated carbon;
No-shpa;
Furazolidone.

First aid

If a child has a tummy ache due to impaired digestion, parents need to carefully monitor their child’s diet: exclude all gas-forming foods from the menu (milk, pickles, beans, bread, kvass, mushrooms), supplement it with fiber. What to do if an acute abdomen occurs? First aid for stomach pain is to call an ambulance. Only a doctor is able to determine the cause of acute pain and select suitable treatment. Before the ambulance arrives, you are only allowed to apply an ice pack to the baby’s stomach to alleviate his condition.

What can you eat when your stomach hurts?

Each pathology provides specific diet, which is selected by a gastroenterologist. If the cause of pain in a child is a digestive disorder or mild poisoning, it is not necessary to contact a specialist. What can you eat when your stomach hurts:

lean soups on vegetables;
liquid porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice, buckwheat);
boiled, steamed vegetables, except cabbage;
some crackers;
lean fish;
omelet, soft-boiled eggs;
lean meat (a week after poisoning);
herbal infusions, teas;
honey, jelly;
baked fruits.