A child’s loose throat is a physiological structure. Loose throat - how to treat, what the symptom means
When examining a child, parents sometimes notice that his throat looks unhealthy - red and as if loose. What does this mean?
Normally, the surface of the mucous membrane of the oropharynx is smooth, even, pale pink. If tubercles, folds, growths, etc. appear on it, they say that the child has a “loose throat.” Of course, “a child has a loose throat” is not a diagnosis, and not even medical term. But at the same time, loosening of lymphadenoid tissue - important sign, which must be taken into account when making a diagnosis and prescribing treatment. Loosening may accompany some inflammatory diseases pharynx and tonsils, which we will discuss in detail in this article.
In what cases do children with loose throat mucosa require treatment? How to determine the cause of the disease and select effective therapy? Read about all this below.
When a soggy throat is not a cause for concern
The appearance of tubercles on the surface of the mucous membrane is often observed in childhood. The reasons for this may be hypothermia, exposure to new viruses and bacteria, consumption of spices and other allergenic products nutrition, breathing polluted air, etc. In such cases, slight redness and hypertrophy of the follicles are signs immune reactions in the tissue of the tonsils. The fact is that the tonsils - immune organ. They are constantly in contact with food, water, air, reacting to potentially dangerous components. Every second, many microorganisms enter the child’s oral cavity, but thanks to the protective function of the tonsils, they do not harm health.
Since the child’s body is just developing, and it the immune system encounters many microbes for the first time, the tonsils can often look lumpy.
If there are no signs of illness ( discomfort when swallowing, soreness, fever, plaque on the tonsils, etc.), there is no need to worry. To make sure that everything is fine with your child, contact a specialist - an in-person examination will show whether any treatment is required in your particular case.
A loose red throat is a sign of acute respiratory infection
Redness, along with swelling, pain and mucus production are classic signs of inflammation. Red, soggy throat typical manifestation acute inflammatory reaction in the upper respiratory tract. Acute respiratory diseases(i.e. acute respiratory infections) that affect the throat area include:
- tonsillitis - inflammation pharyngeal tonsils;
- pharyngitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx;
- Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx.
With tonsillitis, the infection is localized in the tonsils. The tonsils (or tonsils) become inflamed - enlarged, reddened, and covered with plaque. If the tonsils are not enlarged, but the throat is red, especially the visible part of the back wall, pharyngitis occurs.
With laryngitis, the throat can be red and loose only if infectious process the pharynx retracts. It is impossible to see an inflamed larynx when examining the throat, so the diagnosis of “laryngitis” is made on the basis of external symptoms, primarily, changes in voice (hoarseness, wheezing).
Thus, a red throat with a loose surface indicates acute inflammation of the tonsils or pharynx. The child has either tonsillitis or pharyngitis.
Acute pharyngitis
Red and loose back wall child's throat a clear sign acute pharyngitis. Its symptoms:
- elevated body temperature (37C and above);
- sore throat, which may radiate to the ears;
- headache;
- swelling, loosening, redness of the visible part of the pharynx, suppuration and pinpoint hemorrhages often form;
- In children, pharyngitis is often accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, and cough.
The disease develops acutely, usually after hypothermia and contact with carriers of the infection (sick or infected children and adults). The causative agents of pharyngitis are ARVI viruses, as well as bacteria such as staphylococcus and streptococcus. The symptoms of viral and bacterial pharyngitis in children are similar, so accurate diagnosis can only be placed on the basis laboratory tests. However, this is not always resorted to - it is simply not necessary. If the condition baby's lungs or moderate severity, first of all he requires treatment local antiseptics. If necessary, anti-inflammatory drugs are also used. Overall, treatment 
includes:
- gargling with infusions medicinal herbs, warm water with salt or soda;
- use of sprays with antiseptic properties(Bioparox, Kameton, Ingalipt, Lugol) for irrigation of the oropharynx;
- sucking lozenges and throat tablets with antiseptic and analgesic effects, for example, Septolete, Strepsils and many others;
- when body temperature rises above 38.5C - antipyretics, for example, paracetamol, ibuprofen.
Antibiotics for pharyngitis are used only when severe course illness - suppuration, severe fever, which does not respond to antipyretic drugs.
During treatment, children must adhere to bed rest. Patients need plenty of warm drink, balanced diet(fresh fruits and vegetables, soups, meat, eggs, dairy products).
Acute tonsillitis
Acute tonsillitis- This is inflammation of the tonsils. Its symptoms:
- enlargement and redness of the tonsils, as well as the pharynx, soft palate and uvula;
- tuberosity of the mucous membrane of the tonsils, caused by an increase in their follicles (“loose throat”);
- acute pain in the throat, making it difficult to swallow;
- enlarged cervical lymph nodes;
- fever (in children, body temperature often reaches 39C);
- Plaque may form on the tonsils in the form of dots, spots, or films.
Tonsillitis can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Acute tonsillitis caused by bacterial infection, called sore throat. Among bacterial pathogens, the most common is streptococcus. Streptococcal sore throat must be treated with antibiotics, and a viral infection with 
antiviral agents.
The doctor decides whether to include antibiotics in the treatment plan. You should not refuse antibiotics if they are prescribed - untreated sore throat often leads to complications in the heart, joints and kidneys.
In addition to antibiotics or antiviral drugs Treatment for tonsillitis should include antiseptic drugs For local therapy(rinsing and treating tonsils). You can use the same remedies that are prescribed for pharyngitis. In addition, for tonsillitis with loosening of the tonsils, resorption of tablets is indicated to restore the structure and functions of lymphadenoid tissue. These include the drug Tonsilotren.
Chronic inflammation is the cause of loosening of the mucous membrane
Chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract are caused by indolent infections that affect the tissues of the pharynx, tonsils and other organs. Chronic inflammation is often a consequence of improper treatment of acute respiratory diseases (sore throat, pharyngitis, etc.).
Chronic pharyngitis is a sluggish, periodically exacerbating inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa. With chronic granulosa pharyngitis, changes in the structure of the mucous membrane are observed - its surface is covered with nodules, bumps, folds and necrotic areas are formed.
With chronic pharyngitis, the throat looks “loose”, while the child may not complain of a sore throat or feeling unwell.
How to understand that a child has chronic pharyngitis:
- frequent coughing, especially in the morning (caused by the need to constantly cough up accumulated mucus);
- bad breath;
- the child may complain of a dry throat;
- decreased appetite;
- moderate enlargement of the lymph nodes under the lower jaw, pain may also be observed when touching them;
- lethargy of the child, drowsiness, fatigue.
Loose tonsils in a child are often a sign of chronic hypertrophic tonsillitis. With chronic inflammation of the tonsils, pathological changes lymphadenoid tissue - loosening, formation of cicatricial adhesions and compactions. 
Changes in the appearance of lymphadenoid tissue of the tonsils – characteristic manifestation chronic tonsillitis.
In addition, the disease has the following symptoms:
- increased size of tonsils;
- the presence of plugs or pus in the lacunae of the tonsils;
- permanently enlarged cervical lymph nodes.
With exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the tonsils, symptoms characteristic of moderate angina are observed. Body temperature usually does not reach 39 C, sore throat is moderate.
Treatment chronic inflammation long-term, gradual. First of all, they destroy the infection, then relieve inflammation. After this, measures are taken to restore the structural and functional integrity of the tissue and strengthen the immune system.
Chronic infections in childhood are rare, but if a child often suffers from sore throat, and his tonsils look loose and scarred, you should consult a specialist - perhaps you are faced with chronic inflammation.
To treat a red, loose throat in a child, gargling and local disinfectants are often used. Antibiotics and traditional methods not suitable for small patients.
If an adult has been diagnosed with loose, treatment includes, in addition to rinsing and inhalation, antiviral, antibacterial or antifungal drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs. For those with chronic tonsillitis and other persistent pathologies, prevention is important to keep the throat and tonsils healthy.
Is it dangerous?
How to cure a loose throat and is there an urgent need for it? For many children and adults similar condition tonsils is normal, lymphoid tissue constantly hypertrophied, but this does not cause discomfort. If the throat is loose, but not red, then there is no inflammation in the throat and there is nothing to worry about.
Causes
Having discovered loose tonsils in the throat of yourself or your baby, which are accompanied by signs of inflammation, you should consult a specialist to determine the cause of this disorder, most often it is:
- acute tonsillitis ();
- chronic tonsillitis;
- acute or chronic pharyngitis;
- colds, bacterial, fungal or viral infections of the throat, larynx, bronchi and lungs;
- autoimmune diseases, acute allergic reaction.
Sometimes loose tonsils in a child - congenital pathology lymphoid tissue, in which its hypertrophy is observed, but it functions normally, maintaining local immunity.
Associated symptoms
To find out why the tonsils are loose, it is necessary to conduct an external examination, do bacterial culture throat swab and collect anamnesis - a set of accompanying symptoms, as they will help clarify the diagnosis.
In acute tonsillitis, enlarged tonsils and a red, loose throat in a child or adult are accompanied by severe pain when swallowing, fever, chills, weakness. A clear sign staphylococcal sore throat is a pale plaque with bad smell– purulent discharge formed due to the surface activity of bacteria.
Chronic tonsillitis is not so pronounced, there is no fever, the back wall of the throat is constantly loose in a child or an adult, the tonsils are always hypertrophied, hard plugs often fall out of them, hyperemia - there is no redness of the tissues, there is an unpleasant odor from the mouth.
Acute or chronic pharyngitis is a pathology of the mucous tissues of the throat, accompanied by fever, discomfort when swallowing or eating food. The patient observes a change in the timbre of the voice, wheezing appears, the throat is red and swollen, and sometimes vomiting occurs.
A cold, bacterial or viral infection is accompanied by fever, body aches, chills, weakness, and a white coating appears on the tonsils. During similar pathologies the patient has problems with digestive system: loss of appetite, constant nausea, bad chair.
Which doctor treats a sore throat?
If an adult or child has a red, sore throat and fever, then it’s time to contact a specialist. The baby will be treated by a pediatrician, and adult patients need to visit a therapist and otolaryngologist.
Treatment
Therapy for a loose pharynx is necessary in cases where the patient experiences tissue hyperemia, elevated temperature and other signs of pathology. You should not choose medications on your own, because to draw up a treatment regimen you need to know exact reason disorders.
In children
When the pediatrician has determined why the child has a loose throat, it is necessary to begin therapy. The main procedures for young patients are inhalations. They allow you to wash your tonsils and throat, remove excess mucus, and reduce inflammation. Used for rinsing weak solution salt and iodine, Furacilin or pharmacy tincture calendula. For inhalation, take Rotokan, saline solution or mineral water.
Antibiotics are rarely used because similar treatment A child's loose throat has a negative impact on his well-being. Sprays (Inhalipt, Tantum-Verde) and Lugol, which are used to lubricate the surface of the throat, are suitable for disinfecting the throat.
In adults
In addition to rinses, inhalations and medications for external treatment approved for children, antibiotics of the penicillin or macrolide series, antiviral (Ocilococcinum, Arbidol) and antifungal (Miramistin and similar external treatment agents) drugs, lozenges (Decatylene, Faringosept, Septolete) are added.
Adults may be prescribed physiotherapy, for example, warming the throat with ultraviolet light, as well as artificial cleansing of the tonsils - the doctor uses ultrasound to remove plugs from the tonsils and treat them with an antiseptic solution.
Prevention
Prevention should be carried out regularly (2-3 times a week) if an adult or child has a constantly loose throat, chronic tonsillitis, autoimmune diseases, frequent infectious pathologies throat. The list of supporting procedures includes:
- gargling using a solution of salt and soda in equal proportions (1 tsp per glass of water);
- rinsing with solution sea salt and iodine (for a glass of water you need 1 tbsp. salt and 5 drops pharmaceutical solution iodine);
- (2 tablets per glass of water);
- inhalation with mineral waters or pharmaceutical saline solution;
- gargling with herbal decoctions(sage, chamomile, oak bark, nettle, celandine), but these procedures are suitable only for adults, because medicinal plants often cause allergies in children.
Loose throat and tonsils are a sign of an active fight by the immune system against pathogenic microorganisms, as well as an autoimmune reaction or chronic tonsillitis. To make a diagnosis, you need to contact a specialist who will conduct an examination, collect anamnesis and tests.
Therapy for adults and children is different, since many drugs are contraindicated for young patients. Holders chronic diseases throat and those who often catch throat infections should follow preventive measures so that the situation does not worsen.
Useful video about gargling
If you look at the baby's throat, you can see a slightly bumpy surface of the laryngeal mucosa. Similar phenomenon is not always a symptom of any ENT disease.
With absence accompanying symptoms parents should not sound the alarm about colds, this is quite normal physiological phenomenon. But if a child has a loose throat accompanied by pain when swallowing, redness and enlargement of the tonsils, this is a reason to consult a doctor.
The definition of "loose throat" is not a scientific term and is not used in medical practice. By and large, this is a common language, however, many doctors use it to in simple words Explain to parents the clinical picture of what is happening.
The reasons for the appearance of looseness in the throat can be different and often not dangerous, but sometimes, on the contrary, the neglect of the process of microbial reproduction leads to the chronic form of such diseases:
- tonsillitis;
- pharyngitis;
- bronchitis.
Definition
So, the tonsils consist of lymphoid tissue, which is found in large quantities when examining the throat. In this case, the tonsils contain an excess number of follicles located on the back wall of the throat. When foreign pathogenic agents enter, the follicles and tonsils begin to effectively produce lymphocytes.
They are the first sources of the immune system’s response to the appearance of pathogens:
- fungi (see);
- viruses;
- bacteria.
During the period of seasonal infections, when cold air is inhaled, microbes enter the nasopharynx and, under favorable conditions for them (hypothermia, exposure to a huge dose of infection, contact with an infected patient, overwork), they begin to actively reproduce. As a result, the child has a red, loose throat, enlarged tonsils, and this means the development of an inflammatory process, which is the beginning of ARVI, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, etc.
Interesting fact. The child’s body is in constant contact with many different microbes, which is why in children the throat is characterized by a loose mucous surface.
Causes
When a child has a loose throat during examination, there may be various reasons. An ENT doctor can diagnose the disease, taking into account the accompanying symptoms. You need to start worrying about your baby if, in addition to looseness, there is redness of the tonsils, weakness, or fever.
The main causes are the following ENT diseases:
| Name of the disease | Description |
| ARVI, cold | The most common infection that causes redness of the tonsils, looseness and sore throat. The lack of appropriate treatment can lead to the development of a more serious illness such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, pneumonia, and even tuberculosis. |
| Pharyngitis | This disease is characterized by inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa and lymphoid tissue. Occurs independently or as complications after light form ENT diseases. Accompanied by a feeling of pain when swallowing, fever, dry cough, redness of the tonsils. If the causative agent is a bacterium, ulcers are visualized on the tonsils. |
| Angina | The first symptom of a sore throat is a high temperature, which sometimes reaches 40 degrees. Children develop fever, chills, severe sore throat, and cough. Purulent lumps may form on the tonsils, which is typical for purulent sore throat. The child becomes capricious and refuses to eat. |
Attention. If a child constantly has a loose throat, this, as noted above, may be a physiological feature of the structure of the throat mucosa. Parents need to be especially observant of the health of their baby. This feature the body attracts to itself like a magnet various infections. In a loose throat, their reproduction occurs several times more actively than in a child with normal structure epithelium. Therefore, such children are recommended to have regular preventive procedures, hardening and taking vitamins.
Symptoms
Looseness of the throat is just a visual picture that the doctor observes during examination.
Symptoms of the disease can be different:
It is important for all parents with children under 7 years old to maintain the necessary microclimate in the room. It is easier for a child's body to cope with pathogenic microorganisms when humidity conditions contribute to this.
Treatment
When clinical picture looks in the following way, redness of the tonsils, purulent plaque, high fever, sore throat in a child, treatment is prescribed only by the attending physician after determining the nature and nature of the disease. The main rule for treating a throat is rest, rinsing, warm drinks and compresses.
Medications are prescribed after tests:
- laryngoscopy;
- throat swab;
- blood analysis.
Antibiotics are prescribed for severe forms of the disease. It is important to note that replacing antibacterial drugs(the price does not match, an allergic reaction has occurred, is not on sale, etc.) is strictly prohibited.
The dosage of medications is calculated depending on the individuality of the child’s body, age, weight and other characteristics. And the instructions for many antibiotics contain a general explanation of dilution and administration of the medicine.
Compliance the following tips will help you fight the disease more effectively:
- Steaming your feet with mustard is very helpful in treating throat diseases. After the procedure, it is recommended to put on socks and lie down under a warm blanket.
- The baby's nutrition should be complete and fortified. With laryngitis, there is a lack of calcium and vitamin D, which leads to a sharp reduction in muscle tissue throat. Therefore, there is a need to replenish lost substances.
- Inhalations and drinking plenty of herbs (chamomile, eucalyptus, mint, St. John's wort, calendula) will be very useful.
In addition to rinsing and inhalation, depending on the severity of the disease, a course of the following measures is prescribed:
- Physiotherapy. Magnetic therapy, laser therapy, ultrasound, and electrophoresis are effective in treating the throat. It is carried out in a course, the duration of which is from 10 to 14 days.
- Vacuum. This treatment method is carried out only by a medical specialist. Prescribed for children who have pus-filled lumps on their tonsils. A vacuum can remove pus and speed up the healing process of wounds.
Important. If a child has lumps with purulent contents, parents are strictly forbidden to remove them with their own hands or using improvised means. This procedure is quite dangerous and can only be performed in a hospital. medical worker using special tools.
If parents notice changes in the behavior of their baby, and upon examination they see a red and soggy throat in the child, you should immediately pay attention to the accompanying symptoms. First of all, measure your body temperature and observe your breathing. If all the signs indicate the presence of ENT diseases, you should definitely seek help from a doctor.
In the video below in this article, experts talk about accompanying symptoms, and what the consequences may be if treatment is not started in a timely manner.
A red, sore child's throat is a real scourge for most parents. The child is dragged to doctors, looking for all sorts of remedies and ways to reduce the number of cases of throat disease, but often everything is in vain. Famous pediatrician and TV presenter Evgeniy Komarovsky talks about why it hurts in children and what moms and dads should do about it.
Komarovsky about the problem
Everyone knows how a sore throat manifests itself. The child refuses to eat because swallowing gives him discomfort, and even giving him tea or compote is sometimes almost impossible. However, few parents imagine exactly what processes occur in the child’s body.
The mucous membrane of the larynx has a mass nerve endings, which is why the range of sensations with a sore throat is so wide - from soreness and tingling to acute pain which prevents you from speaking or eating normally. Inflammation is usually caused by viruses, less often - bacteria. There is another reason - allergens from outside (dirty air, household chemicals etc.).
According to statistics cited by Evgeniy Olegovich, 85% of cases of pain and redness in the throat are acute pharyngitis, and in some cases, sore throat. Another 5% comes from bacterial lesions. The remaining 10% is allergic reactions, external stimuli, toxic fumes, toxins, dirty air and mechanical damage larynx.
There are many reasons, but there is only one way out - to act and not wait for everything to go away on its own. Komarovsky recommends that you never ignore your baby’s complaints about his throat.
Procedure
- Peace. The best thing that mom and dad can do is to provide the child with a calm rhythm of life, exclude or significantly limit outdoor games, and make sure that the child is silent more and speaks less. This will reduce the load on the inflamed organ.
- Drink. Drinking regime should be switched to active mode, and the drink itself should be warm and plentiful. Even if it is painful for a child to swallow, you should give him a little water, a teaspoon or a tablespoon, but always in sufficient quantities.
- Microclimate. The correct climate in the apartment will contribute to recovery. There is no need to wrap your baby in several cotton blankets and place several heaters around the bed. Air temperature should not be lower than 18 and not 20 degrees, and air humidity should be at 50-70%. The second parameter is extremely important so that the mucus in the throat does not dry out, especially if the baby has a runny nose and breathes through the mouth, since drying out of the mucous membrane can cause serious inflammatory processes and complications.
- Nutrition. Food should be crushed as much as possible, for example, with a blender. It should not be thick and contain large hard fragments. Salty and sour foods and soda should be completely excluded from the diet of a sick baby.
Treatment according to Komarovsky
The best treatment is rinsing. Evgeny Olegovich claims that you can use sage grass or flowers for this pharmaceutical chamomile. However, there are several nuances here. The child should already be at the age when he knows how to gargle. Then the procedures can be repeated every 2-3 hours. Too frequent rinsing, which some mothers and fathers “sin” with, who believe that the more often the better, can lead to additional irritation of the larynx. Moderation is good in everything.
If the baby does not know how to gargle, Komarovsky advises not to torment him, but to use pharmaceutical antiseptics, which can be given in the form of a lozenge or splashed into the throat. One of the safest and effective drugs Evgeny Komarovsky calls it “Faringosept”, but these tablets are not suitable for children under 3 years old, since they practically do not know how to dissolve the drug, and strive to chew it as quickly as possible.
A compress for a sore throat is a rather questionable method, says Komarovsky, since it can cause much more harm than potential benefit. For example, warm compresses for sore throat - Right way go to the hospital and take a long time to treat severe inflammation, which became worse after the throat warmed up. Compresses should absolutely not be given to children who have an elevated body temperature.
Doctor Komarovsky will tell you how to properly treat a sore throat in the next video.
Causes for concern
Evgeny Komarovsky warns that sore throat is a serious symptom, and it doesn’t always make sense to try to cope with the problem on your own.
You need to call a doctor as soon as possible if the child has a high temperature (above 38°), if the child has difficulty breathing, if the ear also hurts, severe wheezing appears when inhaling, or nausea appears.
Urgent medical care requires a sharp increase in the size of the tonsils, the appearance white plaque on them, as well as the appearance of pain and some swelling in the joints, severe headaches, and rash. So, if it’s just scratchy, you can rinse it. If there are additional symptoms- call a doctor.
Red throat and loose throat
If the doctor says “red throat,” sensible parents who remember anatomy lessons at school should clarify what exactly they are talking about. The larynx, trachea, muscles, and the initial section of the esophagus can turn red during inflammation. Accordingly, such a “red throat” needs to be treated in different ways. It is impossible to make a correct diagnosis based on redness alone, says Komarovsky. It is imperative to analyze the accompanying symptoms.
If a child has a sore throat and the diagnosis is confirmed, it may require treatment with antibiotics.
In all other cases, Komarovsky does not advise rushing into therapy at all. Perhaps you just need to give your throat a rest, don’t scream, don’t talk loudly, and everything will return to normal. The fact is that the baby’s tender throat can turn red from a loud cry. In this case, it should be treated only with rest. If the redness was preceded by an injury or burn, you can immediately start rinsing, but do not saline solution, as most parents believe, but exclusively with herbal decoctions. Salt may increase irritation.
The doctor's diagnosis is “loose throat”, which mothers often hear from their local pediatricians does not exist in medicine at all. This is a pseudo-medical semi-diagnosis, Komarovsky believes. Doctors say this when they observe an excess amount of lymphoid tissue during examination. And, as a rule, this term is used when talking about chronic tonsillitis. In this situation, it is not streptococci, not fungus or viruses that are “to blame” for everything, but weak local immunity.
When else can your throat hurt?
In babies under 1 year of age, the most common cause of sore throat is viral infections. They do not need to be treated with antibiotics, says Evgeniy Komarovsky, since antimicrobial agents, which successfully cope with bacteria, have no effect on viruses.
If a red throat is accompanied by the appearance of a rash in the form of watery blisters on the arms, legs, and also in the mouth, we can talk about the Coxsackie virus.
Throat problems accompany Infectious mononucleosis, various injuries to the larynx, which is not so uncommon, considering how often children put everything that doesn’t fit well into their mouths.
Viral lesions do not require any treatment; you can only gargle to relieve the condition a little. Usually, such ailments go away on their own in a week or a little more.
However, if the pediatrician takes a smear from the larynx and finds streptococci in it, then a diagnosis of “angina” will be made, and then there will be serious treatment antibiotics, which parents should under no circumstances refuse if they value the health of their beloved child.
Prevention
There is no special prevention for sore throat; it is entirely aimed at strengthening the child’s general immunity, says Evgeny Komarovsky. This and correct image life, and active sports, private walks on fresh air in any weather, and hardening, which can begin from birth.
You can really harden your throat in a tasty way, which boys and girls of any age will appreciate. Komarovsky recommends giving children ice cream. First a teaspoon, then a tablespoon, and then a portion. It's also good to freeze in the freezer. fruit juice and let the children suck it. It is both tasty and healthy, as it increases local immunity.
Watch Dr. Komarovsky's program about red throat - you will learn many nuances.
Unfortunately, not all children are prone to illness due to the fact that their immune system is in the process of development. It is painful for any parent to watch their child suffer from various ailments. Almost always, illnesses in children affect the throat - it becomes red, loose, scratchy, hoarseness appears, in addition to this, a fever and cough may appear. Very unpleasant situation, frankly, which requires immediate treatment. The main question that arises for parents in such a situation is that the child has a red throat: how to treat it? – Dr. Komarovsky gave many answers to it, which can be found below.
Treatment of red throat according to Komarovsky: the basics
Sometimes, when examining a child’s throat, you can find that the tonsils and pharynx have an uneven mucous membrane with a bumpy surface. Such changes are characterized by enlargement of the tonsils with big amount recesses.
The tubercles themselves are pink-yellow or pink in color. This phenomenon is called a child's sore throat. This is not a medical term, but a “folk” one.
Often, with a loose throat, there are no signs of inflammation, such as high fever, pain, plaque on the tonsils and drowsiness. In this case no special reasons for concern. But if the baby’s tonsils are loose, you should find out what exactly provoked this condition.
Often in the first years of life in children, the mucous membrane of the throat reacts to environment and is a reaction of the immune system. It is worth noting that every person's pharynx contains lymphatic tissue, and its concentration forms the follicles that dot the back wall. When hit various kinds microbes through the nasopharynx begin the process of their rapid reproduction, which is the cause of the appearance of a loose throat.
During the inflammatory process, the body produces lymphocytes, which are immune cells. In the process of their production, redness of the tonsils is observed, they increase in size, and the mucous membrane becomes uneven. By appearance loose tonsils are like a sponge.
Because of children's body constantly meets and gets acquainted with new microorganisms that surround us; this symptom often manifests itself in children. In medicine, this condition is considered normal in the vast majority of cases and does not require treatment. In addition, the tonsils can be enlarged after an infectious disease.
A loose throat is visually determined by parents or a doctor when examining a child. However, signs of the disease itself can manifest themselves in different ways.
- Foul smell. Due to the fact that the tonsils have an uneven surface, food can be retained in them. As a result, bacteria begin to spread, which leads to an unpleasant odor from the mouth.
- Painful sensations. The development of infection leads to a sore throat, which is especially acute when swallowing.
- Headache. Due to swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa, breathing becomes difficult, which is accompanied by general weakness and headaches.
- Temperature increase.
- Lethargy. The active development of infection in the body leads to its weakening. The child cannot breathe fully during sleep, so he quickly gets tired and looks lethargic.
A red, loose throat in children does not require therapy if there are no accompanying symptoms of the disease. In certain cases, this condition may indicate initial stage development of infection.
Loose tonsils may be associated with the following diseases:
- colds, ARVI;
- tonsillitis;
- sore throat;
- pharyngitis.
Treatment traditional means It is required only in certain cases, so at the first signs of illness you should contact a medical facility. Therapy at home is acceptable if colds or ARVI. They are accompanied by symptoms such as runny nose, pain when swallowing, and a slight increase in temperature.
IN mandatory You should consult a doctor if the loose surface of your child’s throat is combined with the following manifestations:
- severe redness of the mucous membrane;
- discomfort when swallowing;
- soreness in the throat;
- the presence of plaque and plugs of pus on the tonsils;
- an increase in the size of the lymph nodes under the neck;
- high temperature;
- the presence of a film on the walls of the throat.
In such cases, a series of studies are prescribed to determine the type of infection and the optimal treatment tactics are selected.
Antibiotic therapy is often required.
Parents should be wary if the baby gets tired quickly, is lethargic, or feels unwell throughout long period, but there are no apparent reasons for this. This behavior requires immediate consultation with a doctor, since such symptoms may be the cause of chronic tonsillitis. When diagnosing of this disease There is a soft palate, swelling of the tonsils, accumulation of pus and yellowish-white plaque.
A sore throat can also mean a sore throat. chronic form. This disease is quite specific and often causes problems that are caused by disruption of other organs. Chronic sore throat needs to be treated. Pharyngoscopy is used as a diagnosis.
With such a phenomenon as loose tonsils in a child, treatment requires individual approach. Tactics are determined after full diagnostics with the surrender of all necessary tests. A throat swab must be taken to determine the nature of the disease and the resistance of bacteria to certain medications.
Lightweight and average degree pathologies do not require hospitalization and can be easily managed at home. To do this, it is enough to take care of a moderate regime and drinking plenty of fluids. The doctor may also recommend rinsing, which removes plugs of pus from the tonsils and reduces their swelling. Usually, similar procedure carried out in medical anticipation.
You can rinse with herbal solutions at home. Most effective option– products based on calendula. To prepare it you will need one spoon of tincture and a glass of warm boiled water. To relieve swelling of the tonsils, it is recommended to gradually reduce the temperature of the rinsing water. Thus, the effect of hardening the child’s throat is achieved.
If the throat is not red and the baby does not complain of pain when swallowing, then you should not use antiseptic drugs. In such a situation, it is better to rinse the affected area with a salt solution.
This product relieves inflammation well and removes plaque. To prepare it, you need to dilute one large spoon of sea salt in a glass of water. If the disease worsens, rinse every 30 minutes.
At loose tonsils Cleaning of the tonsils is also prescribed. It can be done in the hospital using ultrasound or at home using a small spoon. Before the procedure, you need to treat your throat antiseptic to prevent the spread of infection.
More severe forms diseases require the use of ultraviolet, laser or ultrasound. Last method is the most effective. In most cases positive result Treatment is achieved by removing pus from the lacunae of the glands. All procedures of this kind are aimed at full recovery and preventing surgery.
Sometimes with frequent and severe inflammation tonsils require removal. But this is a last resort. The fact is that the tonsils do protective function. This way they prevent pathogenic microbes from entering our body. Their removal promotes the development of various infectious diseases. That is why it is important to determine the cause of a loose throat and eliminate it in time with conservative treatment.
If a child has a predisposition to these types of diseases, it is important to prevent their development. The main goal is to increase immunity and reduce the possibility of developing a throat infection. To do this, you need to maintain oral hygiene, because pathogenic microorganisms often reproduce on the teeth and tongue.
It is also necessary to periodically visit an otolaryngologist, who will carry out preventive washing of the palatal lacunae. If for some reason it is not possible to see a doctor, then you can rinse the tonsils yourself with a solution of furatsilin. It has a detrimental effect on streptococcal and staphylococcal infection, which can cause the development of an inflammatory process in the tissues of the nasopharynx.
Alternation is acceptable medical solutions with herbal decoctions. To prepare them, it is recommended to use chamomile, sage or calendula. It is necessary to rinse for four weeks, then take a break for the same amount of time.
It is important to ensure an optimal indoor microclimate so that the child’s body can quickly cope with pathogens. Dry mucous membrane is a favorable environment for the development of bacteria in it, so it is necessary:
- drink often;
- provide daily walks;
- organize wet cleaning in the child’s room more often and ventilate regularly;
- Monitor the humidity level in the room where the baby is.
All children, regardless of whether they have a loose throat or not, are recommended to undergo hardening different ways in order to strengthen local immunity.
Normally, the surface of the mucous membrane of the oropharynx is smooth, even, and pale pink in color. If tubercles, folds, growths, etc. appear on it, they say that the child has a “loose throat.” Of course, “a child has a loose throat” is not a diagnosis, or even a medical term. But at the same time, loosening of lymphadenoid tissue is an important sign that must be taken into account when making a diagnosis and prescribing treatment. Loosening can accompany some inflammatory diseases of the pharynx and tonsils, which we will discuss in detail in this article.
In what cases do children with loose throat mucosa require treatment? How to determine the cause of the disease and select effective therapy? Read about all this below.
The appearance of tubercles on the surface of the mucous membrane is often observed in childhood. The reasons for this may be hypothermia, exposure to new viruses and bacteria, consumption of spices and other allergenic foods, breathing polluted air, etc. In such cases, slight redness and hypertrophy of the follicles are signs of immune reactions in the tonsil tissue. The fact is that the tonsils are an immune organ. They are constantly in contact with food, water, air, reacting to potentially dangerous components. Every second, many microorganisms enter the child’s oral cavity, but thanks to the protective function of the tonsils, they do not harm health.
Because your baby's body is just developing and its immune system is encountering many germs for the first time, the tonsils can often look lumpy.
If there are no signs of illness (discomfort when swallowing, soreness, fever, plaque on the tonsils, etc.), there is no need to worry. To make sure that everything is fine with your child, contact a specialist - an in-person examination will show whether any treatment is required in your particular case.
Redness, along with swelling, pain and mucus production are classic signs of inflammation. A red, loose throat is a typical manifestation of an acute inflammatory reaction in the upper respiratory tract. Acute respiratory diseases (i.e. acute respiratory infections) that affect the throat area include:
- tonsillitis - inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsils;
- pharyngitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx;
- Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx.
With tonsillitis, the infection is localized in the tonsils. The tonsils (or tonsils) become inflamed - enlarged, reddened, and covered with plaque. If the tonsils are not enlarged, but the throat is red, especially the visible part of the back wall, pharyngitis occurs.
With laryngitis, the throat can be red and loose only if the pharynx is involved in the infectious process. It is impossible to see an inflamed larynx when examining the throat, so the diagnosis of “laryngitis” is made on the basis of external symptoms, primarily, changes in voice (hoarseness, wheezing).
Thus, a red throat with a loose surface indicates acute inflammation of the tonsils or pharynx. The child has either tonsillitis or pharyngitis.
A red and loose back wall of a child's throat is a clear sign of acute pharyngitis. Its symptoms:
- elevated body temperature (37C and above);
- sore throat, which may radiate to the ears;
- headache;
- swelling, loosening, redness of the visible part of the pharynx, suppuration and pinpoint hemorrhages often form;
- In children, pharyngitis is often accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, and cough.
The disease develops acutely, usually after hypothermia and contact with carriers of the infection (sick or infected children and adults). The causative agents of pharyngitis are ARVI viruses, as well as bacteria such as staphylococcus and streptococcus. The symptoms of viral and bacterial pharyngitis in children are similar, so an accurate diagnosis can only be made on the basis of laboratory tests. However, this is not always resorted to - it is simply not necessary. If the child's condition is mild or moderate, first of all he requires treatment with local antiseptics. If necessary, anti-inflammatory drugs are also used. Overall, treatment 
includes:
- gargling with infusions of medicinal herbs, warm water with salt or soda;
- the use of sprays with antiseptic properties (Bioparox, Kameton, Ingalipt, Lugol) for irrigation of the oropharynx;
- sucking lozenges and throat tablets with antiseptic and analgesic effects, for example, Septolete, Strepsils and many others;
- when body temperature rises above 38.5C - antipyretics, for example, paracetamol, ibuprofen.
Antibiotics for pharyngitis are used only in severe cases of the disease - suppuration, severe fever, which does not respond to antipyretic drugs.
During treatment, children should adhere to bed rest. Patients need plenty of warm drinks, a balanced diet (fresh fruits and vegetables, soups, meat, eggs, dairy products).
Acute tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils. Its symptoms:
- enlargement and redness of the tonsils, as well as the pharynx, soft palate and uvula;
- tuberosity of the mucous membrane of the tonsils, caused by an increase in their follicles (“loose throat”);
- acute pain in the throat, making it difficult to swallow;
- enlarged cervical lymph nodes;
- fever (in children, body temperature often reaches 39C);
- Plaque may form on the tonsils in the form of dots, spots, or films.
Tonsillitis can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Acute tonsillitis caused by a bacterial infection is called tonsillitis. Among bacterial pathogens, the most common is streptococcus. Streptococcal sore throat must be treated with antibiotics, and viral sore throat with 
antiviral agents.
The doctor decides whether to include antibiotics in the treatment plan. You should not refuse antibiotics if they are prescribed - untreated sore throat often leads to complications in the heart, joints and kidneys.
In addition to antibiotics or antiviral drugs, treatment of tonsillitis should include antiseptic drugs for local therapy (rinsing and treating the tonsils). You can use the same remedies that are prescribed for pharyngitis. In addition, for tonsillitis with loosening of the tonsils, resorption of tablets is indicated to restore the structure and functions of lymphadenoid tissue. These include the drug Tonsilotren.
Follicles and tonsils – local immune defense. This means that when pathogenic microorganisms enter, they are the first to begin the fight. Produced in the glands a large number of lymphocytes, and due to this, their tissues begin to grow rapidly. In what cases does this require serious treatment and when can preventive methods be used?
Tonsils are accumulations of lymphodenoid tissue, which are located on the posterior arches of the soft palate (two palatines), posteriorly - top surface nasopharynx (pharyngeal), and at the root of the tongue (lingual). The pharyngeal mucosa also has pinpoint growths of lymphodenoid tissue. All structures together serve as a protective barrier against infection and are called the Pirogov-Waldeyer pharyngeal lymphadenoid ring.
Palatine tonsils may differ: small (similar to an almond grain), enlarged (the size of Walnut). In childhood, a hypertrophied state of the pharyngeal tonsil is usually considered the norm.
Loose tonsils (or loose throat) is one of the signs of chronic tonsillitis, an indicator of inflammation. But, on the other hand, this indicates that the body has launched mechanisms to combat pathogenic pathogens.
From frequent colds With infections, the overgrown lymphoid tissue cannot fully perform its protective function, and itself becomes a source of inflammation in the nasopharynx.
Loose tonsils are just a visual picture. It is accompanied by:
- Unpleasant odor from the mouth due to the decomposition of food debris on the tonsils.
- Sore throat
- Discomfort when swallowing.
- Increasing temperature to subfebrile (37–37.5 °C).
- Periodic headaches and malaise.
- Enlargement and sensitivity to palpation of nearby lymph nodes.
If outwardly healthy tissues are smooth, even, pink, then when they become inflamed they become covered with white-yellow purulent plaque. The surface becomes bumpy, the mucous membrane of the throat becomes red and swollen. If these external manifestations accompanied by high fever, you should consult a doctor immediately. Immediate medical attention is required.
Pathologies
Loose tonsils in a child against the background wellness not dangerous. This is normal in childhood. A growing organism, when faced with pathogenic pathogens, produces a large number of lymphocytes, and thus signals the danger of infection. The child's immune system cannot react differently.
For diseases that require urgent treatment and are accompanied by looseness of the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils, including tonsillitis, tonsillitis and others.
Angina
The most common pathology of the autumn-winter period. The cause may be general hypothermia, frozen or wet feet, or drinking cold drinks. Provoking factors:
- Weak local immunity when the tonsils cannot cope with their main task.
- Overwork.
- Past infections.
- Chronic diseases of the nasopharynx (otitis media, sinusitis, adenoids).
Sore throat begins acutely. The temperature rises sharply to 39–40 °C. Worried about fever, chills, weakness. On the second day a sore throat appears. The tonsils are loose, covered purulent accumulations, under which areas with erosion are visible. The lymph nodes enlarge and become painful. The condition is always accompanied by hoarseness and lasts about a week.
Tonsillitis (streptococcal tonsillitis)
The disease can occur independently or develop due to an inflammatory process in the nasopharynx. On initial stage gives sore throat with dry cough. Loose tonsils, reddened, with areas of suppuration or ulcers.
The disease causes regular exacerbations (5–6 times a year) against the background immunodeficiency states, general hypothermia, viral infections. The situation is aggravated by carious teeth and a deviated nasal septum.
Pharyngitis
A disease in which the posterior pharyngeal wall is involved in the inflammatory process, combining chronic tonsillitis and loose tonsils.
Symptoms:
- Sore throat.
- Dryness.
- Feeling of tightness.
- Malaise.
- Enlarged lymph nodes.
Accumulates in the oropharynx area significant amount thick mucus who clears her throat with great difficulty. Frequent episodes of pharyngitis lead to persistent proliferation of lymphodenoid tissue and increase the risk of developing rheumatism, arthritis, and kidney disease.
Treatment program
The treatment methods used for loose tonsils directly depend on the age and severity of the pathology.
On initial examination the doctor prescribes laboratory test scraping to determine the sensitivity of the flora.
Only after the type of pathogenic pathogen has been established is the necessary therapy prescribed.
If the growth in the tonsils goes away without signs acute inflammation, preventive measures are recommended:
- Frequent ventilation is required.
- Rinse and moisturize the nasal and oral cavities.
- Hardening.
- Active physical education in the fresh air, outdoor games
- Vitamin therapy.
At inflamed tonsils a course of physiotherapy is prescribed (10 days - 2 weeks). This can be ultrasound, herbal medicine, oil and alkaline inhalations, laser treatment. After active influence when the inflammation has passed, the tonsils return to regular sizes, are smoothed out.
At home, rinsing with furatsilin, chamomile, sage, calendula, salt solutions. Hardening the throat is useful. It begins with rinsing with cool water, with gradual decline temperature. To acclimate the tonsils to the cold, it is recommended to suck on small ice cubes.
In extraordinary, difficult-to-give-in conservative therapy In cases, cauterization with silver nitrate is prescribed.
Removal
When tonsil hypertrophy reaches large sizes, this means that there is a mechanical barrier to breathing, swallowing and speech production. In this case, partial excision of two growths is indicated - tonsillotomy.
But this is a last resort. To remove means to open the way for pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, after the procedure, the mucous membrane will tend to dry out, which, in turn, will lead to frequent pharyngitis and discomfort in the throat. Without protective barrier pathogenic microorganisms will freely penetrate the bronchi and lungs.
Removal of tonsils is indicated only if the damage to health exceeds their benefit, and the growths become a breeding ground for infection. The operation is prescribed when the inflammation is severe and requires antibacterial treatment more often than 4 times a year.
