How to properly prepare for the test. TSH levels are higher than normal

To diagnose a disease thyroid gland manipulations such as ultrasonography thyroid gland and be sure to analyze the hormones TTG.

It should be noted that these tests are mandatory, because without them, the endocrinologist is not able to correctly diagnose and prescribe subsequent treatment. Many do not understand medical terms, for example, TTG, the decoding of which is very simple - thyroid-stimulating hormone. Without these tests, it is impossible to determine exactly how advanced the disease is and at what stage it is. Before taking tests, you need to know how to properly prepare for them.

How to prepare for a blood test for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

The most important rule to follow is to donate blood after a full eight-hour sleep at night. Be sure to fast from 8 to 12 hours. Under this condition, the blood will be purified from harmful impurities, remaining after absorption into the blood of products after eating.

In order to understand the severity of the disease and the need for a blood test, you can imagine that ultrasound tests, palpation and anamnesis do not provide such an accurate answer to questions about the disease as a blood test. Only a blood test can give exact result and put an end to the issue of illness.

According to surveys conducted World Organization Health, only laboratory tests can give 80% of information about the disease. According to these statistics, one can understand how important blood tests are for thyroid disease.

Preparing for blood donation involves several points at once:

Necessarily short (at least 6 hours) fasting.
Donating blood for HDL and LDL is possible only after half a day of fasting.
Simple analyzes such as general analysis blood should be taken after at least an hour of fasting.
A day, or better two, refrain from drinking alcohol and smoking any kind of tobacco.
Some analyzes are given strictly in certain time days. Blood for TSH, for example, is taken strictly before 10 am.
Before donating blood from a vein, you need to relax before entering the office and sit quietly for 20 minutes without sudden movements and physical stress.
If in case of illness or other good reason the patient cannot come to the clinic himself, then you can call a paid ambulance at home. They will take blood samples and hand them over to the clinic. But, of course, it will cost a lot. TSH analysis is included in the list of tests that can be taken at home. If it is not possible to conduct research in your own laboratory, then a paid ambulance simply hand over the test tubes with blood for analysis to the clinic.
If you are already prescribed medication, then you should donate blood for analysis before starting the course. drug treatment. If you constantly take pills and cannot temporarily exclude their usual diet, be sure to notify your doctor.
After passing an x-ray or fluorography, you can not donate blood for analysis.
During menstruation, women are not allowed to donate blood for analysis.

TSH norms for different types of people

It is no secret that each person is individual in his own way and TSH norms are different for everyone. This is largely due to the fact that each person is different in body weight and features of the body. But still there are several norms that endocrinologists use to make a diagnosis.

The norm of TSH in women is in the range from 0.4 to 4 conventional units. But the norm can change values due to some factors. For example, the TSH norm in women who are breastfeeding or pregnant is considered to be 2.5 conventional units. It is rare for practitioners to call these conventional units out loud because of their difficult pronunciation. They are called µIU/mL, which stands for microinternational units per milliliter.

To know your normal TSH you need to see an endocrinologist. He can give you a referral for tests to determine the level of TSH. It is imperative for lactating and pregnant women to know these norms, since the level of TSH has a huge impact on the health of an unborn baby.

Important! If your analyzes do not suit you, do not worry, because during the day this indicator “floats”. It is possible that you simply did not pass the analysis on time. So, you passed tests for the level of TSH. Perhaps it will be low or high, or maybe it will be completely normal. In any case, do not despair, it is better to determine for yourself what consequences to expect and how to protect yourself. After all, as the saying goes, forewarned is forearmed.

TSH levels are higher than normal

If the tests showed that the level of TSH hormone is very high, then you may have hidden diseases which you may not even be aware of. These diseases include tumors and inflammatory processes, viral infection, preeclampsia (severe), hemodialysis, as well as insufficient kidney function. Naturally, all these diseases do not have to be with you, but can only begin. If you found out about the tests very late, then, most likely, some of these diseases (and maybe all together) have been killing you for a long time.

Important! During pregnancy, elevated TSH does not mean anything bad. On the contrary, quite a rare event pregnant woman with low TSH. No deviations in case of overestimated TTG are observed. If an elevated TSH level is detected, treatment should not be delayed and should be started immediately after setting accurate diagnosis endocrinologist. By postponing the treatment of the disease, you can worsen your fate by the fact that there is every chance of getting hypothyroidism.

TSH levels below normal

A low TSH may indicate the presence of toxic goiter, cancerous tumor thyroid gland or even an overdose of medications. If you do not immediately take up the treatment of low TSH levels, this can lead to such consequences as severe stress turning into hysterics or prolonged depression, Plummer's disease, education benign tumor in the thyroid gland. Normal level TSH hormones during pregnancy.

The normal level of TSH hormones during pregnancy can be considered from 0.2 to 3.5 conventional units. But they cannot be taken as accurate, since different clinical laboratories have different equipment, which, in turn, can give inaccurate test results. Therefore, doctors advise to conduct all tests in one laboratory to obtain more accurate results.

In pregnant women for up to ten weeks, the fetus does not have a thyroid gland - this means that the mother's hormones are divided into two and therefore it is necessary to monitor the level of hormones.

This is interesting! In women who bear one fetus, in 10% of cases there is reduced level hormone TSH. All women bearing two fetuses have a decrease in the level of TSH hormones.

So, it is necessary to periodically monitor the level of hormones for all people, regardless of age and health status. Moreover, control of hormones and thyroid health is necessary for all pregnant women without exception. Moreover, such important indicator like the level of TSH hormones.

Hello, Doctor! I took tests in your laboratory, please comment! We are planning a pregnancy. Prolactin 543.4 Microscope. research smear: STUDY MATERIAL - detachable vagina, detachable cervix, detachable urethra. Microscopic picture: V Epithelium of the squamous surface layer. Leukocytes-single in p/sp. Microflora-lactomorphotypes in moderate amount. C - A picture identical to the previous one. U- Cells of the vaginal and urethral epithelium. Detritus. Slime. Leukocytes-single in rare p / sp. Microflora-lactomorphotypes in meager amount. Trichomonas and gonococci were not found.

E-mail: *****@mail.ru

Dear Lapina N.! Influence on the function of the thyroid gland can only have x-ray studies using radiopaque agents. This does not apply to fluorography. You can do a hormone test (tests nos. 52, 54, 56) in a week.

Discussion is closed.

In this article, you can learn exactly how to prepare for various types of testing.

1. Blood tests

Preparation for the delivery of a general blood test

Donate blood in the morning on an empty stomach. Exclude physical and emotional overload, drinking alcohol the day before and smoking for 1 hour, diagnostic and healing procedures before taking blood. Blood donation is allowed during the day. In this case, the last meal should be no later than 3 hours before blood donation.

Preparing to donate blood for a biochemical study

It is recommended to donate blood in the morning on an empty stomach after a 10-12 hour break in eating. Do not consume chewing gum, refreshing lozenges, lozenges, etc. Can I drink still water without flavor additives and fragrances.
If necessary, blood donation is allowed during the day after a 4-hour fast.

Preparation for the analysis of lipid metabolism indicators

It is recommended to donate blood for research in the morning on an empty stomach, you can only drink water. After the last meal, at least 12, but not more than 14 hours should elapse, since some dietary blood lipids are completely digested within 12 hours.
Blood sampling must be carried out before the start of admission. medicines(if possible) or not earlier than 1-2 weeks after their cancellation. If it is impossible to cancel drugs in the direction for the study, drugs and their doses should be indicated.
The day before blood sampling, limit fatty and fried foods, do not take alcohol, and exclude heavy physical exertion.
It is not recommended to donate blood for research immediately after radiography, fluorography, ultrasound, rectal examination or physical therapy.

Preparing to donate blood for a glucose tolerance test

A glucose tolerance test is prescribed by a doctor.
To obtain objective data, it is necessary to exclude physical and emotional overload, drinking alcohol on the day before the study, smoking for 1 hour before taking the test. During the 3 days preceding the analysis, it is necessary to adhere to a normal diet, not to avoid the usual physical activity.
During the test, two blood samples are taken.
The first test is given in the morning strictly on an empty stomach after a 10-12 hour break in eating, then a load is given in the form of 75 grams of glucose dissolved in water. 2 hours after exercise, a second blood sample is taken. During the study, the patient should sit quietly or lie down. Do not use chewing gum, refreshing lozenges, lozenges, etc., do not smoke. You can drink non-carbonated water without flavorings and flavorings.

Preparation for blood donation for iron metabolism indicators

To obtain objective data, it is necessary to exclude physical and emotional overload, drinking alcohol on the day before the study, smoking for 1 hour before taking the test.
Stop taking iron supplements 5 days before the test.

Preparation of patients for the delivery of studies of the hemostasis system
(blood clotting)

To obtain objective data, it is necessary to exclude physical and emotional overload, drinking alcohol on the day before the study, smoking for 1 hour before taking the test.
Donate blood in the morning strictly on an empty stomach after a 10-12 hour break in eating. Do not use chewing gum, refreshing lozenges, lozenges, etc. You can drink non-carbonated water without flavorings and flavorings.
If you are taking drugs (injecting) drugs that affect the functioning of the coagulation system, you must donate blood before taking the drug (injection).

Preparation for blood donation for prenatal screening of the 1st and 2nd trimesters.

It is necessary to strictly adhere to the recommendations of the attending physician regarding the dates and times of the ultrasound examination (ultrasound) and blood sampling.
Donate blood in the morning strictly on an empty stomach after a 10-12 hour break in eating. Do not use chewing gum, refreshing lozenges, lozenges, etc. You can drink non-carbonated water without flavorings and flavorings.
As a rule, an ultrasound examination is scheduled after taking a blood sample on the same day, or the next day.
Prenatal screening of the 1st trimester is performed at 10-13 weeks of gestation, prenatal screening of the 2nd trimester - at 16-18 weeks of gestation.

Preparation of blood donation for hormones

Blood for hormonal studies must be taken on an empty stomach in the morning.
In the absence of such an opportunity, blood can be donated for some hormones 4-5 hours after the last meal in the daytime and evening hours (except for those studies for which blood must be donated strictly in the morning)
1-2 days before the test, exclude foods with high content fats, the last meal should not be plentiful.
Psycho-emotional and physical comfort is required 1 day before the study ( calm state without overheating and hypothermia).
Thyroid hormones
At the initial check of the level of thyroid hormones, stop drugs that affect thyroid function 2-4 weeks before the study. When monitoring treatment, exclude the use of drugs on the day of the study and be sure to note this on the referral form
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH/MIS), Inhibin B
For women, the study is carried out on the 3-5th day of the cycle. 3 days before blood sampling, exclude intense sports training, the study should not be carried out during any acute diseases. Do not smoke for 1 hour before blood sampling.
ACTH, cortisol
Due to the fact that ACTH and cortisol are stress hormones, before the blood donation procedure, it is necessary to calm down and relax for 20 minutes, since any stress causes an unmotivated release of these hormones into the blood, which will increase this indicator.
The level of these hormones changes cyclically during the day, so the most informative results of studies conducted in the morning before 9 am.
Insulin, C - peptide
donate blood strictly in the morning on an empty stomach.
sex hormones
Among women reproductive age on results hormonal studies affect physiological factors associated with stage menstrual cycle. During the examination for sex hormones, the phase of the menstrual cycle should be indicated.
Hormones reproductive system must be taken strictly on the days of the cycle:
LH, FSH- 3-5 day of the cycle;
Estradiol- 5 - 7 or 21-23 days of the cycle;
Progesterone- 21-23 days of the cycle.
17-OH - progesterone, DHA - sulfate, testosterone- 7-9 days.
Prolactin- donate blood in the morning at rest, exclude palpation of the mammary glands before the study.

Preparation for testing for oncomarkers

Be sure to donate blood on an empty stomach (i.e. do not eat 8-12 hours before the procedure).
The analysis must be taken in the morning, before 11 o'clock.
3 days before the test, do not drink alcohol, do not use fatty foods, do not increase physical activity. Do not smoke on the day of the test.
Do not take medication
When analyzing for PSA, abstain from sexual intercourse for a week.
When determining the oncomarker CA 19-9, 48 hours before the analysis, it will be necessary to exclude food with spices, fried foods from the diet. Smoked, fatty. This tumor marker is responsible for pancreatic cancer and without a diet you can not get correct result test.

Preparation for donating blood for various infections

Blood is donated in the morning on an empty stomach (or in the afternoon and evening, 4-5 hours after the last meal).
1-2 days before the study, exclude foods high in fat from the diet.
Before donating blood viral hepatitis 2 days before the study, it is advisable to exclude citrus fruits, orange fruits and vegetables from the diet.
The results of tests for the presence of infections depend on the period of infection and the state of the immune system, therefore negative result does not completely rule out infection. On early stage disease, seroconversion occurs (absence of antibodies in acute period diseases). In doubtful cases, it is advisable to re-analyze after 3-5 days.
A blood test for the presence of IgM antibodies to infectious agents should be carried out no earlier than 5-7 days from the moment of illness, and IgG, IgA antibodies no earlier than 10-14 days. This is due to the timing of the production of antibodies. immune system and their appearance in the blood in the diagnostic titer.

2. Urinalysis

Preparation for the delivery of a general urine test

For a general analysis, the first morning portion of urine is used (the previous urination should be no later than 2 am).
Pour the first few milliliters of urine down the toilet. Collect the entire portion of morning urine in a dry, clean container with free urination.
Pour 40-50 milliliters of the total volume of urine into a special container and close the lid tightly. You can not take urine from a vessel, a pot. Collected urine should be immediately delivered to the laboratory. It is allowed to store urine in the refrigerator (at t +2 +4 ° C), but not more than 1.5 hours.

Collection of daily urine for uric acid

Collect urine within 24 hours on a regular drinking mode(1.5-2 liters per day).
Release at 6-8 o'clock in the morning bladder(Pour out this portion of urine).
Collect urine within 24 hours clean vessel with a capacity of at least 2 liters. During collection, the container with urine must be stored in a cool place (optimally - in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf at +4 +8 ° C), preventing it from freezing.
Collect the last portion of urine at exactly the same time that the collection was started the day before.
Measure the amount of urine, pour 50-100 ml into a clean container. Be sure to write on the container the amount of urine collected per day.

Urinalysis according to Nechiporenko

Collect urine in the morning (immediately after sleep) according to the method of 3 glass sample: start urinating into the toilet, collect the middle portion in a bowl for laboratory research, finish - in the toilet. The second portion of urine should prevail in volume. Deliver an average portion of urine to the laboratory in a special container. Report the time of urine collection to the registrar.
It is allowed to store urine in the refrigerator (at t +2°C +4°C), but not more than 1.5 hours.

Urine culture (with determination of sensitivity to antibiotics)

Collect urine in a sterile container: the first 15 ml of urine are not used for analysis! Collect the next 3-10 ml in a sterile container, tighten the lid tightly.
Deliver the biomaterial to the laboratory within 1.5-2 hours after collection. It is allowed to store the biomaterial in a refrigerator at t +2 +4°C for no more than 3-4 hours.
When delivered to the laboratory later than the indicated dates, the results of urine culture may be unreliable.
Urine collection should be carried out before the start of drug treatment and not earlier than 5 days after the course of treatment.

3. Stool tests

General rules for preparing before taking a stool test

Feces must be obtained without the use of enemas and laxatives.
In a special container, collect 1-2 teaspoons of feces.
Deliver to the laboratory within 3 hours after collection.

Examination of feces for occult blood

Three days before the study, it is necessary to exclude meat, liver, blood sausage and all foods containing iron (apples, bell pepper, spinach, white beans, green onion, cucumbers, eggs). The stool must be obtained without the use of enemas and laxatives. In a special container, collect 1-2 teaspoons of feces. Deliver to the laboratory within 5 hours after collection

Coprological examination of feces

It is recommended to cancel drugs (all laxatives, vago- and sympathetic drugs, kaolin, barium sulfate, bismuth, iron, rectal suppositories based on fat, enzymes and other drugs that affect the processes of digestion and absorption).
It is impossible to conduct scatological studies after an enema. After x-ray examination stomach and intestines, a fecal analysis is indicated no earlier than two days later.
When examining occult blood, meat, fish, tomatoes, all kinds of green vegetables, iron preparations should be excluded from the diet.
It is advisable to use a diet: milk, dairy products, cereals, mashed potatoes, White bread with butter, 1-2 soft-boiled eggs, some fresh fruit. Such food is given for 4-5 days, feces are examined for 3-5 days (subject to self-emptying of the intestine).

Examination of feces for helminths

Feces are collected in a disposable container with a screw cap and a spoon in an amount not exceeding 1/3 of the volume of the container or in a clean glass jar - the volume is not more than one spoon. During collection, avoid impurities of urine, separated genitals. Before being sent to the laboratory, the material should be stored in a refrigerator at 4-8 degrees C. On the form with the result, no helminth eggs were found or found, if found, then what exactly. Normally, worm eggs are not found in feces.

4. PCR - diagnostics

Preparation before the delivery of biomaterial from the urogenital tract

Do not urinate 3 hours before taking the material;
Do not live sexually less than 36 hours before taking the material;
Do not use disinfectant solutions;
Do not use antibacterial soap;
Do not apply antibacterial agents or uroseptics inside;
Women should use any vaginal suppositories less than 36 hours before sampling;
Women do not douche;
Women are not allowed to take tests during menstruation.

Preparation for sowing on microflora and determination of sensitivity to antibiotics (genital secretions).

Diagnostic testing is carried out before antibiotic therapy. When examining the discharge of the urethra, the collection of material is carried out before or not earlier than 2-3 hours after urination.
In women, a cultural study is not carried out during menstruation, because during this period, microbial contamination is sharply reduced due to bleeding. The material is examined no earlier than 5-7 days monthly cycle and until its completion.

At the medical examination or in case of illness, the doctor prescribes to the patient various examinations. Consider in what cases an X-ray and a blood test are prescribed, and whether they are allowed to be done on the same day.

After an acute respiratory viral infection, a complication may begin in a child or adult. This is especially often the case if you carry the disease on your legs, are not treated correctly, and only swallow antipyretic pills. The complication is manifested in the penetration of the infection into the lungs and emerging pneumonia (pneumonia). If the child is high temperature begins to lose weight, the doctor will suspect tuberculosis.

X-ray of the lungs and clinical analysis blood is prescribed for the following symptoms:

blood test indicators indicate an inflammatory process;
the patient has shortness of breath;
the rhythm of breathing is disturbed;
elevated temperature;
does not pass cough;
The patient complains of chest pain.

Also, x-rays and blood tests are sometimes prescribed when examining other organs. For children, an x-ray of the lungs and a clinical blood test are simultaneously prescribed in last resort if there is suspicion different kinds acute pneumonia.

At what age can an x-ray be taken?

There is no lower age limit for X-ray examination. If the child is injured or has a positive Mantoux test, the pediatrician will prescribe an x-ray at any age.

X-ray exposure negatively affects the growing organism and the dividing cells of the baby with repeated x-ray studies. single dose exposure to tangible harm to the health of the child will not bring. Tomography in the case of pneumonia plays the role of a complementary, rather than the main examination.

When is a blood test ordered?

A clinical blood test is the first step in a doctor's diagnosis. It is prescribed to be taken for a variety of diseases, since almost all diseases give changes in the composition of the patient's blood.

A blood test is taken when the doctor seeks to find out if the patient has intolerance to medications. Blood is taken at periodic medical examinations. In this case, fluorography is also prescribed, which is a type x-ray examination. It implies a stronger exposure x-rays and appointed after 14 years.

Cardiological, endocrine and other diseases are the reason to prescribe a biochemical blood test to the patient. It determines the content of low and low lipids in the blood high density, glucose, hemoglobin, bilirubin, protein, urea and other indicators.

The reason for the appointment of a biochemical blood test are diseases:

kidney or liver failure;
cardiological diseases;
violations of the musculoskeletal functions of the body;
gynecological diseases in women;
malfunctions of the circulatory system;
suspected diabetes mellitus;
malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Blood test procedure and preparation for it

To donate blood for a general analysis (clinical) is not required special training. The analysis is taken from a finger or from a vein. Doctors recommend not to eat breakfast before donating blood, because the products that have been digested will affect the composition of the blood.

Important! Biochemical analysis blood is taken on an empty stomach from a vein. It is required to refrain from eating for half a day before taking the test. It is not recommended to smoke in the morning. On the eve, you should refrain from dairy products, alcohol and coffee.

Attention! Permanent hosts medical preparations people should stop taking them or report their use to the doctor who orders the test. It is recommended to try to avoid stress on the eve of going to the laboratory and reduce physical activity.

Can I donate blood after an x-ray?

When asked whether it is possible to do a blood test after an x-ray, the answer is unequivocal. X-ray irradiation of a single dose does not affect the composition of the blood in any way, so a blood test is allowed to be done after an x-ray. If the doctor ordered a second blood test, it is better to do it in the same laboratory and under the same conditions as the first analysis.

X-ray examination of children is prescribed as a last resort. Adults, too, should not neglect the harmfulness of the procedure. X-rays in acceptable doses do not affect the composition of the blood. You can donate blood on the same day.

Doubts that now and then arise among people about the safety of fluorography appear for several reasons: firstly, in some cases, a certificate of passing fluorography is required in without fail, but it is not recommended to do this procedure more than once a year. Secondly, in the process of fluorographic examination, the body is exposed to radioactive irradiation, and this phrase frightens everyone without exception. So, what is fluorography for, is it possible to do without it and does it bring any harm to the body?

Fluorography called organ research chest, carried out with the help of X-rays, which passes through the human body and, due to uneven absorption, gives visible image on a fluorescent screen. There are two types of fluorography - film and digital, but digital in Lately gradually replaces the film one, as it surpasses it in a number of parameters: it allows you to reduce the radiation load on the body, and also simplifies the work with the image.

What does fluorography show?

First of all, a fluorographic study is used to identify all kinds of diseases: tuberculosis, malignant formations etc. Fluorography is a preventive research method; it does not give a sufficiently unambiguous picture for making a diagnosis, but it allows you to detect deviations. For example, connective fibers in the lungs and bronchi, thickening of the roots, increased vascular pattern, the presence of fibrous tissues, foci of inflammation, adhesions on the pleura of the lungs, etc. Detection on a fluorographic picture (image) of one of similar problems is an indication for a more detailed examination already with the participation of a specialized doctor. That is, we can say that fluorography is preventive method diagnostics, allowing you to quickly and fairly quickly identify problems with respiratory system.

How often do you need to undergo fluorography?

The standard frequency of passing a fluorographic examination is 1 time per year. This frequency is relevant for all adults who do not have any special indications. At the same time, there are groups of people who are recommended to do fluorography more often - 2 times a year. Among them:

Patients with tuberculosis and people with other respiratory diseases.
- Employees of tuberculosis dispensaries, sanatoriums, maternity hospitals, etc.
- Patients with serious chronic diseases (asthma, diabetes, ulcer, etc.).
- Workers in areas where the possibility of contracting tuberculosis and its spread is increased (educators in kindergartens).

If you do not fit into any of these categories, for preventive organs breathing, it is enough for you to undergo fluorography once a year.

Contraindications

Contraindications for conducting a fluorographic study are the following circumstances:

Age. Children under 15 years of age do not undergo fluorography.
Pregnancy. Pregnant women are prescribed fluorography only in the second half of the term and only in exceptional cases.
Some serious illness. In such cases, all studies - including fluorographic - are consistent with the patient's attending physician.
Breastfeeding is not exactly a contraindication, but it is undesirable to undergo a fluorographic examination during the feeding period. Be sure to consult with your doctor and discuss all the risks associated with fluorography during this period.

Is there any harm?

According to, regulatory documents RB, for patients who undergo X-ray diagnostic studies for prophylactic purposes, dose control level is 1.5 mSv/year.
The effective equivalent dose (EED) during digital fluorography is on average 0.04 mSv(V 37.5 times less acceptable level exposure during preventive examinations).

For comparison:
- On average, the dose received by an inhabitant of our planet from natural sources ionizing radiation is 2,4 (in Russia 3.43 ) mSv per year, that is, approximately 60 (in Russia in 85 ) times more than the dose obtained when performing 1 prophylactic fluorographic study.

Ultimately allowable dose(SDA) - the maximum value of the individual equivalent dose for a calendar year, which, when exposed for 50 years, does not cause adverse changes in the state of human health that are detectable modern methods. When irradiating the whole body and for the I group of critical organs, the value of SDA - 50 mSv (5 rem) per year (1250 digital fluorography).

In general, even if you have undergone other studies related to radiation exposure during the year, fluorography itself is unable to cause any noticeable harm to your body.