Recommendations for good vision. How to keep your eyesight for years to come

One of the most wonderful gifts of nature is vision, which gives us an amazing opportunity to see the world in bright colors. But many remember this only when it is rapidly deteriorating. Especially in an age of rapid development information technologies, a person can spend most of the day in front of the screen of a computer monitor, TV, tablet or smartphone. Such a pastime puts a tremendous strain on the eyes and mercilessly reduces the level of vision.

Proper nutrition

Despite the lack of an obvious link, nutrition strongly affects a person's visual acuity. For this, regular intake is essential. enough vitamin A and other vitamins and minerals. So add to your diet raw carrots in combination with vegetable or animal fat, which promotes the absorption of carotene ( minimum frequency eating carrots - once every 3 days). It is also necessary to consume blueberries (eat 1 tablespoon per day or take preparations based on it). It also stimulates visual acuity following products: spinach, apricots, fish, eggs, dark chocolate, different kinds cabbage, broccoli, nettle.

You should also periodically take a multi-vitamin complex, which will make up for the lack useful substances in our body.

Gymnastics for vision

To maintain visual acuity, it is extremely important to train the eye muscles. To do this, it is enough to perform several times a day simple exercises within 5 minutes. Such gymnastics will not require much effort and time, but will significantly improve the health of your eyes. Here are some of the most common tricks:

Move your eyeballs quickly left and right. Looking to the left, you should hold your eyesight for a few seconds, slightly straining your eyes, then look in front of you and look away to the right, also slightly straining your eyes. Repeat this exercise 10 times. When performing this task, be sure to feel how the eye muscles work.
Raise your eyes up and down, fixing your gaze.
Making a rotation eyeball(5 times clockwise and 5 times in the opposite direction).
The next exercise is the most pleasant, in Bates it is called "palming", in Taoists it is universal energy, and in yogis it is reiki energy. You warm up your eyes using the energy of your palms. To do this, close your eyes, relax, cross your palms and put them in the form of the roof of a house on top of each other (for convenience, lean your elbows on the table). Then we apply the centers of the palms tightly to the eyes, completely blocking the penetration of light. Try to feel how the warmth emanating from the palms transmits energy that relaxes our eyes and restores vision. The exercise is performed within 5-7 minutes. When you open your eyes, you will immediately feel a slight improvement.
This exercise has been familiar to us since school days: sit opposite the window, fix your eyes on the glass or any close object (pencil, window handle, etc.) and sharply look at a distant object outside the window.

massage glasses

Periodic use of massage glasses for the eyes, allows you to achieve good effect, quickly relieve fatigue not only when working at a computer, but also during any intense visual work. These glasses are designed in such a way that they contribute to the stimulation of biologically active points using vibrations and magnetic fields. Massage glasses have a preventive, cosmetic and relaxing effect.

Down with bad habits

Smoking negatively affects work visual apparatus. After all, smoking increases intraocular pressure, which leads to the development various diseases eye. General Compliance healthy lifestyle life will contribute to the preservation good vision.

Give rest to your eyes

Almost all people who work a lot at the computer know that they are supposed to take a 15-minute break after every hour of work. However, in practice, this principle is practically not applied, which leads to bad consequences. Let your eyes relax.

Protect yourself from bright light

Blindingly bright light is harmful to the eyes. Therefore, wear sunglasses in the summer.

Eye Fitness

The concept of fitness for the eyes includes the most various exercises borrowed from yoga, massage and solarization techniques. On the hands are points that are directly related to the eyes. To stimulate these points, you should massage the fingers, massaging each finger for 1-2 minutes. You should also press on the central point of the palm (active point "rokyu") for 50 seconds. Also massage your toes thoroughly. These simple techniques and stimulation of active points will help maintain visual acuity.

Maintaining good vision is not an easy task, since televisions, computers, and various electronic gadgets have confidently “entrenched” in our daily lives.

Working with them is accompanied by a constant load. Vision problems oblige to immediately contact an ophthalmologist in order to start treatment on time and avoid dangerous complications.

How to save your eyes

The well-known postulate - it is easier to prevent a disease than to treat it, is applicable to all diseases, ophthalmic pathologists are no exception.

The best option for long-term preservation is to regularly adhere to basic preventive conditions:

adherence to the basics of healthy eating
doing eye exercises
your “communication” with the TV, computer must be moderate, do not forget about rest

There are secondary factors that adversely affect the visual apparatus:

bad environmental situation
hereditary predisposition
structural changes in the eye apparatus due to age
concomitant diseases that are catalysts for visual impairment

Create conditions that are 100% protective eyes from pathological deviations it is impossible, even if you adhere to a healthy lifestyle, observe the rules of hygiene.

However, reducing the risks of developing ophthalmic disorders, facilitating the nature of the course of the disease, avoiding complications, and increasing the effectiveness of the therapeutic process is a feasible task.

What hurts and what helps the eyes

Often, overwork, which adversely affects functionality eye apparatus is associated with ignoring correct mode day. To avoid, it is required to correctly alternate periods of sleep, rest, with “working” hours.

When there are no basics of a clear daily routine, for a long time period, then gradually, such negligence can lead to visual impairment.

Try to avoid:

lack of sleep
long stay in a room with stale air
lack of labor activity (do not be lazy)

Another factor that adversely affects the quality of vision is, oddly enough, technological progress.

A variety of novelties of technology, electronics, reduce the need for human physical labor.

Such relief is reverse side medals because sedentary image life, negatively affects visual functionality.

Moderate physical activity has a positive effect on well-being, strengthening the health of the body:

increased pulmonary ventilation
improves cerebral circulation
stimulates the activity of systems (including visual)

Adequate physical education, sports (without fanaticism):

increase the efficiency of the eye muscle
strengthen the sclera
help reduce the risk of myopia

A person whose vision is undermined is unacceptable to engage in sports that require extreme stress. These include:

struggle
Weightlifting
ski jumping

Favorably, to the level vision affect:

leisurely running, skiing
swimming
ball games

Reasonable physical education will have a positive effect on general well-being, which will certainly positively affect the state of the human visual apparatus.

Tobacco smoke and are completely incompatible concepts, I am sure that no one will undertake to challenge such a statement.

Smoking completely undermines health not only respiratory system. Ophthalmic pathologies- frequent guests in the body of a smoker.

The risk of acquaintance with a cataract is subject to every fourth avid smoker. The degree of danger is so great that sometimes, apart from prosthetics of the clouded lens, there are no other options left.

Whoever has a strong “friendship” with a cigarette, it is strongly recommended to visit the office once a quarter optometrist.

The risk of irreversible damage to the retina is three times higher for a smoker than for a person who has never suffered from nicotine addiction.

The composition of products (carrots, pumpkin, broccoli) contains substances that give reliable protection retina from damage, but nicotine destabilizes circulation beneficial trace elements. Most of the “advantages” of these products are leveled, the retina remains defenseless, visual impairment occurs.

There are situations when, at moments of strong visual strain, a smoker suddenly “grows a black wall” before his eyes.

Similar pathological manifestation- Primary evidence signaling eye hazards. Such violations are also provoked by long-term "friendly" relationships with tobacco.

Senile farsightedness - simplified (folk) naming, first alarm symptom eyes affected by the “attacks” of tobacco.

An experienced smoker who has not previously experienced any problems when reading is forced to keep a book / newspaper away from his eyes. Otherwise, it is simply impossible to focus the vision.

Constant headaches begin to disturb, there are (in principle) problems with reading. Typically, such negative symptoms recedes if the problem is detected in time, treatment is started, and of course, refuse to “communicate” with nicotine.

In the morning, when the first cigarette is smoked for the current day, the fingertips are cold. The temperature measurement between the fingers shows low values.

Please note that even peripheral vessels suffer from what you smoke. And now, imagine how much more serious the scale of “destruction” from the habit of smoking is the capillaries of the heart muscle, the eye apparatus.

Dangerous disease provocateurs

Risks increase with the following diagnoses:

diabetes
hypertension

High pressure can become a catalyst for specific disorders in the vascular system of the fundus.

Growing density vascular walls. With persistent hemorrhages, the occurrence of edema in the structure of the retina are possible.

When the pressure reading “goes off scale”, the digital values rise to extremely large quantities(180-200>), then there is a possibility of atrophy optic nerve.

Decreased vision can become irreversible.

In such a situation, in order to prevent large-scale pathological changes fundus, the primary task is a corrective reduction in pressure.

Now about the undesirable changes that accompany endocrine disorders.

A list of possible eye problems associated with thyroid dysfunction:

double image
the cornea suffers
optic nerve atrophies

In the case of an endocrine "bias" of eye diseases, the therapeutic process involves the use of drugs of the corticosteroid group.

In addition, in order to moisturize the cornea, in cases of incomplete closure of the palpebral fissure, artificial tears are added to the treatment. Sometimes, an uncontested need is the intervention of an ophthalmologist surgeon.

Diabetics also turn to the optometrist with complaints of poor eyesight.

- "companion" of diabetes.

The most critical eye-related complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. The scale of damage to the retina of diabetics is different, with negative development up to detachment.

Such a diagnosis requires doctors to take total control of the condition of the blood vessels.

The list of therapeutic measures includes:

Application of photodynamic therapy.
Laser coagulation retina- eliminate swelling, strengthen eye capillaries.
The state of defective (destroyed by cataract) vessels is corrected, as a result, the probability of retinal detachment is minimized.
Surgical intervention - a vitrectomy procedure is performed, which involves the removal blood clots, cloudy parts vitreous body from the eye cavity.

As a result, an ophthalmologist surgeon gains access to the affected retinal tissues, which makes it possible to carry out the necessary “restoration work”. Carry out a photocoagulation procedure (“solder” the exfoliated area, block the bleeding of blood vessels), or completely restore the integrity of the membrane.

Vision problems are possible during the course of specific infectious processes in organism.

Visual impairment due to inflammatory phenomena in the "structures" of the eye apparatus.

Insidious - able to cause negative changes in functionality visual organ. Possible complications include:

inflammation choroid eyes
hemorrhages
retinal damage of varying severity

To normalize the functionality undermined by the disease eye muscles, joint efforts of doctors of two specialties are required:

ophthalmologist
rheumatologist

Diagnostic methods

Study of visual fields

A similar term refers to the part of the space in which the eye, with a “fixed” gaze, notices other visual stimuli.

The examination is carried out with a device - an ophthalmic perimeter, which is a screen, hemispherical in shape.

The examined eye fixes a certain mark (point), then luminous points begin to appear on the screen. When you get into the zone of visibility of your peripheral vision, you need to report this (talk / press the appropriate button) to the doctor.

Grounds for appointment similar procedure, diagnosis of defects that can occur during:

glaucoma
brain tumors

Measurement of intraocular pressure

Non-contact and contact examination methods are classified:

To carry out the first option, you will need an automatic tonometer. The patient's chin is placed on a special stand, and the gaze is asked to be fixed on a luminous point.

The air flow supplied by the device towards the eye meets the resistance of the cornea.

The level of IOP is fixed based on the value of this resistance.

The contact version of the measurement is carried out according to the following scenario.

The patient receives a portion of special "freezing" drops (anesthetic), then the doctor touches the cornea with a weight, the lower area of which is painted.

The eyeball bends from the load, directly staining at the points of contact.

The level of IOP is “based” on the magnitude of the deformation. Make (print) on paper, determining the diameter of the unpainted area. The data obtained are correlated with officially standardized values.

Since the procedure is performed under anesthesia, the level of painful discomfort is minimal. The microscopic particles of paint remaining inside will soon leave the eye along with a tear.

Such methods are the source important information for the doctor, because the study allows us to state, or vice versa, to exclude glaucoma.

Biomicroscopy

By means of illumination created by a slit lamp, the doctor gets the opportunity to analyze (examine) the state of optical media under high magnification and tissue structures eyes.

The biomicroscopy procedure allows the ophthalmologist to examine in detail:

cornea
lens

This method opens up the possibility for the doctor to diagnose almost the entire spectrum of ophthalmic disorders.

Retinal examination

Initially, in order to expand the pupil, the patient is instilled special drops. Then, after a quarter of an hour, by means of an ophthalmoscope, a light beam is projected onto the examined eye, which allows a detailed “examination” through the dilated pupil:

optic disc

As for the diagnosis of strabismus, the methods for detecting similar problem many, but a simple option involves a special test with “covering” the eye.

To determine refraction, visual acuity, modern computer techniques are used. However, there is an opinion that standard letter tables are at least effective method solving such a problem. Properly carried out selection of lenses will allow you to deal with myopia, farsightedness.

In addition to those described diagnostic techniques identifying vision problems, it is imperative to mention other ways:

MRI of the eyeball
fluorescein angiography of the retina
x-ray
ultrasonic ophthalmoscopy

Prevention - how often to visit the optometrist

Even small pathological abnormalities in the body, leading to dysfunction internal organs, immune failures, can affect vascular system eye apparatus.

Age, availability concomitant diseases, risk factors - criteria from which the number of required visits to the doctor varies.

First preventive examination the baby's eyes, parents are required to spend no later than six months from the moment of birth. Further, with an interval of six months, the examination must be repeated.

Then, every year until entering school (6-7 years), even in the absence of complaints, it is required to visit an ophthalmologist.

Risk factors for eye disease

complicated pregnancy, childbirth
hereditary cases of cataract
retinal dystrophy

In the absence of obvious visual impairment, in the interval of 18-30 years, it is permissible to see an ophthalmologist once every three years.

Then, at an interval of 30-40, it is advisable to check your eyesight every couple of years, and after 60, the frequency of preventive visits increases to one visit per year.

More frequent visit necessary in the following cases:

regular wearing of glasses
endocrine pathologies
hypertension
eye strain work
eye injury, surgery

The issue of maintaining vision long years- one of the priorities in the list of tasks, the solution of which is necessary to maintain the health of the body.

Take an interest in health, goodbye.

Visiting an ophthalmologist annually is the easiest and most effective way save your eyesight. Even if there are no problems. This practice will always help to identify violations of functions. visual system on early stages, find the causes and eliminate them without wasting precious time. But not only. Systematic medical checkup, in particular the study of the condition of the fundus, allows you to diagnose the onset of other diseases. Among them are diabetes, hypertension, brain tumors, osteochondrosis and many other ailments, which in turn can cause a decrease in the quality of vision.

Proper nutrition

Unbalanced nutrition and rigid diets provoke the development of dry eye syndrome. American scientists found this out by examining 37,000 women. If the diet contains enough fish and nuts rich in fatty acids omega-3, the risk is reduced by 20%. And an excess of confectionery, vegetable and animal fats, on the contrary, increases the likelihood of developing dry eyes by 2.5 times. Try to eat as many blueberries as possible. She is a champion in the set of trace elements necessary for the functioning of the retina. Plus, it contains antacids that prevent peroxidation. But, of course, for this to be effective, blueberries must be eaten in in large numbers. Well, or use pharmaceutical preparations created on its basis. Any vegetables, greens are also useful.

Correction

Sometimes vision problems can be solved with surgical methods. For example, laser correction vision helps to correct visual impairments such as nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism.

Effective vision correction LASIK technique performed using an excimer laser in just 15 minutes. Before the procedure, an ophthalmologist conducts a personal diagnosis of the entire organ of vision, cornea, retina, the degree of exposure is calculated based on the results of the examination, and the data is transferred to the computer of the laser device. Vision improves significantly within three hours after surgery. This procedure absolutely painless. High accuracy flyingspot technology allows you to perfectly align all aberrations, and eye-tracking technology tracks the position of the eye and corrects laser ray before each impulse.

Computer work

Computers are specially taken out for consideration as a separate factor influencing the state of vision. Without them today nowhere. This is a necessity dictated by time, forcing many hours to spend near the monitor. And if this cannot be avoided, then you should practice certain technique security that reduces the risk negative consequences. Take a break at least every half an hour to rest your eyes. Turn away from the monitor, look out the window or somewhere else in the distance, then blink. Monitor lighting quality and monitor brightness.

Gymnastics for the eyes (some exercises):

✓ Performed while sitting: close your eyes tightly for 3-5 seconds, then open your eyes for 3-5 seconds. Repeat 6-8 times.

✓ Performed while sitting: blink at a fast pace for 10-15 seconds, then pause for 7-10 seconds. Repeat 3-4 times.

✓ Performed while standing: look forward for 2-3 seconds, then focus on the finger right hand, placing it in front of the face at a distance of 25-30 centimeters at the level of the nose. After 3-5 seconds, lower your hand. Repeat 10-12 times.

✓ Performed sitting: close your eyes and massage them with your finger in a circular motion. Repeat for 1 minute.

✓ Performed standing: pull left hand face and look at her forefinger within 3-5 seconds. Then begin to bend your hand, bringing your finger closer to your nose until you notice a split finger. Do this 6-8 times.

✓ Performed while sitting: move your eyes in a circle, first counterclockwise, then clockwise. Do 4-6 repetitions.

3 conditions that impair vision

1 Spectacles once prescribed cannot be worn until retirement. Strength spectacle lenses must be selected by a doctor or optometrist, otherwise an increased visual fatigue with pain in the eyes, pain in the bridge of the nose, circles before the eyes and a feeling of heaviness in the head up to a migraine.

2 Passive smoking increases the likelihood of one of the most common causes of blindness. Living with a smoker for 5 years doubles the risk of a disease that affects central part retina. And regular active smoking even triples this risk, according to a study by scientists at the University of Cambridge. If a person after 20 years of smoking quits a bad habit, over time, the likelihood of the disease decreases and becomes the same as that of non-smokers.

3 Constant wearing tight tie increases the possibility of developing glaucoma and other serious eye diseases. This conclusion was made by British researchers. It turns out that the tie knot compresses the vein, resulting in an increase in eye pressure. And this is a leading risk factor for the development of glaucoma, which can lead to vision loss.

Vision and TV

One of the main factors in reducing the clarity of vision is the TV. Daily viewing of TV programs leads to myopia. TV rules:

*the distance to the screen should be 5 times greater than the diagonal of the TV;

* during the day, the room should be slightly darkened, and in the evening, on the contrary, turn on a dim light behind the beholder;

* daily you can spend no more than three hours watching TV;

* let your eyes rest, distracted from the screen, break for 10 minutes every half hour.

Vision and computer

*the top edge of the monitor should be 10cm below eye level;

* the distance between the eyes and the computer should be at least 30 cm;

* every hour you need a break, during which you should do a set of exercises for the eyes;

* in front of the monitor, you need to blink more often or use special moisturizing drops;

* the screen must remain clean, free of dust and dirt;

*if you are prescribed glasses, do not forget to wear them when working with a computer.

If you follow the recommendations for maintaining good vision, you can spend no more than four hours in front of a computer monitor. If you have to work more, install a reminder program that will tell you through certain time that it's time to do gymnastics for the eyes.

Vision and reading books

* the distance between the eyes and the book should be at least 30 cm;

*light should fall from top left;

* while reading, take breaks to look into the distance or do a set of exercises for the eyes.

One more important recommendation to maintain good vision is a regular visit to the ophthalmologist. You need to check the condition of the eyes at least once a year to be sure that everything is in order. When diseases occur, they are much easier to cure at an early stage.

Nutrition for good vision

Eye work requires good support nutrients and vitamins, the lack of which can even develop blindness. Best Products for the eyes, containing essential vitamins and antioxidants, the following:

*orange and green vegetables;

* berries (including blueberries);

*animals and vegetable fats containing vitamins A, D, E and Omega-3 fatty acids (eggs, butter and vegetable oil, liver, fish);

* Seafood containing zinc and selenium.

* especially valuable for the eyes are substances such as lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene, they are found in tomatoes, tomato paste, green vegetables, including cabbage and spinach, green peas, corn.

vision control

Reduced vision occurs in many diseases - both directly to the eye, and with general disorders.

In developed countries, myopia and hyperopia, cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetes mellitus most often lead to loss of vision. To prevent vision loss:

* control visual acuity by visiting an ophthalmologist twice a year;

*after 40 years for timely detection glaucoma, it is necessary to measure eye pressure once a year;

*After 45 years of age, blood sugar levels should be monitored annually.

Also accelerate vision loss bad habits- Smoking and alcohol, which negatively affect the functioning of the vessels of the eye, retina and optic nerve. To maintain good vision for a long time, it is necessary to abandon bad habits.