Can Tinidazole be used for chronic cervicitis? Acute and chronic cervicitis: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Cervicitis - inflammatory process in the vaginal segment of the cervix. Cervicitis, the symptoms of which are characterized by purulent or mucous discharge, pain in the lower abdomen (pulling or dull), pain in sexual intercourse and urination.

Protracted chronic cervicitis leads to the development of erosion, thickening of the cervix, and the spread of infection to the upper parts of the genital apparatus.

By its structure, the cervix serves as a barrier that prevents infection from entering the uterus. Under certain factors, its protective function is disrupted, which leads to the entry of foreign microflora into this area, thereby promoting the development of inflammation - cervicitis of the cervix.

Most often, the disease occurs in women aged 18 to 45 years who are sexually active. However, many infected women do not undergo the necessary treatment, since the symptoms of cervicitis may be hidden.

Causes

Why does cervicitis occur, and what is it? In order for a woman to develop this disease, it is necessary to introduce various pathogenic microflora into the genitals: coli, streptococci, staphylococci, mycoplasmas and other microorganisms. They are able to enter the cervix through contact paths, through blood and lymph or from the rectum, specific microflora transmitted sexually.

In most cases, cervicitis of the cervix occurs due to the presence of vaginal sexually transmitted infections:,. Inflammation of the cervix can also be provoked by herpetic genital infections, or. In addition, mechanical irritants can also accompany the onset of the disease, such as injuries to the cervix after abortion, childbirth, or due to other injuries.

Cervicitis rarely occurs in isolation; usually its development is accompanied by other pathologies of the reproductive system: vaginitis, ectropion, pseudo-erosions of the cervix. To avoid complications, you need to think in time about how to treat cervicitis and what medications will be required for this.

Cervicitis symptoms

The disease can occur in two ways. The first is without symptoms, the second is with the manifestation of certain signs. In most cases, the severity of the clinic depends on the causative agent of the infectious process.

At mild form A woman with cervicitis may not notice any symptoms at all. Possible intermittent appearance small discharge from the vagina, which are predominantly mucous in nature.

Main features cervicitis of the cervix:

weak aching;
pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse;
rare bloody issues from the vagina, sometimes mixed with pus;
cloudy mucous discharge from the vagina, regardless of menstrual cycle;
painful menstruation.

With cervicitis of the cervix, there are more pronounced symptoms - bleeding, itching in the genital area, pain or discharge with blood during intercourse, burning during urination. In addition, a woman with cervicitis experiences periodic and uncomfortable sensations in the lower abdomen. If acute cervicitis is severe, then it is possible to observe an increase in body temperature, dizziness, nausea or vomiting.

If a woman has developed gonorrheal cervicitis, the discharge becomes yellow in color; with trichomoniasis, it becomes foamy. The human papillomavirus can cause the formation of condylomas and cervical ulcerations of various sizes.

Treatment of acute cervicitis is carried out using antibiotics. And if the cause of the disease is gonococci, then treatment of both partners will be required. Cervicitis untreated at this stage becomes protracted chronic process. The discharge becomes cloudy and mucous. In the chronic stage, signs of inflammation (swelling, hyperemia) are less pronounced.

During pregnancy

Cervicitis during pregnancy can turn into a rather serious problem for both the woman and her child. At infectious course diseases, there is a high probability of infection of the fetus during childbirth.

Treating cervicitis during pregnancy is extremely difficult due to the fact that many antibacterial agents negatively affect the fetus. Therefore, it is necessary to cure cervicitis before the start of pregnancy, so that there are no various pathological changes in the fetus.

Chronic cervicitis

If acute cervicitis is not treated properly or not treated at all, after one or two weeks the acute phenomena subside, and the inflammation acquires the features of a chronic process.

Symptoms of chronic cervicitis may include occasional aching pain in the lower abdomen and mucous discharge from the vagina. Chronic infection poses a great danger to a woman’s health, since due to untimely treatment, the walls of the cervix become thicker, which can cause cancer, infertility and dysplasia in the genital area in question.

Purulent cervicitis

This is an inflammatory process in the columnar epithelium, as well as subepithelial damage to the mucous membrane of the cervix and any area that is adjacent to the columnar epithelium.

Its main manifestations:

profuse (mixed with pus), unpleasant-smelling vaginal discharge;
uterine bleeding not associated with menstruation;
lower abdominal pain;
, malaise (in in rare cases).

If a woman has purulent cervicitis, it can almost certainly be said that her partner has urethritis, caused by a similar type of pathogen.

Cervicitis - treatment

First, you should identify the cause of the disease, and then prescribe a comprehensive treatment for cervicitis. To do this, a woman needs to be examined by a gynecologist, tested for sexually transmitted infections, bacterial flora of the vagina, as well as standard blood and urine tests. It is worth noting that if an STI is detected, the sexual partner must also undergo testing.

The treatment regimen is as follows:

prescribing antibiotics after identifying the pathogen.
local anti-inflammatory, analgesic therapy.
restoration of vaginal microflora.
physiotherapy.

For chlamydial cervicitis, tetracycline antibiotics (doxycycline), quinolones, and macrolides (erythromycin) are indicated. For candidal cervicitis, antifungal agents (itraconazole, fluconazole) are used. In the treatment of cervicitis, combined local drugs are widely used.

After fading acute stage diseases can be used local methods treatment of cervicitis. Candles (terzhinan) and creams are good for this. Thus, cervicitis of the cervix requires long-term and thorough treatment so that it does not become chronic and is completely cured.

In rare cases, if a woman’s cervicitis does not go away after a course of antibiotics, cauterization of the inflamed areas is performed.

Preventive measures

Prevention of cervicitis is first and foremost timely treatment endocrine disorders, prevention of abortions, personal hygiene and exclusion of sexually transmitted infections.

Cervicitis is common name groups of diseases that are divided into endocervicitis and exocervicitis. The difference is that exocervicitis is a smaller problem in which only the vaginal part of the cervix becomes inflamed. Endocervicitis is already an inflammation that affects the entire mucous membrane of the cervical canal. Logically, endocervicitis is an untreated exoprocess.

By its nature it is infectious diseases, which provoke microorganisms - viruses, bacteria, protozoa. Can provoke inflammation intrauterine manipulation– scraping, cauterization; There is also a high percentage of infections after birth injuries.

According to statistics, cervicitis is the most common female disease during the childbearing period. The frequency of manifestations depends on the standard of living, social status, number of sexual partners, frequency of abortions and childbirth. Cervicitis is dangerous, since during an acute process infection is transmitted.

Causes of cervicitis

Cervicitis of the cervix - schematic photo

Cervicitis is caused by candida fungi, ureaplasma bacteria, chlamydia, trichomonas, and streptococci. This is one of the most common. In all cases, there is discharge, sometimes itching in the vagina, and with a prolonged process, pain in the lower abdomen.

Candida cervicitis is a disease caused by candida fungi. Symptoms of a fungal disease are white curdled discharge from the vagina, itching. The reason may be either low immunity and the body’s inability to control the reproduction of its own microflora, or infection through sexual contact. The second option is also quite common, because in men candidiasis does not manifest itself in any way and the man may not know that he is carrying an infection.

Bacterial vaginosis begins after the penetration of bacteria into the vagina - chlamydia, gonococci, trichomonas, ureaplasma, gardnerella. Bacterial cervicitis can also occur with genitourinary tuberculosis.

Viral vaginosis is a consequence of low immunity and the presence of cytomegalovirus infection, herpes, and human papillomavirus.

To determine the pathogen and carry out quality treatment A smear of vaginal flora is required. It is impossible to accurately determine the cause by appearance, since there may be several pathogens. They have more noticeable manifestations fungal diseases when discharge characteristic of this type of infection is present.

Important! Candidiasis can begin without sexual activity, for reasons:

hormone therapy;
taking strong antibiotics;
rehabilitation period after viral diseases;
decreased immunity under the influence of various factors.

If Candida is present, you should be tested for other pathogenic organisms, which may accompany thrush - gardnerella and ureaplasma. A comprehensive test in specialized diagnostic laboratories will be more informative.

Chlamydia is an intracellular infection transmitted exclusively through sexual intercourse, and not only through genital intercourse, but also through oral and other types. Infection during use is unlikely general subjects hygiene when visiting public places– saunas, swimming pools. The lifespan of chlamydia is very short and it does not survive well in the environment. If there is a sexual partner, both should be diagnosed. Diagnosing chlamydia is a difficult process that involves several methods, each of which has disadvantages.

Important! Without precise definition pathogen, the treatment of cervicitis will not be effective and may progress to the chronic stage. Therefore, more time should be devoted to diagnosis and analysis of microflora.

Bacterial vaginosis - trichomonas and gonococcal - are easier to identify. Almost always present purulent discharge with a specific odor, especially with Trichomonas infection. For diagnosis, bacteriological culture is sufficient.

Attention! Trichomonas is very adapted to survival in the environment: it has several forms - flagellated, flagellated. Non-sexual transmission of infection is possible.

Viral vaginosis – causes endocervicitis in women childbearing age after viral agents penetrate into a weakened body. The most dangerous is HPV. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the disease for a long time and comprehensively. At the same time, do regular examinations. Herpes and HPV are difficult to treat, since their reproduction depends on the condition of the body as a whole.

Treatment of cervicitis

Treatment of cervicitis of various etiologies involves eliminating the infection. To do this you need to go through full course antibiotics or antifungal drugs. After passing therapeutic measures re-examine. The cause of recurrent disease is low body resistance, incorrect diagnosis of vaginosis, and insufficient treatment.

Medication is the most effective for chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and gonorrhea. It allows, with the help of drugs, to shorten the acute manifestation of the disease and minimize complications: inflammatory diseases of the urethra and appendages. This makes it possible for pregnancy and subsequent childbirth to be safe for the fetus. Traditional methods cannot completely remove the infection from the body. There is a risk that inactive forms will manifest themselves later.

Fungal cervicitis can be treated in parallel with traditional methods. Combination medicines and will normalize the vaginal microflora, increase immunity and eliminate infection.

Treatment methods for vaginosis

Conservative treatment methods are the main ones for cervicitis. They include the use of antibiotics, antifungal drugs such as fluconazole, immunostimulants, anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of suppositories, creams, and local antiseptics.

Drug therapy is successful in case of early diagnosis of the disease and comprehensive treatment.

In the chronic course of the disease, the patient may be offered a surgical method to solve the problem: diathermocoagulation or conization of the cervix.

Diathermocoagulation – outdated and painful method exposure to high frequency current. Sometimes used in the treatment of erosion.

– removal of defective tissue from part of the cervix. Used for cancer prevention. It can also be recommended after cervical ruptures during childbirth, postpartum scars, and pathology of the cervical canal mucosa.

If it is too late to see a doctor, the question is raised about the need to combine conservative and surgical methods.

Trichomonas cervicitis

Trichomoniasis causes vaginosis in most cases. Both the vaginal part of the cervix and the mucous membrane of the cervical canal are affected. The causative agent is trichomonas vaginalis. Vaginal Trichomonas invades the mucous membrane, releases toxins and causes inflammation. This damages epithelial tissue which serves as a barrier to other infections.

Photo – Trichamonas

Trichomonas can reduce immunity even with latent carriage. That's why Special attention should be given to the diagnosis and identification of protozoan microorganisms in the genital tract and bloodstream.

The presence of trichomonas in a woman’s body can complicate, cause premature release of water, and also infect the child when passing through birth canal. It is important to stop the reproduction process of Trichomonas before pregnancy so that exposure to toxic drugs does not affect the development of the fetus.

Treatment of cervicitis after Trichomonas

Treatment of cervicitis should begin with the elimination of microorganisms - Trichomonas. For this they are used as local remedies– vaginal suppositories, as well as injections and oral medications. The most common are metronidazole, ornidazole, and tinidazole. These drugs suppress the reproduction of protozoa - Trichomonas, Giardia, Amoeba.

After treatment, it is advisable to use the Solcotrichovac vaccine, which reduces the risk reinfection. The action of the drug is aimed at normalizing the pH level in the vagina and promoting the development of normal microflora. Apply according to the scheme.

If the examination reveals cervicitis after Trichomonas, treatment continues. Local remedies become help medications at this stage. The cervix is additionally treated with chlorophyllipt, Dimexide or silver solution. Physiotherapy used:

magnet;
ultraviolet irradiation;
Electrophoresis of magnesium.

The measures are aimed at restoring the vaginal microflora. Sometimes there is a need to use hormonal drugs. Laboratory tests are performed throughout the course of treatment.

To estimate the time required to eliminate vaginosis after trichomonas, it is necessary to take into account the timing of treatment of trichomoniasis itself - this is 10 days of antibacterial therapy. Repeated tests for the presence of infection are done no earlier than 7–10 days after the end of antibiotic treatment. If laboratory confirmation is received that there are no trichomonas in the body, then treatment of cervicitis begins. Cervicitis after treatment goes away in 15–20 days, if the process is not started and surgical intervention is not required.

conclusions

To protect yourself from infection with Trichomonas, you must use by individual means protection. Demanding an orderly sex life is useless, especially in at a young age. Women should remember that in men the infection can be in hidden form and treating only one sexual partner will result in reinfection.

Video: About the treatment of various diseases with propolis, including cervicitis and trichomonas infection

Video: Treatment of chronic cervicitis using phonophoresis

The inflammatory process in the cervix can be caused by various pathogens, which determines treatment tactics. The classic scheme involves complex therapy using suppositories for cervical inflammation as external preparations.

Indications for use

To restore the natural microflora of the vagina during cervicitis, suppositories are used as an auxiliary remedy. It is impossible to eliminate the pathology with their help; the action of the drugs is aimed at suppressing the symptoms of the disease. Suppositories have the following effects:

Relieving inflammation.
Reduced pathogen activity.
Removal of the affected epithelium.
Normalization of discharge.
Relief of pain syndrome.
Activation of the regeneration process.
Prevention of penetration of additional pathogens into the mucosa.

The use of suppositories is also recommended in cases of contraindications to oral administration medicinal substance due to concomitant diseases organs of the digestive or excretory system. The drug acts locally without being absorbed into the blood.

In this situation, it should be taken into account that suppositories are not as effective as other treatment methods, so it is necessary to take additional measures prevention of complications.

Vaginal suppositories are also prescribed as a course to prepare the vaginal environment for surgery.

Types of suppositories for cervicitis

Most candles are potent drugs. Treatment with suppositories is allowed only as prescribed by a doctor, who takes into account general state patients, data on the severity of the disease and the nature of the pathogen. For the treatment of cervical inflammation, suppositories can be prescribed:

If necessary, therapy can be supplemented with rectal suppositories to relieve pain and tissue swelling. Allows you to speed up regeneration. They are also used as remedy in mild forms of the disease.

Contraindications

Candles must not be used when hypersensitivity to the active substance of the drug. Symptoms of the development of an allergic reaction are the appearance in the vaginal area:

burning;
itching;
peeling;
redness;
swelling of tissues.

Acute cervicitis is also considered a contraindication to treatment with suppositories. In this case, the use of topical drugs can provoke the penetration of an infectious agent into the uterus. Suppositories are prescribed by the attending physician only in cases of damage to the surface epithelium.

Contraindications include:

Malignant neoplasms. In particular, the use of suppositories is prohibited for bone marrow cancer, leukemia, and malignant proliferation of lymphoid tissue.
The presence of warts and papillomas on the skin.
Blood diseases.
Malignant formations in the peritoneum.
Epilepsy.
Weakness, dizziness, frequent attacks migraine.

Pregnancy may be a contraindication to the use of suppositories. The active substance, penetrating into the blood, can cause abnormalities in the development of the fetus. Prescription of suppositories for a pregnant woman is carried out by a gynecologist.

Treatment with suppositories is contraindicated if the vaginal tissue is damaged as a result of mechanical stress, accompanying pathologies. Attempts to enter medicine in this form can aggravate the patient’s condition.

Reviews

Elena, 23 years old

“In the winter I managed to get very cold several times. The result was cervicitis caused by the action of E. coli and staphylococcus. 2 months before, she was treated for another disease, for which she took a course of strong antibiotics. It is possible that addiction to antibacterial drugs has developed. After the first treatment regimen prescribed by the gynecologist did not give positive results, McMiror Complex was prescribed. The course is only 8 days.

Candles had to be placed once a day. In the morning there was copious discharge of a bright yellow color with an unpleasant odor. Throughout the treatment I had to walk with thick pads for critical days so as not to stain your laundry. But the biggest drawback was the price (more than 1000 rubles per package). The next stage of treatment was Genferon suppositories, which have antibacterial effect and enhancing immunity. Repeated tests showed that there was no inflammation. After 2 months, I took tests again, and no relapse of the disease was detected.”

Victoria, 35 years old

“I try to go to the gynecologist at least twice a year. For any pain, suspicious discharge I immediately make an appointment with the doctor. Rarely were suspicions and panic confirmed. During a routine examination, cervicitis was discovered. During this period, no pain or discharge was observed, so a suspicion arose of an erroneous diagnosis.

An examination by another specialist confirmed the presence of inflammation. The gynecologist explained that at the first stage the disease can be asymptomatic. Both clinics prescribed almost identical treatment regimens. Preference was given to taking the drugs Milgamma, Voltaren, Pyrogenal, Ofloxocin, Terzhinan, Diflazon, Trichopolum. There was a temptation to refuse treatment with tablets and limit ourselves to suppositories, but even the instructions for the drug indicate the need to combine it with other forms of medicines.”

Evgeniya, 30 years old

“I treated thrush several times, but it always came back. Having discovered the presence of symptoms, I had to make an appointment with a doctor. But the examination was not limited to taking a smear. The gynecologist suspected inflammation of the cervix. The panic of waiting for test results gave way to horror when the diagnosis was confirmed. Pimafucin and Ecofemin suppositories were prescribed for treatment. If, after getting rid of the fungus, cervicitis does not go away, then you will have to take a course of already potent drugs.”

If a woman is diagnosed with a disease, it is necessary to fight it, otherwise, if untimely treatment, the walls of the cervix thicken, which inevitably leads to serious illnesses, such as erosion and cervical ulcers. In addition, there is a possibility of the formation of genital dysplasia with cercivitis, cancer and even infertility. For successful treatment cercivitis, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of its development. The topic of this article is cervicitis treatment. Suppositories for cervicitis are one of the most effective methods treatment.

Cervicitis treatment: suppositories for cervicitis

Antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral suppositories from cervicitis.

Since the main cause of the development of cervicitis is an infection, which can be bacterial, viral or fungal. It is also possible the simultaneous presence of several infections at once, which in turn causes a more severe course of the disease and its transition to a chronic form.

The main medications used in the treatment of cervicitis are: Acyclovir, Metronidazole, Diflucan, Doxycycline, etc. The dosage, as well as the choice of a particular drug, is determined by the attending physician, taking into account the data obtained after the studies performed.

Combined drugs for cervicitis, combining anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects.

Hormonal creams, suppositories.

Hormonal suppositories for cervicitis are used, as a rule, in the treatment of chronic cervicitis, which is accompanied by atrophy, i.e. depletion of the mucous surface of the cervix. As a rule, medications containing female sex hormones and estrogens are used for these purposes.

Ovestin, a hormonal drug available in the form vaginal cream, suppositories and tablets for use in the treatment of chronic cervicitis. This drug promotes the restoration of cells of the mucous membrane and cervix.

Alternative treatment with suppositories for cervicitis

If cervical erosion occurs as a result of cervicitis, then after anti-inflammatory treatment, cryodestruction, laser therapy and other methods of treating cervical erosion can be performed. Treatment of cervicitis using folk remedies is not recommended.

Cervicitis today is a very common disease in women, which occurs in the mucous membrane of the cervix. The main reasons may be: sexually transmitted infections, mechanical irritants and inflammatory processes of the vagina and cervix. Suppositories are used both for preventive purposes (after visiting the pool, swimming in various bodies of water), and for the direct treatment of diseases such as cervical inflammation, trichomoniasis, erosion, uterine fibroids and various fungal diseases.

Symptoms characteristic of cervicitis:

Copious discharge with an unpleasant odor.

Using Hexicon candles: reviews and instructions

Women's sores are an unpleasant, disgusting and quite unpredictable thing. It would be nice if everything were simple and clear! Yes, I didn’t follow the rules of hygiene, yes, passion got to my head and they forgot about the condom!

To solve gynecological problems, doctors often prescribe Hexicon suppositories.

Hexicon candles - instructions for use

The composition of the suppository is very simple - chlorhexedine in the amount of 0.016 mg. The remaining substances included in the Hexicon candle play a supporting role.

Indications for use:

Hexicon suppositories do not disturb the vaginal microflora and are not absorbed through mucous membranes. Mothers of babies need not worry if their child accidentally discovered and swallowed Hexicon candles. A positive quality of the drug is that it is also not absorbed in the stomach.

The instructions for use state that it is best to use vaginal suppositories for the night. If the drug is used 2 times a day, after administration you should lie down for an hour. The drug is safe for pregnant and lactating women. But it can be used only if there are indications for treatment.

Candles for thrush Hexicon

The causative agent of thrush is a fungus of the genus Candida. He lives with us all our adult lives, without showing himself. The localization is different - the vagina, the intestines, and urinary tract. Many have seen manifestations of candidiasis not only in photos, but also in person. While the immune system is in good order, the causative agent of thrush does not manifest itself, but if you get sick or are treated with antibiotics, hello, dear women.

Hexicon suppositories are prescribed as part of the treatment of thrush. But what does the instructions for use say? medicinal drug? Are there any indications for use?

Suppositories have an anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous effect. These symptoms accompany the course of thrush. In addition, it is rare to find only Candida fungi in a smear. Usually the microflora is mixed, the level of leukocytes is increased.

Reviews about the use of the drug in the treatment of thrush vary. It helped some, but others negative reviews. So, Hexicon suppositories should not be used as monotherapy during the treatment of candidiasis. Only in combination with antifungal agents You can cure all manifestations of thrush!

Can vaginal suppositories be used during menstruation? Experts do not recommend using vaginal products until the menstrual bleeding has stopped. The blood that is released during menstruation will quickly dissolve the suppositories and, accordingly, be removed from the body.

Hexicon suppositories and erosion

Erosion is ulcerative lesions any mucous membrane - stomach, intestines, vagina, cervix. Manifestations of erosion are shown in the following photo. In gynecological practice, cervical erosion occurs after suffering inflammatory processes and various hormonal imbalances.

A gynecologist should diagnose and prescribe treatment. First of all, it is necessary to establish the cause of the erosion process. To do this, the necessary tests are taken, and, if necessary, colposcopy.

If the size of the erosion is small, then doctors may prescribe vaginal suppositories for treatment. If there are indications, including Hexicon candles.

Chlorhyxedine, the main active ingredient, successfully copes with many pathogens. And very often, by removing the cause of inflammation, erosion can be healed.

So at the first sign of a worsening situation, treatment should be discontinued and consult a doctor.

Medicines periodically like to go through re-registration, obtaining new licenses and permits, and other bureaucratic troubles.

What to do if the doctor prescribed Hexicon, but it is not available in pharmacies for the reasons stated above? Do not despair! The main thing is to know the analogues of your favorite drug.

You may not be a pharmacist, but in any pharmacy a specialist will be able to find an analogue with the same active ingredient.

Plivasept.

Anti-inflammatory suppositories in gynecology - for adnesitis, endometriosis, erosion

Almost no disease affecting the female reproductive organs can be treated without the use of suppositories, which are used either vaginally or rectally.

This is especially important in the treatment of inflammatory gynecological processes. Anti-inflammatory suppositories are widely used in gynecology, but in addition to their advantages, they also have a number of disadvantages, as do all other medications.

Suppositories as a dosage form

Candles (suppositories) are considered one of dosage forms medical supplies and consist of a base (which gives the shape of a candle) and a medicinal substance. A characteristic feature of suppositories is their ability to remain solid at room temperature and melt to a liquid state at body temperature. According to the method of administration, suppositories are divided into 3 groups:

rectal - inserted through the anus into the rectum and can be shaped like a cigar, cone or pointed cylinder;

vaginal - inserted into the vagina and come in the form of balls, egg-shaped or cone-shaped;

sticks - inserted into the cervix, ureter, into the external ear canal and so on.

The advantage of suppositories is that the drug enters the blood quickly (after 30 minutes about 50%, after 1 hour - 100%), bypassing digestive tract without being destroyed in the liver. In addition, suppositories that are administered vaginally, in addition to their generalized effect, have a local effect on the site of damage. When using suppositories, there are practically no allergic reactions, and the administration of suppositories itself is quite simple and painless.

Candles for women with colpitis

When the vaginal mucosa becomes inflamed, we talk about colpitis (vaginitis). Depending on the infectious agent that caused the inflammatory process, vaginitis can be specific (for example, trichomonas, fungal, gonorrheal, etc.) and nonspecific (staphylococcal, streptococcal, polymicrobial). Distinctive features colpitis is an unpleasant sensation in the area of the external genitalia (unbearable itching, burning), an increase in vaginal leucorrhoea, as a rule, they have bad smell, there may be an increase in temperature, pain in the lower abdomen, and urinary disorders.

The main importance in the treatment of colpitis is the appointment of local therapy aimed at destroying pathogenic microorganisms and suppression of their activity. In the first 3–4 days, douching is prescribed (no more than 2 times a day, see how to do douching correctly) with antiseptic solutions (chlorhexidine, rivanol, sodium bicarbonate, potassium permanganate) and/or decoctions of medicinal herbs (calendula, chamomile, lemon balm , sage). Anti-inflammatory suppositories are prescribed simultaneously with douching.

Treatment of colpitis with vaginal suppositories depends on the pathogen, that is, suppositories are selected that are most active against a particular pathological microflora. Therefore, any drug is prescribed only by a gynecologist based on the result clinical picture, laboratory tests and the patient’s medical history, self-medication is unacceptable and dangerous.

Nonspecific vaginitis

For nonspecific colpitis, suppositories are usually prescribed, the main component of which is an antibacterial drug wide range action and/or antiseptic. Good anti-inflammatory suppositories include:

Polygynax. consists of neomycin, nystatin, polymyxin B, prescribed 2 times a day for a period of 5 – 14 days, (price 6 pcs. 280 rubles, 12 pcs. 450 rubles)

Terzhinan. this is a combination of ternidazole, neomycin, nystatin, prednisolone, prescribed once a day in the evening for 10 days (price 240-400 rubles)

Meratin-combi. consists of ornidazole, neomycin, nystatin and prednisolone, 1 suppository is administered before bedtime for 10 days

Mikozhinaks. combination of metronidazole, chloramphenicol, dexamethasone and nystatin, duration of treatment 7 - 14 days, 1 - 2 suppositories per day are administered

Hexicon. the main substance is chlorhexidine digluconate, the course of therapy is 7–10 days, it is necessary to administer 1 suppository daily (price 250 rubles)

Betadine- active substance iodine, prescribed twice a day for 6 - 12 days (280-350 rubles)

Gardnerellosis

If gardnerella is detected in the smear, suppositories are prescribed, the main active ingredient in which is metronidazole. IN this list includes:

Ginalgin(Ukraine), contain tinidazole, sinestrol, vitamin C, lactic acid, daily before bed for 7 - 10 days

Terzhinan, Meratin-combi(Ukraine), Mikozhinaks(Ukraine) twice a day for 12 days

Metronidazole, Flagyl, Trichopolum(vaginal tablets) twice a day for 10 days

Klion-D— consists of metronidazole and miconazole, it is recommended to use it once a day for 10 days (about 200 rubles)

Colpitis caused by Trichomonas

If trichomonas are found in the vaginal contents, suppositories with Metronidazole are prescribed ( antimicrobial effect, effective against anaerobic microorganisms - Trichomonas) and its derivatives:

Ginalgin, Klion D, Trichopolum, Flagyl, Pitrid 1 per day for 10 days.

Other suppositories are also widely used:

Tinidazole (Gaynomax suppositories) for 10 days

Macmiror complex (500 rubles) consists of nifuratel and nystatin, therefore it is used for chlamydia, candidiasis, trichomoniasis and nonspecific vaginitis, used in a course of 8 days, one at a time before bedtime

Terzhinan

Meratin-combi

Mikozhinax one daily for 10 days

Trichomonacid course for 10 days

Trichocide twice a day

Neo-penotran (700-800 rubles) - contains metronidazole and miconazole, twice a day for two weeks

Hexicon for 7 – 20 days three times a day.

Treatment with anti-inflammatory suppositories for trichomonas colpitis is carried out over a three-month period (immediately after menstruation) in cycles of 10 days.

Genital herpes

The main emphasis in the treatment of genital herpes is on antiviral drugs. Suppositories are used locally, the components of which are antiviral agents:

A-interferon 1 – 2 times a day for 1 week

Viferon twice a day for 5 – 7 days

Poludan three times a day for 7 – 10 days, treat the vulva and insert tampons with ointment into the vagina

In addition to suppositories, ointments are used for tampons and treatment of the vulva: acyclovir, bonafton, epigen, alpizarin, megosin

Candidiasis colpitis

In the treatment of candidal colpitis, suppositories with an antifungal effect are used: nystatin, natamycin, clotrimazole, canesten. Antifungal creams may be prescribed: pimafucort, miconazole and oral tablets (flucostat, pimafucin, see antifungal drugs in tablets), and also see a detailed review of all suppositories for thrush.

After etiotropic therapy (suppression of activity and death of the pathogen), the second stage in the treatment of colpitis begins, aimed at reviving the normal microflora of the vagina. The purpose of the second stage is to create conditions for the proliferation of lactobacilli and increase their number. The list of candles used includes:

Bifidumbacterin (contains live bifidobacteria) is prescribed 1 suppository twice a day for 5 - 10 days.

Bifikol (dried bifidobacteria) daily, one course for 7 - 10 days.

Acylact 1 time per day in the evening for 10 days (about 110 rubles).

Vagilak (500 rubles), Laktozhinal (400-450 rubles), these are lactobacilli, 1 vaginal capsule in the morning and evening for a total cycle of 10 days.

In addition, the contents of ampoules with bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are diluted with water and administered intravaginally on tampons (colibacterin, bificol, bifidumbacterin).

Suppositories for adnesitis, endometriosis - for inflammation of the internal organs of the reproductive system

Inflammatory diseases of the internal organs of the female reproductive system are caused by both specific (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia and others) and nonspecific microorganisms. Inflammation of the appendages (adnexitis) is said to occur when pain appears in one or both groin areas, dull, aching and cutting in nature.

Endometritis - inflammation of the uterus is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen, above the pubis and often occurs after intrauterine interventions (abortion (consequences), curettage, operative delivery). Both adnexitis and endometritis occur with a pronounced intoxication syndrome, manifested by a significant increase in temperature, weakness, fatigue, and lack of appetite.

In treatment inflammatory diseases internal genital organs include, first of all, antibacterial drugs. Along with intravenous infusions and antibiotics, suppositories are prescribed for both adnexitis and endometritis.

Treatment with suppositories for adnexitis and endometritis has several goals. Rectal anti-inflammatory suppositories are suppositories whose main components are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs have a number of effects:

anti-inflammatory;

anesthetic;

antipyretic.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties are realized due to the ability of the drugs NSAID groups suppress the synthesis of prostaglandins formed in a huge number during inflammation and cause pain. Rectal anti-inflammatory suppositories are prescribed simultaneously with the start of antibiotic therapy for a total cycle of 7–10 days:

suppositories with Indomethacin 1 time in the evening

Movalis suppositories 1 time before bedtime (active ingredient myeloxicam) for 5 - 7 days

Voltaren suppositories morning and evening

belladonna suppositories 1 to 3 times a day (strong analgesic)

Diclofenac suppositories daily, 1 suppository

Flamax suppositories (active ingredient ketoprofen) once for 7 days

Anti-inflammatory suppositories for adnexitis and endometritis are also prescribed intravaginally. First of all, pursuing the goal of sanitizing the vagina and suppressing anaerobic microflora, in particular Trichomonas.

Vaginal suppositories include fluomizin and terzhinan, the main substance of suppositories is metronidazole. The treatment cycle lasts 7–10 days, 1–2 suppositories are prescribed daily.

After completing therapy with anti-inflammatory drugs (both suppositories and injections or tablets), it is necessary to restore normal biocenosis vagina. For this purpose, suppositories with bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (bifidumbacterin, acylact and others) are prescribed. also in recovery period For pelvic inflammation, Longidaza suppositories are used.

Longidaza suppositories are a drug that has proteolytic properties and prevents the formation of adhesions or resolves them. In addition to enzymatic activity, longidase normalizes immunity and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The course of treatment is long, from 14 to 21 days, suppositories are administered rectally, 1 at a time before bedtime.

Suppositories for cervical erosion

More than half of the fairer sex and of childbearing age have cervical erosion. In the case where multilayer squamous epithelium, the vaginal part of the cervix is desquamated, and the defect site is “occupied” by columnar epithelial cells lining the cervical canal, which speaks of cervical erosion.

Therefore more correct name The disease is ectopia (protrusion of columnar epithelial cells) of the cervix. The factors that provoke cervical ectopia are varied, but therapy for the disease consists of destroying the pathological area on the cervix by chemical, electrical, laser and other methods.

From the above it follows that there are no suppositories for cervical erosion; all suppositories are prescribed before and after radical treatment ectopia.

On the eve of treatment of cervical ectopia (by any method: laser, cryodestruction, radio wave, etc.), anti-inflammatory suppositories are prescribed for preventive purposes (for 5–7 days every evening). This prevents the development of postoperative inflammatory processes of the cervix. Typically, candles are used:

Hexicon, Polygynax, Livarol ( antifungal drug) and others.

After cauterization of cervical ectopia, 4–5 days after the manipulation, it is recommended to administer suppositories that not only have bactericidal properties, but also have a wound-healing, antioxidant and stimulating effect on the body as a whole and on the area with the wound surface.

For example, they are effective in treating postoperative period cervical erosion sea buckthorn candles, Depantol, Suporon, Galavit, Galenophyllipt suppositories, phytor suppositories, as well as Revitaxa and Eucolec suppositories. Treatment with suppositories with reparative properties is prescribed for a period of 10–14 every day, 1 suppository in the evening.

Obstetrician-gynecologist Anna Sozinova

Cervicitis

Cervicitis is a disease associated with inflammation of the cervix of a predominantly infectious nature. Most often it occurs in women aged 18 to 45 years who are sexually active. Pathology has two main forms: acute and chronic. The second occurs against the background of the not fully cured first.

The disease is often combined with infections such as chlamydia. gonorrhea. genital herpes. various pathologies and injuries to the female reproductive system.

Causes of cervicitis

The main cause of cervicitis of the cervix is infection (streptococcus, staphylococcus, gonococcus, E. coli, etc.). Usually the disease is diagnosed together with trichomoniasis. chlamydia or any other STI. Pathogenic microorganisms have the ability to penetrate the uterus through the bloodstream, through lymphoid tissue, the rectum, or through unprotected sexual contact with their carrier.

Another cause of inflammatory processes in the cervical area is injury to the organ resulting from a gynecological examination, any surgical intervention(termination of pregnancy, curettage, installation of an intrauterine device), difficult childbirth. The inflammatory process can be provoked by rough sexual contact, the presence benign neoplasm uterus (fibroids), cervical ectopia, vaginitis, frequent colds, decrease protective functions body, hormonal imbalance.

In women who have reached menopause, cervicitis, as a rule, does not occur or is quite rare. The risk group is predominantly young women.

Symptoms of cervicitis

In many cases, the disease does not manifest itself in any way and is diagnosed when the patient consults a specialist about the infection. If cervicitis is not infectious nature, but arose, for example, after an unsuccessful abortion, it is difficult to determine its presence. This can only be done by a gynecologist during a medical examination.

Inflammation of the cervical mucosa is accompanied by hyperemia (redness), and sometimes swelling. In this case, the mucous membrane becomes loose, there are minor erosions, bruises, and ulcers. The following manifestations are characteristic of cervicitis:

weak aching pain in the lower abdomen;
rare bleeding from the vagina. sometimes - with an admixture of pus;
cloudy mucous discharge from the vagina, regardless of the menstrual cycle;
painful menstruation.

When inflammation spreads to nearby organs, the patient may experience: weakness, low-grade fever bodies, frequent urge to urination, etc. Specific symptoms depend on which organ was involved in the inflammatory process.

Treatment of cervicitis

Cervicitis can lead to very serious female body consequences. Moreover, the further the inflammation process has gone, the more difficult it will be to cure it. To avoid unpleasant complications and consequences of the disease, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist twice a year and undergo an examination.

Cervicitis is easily diagnosed. The specialist examines the cervix using a speculum. If inflammation is suspected, colposcopy is performed - a procedure that also allows one to determine the presence of cervical erosion. dysplasia. any precancerous conditions. Determining the underlying cause of cervicitis may require laboratory analysis vaginal microflora. If a specialist suspects the presence of an STI, additional tests are prescribed.

There are general and local methods of treating cervicitis. When prescribing therapy, the cause of the disease is taken into account. If an infection is detected, antibiotics are indicated. The specific drug is prescribed by the doctor, taking into account the main pathogen.

The course of treatment ranges from 1 to 7 days. After eliminating the cause of the disease, cervicitis usually goes away within 1-2 weeks. This process is accelerated by local therapy: the use of special creams, suppositories that help relieve inflammation and heal the mucous membrane, treating the cervix with solutions (silver nitrate, Dimexide). The most safe means Suppositories (candles) are considered to cope well with inflammation of the cervix. For example, Hexicon. Suppositories for the treatment of cervicitis have various properties (relieve inflammation, fight infection), and also do not disrupt the natural microflora of the vagina and can be used during pregnancy.

As a supplement for inflammatory diseases of the cervix in women, it is recommended to take vitamins and drugs that stimulate the immune system. If conservative therapy does not give the desired result, they resort to surgical methods of treatment (coagulation of the cervical mucosa).

In any case, get advice about how to treat cervicitis. only possible qualified specialist. Self-therapy is unacceptable, because just like complete absence treatment, can lead to the development of complications (difficulty in conceiving and bearing a fetus in the future, polyps, ectopia of the cervix).

Chronic cervicitis

The old form of the disease has very subtle manifestations. Symptoms of chronic cervicitis may include occasional aching pain in the lower abdomen and mucous discharge from the vagina. In the presence of a sexually transmitted infection, which also has a chronic course, signs such as burning and itching in the vagina are noted. worsening before menstruation, rare discharge with an unpleasant odor, frequent urge to urinate (when the inflammatory process spreads to the bladder).

Long-term inflammation of the cervix can lead to irreversible consequences– the appearance of adhesions, scars on the mucous membrane, its dysplasia, and in rare cases – malignant tumor(non-invasive cancer). Chronic cervicitis is difficult to treat, therefore, when diagnosing the disease, priority is given to surgical treatment methods (exposure to the affected area of the mucous membrane with a laser, high-frequency current, conization of the cervix).

Purulent cervicitis

This form of the disease is infectious in nature. Purulent cervicitis occurs against the background of STIs (trichomoniasis, gonorrhea), when pathogens penetrate various layers of the cervical mucosa. Its main manifestations:

profuse (mixed with pus), unpleasant-smelling vaginal discharge;
uterine bleeding not associated with the menstrual cycle;
lower abdominal pain;
low-grade body temperature, malaise (in rare cases).

The basis of treatment in such cases is the antibiotics Ampiox, Oxacillin, Erythromycin, prescribed intramuscularly or orally. Surgical methods of treatment for purulent cervicitis are contraindicated.

Cervicitis during pregnancy

Cervicitis is one of the causes of miscarriage and premature birth. With an infectious course of the disease, there is a high probability of infection of the fetus during childbirth. Cervicitis diagnosed during pregnancy must be treated before labor begins. For this purpose, antibiotics are prescribed, but in very limited quantities.

Preference is given to local treatment methods using vaginal tablets and suppositories. Inflammation not associated with infection can be relieved by douching the vagina with Dimexide solution.

Information about similar diseases:

Cervicitis (endocervicitis, exocervicitis): causes, signs, diagnosis, how to treat

The vast majority of women who seek help from a gynecologist suffer from inflammatory diseases reproductive system. If such diseases are not identified and treated in time, they progress to the chronic stage, periodically reminding of themselves with exacerbations.

It is extremely difficult to cope with this form of inflammation, so it is important to consult a doctor for help at the first signs of an acute process. Inflammatory reaction, which occurs in the cervix is called cervicitis and is often a consequence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Causes and classification

The cervix is the narrowest part of the uterus and communicates with the vagina. The cervix has the shape of a cylinder and is pierced through by a narrow cervical canal, which is like a continuation of the uterine cavity. Normally, it is closed by a dense mucous plug, which protects the overlying genital organs from penetration of microorganisms from external environment. It is produced by cells of the mucous layer of the cervical canal.

The structure of the female reproductive system

They are hormone-dependent, so the viscosity of the mucus depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle. During ovulation, their secretions thin out to make it easier for sperm to penetrate from the vagina into the uterus. Accordingly, at the same time, the risk of infection of the overlying female genital organs increases.

Under the mucous layer there is a muscle layer - it is quite powerful, since during pregnancy it is responsible for holding the growing fetus in the uterine cavity. A dense serous membrane separates the cervix from other organs. The cervix has two parts:

Ectocervix– the gynecologist sees it in the vagina during examination in the mirrors. This is the outer part of the neck, it looks like a dense disk with a hole in the middle. Covered with flat non-keratinizing epithelium, the same as the walls of the vagina.
Endocervix- This invisible to the eye during a routine examination, the part that directly passes into the uterus. From the inside it is lined with secretory columnar epithelium, into which microorganisms easily penetrate when various kinds infections.

The inflammatory process can be localized in:

Exocervix – exocervicitis;
Endocervix – endocervicitis;
In both parts of the cervix there is cervicitis.

Since the cervix and vagina are closely connected to each other, it is extremely rare that cervicitis develops in isolation. As a rule, it is a consequence of colpitis. bakvaginitis or vulvitis and easily turns into endometritis - inflammation of the mucous layer of the uterus.

Due to the inflammatory process there are:

Nonspecific cervicitis– it is caused by opportunistic bacteria that live on the skin and in the rectum (Escherichia coli, staphylococci and streptococci) when they are introduced into a woman’s genital tract. In addition, it also develops under conditions of insufficient estrogen production during menopause and ovarian hypofunction.
Specific– it occurs when exposed to STI pathogens, most often gonococcus. chlamydia. ureaplasma. mycoplasma. genital herpes virus. yeast-like fungus candida. Tuberculous cervicitis of the cervix also occurs if Koch's bacillus penetrates it with the flow of blood or lymph from foci of tuberculosis.

According to the duration of the flow, they are distinguished:

Acute cervicitis– lasts up to 2 weeks;
Subacute– from 2 weeks to 6 months;
Chronic- over six months. It is characterized by periods of remission - subsidence of the symptoms of the disease and exacerbation, when they gain strength again. The causes of chronic cervicitis are usually chlamydia, mycoplasma and ureaplasma, as well as hormonal imbalances.

U healthy woman The cervical canal is reliably protected from infectious agents, since its mucus contains lysozyme and immunoglobulins - substances harmful to them. Plays an important role normal microflora vagina: it prevents the proliferation of pathogenic microbes, acidifying the environment. Cervicitis develops under the influence of provoking factors, which include:

Childbirth, abortion;
Invasive interventions (hysteroscopy, IVF);
Infectious diseases;
Exacerbations of chronic diseases;
Hormonal disorders;
Metabolic diseases;
Injuries of the pelvis and female genital organs;
Lack of personal hygiene.

They all lead to local and general immune disorders and create a favorable situation for the introduction of the pathogen into the epithelium of the cervical canal.

What happens in the body

Microorganisms enter the cervix through:

Vagina– during unprotected sexual intercourse or with insufficient hygienic care;
Blood or lymph- from outbreaks chronic inflammation, which are located in any part of the body.

Having penetrated the mucous membrane of the cervical canal, the pathogen begins to actively multiply, releasing its metabolic products into the surrounding tissues. The latter cause cell death and reaction immune system, due to which the inflammatory process develops. At the injection site, blood stagnates, blood vessels dilate and their permeability increases. Liquid plasma, together with immune cells, enters the tissue and forms edema - this is how the source of inflammation is localized. If the first reaction is adequate, then the pathogen cannot spread beyond the mucous membrane and inflammation is limited only to it. After this, the foreign microflora is destroyed and removed from the cervical canal along with mucus, and damaged tissue are gradually being restored.

With an insufficient immune response or certain characteristics of the pathogen, inflammation becomes chronic. Microorganism long time remains in the body, as it is able to penetrate into cells or evade the immune response and the action of antibiotics in other ways. From time to time it becomes active, destroys tissue, and causes inflammation. As a rule, exacerbations are of low intensity, but prolonged damage to the mucosa and deeper layers leads to excessive growth connective tissue. As a result, the cavity of the cervical canal narrows, becomes deformed, or mucous cysts form in its thickness. They appear when covered with connective tissue elements excretory duct cervical gland. The cells of the latter continue to produce mucus, which accumulates inside the cavity, gradually stretching it. The cyst grows in size and can significantly disrupt the anatomy of the cervix. A chronic focus of inflammation is fraught with another danger. Damage to epithelial cells sooner or later leads to their degeneration - dysplasia followed by malignancy.

Purulent cervicitis develops most often under the influence of nonspecific microflora– Escherichia coli, staphylococcus, Proteus. They cause a powerful inflammatory response, which involves neutrophils - a type immune cells. Dead neutrophils and remnants of destroyed tissue form purulent detritus, which is released through the genital tract to the outside. This form of the disease usually occurs with disruption general well-being and pronounced signs of intoxication, since decomposition products are partially absorbed into the blood and distributed throughout the body.

Cervicitis during pregnancy is dangerous because it is fraught with intrauterine infection of the fetus and can cause miscarriage.

Symptoms

It is extremely rare that cervicitis develops separately, so its symptoms are usually combined with damage to the underlying parts of the genital tract. These include:

Burning and itching in the external genital area, in the vagina;
Redness and swelling of the labia;
Unpleasant discharge from the genital tract.

Symptoms of cervicitis of the cervix appear acutely; it is often possible to trace their relationship with previous unprotected sexual intercourse. The woman is worried about nagging, aching pain in the lower abdomen, increased body temperature, decreased appetite and general weakness. Discharge appears from the genital tract– from mucous to yellow-green purulent. with an unpleasant odor, sometimes foamy. With a pronounced inflammatory process, streaks of blood may be observed in them. With fungal cervicitis, the discharge is cheesy and has a sour odor.

symptoms of cervicitis are redness of the cervix and discharge from the genital tract

In some cases acute inflammation proceeds unnoticed by the woman, with slight pain in the lower abdomen and unpleasant sensations during sexual intercourse. In this case, there is a high risk of the infection progressing to the chronic stage. Outside of exacerbations, the disease does not manifest itself in any way; mucous or cloudy discharge from the vagina can only bother you. With a relapse, their volume increases, their character changes: color, smell, consistency. Minor aching pain occurs in suprapubic region, which intensify during sex. A woman may not suspect the presence of cervicitis for a long time until symptoms appear. serious consequences diseases. Most often, exocervicitis is detected when gynecological examination, and endocervicitis during examination for leucorrhoea, pain during sexual intercourse, infertility.

Chronic atrophic cervicitis, which develops with insufficient estrogen production, appears gradually and is accompanied by other signs of hormonal imbalance. A woman is worried about dryness and itching in the vagina, deterioration in the quality of skin, hair, nails, and decreased libido. If the disease develops before menopause, the leading symptoms are often menstrual irregularities and problems conceiving a child.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made by a gynecologist based on the results of examination and additional methods research. He collects anamnesis, studies complaints and symptoms. During the examination on the chair, the doctor sees foci of inflammation, pinpoint hemorrhages on the surface of the exocervix, an increase in its size due to swelling, redness and swelling of the walls of the vagina and external genitalia. Gynecologist takes a smear from the surface of the cervix for further examination under a microscope - cytology. The resulting material is also sown on nutrient media - the grown colonies of the pathogen make it possible to determine its type and sensitivity to antibiotics. Doctor if necessary measures the pH of vaginal discharge– its increase indicates changes in its microflora.

Chronic cervicitis leads to the appearance of pathological foci on the cervix - they are identified when treating it iodine solution. In this case, carry out colposcopy– study of the epithelium of the exocervix under high magnification to exclude malignant degeneration of its cells. To diagnose chronic endocervicitis, curettage of the cervical canal is performed followed by examination cellular composition the received material. To exclude tumors of the female reproductive system, they are examined using ultrasound.

in the photo: an image obtained during colposcopy - an inflammatory process in the cervix

General clinical blood and urine tests are rarely performed, since changes in them are non-specific or absent altogether. Biochemical composition plasma also changes little. However, specific antibodies to STI pathogens - gonococcus, chlamydia, and genital herpes virus - can be detected in the blood. Such diagnostics allows you to avoid waiting for bacterial culture results to select the most effective therapy.

Treatment

As a rule, treatment of cervicitis of the cervix is carried out in outpatient setting unless surgery is required. The main goal of therapy is to eliminate the pathogen and provoking factors of the disease. When STI pathogens are identified, treatment of cervicitis must be carried out in both partners, and for the duration of therapy they are advised to abstain from sexual intercourse or use condoms.

The gynecologist selects drugs, taking into account the causative agent of the disease:

At nonspecific microflora they use broad-spectrum antibiotics, often combining two drugs (amoxiclav, ciprofloxacin), and prescribing them orally in the form of tablets;
At fungal infection use vaginal suppositories with nystatin (fluconazole);
Herpes virus infection treated with acyclovir orally;
Atrophic cervicitis requires hormone replacement therapy.

Additionally, drugs are prescribed that improve the immune response - polygynax, lycopid, thymalin. Patients are advised to take multivitamins, good nutrition, physiotherapy and physiotherapy.

It is most difficult to treat the disease during pregnancy, since most medications are contraindicated during this period of life. As a rule, a suppository with an antiseptic is prescribed - hexicon.

Folk remedies for cervicitis should be used as an addition to the main therapy. You can irrigate the vagina with infusion of chamomile, calendula, oak bark, and make sitz baths with the same herbs.

Surgical treatment of cervicitis is required when there is significant scarring of the cervical canal or the formation of cysts in it. After treatment, the woman is observed by a gynecologist at her place of residence, as there is a possibility of relapse of the disease.

A long-term inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the vaginal and supravaginal part of the cervix, which in some cases extends to its connective tissue and muscle layer. During remission, symptoms are limited to an increase in the number vaginal discharge. During exacerbation, the volume of discharge increases, it becomes mucopurulent, and the patient notes pain in the lower abdomen. When making a diagnosis, data from extended colposcopy, bacteriological, serological and cytological tests, gynecological ultrasound. Antibiotics, hormonal drugs, eubiotics, and immune agents are used for treatment.

Diagnostics

Because the clinical manifestations chronic cervicitis are nonspecific and usually mild, the leading role in diagnosis is played by physical, instrumental and laboratory research. The most informative for making a diagnosis are:

Inspection on the chair. There is slight swelling of the mucous membrane, the cervix looks thickened and somewhat enlarged. In the area of the exocervix, eroded areas and papillomatous growths are detected.
Extended colposcopy. Examination under a microscope allows you to clarify the condition of the mucosa and timely identify precancerous changes and malignant degeneration of the epithelium.
Laboratory etiological studies. A flora smear and culture with an antibiogram are aimed at detecting the pathogen and assessing its sensitivity to etiotropic drugs. Using PCR, RIF, ELISA, you can reliably determine the type of specific infectious agent.
Cytomorphological diagnostics. When examining a scraping of the cervix, the nature of the changes and the condition of the cells of the exo- and endocervix are assessed. Histology of the biopsy is carried out according to indications for the timely detection of signs of malignancy.
Gynecological ultrasound. During echography, a deformed, thickened and enlarged cervix and Nabothian cysts are revealed, and an oncological process is excluded.

Additionally, the patient may be prescribed tests to determine the level of female sex hormones and the state of the immune system. Differential diagnosis carried out with tuberculosis, cancer, ectopia of the cervix. To clarify the diagnosis, a gynecological oncologist, phthisiogynecologist, or dermatovenerologist may be involved.

Treatment of chronic cervicitis

Properly selected complex therapy allows not only to stop the signs of exacerbation, but also to achieve stable remission. Within treatment course The patient is prescribed:

Etiotropic drug treatment. For infectious genesis of cervicitis, antibacterial and antiviral drugs are used. When selecting an antimicrobial agent, the sensitivity of the pathogen is taken into account. Hormonal drugs (estrogens) are used in the treatment of atrophic cervicitis in women during menopause.
Restoration of vaginal microflora. After a course of antibiotic therapy, eubiotics are recommended topically (in the form of suppositories, tampons, vaginal irrigations) and orally.
Adjuvant therapy. To accelerate the processes of mucosal regeneration, strengthen the immune system and prevent possible relapses Immuno- and herbal medicine, physiotherapeutic procedures are indicated.

In the presence of retention cysts, radio wave diathermopuncture is prescribed. In cases where conservative treatment ineffective, or chronic cervicitis is combined with dysplasia, elongation, cicatricial deformation and other diseases of the cervix, used surgical techniques- cryo- or laser therapy, tracheloplasty, etc.

Prognosis and prevention

The prognosis of the disease is favorable. For timely detection possible cervical dysplasia in the patient after course treatment It is necessary to undergo colposcopy twice a year, undergo cytological smears and bacterial cultures. Prevention of chronic cervicitis includes regular examinations by a gynecologist, adequate treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genital area, reasonable prescription invasive procedures. It is recommended to follow the rules intimate hygiene, arrange sex life, use condoms (especially during sexual contacts with unfamiliar partners), avoid sex during menstruation. To prevent relapses, courses of restorative and immunotherapy, adherence to sleep and rest, and protection from hypothermia in the legs and pelvic area are effective.