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Weak and strong antibiotics. What antibiotics for colds are effective for adults and children: list and names

Antibiotics for colds and flu are a way to combat these dangerous diseases and recover quickly, avoiding complications.

True, it is not always possible and necessary to take such medications.

It is necessary to know about the indications and contraindications for their use and mandatory consult a doctor.

You should not take antibiotics unless these medications are prescribed by a doctor.

Although some people believe that antibiotics can cure anything at any time, in reality this is not the case.

At least, medical specialists They are not always recommended during colds.

It is definitely impossible to treat flu and colds caused by viruses with antibiotics, since the effect of the drugs in this case will not be effective enough.

Viral infections should accordingly be controlled by antiviral drugs(the most famous among them are , and some others).

Their spectrum of action is quite wide and they are able to successfully cope with a wide variety of infectious agents. They are prescribed not only for treatment purposes, but also.

However, the reception antiviral agents requires immediate consultation with a physician in order not to encounter unforeseen complications.

When do adults need antibiotics for flu and colds?

First of all, in case of joining bacterial infection to viral.

Because of similar complications a person may encounter:

laryngotracheitis;

Then doctors prescribe antibiotics, like Amoxil, Clarithromycin, and so on.

Here are the symptoms for which your doctor may prescribe antibiotics for the flu:

sore throat;
pain while swallowing;
inflammatory process;
shooting pain in the ears;
enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and under the jaw;
temperature rise above 39 degrees;
chest pain;
lack of voice;
tearing eyes;
conjunctivitis.

Before prescribing such medications, the doctor should carefully examine the patient and possibly refer him for additional examinations.

The duration of the therapeutic course when adults need to take antibiotics, is usually five or seven days.

This is specifically determined by the severity of the disease.

What antibiotic is best for an adult to take for the flu?

In fact, the list of these drugs is quite diverse.

On the other hand, not all of the drugs offered in a modern pharmacy have an effective antimicrobial effect.

From funds with a wide antimicrobial effect You should focus on Amoxil, Penicillin, Amoxiclav.

But choose one or another antibiotic from general list neither adults nor children should use it on their own to treat influenza.

The doctor not only prescribes medications, but also indicates the duration of the medication course.

On average, it lasts about a week, despite the fact that tablets (capsules) must be taken twice a day.

Most often, along with antibiotics, doctors recommend drinking probiotics, which will help restore the intestinal microflora (which, one way or another, suffers from strong antibiotic drugs).

Bio-yogurts are especially good for these purposes, as well as Linex tablets, which are recommended to be taken twice a day for a week.

If we talk about what antibiotics to take for children with the flu, doctors traditionally prescribe syrups like Inspiron, Ospamox and Augmentin twice a day.

Treatment course not prescribed without prior examination.

Bacterial infection

The addition of a bacterial infection to an acute viral respiratory infection occurs when:

the body is weakened by illness;
the patient suffers from severe cough and throat pain;
the temperature rises high.

But the diagnosis cannot be based on these signs alone.

It is necessary to see an experienced medical specialist.

Self-prescription is fraught with serious health problems later.

The addition of a bacterial infection to a viral one is a complication of the disease

The doctor selects the most suitable drugs, based on a specific infectious pathogen.

For example, macrolides are considered very good antibiotics for colds and flu.

Speaking about them, we should remember Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Amoxiclav.

They successfully manage to cope with many inflammatory diseases. Moreover, just one or two tablets per day is enough.

There are also penicillins, among which it is worth mentioning Ampicillin and Augment.

These are quite sensitive antibacterial agents, which are also taken as a standard tablet per day.

Cephalosporins (the same Ceftriaxone or Cefazolin) are effective means with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action.

Often these are drugs that are administered intramuscularly.

The treatment course is prescribed by a medical specialist.

However, in order to avoid intestinal dysbiosis, probiotics should be taken in parallel with taking these antibiotics for acute respiratory infections and influenza.

The best antibiotics

It is almost impossible to list the names of all antibiotics for colds and flu from the general list offered at the pharmacy.

At the very least, it will take up too much space and time.

But it makes sense to list the most effective of them, so that it becomes clear which antibiotics are best to take for colds and flu.

Sumamed

In general, colds and flu are diseases of a viral nature.

Accordingly, it is antiviral drugs should be taken first. But in case of complications, it makes sense to resort to the use of antibiotics.

Broadcast pathogenic microorganisms carried out by airborne droplets, and also through contact with an infected person or objects that he touched.

If we're talking about about acute viral diseases, for example, about influenza infection, their symptoms are indicated quite sharply:

the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx become inflamed and swollen;
a runny nose begins;
have to suffer from a cough;
the throat turns red and pink and white granules form on it;
tonsils become inflamed;
the throat is very sore;
painful to swallow;
temperatures exceed the norm.

But do not rush to take antibiotics when the first signs appear - even this is such famous drug, like Amoxiclav. On what day should this be done? Only when prescribed by a medical specialist and not earlier.

Instead, you should heed the following recommendations:

Be sure to observe bed rest;
drink as much liquid as possible;
eat well to take in more vitamins;
gargle with herbal infusions;
rinse nasal cavity saline solution, saline solution, furatsilin, as well as chamomile solution;
periodically carry out inhalations;
carry out foot baths and rubbing, apply compresses (even if there is no fever).

Worth showing up initial symptoms and, if you follow all the above recommendations, colds the disease will pass by itself.

Good nutrition is an essential condition for flu prevention

However, most often people “delay” this, as a result of which the disease progresses further.

Doctors prescribe a therapeutic course using antiviral drugs, symptomatic and immunomodulatory drugs.

Only then do antibiotics come into play - but don’t rush to buy “anything.”

Some people, trying to save money, buy little-known, untested and cheap antibiotics from pharmacies.

But inexpensive drug– this does not mean effective.

And saving is not always good.

Often these drugs have too many side effects.

Traditionally, the infection stays in the human body for a week, after which the symptoms subside. Of course, with the flu the situation can be much more complicated and the illness can drag on even longer.

But in the case of a bacterial infection, the disease itself will not go away. Complications can occur in the respiratory tract, sinuses, and ear cavities.

What is taken into account when prescribing medications?

When prescribing antibiotics, medical professionals consider the following factors:

the place where the infection was localized;
age of the sick person;
symptoms that have appeared;
the presence of individual intolerance to certain components;
immunity strength.

Here are the signs for which a doctor may prescribe antibiotic drugs:

presence of low-grade fever;
frequent colds (more than five times a year);
fungal and chronic infections;
weak immunity;
oncology.

Complications such as bacterial tonsillitis are also treated with antibiotics. purulent lymphadenitis, acute bronchitis and otitis media

But do not forget - even the best antibiotics can harm your health if taken without the appropriate permission from a doctor. The name of the drugs should also be checked with a medical specialist.

Anyone can get a cold. This is one of the most common diseases. Therefore, it is not surprising that many are in search of miracle effective means, which can help quickly and effectively overcome the hated infection.

Quite often, with colds, there is a need to take antibiotics. Pharmaceutical companies offer great amount antibacterial drugs. Most patients are interested in purchasing relatively inexpensive and effective products. And there are not so few such pharmacy products.

When are antibiotics needed?

Usually, viral infection at the very beginning of the disease does not cause any complications. At this stage, doctors recommend fighting pathogenic microflora with conventional drugs without enhanced action. They are safer for the body and have minimal amount side effects. To recover, it is enough to choose the right medication and stay in bed.

Sometimes a common cold is accompanied by an infection caused by a bacterial pathogen. This can be understood by the appearance of the following symptoms:

Body temperature rises to 38-39 degrees.
The frequency of dry cough attacks increases.
Getting worse general state health, especially 5-6 days from the onset of the disease.
Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing appears.
The normal sense of smell disappears.
Hoarseness occurs.
Lymph nodes become inflamed.

In particular difficult cases The color of the sputum that is released from the nose and bronchi changes. The urine also becomes cloudy, and pathogenic mucus or blood appears in the stool.

If a bacterial infection is not treated, it is almost impossible to avoid complications. They may appear as:

Inflammation of the lungs.
Purulent sore throat.
Acute bronchitis.
Acute otitis media.
Bacterial sinusitis.
Myocarditis.

That is why, at the first suspicion of a bacterial infection, doctors immediately prescribe antibiotics for a cold. They decide for themselves which drug should be preferred. The patient alone will not be able to understand which antibiotic will help him cope with this or that pathogenic pathogen.

Effective antibacterial drugs for adults

When choosing a suitable antibacterial agent, localization must be taken into account inflammatory process, intensity and nature of the disease. On the patient’s first visit, the specialist will suggest that he take an antibiotic. wide range actions. It is good because it helps destroy most typical pathogenic pathogens.

Based on the results of treatment with a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which stops cold symptoms for ARVI in adults, the doctor decides whether it is worth changing the medicine or whether it is possible to continue medication course.

Most often, for colds, antibacterial agents are taken, which belong to one of the following groups:

Penicillin.
Macrolides.
Cephalosporins.
Fluoroquinolones.

Each of them is designed to treat a specific bacterial infection. Experienced specialist can tell the names of effective drugs that belong to each of the listed groups.

The most famous representative of this group is “Sumamed”. It can often be seen in prescriptions given to patients with acute respiratory infections. To recover, sometimes taking only 3 tablets is enough. The medicine goes on sale in several pharmaceutical forms. It can be in the form of tablets, capsules and suspensions, which are necessary for the preparation of medicinal solutions.

"Sumamed" has a huge number of analogues, which also belong to macrolides. Among them are:

All medications, which were mentioned above, have the same active substance.

Due to the peculiarities of absorption and excretion from the human body, preparations based on azithromycin must be taken only 1 tablet per day. That is, recovery can be achieved in 3 days if you follow all the doctor’s recommendations and start treatment in a timely manner.

Among the macrolides, another medication, Klabaks, stands out. It's an antibiotic latest generation. Its active substance is clarithromycin. With the help of this substance it is possible to suppress the activity of atypical and typical pathogenic microflora. In addition, it is effective in the fight against chlamydia.

“Klabaks” has several effects at once:

Destroys pathogenic bacteria.
Supports immune system in a good condition.
Does not allow pathogens to re-enter the bloodstream.

Due to these properties, Klabaks is often prescribed for persistent colds. Its active substance can be found in the following medications:

"Clearbuckt."
"Ecosetrine."
"Clarithromycin Zentiv."

They are also its analogues. These drugs have a similar effect on a person with a cold.

Cephalosporins

Cephalosporins are a group of drugs that are active against a wide range of pathogenic agents. Modern medicine I am well acquainted with 1st and 2nd generation products.

Newer cephalosporins are highly effective in treating respiratory diseases. They are often prescribed to adult patients. It is extremely undesirable for children under 18 years of age to take such medications, since their effect on the child’s body has not yet been fully studied.

Colds are treated with the following cephalosporin antibiotics:

"Zinnat".

They are used less frequently than penicillin series.

Fluoroquinolones

Antibacterial drugs of the fluoroquinolone group have increased activity to pathogens such as pneumococci. They also affect other pathogens infectious diseases like a cold.

Adults are usually prescribed the following medications:

"Moxifloxacin."
"Levofloxacin".
"Sparfloxacin".

They all have a wide spectrum of action. Experts note them high efficiency in the fight against pathogenic microflora, which has strong resistance to antibacterial substances. You should take this medicine only once a day.

Unfortunately, fluoroquinolones have a very significant drawback. They negatively affect the heart rhythm. Therefore, they should be prescribed with extreme caution to elderly patients.

Antibiotics for childhood colds

Parents can give their child an antibiotic only after a doctor prescribes it. Under no circumstances should you decide on your own which antibacterial agent to treat your baby with. All because children's body very sensitive and so strong drug, as an antibiotic, may not have the best effect on him.

Today in pharmacies there is a huge amount of medicines, which are intended specifically for the treatment of childhood colds. Such antibiotics can be in tablets or suspensions. Pediatricians usually prescribe the following effective drugs:

"Esparoxy."
"Alpha normix".
"Augmentin".
Fromilid uno.
"Zinnat".
"Ampicillin."
"Flemoxin".

The choice of antibacterial agent for treating a child depends on the nature of the disease and the financial capabilities of the parents. Most of the products presented have a similar effect. However, their prices are very different.

So that the antibiotic gives the desired result and does not cause negative reactions, while taking it you should follow simple rules:

During therapy, only 1 class of antibiotics is allowed.
If after 2 days the temperature has not begun to decrease, and the condition still remains deteriorated, it is necessary to replace the prescribed medication.
Under no circumstances should you take bactericidal and antipyretic medications together. This is because the latter significantly reduce the effectiveness of the former.
Do not stop the medication course when severe cold symptoms disappear.
Optimally, the course of antibiotic treatment should last at least 5 days.

Compliance with these rules makes treating a child with an antibiotic as safe as possible and practically harmless for a weakened organism.

Summarizing

Every person should understand that antibiotics are taken only if there is a bacterial infection in the body. In other cases, such drugs will only cause harm to the body, which is already weakened due to illness. As practice shows, colds and flu are almost always of viral origin. So bactericidal agent in such situations will not help the patient cope with the ailment, but will only worsen his condition.

If the rules of administration are not followed or after using an antibiotic for other purposes, the following adverse reactions may occur:

Intestinal disorders due to damage to beneficial microflora.
Strong decline protective properties body.
Deterioration of the liver and kidneys.
Allergy.

If an antibiotic for a number of reasons is not suitable for a particular person who has a cold, he should change the drug. Therefore, in the absence of visible improvements, you should definitely inform your doctor about this so that he can promptly correct the therapeutic course.

Attention, TODAY only!

A standard acute respiratory infection, acute respiratory viral infection, develops as a result of the penetration of viruses into the body, but often against the background of a weakened immune system, a bacterial infection occurs; in such cases, antibiotics are prescribed for colds. At wrong choice drugs can only aggravate the situation - there will be severe complications, allergies. Be careful.

Antibiotics are used to fight infection

When are antibiotics prescribed for a cold?

For a common cold, there is no point in taking antibiotics, since the disease is of viral origin, but often respiratory infections become more complicated bacterial pathologies– you can’t do without antibiotics here.

When to take antibiotics for a cold:

2–3 days after the onset of the disease, the patient’s condition does not improve, but only worsens;
the runny nose gets worse, it is difficult to breathe through the nose, the discharge becomes yellow or green in color;
after 4–5 days an acute respiratory infection appears deep cough With big amount sputum;
the temperature rises sharply to 38 degrees or more.

At sharp increase fever, antibiotics are prescribed

Complicated cold - an exception to the rule, immunity healthy person able to cope with viruses in 7–10 days. The risk of developing pneumonia, sore throat, otitis, sinusitis, bronchitis is high in people whose protective forces weakened. Who is at risk? Little children, people old age, persons who have undergone organ transplantation, for a long time Patients with HIV and cancer take immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.

For a healthy adult, colds up to 6 times a year - normal phenomenon, in children this figure can reach 10 cases annually. If you take antiviral drugs in a timely manner, recovery occurs within 7–10 days.

List of the best antibiotics for colds

If signs of a bacterial infection appear, or prescribe broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs. After receiving the results of tests for the sensitivity of microorganisms to active component medications are prescribed that will act directly on the causative agents of the disease.

Antibiotics for colds in adults

For elimination bacterial complications for colds, antibacterial agents from the group of penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, and lincosamides are used. Most medications can be purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription, but it is better to take potent medications as prescribed by a specialist.

Effective antibacterial drug, contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, belongs to penicillin group. Available in tablets, powder for suspensions and injections. Price – 270–370 rub.

The drug is prescribed if ENT complications, pneumonia, or bronchitis occur as a result of a cold.

Amoxiclav is an antibacterial drug

Contraindications:

mononucleosis;
a history of liver disease, cholestatic jaundice;
lymphocytic leukemia

During pregnancy, the medicine is prescribed only if the expected therapeutic effect from treatment exceeds possible risks for woman and fetus. The medicine may cause the development of congenital necrotizing colitis in a newborn.

Treatment regimen

Duration of therapy is 5–14 days.

Due to the presence of clavulanic acid, Amoxiclav destroys even those strains of bacteria that are immune to amoxicillin.

A cheap antibacterial agent of the penicillin series, produced in capsules, tablets, and in the form of a suspension. Price – 80–120 rub. The medicine helps with otolaryngological bacterial diseases, bronchitis, pneumonia.

Affordable antibacterial drug Amoxicillin

Contraindications:

bronchial asthma, diathesis of allergic origin;
liver dysfunction;
dysbacteriosis;
lactation, pregnancy;
some forms of leukemia;
mononucleosis.

The standard dosage is 500 mg every 8 hours. Duration of therapy is 6–10 days.

Powerful, but at the same time cheap antibiotic, the package contains only 3 tablets, which is enough for full recovery. The drug belongs to a separate group of azalides due to some structural features and is effective against most strains of bacteria. Available in tablets, capsules, powder for suspension. Price – 120–220 rub.

Azithromycin is an effective antibiotic

Indications for use:

tonsillitis, inflammation of the mucous membranes of the larynx, paranasal sinuses;
bronchitis;
pneumonia;
otitis media of the middle ear.

Dosage – 500 mg once a day 2 hours after meals, you should drink the medicine throughout three days, for angina, the course can be extended to 5 days. Contraindications – violation heart rate, serious illnesses kidneys and liver, lactation period. Pregnant women are sometimes prescribed the drug in a standard dosage, but they should drink it only under constant medical supervision.

Azithromycin should not be taken together with Heparin.

Combined universal antibiotic, contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, and is sold in tablets, in the form of a suspension and powder for injections. Price – 260–370 rub.

The standard dosage is 250 mg three times a day, for advanced forms of pathologies - 500 mg 3 times a day, or 875 mg in the morning and evening. Injections are given every 4–8 hours, 1000 mg, depending on the severity of the pathology. Duration of treatment is 7–14 days.

Augmentin is a combination antibiotic

The drug is intended to eliminate the manifestations of diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract, pathologies of the ENT organs of a bacterial nature. Contraindications – intolerance to the components of the drug, jaundice or a history of liver dysfunction. Pregnant and lactating women are prescribed the drug in a standard dosage; treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist.

An inexpensive but good antibiotic from the lincosamide group, effective only against gram-positive bacteria, available in tablets, in the form of a solution for intravenous or intramuscular injection. Price – 110–180 rub.

The medicine is prescribed for inflammation of the lungs and middle ear, bronchitis, and sore throat. Contraindications – severe kidney and liver pathologies, the period of pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Lincomycin belongs to the group of lincosamides

Intravenously and intramuscularly, 0.6 g is prescribed three times a day; in difficult cases, the dosage is increased to 2.4 g. Dose for oral administration– 1.5 g per day, divided into 3 doses. Duration of treatment is 1–2 weeks.

Lincomycin should not be taken simultaneously with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, otherwise breathing may stop.

An effective and gentle antibacterial agent of the penicillin series, contains amoxicillin, produced in tablets with different dosage. Price – 230–480 rub.

Flemoxin Solutab is an effective and gentle antibiotic

The medicine helps eliminate bacterial infections in organs respiratory system, acute otitis media. Contraindications: lymphocytic leukemia, gastrointestinal and kidney diseases, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

The effect of the drug does not depend on food intake; the tablet can be swallowed whole, crushed, or dissolved in water.

How to take the medicine

At severe forms pathologies, the dosage of the drug is not increased, but it must be taken 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is no more than a week.

A strong antibiotic, belongs to group II cephalosporins, contains cefuroxime axetil, affects gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, produced in tablets and granules for suspension. Price – 230–400 rub.

The treatment regimen is 250 mg of the drug in the morning and evening; in severe forms of the disease, the single dosage can be increased to 500 mg. Course duration is 5–10 days.

Zinnat is a strong bactericidal agent

The medicine helps with infectious diseases upper and lower respiratory tract, sinusitis, otitis media. The drug has no contraindications, except for individual intolerance; it is prescribed with caution to patients with pathologies digestive system, kidney. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the antibiotic can be taken in a standard dosage.

Expensive modern antibiotic, refers to cephalosporins III generation, contains cefixime, produced in capsules, granules for preparing a suspension, Suprax Solutab - tablets for resorption or dissolution in water. Price – 620–820 rub.

The medicine shows high effectiveness in the treatment of pneumonia, tonsillopharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and otitis media. The drug is contraindicated in chronic renal failure, a decrease in creatinine clearance to 60 ml/min, elderly people with a history of colitis should take the medicine with caution.

Suprax is a modern effective antibiotic

Dosage – 400 mg once a day, or 200 mg in the morning and evening; you can take the medicine regardless of meals. Duration of treatment is 1–2 weeks.

Cephalosporins are considered the most safe antibiotics during pregnancy, you can take Suprax in a standard dosage. Active substances medications pass into breast milk, so drinking it is contraindicated during lactation.

Effective, one of the most effective antibiotics from the group of third generation macrolides, it destroys even those microbes that are in tissue cells and is produced in capsules and tablets. Price – 320–520 rub.

The average dose is 250 mg in the morning and evening for 6–14 days, in some cases the dosage can be increased to 1000 mg per day.

Clarithromycin - effective drug for the treatment of influenza and ARVI

Clarithromycin is considered one of the the best drugs to eliminate complications of influenza and ARVI, it is prescribed for bronchitis, pneumonia, sore throat, bronchitis. Contraindications – lactation, individual intolerance, pregnant women can take the medicine from the second trimester. Clarithromycin has been successfully used to treat chronic forms tuberculosis.

List of antibiotics for children

Antibiotics are often prescribed to children during influenza epidemics. colds, since complications can arise quickly in a child, literally in a few hours.

List of the best children's antibiotics

Drug name	At what age can you take it?	Group	Admission rules
	From 6 months in the form of a suspension, from 12 years - tablets and capsules	Macrolides and azalides	· suspension – 10 mg/kg once a day 2 hours after meals for three days; · tablets – 500 mg/day within three days.
	From birth in the form of a suspension	Penicillins	· before three months– 30 mg/kg, divided into 2 doses; · over three months – 40 mg/kg; · if you weigh more than 40 kg – 375 mg every 8 hours
	From birth in the form of a suspension, from 12 years - tablets and capsules	Penicillins	· up to two years – 30 mg/kg in 3 divided doses; · 2–5 years – 125 mg three times a day; · 5–12 years – 250 mg every 8 hours
	From the first year of life	Penicillins	· up to one year – 30–60 mg/kg per day, divided into 3 doses; · 1–3 years – 250 mg twice a day, or 125 mg once every 8 hours; · 3–10 years – 2500 mg three times a day; · over 10 years – 500–750 mg in the morning and evening.
	In the form of a suspension from three months, in tablets – from three years	Cephalosporins	· from three months – 125 mg suspension twice a day; · up to three years – 250 mg suspension 2 times a day; over three years - 125 mg twice a day in tablets, for otitis media single dose the doctor may increase to 250 mg

To identify a bacterial infection in a child, it is enough to do clinical analysis blood, when affected by bacteria, the ESR and the number of leukocytes increase, observed active growth band and segmented neutrophils - the more severe the disease, the stronger leukocyte formula moves to the left.

Drinking or injecting an antibiotic – which is better?

When there is a bacterial infection, the question often arises: should I inject or take antibiotics? Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The injections act faster, penetrate immediately into the bloodstream, bypassing digestive tract, which reduces the risk of developing dysbacteriosis. But injection medications are quite painful, especially for children, there is a high probability of infection and abscesses.

Tablets are easy to take, most modern ones antibacterial agents It is enough to take once a day. But they act slowly, because they must first dissolve in the intestines, and only then are absorbed into the blood.

According to the canons of safety that are accepted in world medicine, injection method antibiotics against colds are prescribed only in very severe cases, in a hospital.

Antibiotics help eliminate complications of flu and colds bacterial origin. You should choose a drug carefully, taking into account age and the presence of chronic diseases.

During viral infections, antibiotic therapy has no effect, does not help and does not change anything except the welfare of manufacturers and sellers of antibiotics! This is because antibiotics kill bacteria, not viruses.

Prevention for viral infections

Antibiotic therapy does not reduce the risk of bacterial complications. Such complications will appear in any case and their culprits will be the same bacteria that survived the wasted antibiotic prescribed. And here you will need a completely different drug, and it is, as a rule, much more expensive than a medicine prescribed in vain.

Antibiotics are divided into strong and weak

IN Lately, many began to associate the strength of an antibiotic with its cost. People really want to believe that if antibiotic number one is ten times more expensive than antibiotic number two, then it is also ten times more effective. But this is not true at all.

Expensive medications are used only in very complex and serious cases, which fortunately are extremely rare. When any disease is caused by a bacterium that is resistant to most antibiotics, when the patient has a very weakened immune system or the situation is so serious that urgent and effective help is needed.

Antibiotics “implant” the immune system

High quality, modern drugs They do not reduce immunity in any way. Here people, without properly understanding it, confuse cause and effect. the disease that caused the prescription of antibacterial agents is to blame.

Antibiotics must be taken in combination with antifungal drugs

Antibiotic therapy is sometimes the cause of this. Treatment such side effect, can indeed be treated with antifungal drugs. But confirmation that antifungal agents provide preventive effect and reduce the risk of candidiasis, there are none.

As prophylactic agents Drugs commonly prescribed include fluconazole and nystatin. And, as a rule, a person accepts useless medicine, spends his hard-earned money on its purchase, but candidiasis still appears, only the causative agent is a fungus resistant to these drugs. Consequently, another, more effective remedy is now needed for treatment.

VIDEO

Antibiotics should be taken in combination with agents to improve intestinal flora

Significant deterioration intestinal flora, something that requires immediate treatment is extremely rare. It occurs with prolonged, regular use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, especially in combination with poor nutrition, an abundance of fatty foods or “I don’t want to” feeding.

And then after stopping taking antibiotics, it’s absolutely enough proper diet, since the intestinal flora returns to normal quite quickly. In addition, most drugs with “magic” remedies for restoring intestinal flora do not have evidence of their effectiveness.

When taking antibiotics, you should take antiallergic drugs

To make it clearer, let's explain with an example.

The beautiful Dasha is allergic to ampicillin, but no one knows about it yet. In the first case, Dasha took the pill, after half an hour she developed a rash, which was also very itchy, and as a result the ampicillin was discontinued. In the second case, Dashenka was given an ampicillin tablet along with suprastin to prevent allergies. In this case, the itchy rash did not appear immediately, but only after the fourth tablet of ampicillin. It turns out that instead of one tablet of a drug harmful to her body, Dasha received four tablets. What is better and what is worse is a rhetorical question.

Bottom line: allergies when taking antibiotics are actually not that rare. The main rule in this case is that the medicine that caused the allergic reaction must be immediately discontinued and a medicine from a different group prescribed.

If a deterioration in health is noticed during antibiotic therapy, the drug must be discontinued and replaced.

Antibiotics destroy bacteria, and this process is accompanied by the release of endotoxins into the blood. Human body reacts to this, and on the first day of taking antibiotics you may feel worse. In medicine, this is called an “endotoxic reaction” and doctors are specially trained to distinguish such a reaction from the ineffectiveness of the drug.

It turns out that if after a couple of tablets or antibiotic injections your health worsened, chills appeared or your temperature began to rise, this does not mean at all that this drug is not suitable for you, you just need to see a doctor again.

Used to treat respiratory diseases medications, which have a targeted effect and affect the cause of the disease. In medicine, such therapy is usually called etiological. It is able to overcome microbes and stop their reproduction. To fight colds and flu, you need to choose the right medicinal preparations. Some patients, wanting to quickly cure the disease, begin taking antibiotics at the first symptoms of the disease. But is it right to treat colds with antibiotics?

Colds and flu are viral diseases that often appear during the acute season. Microbes are transmitted as by airborne droplets, and when in contact with a sick person. Signs always appear abruptly. The main symptoms appear as follows.

Swelling and inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx.
Runny nose.
Cough.
Redness of the throat with the formation of white or pink granules.
Tonsillitis.
Sore throat.
Pain during swallowing.
Increased body temperature.

Treating a cold at the first sign

If the patient experiences the first symptoms, then treatment is best done without the use of medications, much less antibiotics. In such a situation, the patient is given several important recommendations. These include the following recommendations.

Maintaining bed rest.
Consumption large quantity liquids.
Compliance with nutrition. It should be balanced and rich in vitamins.
Gargling with herbal infusions.
Rinse the nose with saline solution, saline solution, furatsilin or decoctions of chamomile and sage.
Carrying out inhalations.
Carrying out foot baths, warming up with compresses and rubbing. These procedures can be performed if the patient does not have a fever.

Treatment of colds and flu with medications

If the patient manages to take action when the first symptoms appear, the cold goes away on its own. But often patients delay this, as a result of which the disease begins to progress further.
In such a situation, doctors prescribe drugs to patients antiviral action. These medications have stimulating properties. Therefore, when using them immune function rises. It is worth remembering that a viral infection stays in the body for at least a week, but gradually the symptoms subside. If three to four days after starting to take antiviral drugs in an adult there is no improvement, then viral form bacterial joined. The danger of this form is that the bacteria will not disappear on their own. In addition to all this, they can affect the pharynx, sinuses, respiratory tract and ear. If treatment is not continued, complications may arise in the form of pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis, and meningitis.

Treating colds with antibiotics

Antibiotics for colds should be taken only if antiviral drugs do not help at all and the condition worsens. Then the question arises, what antibiotics to take for a cold?

IN pharmacy kiosks There are many antibacterial agents sold, but each of them has an effect on specific microorganisms. To the list of the most effective medicines It is customary to include the following.

Amoxicillin. Good antibiotic for colds, which is prescribed in most cases. It copes effectively with various infections respiratory tract, ENT organs, urinary system and with meningitis. Available in two forms: capsules and powder for preparing a suspension. It is used to treat not only adults, but also newborns and children. The treatment course should last from five to twelve days, based on the patient’s condition and the severity of the disease. Contraindications include allergic reactions, liver failure, infectious mononucleosis, dysbacteriosis, breastfeeding period. Amoxicillin is one of the cheapest and most accessible antibacterial drugs.
Flemoxin Solutab. An antibiotic that comes in tablets. Is . Prescribed to both adults and children, based on dosage. For children, the medicine is mixed with a small amount of water or breast milk. You need to take it according to the following regimen: children under ten years old take three tablets per day, adults take two tablets per day. The course of treatment lasts no more than seven days.
Ospamox. Active ingredient also produces amoxicillin. It has a wide spectrum of action and has antimicrobial properties. Indicated in the treatment of many diseases such as meningitis, respiratory tract, ENT organs, urinary system, endocarditis, diseases skin and soft tissues. The drug is available in three forms: tablets, capsules and suspensions. Prescribed to children from the first month of life.

Such antibiotics for colds have a wide range of effects. They belong to the group of semisynthetic penicillins. They also have a large list of advantages such as:

reliability;
efficiency;
occurrence minimum side effects;
permission for use during pregnancy and childhood.

But some microorganisms are resistant to these drugs. Then what antibiotics should you take for a cold in this case? This includes the name of antibiotics for colds, such as:

Amoxiclav. Prescribed for acute and acute respiratory tract diseases chronic. It has a wide spectrum of action on microorganisms such as streptococci of all types, echinococci and listeria. Other bacteria such as Bordetella, Brucella, and Salmonella are also susceptible to Amoxiclav. Available in the form of tablets and powder for suspension. This antibiotics Can be taken by children from three months. Contraindications include allergic manifestation for cephalosporins, the presence of colitis, liver and kidney failure.
Flemoklav solutab. This tool taken for diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract in the form of pharyngitis, otitis, tonsillitis, chronic bronchitis, otitis and sisusitis. The main contraindications include childhood up to twelve years, susceptibility to the components of the drug and liver failure. This antibiotic is indicated for colds in adults at a dosage of 875 milligrams + 125 milligrams of the drug. Use in children is possible only after consultation with a specialist and under strict supervision.
Augmentin. TO this drug susceptible bacteria in the form of streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, coli, enterobacteria, protea. Augmentin is produced in the form of tablets and powder for the preparation of a suspension, as it is intended for the treatment of both adults and children. An antibiotic is prescribed for acute respiratory infections, sinusitis, sore throat, stomatitis, bronchitis and pneumonia.

In addition to the fact that they contain penicillin in the form of amoxiclav, they also include clavulanic acid, which is aimed at compensating for the lack of effectiveness of this substance.

There is also an alternative list of cephalosporin-based antibacterial agents that are prescribed to adults for flu and colds. These include the following drugs.

Zinnat. A drug prescribed for the treatment of diseases of the upper and lower sections respiratory tract, in case of infection chest after surgical intervention, for ENT infections. Available in two forms: suspension and tablets. The duration of the treatment course is no more than seven days. Adults should take two tablets per day. Can be used in children younger age under the supervision of a doctor, as the drug has many side effects.
Suprax. It is considered one of the best medicines prescribed against flu and colds. The main contraindications include children under six months of age, breast-feeding and allergic manifestation. Elderly people and those suffering from kidney failure should take antibiotics with extreme caution when they have a cold.

Taking antibiotics for colds and flu

You need to take the drug once a day. The treatment course should not exceed ten days.

Many patients wonder which antibiotic is best to take for a cold. Antibiotics for colds are selected based on the following factors.

Location of infection.
Patient's age.
Symptoms.
Individual tolerance to medications.
State of the immune system.

In any case, antibiotics for colds should only be prescribed by a specialist, based on the following signs.

Low-grade fever.
Colds and viral diseases more than five times a year.
Chronic and fungal infections.
Congenital pathologies of the immune system.
Oncological diseases.

Taking antibiotics for colds and flu is recommended based on the following indications.

. Treatment is carried out using drugs that include macrolides and penicillins.
Purulent lymphadenitis. Treatment is carried out with means that have a wide range of effects.
Acute bronchitis, exacerbation of chronic forms of diseases, laryngotracheitis. They require treatment with macrolides. But before that, an x-ray is prescribed chest area to exclude pneumonia.
Acute otitis. The doctor first conducts an examination using an otoscope. After this, an antibiotic based on a cephalosporin or macrolide is selected.

Treatment with antibiotics during pregnancy

Colds can affect not only children and adults, but also expectant mothers. Therefore, during the gestation period, many are interested in what antibiotic to take for a cold. The question is quite difficult, since it is important to evaluate the benefits and harms on the development of the future baby. It is worth remembering that taking cold remedies on your own is not recommended. The best option is to consult a doctor in a timely manner.

Treat various diseases during pregnancy, it is possible with the help of antibiotics that contain penicillin or macrolide. Permitted names include the following.

Erythromycin.
Azithromycin.
Ampicillin.
Oxacillin.

They are classified as broad-spectrum antibiotics, as they have antimicrobial and antibacterial property. Future mom must strictly follow the doctor's instructions. You need to take antibiotics for colds and flu, observing the dosage. Under no circumstances should it be reduced, otherwise reverse effect. Then it will be much more difficult to overcome the infection. It is also worth remembering that if the doctor prescribed antibiotics for the flu during pregnancy, then you should not think about it. The thing is that infection is more dangerous for the development and life of the baby than taking medications.

Three tablets for a cold

Among the people there is such a thing as “three”. In fact, this name covers the antibiotics Azithromycin and Clarithromycin. They contain macrolides that can fight bacteria of any kind. These strong antibiotics For colds, it is enough to take once a day. To overcome the development of infection in respiratory tract, it is enough to drink them all three days. Therefore, the standard form of the drug consists of only three tablets. These products are prohibited for use in children under one year of age.

There are many antibacterial agents that are inexpensive and available. But only a doctor can decide which antibiotics to take for a cold. The thing is that such drugs can have adverse influence on the body. In addition to all this, in order to avoid side effects in the form of diarrhea, dysbiosis and allergies, antihistamines, probiotics and prebiotics are prescribed. It is recommended to exclude chocolate, caffeinated drinks and citrus fruits from the diet.