Wide nose bridge in a newborn baby. Types of birth defects and deformities of the nose - treatment of nasal anomalies in newborns and child care

The first nine months of its development, the child spends in the absolute darkness of the mother's womb. After birth, light fills the space around him, and in the next few months the child tries to understand everything he sees.

First of all, he must learn to coordinate the movement of his eyes. True, immediately after birth, children do not succeed. Most newborns complete the task within six weeks. Even if one eye continues to disobey, parents may not worry about this for up to three months.

Sometimes parents sound the alarm, suspecting a strabismus in a child. This is especially noticeable when, when looking straight ahead, the baby's eyes converge to the bridge of the nose. Parents may be right, but perhaps this is due to the fact that the child has too wide bridge of the nose. Folds of skin coming from upper eyelid towards the bridge of the nose are called the epicanthus, and if they are too wide it can look a lot like a strabismus. However, if these folds are turned inward towards the nose, the illusion of strabismus disappears and it becomes clear that the eyes move in synchrony in the same direction.

In true strabismus, one eye moves on its own and draws attention to itself when the child looks sharply to the side. Strabismus is usually inherited. Therefore, if one of the relatives has strabismus, the child should be under special supervision. Strabismus is usually caused by weakness in one of the six eye muscles that move the eyeball. Although myopia or farsightedness can also provoke this deviation. You can determine strabismus by observing the reflection in the eyes of a bright distant object, such as a window. With strabismus, this object will be reflected in only one eye.

In addition to the fact that strabismus does not decorate the face, it affects the vision of the child. The work of the brain is concentrated mainly on a healthy eye, and the oblique eye, as it were, is left without attention. If this eye is left untreated, the child may develop amblyopia, or blindness in one eye. Therefore, it is extremely important, having discovered strabismus, to immediately begin its examination and treatment.

The type of strabismus described above is the most common. And it appears and disappears. Sometimes both eyes move and look in sync and parallel, but sometimes one eye starts to deviate. Much less common is fixed strabismus, where the oblique eye constantly moves on its own, separate from the healthy eye. In this condition, the most serious measures are necessary, since fixed strabismus often indicates a disease of the eye media or central nervous system.

What can you do?

First of all, if you notice a strabismus in a child, pay attention to the width of the bridge of the nose. It may not be true strabismus. In any case, before your child starts school, have his eyes checked by a doctor every year. If the doctor confirms strabismus, the child should be referred to a specialist.

What can a doctor do?

The most common cause of strabismus is weakness in one of the muscles that move the eyeball. Can be forced weak eye work with a bandage healthy eye. Like all other muscles, a weak muscle is strengthened as a result of such training, and within a few weeks or months the weak eye begins to move normally.

In the most severe cases, surgery to change the length can be done. weak muscle so that the slanting eye does not lag behind the healthy one and works normally. Surgery to correct strabismus is usually performed at the age of six or seven in order to prevent possible blindness in the affected eye. In cases of nearsightedness or farsightedness, glasses help to correct this lack of vision, sometimes leading to strabismus.

If you don't already know this, then remember the following:

Before three months, all babies have strabismus.
Treatment of true strabismus is carried out only by an ophthalmologist.
Surgery to correct strabismus should be done before the age of six or seven to prevent blindness in the affected eye.

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Not all parents know that strabismus in breasts is often physiological norm. In order to understand when you should immediately go to the doctor with such a problem, and in which case you should not worry, you need to understand why this happens.

What is the norm?

In an adult, the axes of the eyes normally completely coincide. Deviation from this is called strabismus, or strabismus. There is another clinical name - heterotropia. There are two main types of strabismus:

convergent. In this case, one or two eyes are beveled to the bridge of the nose. In infants, this type is observed (in 90% of cases).
Divergent. One or both eyes move to the temple.

As a result of the fact that a newborn baby often has weakness oculomotor muscles, for this reason, heterotropia develops.

He is not always able to control movement at birth eyeballs. It is important for parents to know when this phenomenon passes, since such a process cannot be started.

Eye divergence persists only in 9% of seven-year-old children of the total number of babies with strabismus. Over time, the muscles of the eyes become stronger, and nothing reminds that the baby had strabismus.

The structural features of the bones of the skull and the wide bridge of the nose also lead to the fact that the child has some deviation. It goes away in a few months.

Causes of pathological strabismus

But there are a number of cases in which normalization does not occur. The causes of this pathology can be:

birth complications;
lack of oxygen during fetal development;
infection and intoxication of the fetus;
transferred measles, scarlet fever or flu;
neurological abnormalities;
hereditary predisposition;
improper placement of toys above the bed.

Psycho-emotional stress (screaming, bright light, etc.) can lead to the temporary appearance of strabismus in a newborn.

If strobism is observed for more than six months, then it leads to impaired visual acuity and the development of amblyopia.

When to go to the doctor?

Despite the fact that strabismus can disappear in a month after birth, or after three, it is normal in six month old baby such a phenomenon should not be observed.

It is at this age that strabismus refers to pathological condition, and is a reason to see a doctor.

Distinguish the following types diseases:

according to the time of appearance - congenital or acquired;
permanent and temporary;
unilateral or intermittent;
convergent, divergent and vertical.

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the paralytic type, in which the eye does not move in a certain direction as a result of damage to the muscle or nerve.

How to prevent illness?

In order for strobism not to cause vision loss, there is prevention of strabismus in infants.

If a baby at the age of one month has strabismus, then the following must be done:

Hang bright toys over the center of the crib at a distance at which the baby could not reach them with a pen.
Toys should only be large.
Do exercises to strengthen the muscles of the eyes. To this end, you need to take a large and bright rattle and drive it from side to side so that the baby follows it with his eyes.
At the age of two months, undergo a scheduled examination by a specialist and follow all his recommendations.

Treatment

On this moment There are 25 types of strabismus. For this reason, only a specialist should deal with its treatment. In each case, only an individual approach is applied.

You should not start such a disease, because gradually vision can drop sharply.

Once diagnosed, treatment is as follows:

Until all symptoms are completely eliminated, the child is selected for correction glasses or soft lenses.
To improve the functioning of the affected eye, the occlusion method is used. It consists in closing the healthy eye for a while, making the sick one work.
A variety of techniques are used to restore binocular vision.
If the child is four years old, then complex treatment used orthopedic and acupuncture.

Upon detection paralytic form strobism necessarily need to consult a pediatric neurologist!

If it doesn't work, your doctor may recommend surgery. It is held under general anesthesia. After that, the child undergoes rehabilitation and strengthens eye muscles with specific exercises.

The presence of strabismus in a newly born baby is not a cause for panic; for the first few months of his life, he cannot focus his eyes.

But in most cases, by 4-6 months, this phenomenon disappears without a trace. Proper Prevention help to avoid the transition of physiological strabismus into pathology.

passing through birth canal, the whole body of the child is very strongly compressed, as a result of which the head of the newborn may have asymmetry, and the face may be puffy.

Head of a newborn baby

The head of a newborn is relatively large; immediately after birth, almost every child can notice some deformation of the head, less often - asymmetry is obvious. As a rule, any such changes are temporary and should not scare young parents.

The main cause of deformation, as already mentioned, is the process of passing a little man through the birth canal. The fact is that the bones of the child's skull during the passage of this difficult journey are forced to move slightly relative to each other. For this reason, experts have identified a certain pattern: the larger the baby's head, the more deformation it will be subject to. As a rule, a large head is characteristic of a large fetus.

Babies who were born with the help do not have a noticeable deformation of the head.

If you carefully and carefully feel the head of a newborn child, you can easily find the so-called fontanelles. They are a soft area of skin between the bones of the skull, with light pressure on such areas with a finger, you can feel some pulsation. The largest fontanel is located just above the top of the head, the second is slightly lower from the large one. As the baby grows, his fontanels tighten; as a rule, by the year they disappear altogether.

Newborn face

In the first hours after childbirth, the face of the newborn still retains traces of strong compression: the nose is flattened, the eyelids are slightly swollen, the skin is swollen, with a reddish tint. In the folds on the face (in the area of the nose), behind the ears there are small accumulations of a special secret in the form of white / yellowish dots, thanks to this lubricating secret, it was easier for the child to pass through the birth canal. It is not worth removing such accumulations on your own, over time they will pass by themselves.

Separately, it is worth talking about the nose of a newborn. Immediately after birth, this olfactory organ will be slightly flattened and, as it may seem, very large. This state, again, is explained by the journey that the baby had to go through. After a couple of days, the baby's nose will become neat.

In the very first minutes after birth, all nasal cavity The newborn is filled with amniotic fluid, which doctors remove on their own using a special suction. The cartilage of the nose of the baby is very soft. Nasal passages are relatively narrow a large number of blood vessels, therefore, if the vessels expand (i.e., the mucous membrane swells), then the baby’s breathing becomes much more difficult. If breathing is difficult, then the baby will often interrupt during feeding to inhale air through the mouth. inevitable.

Experts say that a newborn is able to distinguish smells almost immediately after birth. They can even boast of a good sense of smell. In this regard, a young mother should remember: it is better to leave experiments with toilet waters / deodorants for later if she wants to breastfeed her baby for a long time.

If the baby is large, then, most likely, some deformation of the face will be visually noticeable: during childbirth, not only the bones of the skull, but also the bones on the baby's face were displaced. Such a face will not seem pretty to a young mother, but by the time she is discharged, the baby’s skin will have time to smooth out and he will appear in front of his dad (and other relatives) in his very glory.

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ANSWERS ON QUESTIONS

Congenital pathology in the form of congenital malformations can occur in critical periods prenatal development under the influence of factors external environment(physical, chemical, biological, etc.). In this case, there is no damage or changes in the genome.

Risk factors for the birth of children with malformations various genesis may be: the age of the pregnant woman is over 36 years old, previous births of children with malformations, spontaneous abortions, consanguineous marriage, somatic and gynecological diseases mother, complicated course of pregnancy (threat of abortion, prematurity, postmaturity, breech presentation, little and polyhydramnios).

Deviations in the development of an organ or organ system can be gross with severe functional insufficiency or just cosmetic defect. Congenital malformations are found in the neonatal period. Small deviations in the structure, which in most cases do not affect normal function organ, are called developmental anomalies or stigmas of disembryogenesis.

Stigmas attract attention in cases where there are more than 7 of them in one child, in this case it is possible to state a dysplastic constitution. There are difficulties in clinical evaluation dysplastic constitution, since one or more stigmas may be:

variant of the norm;
a symptom of a disease;
independent syndrome.

List of major dysplastic stigmas.

Neck and torso: short neck, its absence, pterygoid folds; short torso, short clavicles, funnel-shaped rib cage, "chicken" chest, short sternum, multiple nipples or widely spaced, asymmetrically located.

Skin and hair: hypertrichosis ( overgrowth hair), coffee stains, birthmarks, discolored skin, low or high hair growth, focal depigmentation.

Head and face: microcephalic skull (small skull size), tower skull, sloping skull, flat occiput, low forehead, narrow forehead, flat facial profile, depressed nose bridge, transverse forehead crease, low eyelids, pronounced brow ridges, wide nose bridge, curved nasal septum or nasal wall, cleft chin, small maxilla or mandible.

Eyes: microphthalmos, macrophthalmos, oblique incision of the eyes, epicanthus (vertical skin fold at the inner canthus of the eye).

Mouth, tongue and teeth: furrowed lips, pitted teeth, malocclusion, sawtooth teeth, inward growth, palate narrow or short or gothic, vaulted, teeth sparse or stained; bifurcated tip of the tongue, short frenulum, folded tongue, large or small tongue.

Ears: Set high, low or asymmetrical, small or big ears, additional, flat, fleshy auricles, "animal" ears, attached lobes, no lobes, additional tragus.

Spine: additional ribs, scoliosis, fusion of the vertebrae.

Hand: arachnodactyly (thin and long fingers), clinodactyly (curvature of the fingers), short wide hands, curved terminal phalanges of the fingers, brachydactyly (shortening of the fingers), transverse palmar groove, flat feet.

Abdomen and genitals: asymmetric abdomen, abnormal position of the navel, underdevelopment of the labia and scrotum.

With many malformations, it is difficult to determine the role of heredity and the environment in their occurrence, that is, it is an inherited trait or is associated with the impact of adverse factors on the fetus during pregnancy.

According to WHO, 10% of newborns have chromosomal abnormalities, that is, associated with a chromosome or gene mutation, and in 5% hereditary pathology i.e. inherited.

The defects that can occur both during mutation and be inherited, or arise from the adverse effect of a damaging factor on the fetus, include: congenital dislocation of the hip, clubfoot, horse foot, non-fusion hard palate And upper lip, anencephaly (complete or almost complete absence brain), birth defects heart, pyloric stenosis, spina bifida (spina bifida), etc.

The birth of a baby with congenital malformations is a difficult event for the family. Shock, guilt, lack of understanding of what to do next are the minimum negative experiences of the parents of such a child. The main task of mom and dad is to obtain maximum information about the disease of the child and provide him best care and treatment.

What should a future mother know about congenital malformations in order to try to avoid an undesirable outcome?

Fetal malformations can be:

genetic (chromosomal), due to heredity. We cannot influence their development (prevent);
formed in the fetus during fetal development (congenital), more dependent on us and our behavior, since we can limit or eliminate damaging external factors.

Chromosomal genetic malformations of the fetus

Genetic information is contained in the nucleus of every human cell in the form of 23 pairs of chromosomes. If an extra chromosome is formed in such a pair of chromosomes, this is called a trisomy.

The most common chromosomal genetic defects with whom doctors meet:

Down syndrome;
Patau syndrome;
Turner syndrome;
Edwards syndrome.

Other chromosomal defects are less common. In all cases chromosomal disorders mental and physical impairment of the child's health can be observed.

Prevent one or the other genetic abnormality impossible, but it is possible to detect chromosomal defects by prenatal diagnosis even before the birth of the child. To do this, a woman consults a geneticist who can calculate all the risks and prescribe prenatal studies to prevent unwanted consequences.

A pregnant woman is shown a consultation with a geneticist in cases where:

she or her partner has already had a baby with some hereditary diseases;
one of the parents has some congenital pathology, which can be inherited;
future parents are closely related;
identified high risk chromosomal pathology of the fetus as a result of prenatal screening (result hormonal analysis blood + ultrasound);
the age of the future mother is more than 35 years;
the presence of CFTR gene mutations in future parents;
the woman had missed miscarriages, spontaneous miscarriages or stillborn children of unknown origin in anamnesis (history).

If necessary, the geneticist offers expectant mother pass the additional examinations. Methods for examining a baby before birth, including non-invasive and invasive.

Non-invasive technologies cannot injure the baby, as they do not involve intrusion into the womb. These methods are considered safe and are offered to all pregnant women by an obstetrician-gynecologist. Non-invasive technologies include ultrasound and sampling venous blood future mother.

Invasive (chorionic biopsy, amniocentesis and cordocentesis) are the most accurate, but these methods may be unsafe for the unborn child, as they involve intrusion into the uterine cavity to collect special material for research. Invasive methods offered to the expectant mother only in special occasions and only a geneticist.

Most women prefer to attend genetics and undergo genetic research in case of any serious issues. But every woman is free in her choice. Everything depends on your specific situation, such decisions are always very individual, and no one but you knows the right answer.

Before you undergo such studies, consult with your relatives, obstetrician-gynecologist, psychologist.

Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome (XO). Occurs in girls 2:10000. Short neck, pterygoid folds on the neck, swelling of the distal extremities, congenital heart defects. In the future, sexual infantilism, short stature, primary amenorrhea are manifested.

Down syndrome (trisomy 21 chromosomes). Occurs in boys 1:1000. Wide flat nose bridge, flat nape, low hair growth, protruding big tongue, transverse fold on the palm, heart defects.

Klinefelter syndrome (XXY syndrome): tall patients with disproportionately long limbs, hypogonadism, secondary sexual characteristics are poorly developed, hair growth can be observed female type. Reduced sex drive, impotence, infertility. There is a tendency to alcoholism, homosexuality and antisocial behavior.

hereditary metabolic disorders

To features hereditary disorders metabolism include the gradual onset of the disease, the presence of a latent period, the aggravation of the signs of the disease over time, are detected more often in the process of growth and development of the child, although some may appear from the first days of life.

In the development of some forms of hereditary metabolic diseases, there is a clear connection with the nature of feeding. Chronic eating disorder that began in the neonatal period, as well as during the transition to artificial feeding or the introduction of complementary foods, may mask a deficiency of certain enzyme systems in the small intestine.

Most often in newborns, the metabolism of carbohydrates is disturbed. Most often, this is a deficiency of lactose, sucrose, etc. This group includes: galactose intolerance, glycogen accumulation, glucose intolerance, etc. General symptoms: dyspepsia, convulsions, jaundice, liver enlargement, changes in the heart, muscle hypotension.

Effective treatment started no later than two months of age. Milk is excluded from the diet, transferred to mixtures prepared on soy milk. Earlier complementary foods are introduced: porridge on meat or vegetable broth, vegetables, vegetable oils, eggs. Strict adherence to the diet is recommended up to 3 years.

Amino acid metabolism disorders. Of this group of diseases, phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common. It is manifested by a change in the central nervous system, dyspeptic phenomena, convulsive syndrome. PKU is characterized by a combination of progressive psychomotor retardation with persistent eczematous skin lesions, a "mouse" smell of urine, and reduced pigmentation of the skin, hair, and iris.

At present, a biochemical defect has been established for 150 hereditary metabolic disorders. Successful Therapy disease is possible in the absence of early diagnosis. In the neonatal period, a mass examination of children is carried out to identify certain diseases, including PKU.

Significantly expanded opportunities early detection hereditary diseases with the introduction of prenatal diagnostic methods into practice. Most fetal diseases are diagnosed by examining amniotic fluid and the cells it contains. Diagnose everyone chromosomal diseases, 80 gene diseases. In addition to amniocentesis, ultrasonography, determination of β-fetoprotein in the blood of pregnant women and in the amniotic fluid, the level of which increases with damage to the central nervous system in the fetus.

Non-hereditary malformations of the fetus

From the moment of fertilization, that is, the fusion of male and female gamete, the formation of a new organism begins.

Embryogenesis lasts from the 3rd week to the 3rd month. Malformations that appear during embryogenesis are called embryopathies. There are critical periods in the formation of the embryo, harmful effects damage those organs and systems that are laid at the time of exposure to the damaging factor. When exposed unfavorable factor on the 1st-2nd week, very gross defects appear, often incompatible with life, which leads to miscarriages. On the 3-4th week, the head, the cardiovascular system are formed, the rudiments of the liver, lungs, thyroid gland, kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, the laying of future limbs is planned, therefore, such defects as the absence of eyes arise, hearing aid, liver, kidneys, lung, pancreas, extremities, brain hernias, the formation of additional organs is possible. At the end of the first month, the laying of the genitals occurs, lymphatic system, spleen, formation of the umbilical cord.

In the second month, anomalies such as cleft lip and palate, anomalies of the hearing aid, cervical fistulas and cysts, defects in the chest and abdominal wall, defects of the diaphragm, partitions of the heart, anomalies of the nervous system, vascular and muscular systems.

Embryopathies include:

congenital diaphragmatic hernia,
limb defects (complete absence of all or one limb, rudimentary development of the distal parts of the limbs with normal development proximal parts, the absence of proximal parts of the limbs with the normal development of the distal parts, when the hands or feet start directly from the body),
atresia of the esophagus, intestines, anus,
hernia of the umbilical cord,
atresia of the biliary tract,
lung agenesis (lack of one lung),
congenital heart defects
malformations of the kidneys and urinary tract,
malformations of the central nervous system (anencephaly - the absence of the brain, microcephaly - the underdevelopment of the brain).

Fetopathy. The fetal period lasts from the 4th week prenatal period before the birth of the child. He, in turn, is divided into early - from the 4th month. up to the 7th month, and late - the 8th and 9th months. pregnancy.

When exposed to a damaging factor in the early neonatal period on the fetus, a violation of the differentiation of an already pledged organ occurs. Fetopathies (early) include: hydrocephalus, microcephaly, microphthalmia and other malformations of the central nervous system, pulmonary cystosis, hydronephrosis, hernia of the head and spinal cord- protrusion medulla through sutures and bone defects. Craniocerebral hernias are more often localized at the root of the nose or in the posterior cranial region.

Congenital intrauterine malformations of the fetus can be of a diverse nature, as they can affect almost any organ, any system of a developing baby.

The following environmental hazards are known

Alcohol and drugs - often lead to serious disorders and malformations of the fetus, sometimes incompatible with life.
Nicotine - can cause a lag in the growth and development of a child.
Medications are especially dangerous for early dates pregnancy. They can cause a variety of malformations of the baby. If possible, it is better to refrain from using medications even after the 15-16th week of pregnancy (an exception when it is necessary to maintain the health of the mother and baby).
Infectious diseases transmitted from mother to child are very dangerous for the baby, as they can cause serious violations and developmental defects.
X-ray, radiation - are the cause of many fetal malformations.
Mom's professional hazards (harmful workshops, etc.), which have toxic effects on the fetus - can seriously affect its development.

Congenital pathology of the fetus is detected on various terms pregnancy, so the expectant mother needs to undergo timely examinations by doctors at the recommended time

in the first trimester of pregnancy: 6-8 weeks (ultrasound) and 10-12 weeks (ultrasound + blood test);
in the II trimester of pregnancy: 16-20 weeks (ultrasound + blood test) and 23-25 weeks (ultrasound);
in the III trimester of pregnancy: 30-32 weeks (ultrasound + doppler) and 35-37 weeks (ultrasound + doppler).

Prenatal diagnosis is becoming more and more common these days, because knowledge about the health of the unborn baby and prognosis are very important for future parents. Knowing about the condition of the fetus, the family, having assessed the situation and its capabilities, may refuse to become pregnant.

Julia Kamalova, student of the British high school design, won national stage international competition young engineers James Dyson Award 2016. Yulia's SvetTex neonatal phototherapy nest project made her win the first stage of the competition. The invention of SvetTex is able to create the maximum comfortable conditions treatment of infants and to protect the eyes of young patients from blinding light during phototherapy. In addition, it protects the medical...

Discussion

No specialist at 10 months can confirm or refute the diagnosis of FAS on the basis of an external examination. Both are unprofessional - and the one who said that there is a FAS, and the one who said that there is no FAS. With a delay in development of 10 months. for 4 months, that is, almost 40% of the FAS may well be. it may not be. If it is not known whether the mother drank, it is USELESS to make predictions.

18.08.2010 11:23:52, Natalya L

It's good that you showed firmness and found a cardiologist!

I also had heart disease and ischemia in my chart, and there ... something else ... in general terms (movement disorders, developmental delay and you dy - it didn’t tell me anything specific, but I’m a specific person).
OOO was, 3mm, false chord. Strabismus - yes. Joint dysplasia, which was listed in the questionnaire, not b-s-l-o

Thank God that we did not come across such doctors as your pediatrician.

However, to be honest, I wasn’t going to listen to doctors at all on the topic of taking or not taking (the children were already at home when we examined them), so I missed a lot of things, even if it would have been something for the doctors to tell me.

I was only interested specifically: what I must do now.

How to properly care for the navel of a newborn
... The umbilical wound gradually heals, becoming covered with a hemorrhagic (dense "bloody") crust. If the child continues to be in the maternity hospital at this time, then the umbilical wound is treated in the same way as before the umbilical cord residue - once a day. With a wide umbilical wound, possible low sanious secretions more frequent treatment may be prescribed by the doctor. As in the case of any wound, the hemorrhagic crust formed on the umbilical wound gradually disappears. If the healing proceeds safely, then after the thick crust falls off, there is no discharge from the wound. Sometimes, when a large crust falls off (this happens with a wide umbilical wound), there may be a release of droplets of blood, the wound "teared ...

Jaundice of newborns. Newborn

Types of jaundice in newborns. Causes of jaundice, treatment of jaundice
... That's why doctors in maternity hospitals carefully monitor the level of bilirubin in the blood of all newborns. When jaundice occurs, newborns should be given this test 2-3 times during their stay in the hospital to clarify whether there is an increase in the concentration of bilirubin in the blood. Mom may ask if such tests were taken from the child. For the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia (an increase in the level of bilirubin in the blood), intravenous transfusions of a 5% solution of glucose (it is a precursor of glucuronic acid that binds bilirubin in the liver) were widely used in the past, ascorbic acid and phenobarbital (these drugs increase the activity of liver enzymes), choleretic agents(they accelerate the excretion of bilirubin with bile), adsorbents (agar-agar, cholestyramine), which bind bilirubin in the intestine and prevent its reabsorption. ABOUT...

For this, the baby trains the arms and legs inside the mother's belly in order to learn how to use them after birth. Wouldn't it be violence against nature if we began to restrict his freedom? In general, it is natural for a person to think that he is smarter and wiser than nature. So what, that in the process of evolution, mammals came to land to give birth to their children? We necessarily have an opinion that the continuation of the aquatic environment for a newborn baby is better than getting into the air, and we go to give birth in the water. So what, what does a person's dentition say about his adaptability to omnivorousness (a combination of herbivorous and predatory lifestyles)? For us, this is not an argument either, and we come up with a theory about contamination of the body with toxins when eating meat, about achieving special spiritual growth when refusing it - and hit the vegetarian ...

Discussion

And I swaddle. More precisely, swaddled up to 2.5 months. Comfortable and all. They almost immediately stopped using diapers at night - it’s unpleasant to sleep wet, it hiccupped only before or during night feeding. True, everyone told me that I swaddled incorrectly - too weakly, I always pulled out my hands. His legs inside jerked calmly. Now the diaper is already on the bedding and sometimes when the sliders are all wet. Gets out of them once or twice. I will say a few words in defense of diapers - 1. Cheaper than diapers and sliders. 2. More comfortable than wearing sliders or a bodysuit (can you imagine how to take off a bodysuit if you poop over your head?) 3. The priest breathes. Especially in chinese diapers.
And in addition I will say: why limit yourself to only swaddling or only diapers, if it is more reasonable to use both? For example, in the morning, to get enough sleep and not change diapers every 5 minutes, use a diaper, also at night and for a walk? And the rest of the time diapers, sliders.

2. The presence of several signs characteristic of FAS at the same time (they have already been described below), and again there are problems in the development of the child.

In addition, there different degrees FAS: the intellect may or may not be affected or may be partially affected. Behavioral problems are possible, but again - different.

In general, in any case, you need to look at the child: look at how he understands and remembers / applies new information and skills; see how disinhibited he is in behavior (whether it is acceptable for you or not); and look especially carefully to see if you just like him (believe me, if you really like the child, problems are experienced and solved more easily).

A neuropathologist noticed today and sent me to a genetics specialist. Extra crease on the palm - what kind of animal? can anyone come across?

Discussion

SD is usually so clearly visible in different features that it can be installed immediately after birth. The child is at least "ugly". All these signs can be seen even by the mother herself, comparing the child with other newborns.
Therefore, I think that SD does not threaten you, since no one immediately suspected anything.
But what other gene. pathology may well be. And this fold is rare, but it also happens in absolutely healthy children in terms of genetics. What do you sincerely wish!

But how can you suspect the presence of Down syndrome in a newborn?

In such children, the Mongoloid incision of the eyes, the skin fold in inner corners eye, wide bridge of the nose, deformed auricles, flattened occiput. They are slightly undersized oral cavity and the tongue is slightly enlarged, because of which the children can stick it out. The fingers are shortened, the little fingers are curved, there can be only one transverse fold on the palm. On the legs, the distance between the first and second toes is increased. The skin is moist, smooth, the hair is thin, dry. Muscle tone, often reduced, which causes another feature- constantly open mouth.
Often these signs are so weak that they can only be noticed experienced doctor or a midwife.
If you suspect that the baby has Down syndrome, it is necessary to conduct chromosomal tests to confirm the diagnosis.