There will be an ovulation cycle of 28 days. Timing of ovulation

The greatest value on Earth is life, and the main sacrament is its origin. Ovulation plays a leading role in this process. In a healthy woman, it happens imperceptibly and they think about it only when they begin to plan the appearance of a baby in the family. During this period, the expectant mother may hear from the doctor the unfamiliar term “late ovulation”, which is alarming, like everything new.

What is it - a variant of the norm or pathology? Is it worth worrying? And, most importantly, can late ovulation be a hindrance to motherhood?

Ovulation means the release of a mature egg abdominal cavity women. It is impossible to predict in advance which day this will happen. Ovulation is considered normal in the middle of the menstrual cycle. With a period between periods of 28 days, maturation occurs approximately on day 14. If the cycle lasts 34 days, this should happen on the 17th day.

We can say that a woman has late ovulation if, during a cycle of 28 days, the egg matures, for example, on day 18.

This delay is due to a number of factors. It happens like absolutely healthy women due to physiological characteristics, and under the influence of diseases and various third-party influences. Late ovulation and menstruation are related. The longer the egg matures, the longer the cycle will be.

The main question that worries a woman who is planning a baby is whether pregnancy is possible with late ovulation? Given that healthy body and with the help of minor medical correction, motherhood ensues. So pregnancy and late ovulation are not mutually exclusive.

What causes late ovulation?

The delay in egg maturation that occurs during late ovulation depends on many factors. Sometimes it is called physiological characteristics women and is considered a variant of the norm.

The most common causes of late ovulation are:

Increased physical and psychological stress. It is advisable to avoid them during pregnancy planning.
Infectious diseases of the reproductive organs.
Hormonal changes in the body.
Abuse of funds emergency contraception in past.
Women's underweight. The lack of adipose tissue negatively affects the production of estrogen, which provokes late ovulation.
Increased power loads, playing sports in combination with taking steroids.
Spontaneous and, recent childbirth.

How to recognize deviation?

If a woman has a suspicion of a violation of the cycle, you should visit a doctor and undergo a diagnosis. Exist various methods definition of ovulation. Some can be used at home, while others are carried out in medical institution.

The simplest method for calculating the maturation of an egg is to determine basal body temperature.

Measurement is made mercury thermometer right after waking up. This must be done in a rectal way, without getting out of bed. The data obtained is recorded for plotting. Just before the onset of ovulation, the basal temperature drops sharply, and the next day it increases.

To obtain reliable information, measurements are carried out for a long time (from 3 months or more).

The next method is an ultrasound of the pelvic organs, which allows you to see the maturation of the follicle and ovulation. Several diagnostics are required ultrasound research held at intervals of 2-3 days.

You can also use home tests that determine ovulation. They are available in most major pharmacies. The principle of the test is based on the determination of luteinizing hormone in the urine, which appears a few days before ovulation.

From listed ways most accurate results gives an examination by a gynecologist with an ultrasound (ultrasound).

However, one-time observations cannot reliably judge the presence of late ovulation. Therefore, any method must be applied for several menstrual cycles.

Relationship between pregnancy and late ovulation

To understand whether late ovulation is a hindrance to pregnancy, it is necessary to establish its causes. If this phenomenon is caused by health problems, then the planning of the child may be delayed, since they rarely go away on their own.

In most cases, the treatment prescribed by the doctor helps to establish regular cycle and offensive long-awaited pregnancy.

Even ovulation does not occur in the middle of the cycle, this does not indicate a violation. It is important that it occurs approximately 2 weeks before menstruation. When these dates are shifted in one direction or another, it is worth considering. Problems with conceiving a baby arise if the duration of the second half of the cycle is always shorter than the first.

Pregnancy with late ovulation can occur almost before menstruation. Therefore, determined by ultrasound and obstetric terms may differ. This must be taken into account in order to calmly respond to the allegedly existing fetal lag in development.

HCG with late ovulation is lower than expected on the corresponding obstetric term(counting from the first day of the last menstruation). You should not worry about this, but after detecting pregnancy, it is advisable to observe its growth in dynamics.

Further, expectant mother need to inform the doctor antenatal clinic about your menstrual cycle.

How to correct the cycle?

One of the drugs used to regulate the cycle is Duphaston.

The appointment of "Duphaston" for late ovulation is controversial today. He has many opponents. For example, in the UK, the product has not been released since 2008. However, in many countries, late ovulation and Duphaston go hand in hand. It is prescribed to stimulate menstruation, regulate the cycle.

But the drug is still not recommended for those who want to get pregnant in as soon as possible. This is due to the need to use the tool on schedule. Even a single mistake in the time of administration or dosage can lead to an effect opposite to the desired one. That is, instead of a long-awaited pregnancy, menstruation will come.

Some experts in the field of medicine (Institute medical research and the formation of Essen in Germany) argue that the use of the drug "Dufaston" to eliminate late ovulation is not only not justified, but can also lead to its complete absence, postponing the onset of motherhood.

Sometimes the prescription of the drug is not confirmed by the results of the analysis, but is based only on the assumption of a lack of progesterone in the blood. If there are doubts about the competence of the doctor recommending Duphaston, it is worth consulting other specialists on this issue. It's easier to get through additional examination than to eliminate the consequences of illiterate and inept interference in the body.

Except drug treatment and following the recommendations of the attending physician, the woman herself can take measures to conceive as soon as possible.

To get pregnant faster, you need:

lead an active sexual life with a permanent partner;
observe the regime of work and rest, do not overwork;
avoid increased psycho-emotional stress;
adhere to a healthy diet;
avoid smoking and minimize alcohol consumption;

Answers

Every month, in all girls, the body prepares for conception, and for many it is very important to know in advance the dates for the release of the egg from the ovaries. We will tell you when ovulation occurs in women at 28 daily cycle how to understand that the process has begun, its causes and how often it is carried out.

What is ovulation

Menstrual cycles are a very complex phenomenon, they are not always regular, they can start and end as they please, and sometimes even happen several times a month. This is due to the fact that each woman is individual, the cycle depends on many factors:

Stress;
Physical activity;
Hormone levels.

As with irregular cycle, and with constant dates, it is very important to know how many days before menstruation an egg is released, because ovulation is important not only for those who want to become parents, but also for those who use the calculation as a method of contraception.
Video: how ovulation occurs

How does the process of ovulation occur?

Let us consider in more detail what ovulation is and when it occurs. This process refers to a specific phase of the menstrual cycle, it is called the “ovulation phase”. It is at this time that the ovary releases an egg for fertilization. The body sends out a series of signals that trigger an increase in estrogen levels in the body. In turn, this increase causes an increase in luteinizing hormone (the so-called LH surge). This is a special hormone that is responsible for the fact that after ovulation, when conception occurs, fertilization occurs. When this LH surge reaches a certain point, one of the ovaries releases an egg. It travels down the fallopian tubes to create new life.

It is very difficult to accurately predict on what day after ovulation conception occurs. This is because every woman's cycle is different, it can even change from month to month. It is generally believed that every girl has a cycle of about 28 days. But according to the latest data, it can vary from 21 days to 35. Irregular periods are especially problematic in this regard (when they always occur at different time), here it is almost impossible to recognize "day X".

There is a general rule of thumb: ovulation occurs two weeks before your period. This means that if you have a 28-day menstrual cycle, around the fourteenth day the egg will come out of the ovary. But such graphs are not accurate. As a result of some changes in the body or lifestyle, ovulation can occur any day from the 9th to the 20th. So that the calendar does not exactly fail, you need to monitor the presence of other signs of ovulation.

Many women choose to time their cycles to determine when they ovulate. All you need is a calendar. When the period comes, this day is marked on the calendar. In the second month, we again mark the start date and calculate the number of days between cycles. To determine the ovulation phase as accurately as possible, we count 14 days ago from the last marked day.

It is also very important to know why the egg does not ovulate. Causes may be different: illness, postpartum period, abortion, psychological shock. The female reproductive system is a very delicate part of our body. But remember that if there is no menstruation, this does not mean that you do not have eggs. If at one moment the menstruation stopped, and this is not related to pregnancy or childbirth, immediately go to the doctor, this may mean a cyst, venereal disease or severe neurosis.

Why know about the day of ovulation

Why is it important for girls to know when ovulation occurs? There are many factors and aspects of life where this knowledge is needed:

Ovulation tracking will help you predict when your period will start so you'll never be caught off guard. It is especially useful for irregular periods, after an abortion, for polycystic or endometriosis;
During ovulation, girls are in their most fertile period. If pregnancy is the most important desire, then knowing about the timing of ovulation will play a good role;
Women who are sexually active but do not want to become pregnant sometimes control their ovulation to prevent pregnancy. If during this period you refrain from love pleasures, then the risk of becoming a mother is significantly reduced.

Signs of ovulation

Girls very clearly show that they have a fertile period. Exists whole line physical signs. How to determine the time of ovulation:

Swollen chest. Before and during ovulation, the nipples become inflamed and more sensitive in girls, perhaps the breasts become larger;
Drawing pain in the lower abdomen: menstrual pain accompanies more than 60% of girls all their lives. It is the brightest and bad sign that ovulation occurs in the ovary;
Body temperature. During the release of the egg, a slight increase in basal body temperature is noticed;
The condition of the nails and hair follicle improves, after ovulation occurs at a normal pace;
Changes in the cervix. This is noticed only by girls who have already given birth and professional gynecologists. Because of the mucus, the shape and position of the cervix changes a little, it makes the process of conception so much easier.

To be sure that the process has begun, it is advisable for you to do special tests, they are sold in all pharmacies. We do not recommend relying only on information from calculations and calendars.

If there is no ovulation, girls begin to worry and get nervous, because this in itself is a sign of weakness and soreness of the body.

What to do if ovulation does not occur:

Exclude the possibility of pregnancy with a test;
Visit a doctor, he will determine the cause as accurately as possible, conduct tests and prescribe treatment;
Do not be nervous, even if you have ovarian dysfunction, you will only make it worse with worries and tantrums;
Doctors often use the method hCG injection. Of course, the result is not 100%, and still the question of why there is no ovulation phase remains open, but this way the chances of getting pregnant increase significantly;
The most severe method: induce ovulation. To do this, you can use the drug Clostilbegit (Clomiphene Citrate). Use this method only after consulting your doctor. It must not be drunk at all elevated temperature, pregnancy and feeding.

Ovulation is the moment when an egg is released from the ovary fallopian tube as a result of the break dominant follicle. With a normal 28 day menstrual cycle ovulation in most cases occurs on the 14th day after the onset of menstruation. The life span of an egg is 12 to 24 hours. The fertile period, taking into account the life of the sperm in the cervix (3-5 days), begins four days before the onset of ovulation and ends within 24 hours after its onset.

Normal menstrual cycle

follicular phase. The first phase of the cycle begins with bleeding, average duration which is 5 days. After this period, under the influence increased excretion estrogen uterine mucosa begins to recover. At the end of the phase, the dominant follicle matures in the ovary from which the egg is released.

Ovulation. In a normal menstrual cycle of 28 days, ovulation usually occurs on the 14th day and lasts for 24 hours. The egg leaves the ovary and continues down the fallopian tube in the hope of meeting with the sperm.

In most cases, a woman is not able to feel the moment of ovulation. Therefore, to determine it, medical institutions conduct an ultrasound of the ovary for the presence of a dominant follicle in it and an analysis of the luteinizing hormone in the blood, which rises a few hours before the onset of ovulation.

Determine the onset of ovulation and the most fertile period regardless of the length of the menstrual cycle will help!

luteal phase.

If fertilization does not occur, progesterone production decreases, rejection of the inner mucous layer of the uterus occurs, and menstruation occurs after 14 days.

Signs of ovulation

increased content

and chest;
change in the position of the cervix.

In case of problems with the onset of ovulation, it is worth consulting with a gynecologist.

Pregnancy is a wonderful state. And even better - the realization that a baby is about to appear in the house. You can bring the long-awaited moment closer by finding out the exact day of ovulation.

Calculation of the day of ovulation with a cycle of 28

We will immediately consider an independent calculation, including its advantages and disadvantages.

But a girl can become pregnant a few days earlier or later, because the sperm cell lives in the woman's body for several days, and the fertilized egg lives for a day.

If the cycle is not regular, then you should not rely on calculations. In addition, ovulation is early, timely, late.

With an independent miscalculation, an excellent assistant is an ovulation test, which can be purchased at any pharmacy.

If we talk about online miscalculations, then it is easier and better than independent calendar method the fact that the program gives the following dates:

day of ovulation;
probable days of conception;
"useless" days;
for those to whom the sex of the child is important, the periods of "boy" and "girl" are emphasized.

How to use online calculator very simple: you need to enter the date of the first day of menstruation, the duration of menstruation (for example, 3 days), the duration of the cycle - in our case 28 days. Then the "calculate" button is pressed.

Everything, enough, is elementary. But this test is not suitable if the cycle is not regular or ovulation is not on time (early or late).

The doctor determines the day of ovulation by ultrasound diagnostics. This method is mainly used by those girls whose cycle is broken, that is, there are difficulties with independent and computer miscalculations.

Early ovulation on a 28 day cycle

Early maturation of the egg is explained by:

hormonal disruptions;
malnutrition;
stress;
traumatic sex;
abuse of alcoholic, narcotic substances;
heavy physical labor;
change of residence;
overwork;
postpartum period and inflammatory processes.

signs early ovulation similar to the usual symptoms:

pain in the lower abdomen and bloating;
breast swelling and pain;
change in the consistency of vaginal discharge;
mood swings;
increased libido.

Early ovulation is not as scary as it might seem at first glance, although it all depends on the reasons for its occurrence. By eliminating the factor, the problem is eliminated.

Late ovulation with a 28 day cycle

If early ripening eggs are common occurrence, then later - refers to almost single situations. Harbingers of late ovulation are more serious than in the previous version:

infectious diseases of the genital organs;
abortions;
miscarriages;
postpartum period;
menopause;
hormonal dysfunction.

Now it is clear that in order to treat late ovulation, it is necessary to eliminate its source.

As for the symptoms, everything is determined at the individual level - each woman is different.

Does re-ovulation occur?

Usually the formula is: 1 cycle = 1 ovulation. But there are known exceptions, to be exact:

before menopause;
stop taking hormonal drugs;
elevated sexual attraction, which is more common in women in the absence of a regular relationship.

As it has already become known, no one is immune from re-ovulation. But relying on her, even if she has come, is not recommended, since the mature egg cell most often dies during this period.

Without ovulation

Some women throw tantrums when they find out that during the entire period from menstruation to menstruation, she did not have cell maturation. It's too early to sound the alarm if anovulation (lack of ovulation) happened 2 to 3 times a year. This happens even in a healthy body.

If anovulation is more than four times a year, then this is a serious reason to see a doctor.

Anovulation is typical for: menopause, pregnancy, taking certain medical preparations; hormonal disorders, infertility.

Be that as it may, every girl who has reached reproductive age(even if she is virgin) should visit the gynecologist at least twice a year. A preventive examination will allow you to avoid a number of problems in the future, and also at the time of the conversation with the doctor, the girl is able to find all the answers for herself. Besides, ultrasound definition ovulation in a medical facility is the surest way.

It so happened that childbearing function is activated in the girl's body at the moment when she does not care about this function at all. Having just put the doll aside, the girl is faced with a number of processes that are obscure to her, taking place in her body, which immediately begin to be vigorously discussed among her peers with consultations from those who are older. Yes, and mothers in this situation are not always on top, because they themselves are poorly oriented in this topic.

So, let's figure out once and for all what happens to you every month, dear women, what is considered the norm, what should alert you.

Most women answer the question about the length of their menstrual cycle with a similar phrase. “about once a month, a couple of days earlier than the previous month”- this intricate phrase indicates the duration of the cycle of 28 days. This cycle length occurs in most healthy women, but does this mean that a shorter or more long cycle Is there a pathology? No!

Recognized that a normal menstrual cycle can last from 21 to 35 days, that is, plus or minus a week from the average of 28 days. The duration of the menstruation itself can normally vary from 2 to 6 days, and the volume of blood lost should be no more than 80 ml. A longer cycle is found in residents of the northern regions, a shorter one in the southern, but this is not an absolute pattern.

In the menstrual cycle, its regularity is important. That is, if a woman's cycle is always 35-36 days, then for her it can be absolutely normal, but if it is 26, then 35, then 21 - this is not the norm. Thus, pathology can be considered irregular(when menstruation comes after an unequal period of time), long cycle(more than 36 days) or short cycle(less than 21 days). In general, the menstrual cycle can vary greatly depending on the condition of the woman and the situation in which she is.

However, different women lability of the menstrual cycle depending on external and internal factors happens different. For some, a little stress can already lead to a delay in menstruation, while for others, severe depression is not a reason for menstrual irregularities. One woman's menstrual cycle can match another woman's if they long time exist together. This is often seen in women's sports teams or when living together in a hostel. What explains this fact is not entirely clear. One can only say that menstrual cycle albeit a clear mechanism, but can vary significantly in a normal healthy woman and these changes are a reflection of the body's response to external and internal factors.

The menstrual cycle is not always stable

Most irregular period- these are the first two years after the onset of menstruation and three years before their end (menopause). Violations during these periods are due to physiological reasons, which we will discuss below.

Where do these numbers come from and why can they change?

The menstrual cycle is divided into three phases: menstruation, the first phase (follicular) and the second phase (luteal). Menstruation lasts an average of 4 days. During this phase, the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is shed due to the fact that pregnancy has not occurred.

First phase lasts from the end of menstruation to ovulation, that is, on average, up to the 14th day of the cycle with a 28-day cycle (the days of the cycle are counted from the moment the menstruation begins).

This phase is characterized by the following events: in the ovaries, several follicles begin to grow (from birth, a lot of small vesicles (follicles) in which the eggs are located are laid in the ovaries). In the process of their growth, these follicles secrete estrogens (female sex hormones) into the blood, under the influence of which the mucous membrane (endometrium) grows in the uterus.

Shortly before the 14th day of the cycle, all follicles except one stop growing and regress, and one grows to an average of 20 mm and bursts under the influence of special stimuli. This process is called ovulation. The ovum is released from the ruptured follicle and enters the fallopian tube where she waits for sperm. The edges of the ruptured follicle gather (like a flower that closes at night) and this formation is now called the "corpus luteum".

Starts immediately after ovulation second phase of the cycle. It lasts from the moment of ovulation to the onset of menstruation, that is, about 12-14 days. During this phase, the woman's body waits for the onset of pregnancy. In the ovary, the flowering of the "yellow body" begins - formed from a burst follicle corpus luteum sprouts with vessels, and begins to secrete another female sexual hubbub (progesterone) into the blood, which prepares the uterine mucosa for the attachment of a fertilized egg and the onset of pregnancy. If pregnancy has not occurred, then a signal is sent to the corpus luteum about this and it turns off its work.

When the corpus luteum stops secreting progesterone, a signal is sent to the uterus, and it begins to reject the already unnecessary endometrium. Menstruation begins.

With different cycle lengths, the duration of the phases is reduced - this means that one woman needs 10 days for the maturation of the follicle, and the other needs 15-16.

Having dealt with what the menstrual cycle consists of, it is easy to understand what determines its duration in the norm and in the presence of pathology.

Why at the very beginning, everything is often not stable, and then, after childbirth, it gets better?

The reproductive system of a woman matures gradually, and being a complex mechanism, requires a period of adjustment. The fact that a girl is having her first period does not mean that its system is mature and ready to fully work(although for some, the menstrual cycle begins to work correctly from the very beginning).

The functioning of the female reproductive system can be compared with an orchestra in the best possible way, the harmonious play of all the instruments of which creates the unique sound of a piece of music - in our case regular menstrual cycle. Just as instruments in an orchestra require a period of tuning, so all components of the reproductive system need to agree with each other on understanding and working harmoniously together. Such a rehearsal usually takes about 6 months - someone has more, someone less, and someone may be delayed.

Why are there delays or periods start earlier?

Everything is very simple - if during the first phase of the cycle it is not possible to grow a full-fledged follicle, which could burst in the middle of the cycle (ovulation), then the second phase of the cycle, respectively, does not begin (no ovulation - there is nothing to form a corpus luteum). The first phase lasts a long time, until the uterine mucosa (endometrium), which has grown under the influence of estrogen, begins to be shed on its own (like a pyramid of cubes collapses when it is too high). The cycle in this situation can be delayed up to several months.

In this case, in the next cycle, ovulation can occur and the cycle can have a normal length. When such an alternation occurs, they speak of an irregular menstrual cycle.

Another reason for delayed menstruation may be too long existence of the corpus luteum. As I noted above, it lives for about 10 days and then begins to curtail its work, since pregnancy has not occurred. But sometimes it happens that despite the fact that the pregnancy has not occurred, the corpus luteum continues its work and menstruation does not occur in any way, and comes only when the corpus luteum finally decides to leave.

More earlier onset of menstruation due, as a rule, to the fact that also the notorious corpus luteum, on the contrary, stops its work too early. This leads to more early start monthly.

Remember how an orchestra sounds when it's tuning instruments - that's the same cacophony of the menstrual cycle often seen at the beginning. The components of the reproductive system negotiate between them so that they can grow the follicle in 14 days, start the process of ovulation, and maintain the corpus luteum for at least 10 days. At the beginning, not all stages of this work are successful for her, and this is manifested by an irregular menstrual cycle.

But this setting can be seriously interfered with by the person himself. Nothing so negatively affects the process of formation of the reproductive system as stress(reinforced study, exams, unhappy love), reinforced sports training, extreme weight loss, frequent illnesses, smoking, alcohol and drugs. Against the background of all of the above, quite often periods disappear and then they have to wait a long time. And the reason is very simple, I would say there is a simple biological expediency in this - in extreme conditions life and when, for health reasons, a woman cannot bear healthy offspring, the reproductive function is turned off until better times. Not for nothing during the war, most women stopped menstruating, this phenomenon was even given special term wartime amenorrhea.

What to do with it?

I will make a reservation right away that I do not take into account various diseases I'm talking about some common menstrual cycle adjustment problems. Are resolved similar violations cycle of hormonal contraception. Here we need to return again to the comparison with the orchestra. If the orchestra starts to get out of tune, you need to stop playing completely, give the musicians a break and start again. Hormonal contraception does exactly that. She turns off the reproductive system and all the time she takes contraception, she "rests". Then, after its cancellation, the system starts working again and, as a rule, cycle failures disappear.

Why is it that quite often the cycle becomes stable after childbirth, and sexuality reaches its peak?

The orchestra can rehearse as long as it likes, but it is finally played only when it has performed its first concerto from beginning to end. Pregnancy is the only purpose for which the reproductive system is generally provided in the body. Only after the first full pregnancy, ending in childbirth and the period of breastfeeding, the reproductive system matures completely, since during this period all the functions provided by nature are realized. After pregnancy, the woman finally matures and all the properties of the body that are not completely “unpacked” finally begin to work in full force.

The reproductive system must be used for its intended purpose - this is important; menstruation is not a function of the reproductive system, but a monthly reminder that it even exists and still works.

Let's go 30...

As time goes by, the reproductive system, which on average is given to exist in working order for 38 years (from 13 to 51), instead of fulfilling its function, is limited only to regular menstruation.

For reference: on average, a woman in her life (with 2 births) experiences about 400 menstruations and loses about 32 liters of blood, while during reproductive behavior (pregnancy, childbirth, 3 years of feeding, and only then 1-2 menstruations and again pregnancy ) menstruation is about 40 .

In addition, with age, a woman replenishes the history of various gynecological and common diseases , and all this begins to affect the state of the reproductive system and, therefore, is reflected in menstrual irregularities. Inflammation, abortion, gynecological surgery, overweight or underweight, general chronic diseases may be causing problems.

Violation of the menstrual cycle in the form of delays or an earlier onset of menstruation a couple of times a year can occur in the absence of any pathology.

As a rule, this is due to climate change or other stresses for the body (illness, hard work, personal problems, etc.). All nervous professions can lead either to a delay in menstruation, to their earlier onset, or to a complete cessation.

All women are different, so everyone will have a different cycle depending on the type of reaction to stress and the phase of the cycle in which it occurs. For most women nervous work generally do not affect their menstrual cycle in any way. Cycle disorders, especially if before that he was stable, often make a woman think that something is wrong with her. Not in all cases, you need to panic.

If you can clearly remember any negative events in the recent past that have greatly shocked you, then most likely this is a one-time violation of the cycle and there is nothing to worry about. If there is no menstruation for a very long time (and the pregnancy test is negative), then you should consult a doctor. If menstruation came earlier and does not end in any way, this is also a reason to hurry up for an examination by a gynecologist.

Sometimes cycle disorder can be manifested by very frequent menstruation(several times a month). And then there is no need to delay - urgently see a doctor.
But if the regularity of the cycle disappears completely This is also a reason to see a doctor.

Regularity- the main indicator of the normal functioning of the reproductive system. Sometimes it happens that the cycle had one duration and suddenly becomes shorter while maintaining its regularity. As a rule, this is due to the fact that the second phase of the cycle becomes shorter, as the corpus luteum begins to work less. Such changes are more often observed closer to 40 years. This is not a reason to panic, but simply a reflection of the fact that your reproductive system will also change with age, just like you.

early menopause

This is one of the very common fears of women. In fact, this fear is exaggerated, since early menopause is quite rare. It is mainly due to rare congenital diseases, rare systemic diseases, a consequence of treatment (chemotherapy, radiation therapy at oncological diseases) and other rare conditions. There are situations when, due to surgical intervention a woman's ovary or part of it is removed. Then menopause may come earlier due to the fact that there is little tissue left in the ovaries that could support normal operation reproductive system.

early menopause, as a rule, it is manifested by the cessation of menstruation and the appearance of symptoms of insufficiency of female sex hormones (hot flashes, irritability, tearfulness, insomnia, etc.). There is no prevention of this disease.

Painful periods and PMS

For some reason it is assumed that bad feeling during menstruation is normal. Presence of pain, nausea, migraine during menstruation is not a normal occurrence. Such a state painful menstruation called dysmenorrhea and requires treatment. Even if these phenomena are expressed insignificantly, they can and should be corrected.

Dysmenorrhea happens like primary(most common in young age), when it is due, most likely, simply to the immaturity of the reproductive system and secondary– when it is a reflection of a number of serious gynecological diseases.

The same applies to premenstrual syndrome. In general, the wide popularization of this syndrome allows women to write off their sometimes not entirely adequate actions and behaviors as manifestations of this syndrome. However, PMS is not a feature of a woman's personality. which everyone must come to terms with. PMS is a disease, which has not fully understood causes, a whole list of symptoms and specific medical measures. Manifestations of PMS can and should be corrected. The monthly illness is taken for granted in modern conditions wrong. If you have such problems, consult a doctor.

how it all ends

Decay of the reproductive system usually occurs in the same way as its formation. Menstruation becomes irregular, there is a tendency to delay. This is due to the same reasons as in the beginning.

The ovaries respond worse to stimuli from the brain. It is not possible to grow follicles that could reach ovulation - accordingly, the cycle is delayed. If ovulation occurs periodically, then the resulting corpus luteum does not work well. Because of what, menstruation either starts earlier or vice versa is delayed for a long time. Eventually, periods stop, and if there are no more than 6 months, you need to see a doctor. Based hormonal tests and ultrasound can suggest the onset of menopause.

Sometimes there are times when menstruation stops for a long time, and on analyzes and US the beginning of a menopause is supposed. This can be especially frightening for women at a young age. However, this may be only a temporary period, and menstruation may resume on its own, for example, after a good rest.

Thus, the myth that 28 days is the norm and everything that differs from this figure is a pathology has been debunked. The main thing in the menstrual cycle is its regularity, and the duration of the cycle can fluctuate over a wide range.

And yet, there is a simple rule, if you regularly pass preventive examination at the gynecologist (at least once a year), in case of any violations, do not postpone the “unpleasant” trip to the gynecologist - then you will almost never have serious gynecological problems.