How to calculate when you can get pregnant. When can you get pregnant after menstruation?

Chances are, use your menstrual cycle calendar. If you mark the date of the first day of your period every month, your cycle length will be easy to figure out. Count the number of days from one mark to another throughout the year. When your body works correctly without hormonal imbalances, then you get the same figure in each period. Divide this number in half and find out the day of ovulation. For example, if you calculate the ovulation date in a perfectly regular cycle, which is 28 days, you will get day 14.

After ovulation, the lifespan of the egg is about a day - at this time pregnancy occurs. However, there are times when one menstrual cycle two eggs are released from different ovaries or after withdrawal hormonal contraceptives several of them are released, so days probable pregnancy increase.

You can determine days favorable for pregnancy using special ovulation test strips. They determine an increase in the level of luteinizing hormone in the urine. Start using the strips daily immediately after your period, preferably at the same time. Two positive lines, and you will know exactly the day of ovulation - the period when there is maximum probability get pregnant.

Scientists have calculated how many days a year a woman can turn from normal to pregnant. It turns out that in fact, there are not so many days when a woman has a chance to conceive a child. Experts estimate that there are from 10 to 15 of them.

So on what days can you get pregnant? The answer to this question is both simple and complex. Simple, because we can answer with confidence: on those days when a woman has , that is, when an egg ready for fertilization is released from a matured and enlarged follicle on the ovary. It’s complicated because it’s not so easy to calculate this ovulation. Especially if a woman’s menstrual cycle is not stable or a representative of the fair half of humanity is undergoing treatment for any diseases. However, there can be many reasons affecting ovulation.

You can get pregnant during ovulation

You can calculate it using a graph. IN high school, suffering over the construction of graphs of functions, many lament about the impracticality and remoteness from real life this kind of information. And at that time, it could not even occur to anyone that in the future it would be possible to try to get pregnant using a chart that would record information about body temperature in order to “hunt” for ovulation.

You can build it if you do it every morning for at least six months (don’t mess around - that’s required condition!) measure body temperature in the rectum. The results must be recorded in a table or graph. As ovulation approaches, body temperature rises by 0.5 degrees, and on the day of ovulation, as a rule, by 1 degree. As soon as the temperature rises, you need to get down to business, because the chances of getting pregnant increase many times over. But here we need to make a reservation that this method “works” for women who have an established, constant menstrual cycle. Considering that during the ovulation period in some months, not one, but several eggs mature in the follicles, and this does not happen simultaneously, but over the course of 3-4 days, a woman can become pregnant not with the first, but with the second, or even third try. This means that as soon as the basal temperature begins to rise, you need to increase the number of sexual intercourses and continue for another 2-3 days after the temperature drops.

In addition, you can get pregnant by calculating ovulation using special tests. Such tests are analogues of those used to determine pregnancy. In the same way, if the answer is positive, two stripes will appear on the test. You need to take tests to determine ovulation every day. And at the same time.

As a rule, ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle. But it happens that it occurs both at the beginning and at the end of the cycle. This is due to various failures. First of all, hormonal. However, these failures may be caused by stressful situations, any diseases, climate change and so on. This leads to surprises happening when you don't expect them at all.

You can get pregnant a few days before your period or a few days after it ends.

Yes, that's not a typo. And on such days you can get pregnant. The chances of successful conception in such cases are determined by the individual characteristics of the woman’s body. This can also happen if the menstrual cycle is severely disrupted. In the case of a very long menstrual cycle, ovulation may occur several times. The last of them, as a rule, occurs precisely in the period before menstruation. This is especially true for those women who menstrual bleeding lasts about 7-10 days. Another category of women who more likely Those who very rarely have sex can become pregnant during this period. This happens because the human body, like an animal, is configured for procreation. If sexual intercourse is rare, the body “worries” that fulfillment main function becomes impossible and, in the case of any sexual intercourse, reacts with unscheduled ovulation. The same applies to cases if a woman has regular sexual intercourse, but always protected - using condoms or by preventing sperm from entering the genital tract through interrupted intercourse.

You can get pregnant during your period

This is possible in cases spontaneous ovulation. The percentage of such conceptions is very low, since the released menstrual blood in most cases prevents the retention of sperm or an already fertilized egg in the uterine cavity. Moreover, the process of implantation of a fertilized egg into the endometrium is quite problematic, because during menstruation it peels off and comes out along with menstrual blood. But still, medicine is familiar with cases where conception occurred precisely during menstruation. This can happen if a woman’s menstruation is long, and there are 2-5 days left before ovulation. Under such conditions, a sperm that enters the genital tract can quite possibly wait for an egg. Also, conception during menstruation is possible if a woman’s menstrual cycle is disrupted due to illness, stress, or heavy physical exertion.

The presence of ovulation does not always guarantee conception. This process is influenced various factors: quality of the endometrium (the inner layer of the uterus into which the fertilized egg is implanted), quality male sperm, general state women's health, periodic drinking of alcohol, wrong image life and so on. Therefore, in order for those who want to have a child to be lucky, they need to create the maximum possible favorable conditions.

Especially for Olga Rizak

Conceiving a baby is possible only during the period when a mature egg leaves the ovary and waits for its fusion with a sperm. Women who want to get pregnant look forward to “that very day,” while others, on the contrary, abstain from sexual intercourse at this time. But, if the day of expected conception is determined incorrectly or is missed, is pregnancy possible, and how long does the woman still have maximum fertility?

Fertilization – process of fusion of a mature egg with sperm, which results in the formation of a zygote that carries the genetic information of both parents.

Accordingly, conception occurs when there is a mature woman in the body, which develops in the ovarian follicle from 10 to 18 days.

After this period, it emerges from the cavity of the ruptured follicle, ready for fertilization. The process of releasing a mature egg is called ovulation.

For reference: The timing of follicle maturation is individual and depends on the duration of the menstrual cycle. In 80% of women from 28 daily cycle The release of the egg occurs on the 14th day.

Main features

How many days after ovulation can you get pregnant?

Probability successful conception determined by two factors: the presence of fertile, viable sperm in a man and a mature egg in a woman.

Because sperm remain viable for up to a week, conception is possible through sexual intercourse that occurred 7 days before the release of the finished egg, and within 2 days after it.

The most successful period for fertilization are the day of ovulation, the day before and after it. At this time, changes occur in the woman’s body that favor the passage of sperm into the body: the consistency of the cervical mucus decreases and the elasticity of the vaginal walls increases.

On what days of the cycle is it possible?

Lifespan of a mature egg lasts up to 24 hours Accordingly, the process of fertilization itself takes place within 24 hours. However, this does not mean that it should happen on this day.

Sperm fertility can last up to 5 days, and, according to some researchers, up to a week. Therefore, sexual intercourse even a week before expected ovulation may well result in conception.

Based on these data, a calendar method of contraception has been developed, through which it is possible to determine.

Important: the determination of fertile days is individual for each woman and depends on the duration of her menstrual cycle.

Rules for calculating fertile days:

Monitor the duration of three menstrual cycles.
From the number of days in long cycle subtract the number 11.
From the number of days in short cycle subtract the number 20.
The numbers in the range of the obtained values are the days on which conception is possible.

For example: The duration of the maximum menstrual cycle is 31 days, and the short one is 29. Thus, 29 – 20 = 9; 31 – 11 = 20. This means that from 9 to 20 days from the start of menstruation, unprotected sexual intercourse may well result in pregnancy.

Probability of fertilization in a day

If deadlines probable conception before ovulation last for a week and are explained by the viability of sperm, then after it, fertilization is possible for up to 2 days, which is how long a mature egg can live in a successful situation.

In addition, the first day after ovulation is when maximum fertility is determined.

IN female body at this time, favorable conditions are created for the penetration of sperm into the egg, thanks to which male reproductive cells reach their goal within 2 hours after entering the vagina.

A week later

Pregnancy a week after ovulation is impossible due to a number of physiological factors:

A mature egg lives no more than 2 days.
The maturation and release of an egg occurs only once in the menstrual cycle.
The process of fertilization is impossible without an egg.

Conception in a week after the woman's supposed ovulation can only be explained by a disruption of the menstrual cycle. That is, the release of the egg from the ovarian follicle occurred somewhat later.

Possible causes of delays in egg maturation:

Irregularity of the menstrual cycle.
Hormonal disbalance.
Drug therapy.
Stress factors.

Doesn't always give accurate results. An error of up to three days is allowed., which also gives reason to believe about possible conception a week after the egg matures.

How long is the likelihood?

Theoretically, fertilization can only occur with viable female gamete , which persists for 24 hours after leaving the follicle. But in fact, conception is quite likely a few days after the expected release of the egg.

This factor due to inaccuracy. All home methods, even when used together, may produce some error, on average up to 3 days. The exact date the release of the egg can be determined only by ultrasound.

How to conceive a child with maximum chances?

Accurate determination of the date of maximum fertility important for women planning pregnancy.

Having sexual intercourse on an “auspicious day” significantly increases the chances of conception.

Fertilization is possible if coitus occurs within 48 hours after the release of the egg.

Peculiarity: optimal frequency of sexual intercourse in fertile days should be every 2 days. With more frequent contacts, sperm viability decreases.

Don't despair I am in the absence of coitus on the day of ovulation. Conception is possible within another 2 days. However, on day 3 the probability of fertilization is practically zero.

When to take the test?

The test determines presence of pregnancy based on concentration in a woman’s urine. The hCG level begins to increase from the moment ovum into the uterus, which occurs on the 5th day after fertilization.

Around day 10 After conception, highly sensitive pregnancy tests begin to respond to increased hCG level in the body of a pregnant woman by the appearance of a second indicator strip.

Attention: It should be borne in mind that the probability of detecting pregnancy by tests is 90%. The possibility of error cannot be ruled out.

On the 14th day after fertilization, pregnancy is determined even by tests with average sensitivity.

How not to get pregnant?

If sexual intercourse lasts for 5 days, and the birth of a baby was not at all part of the woman’s plans, it is recommended to resort to measures emergency contraception. For this purpose, you should take medications:

Levonorgestrel.
Postinor.
Escapelle.

Data drugs suppress fertilization and prevent implantation of the zygote. They should be taken no later than 3 days after unwanted sexual intercourse.

To prevent the onset unwanted pregnancy partner needs refrain from unprotected sexual intercourse c, using contraceptive methods, for 4 - 5 days after expected ovulation.

Pregnancy due to unprotected sexual intercourse after ovulation is quite likely if coitus occurred within 2 days after the release of the egg. To avoid unwanted pregnancy, it is recommended to use contraceptive methods during fertile days.

For couples, those wishing to conceive a baby, “planning” should begin 5 days before the final maturation of the egg, maintaining a gap of 48 hours between sexual intercourse to preserve sperm fertility.

When can you get pregnant, or more precisely, on what days of the cycle? This question worries both girls who want to quickly become mothers and those who do not plan motherhood in the near future. When is conception most likely to occur?

Take, for example, a couple in which the partners are not infertile. As you know, a woman can conceive a child only in the middle of the menstrual cycle, during a period called “ovulation,” when an egg ready for fertilization awaits sperm. Ovulation occurs in all women different days, it depends on individual characteristics body, length of the menstrual cycle. And there are also “sterile” cycles, when the egg does not mature at all, the ovaries rest. And this does not mean that the woman is not healthy. Also, ovulation is absent during pregnancy, may not occur during the entire period of breastfeeding, in those girls who do not yet have menstruation, when taking hormonal contraceptives, some medicines etc. And so, healthy woman with a menstrual cycle length of about 28-30 days ( average duration) ovulation occurs on days 12-16. With a shorter cycle - earlier, with a longer one - later.

How to accurately calculate the days when you can get pregnant? This can be done in several ways:

using an ovulation test;
measurement method basal temperature;
according to subjective feelings;
according to the results of ultrasound examination.

Not all women have such sensitivity to be able to determine the days when you can’t get pregnant and when you can, not everyone has the time and money to go for an ultrasound and buy special tests, so the most popular method is measuring basal temperature. By regularly measuring the temperature in the rectum and plotting graphs, you can high accuracy predict “dangerous” and “safe” days.

Are there cases when conception occurs outside of ovulation and how soon, or more precisely, when can you get pregnant after menstruation? In fact, even sexual intercourse that takes place at the beginning of menstruation can give new life. To do this, only 2 conditions must be met: the period from one period to another must be short, and the sperm must be viable. Thus, ovulation can occur, for example, on the 10th day, on this day conception will occur, although intimate relationships were 3-4 days before. After ovulation, the egg remains viable for no more than 2 days. This means that if ovulation has definitely passed, then the period after it until the next period (approximately 2 weeks) is the safest for those who are not yet eager to have children. This is a kind of contraceptive method called “calendar”. However, it does not differ in accuracy. And the question “when can you get pregnant before or after your period” is not correct.

On which days you can’t get pregnant - a lot depends on the answer to this question. Therefore, we would not recommend placing too much trust in the methods for calculating these days, which we present below. But of course, it's up to you to decide.

Surely you know that you can’t conceive a child on any day, since you’ve already asked yourself the question of calculating “dangerous” days. Yes it is. During one menstrual cycle (which lasts on average 28 days), the chance of becoming pregnant is high for about 7 days in the middle of the cycle. And the remaining ones are the days when you cannot get pregnant. How to calculate “when it is possible and when it is not possible?”

The most popular method is to measure the temperature in the rectum. All you need is regular mercury or electronic thermometer(the first one will be more accurate, therefore it is preferable). Next, you need to measure your rectal temperature in the morning every day, at least for the first half of the cycle, and do not forget to write down all the measurement results.

On days when you cannot get pregnant, the temperature will be below 37 degrees. But this is not an axiom; there are exceptions. Until ovulation occurs, rectal temperature is at the specified level. However, sperm are very tenacious, and even when in the female genital tract, they can maintain their viability for several days. Therefore, sexual intercourse that occurred 5 days before ovulation may also be “effective”. Next comes ovulation - it is expressed by a rise in temperature values to 37 degrees and above. The egg remains viable for no more than 2 days, which means that the days when you cannot get pregnant come just after ovulation. That's why they say that the most safe days- these are the ones just before your period. However, there is also a nuance here - elevated temperature may be not only due to the maturation of the egg, but also due to illness, taking certain medications, after sexual intercourse, if in less than 6 hours the woman took vertical position(for example, got up at night to go to the toilet). Accordingly, ovulation did not occur on that recorded day, and the couple “relaxed” on the day when ovulation actually occurred. The result is pregnancy. It is quite difficult to use the basal temperature chart for women who have an irregular menstrual cycle.

Another way to determine ovulation without dangerous days, accordingly, are tests. Very reliable, but it turns out to be too unprofitable, since you will have to test for several days in a row, and this costs money. In general, for those who want to save on contraception using calendar method protection from unwanted pregnancy, this option is not suitable at all. Accordingly, ultrasound is an even more expensive method that also requires time.

Therefore, the only option left is to monitor your feelings. During the period of egg maturation, many expectant mothers experience a pulling in the lower abdomen; the pain may be stabbing or cramping, but not regular. There is abundant mucous discharge from the vagina. Accordingly, having found out on which days you can’t get pregnant, the calendar can be drawn up and different colors display “dangerous” and “safe” days there. By the way, there are quite good convenient programs that allow you to create a calendar. If your cycle is regular, then it makes sense to use them.

Let's draw conclusions.

1. The safest days are the beginning of menstruation, as well as the days just before the start of the next menstruation.

2. You cannot get pregnant during an anovulatory cycle, when ovulation does not occur.

3. You can’t get pregnant in the first 2 weeks after giving birth (who would even think of having sex these days?)

This is how you can calculate which days you can’t get pregnant and which days you can. As we already wrote at the beginning of this article, none of the described methods is 100% correct. It's better to choose an effective one contraceptive, there are more than enough varieties. Do you have rare sexual relations? Then oral contraceptives are unlikely to suit you. It would be wiser to use condoms or even spermicides - “chemical” contraception. With regular sexual relations and one healthy sexual partner, gynecologists recommend using intrauterine device, vaginal ring Ring or birth control pills. By the way, birth control pills, although not combined (containing only 1 hormone), can also be taken by nursing mothers. In general, there is always a choice. Do not risk your health, it is better to go for a consultation with a gynecologist.