Why do we stretch in the morning?...
The color of the eyes of each person is a unique characteristic, which is determined by the degree of pigmentation of the iris. As a rule, both eyes have the same color at their disposal, but there is an abnormal pigmentation, which is called "eye heterochromia".
Such an anomaly can be passed down from generation to generation and appear only over time. Heterochromia is not always a unique eye decoration; it can be a symptom of some pathological processes. In general, this is a rather rare anomaly, occurring in only one percent of the world's population. In most cases, one eye is blue and the other is brown.
What is another name for heterochromia in ophthalmology? Experts call different eye colors in people piebaldism. In women, the anomaly is more common, although there are no anatomical and physiological prerequisites for this. So why do people have different eye colors?
Why do people have different eyes?
Piebaldism develops as a result of a lack or, conversely, an excess amount of melanin in the iris. The more melanin, the darker the eye, and the less, the lighter, respectively.
One of the harmless causes of piebaldism (the so-called discordance) is a genetic predisposition
Other reasons can provoke the appearance of an anomaly:
- fuchs syndrome. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels in the eyes. The process causes blurred vision and deterioration of vision, up to complete loss;
- injury. Usually light eyes darken, acquiring a brown or green tint;
- neurofibromatosis;
- glaucoma;
- penetration of a foreign body;
- oncological processes: melanoma, neuroblastoma;
- hemorrhage;
- iris atrophy;
- siderosis - iron deposition occurs in the eyes;
- a side effect of certain medications, namely antiglaucoma drugs.
This is an acquired ophthalmic disorder, which is characterized by a unilateral lesion. Fuchs syndrome is characterized by a slow course of the inflammatory process in the iris. It is characterized by a change in periods of remission and relapse. Fuchs syndrome is more common in older people.
The disease proceeds slowly, and for a long time it is difficult to detect. An anomaly is usually discovered by chance, perceiving it as a birth defect. An important diagnostic symptom is the slow deterioration of vision in the affected eye and the appearance of floating opacities. The lens becomes cloudy over time, due to thinning, the iris becomes lighter. Perhaps even the development of secondary glaucoma. The affected eye becomes darker than the healthy one.
Fuchs syndrome causes noticeable nodules to appear on the iris. The appearance of spots may indicate the development of atrophic changes in the posterior pigment layer. As the pathological process progresses, the iris becomes faded and dull.
Fuchs syndrome threatens the development of glaucoma and cataracts
Fuchs syndrome does not cause pain, redness and swelling, which is why it goes unnoticed for a long time. The pathological process can be the result of a variety of reasons:
- inflammation inside the eyeball;
- neurodystrophy of the vessels of the eye;
- ocular toxoplasmosis.
Heterochromia can be corrected with colored lenses, and visual acuity with glasses. Conservative therapy includes the use of nootropic, angioprotective, vasodilators and vitamin complexes. Treatment should be aimed at activating trophic processes in the iris. Topical corticosteroids may also be given. In advanced stages, surgical intervention is used.
Prolonged stay in the eye of iron-containing objects can lead to the deposition of organic and inorganic salts. The iron fragment slowly dissolves and permeates the tissues of the eye. The first symptoms of sideriosis can be detected a few months after the introduction of the fragment. Treatment is to remove the foreign body.
Multi-colored eyes may be the result of siderosis
Neurofibromatosis
Signs of the pathological process appear in the first years of a child's life. Boys get sick much more often than girls. Neurofibromatosis may be accompanied by a deterioration in intelligence and the appearance of epileptic seizures. Patients develop spots on the skin of the color "coffee with milk".
Eye manifestations occur in twenty percent of cases and are sometimes the only manifestations of the pathological process. Symptoms largely depend on the location, size, and number of neurofibromatous nodes. In the conjunctiva of the eyelids, they look like cords; in the mucous membrane of the eyeball, neurofibromas look like individual beads.
Varieties
Depending on the causative factors, an anomaly in a person is of two types: acquired and congenital. If heterochromia is associated with damage to the iris, then it is divided into simple and complicated. Depending on the degree of staining of the iris:
- complete, when one eye is blue and the other is brown. In this case, the iris is colored evenly;
- sector, or partial. In this case, the iris has several shades. In the iris of one eye, areas painted in different colors are combined;
- central heterochromia. This means that the iris has several full color rings. This is the most common form in which pigmentation is impaired in the area around the pupil.
People with different eye colors continue to see and perceive colors absolutely normally.
Diagnosis and treatment of people with different eyes
Regardless of the patient's assumptions regarding the nature of the occurrence of heterochromia, the first stage of the treatment process is an appeal to a certified ophthalmologist. An anomaly can be a symptom of serious pathological processes that require early diagnosis and timely treatment. To identify pathological changes in the tissues of the eye, a laboratory and specialized examination is carried out.
If the ophthalmologist finds that the patient's eyes are of different colors, but the vision does not deteriorate and there are no other clinical symptoms, then treatment may not be prescribed at all.
If the eyes have become a different color due to ophthalmic diseases or a violation of the integrity of the iris, then treatment includes the use of steroid drugs. In some cases, the vitreous will need to be removed. Anti-inflammatory, miotic and antibacterial drugs can be prescribed as adjuvant therapy.
Have you met people with different eye colors? Sometimes this can be a hereditary feature of the patient, but in some cases this anomaly is associated with serious diseases that require the timely intervention of specialists. Do not self-medicate, contact a specialist and follow his recommendations.
ICD-10 ICD-9 OMIM Not to be confused with Heterochromatin. Not to be confused with Heterochronia. Heterochromia(from Greek ἕτερος - “different”, “different”, χρῶμα - color) - a different color of the iris of the right and left eyes or an uneven color of different parts of the iris of one eye. It is the result of a relative excess or deficiency of melanin (pigment). Heterochromia also refers to a different color of the skin or hairline.
Eye color, that is, the color of the irises, is determined primarily by the concentration and distribution of melanin. An eye affected by heterochromia may be hyperpigmented or hypopigmented.
In newborn children, the color of the eyes is often brighter than usual. The eye almost always fades with age. But sometimes it can retain color depth. This is a rare occurrence, but more common in complete heterochromia, although the chances of this phenomenon are still small.
Classification and causes
Heterochromia is classified primarily as either genetic or acquired. Although a distinction is often made between heterochromia of the eye: complete(Greek heterochromia iridis) and partial. At complete heterochromia the color of one iris is different from the color of the other. At partial heterochromia or sectoral heterochromia the color of one part of the iris is different from the color of the rest.
congenital heterochromia
It is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
- Simple heterochromia is a phenomenon characterized by the absence of other eye or systemic problems. Abnormally light eyes are usually considered as iris hypoplasia. It can manifest itself either completely or partially.
- Waardenburg syndrome
- Horner's syndrome
- Piebaldism - the presence on the skin of the limbs, face, and some other parts of the body of congenital white, completely devoid of melanocytes, spots; inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is caused by various mutations
- Hirschsprung disease
- Bloch-Sulzberger Syndrome
- Parry-Romberg disease (Romberg syndrome)
Acquired heterochromia
Acquired, usually due to injury, inflammation, tumors, or the use of certain eye drops.
Abnormal darkening of the iris
- Corneal iron deposits Siderosis(deposition of iron in the tissues of the eye) and Hemosiderosis
- Certain eye drops that are used topically to lower intraocular pressure in people with glaucoma. Occurs due to stimulation of melanin synthesis in the iris
- Tumor
- iridocorneal endothelial syndrome
Abnormal illumination of the iris
- Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis - as a result of intraocular inflammation, atrophy of the iris occurs and heterochromia characteristic of this condition occurs
- Horner's syndrome - usually acquired due to neuroblastoma, but can also be congenital
- Melanoma can also cause iris lightening
In addition, heterochromia can be caused by Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome, mosaicism, uveitis, juvenile xanthogranuloma, leukemia, and lymphoma.
Heterochromia in animals
Complete heterochromia
Odd-eyed black cat Heterochromia is more common in animals than in humans. It usually results in a blue color in one eye.
Eyes of different colors can be found in completely white cats or in cats with a large percentage of white in color, especially in breeds such as the Van cat and Turkish Angora. Cats with eyes of different colors are called odd-eyed. Odd-eyed cats have one eye that is orange, yellow, or green, and the other eye is blue.
According to legend, the favorite cat of the Prophet Muhammad - Muizza had eyes of different colors.
In domestic dogs, heterochromia is common in the Siberian Husky breed.
Horses with complete heterochromia usually have one brown eye and a second white, gray, or blue eye. Complete heterochromia is most common in pinto horses. It is also found among cows and Asian buffaloes.
Sectoral heterochromia
Sectoral heterochromia is common in Australian Shepherds, Huskies, and Border Collies.
Notable cases of heterochromia
Heterochromia is present in Kate Bosworth, Tim McIlroth, Mila Kunis, Alice Eve.
Among the literary examples of heterochromia are the books “Mages can do everything” (all magicians with innate abilities have eyes of different colors), “Four tankers and a dog” (in the book, tank commander Vasily Semyonov has different eyes), “White Guard” (Lieutenant Viktor Myshlaevsky) and The Master and Margarita (Woland) by Mikhail Bulgakov. In the literary series Ethnogenesis, heterochromia is used as an indicator that the heroes are wearing one or another magical artifact.
Many heroes of computer games, cartoons and anime have heterochromia.
Gallery
different eye color
The color of the eyes depends on the blood filling of the vessels of the iris and the amount of pigment contained in it. This thin diaphragm with a pupil is located in front of the lens and behind the cornea. The color of the pigment may indicate any disease in the body. For example, in diseases of the liver, the iris becomes yellow or brown. The natural color of pigments depends on genes and race. It can also be a characteristic feature of any nationality. There are only three pigment colors. It is brown, blue and yellow. The mixing of these pigments in the blood vessels determines the color of the eyes. For example, mixing blue and yellow gives a green color scheme.
different eye color
Sometimes there is an excess or deficiency of melanin in the iris. Then a phenomenon called heterochromia is possible, the manifestation of which is a different eye color. This condition occurs in both humans and animals. Most often, the color of one eye is brown, and the other is blue. But still, each person has his own, unique form of heterochromia. Such people look mysterious and unusual, standing out from the crowd.
Heterochromia happens:
1. Complete, when the colors of the irises of the eyes are different.
2. Partial, in which one pupil combines two colors.
Different color eyes in cats are no longer surprising. This phenomenon is familiar to us. Eyes of different colors in humans are much less common. Heterochromia can be congenital, resulting from an excess or lack of melanin. But there is also an acquired condition as a result of trauma, in people with tumors or glaucoma.
From a psychological point of view, people with different eye colors are considered extraordinary, unpredictable and fearless. However, they have egocentrism in a pronounced form. Requiring great attention to their personality, they like to be alone with themselves. As a result, they have a very narrow circle of close people.
Women with different eye colors always strive for perfection. They love to enjoy their appearance, considering it ideal. Possessing a delicate taste, they are fond of poetry, music, dancing and are great optimists.
People with different eye colors lead a measured lifestyle. Bright events are quite rare. But this is not disappointing. Thanks to their inexhaustible imagination and remarkable organizational skills, they can always arrange a holiday for themselves.
Women with different eye colors are always looking for their unique and unique. And only with him will they be wise and wonderful housewives, creating such comfort and coziness in the house that her husband can only be envied. But at the same time, these women will never forget to carefully monitor their appearance.
In such ladies, nature has an addiction to alcohol. But by virtue of their wisdom, they will easily defeat this craving. But if they try to smoke, they are unlikely to be able to quit.
When dealing with people with different eye colors, do not forget that they are very capricious and stubborn. It is unlikely that you will be able to emerge victorious in a dispute with them. They can even be rude in their desire to prove their case.
In dealing with such people, it is necessary to choose words carefully. They forgive quickly, but the resentment persists for a long time.
Heterochromia should not be taken as a disease or mutation. Different eye color does not affect health in any way. A person with heterochromia perceives the colors of the world around him absolutely normally and sees like an ordinary person.
Interesting and understandable: a person with different eye colors
First of all, it should be noted that such a phenomenon occurs in the animal world an order of magnitude more often than in the human world. For example, among cats of the Persian breed, a different eye color is considered a very common feature (usually one is bright orange, and the other is blue, which looks very unusual). A person with different eye colors can rightly be proud of his peculiarity, because according to research, the nature of such individuals is unpredictable and 
impulsiveness. Often such people are fearless, like to surprise, impress. Among the shortcomings, a hypertrophied Ego can be noted: “Odd-eyed” are often fixated on themselves. They simply cannot live if others do not pay enough attention to their person. If your new acquaintance is a person with different eye colors, you can be sure that he loves loneliness and prefers to spend his free time in a narrow circle of close friends. Perhaps from the outside he looks stubborn and capricious, but as soon as you get to know him better, then make sure that this is not at all the case.
Women with different colored eyes
According to statistical studies, girls with eyes of different colors tend to be overweight. However, this does not prevent them from treating themselves with reverence: "odd-eyed" people love themselves and are determined to get the most out of life. They love holidays and entertainment and will never miss the opportunity to "shine". Another positive quality they have is patience. A woman with multi-colored eyes, most likely, will not complain about life for a long and tedious time; she would rather do anything to resolve an unpleasant situation. Most of them are creative people. Everything they put their hand to bears fruit. They sing, dance, draw, sew, knit - in all such areas, "odd-eyed" will succeed.
Marriage
A person with different eye colors is likely to be fickle in love. However, this only lasts until he meets his other half. Once this happens, your acquaintance will change so drastically that it will be difficult to recognize him. From now on, he will live only for the sake of his beloved being and will do everything to surround him with care and attention, to make his life as comfortable as possible.
Relationship with parents
If a child has eyes of different colors, you can rejoice: according to statistics, people with different colored eyes treat their parents very warmly, never conflict with them, and enjoy spending time with their families. They are touchy, but forgive easily and never harbor a grudge.
Causes of the phenomenon
Probably, every person with a different eye color wants to know about the reasons for his “feature”. By and large, there are two of them: the phenomenon can be congenital (and explained by genetics) and acquired (this indicates changes taking place in the body, most often unhealthy).
heterochrony
Any ophthalmologist will answer the question about the name of a different eye color: heterochrony. In most cases, it is caused by an excess or lack of melanin and accompanies diseases such as glaucoma or even a benign tumor. In addition, a change in eye pigmentation may be a reaction to medications.
Why do people have two different colored eyes?
I have seen people who have one eye green and the other yellow green, etc. why does this happen??
Leka
Heterochromia of the iris (heterochromia; hetero- + Greek chroma color, color; syn. heterophthalmos) - a different color of the iris of the right and left eyes or an uneven color of different parts of the iris of one eye.
People with eyes of different colors are called mosaics.
The different color is explained by the mutation of the embryo after fertilization of the egg. That is, a mutation in the blastula even before the formation of the endoderm. The earlier the mutation occurs, the brighter it manifests itself in appearance.
The owner of eyes of different colors has nothing to be afraid of - this does not mean any disease. It's just a game of nature. In some people and animals, although this phenomenon is quite rare, there are eyes of different colors. Despite the apparent asymmetry of the face caused by different eye colors, such animals and people may have features that distinguish them from other individuals, but with eyes of the same color.
It has recently been noticed that humans and animals with this multi-colored iris combination have some kind of "magical power" to attract the opposite sex of their species to them. For example, "odd-eyed" cats very easily achieve the attention of the person they are interested in. As for people, many who are familiar with odd-eyed people noted that they have some kind of "zest" and charm.
So, those who were born with multi-colored eyes should not despair, but use their natural external charm for their own purposes in order to achieve success in business and in their personal lives.
Here's a concrete example - David Bowie.
What if a person has different eyes?
*Kisunya*
"Heterochromia of the iris (heterochromia; hetero- + Greek chroma color, color; syn. heterophthalmos) - a different color of the iris of the right and left eyes or an uneven color of different parts of the iris of one eye. People whose eyes are of different colors are called mosaics.
It is the result of a relative excess or deficiency of melanin (pigment). Partial or sectoral heterochromia is less common than complete heterochromia, less than 4:1,000,000.
The different color is explained by the mutation of the embryo after fertilization of the egg. That is, a mutation in the blastula even before the formation of the endoderm. The earlier the mutation occurs, the brighter it manifests itself in appearance. The owner of eyes of different colors has nothing to be afraid of - this does not mean any disease. It's just a game of nature. In some people and animals, although this phenomenon is quite rare, there are eyes of different colors. Despite the apparent asymmetry of the face caused by different eye colors, such animals and people may have features that distinguish them from other individuals, but with eyes of the same color. For example, it has been noticed that "odd-eyed" cats very easily achieve the attention of the person they are interested in. As for people, many who are familiar with odd-eyed people noted that they have some kind of “zest” and charm.
The color of the iris depends on the amount of pigment and the blood supply to its vessels. Pigments can indicate a disease, for example, a yellow or brown pigment appears with liver disease. The color of natural pigments depends on genes, nationality, race.
The color of the iris is determined by mixing colors in vessels and mixing colors of pigments, for example, green is a mixture of yellow and blue. Yellow eyes do not exist, but if the blood vessels of the iris are pale, then a yellow-green color may result. With a high concentration of melanin, the iris becomes black, gray is a kind of blue.
There are two types of heterochromia: complete and partial. Complete heterochromia occurs when the color of the iris is completely different from the color of the "iris" of the other eye. Partial heterochromia is very rare, in about 4 out of 1 million people, then one part of the "iris" is different from the rest of it, i.e. one eye combines two colors.
Heterochromia occurs after the cell; it in no way affects. People with this phenomenon see everything around and perceive it, like everyone else. Most often it occurs in the fairer sex than. There have been cases that heterochromia has become acquired due to illness or injury (Waardenburg syndrome or Hirschsprung disease).
People with heterochromia acquire a certain zest, among them there are many famous and popular singers: Kate Bosworth (sectoral heterochromia), David Bowie (pseudoheterochromia due to injury), Christopher Walken, etc.
Sources:
- why are the eyes different colors
- Different eyes in a person
People with eyes of different colors attract attention with their unusual appearance. In the Middle Ages, during the time of superstition, a different eye color was considered a sign of a witch and witchcraft abilities. However, the reason for this phenomenon is much simpler.
Sometimes you can meet people whose eyes differ in each other. This phenomenon is called and is very rare. Congenital is the result of a mutation that occurs after fertilization of the egg. In this case, it does not affect human health in any way. His vision and color perception are normal.
It happens that the owner of "multi-colored" eyes is embarrassed because of his peculiarity. In this case, he can use lenses to make the eyes look the same. However, it is not recommended to constantly wear colored lenses, unlike ordinary ones.
Complete and partial heterochromia
The word "heterochromia" comes from two Greek words that translate as "other" and "color". It can be genetic and acquired, complete and partial. Complete heterochromia is characterized by a complete difference in the colors of the iris of the eyes. The most common case is when one eye is blue, and the second is any other.
Less common is partial, sectoral heterochromia, when different parts of the iris have a different color. For example, the iris is blue or with brown patches. Partial have no more than four people out of a million. There is also central heterochromia - when the area around the pupil has one color, and the iris has another.
Acquired and genetically determined heterochromia
Genetically determined heterochromia is usually inherited in a dominant manner. When heterochromia is genetically transmitted, it usually does not appear until a month after birth, and initially the eyes are the same color.
Injuries, tumors, inflammation, certain eye drops can be the cause of the acquired. If the change in eye color was the result of an illness, then after treatment, the previous color usually does not return.
If a person suddenly began to change the color of one or both eyes, it makes sense to go to an ophthalmologist for an examination. The fact is that a different eye color can indicate health problems. Darkening can occur with its chronic inflammation, melanoma, siderosis, hemosiderosis; and clarification - with Duane's syndrome, acquired Horner's syndrome, lymphoma, leukemia, Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis. Partial heterochromia can sometimes be the result of hereditary diseases such as Waardenburg's syndrome or Hirschsprung's disease.
