Allergic vasculitis ICD code 10. Systemic vasculitis

All children develop according to their own individual schedule, and a 1-year-old child’s daily routine may differ from the routine of other babies. Some babies at this age confidently stomp, others only crawl and have not yet taken their first steps. The same applies to the nervous system of children: for some it is weak, for some it allows them to stay awake perfectly, interrupting only once to sleep during the day.

The daily routine - the sequence of actions you have established - is the key to the developed habit. It is important that the baby knows that you care about his health and that he cannot do without food, sleep, and hygiene measures.

Many Russian pediatricians claim that a child needs to eat every 3 hours, but experienced mothers They know that a baby’s appetite plays a big role in his life.

Introduce a rule in the family: “No snacking!” so as not to complain about the lack of appetite in children. If a baby chews something, then a signal is sent to his brain about eating, so then he will have no appetite, and during lunch or dinner the child will simply turn away from the plate.

Baby's sleep at 1 year old

How long should a baby sleep?

The sleep norm for a 1 year old baby is 12-13 hours a day, night sleep takes 10-11 hours of them, 2-3 hours for sleep during the day. If the mode differs by +/- 1 hour in any direction, this is a variant of the norm. If the baby is cheerful, calm, cheerful, knows how to concentrate on his own actions, has an excellent appetite, goes to bed easily, wakes up with a smile, there is no reason to worry.

But if a child sleeps 16-17 hours a day, this should alert you; you need to pay attention to other symptoms and inform the pediatrician about it.

Daytime nap - once or twice?

The daily routine of the “one-year-old” can be one of two options.

2-phase sleep during the day, which consists of 2 periods of 1.5 hours each. Babies who prefer this sleep pattern can be alert for about 4 hours. In the evening they should be put to bed at approximately 22.00. 2 long walks and meals 5 times a day fit perfectly into the daily routine.
1 long nap. This usually requires a serious restructuring of the daily routine. Babies who are satisfied with 1 dream can be classified as "owls": they wake up no earlier than 7-8 in the morning. Their daytime sleep lasts at least 2-3 hours, begins at about 13.00, and ends no earlier than 15.30-16.00. In this case, the baby can be seated at the table only 4 times. This regimen for a 1-year-old child is as close as possible to the conditions of children attending preschool, therefore, adaptation during the first visits to the nursery will certainly pass without difficulties. In addition, the parents of the baby, who goes to bed at 21.00, have a little more free time (provided that they are also “night owls”).

Main operating points

Getting up, washing and morning exercises

Your baby's morning should begin with washing and rinsing. Children usually experience great pleasure from playing in water; you can use this moment in the formation useful skill, allowing the child to wash himself. Before this, each time demonstrate to him how to properly wash his face, hands, use soap and a towel.

Teach your child to wash their hands before eating and after walking, as well as to undergo hardening water procedures in the morning.

Gymnastics for a one-year-old child is as important as hygiene measures. It may include the following exercises:

crawling on all fours;
walking with support, support and independent movement;
walking along a narrow path;
squatting with and without support;
getting a toy from a small height;
climbing onto a bed, armchair, sofa, chair, getting off these pieces of furniture;
crawling through hoops and under obstacles;
bending with fixed knees;
raising the legs from a lying position to an angle of 90°;
"bike";
rising from a lying position to a sitting position;
raising your arms one by one, moving your arms like in boxing;
throwing the ball with 2 hands;
walking in place with knees high

The baby's eating schedule depends on how many times he sleeps during the day, what the child's daily routine is at 1 year old.

With a 2-phase sleep pattern, you can feed the baby 5 times, with one nap during the day - 4 times. If the baby is breastfeeding, breast milk is perfect for the first breakfast and feeding before going to bed at night (if artificial feeding it will be replaced by formula milk).

For second breakfast, lunch and dinner, the baby will receive food from the common table - cereals, salads, soups, dairy products, boiled and stewed vegetables, fruits, berries, meat and fish dishes. At this age, food should not be ground. Meat and fish can be finely chopped to develop the chewing reflex and form the correct bite.

If your baby doesn’t like a product, you shouldn’t exclude it; mix it into dishes little by little so that the baby gets used to its taste and is not deprived of nutrients.

The list of foods that are prohibited for a baby: everything hot, spicy and fried, citrus fruits, nuts, smoked meats, canned food, sausage, mushrooms and confectionery. Instead of store-bought sweets, you can treat your child to fruits and berries.

Try to develop your child's neatness skills while eating, teach them to use napkins, a handkerchief, rinse their mouth after eating, and brush their teeth in the morning and evening.

The mother chooses the optimal time for walks, watching the baby and pursuing the goals she sets for the time she leaves the house. For example, if you want an active pastime with maximum impressions for your baby (which may include riding on a swing, communicating with peers, feeding pigeons in the park), it is better to go outside at maximum activity child - after breakfast or nap.

Seasonality must also be taken into account. IN winter time, in late autumn and early spring, when it gets dark early, a walk in the afternoon is worse than going outside in the morning - walks at dusk are interesting for teenagers, not kids. On hot days, it is better to go outside before 11.00 and after 16.00, when the sun is not at its zenith. It is important that the walk is filled with interesting things, no matter how long it lasts.

If the mother has to cope with some things during a walk (for example, go to the store), and the baby does not like such activities (this is understandable, he wants to play and learn something new), the task becomes more complicated. In this case, try to adjust the joint schedule so that you can go outside while the child sleeps at this time.

The duration of the baby's walk largely depends on the weather. In late spring, summer and early autumn, walks can last a long time - up to 2 hours. It is better if the child walks 2 times a day, at the same time.

In late autumn, winter and early spring, the duration of a one-year-old child's walk should not be more than 60 minutes. If you walk less, you should go outside 2 times a day.

Games

All babies love to learn something new: to build and destroy what they have created, to pick it up from the floor and throw it out of the crib. Plastic or soft cubes are ideal for this purpose. It is also good to play with a sorter and a construction set with large parts at one year of age.

You can help your child learn images, colors, and build houses. Collect puzzles with elements large sizes, learn to glue appliques. Games like this bring people together very much.

Games with pyramids will also come in handy: when purchasing, choose options with large rings so that it is convenient for the child to pick them up and string them onto a rod.

Using dolls you can show your baby where the ears, eyes, nose, hair, arms and legs are. Then you can ask: “Where are Nadya’s ears?” and ask them to show you. Imitating the actions of parents, brothers and sisters, the baby will begin to take care of the doll - dressing, feeding and watering, putting it to bed, taking care of it, putting it on the potty.

Books are very important at this age. Even if the baby cannot understand what it is about, he hears a familiar voice, recognizes some words, and studies pictures with you. Ask your child questions, show what is shown in the pictures, making your stories and questions more complex every month.

Fairy tales in verse are of particular interest in a child’s life: the poetic rhythm is better perceived, and it is these that he will repeat when he begins to speak.

Finger games, the purpose of which is to develop fine motor skills and speech, may turn out to be good method learning.

Many people like to play with dishes; such activities can be diversified using available materials: cereals, beans, pasta different shapes, liquids in plastic bottles. A child can pour water from one bowl into another, catch objects in the water, sort through cereals and thus learn to control his own body.

At this age, you can conduct classes with plasticine under the supervision of adults so that the child learns to sculpt sausages and koloboks. Care must be taken to ensure that the plasticine does not get into the child’s mouth. You can make or buy finger paints: your baby will have a lot of emotions from painting with his palms and fingers.

Developmental activities

Children at this age think in images and do not operate with abstract concepts, so games need to involve many objects or images. Cubes, dolls, balls, bright books, Stuffed Toys They will be wonderful props for educational activities.

The yearling's desire to create manifests itself, but he does not always get what he has in mind, and then interest in the matter is lost. Help your child, guide your fingers, tell him what you are doing and why, so that interest in creativity matures gradually.

At this age, it is important to arrange games for speech development. You can skip words in his favorite fairy tale or song, repeat sounds (“How does a plane fly?”, “How does a cat purr?”, “How does a dog bark?”, “How does a bee buzz?”). Show objects and ask your baby to name them.

Regular skin care is important for your baby, as his skin is very delicate and susceptible to damage. Parents, making small mistakes in caring for their child, cause him concern. For example, the child was dressed too warmly, which led to prickly heat, or he was washed at the wrong time, causing diaper rash, itching, and burning.

The baby should be bathed at least 2 times a week before bedtime. After 1 year, this can be done in a large bathtub, and after 2 years, it is worth teaching him to take a shower. If you don't bathe your baby before bed one day, be sure to wash him and wash his feet.

Nails should be cut short as needed using small curved scissors. When washing your baby's head, make sure that the shampoo does not get into the baby's eyes.

Falling asleep

It is advisable that by the age of one year the child learns to fall asleep without motion sickness or a pacifier. It will be easier for you, but not for him. Although, of course, such advice is extremely difficult to implement.

1 year old child's daily routine by the hour

Option 1 (2 naps)

Option 2 (1 nap)

Time	Class
7.00	The baby wakes up. Hygiene procedures, gymnastics, changing clothes.
8.00	First breakfast.
8.30	Games, dressing up.
9.00	Walk
11.00	Dressing up, playing at home
12.00	Lunch, bedtime.
13.00	Dream.
16.00	Afternoon snack
16.30	Walk, games.
19.30	Dinner.
20.30	Bath, massage, quiet games, reading books.
21.30	Kefir before bed, bedtime, bedtime.

Conclusion

A child's regimen at 1 year is necessary for normal development crumbs, the stability of his nervous system. Parents who believe that their baby does not need a clear routine risk ending up with a child who cannot be educated. Without sufficient quantity When sleeping, the baby is constantly excited, this interferes with his adequate perception of the world around him, communication with loved ones and peers, study and development. When choosing a regimen, you should take into account the needs and desires of your baby.

What is your opinion about the regime of a one-year-old child - is it necessary? We'll be glad feedback in the comments to this article.

Hello, I'm Nadezhda Plotnikova. Having successfully completed her studies at SUSU as a specialized psychologist, she devoted several years to working with children with developmental problems and consulting parents on issues of raising children. I use the experience gained, among other things, in creating articles of a psychological nature. Of course, I in no way claim to be the ultimate truth, but I hope that my articles will help dear readers deal with any difficulties.

Before a child reaches 1 year of age, it is difficult to talk about any orderly daily routine, because sleep, wakefulness and eating at this time, as a rule, depend on the baby’s own biorhythms. However, closer to the date of the first name day, it is important to accustom the baby to organization and a clear routine, because this simplifies both his life and the life of the young mother: the baby clearly knows what follows and calms down when necessary, and the mother can plan your day, based on your baby’s daily routine. We will look further at what a child’s schedule should look like at 1 year old and how to set it.

An orderly daily routine undoubtedly has many advantages, for example:

It gives the baby confidence. The baby knows what he will follow, and therefore feels more confident and comfortable.
Improves sleep. If a child is used to falling asleep after a lunch meal or reading a fairy tale, then he will automatically begin to prepare himself for sleep after this “ritual” that is familiar to him.
Will reduce the number of whims and hysterics. So, for example, if a child knows that a meal will take place only after returning home from a walk, he will not be capricious because he is hungry during it.
Makes mom's life easier. The mother clearly knows when the child is scheduled to eat, walk or sleep, and therefore it is easier for her to make her plans based on this.

How to set a daily routine

Establishing a daily routine for a 1-year-old child is much easier than, say, for a 6-month-old baby (read more about —child development at 6 months—). By this time, you and he have already developed an approximate sequence of actions during the day. Therefore, you just need to slightly organize your schedule, clearly repeating this sequence day after day and adjusting it to a certain time.

So, if your child wakes up every day at 8 am, then serve him breakfast at 8:30, and take him for a walk at 10:00, and so on day after day, adjusting the schedule only in exceptional cases, for example, when going on a visit or in hospital. It is important not to impose a daily routine convenient for you on your baby, but to find optimal mode, based on the moods and needs of your baby.

Daily routine at 1 year: feeding

A one-year-old child's meals should occur at intervals of 3 to 4 hours. In this case, the number of meals depends on whether the baby sleeps once or twice a day. As a rule, the optimal number of meals for a 1-year-old child is 4 times. However, if the baby still sleeps twice a day, then the number of his meals can be 5 times. If the mother is still breastfeeding the baby after he reaches 1 year, then the number of such feedings should be reduced to a minimum, and the baby should be offered the breast only in the morning after waking up and before going to bed at night.

Diet one year old child is already becoming quite varied, however, it still must exclude: sausages, chocolate, store-bought sauces, mushrooms, canned food, smoked meats, fried foods, etc.

Dream

The duration of sleep for babies at this age is about 14 hours: about 11 hours are at night, and 3 hours are during the day. Also, at 1 year of age, there are 2 options for a baby’s daytime sleep schedule: twice a day and one time. If you want to build an orderly daily routine for the crumbs, then you need to make sure that the child falls asleep and wakes up at the same time every day (with a small error of 15 to 20 minutes).

Wakefulness

As a rule, the time of continuous wakefulness of a 1-year-old baby is about 4 hours. Some babies of this age are able to be active and go a little longer without sleep (especially after a daytime nap and before a nighttime sleep), while others get tired after 3 hours of activity. The baby should spend this period of time as usefully as possible. The activity period should include:

developing activities and games (games with a pyramid, cubes, sorters, lacing, color books, etc.);
physical activity (playing with a ball, “exercises”, climbing with obstacles, walking on different surfaces etc.);
walks;
meals;
water procedures.

walks

Walks are an integral part of the daily routine of babies of any age. They should be daily and as long as possible (if the weather is good). Ideally, a 1 year old child should go for walks 2 times a day. Wherein average duration One walk should be 1.5 – 2 hours.

Hygiene procedures

Already from this age, it is very important to accustom the baby to standard rules hygiene. For example, a child should definitely know that after a walk they need to wash their hands, and before going to bed, brush their teeth. Before bedtime one year old baby It is necessary to bathe thoroughly, paying attention Special attention genital area and folds (neck, inguinal folds, armpits) to avoid the appearance. The comfortable water temperature for bathing 1-year-old babies is 34 degrees, for seasoned children – 29 degrees (read more about the water temperature for bathing a baby).

Violations of the daily routine at 1 year

Failure to comply with the daily routine is primarily fraught with:

frequent moodiness and irritability;
mood swings;
rapid fatigue;
lack of sleep;
poor appetite;
insufficient absorption new information etc.

First of all, when the daily routine is disrupted, the baby’s sleep suffers, and, as you know, for such small child has incredible important, because it is during sleep that a special hormone is produced that is responsible for the growth of the baby. The body of a baby who refuses to sleep during the day or goes to bed too late and sleeps until lunch noticeably weakens over time, which increases the likelihood of developing various diseases.

In native mode

1 year is not the age when you can let the baby’s daily routine take its course and give the baby the opportunity to build it himself, based on his biorhythms. Remember that the baby’s trip to preschool is just around the corner, for which he should be as prepared as possible. In order for your baby to get better sleep, spend as much active time as possible during his waking hours so that the child gets tired, but avoid excessive activity immediately before bedtime, do not give him heavy food at night (meat, fruits, etc.), each time follow certain bedtime rituals.

Video about an approximate daily routine for a 1 year old child

In this video, a young mother talks in detail and clearly about the daily routine of her one-year-old child.

How are things going with your kids’ daily routine? Is it possible to establish it and stick to it all the time? Share your experience and leave comments on this matter.

Proper organization of the daily routine - important factor affecting the child's health. For a young child, routine is the basis of education. During the first three years of life, the performance of the child's nervous system is constantly changing, so it is advisable to change the regimen in various age periods. During the age period from one to three years, the daily routine changes three times.

It should be remembered that any information on the organization of the daily routine is advisory in nature, some there are no strict norms and standards.

The regimen is optimal if the time of feeding, going to bed and toileting coincide with the child's current needs.

Due to drastic changes in daily mode difficult for children to tolerate, transferring a child to another age regime should be gradual and not cause negative emotions. The correctness of such a translation will be evidenced by good mood baby and even behavior.

When establishing a daily routine, in addition to age, it is necessary to take into account individual characteristics baby and his state of health.

A child's observance of a certain routine teaches him to be organized and makes life easier for him and his parents. A child who follows the regime will have much better health in the future. It is easier to adapt to the conditions of kindergarten.

Violations in the baby’s health that may occur if the regimen is not followed:

the child becomes whiny, capricious, irritable
frequent deterioration in mood, which is associated with overwork, lack of sleep
there is no normal development of neuropsychic activity
difficulty in developing cultural and hygienic skills and neatness.

Daily routine for a child from one year to one year and six months (1.5 years)

In the second year of life, significant changes occur in the baby's development. In the first half of the year, children are still physically quite weak and get tired quickly. High physical activity combined with insufficient coordination of movements. A child at this age walks, squats and bends independently. Able to fulfill simple requests from an adult, correctly names 4-6 objects when shown to him. Begins to actively use lightweight words, while lexicon is expanding rapidly. He begins to use a spoon independently, but does not do it skillfully yet.

Dream

The child sleeps twice during the day: the first nap is 2-2.5 hours, the second is 1.5-2 hours. Preparing the child (stopping noisy games, washing) for bed occurs in advance, at least half an hour before he is put to bed. You should go to bed during the day and at night at the same hour - children develop conditioned reflex for a while and in the following days, the child wakes up on his own and falls asleep at the time established by the regime. When accustoming a child to a routine, you need to wake him up; if he does not wake up at the appointed time, a deviation from the exact time of 15-20 minutes is allowed. In the future, when the routine has already been established, it is undesirable to wake the child, as this worsens his mood; the baby should be raised after sleep as he wakes up, and taught to dress by showing and naming items of clothing.

In the summer, it is recommended that the child take naps during the day fresh air- on the street or on the veranda, in as a last resort, in a room with an open window. From May to August, the child can be put to bed a little later at night, thus prolonging daytime sleep.

Feeding

Feeding should be four times a day (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner), at intervals of 3-4 hours. The regime is structured in such a way that the child stays awake after feeding and then sleeps until next feeding. Such observance of the rules of alternation of processes ensures the optimal state of the child in each age period. After the child has slept and eaten with appetite, he remains calmly and actively awake until next dream and better perceives the influences of the surrounding world.

At this age, the child should be taught to use a spoon independently. First he learns to eat thick food with a spoon, then liquid food. The child eats the first two or three spoons on his own, then the adult feeds him with another spoon, without removing the spoon from the child’s hands. At the end of feeding, the baby eats another two or three spoons.

Wakefulness

The duration of periods of wakefulness at this age should not exceed 4 - 4.5 hours. Lengthening the time of wakefulness or shortening of sleep is undesirable, it can lead to overwork of the nervous system and a violation of the child's behavior.

The period of wakefulness mainly includes games, walks, water procedures. The game mainly uses toys that can be pulled (cars, strollers), cubes, various nested boxes, books with simple bright pictures, figures of animals, pyramids.

It is very important to organize walks in the fresh air twice a day (after lunch and afternoon snack), the duration of one walk is 1.5 hours, in the summer this time can be increased to 2 hours in good weather conditions.

Water treatments before afternoon tea. At this age, general rubdowns can be used. First they wipe upper limbs, then the lower ones, chest and back. The initial water temperature is 33-36 0. Gradually, once every 5 days, the water temperature is reduced by 1 0 and brought to 24 0. Water procedures – important element hardening, including them in the daily routine is an integral part of healthy upbringing.

Hygienic bathing 2-3 times a week before bedtime.

The child's clothing must be appropriate for his height, not restrict movement, and have minimal amount ties and fasteners. Up to 1.5 years old, girls, like boys, should wear pants and blouses, since dresses make walking difficult. The child takes part in the process of dressing and undressing, learns to take off simple items of clothing (unbuttoned shoes, a T-shirt).

At this age, it is important to cultivate the following cultural and hygienic skills: wash your hands before eating, sit on a child’s chair, learn to eat yourself carefully with a spoon, and use a napkin after eating. It is necessary to teach the child to sit on the potty and sit on it until the result is achieved. To teach children to be tidy, they are regularly put on the potty after sleep, every 1.5 - 2 hours while awake, before a walk and upon returning from it.

Approximate daily routine for children from 1 to 1.5 years:

Feeding: 7.30, 12, 16.30, 20.

Wakefulness: 7 – 10, 12 – 15.30, 16.30 – 20.30.

Dream: first 10 – 12, second 15.30 – 16.30, night sleep 20.30 – 7.

Walk: after lunch and afternoon tea.

Bathing: 19.

Daily routine for a child from one year and six months (1.5 years) to 2 years

Features of the age period

The child steps over an object lying on the floor, runs, and rubs his hands under running water when washing. Can name objects, generalizes them according to essential features, knows the main parts of the body. Takes off unfastened shoes independently, holds a cup when drinking, and uses a spoon more skillfully. Reproduces previously seen or learned actions in the game: feeds a doll, builds a tower of cubes, etc. He can distinguish between 3-4 objects of different shapes (ball, cube, pyramid). He knows well the meaning of the words “possible” and “impossible”, but is not always able to obey the prohibition.

Dream

After one and a half years, the child is transferred to a regime with one daytime sleep.

The duration of daytime sleep is 3-3.5 hours. The total duration of sleep at this age is from 13 to 14.5 hours, of which night sleep is 10 – 11 hours. When teaching a child to be independent, you should not force him to undress independently before bed for a long time - this leads to fatigue and poor sleep.

Feeding

The baby should be fed four times a day. The intervals between feedings are from 3.5 to 4.5 hours. If the baby is awake between feedings, this interval should not exceed 3.5 hours. The night break between dinner and breakfast is about 12 - 13 hours. Breakfast should begin no later than an hour after waking up, dinner - no less than an hour before the child goes to bed to ensure a restful sleep.

Wakefulness

Periods of continuous wakefulness in this age group increase to 5 – 5.5 hours.

During play at this age, the child is already actively using shoulder blades and balls.

Outdoor walks are organized twice a day, after breakfast and afternoon tea. The duration of walks is the same as in the previous age group.

Water procedures are carried out before lunch. From 1.5 years as water procedures You can use a shower, the effect of which is stronger than that of wiping, since in addition to temperature effects, the child also experiences mechanical effects. The water temperature decreases gradually, once every 5 days by 1 0, from 35-37 0 and is brought to 24 - 28 0. First they pour on the back, then the chest, stomach, last turn hands. The duration of the procedure is 1.5 minutes. Hygienic bathing is carried out 2 times a week before bedtime.

By the age of two, the skill of neatness should be practically formed, but after playing too much, the child may forget to ask to go to the potty, so they need to be reminded of this and put on the potty before bed and after bed.

Approximate daily routine for children from 1.5 to 2 years:

Feeding: 8, 12, 15.30, 19.30.

Wakefulness: 7.30 – 12.30, 15.30 – 20.20.

Dream: 12.30 – 15.30, 20.30 – 7.30.

Walk: after breakfast and afternoon tea.

Bathing: 18.30.

Daily routine for a child from 2 to 3 years old

Features of the age period

Vocabulary increases significantly compared to the previous period. Speaks in long-winded sentences. The child's speech begins to approach the speech of an adult. The baby eats carefully, puts on and takes off a T-shirt or shirt, and asks to go to the potty during the day. He concentrates on toys and enthusiastically looks at books and pictures. The third year is a period of development of independence and creative activity.

Dream

During the third year of life, the child can be on a regime with a single daytime nap. If a child categorically refuses daytime sleep, then at this time he should be in a state of calm wakefulness (for example, looking at pictures in a book), this will allow nervous system child to rest and avoid overwork.

Feeding

Four feedings a day with an interval of 3.5 - 4 hours (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack and dinner).

Wakefulness

Each period of wakefulness takes 6 - 6.5 hours. For children who tire easily and weakened children, periods of wakefulness can be reduced to 5 - 5.5 hours by lengthening sleep. A child at this age is already capable of a short time restrain his actions and desires, but still gets easily excited and tired of monotonous activities. The baby can do the same thing for no more than 20 - 30 minutes. Periods of wakefulness should consist of a rational alternation different types active work child. Children's play includes children's musical instruments, colored pencils, rocking horse, dolls, sand molds.

As in previous age periods, certain part Children should spend their waking period outdoors even in the winter, but not more than 1.5 hours, since they still cool down quite quickly. In the warm season, walks can last up to 2 hours, and under appropriate conditions, the entire waking period can be transferred to the air.

Water procedures include dousing, but for weakened children, wiping may be used. Recommendations for temperature conditions water procedures, as in previous age groups. A hygienic bath for a child in the third year is carried out once a week before bedtime.

Despite the fact that the child basically already knows how to regulate his physiological functions, you should still put him on the potty before going to bed, before going for a walk, and be sure to monitor the accuracy of this process.

At this age, it is important to stimulate active independent activity in children, to develop and consolidate existing skills and abilities by constantly repeating them.

Approximate daily routine for children aged 2 to 3 years:

Feeding: 8, 12.30, 16.30, 19.

Wakefulness: 7.30 – 13.30, 15.30 – 20.30.

Dream: 13.30 – 15.30, 20.30 – 7.30.

Walk: 2 times a day after breakfast and afternoon snack.

Pouring: after night and daytime sleep (winter) and before lunch (summer).

Bathing: before bedtime.

Pediatric doctors recommend that parents avoid sudden changes in the organization of the day for a child over 1 year of age. For a child of 1 year, the daily routine is not much different from that of 10–11 months. If you try to adhere to the lifestyle that was established shortly before the baby’s first name day, then special problems will not be.

Switching to one-time sleep

It may happen that a one-year-old child himself does not want to live according to his usual schedule. If earlier he easily fell asleep and slept twice during the day, now it becomes very difficult to persuade the baby to go to bed a couple of hours after the first morning awakening.

It happens that a child plays calmly until lunchtime, without showing any signs of fatigue or drowsiness, does not rub his eyes, or is capricious. Attempts to put her to bed at the usual time are accompanied by whims and desperate resistance. When his mother finally puts him to bed, he plays for a long time in the crib with a toy, talks to himself, endlessly demands attention, and falls asleep when it’s time to get up. We have to push back the time for lunch feeding, and then the time for the second nap. As a result, the baby wakes up a second time just before nightfall, and then neither he nor his mother sleeps for half the night. Such shifts in time force the entire family to change its routine.

If your child clearly does not want to sleep until lunch, then at 1 year old he should be switched to a one-time afternoon nap (we recommend reading:). It grew out of the daily routine of an 11-12 month old baby. For 1-year-old children, the distribution of time should be convenient and comfortable for them and for their parents. The transition to a new schedule should be smooth and unobtrusive - so, there is no need to wait for an afternoon nap if the baby is tired, yawns and wants to lie down. Sometimes it can be very difficult to choose an individual sleep schedule so that the baby remains cheerful and calm, and parents can get enough sleep and fully cope with their daily responsibilities.

If the baby is no longer ready to live according to the previously created routine, there is no need to insist: the child’s internal biorhythms themselves will tell you the optimal amount, frequency and time of sleep

Sleeping and waking patterns of a one-year-old child

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So, in the 13th month of life, two modes of daytime rest are possible, given that a baby of this age can stay awake for about 3-4 hours without getting tired. In any case, parents must ensure that the baby sleeps the number of hours appropriate for his age - his state of health and psychological comfort directly depend on this. At 1 year and 1 month, the child’s tendency towards the “lark” or “night owl” type of temperament already becomes noticeable:

A regimen with the usual two-day nap for a 10-11 month old baby. A one-year-old child who is a “lark” wakes up early, at 6–7 am, and is not averse to falling asleep again at 10. After sleeping for two hours, he can play or walk until about 3 pm. He will need the next rest somewhere from 15 to 17, and already at 20 - 21 pm you can put him to bed for the night. This organization sleep pleases that your little fidget will always be rested and cheerful.
A regime in which the baby sleeps once during the day. This option is more suitable for future night owls. These kids prefer to sleep longer in the morning and they don’t fall asleep for a long time in the evening. The child wakes up around 9–10 am and begins to get tired in the afternoon. Quiet hour This baby lasts about three hours. A child can sleep in the afternoon, from 1 to 4 p.m., then by 8–9 p.m. he will already be tired and easily fall asleep early. What's good about the second option? Since the baby sleeps long in the morning and falls asleep early in the evening, parents have the opportunity to redo household chores and communicate with each other.

If you want to send your child to kindergarten in early age, then the organization of the day according to the “lark” type is considered to be the closest to kindergarten. The main thing is not to let him sleep too long in the morning; it is better to wake the child up before 10 o’clock in the morning. If this rule is not followed, day and night may become confused.

Nutrition for a one-year-old child

After the child reaches the age of 1 year, sit him on a special chair at a common table (more details in the article:). He will be happy to try the same dishes that adults eat: borscht, soups, porridges, boiled fish and chicken, steamed meatballs, stewed or boiled vegetables, soft-boiled egg, tender cottage cheese, casserole.

The diet of a child over 12 months old should differ from the adult diet in the absence of spicy, fatty, fried and smoked foods, sausages, and citrus fruits. It's better not to give him sweets yet, flour products industrial production, chocolate. Candies and cakes contain a large number of sugar and artificial fats, which are extremely harmful to a small organism. It is much more useful to put fruit purees, berries, and juices on the table.

Although the baby’s stomach is already able to accept an adult diet, there are also significant differences - it is better to protect the child from fried food fatty foods and products with preservatives

Baby feeding regimens after one year

Meal times depend on how many times the baby sleeps during the day:

With the saved sleep twice a day, the usual 5 meals a day remain. If mom still has milk, you can breastfeed before bed and at breakfast. If breast milk no longer, then let the baby suck baby formula from a bottle in the morning and at night. Feed three times a day.
If your baby switched to one-time nap after a year, then his feeding time will also change. Now it’s simply not possible to maintain the previous 5 meals a day. It is quite enough to feed the baby 4 times a day, but you should not overfeed him. It should be remembered that the volume of food eaten at a time should be no more than 250 ml. The baby will let you know when he is full.

Sleeping, walking and feeding patterns of a child per year

Let's make up exemplary mode day and nutrition of a one-year-old baby by the hour with two and one daytime sleep, as well as taking into account the time of morning awakening:

Regime moments	Early rise	Late rise
Waking up, morning toilet, exercise if possible	6.00-7.00	8.00-9.00
First meal (breakfast)	7.00-7.30	9.00-9.30
Games, activities or a walk. Many children at this age are already trying to communicate with their peers, so you can go with your baby to the yard or to the park where children usually walk.	8.00-10.30	10.00-12.30
Second meal. For lunch, the child should receive the most high-calorie food during the day.	10.30-11.00	12.30-13.00
Sleepy hour on a walk or at home	11.30-13.00	13.30-16.00
The third meal is an afternoon snack. It should be much less dense than lunch, because dinner is coming soon	14.00-14.30	16.00-16.30
Second nap	15.30-16.30	-
Waking time - games, activities, reading books	16.30-19.00	16.30-19.00
Fourth meal - dinner	19.00-19.30	19.00-19.30
Evening toilet, bathing, dousing, air baths	20.00-21.00	20.00-21.00
Night sleep	From 21.00	From 21.00

For a one-year-old child, play is a natural element that must be given a place in the daily routine. Mom does not have to actively participate all the time - she should leave time for self-study peace

All children are different, so this schedule is approximate and varies by an hour or two in one direction or another depending on the individual needs of the child. The time of sleep, wakefulness and feeding of a child of the 13-15th month of life can be clearly depicted in the form of a table.

It is important to adhere to the selected schedule so that the child gets used to eating and going to bed at the same time - this will avoid unnecessary problems such as lack of appetite or lethargy, drowsiness. If the organization of the day suits the child, then it can be followed until 3-4 years of age.

Komarovsky's opinion

Well-known pediatrician, candidate medical sciences Evgeny Komarovsky recommends following a precise daily routine for a toddler. In their scientific works he describes families where, as a result of parental disorganization, young children fall asleep by 2 a.m. and then sleep until noon. Komarovsky calls this situation an inverted day.

It is very important to properly think through the daily routine of a 1-year-old child. It should not be strict; it is necessary to take into account the needs of the baby and his parents.

Why is routine important?

The child develops quickly, new abilities appear every month. At the same time, daily repeated rituals of nutrition and rest have a positive effect on the well-being and mood of the baby and provide a sense of security. A well-organized daily routine helps raise a child with a healthy and stable psyche, organized and responsible. It will be easier for him to adapt to kindergarten and school.

When forming a routine, adults must understand the needs of children. But don't count on it one year old baby will instinctively feel when it is time for him to eat and sleep. A tired, phlegmatic child will probably fall asleep on his own. But if the baby has a different type of temperament, he cannot do without help. Otherwise, he will become very overexcited. This condition, especially if it lasts more than one month, can lead to the following manifestations:

moodiness and irritability;
loss of appetite;
sleep disorders;
mood swings;
difficulties with the perception of information.

If you approach the regime wisely, it will not suppress the child’s creativity. Its purpose is to streamline life, make it understandable for the little man, and provide good sleep And regular feedings. Also, the daily routine should include walks in the fresh air and hygiene procedures.

Sleep routine

The key point that affects the diet, including nutrition, is sleep. The baby's activity increases, he moves a lot, but he must rest accordingly. Total time Sleep averages 13-14 hours, of which 10 occur at night. During the day, most one-year-old children sleep twice, although literally after a month or two the situation may change.

The period of sleep with this routine begins after three hours of wakefulness. If the baby wakes up at 8 o'clock, then at 11 he will be ready to go to bed. The first nap is often longer than the second, lasting about two hours. The baby will wake up at one o'clock and will have lunch, play, and walk until 16 o'clock. Then another sleep for 1-1.5 hours. At night he will lie down at 21.

If in the summer the child begins to wake up very early, then you should think about thick curtains in the nursery.

But not all children aged 12 months are suitable for such a regime. Gradually they switch to one nap during the day. This is easy to notice: at the usual time the baby is not ready to sleep, he plays without showing signs of fatigue. If you still managed to put him to bed, then the second dream is shifted and night rest. As a result, the rhythm of life of the whole family is disrupted, which has a bad effect on the mood of adults. In this case, it is worth putting the child to bed once a day, 4-5 hours after waking up. He will sleep for about three hours, and leave for the night after 5-6 hours of wakefulness.

One year old baby food

Diet is also extremely important. At 12 months, a baby needs 4 meals. The feeding schedule is formed based on the rest schedule.

If the baby gets up at 8 o’clock and rests twice a day, then feedings look like this.

Breakfast - half an hour to an hour after waking up, 8:30-9 hours.
Lunch - after the first sleep, at 13 o'clock.
Afternoon snack - after the second rest period, at 17-17:30.
Dinner - half an hour before going to bed at night, at 20:30.

If the baby switches to one nap during the day, then the diet changes slightly. Lunch should be fed before rest, and an afternoon snack should be fed shortly after waking up. For many children, night feedings may still be important for many months; at this age it is still difficult for them to refuse them. Do not insist; it is better to give a bottle of formula or breastfeed. But you can try replacing such a snack with water: perhaps the baby is just thirsty. Then it will not be difficult to wean him from asking for food at night.

It is important to remember the nutritional rules for a one-year-old child. He no longer needs ground food and is ready to eat from the common table. Even if you still practice chopping your baby’s food, you should not use a blender. It is better when the mass is not homogeneous, but with small lumps. This will help teach the baby to chew and only then swallow food. In a month or two he won't need it anymore.

Now you can cook for all family members, and not separately for the little one. But he still can’t eat fried, fatty, or spicy foods. You should also avoid sausages, mushrooms, and chocolate desserts.

An example of nutrition looks like this.

Breakfast: porridge.
Lunch: vegetable soup. If broth is used to prepare it, then it should be the second or third.
Afternoon snack: cottage cheese and fruit puree, kefir.
Dinner: meat with side dish.

Dishes should be steamed, boiled or stewed. It is better to avoid salt or use a very small amount. Spices can irritate your baby's intestines.

Water treatments and walks

In addition to diet and rest, hygiene procedures are important. They must be present in the daily routine. You need to wash your face immediately after waking up, before breakfast. Already at 12 months you need to brush your teeth. This achieves two goals at once: teeth are kept healthy and a habit of self-care is formed in the future. While the procedure is carried out by the parents. It is useful to take a bath every evening. This is not only cleansing for the baby, but also a relaxing ritual that will help you get ready to relax.

It’s hard to imagine a one-year-old child’s daily routine without walks in the fresh air. They saturate the growing body with oxygen and help release energy. They also give the little person the opportunity to explore the world. It is advisable that they last at least three hours. It doesn’t have to be at once - you can go for a walk twice a day. But you need to take into account the climatic features of your region and weather conditions. They may have to be reduced during the cold winter months.

It's good if the walk is active. At one year old, the baby can often walk, so it’s worth giving him the opportunity to move. This will have a beneficial effect on the regime. If the child cannot stand on his legs yet, then he will probably be able to do so in a month or two. But you should be careful: the baby is still very clumsy.

If you can’t establish a regime

Sometimes the routine can go wrong. Parents need to analyze why this is happening in order to correct the situation. This often happens when the baby is sick or teething. Due to discomfort, he does not fall asleep on time and refuses to eat. It’s not scary, soon the baby will return to normal, and the day will go on as usual.

But it happens that the child is healthy, but in order to put him to sleep, you have to spend a lot of effort. In this case, you need to look for the reason. Perhaps the little one doesn’t get tired enough during the day. Then you need to increase his activity, for example, walk longer in the fresh air.

Sometimes the opposite situation occurs - the baby does not sleep due to overexcitation. This means that it is necessary to exclude particularly active games some time before bedtime. It's better to do something calm. It is also worth introducing a ritual and repeating it daily. This will make it easier for your baby to get ready for sleep. It can take a month to get used to the routine, so you need to be patient.

The diet, walks and rest should be planned so that the whole family is comfortable. The child needs stability, and parents need the opportunity to plan their time.