Wrong fat metabolism. How to restore a disturbed metabolism in the body and lose weight at home

Why do fats need or-ga-niz-mu? Everyone knows that they don’t eat from fatty food, and not for nothing in the shops there are a lot of products with “0% fat-no-stu” ”, - maybe, it’s right not to use fat in everything? One-on-one, any doctor-di-e-to-log will say that this is not-right-vil-but, are-pi-dy obligatory-for-tel-but necessary for normal -noy life-not-de-I-tel-no-sti, because they are yav-la-yut-sya:

energy-ge-ti-che-skim "top-li-vom" for or-ga-niz-ma;
a vitally important building block for skin, hair, legs, and other tissues;
"Raw materials" for the production of mountains-mon-news.

The first stage: in-step-le-ni-fat-ditch or-ha-nism
So, we sit down at the table and eat. Pe-re-va-ri-va-nie fats na-chi-na-et-sya already in the mouth: salivary glands you-de-la-yut secret, na-sy- puppy-ny especially-be-mi-pi-sche-va-ri-tel-ny-mi fer-men-ta-mi. Da-lee pi-scha po-pa-da-et in the well-lu-doc - but in it pe-re-va-ri-va-yut-sya in the main squirrels, fats from-rights -la-yut-sya for further processing in the ki-shech-nik, where they will split and soak into the blood.

Second stage: splitting fats
The splitting of fats continues all-ma in-ten-siv-but with the help of bile-chi in ki-shech-ni-ke (na-chi -naya from the 12-colon-colon) - with its help, they "dro-battle" on mi-cro-sko-pi-che-drops - three-gli-tse- ri-dy (three mo-le-ku-ly fatty acids, “attached” to mo-le-ku-le gli-ce-ri-on). In the ki-shech-ni-ke, part of the tri-gli-ce-ri-dov is combined with bel-ka-mi and together with them-mi-na-chi-na-et trans- port-ti-ro-vat-sya to tissues and or-ga-us.

Third stage: trans-port li-pi-dov
Tri-gli-tse-ri-dy sa-mo-sto-i-tel-but “pu-te-she-stvo-vat” they don’t know how, they must-for-tel-but need transport -noe means under the name "li-po-pro-te-in". Whether-by-pro-the-and-we would-va-ut several types, and for-da-cha each of them has its own.

Hi-lo-mi-kro-ny are about-ra-zu-yut-sya in ki-shech-ni-ke from fats and proteins-no-si-te-lei; their za-da-cha - re-re-but-sit in a lu-chen-ny with food fat from the intestines into tissues and cells.
Do-po-pro-te-and-ny with a very high density, then the same trans-port-ti-ru-ut fat to tissues and cells, but from pe-che -no, not from ki-shech-no-ka.
Do-po-pro-te-and-ny with low density also deliver fats from ne-che-no to tissues or-ga-niz-ma , but they are still put-but “when-hva-you-va-yut” ho-le-ster-rin from ki-shech-ni-ka and spread it along the or-ga-niz-mu . So if somewhere in the so-su-dah there were ho-le-ste-ri-no-trom-by, then this means that it’s about-about-those -and-us with low density, for some reason, we didn’t cope with our task.
Do-by-pro-the-and-we with you-so-density have a direct pro-ti-in-a-false function - they are co-bi-ra- they ho-le-ster-in all over the or-ga-ni-m and deliver it to the liver for uti-li-za-tion.

The need for fatty food in all does not mean av-that-ma-ti-che-th-on-a-high-level of ho-le-ste -ri-on in the blood. Rice-ko-van-naya si-tu-a-tion rises-no-ka-et, if there is too much-to-pro-the-and-new from the bottom in the or-ga-bottom-me -which density-no-stu (someone-rye-m-ga-yut on-drop-whether ho-le-sterin) and don’t hva-ta-is-it-pro-te- and-new with you-so-density (those who are from-ve-cha-yut for you-ve-de-ho-le-ste-ri-na).

Fourth stage: from-lo-zhe-niya superfluous fat-ra
If the or-ga-nism got more fat than necessary, then the enzyme enters into de-lo under the name of li-pa-za, for-da-cha someone-ro-go "hide" everything superfluous inside the fat cells. More than that, can it “give command” for a lot of fat cells, some of them don’t lzya uni-something-to live. Yes, if the person-lo-age is hoo-de-et and the li-pi-dy “leave” - the empty fat cells themselves will remain in place ste, and with any on-ru-she-ni di-e-you are-pa-for-dre-va-na-chi-na-et for-half-take their fat-ra-mi.

Practically-ti-che-ski every-day knows that the extra ki-lo-grams-we are-y-la-yut-sya when we-ru-she-ni-yah live -ro-in-go (in medical ter-mi-no-logia - lip-pid-no-go) about-me-na, some-rye pro-yav-la- yut-sya in for-med-le-nii about-me-on ho-le-ste-ri-na and on-bo-re is superfluous of weight. Gi-per-li-pi-de-mi-ey (in-you-shen-ny-so-der-ma-ni-em li-pi-dov in blood) and wait-re-ni-em stra- yes, about 65% of the qi-wi-li-zo-van countries. By the way, than qi-vi-li-zo-van-her country and more comfortable life, there is more choice of go-howl and complex in terms of co-hundred pi- cabbage soup, the higher this one-for-tel.

Fak-to-ry, co-own-th-ing from-lo-zhe-niu fat-ra in or-ga-niz-me

Age (the older the person, the more ve-ro-yat-ness from-to-exactly from-lo-same-fat)
Gender
So-sto-i-nie me-no-pa-u-zy for women and an-dro-pa-u-zy for men
Gi-po-di-na-miya
Not corresponding to the age of the race and about the life of the regime and the character of the pi-ta-niya; binge eating
Nervous pe-re-loads (in-pre-ki all-general-to me, from stress-owls not hu-de-ut, but half-not-ut - this is owns "for-eating" stress-co-vy si-tu-a-tsy)
Harmful food pre-readings (may-o-nez and other non-to-the-real sauces and with-right-you, from-by-current sweet -ko-go, fast food, all-ho-myat-ku food, etc.)
On-ru-she-nie re-zhi-ma sleep (opa-sen as not-to-a-hundred-current, and from-by-current sleep)
Harmful habits (ku-re-nie, from-to-accurate use of al-ko-go-la - especially ben-but pi-va)
Ge-not-ti-che-sky pre-race-by-lo-femininity to half-but-those
On-ru-she-niya me-ta-bo-liz-ma at sports shifts, out-of-the-way but pre-beautiful in-ten-siv-nye tre-ni-ditch-ki
Long-term treatment B-blo-ka-to-ra-mi, psycho-ho-trop-us-mi means-mi, mountains-mo-na-mi
En-do-krin-ny disorders (sugar-ny dia-bet, more-lez-no shchi-kind-noy-le-zy)

Because of the exact mass of the body - one of the reasons for reducing them-mu-no-te-ta and developing chro-no-che-sky, and also frequent seasons for-bo-le-va-ny, co-sto-i-niya psi-ho-lo-gi-che-sky la-bil-no-sti, aggressive-siv -no-sti, in-you-shen-noy times-dra-zhi-tel-no-sti. A man-lo-ve-ka with extra weight on-ru-sha-yut-sya functions of all systems of or-ga-nov - en-do-krin-noy, ser-dech-but -so-su-di-stop, pi-sche-va-ri-tel-noy. On-you-sha-e-sya on-load on the support-but-move-ha-tel-ny app-para-rat - faster from-on-shi-va-yut-su-sta- you, mustache-gub-la-et-sya ost-o-hond-roses, rise-no-ka-yut ar-tri-you, ar-tro-zy, pro-tru-zia and hernia in-zvo - no-night. Set-new-le-on a direct connection from-to-precise-no-ve-sa with ta-ki-mi for-bo-le-va-ni-i-mi, like a sa-har dia -bet, ate-ro-sclero-roses of the vessels of the brain and heart, hyper-no-no-che-illness. The quality and duration of life-no man-lo-ve-ka, whose weight is substantial, but exceeds the norm, on average can be reduced by 10-15 years. In recent years, the level of death has sharply increased due to-chi-not ser-dech-but-so-su-di-stykh for-bo-le-va- ny, ask-in-qi-ro-van-nyh at a higher level of ho-le-ste-ri-on the blood. Since the basis of the pain is ser-dech-but-so-su-di-styh for-bo-le-va-ny (ishe-mi-che-heart disease (IHD ), in-farct myo-card-yes, acute on-ru-she-nie of the brain-go-in-go kro-in-o-ra-shche-niya (in-sult), for-bo-le-va -niya pe-ri-fe-ri-che-sky ar-te-riy) lies a single pa-to-lo-gi-che-process - athero-sclero-roses, non- about-ho-di-mo con-tro-li-ro-vat the level of ho-le-ste-ri-on the blood-vi, in time to “catch” him higher and take all non-about-ho-di-my measures for the norm-ma-li-za-tion of the lipid-no-go about-me-on.

Nor-ma-li-zu-em ho-le-ste-rin blood-vi and from-bav-la-em-sya from extra ki-lo-grams

According to the voice-but re-ko-men-da-qi-yam VNOK (All-Russian scientific society of card-dio-log-gov), based on the first noah and secondary pro-fi-lak-ti-ki ser-dech-but-so-su-di-styh for-bo-le-va-ny lie-zhat me-ro-pri-i-tiya , directed to the correction of the main factors of the rice of their development: low physical activity, ku-re-niya, po-vy-shen-no-go ar-te-ri-al-no-go dav-le-niya, expect-re-niya and lipid-nyh on-ru-she-ny . For example: in the USA, the active use of such measures for the past 20 years led to a decrease in deaths sti from the middle-dech-but-so-su-di-styh for-bo-le-va-ny by 55%. Cor-rec-tion on-ru-she-niy-pid-no-go about-me-on-possibility-on-two-way-so-ba-mi - from-me-no-no-it about -ra-for life and on-know-che-no-em medicinal pre-pa-ra-com. In accordance with Na-tsi-o-nal-ny-mi re-ko-men-da-qi-i-mi on diagnostics and correction of re-re-tion on-ru -she-niy-pid-no-go about-me-on with the goal of pro-fi-lac-ti-ki and le-che-ater-ro-skle-ro-za, not me-di -ka-men-toz-naya pro-fi-lac-ti-ka ate-ro-skle-ro-for pre-du-smat-ri-va-et:

mo-di-fi-ka-tion di-e-you,
correction of mass-sy body-la (reduce the same weight),
higher fi-zi-che-sky active-no-sti,
to give up smoking.

1. Di-e-ta

Ogre-no-che-nee-requirement-of-fat-ditch of both life-here-no-go, and ra-ti-tel-no-go pro-is-ho-waiting; exclusion from ra-qi-o-on-solid mar-ga-ri-nov and ku-li-nar-ny fats.
Limiting food-in-ho-le-ster-ri-na up to 200 mg per day (one egg contains 200-250 mg) .
The use of fruits and vegetables in a daily quantity of at least 400 g, not counting car-to-fe-la.
For-me-for meat and meat products with you-so-kim so-der-zha-ni-fat for other protein products ( bo-bo-vye, fish-ba, bird, te-la-ti-na, me-with cro-li-ka).
Daily use of mo-lo-ka and dairy products with a low content of fat and so-li (ke -fir, sour mo-lo-ko, cheese, yogurt).
The total do-la sa-ha-ra in the so-toch-nom ra-qi-o-not (incl. tah pi-ta-nia) should not exceed 10% of the total caloric content.
Limiting the need for co-li (including tea so-der-zha-shchu-yu-sya in bread-be, con-ser-vi-ro-van-nyh pro- duk-tah, etc.) - no more than 5-6 g (1 teaspoon) per day.
Not re-same 2 times in no-de-lo go-to twist fatty sea fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel); these varieties contain not-about-ho-di-my number of ω-Z-poly-not-saturated fatty acids lot, someone plays an important role in pro-fi-lac-ti-ke ate-ro-skle-ro-za.
Re-ko-men-du-e-my co-from-no-she-tion of the main food ingredients in-gre-di-en-tov in the general ka-lo-riy-sti pi- cabbage soup: proteins 15%, fats 30%, coal-le-water 55%.

2. Weight correction

Reduce the mass of the body to the op-ti-small-ve-li-chi-we to-sti-ha-et-sya on-know-che-no-em di-e-you with low-kim so-der-zha-ni-eat fat and re-gu-lyar-nym you-half-not-not-eat physical exercises. To evaluate the weight, it’s useful in-dec-sa ma-sy te-la. niya na-ho-dit-sya in pre-de-lah 18.5-25 kg/m2

BMI = weight in kg / height in m2

3. Physical activity

To all pa-tsi-en-there with na-ru-she-ni-i-mi-li-pid-no-go about-me-na and from-to-accurate mass-soy te-la re-ko- men-du-et-sya in-you-sit all-day physical activity, taking into account the age-race and the state of health- ro-vya. On-and-boo-more safe and accessible practical-ti-che-ski for everyone aerobic physical exercise - walking. For-no-mother-follows 4-5 times in no-de-lu for 30-45 minutes with until-sti-the same-no-eat often-you-heart - red-shche-ny heart rate \u003d 65-70% of the max-si-mal-noy for a given age-race, someone-paradise is calculated-you-va-et-xia according to the for -mu-le:

max heart rate = 220 - age (number of years)

Attention! Patients with coronary heart disease (ishe-mi-che-heart disease) and others for-bo-le-va-ni-i-mi ser-dech-no-so-su-di- stop si-ste-we re-press tre-ni-ro-voch-nyh on-load-zok under-bi-ra-et-sya doctor-in-di-vi-du-al-but.

4. Pre-kra-sche-tion ku-re-nia in any form

To-hundred-ver-but set-new-flax harm is not only active-no-go, but also pass-siv-no-go-ku-re-niya, in this way, refusal or se -a sharp ogran-no-che-ku-re-niya should be re-ko-men-do-va-na not only sa-mo-mu pa-qi-en-tu, but also to all members of our family!

Me-di-ka-men-toz-naya te-ra-piya ate-ro-skle-ro-za and ozhi-re-niya

Pain-shin-stvo pa-tsi-en-tov with labor from-ka-zy-va-yut-sya from not-health-ro-in-go about-ra-for life and more often everything -tho-nav-whether-va-yut your choice on a more easy way - without changing the calculation-no-go mode, limit-no-chit le- che-tion with-e-mom whether-pi-do-kor-re-gi-ru-yu-schi pre-pa-ra-tov, to someone-eye in the first turn from-but- syat-sya in-gi-bi-to-ry gid-rock-si-me-til-glu-ta-ril-ko-en-zim-A-re-duk-ta-zy, so na-zy-va -e-my sta-ti-ny (lo-va-sta-tin, sim-va-sta-tin, flu-va-sta-tin, atorva-sta-tin, ro-zu-va-sta-tin and etc.). Te-ra-piya with the use of these medicines, with vi-di-my, her comfort-no-sti has its own unpleasant features, ben-no- sti:

with-no-mother hundred-ty-we need-but practical-ti-che-ski in life-nen-but, because with the pre-beautiful le-che-niya ho-le-sterin almost immediately, you-sha-e-sya to the previous level;
co-temporal sta-ti-ns - syn-te-ti-che-sky pre-pa-ra-you, this creates the conditions for additional-half-no-tel-noy in -tok-si-ka-tion or-ga-niz-ma;
free-but-quickly can-appear-by-side effects-you: pain in the stomach, meteorism, for-by-ry, mi -al-gyi and mi-o-pa-tii, up to the sa-mo-th ty-same-lo-th complication-non-niya - slave-to-myo-li-za (ras-pad we-shech- noy fabric), someone-ry yav-la-et-sya life-not-threat-zha-schi-so-hundred-I-no-eat;
use-of-requirement, yes, not-pain-sho-co-li-che-stva al-ko-go-la on the background-not with-e-ma sta-ti-nov can in-tsi-ro-vat at pa-tsi-en-ta mi-o-pa-tiyu or slave-do-myo-liz.

Su-s-stu-et al-ter-na-ti-va - pre-pa-ra-you, someone who doesn’t have side effects, even with a long tel-nom with-e-me and ob-la-da-yut you-with-coy-ef-fek-tiv-no-stu in relation to-no-she-ni correction of lipid-no-go exchange, without requiring special conditions for application. Such properties are from-whether-cha-ut-xia to-tu-ral-drugs GRACIOL EDAS-107 drops and ALIPID EDAS-907 gra-nu-ly. Co-hundreds of GRACIOLA and ALIPIDA are similar, but not completely identical (gra-fit, fu-cus, ig-na-tion in one and the other, to-sex -ni-tel-but car-bo-nat calcium and qi-mi-qi-fu-ga in the second) and complement each other. Therefore, according to the re-ko-men-da-qi-yam of the specialists of the EDAS company, do you need a drop in the morning and che-rum, and gra-nu-ly 2-3 times in those days in the intervals between meals (it helps to reduce ap-pe- ti and, as a consequence, reduce the amount of eat-yes-e-my pi-shchi).

The action of pre-pa-ra-tov is up to a hundred-precise-but shi-ro-ko, but first of all, they are mo-ga-yut or-ga-bottom-mu in the norm-ma-li -for-tion of li-pid-no-go and ho-le-ste-ri-no-in-go about-me-on, which can be confirmed-ver-zhde-but after kurs-sa le -che-niya bio-hi-mi-che-skim ana-li-zom blood-vi. Medications pre-stop-stu-stu-et times-vi-tiyu yo-do-de-fi-qi-ta, not-rarely-to-property-of-to-to-toch -no-mu-ve-su because of not-up to-a-hundred-precise-no-sti of the function of a shchi-vid-noy-le-zy. Not having the usual for chi-mi-che-drugs tox-sich-no-stu, these funds positively affect the central and ve-ge-ta-tiv-nuyu nervous system-stem-we, en-do-krin-ny glands and organs of pi-sche-va-re-niya, - and so s-m-m-m-ga-yut eliminate the thread of excessive ap-pe-tit and neuro-ro-ti-che-disorders associated with this hundred-i- don't eat. In addition to that, due to the sti-mu-la-tion of the ra-bo-you ki-shech-ni-ka, reduce-sha-yut-sya for-by-ry, me-theorism, pre-kra -scha-et-sya feeling of "spread-ra-niya" and dis-comfort-ta. As a result, it’s not quicker, but up to a hundred-accurate, but stable-chi-reduction in weight, some-thing signifies-chi-tel-but easy- che “keep-reap” later. The success of the treatment is sta-bi-len in those cases when the-ra-piya is pro-did-by-complex-but: with-know-che-no-em down-to-ka-lo-riy-noy di-e-you, with-me-no-no-em do-zi-ro-van-noy fi-zi-che-sky on-load-ki and with psi -ho-lo-gi-che-sky support-ke pa-ci-en-ta surround-zha-yu-schi-mi his people.

Pre-pa-ra-you GRATSIOL and ALIPID effec-tiv-we are not-for-vi-si-mo from age, but from the absence of side effects de-la-et it is possible to use them for the duration of the mi kurs-sa-mi, which, with the observance of the re-ko-men-to-van-no-go re- zhi-ma pos-vo-la-et means-chi-tel-but reduce weight (according to the blue-de-no-holes of the doctor-whose-specialist-ci-a-listov - from 5 to 20 ki-lo-gram-mov). The first-at-the-initial-stage of treatment follows-on-chi-nat with de-tok-si-ka-tion or-ga-niz-ma with the help of com- plex-no-go-meo-pa-ti-che-sko-go-le-kar-stven-no-go pre-pa-ra-ta KARSAT EDAS-136 (drops) or EDAS-936 (gra- uh-ly).

For improvement and ak-ti-vi-za-tion of exchange pro-cesses in the course of le-che-niya re-ko-men-du-et-sya include on-tu -ral pre-par-rat COENZYME Q 10 plus - means of-go-tav-li-va-et-sya on the basis of tyk-vein-no-go oil (so-der-zhit vi-ta-mi-ny A, E, F, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, C, P, K; mi-cro-ele-men-you Zn, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Se); has in the co-hundred-ve whether-ko-pin and whether-but-le-vuyu sour-lo-tu. Pre-pa-rat yav-la-et-sya powerful an-ti-ok-si-dan-tom, norm-ma-li-zu-et fat-ro-howl exchange and reduces keeping ho-le-ste-ri-na in blood. Due to the content of whether-but-left-howl sour-lo-you in-you-sha-et activity compresses fats and contributes to -hu-da-nyu. Bla-go-da-rya vi-ta-mi-nu E - an-ti-ok-si-dan-tu and im-mu-no-mo-du-la-to-ru - in-lo-zhi- tel-but affects the erectile function and sperm-ma-to-genesis in men; for women in-ca-zan with infertility, for-bo-le-va-ni-yah mammary glands and testicles. In addition to that, pre-pa-rat in-zi-tiv-but influence-I-et on the blood-ve-nose-so-su-dy and sti-mu-li-ru-et ob-ra -zo-va-nie ka-pil-la-ditch, in this way eff-fek-ti-ven with le-che-ni for-bo-le-va-ny ser-dech-no-so-su -di-stay si-ste-we (IHD, arrhythmias, ar-te-ri-al-naya hyper-to-niya) and in-ka-zan with sys-stem-nyh for-bo-le -va-no-yah, as well as with pathology of muscles, joints and skin.

Do you know that in order to assess the step-pe-neither from the exact mass of the body ...
... currently, experts suggest measuring the waist: normally for men it should not exceed 94 cm, for women 80 cm; if in men the waist circumference is > 102 cm, and in women > 88 cm - this is for-a-te-tel of the group of rice by expectation.

Do you know that...
... from-but-si-tel-but without-harm-us in from-no-she-nii with-increment in weight fat-ry, so-hold-zha-schi-e-sya in hard-breath cheese. In addition to them, doctors re-ko-men-du-yut include pi-ta-niya in ra-tsi-on and some, at first glance, not under walking fatty food products - such as avo-ka-do, for example.

Do you know that you can help yourself out of the extra kilo-grams if:

bu-de-there is honey-len-but, not pro-gla-you-vaya food right away, but re-re-you-vaya each piece of juice at least 30 times;
in-old-ra-e-those about-ho-dit-sya only in-lo-vin-noy of those portions that you were going to eat;
don’t bu-de-te dis-weak-ly after you-ho-yes from di-e-you - the reduced weight of the body needs to be supported, but this, as a rule, is the hardest of all;
don’t “be-ve-de-te” on advertising stunts like pre-lo-zh-ny-thing-to-do-quickly and without ogres-no-che-ny in food from to -with the power of ze-le-no-go co-fe, cream-leo-sky pi-lyul, etc. -ver-chi-vo-sti de-la-ut money-gi!

Pay attention to the fact that ...
... yes, strict co-blue-de-nie di-e-you pose-in-la-et reduce the level of ho-le-ste-ri-on the blood no more than 10%, and this is an additional half-no-tel-ny ar-gu-ment in favor of not-about-ho-di-mo-sti co-che-ta-nia di-e-you with others -gi-mi me-to-da-mi cor-rec-tion lipid-pid-no-go about me-on.

There is evidence that...
... a series of ex-pe-ri-men-tal-nyh studies-after-before-va-ny in-ka-zya-et: on-requirement of small doses of al-ko-go -la can reduce mortality from coronary artery disease. According to the English in-for-ma-chi-on-no-go center for the quality of health, safe for people the number of uses of the use of len-no-go chi-hundred-go al-ko-go-la - no more than 210 ml in non-de-lu for men and 140 ml for wives -schin under the condition of the su-toch-no-go use no more than 30 g for men and 20 g for women.

However! According to the ex-per-tov VNOK (All-Russian scientific society of cardio-logs), re-ko-men-do-upo-treb-le- the use of even moderate doses of al-ko-go-la with the goal of pro-fi-lac-ti-ki ater-ro-skle-ro-za in Russia is not-tse-le-so -ob-raz-but, because the risk of possible complications-not-niy (al-ko-goal-naya for-vis-si-bridge) is significant-chi-tel-but above-you-sha -there is all-ma co-imaginative benefit.

Do you know that...
... -complex-ny-e-go-meo-pa-ti-che-ski-e-le-kar-stven-ny-e -the means of "EDAS" do not i-me-yut -on-boch -ny actions and not -you-zy-va-yut -when-you-ka-no-I; -co-me-sti-we with other-mi-le-cheb-but-pro-fi-lac-ti-che-ski-mi-means-s-mi. From-start-ka-yut-sya -without re-tep-ta -doctor-cha and -for-ka-for-us to -with-me-no-no-yu at any age. Before-for-the-re-of-the-number-of-len-nyh-properties are-la-is-sya 20-year-old-experience of their success-but-go-with-me-no-no- I'm in -practical-ti-che-sky -me-di-qi-ne.

The regulation of lipid metabolism has a huge impact on the functioning and vital activity of the entire human body. Therefore, in the case when lipid metabolism indicators are abnormal, timely treatment is required.

Unfortunately, most of the most common diseases provoke a violation of lipid metabolism. To detect such failures in the body, the main indicators of lipid metabolism should be taken into account.

In the event that the lipid metabolism of the body is disturbed, a person needs to clearly understand all the dangers and complications that this ailment can entail. It is also necessary to know exactly the causes of its occurrence and the main symptoms of the manifestation of such a disease. If we talk about the most pronounced factors that provoke the appearance of failures in the work of lipids, then they include:

irrational nutrition, consisting of foods containing an excessive amount of "harmful" calories and fats; sedentary lifestyle; signs of aging; nephrological and uremic diseases; complications during pregnancy; diabetes; hereditary predisposition to destabilize such an exchange; pancreatitis and hepatitis.

The primary symptoms of lipid metabolism disorders include various manifestations and changes on the skin throughout the human body. However, confirmation of a correct and verified diagnosis requires a mandatory medical examination and a number of necessary procedures. The initial step in providing a tentative assessment of the status of lipid metabolism is to determine the level of concentration in the blood of both triglycerides and cholesterol.

Knowing that the imbalance of fats in the human body and violations of the process of their absorption leads to very serious dangerous diseases: atherosclerosis, heart attack, destruction of the hormonal background with the ensuing consequences. From a scientific point of view, the course of treatment similar disease is multifaceted and complex nature. So, according to the profiling doctors, the main secret for the effective disposal of this disease is during the conducted preventive program.

At the heart of the most important measures to maintain the stability of lipid metabolism, it is considered "restructuring" one's own lifestyle to new principles of life. The initial stage to establish a stable lipid metabolism in the human body is to change the daily diet. In this case, it is necessary to replace fatty meats, carbonated drinks, excessive sweets, smoked hot spices with more dietary meat dishes, a variety of fruits and vegetables, natural juices and fruit drinks, and of course the use of mineral and purified water.

Refusal of such bad habits such as smoking, alcoholism and taking various narcotic and psychotropic drugs will also allow you to forget about such a terrible health problem. It is possible to achieve favorable results from the preventive program by exercising daily physical activity, even in low saturation (circular rotation of the head, rhythmic foot movements, warm-up for the eyes, as well as tension in the gluteal and calf muscles).

Because the modern life is very full of fuss, disturbing events, moral exhaustion, then every inhabitant of the planet should strive to restore spiritual balance with the help of daily minutes of relaxation and meditation. According to experts, it is the regulation of lipid metabolism that is constantly and completely dependent on normal functioning all cells of the human nervous system. Unfortunately, receiving the wrong medicines, also negatively affects lipid metabolism and the process of fat absorption in the body.

In this regard, attempts at self-treatment should be excluded. It should not be denied that at some stages of lipid metabolism disorders, preventive actions may be helpless, in such cases, immediate medical intervention is required. Professional options for eliminating lipid metabolism disorders include:

taking hypocholesterolemic drugs; the use of statins: pravastatin, rosuvastatin, atorvastatin and others; biological use active additives and nicotinic acid.

However, indications for the use of the above drugs are possible and effective in combination with strict diet therapy. Unfortunately, critical situations drug treatment may be insufficient, then such methods of therapy as apheresis and plasmapheresis are used, as well as bypass surgery of the small intestine.

To date, the most popular various ways cures with traditional medicine. Based on the proven results of numerous laboratory research, it is determined that the level of cholesterol rises due to the destabilization of the water balance in the human body. In this regard, people with this disease are recommended to drink a glass of purified water before each meal.

In addition, among people who have experienced such disruptions in the body, the use of various herbal infusions and decoctions. However, it is worth remembering that such a course of self-treatment is not welcomed by representatives of the medical industry, it also takes a very long time and can harm the body. Analyzing the above, it can be noted that only a timely and comprehensive approach to the appearance of lipid metabolism disorders will allow avoiding a number of complications and other irreversible processes in the human body.

Thus, lipid metabolism, its treatment in particular, requires timeliness and a professional approach. In turn, the stable regulation of lipid metabolism requires the implementation of certain preventive methods.

Metabolism (metabolism) - the totality of all chemical compounds and types of transformations of substances and energy in the body, which ensure its development and vital activity, adaptation to changes in external conditions.

But sometimes the metabolism can be disturbed. What is the reason for such a failure? How to treat it?

What are the symptoms and treatment of metabolic disorders with folk remedies?

What is metabolism? Causes, symptoms

For a healthy existence, the body needs energy. It is derived from proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Metabolism is the process of processing the breakdown of these constituents. It includes:

Assimilation (anabolism). There is a synthesis of organic substances (accumulation of energy). dissimilation (catabolism). Organic matter breaks down and energy is released.

The balance of these two components is an ideal metabolism. If the process of assimilation and dissimilation is disturbed, the metabolic chain is upset.

With the predominance of dissimilation in the body, a person loses weight, if assimilation - gains weight.

These processes in the body proceed depending on the number of calories consumed per day, calories burned, as well as genetics. To impact on genetic features difficult, but revising your diet and adjusting its calorie content is much easier.

genetic predisposition; toxic substances in the body; irregular diet, overeating, the predominance of high-calorie foods of the same type; stress; sedentary lifestyle; load on the body periodically strict diets and breakdowns after them.

Overeating - a discrepancy between energy expenditure and the number of calories consumed per day. If a person has sedentary image life, and he regularly eats buns and chocolates, he will have to change his clothing size very soon.

Nervous disorders can lead to “jamming” of the problem (especially often in women), which will lead to an imbalance in the processes of assimilation and dissimilation.

Lack of protein or deficiency of carbohydrates will also lead to metabolic disorders. Especially with low fluid intake.

Symptoms

Metabolic disorders can be identified by the following signals:

the complexion changes, it becomes unhealthy; the condition of the hair worsens, they become brittle, dry, fall out strongly; weight goes up too fast; weight loss for no reason and changes in diet; thermoregulation of the body changes; insomnia, disturbed sleep; rashes, redness appear on the skin, the skin becomes swollen; there are pains in the joints and muscles.

Complications

If a woman or a man has noticed symptoms of a metabolic failure, they make independent attempts to cleanse the body.

It is unacceptable. Here you need to consult a doctor. Such violations affect the processes associated with fat metabolism.

The liver is not able to cope with large amounts of fat, and low-density lipoproteins and cholesterol begin to accumulate in the body, which can settle on the walls of blood vessels and cause various diseases of cardio-vascular system.

For this reason, you must first consult a doctor.

Diseases associated with metabolic disorders:

Protein metabolism is disturbed. Protein starvation provokes kwashiorkor (unbalanced deficiency), alimentary dystrophy(balanced deficiency), bowel disease. If the protein enters the body in excess, the work of the liver and kidneys will be disrupted, neurosis and overexcitation will occur, and urolithiasis disease and gout. Fat metabolism is disturbed. Excess fat causes obesity. If there is not enough fat in the diet, growth will slow down, weight loss will occur, the skin will become dry due to a deficiency of vitamins A, E, cholesterol levels will rise, bleeding will appear. violated carbohydrate metabolism . Often, against the background of such a pathology, diabetes mellitus appears, which occurs when there is a lack of insulin during a period of failure of carbohydrate metabolism. violated vitamin metabolism . An excess of vitamins (hypervitaminosis) has a toxic effect on the body, and their deficiency (hypovitaminosis) leads to diseases of the digestive tract, chronic fatigue, irritability, drowsiness, loss of appetite. violated mineral metabolism . A deficiency of minerals leads to a number of pathologies: a lack of iodine provokes thyroid diseases, fluorine - the development of caries, calcium - muscle weakness and deterioration of bones, potassium - arrhythmia, iron - anemia. With an excess of potassium, nephritis may appear, with an excess of iron, kidney disease, and excess consumption salt leads to a deterioration in the condition of the kidneys, blood vessels, heart. Gierke's disease. Glycogen accumulates in excess in body tissues. It is characterized by a lack of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. It is necessary for the breakdown of glycogen, which, on the contrary, accumulates. This congenital disease is often found in infancy and presents with stunting, protrusion of the abdomen due to the large size of the liver, and low blood sugar. Diet is the only way. It is recommended to add glucose to the diet. With age, the condition of the child will gradually improve. Gout and gouty arthritis . it chronic diseases that cause disturbances in the metabolism of endogenous uric acid. Its salts are deposited in cartilage, especially articular, in the kidneys, causing inflammation and swelling. The diet prevents the accumulation of salts. Endocrine functions are disturbed. Hormones control many metabolic processes. Dysfunction of the endocrine glands leads to metabolic disorders. Phenylketonuria. Genetic mental retardation, which is due to a lack of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. It converts the amino acids phenylalanine to tyrosine. If phenylalanine accumulates, it will have a toxic effect on brain tissue. It occurs in newborns with a frequency of 1 sick child per 20,000. Gender does not matter, but the pathology is most common among Europeans. Outwardly, newborns are healthy, but mental retardation will manifest itself by 3-4 months. Children will develop well physically and further, but not psychologically. Early diagnosis overly important. The disease can be detected even on the first day of life according to the results of a blood or urine test. Treat her with a diet. All common protein foods contain phenylalanine. For this reason, you need to eat synthetic foods that are devoid of this amino acid.

How to treat metabolic disorders in the body at home?

Treatment

Therapy of any pathology begins with the elimination of the causes that caused it. It is necessary to adjust the daily diet and diet, reduce the amount of carbohydrates and fats consumed.

Patients regulate the mode of rest and wakefulness, try to avoid stress or respond calmly to them. Many begin to play sports, which will help increase the energy consumption of the body and give it vigor.

These measures will help eliminate metabolic disorders, if they are not complicated by genetics or other factors.

If the problem has gone too far, a person cannot do without medical help.. If a pathological changes have already appeared in the organs, the patient must undergo a course of treatment.

It could be hormone therapy at hormonal imbalance, thyroid medicines if thyroid function is impaired, or insulin for diabetes.

In case of serious pathologies of the thyroid gland or pituitary adenoma, surgical intervention is performed.

What to do in case of metabolic disorders?

Healing Fitness

Muscular activity has a significant impact on metabolism. Exercise therapy for metabolic disorders:

increases the energy costs of the body; enhances metabolism; restores motor-visceral reflexes that regulate metabolism; tones the central nervous system; increases the activity of endocrine glands.

Exercise therapy is prescribed individually for each patient, taking into account the reasons that caused metabolic disorders. First, the patient must adapt to moderately rising physical activity. Gymnastic exercises, dosed walking and self-massage are prescribed.

Then the classes additionally include daily walks, the length of which is gradually increased to 10 km, hiking, running, skiing, swimming, rowing, and other exercises.

Exercise therapy is very effective for obesity. Physiotherapy with such a pathology should last at least an hour.

They use movements with a large amplitude, wide swings of the limbs, circular movements in large joints, exercises with moderate weights. Tilts, turns, rotations are useful.

These exercises increase mobility. spinal column. Need exercises that will strengthen the abdominal muscles. Dumbbells, stuffed and inflatable balls, expanders, gymnastic sticks should be used.

Slow running as the main form of exercise is switched over after the patient has adapted to long walks. Running for 100-200 m is alternated with walking, after a segment of the run they increase to 400-600 m.

After 3 months, they switch to a long continuous run, the time is adjusted to 20-30 minutes a day, and the speed is up to 5-7 km / h.

Massage

Massage for metabolic disorders is effective for obesity, diabetes, gout. Massage shrinks body fat in certain parts of the body and stimulates lymph and blood circulation.

Massage should be done in the morning after breakfast or before lunch. Percussion techniques with weakened abdominal muscles cannot be carried out. If the patient's condition worsens during the session, the procedure is stopped. The intensity of the massage is increased gradually. General massage carried out 1-2 times a week. Patients need passive rest before and after the procedure, for 15-20 minutes. The effect increases when performing a massage in a bath or steam room. But first you need to consult a doctor. The effect of the procedure is enhanced after a long diet.

With advanced obesity, when the patient cannot lie on his stomach and suffers from shortness of breath, he lies on his back. A roller is placed under his head and knees.

Massage first lower extremities. Then stroking, rubbing, vibrations are used, which alternate with kneading, clasping stroking the surface of the lower extremities, the direction from the foot to the pelvis.

How to lose weight and improve metabolism through nutrition?

Food

A diet in case of metabolic disorders is able to restore the balance between assimilation and dissimilation. Basic Rules:

Food is eaten frequently. The interval between doses is 2-3 hours. If the intervals are longer, the body will store fat. Only light food normalizes metabolism. Salads, vegetable soup, yogurt, fish, vegetables - easily digestible foods. Dinner should be easy. After that, you should take a walk. Fish is a must in the diet. Contains omega-3 fatty acids. They help produce enzymes that help break down fats and prevent their deposits. Tea, coffee or spicy foods do not affect the metabolic rate. Norm of use pure water- two and a half liters a day. Drink it should be half an hour before meals and one hour after.

What food should be excluded from the diet in case of a disease associated with metabolic disorders?

With obesity exclude:

products from wheat flour premium and first grade, rich and puff pastry; dairy, potato, cereal, bean soups, soups with pasta; fatty meat, goose, duck, ham, sausages, boiled and smoked sausages, canned food; fatty cottage cheese, sweet curds, cream, sweet yogurt, fermented baked milk, baked milk, fatty cheeses; scrambled eggs rice, semolina, oatmeal; sauces, mayonnaise, spices; grapes, raisins, bananas, figs, dates, other very sweet fruits; sugar and foods with a lot of sugar in the composition; jam, honey, ice cream, jelly; sweet juices, cocoa; meat and cooking fats.

Refusal of these products will also be a good prevention for many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The daily caloric intake of consumed products is 1700-1800 kcal.

Recommendations for avoiding foods in diabetes are generally the same. But daily calorie content can be increased to 2500 kcal. Allow bread and others flour products, milk and low-fat dairy products, moderately spicy sauces.

A person should not consume a lot of fat.

It needs only omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are found in vegetable oils. walnuts, linseed, rapeseed, marine fish oils.

Olive oil - optimal product neutral effect on metabolism.

You should limit the use of oils from the omega-6 group (corn, sunflower), solid saturated fats. This diet should be followed for many years.

Folk remedies

The following recipes will help to cope with impaired metabolism:

Two teaspoons of leaves walnut pour a glass of boiling water, insist an hour. Filter, take half a glass 4 times a day before meals. 100 g immortelle, St. John's wort, birch buds, chamomile flowers are crushed, put in glass jar, tightly close, pour a tablespoon of the mixture with 500 ml of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, filter through gauze, squeeze a little. Drink before bed. In the morning, the remaining infusion is drunk on an empty stomach with a teaspoon of honey. Take a course every 5 years. 350 g garlic, grated. 200 g of mass (taken from below, where there is more juice) is poured into 200 ml of alcohol, put in a dark, cool place. After 10 days, filter and squeeze. They drink the tincture after three days according to the scheme: increase the dose every day from two drops to 25, the duration of the course is 11 days. A part of verbena, 2 parts of a string, black elder flowers, walnut leaves, burdock leaves and root, hop cones, birch leaves, strawberry leaves, yasnitka grass, licorice root pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist. Drink in the intervals between meals and at night, a glass a day.

The use of all the above means should be agreed with the doctor.

Metabolism in the body largely depends on individual factors, including hereditary ones. Improper lifestyle and lack of mobility lead to the fact that the body can no longer cope with its tasks, there is a slowdown in metabolic processes. As a result, waste products do not leave the body as effectively, many toxins and toxins remain in the tissues for a long time, and even tend to accumulate. What are the causes of the disorder, and how to get rid of them?

Can a violation of the processes in the body provoke weight gain?

essence metabolic processes organism - a number of specific chemical reactions, due to which the functioning of all organs is ensured and biological systems. Metabolism consists of two processes that are opposite in their meaning - this is anabolism and catabolism. In the first case, complex compounds are formed from simpler ones, in the second case, complex organic matter is split into simpler components. Naturally, the synthesis of new complex compounds requires large energy costs, which are replenished during catabolism.

The regulation of metabolic processes occurs under the influence of enzymes, hormones and other active components. In the natural course of metabolic processes, disturbances may occur, including those leading to excessive weight gain. Return normal metabolism without application medicines almost impossible. Before you lose weight, you must always consult with an endocrinologist.

In most cases, excess weight is not due to endocrine disorders - they account for only about 10 percent of cases. Situations are common when there are no disorders with hormones, when tests do not show any deviations from normal values but at the same time get rid of excess weight fails. The reason is a slowdown in metabolism and not proper nutrition.

Reasons for slowing down metabolic processes in the body

One of the common factors is the desire of a person to get rid of excess weight as quickly as possible, regardless of the consequences. For example, these can be diets that involve a drastic change in diet and a switch to low-calorie foods. For the body, such diets are a huge stress, and therefore, very often they cannot do without certain disorders.

Even if the diet is successful and the desired body weight is achieved, then it will be much more difficult to lose weight, and the problem will always only get worse. Previously effective diets cease to give the desired result, it becomes more difficult to maintain the shape, or even impossible in principle. All this indicates a slowdown in metabolic processes, and it is necessary to normalize them, return them to their original values.

Recovery processes will take a lot of time and effort, but such activities will certainly give positive results. If you plan to reduce body weight, with a normal metabolism, it will be easier to do this, and with a long-term effect without any extraordinary effort. In order not to harm the body, it is worth eating quite often, but little by little.

Lipid metabolism: what indicates violations?

Normal lipid metabolism prevents damage, contributes to the replenishment of the body's energy reserves, provides heating and thermal insulation. internal organs. An additional function in women is to help the body produce a number of hormones (mainly related to ensuring the functioning of the reproductive system).

With a number of disorders, it may turn out that there will be an excessive amount of lipids in the body. This is indicated by atherosclerotic processes, high cholesterol in the blood, a sharp set of excess weight. Violations can be caused by pathologies of the endocrine system, wrong mode food and diet, diabetes. To accurately understand the problem, you should consult a doctor and undergo appropriate examinations.

There is also a reverse process, when there are too few lipids. In women, this can be expressed in failures of the menstrual cycle, in women and men - in strong fallout hair and various inflammations of the skin. As a result, a person is exhausted, kidney problems may begin. Most often, the problem is observed with malnutrition or with prolonged fasting. Also, the cause can be diseases of the digestive and cardiovascular systems.

Many people for fast weight loss resort to special diets that can make the metabolism faster for a while. On the body, this is reflected not only by weight loss, but also by many harmful effects. Fats are a store of energy “for later,” and nutritional stress only increases the body’s desire to save and put off any excess calories. Even if the diet gives a short-term positive effect, even a short-term refusal of the diet will return the kilograms back, and it will be even more difficult to lose them again.

You can restore the natural metabolism with the help of medicines. The most common drugs are described below.

Medicines to improve metabolism

Many drugs have been developed that can contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes in the body. Independent use of these drugs is not allowed - a preliminary consultation with a doctor (nutritionist) is always necessary. It is worth paying attention to the following drugs:

Oxandrolone and Methylandrostenediol are steroids, thanks to which muscles grow faster and less fat is deposited. Apply with extreme caution!
Reduxin - can be taken after a small meal to get a full feeling of satiety and thereby avoid stress.
Orsoten and Xenical are medicines that prevent the absorption of fats.
Glucophage is a means to accelerate and enhance lipid metabolism.
Formavit, Metaboline - means of regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.

There are many other ways to normalize metabolism, including the use of certain foods. Key product recommendations are listed below.

Nuts, fish, chicken, milk, cottage cheese (low-fat or fat-free), as well as vegetables, berries and fruits can have a positive effect. Even tea and coffee can be helpful as they are stimulants. Some spices also have a positive effect, but they should be used in moderation. The following are the main useful material in the products:

Do not neglect iodine. Metabolism largely depends on the functioning of the thyroid gland, but for many people this organ is problematic, up to surgery to remove it. Seafood contributes well to improving the functioning of the thyroid gland.

Folk remedies to speed up metabolism

If there is a suspicion of improper functioning of the metabolism, you should consult a doctor to determine accurate diagnosis and prescription of treatment. As a rule, the treatment is medical, but it must be combined with various physical procedures. You can also refer to the experience of traditional medicine, many natural remedies may be a good addition to medications. This includes the following fees:

A mixture of chamomile, hawthorn, St. John's wort and knotweed (water infusion).
Separately - Ivan tea, horsetail, strawberry leaves and stems, plantain leaves, viburnum.
Various combinations medicinal herbs with dandelion.

Can't be considered traditional medicine as a complete replacement for traditional medicine. All of these methods can only be considered as auxiliary, or as preventive.

Diet to improve metabolism

A huge number of special metabolic diets have been developed, most of which boil down to increasing the body's calorie expenditure by eating certain products. It turns out that you can give up unnecessary restrictions on food, but still lose weight. A set of products is usually offered as follows: fatty fish, hot peppers, seaweed, coffee, leafy vegetables, tomatoes, grain bread, fruits - mostly citrus fruits, animal proteins, green tea.

All of these products are used in various quantities and combinations throughout the week. The exact menu can be found by opening the description of a specific diet.

Accept special vitamin complexes in small doses. Vitamins are biologically active compounds, they are involved in many processes occurring in the body, provide normal exchange substances. The most common means:

B6 and B12 are a good addition to metabolic diets.
B4 - very important in diets with low content calories, helps clear cholesterol.
B8 - keeps cholesterol levels, accelerates metabolic processes (especially in combination with B4).
C - prevents excessive accumulation of glucose, contributes to the overall normalization of the body.
A - improves the absorption of iodine, has a positive effect on the thyroid gland.
D - is necessary for the intensive growth of muscle tissue.

Also, products such as folic acid and Omega-3 are well suited to normalize metabolism, maintain immunity and cleanse the body of toxins and toxins.

Biostimulants to enhance metabolism

Despite the "serious" name, biostimulants are the most common substances, many of which are found in daily diet. These include linoleic acid(CLA), zinc, kahetin, selenium, capsaicin, caffeine. All of them are contained in products that can be bought at any store. It is only necessary to choose options in which biostimulants are contained maximum amount. In the case of caffeine, you should stop drinking coffee as a beverage while taking caffeine supplements.

Useful tips to speed up metabolism you will find in the following video:

Restore metabolism and restore health

In the long term, a metabolic disorder can lead to weight gain and a host of health problems. There are many ways not only to restore, but also to speed up metabolism, but doctors do not recommend the second option - you should not do what nature did not originally intend. As for the restoration of metabolism to an optimal level, then this can and should be done - this best way improve health and cleanse the body.

In contact with

lipid metabolism is the process by which fatty acids are digested, broken down to generate energy or stored in the body as a source of energy for future use. Fatty acids are components of triglycerides, which make up most of the fats consumed by humans in foods such as vegetable oils and products of animal origin. Triglycerides are found in blood vessels or stored for future use as an energy source in adipose tissue cells, better known as body fat, as well as in liver cells.

Although carbohydrates are the main source of energy, when their reserves are depleted, the breakdown and use of fatty acids in triglycerides as a reserve energy source begins. For example, the body draws energy from fat when performing exercise when glycogen stores (or a form of carbohydrate-derived glucose that is suitable for storage) are running out, or when there is not enough carbohydrate in the diet to meet the body's energy needs.

Remember, fat itself is not excreted from the body ...

Triglycerides, also known as lipids or fats, are a good source of energy because each gram contains 9 calories (37 kilojoules), while carbohydrates have only 4 calories (17 kilojoules) per gram.

Since calories are units of energy, fats are considered energy intensive. nutrients. Triglycerides are made up of three fatty acid chains linked to a hydrogen-containing compound called glycerol. When the body requires additional calories, these fatty acids are released during fat metabolism.

Where does fat metabolism begin in the body ...

The first step in fat metabolism is the consumption and absorption of triglycerides, which are found in both plant foods such as olives, nuts and avocados and animal foods such as meat, eggs and dairy products.

These fats enter the intestine through the digestive tract, but they cannot be absorbed in it in the form of triglycerides. Therefore, they are broken down by an enzyme called lipase into fatty acids, most often monoglycerides, which are a single chain of fatty acids connected to glycerol. The broken down triglycerides are then absorbed into the body via the intestines and revert to their original form before being transported to the lymphatic system via chylomicrons, a type of cholesterol-like substance known as lipoproteins.

From the lymphatic system, triglycerides enter the bloodstream, where the process of fat metabolism can be completed in one of three ways - triglycerides are either transported to the liver, or to muscle cells, or to fat cells, where they are either stored or used as an energy source. If they enter the liver cells, they are converted into "bad" cholesterol, known as very low density lipoproteins, and released into the bloodstream, where they transport other lipids. Triglycerides that enter muscle cells can be oxidized in the mitochondria of those cells and used for energy production, while those that end up in fat cells are stored until they are needed later. This leads to an increase in the size of fat cells, which manifests itself as more body fat.

It's time to move on to a finer adjustment of the athlete's nutrition. Understanding all the nuances of metabolism is the key to sports achievements. Fine-tuning allows you to move away from classic dietary formulas and tailor nutrition to your individual needs, achieving the fastest and most lasting results in training and competition. So, let's study the most controversial aspect of modern nutrition - fat metabolism.

General information

Scientific fact: fats are digested and broken down in our body very selectively. So, in the human digestive tract there are simply no enzymes capable of digesting trans fats. Liver infiltrate just wants to get them out of the body the shortest way. Perhaps everyone knows that if you eat a lot of fatty foods, it causes nausea.

A constant excess of fat leads to such consequences as:

diarrhea;
indigestion;
pancreatitis;
rashes on the face;
apathy, weakness and fatigue;
the so-called "fat hangover".

On the other hand, the balance of fatty acids in the body is extremely important for achieving athletic performance - in particular in terms of increasing endurance and strength. In the process of lipid metabolism, all body systems are regulated, including hormonal and genetic ones.

Let's take a closer look at which fats are good for our body, and how to use them so that they help achieve the desired result.

Types of fats

The main types of fatty acids that enter our body:

simple;
complex;
arbitrary.

According to another classification, fats are divided into monounsaturated and polyunsaturated (for example, here in detail about) fatty acids. These are healthy fats. There are also saturated fatty acids, as well as trans fats: these are harmful compounds that prevent the absorption of essential fatty acids, impede the transport of amino acids, and stimulate catabolic processes. In other words, neither athletes nor ordinary people need such fats.

Simple

To begin with, consider the most dangerous but, at the same time, – The most common fats that enter our body are simple fatty acids.

What is their peculiarity: they break down under the influence of any external acid, including gastric juice, into ethanol and unsaturated fatty acids.

In addition, it is these fats that become a source of cheap energy in the body. They are formed as a result of the conversion of carbohydrates in the liver. This process develops in two directions - either towards the synthesis of glycogen, or towards the growth of adipose tissue. Such tissue is almost entirely composed of oxidized glucose, so that in a critical situation the body can quickly synthesize energy from it.

Simple fats are most dangerous for an athlete:

The simple structure of fats practically does not load the gastrointestinal tract and hormonal system. As a result, a person easily receives an excess load of calories, which leads to weight gain.
When they break down, alcohol poisoning the body is released, which is hardly metabolized and leads to a deterioration in overall well-being.
They are transported without the help of additional transport proteins, which means that they can stick to the walls of blood vessels, which is fraught with the formation cholesterol plaques.

Learn more about foods that are metabolized in simple fats, see the Products table.

Complex

Complex fats of animal origin with proper nutrition are included in the compositions muscle tissue. Unlike their predecessors, these are multimolecular compounds.

We list the main features of complex fats in terms of their effect on the athlete's body:

Complex fats are practically not metabolized without the help of free transport proteins.
With proper fat balance in the body, complex fats are metabolized with the release of useful cholesterol.
They are practically not deposited in the form of cholesterol plaques on the walls of blood vessels.
With complex fats, it is impossible to get an excess of calories - if complex fats are metabolized in the body without insulin opening the transport depot, which causes a decrease in blood glucose.
Complex fats stress the liver cells, which can lead to intestinal imbalance and dysbacteriosis.
The process of splitting complex fats leads to an increase in acidity, which negatively affects general condition Gastrointestinal tract and is fraught with the development of gastritis and peptic ulcer.

At the same time, fatty acids with a multimolecular structure contain radicals linked by lipid bonds, which means that they can be denatured to the state of free radicals under the influence of temperature. In moderation, complex fats are good for the athlete, but don't overcook them. In this case, they are metabolized into simple fats with the release huge amount free radicals (potential carcinogens).

Arbitrary

Voluntary fats are fats with a hybrid structure. For an athlete, these are the most beneficial fats.

In most cases, the body is able to convert complex fats into arbitrary ones on its own. However, in the process of lipid reformulation, alcohols and free radicals are released.

Consuming arbitrary fats:

reduces the likelihood of free radical formation;
reduces the likelihood of cholesterol plaques;
positively affects the synthesis of beneficial hormones;
practically does not load the digestive system;
does not lead to an excess of calories;
do not cause an influx of additional acid.

Despite many useful properties, polyunsaturated acids (in fact, these are arbitrary fats) are easily metabolized into simple fats, and complex structures, having a lack of molecules - are easily metabolized into free radicals, obtaining a complete structure from glucose molecules.

What does an athlete need to know?

And now let's move on to what an athlete needs to know about lipid metabolism in the body from the entire course of biochemistry:

Paragraph 1. Classical nutrition, not adapted for sports needs, contains many simple fatty acid molecules. This is bad. Conclusion: drastically reduce the intake of fatty acids and stop frying in oil.

Point 2. Under the influence of heat treatment, polyunsaturated acids break down into simple fats. Conclusion: replace fried food with baked food. The main source of fats should be vegetable oils - fill salads with them.

Point 3. Do not consume fatty acids along with carbohydrates. Under the influence of insulin, fats, practically without the influence of transport proteins in their complete structure, enter the lipid depot. In the future, even with fat burning processes, they will release ethyl alcohol, and this is an additional blow to metabolism.

And now about the benefits of fats:

Fats must be consumed necessarily, as they lubricate the joints and ligaments.
In the process of fat metabolism, the synthesis of basic hormones occurs.
To create a positive anabolic background, you need to maintain a balance of polyunsaturated omega 3, omega 6 and omega 9 fats in the body.

To achieve the right balance, you need to limit your total calorie intake from fat to 20% in relation to your overall meal plan. At the same time, it is important to take them in conjunction with protein products, and not with carbohydrates. In this case, transporters that will be synthesized in an acidic environment gastric juice, will be able to metabolize excess fat almost immediately, removing it from the circulatory system and digesting it to the end product of the body's vital activity.

Product table

Product	Omega 3	Omega 6	Omega-3: Omega-6
Spinach (cooked)	—	0.1
Spinach	—	0.1	Residual moments, less than a milligram
fresh	1.058	0.114	1: 0.11
oysters	0.840	0.041	1: 0.04
	0.144 - 1.554	0.010 — 0.058	1: 0.005 – 1: 0.40
Pacific cod	0.111	0.008	1: 0.04
Fresh Pacific Mackerel	1.514	0.115	1: 0.08
Fresh Atlantic Mackerel	1.580	0.1111	1: 0. 08
pacific fresh	1.418	0.1111	1: 0.08
Beetroot. poached	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram
Atlantic sardines	1.480	0.110	1: 0.08
Swordfish	0.815	0.040	1: 0.04
Rapeseed liquid fat in the form of oil	14.504	11.148	1: 1.8
Palm liquid fat in the form of oil	11.100	0.100	1: 45
Fresh halibut	0.5511	0.048	1: 0.05
Olive liquid fat in the form of oil	11.854	0.851	1: 14
fresh atlantic eel	0.554	0.1115	1: 0.40
Atlantic scallop	0.4115	0.004	1: 0.01
Sea shellfish	0.4115	0.041	1: 0.08
Liquid fat in the form of macadamia oil	1.400	0	No Omega 3
Liquid fat in the form of linseed oil	11.801	54.400	1: 0.1
Liquid fat in the form of hazelnut oil	10.101	0	No Omega 3
Liquid fat in the form of avocado oil	11.541	0.1158	1: 14
Salmon, canned	1.414	0.151	1: 0.11
Atlantic salmon. farm grown	1.505	0.1181	1: 0.411
salmon atlantic atlantic	1.585	0.181	1: 0.05
Turnip leaf elements. poached	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram
Dandelion leaf elements. poached	—	0.1	Residual moments, less than a milligram
Stewed chard leaves	—	0.0	Residual moments, less than a milligram
fresh red lettuce leaves	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram
	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram
Fresh yellow lettuce leaf elements	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram
Collard kale. stewed	—	0.1	0.1
Kuban sunflower liquid fat in the form of oil (oleic acid content 80% and above)	4.505	0.1111	1: 111
Shrimps	0.501	0.018	1: 0.05
Coconut liquid fat in the form of oil	1.800	0	No Omega 3
Cale. poached	—	0.1	0.1
Flounder	0.554	0.008	1: 0.1
Cocoa liquid fat in the form of butter	1.800	0.100	1: 18
Black caviar and	5.8811	0.081	1: 0.01
Mustard leaf elements. poached	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram
fresh boston salad	—	Residual moments, less than a milligram	Residual moments, less than a milligram

Outcome

So, the recommendation of all times and peoples to “eat less fat” is only partly true. Some fatty acids are simply irreplaceable and must be included in the diet of an athlete. To properly understand how an athlete consumes fats, here is a story:

A young athlete approaches the trainer and asks: how to eat fats correctly? The coach replies: don't eat fat. After that, the athlete understands that fats are harmful to the body and learns to plan his diet without lipids. Then he finds loopholes where the use of lipids is justified. He is learning how to create the perfect meal plan with variable fats. And when he becomes a coach himself, and a young athlete comes up to him and asks how to eat fats, he also answers: do not eat fats.