Cheap cough tablets instructions for use. Cough tablets - instructions, use, action

Cough is defensive reaction and often appears in healthy children, but when it is a symptom of any disease, the cough begins to torment the child and requires treatment. Among the medications prescribed for coughs, syrups and mixtures are the leading ones, but there are also medications in the form of tablets.

Operating principle

Depending on the effect that appears on children's body, cough tablets are:

• Antitussives. They affect the brain, in particular the cough center, inhibiting its activity. Such tablets can have a narcotic effect (these drugs are used extremely rarely in children and are not sold without a prescription) and non-narcotic (such medications are taken after consulting a doctor, they are not addictive).
• Expectorants. Medicines in this group intensify cough, helping to quickly rid the child’s body of excess phlegm, bacteria and viruses. These can be tablets with thermopsis, marshmallow and other herbal ingredients that have an expectorant effect.
• Mucolytics. Such drugs affect the sputum itself, as a result of which it becomes liquefied and is better coughed up by a sick child.
• Antihistamines. Tablets of this group are prescribed in situations where the cause of cough is associated with allergies. Selection suitable remedy It's better to trust a doctor.

Antitussives eliminate coughing attacks by affecting the brain

Expectorant tablets provide mucus removal for normal functioning respiratory tract

Mucolytics thin mucus and facilitate its removal from the lungs

Antihistamines eliminate allergic cough

Review of effective tablets

Since different groups of medications in the form of tablets are used to treat cough, it is important to consult a doctor before taking them. The pediatrician will examine the baby, determine the cause of the cough and its type, and then prescribe treatment based on age, because a 7-year-old child can be prescribed only medications, for younger children the list of medications is reduced, and for older children it is expanded. Let's consider the most effective tablets From cough.

For dry cough

If a child suffers from attacks of dry cough, he may be prescribed the following tablets:

• Codelac. An antitussive drug that reduces the excitability of the cough center and facilitates expectoration of sputum. It contains thermopsis, licorice, sodium bicarbonate and codeine. Appointed from 2 years of age.
• Libexin. An anti-cough drug with peripheral action that reduces the sensitivity of receptors in the respiratory tract and dilates the bronchi. In childhood, it is prescribed with caution and taking into account the child’s body weight.
• Terpincode. A product that combines terpene hydrate, codeine and sodium bicarbonate. This medicine has an antitussive effect and expectorant effect. Prescribed for children over 12 years of age.
• Stoptussin. An antitussive medicine that reduces the excitability of bronchial receptors and activates mucus production. Appointed from age 12.
• Omnitus. An anti-cough drug with a central effect, as well as a moderate anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator effect. Tablets with 20 mg of active substance are prescribed from 6 years of age.
• Tusuprex. The medicine acts on the cough center without a narcotic effect. It is prescribed in exceptional cases to children from the age of two.

For wet cough

If your baby’s cough has become productive, the doctor will recommend mucolytics and expectorants, for example:

• Mukaltin. The main substance of such tablets is an extract from marshmallow, which is supplemented with sodium bicarbonate. The drug has an expectorant, enveloping and anti-inflammatory effect. It is prescribed from the age of 3, while for young children it is crushed into powder and then mixed with water.
• Thermopsol. A product containing thermopsis herb and sodium bicarbonate. Reflexively affects the bronchi, stimulating the production of sputum and its expectoration. Dosage for of different ages the doctor selects.
• Ambroxol. This drug has a mucolytic effect. The tablet form is prescribed to children from 12 years of age.
• Bromhexine. This medicine has both an expectorant and mucolytic effect. Appointed from 3 years of age.
• Lazolvan, Ambrobene and Flavamed. These drugs contain ambroxol, so the drugs are classified as mucolytics. Such tablets are prescribed from the age of 12.
• Ascoril. A combined drug with bronchodilator, mucolytic and expectorant effects. Appointed from 6 years of age.
• Pectusin. The basis of this drug contains Eucalyptus oil and menthol, so of this medicine there is a distracting, antitussive and anti-inflammatory effect. Children are prescribed from 7 years of age.

Dosage

The medicine is prescribed to children over 12 years old, half a tablet or whole tablet for one appointment.

Instructions for use

The frequency of taking cough tablets is 3 times a day, and the duration of use is 3-5 days. The tablet should be swallowed and washed down with a small amount of water.

Treatment tips various tablets From cough:

• When treating a cough, it is important to give your baby more warm drinks and humidify the air in the room. Such measures will further soften the mucus and help make the cough moist.
• The simultaneous use of antitussive drugs with drugs that have a mucolytic or expectorant effect is prohibited. This can worsen the condition of a coughing child, causing serious complications from the respiratory system.
• If you are trying to cure a cough on your own, but your child’s condition does not improve within two or three days, be sure to show your baby to a doctor. You also need to urgently call a doctor if night attacks occur. barking cough, breathing problems, high fever, pus or blood in the sputum.

Simple and effective method Eliminate a cough or make it productive - these are the so-called “cough tablets.” This is a simple and effective drug for plant based. This is a time-tested remedy based on soda and thermopsis herb extract, which has a pronounced expectorant and mucolytic effect. This drug is most effective when acute bronchitis and tracheitis, as well as others infectious diseases respiratory tract. An important advantage of this drug is the safety of use and affordable price.

What are “Cough Tablets”

“Cough tablets” cannot be used in combination with drugs that block the cough reflex.

“Cough tablets” are a combination herbal preparation. The main active ingredients providing rapid improvement are:

• thermopsis lanceolate herb extract;
• sodium hydrochloride ( baking soda);
• codeine;
• licorice herb;
• potato starch;
• talc.

Thermopsis grass (also made from it) helps effective liquefaction and easy removal of sputum. Additionally, it has a mild stimulating effect on the gastric mucosa, while simultaneously irritating the bronchial mucosa. It helps make a debilitating dry cough productive by preventing phlegm from stagnating in the lungs.

In order for the effect of “Cough Tablets” to have maximum effect, you need to drink as much warm liquid as possible. This helps make the mucus thinner and makes it easier to remove.

Licorice root extract has not only mucolytic, but also anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effects. It softens the inflamed mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and promotes their speedy healing. Codeine “turns off” the cough center in the brain, helping to get rid of an unproductive dry cough. At the same time, it has a mild analgesic and calming effect.

Preparations based on thermopsis herb are contraindicated during pregnancy, as it increases the tone of the uterine muscles.

Another component is sodium bicarbonate, or regular baking soda. It effectively softens the mucous membrane and helps with easy discharge of sputum. An important advantage of “Cough Tablets” is the absence of any dyes, flavors and other additives. Licorice root extract acts as a natural sweetener.

“Cough tablets” do not contain sugar, so they can be used for diabetes.

Dosage forms

The drug is available in the form of flat-cylindrical tablets with a longitudinal chamfer. The tablets are greenish-gray in color with dark inclusions. Available in packs of 10 tablets, in paper packaging, cell contour or non-cell contour.

The tablets have a characteristic sweet and sour taste, which is why children like them.

The tablets are easily absorbed by the gastric mucosa, so the maximum effect occurs after 30 minutes. The effect of the drug can last from 2 to 6 hours, after which it is easily excreted not only through the kidneys, but also through the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract.

The drug does not affect concentration, so it can be used while operating machinery.

pharmachologic effect

The drug has a combined effect. It refers to pharmacological group secretolytics and stimulants of motor function of the muscles of the bronchial tree.

The drug cannot be used simultaneously with other cough suppressants, that is, those that suppress the cough reflex.

It can be used equally effectively for treatment. Thanks to the active substances contained in the thermopsis herb, such as parhicarpine, anagyrin and methylcystisine, the drug improves the secretion of the bronchial glands and the excitation respiratory center.

Due to this, “Cough Tablets” are perfect as part of therapy for diseases of the respiratory tract with thick, viscous, difficult to separate sputum. The drug does not create additional load on digestive tract, since all its components are perfectly absorbed in the stomach.

The drug has a stimulating effect on the cough center in the brain, which ensures effective coughing up of phlegm.

Indications and contraindications for use

“Cough tablets” are a drug combined action plant based. This makes it ideal for treating such inflammatory diseases, How:

• tracheitis;
• pharyngobronchitis;

The drug should be taken at the first symptoms of the disease, after consulting with your doctor. This will help speed up recovery and also avoid unwanted complications.

The drug contains codeine, so it cannot be used for longer than 5 days. This may cause dependence on the medicine.

If coughing attacks get worse at night, you should take the tablet just before bed.

The drug is prescribed to children only from 12 years of age. The recommended dosage is ½ tablet 3 times a day. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe treatment adult dosage.

Despite the fact that “cough tablets” can be bought without a prescription, you should not use it for self-medication. It should be taken only as prescribed by your doctor.

Despite the safety and effectiveness of the drug, it has many contraindications for use.“Cough tablets” should absolutely not be used for:

• bronchial asthma;
• peptic ulcer stomach or duodenum(during the period of exacerbation);
• tuberculosis;
• lung cancer;
• individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

The duration of treatment with the drug should not be more than 10 days. This is due to possible addiction to the drug.

During pregnancy

The drug cannot be used during breastfeeding. This is due to the fact that the thermopsis grass included in its composition contains active substance parhikapin. It is capable of causing active contraction of the smooth muscles of the uterus, which leads to its increased tone.

The components of the drug are able to penetrate into breast milk. Therefore, it should not be used during breastfeeding.

Please note that the doctor may decide on the need for treatment with the drug in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy. At the same time, it is possible useful action must exceed the harm to the child.

For small children

Cough tablets should not be used to treat children under 12 years of age. This is due to the fact that the drug contains codeine. It is also not recommended for children due to the active alkaloids contained in thermopsis grass, such as parhicapine.

Possible complications caused by the drug

In case of an overdose of the drug, the following may occur: undesirable consequences, How:

• nausea;
• vomit.

If these symptoms appear, treatment with the drug should be stopped immediately and seek help from a doctor. As symptomatic treatment Gastric lavage is used, after which enterosorbents are prescribed. The drug may cause such side symptoms, How allergic reaction on the components of the drug. In this case, treatment should be stopped immediately.

Video

conclusions

“Cough tablets” are a combination of herbal remedies. It is ideal for the treatment of lower respiratory tract diseases. The main problem in this case becomes.
It is safe to use and has pleasant taste. Another important advantage of using this product is its affordable price. However, it is no less effective than expensive means From cough.

If a person decides to choose simple cough tablets for treatment, the instructions for their use should be carefully studied. Tablets help reduce coughing attacks and speed up recovery, but it is worth keeping in mind that you need to choose the right tablets.

Causes of cough

Coughing is a reflex that helps rid the body of microorganisms and mucus accumulated in the bronchi and trachea. The causes of cough are different. It could be:

• allergy;
• colds;
• foreign body;
• smoking;
• mechanical or chemical influence.

In case of mechanical or chemical influence, you simply need to eliminate the irritant. If unpleasant symptom occurred due to smoke, you must leave the room in which there is smoke. Cough tablets will not help in this case. For allergies, antitussives, rather than antihistamines, are used. The foreign body must be removed. But when severe cold The cough is long-lasting, and you can really get rid of it with pills.

The cough can be dry or wet. Dryness occurs at the onset of colds (ARVI, bronchitis). Since an inflammatory process forms in the throat, it irritates the larynx and pharynx, mucus appears, and you want to cough up. With a wet cough, attacks are caused by the accumulation of phlegm in the lungs or bronchi. A wet cough helps clear mucus from the lungs.

Types of drugs

Cough can be different, and the tablets differ in their mechanism of action. Some things help suppress attacks, while others remove mucus and heal. Funds are divided into the following types:

• mucolytic;
• antitussives;
• expectorants.

The first type helps facilitate the removal of sputum. Medicines are used to convert a dry cough into a wet one. Cough suppressants block this reflex, that is, they suppress attacks. And expectorant medications enhance the activity of smooth muscle cells, as a result of which muscles contract better and mucus is eliminated.

Naturally, you need to purchase tablets depending on the type of cough. If the cough is dry, then the medications should be appropriate. Antitussives may be harmful, e.g. wet cough, since the mucus must come out, and when using these tablets, it will linger and the healing process will be delayed.

Important! You cannot take medications at the same time - this will not help, but will only worsen the situation.

There are also combination drugs. They usually contain various herbs and flowers. They must be taken for a long time, but it is necessary to monitor the patient’s condition, since herbal components can cause inadequate reaction body. If after using the tablets a rash, itching or other allergy symptoms occur, the drug should not be used.

Mucolytics

How to take simple cough tablets? Drugs in this group dilute sputum and are divided into the following types:

1. Mucus thinners (SLC).
2. Helping remove mucus (Bromhexine, Ambroxol).
3. Reducing the amount of mucus (Libexin).

ACC is available in powder for dissolution in water. The composition of the medicine includes acetylcysteine, as well as Excipients. Doses must be prescribed by a specialist. The powder should be dissolved in water and drunk after meals. When taken, heartburn and nausea may occur. Pregnant women and during lactation, as well as children under 2 years of age, should not take the drug.

Bromhexine is a drug containing the active ingredient bromhexine hydrochloride. Prescribed for bronchial asthma, tracheobronchitis. Taking the drug must be agreed with your doctor. May cause vomiting and headache. Bromhexine is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy and stomach ulcers.

Ambroxol is available in tablets. The medicine is used for pneumonia and bronchitis. Heartburn may occur headache. The medicine is contraindicated in the first 3 months of pregnancy and when renal failure. Take only after consultation with a specialist.

Libexin is a tablet product. The main substance is prenoxydiazine hydrochloride. The drug reduces the excitability of sensory receptors and makes breathing easier. Used for chronic or acute cough. Doses for adults and children are prescribed by a doctor. Libexin may cause dry mouth and nausea. Children under 3 years of age should not take the medicine.

Effective antitussives

These medicines are also divided into different types. These can be non-narcotic and narcotic drugs. Naturally, narcotic drugs are prescribed only in very severe cases, and they cannot be used without a doctor’s recommendation. As for non-narcotic drugs, they help reduce attacks and are not addictive. These include: Glauvent and Omnitus.

Glauvent has an antitussive and anti-inflammatory effect. The medicine can be used by both children and adults. The dose is determined by the doctor. Sometimes drowsiness and fatigue are possible. The drug is contraindicated for low blood pressure and copious discharge sputum.

Omnitus contains the active ingredient butamirate citrate. The medicine removes inflammation and suppresses attacks. How to take simple cough tablets for adults? The tablets should be taken before meals. The product may cause a rash and diarrhea. Not suitable for children under six years of age and pregnant women. You cannot self-medicate.

Expectorants

Medicines are used only for wet attacks. They help remove mucus from the lungs faster. The main drugs that help with such attacks are Bronchipret TP and Mucaltin.

How to take simple cough tablets for children and adults? Mucaltin has an antitussive and expectorant, as well as a softening effect. This remedy is used for tracheitis and pneumonia. Children need to drink 1-2 pieces. 1-2 times a day. Adult dose– 2 pcs. 4 times a day before meals. From side effects Possible urticaria. The drug is contraindicated for ulcers.

Nuance! Mucaltin can be used by people who drive a car.

Bronchipret TP is available in tablets. This is a herbal medicine that contains extracts of primrose and thyme roots. The remedy is used for bronchitis and tracheobronchitis. Prescribed for adults and children over 12 years of age. Dose – 1 pc. 3 times a day. Side effects are allergies and nausea. You should not take the drug if you are pregnant or lactose intolerant.

Oxeladin can also be used for coughs of various origins. This remedy also suppresses seizures. Children are prescribed the drug only in syrup, while adults can drink it in solid form, 1 tablet 2 times a day. The drug does not cause drowsiness, but may cause stomach pain and fatigue. For bronchial asthma and cough with sputum difficult to separate, the drug is contraindicated.

Combination drugs

Exist combined agents with antitussive and expectorant effect. The simplest cough tablets are called Cough Tablets. Combination drugs include Travisil, Pectusin.

Cough tablets are based on plant extracts. Prescribe tablets for coughs with sputum that is difficult to separate. If simple cough tablets are prescribed, the instructions for use indicate that children can take the medicine only after 12 years of age, the dose is the same as for adults - 1 piece. 3 times a day. If consumed, an allergic reaction may occur. Cannot be used during breastfeeding.

Travisil - lozenges. It contains a lot herbal ingredients. The drug relieves inflammation and makes attacks less frequent. Children over 12 years old and adults can drink 2 pieces. several times a day, and for children from 6 to 12 years old - 1 tablet. Possible allergies. Of the contraindications - individual intolerance components.

Pectusin has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Can be used for different types of cough. The tablets must be dissolved, 1 piece is enough, but several times a day. Children can use it after 7 years. Itching may occur when taken. If there diabetes, the medicine is contraindicated.

On a note! Simple tablets for cough the reviews are positive. If you take the medications correctly, the symptoms go away and recovery speeds up.

Cough tablets – a combined herbal medicine for complex therapy of respiratory tract diseases.

Pharmacological

action

Therapeutic
The effect of using Cough Tablets is due to the active components included in its composition:

• Thermopsis herb, thanks to the alkaloids it contains - cytisine, methylcytisine, pachycarpine, anagyrin, thermopsin and thermopsidine, reflexively increases the secretion of the bronchial glands and has an unexpressed effect. irritant effect to receptors in the gastric mucosa. In addition, having an expectorant effect, it has a stimulating effect on the respiratory center;
• Sodium bicarbonate helps reduce the viscosity of sputum, while simultaneously stimulating the secretion of the bronchial glands.

Release form

The medication is produced in the form of greenish-gray flat-cylindrical tablets containing Thermopsis lanceolata herb in powder form (6.7 mg) and sodium bicarbonate (250 mg). 10 tablets per package.

Analogues of cough tablets

An analogue of the drug active components is Thermopsol. Analogs of Cough Tablets based on their mechanism of action include medications:

• Syrup - Amtersol, Bronchipret, Prospan, Linkas, Gedelix, Prothiazine expectorant, Herbion, Doctor Mom, Cooka, Coldrex broncho, Pertussin, Stoptussin-Fito, Theraflu KV, Travisil, Tussamag, Fitolor, Eucabal;
• Vegetable raw materials – Anise fruit, Marshmallow root dry extract, Ledum marsh shoots, Chest collection No. 1-4, Elecampane rhizomes and roots, Oregano herb, Licorice root, Pine buds, Thyme herb;
• Extract for oral administration – Antiasthmatic medicine according to Traskova’s prescription;
• Oral drops – Bronchicum, Bronchipret;
• Elixir – Bronchicum;
• Pastilles – Bronchicum S, Eucalyptus-M, Doctor Mom, Linkas Lor, Fitolor;
• Powder for preparing a solution – Cough mixture for adults, Cough mixture for children;
• Tablets – Mucaltin, Pectusin, Travisil.

Indications for use of cough tablets

The medication, according to the instructions, is prescribed as part of complex therapy for the treatment of respiratory tract diseases that are accompanied by a cough with difficult to separate sputum, including bronchitis and tracheitis.

Contraindications

Cough tablets, according to the instructions, are contraindicated for use:

• With exacerbation of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer;
• In case of hypersensitivity to the components of the medication.

Pregnancy
and period breastfeeding are also contraindications to the use of the medicine.

In pediatrics, cough tablets can be used in children at least 12 years of age.

How to use cough tablets

For adults, cough tablets, according to the instructions, are prescribed one tablet three times a day. The duration of treatment usually does not exceed five days.

Children are allowed to use cough tablets from 12 years of age in adult dosage. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor individually.

In case of an overdose of cough tablets, children and adults may experience digestive disorders including vomiting and nausea. In these cases, symptomatic treatment is required.

Drug interactions

In addition, you should avoid simultaneous use Cough tablets with medicines that contain codeine, as well as with other antitussive medicines, as this makes it difficult to clear sputum.

Side effects of cough tablets

According to the instructions, when using Cough Tablets, nausea may occur, and if there is a predisposition, allergic reactions may occur.

Storage conditions for cough tablets

Cough tablets are classified as over-the-counter herbal medicines with a shelf life of no more than 4 years under standard storage conditions.

Sincerely,

Coughing is a protective physiological reflex aimed at cleansing the respiratory system. It occurs when there is irritation, inflammation or accumulation of mucus in the nasopharynx and bronchi. May be the result of a hit foreign body in the nose, mouth or ear. The intensity and duration of cough depends on the degree of impact of the disease on the respiratory system.

Cough itself is not a disease, but one of its symptoms. As soon as the patient begins to recover, the severity of the symptoms weakens. Some manifestations may bother you for some time after the infection ends, then the respiratory organs return to normal.

Cough treatment is prescribed to alleviate the general course of the disease and speed up recovery. In some cases, taking cough medicine can help prevent possible complications. Timely prescribed effective cough tablets will clear the upper respiratory tract and prevent bacteria from entering lower sections respiratory tract.

Features of choosing tablets

First of all, it is necessary to fight the disease itself that caused the cough. To decide on the choice of cough tablets, first identify the cause of its occurrence. Not only colds cause this symptom, but also some disorders of the brain and heart, chronic diseases respiratory system.

The list of diseases for which cough may be a symptom is quite large:

• Viral infections (ARVI):

Upper respiratory tract (laryngitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, tonsillitis)

Lower respiratory tract (bronchitis, tracheobronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy)

• Allergic reaction.
• Bronchial asthma.
• Foreign body in the respiratory tract.
• Cancerous tumors of the respiratory system.
• Exposure to aggressive chemical substances (carbon monoxide, paint, gasoline, acetone, etc.)
• Angina pectoris birth defect heart, heart failure.
• Interstitial lung diseases.
• Gastroesophageal reflux.
• Smoking.
• Brain disorders (Parkinson's disease, dementia).
• Taking medications to lower blood pressure.

Most often, you encounter a cough during colds. With a viral respiratory infection the patient is indicated bed rest, rest, plentiful warm drink. The amount of liquid should reach 2-2.5 liters per day, not counting liquid food. You can drink tea by adding herbs and honey, mineral and regular water, juices, compotes, and berry fruit drinks. Sufficient quantity liquid prevents mucus in the respiratory tract from thickening, making it easier to cough up. It is especially important to observe drinking regime at high temperature, since water losses in this case increase.

At severe course viral infection recommend taking antiviral drugs containing interferon and others auxiliary components. In case of joining bacterial infection Broad-spectrum antibiotics are most often included in treatment. For improvement general condition use anti-cough, runny nose, sore throat and antipyretics. Comprehensive treatment increases the chances of fast recovery without complications.

To understand how to properly deal with a cough, determine its type - dry or wet. Suppression of the cough reflex is justified only in cases where the cough is dry and causes spasms, difficulty breathing, and pain in the chest area. Severe attacks can provoke vomiting, a feeling of suffocation, and make it difficult to fall asleep.

If sputum is released during expectoration, then the absence of a cough will lead to its excessive accumulation and worsening of the condition. In such cases, the main task of the prescribed tablets is to facilitate the discharge of discharge. Medicines thin out thick mucus and increase its quantity, stimulating the body to actively cleanse.

Cough medications are available in various forms: tablets, syrups, drops, tinctures, ointments, solutions for inhalation. Adult patients are often prescribed tablets in doses according to the instructions, and children are prescribed liquid forms. For each case, the medicine is selected individually.

Important! Only a doctor can accurately diagnose and select the most effective active ingredients in the right dosage.

Depending on the type of cough, the doctor must promptly change the treatment regimen for the disease in order to maintain patency of the airways to ensure normal free breathing.

Classification of cough tablets

Pharmacy windows display an incredible number of cough medications. Not all of them existing tablets placed on the counter, the pharmacist will find less popular ones upon request. In addition to medicines, in any store you can find mint, eucalyptus, and honey lozenges that ease breathing and cough.

When choosing tablets, it is better to rely on the prescription prescribed by your doctor. If a visit to a specialist is postponed or the prescribed drug is not available, then it is worth understanding a little about the main types of tablets and syrups. Knowledge of mechanisms of action different groups cough medicines will help you avoid getting confused by the names and choose the best and safest drugs.

All drugs prescribed for cough can be classified into one of three main groups:

• Antitussives,
• Mucolytics,
• Expectorants.

Antitussives

This group of drugs acts on the area of ​​the brain that is responsible for the cough reflex. The action of the reflex is reduced or blocked by certain time until the drug is cleared from the blood.

Cough suppressants are divided according to the mechanism of action on subgroups:

1. Drugs central action.

Act directly on the central nervous system, that is, on medulla. The part of the brain responsible for coughing stops sending a signal. The cause of the cough is not eliminated, but the patient stops debilitating attacks and has the opportunity to rest.

Among these drugs there are a number of substances classified as narcotic. They may have different commercial names and contain as active substance:

• codeine,
• morphine,
• demorphan,
• kodipront,
• hydrocodone.

Use is limited as they can be addictive. A side effect of taking it is also depression of respiratory activity, which is usually indicated in the instructions. Mainly used for particularly strong, barking and severe cough with whooping cough or pleurisy.

Important! Narcotic drugs Do not take without a doctor's prescription!

More modern drugs of central action are non-narcotic and do not cause addiction:

• glaucine (Bronholitin),
• oxeladine citrate (Tusuprex),
• ethylmorphine,
• dextromethorphan,
• butamirate (Sinekod, Intussin).

They can be prescribed for a long period of time for advanced influenza and other complicated forms of respiratory diseases.

2. Peripheral drugs.

Affect signal transmission from the cough center to nerve endings And smooth muscles. They have practically no effect on the area of ​​the brain itself, but the impulse from it does not reach the organs of the respiratory system.

Most often prescribed:

• Libexin,
• Levopront,
• Helicidin.

Less effective, but more safe means than the central action group. For the treatment of uncomplicated forms of dry cough, it is better to choose tablets from this group.

There are antitussive drugs that combine several therapeutic actions. They inhibit the cough center and at the same time help the formation of sputum to make the cough moist and productive:

• Stoptussin,
• Tussin plus,
• Prothiazine.

Some combination drugs stop coughing and relieve inflammation in bronchopulmonary tissues:

• Bronholitin,
• Hexapneumin,
• Lorraine.

Mucolytic

These medications must be used to thin accumulated mucus. Mucus, which flows down the walls of the larynx and accumulates in the bronchi, tends to thicken, become dense and viscous. As a result, it sticks to the cilia of the bronchi, settles in the nasopharynx, and is difficult to expectorate. The respiratory organs, irritated by mucus, try to clear themselves and a cough begins with difficult to separate sputum. It can be painful and protracted.

Mucolytic drugs make sputum more liquid, it is easily coughed up and quickly comes off from the walls and tissues. The following groups are conventionally distinguished:

Direct acting drugs.

They destroy the binding molecules of sputum, disrupting its viscous structure and elasticity. Two subgroups of substances have the same effect, but break bonds in different chemical ways:

• Acetylcysteine ​​(ACC, Mucomist, Mukobene, Fluimucil, Acestine),
• Trypsin, chymotrypsin, chymopsin, ribonuclease.

Drugs indirect action(mucoregulators).

Relatively new drugs for the treatment of cough, the principle of which is to increase the amount of secretion, which provokes a more active cleansing of the respiratory tract. At the same time, the water content in sputum increases.

Mucoregulators include:

• Ambroxol (Ambrobene, Lazolvan, Ambrohexal, Halixol, Ambrolanlazolvan, Medovent, Flavamed),
• Bromhexine (Bronchostop, Bronchotil, Phlegamine, Flecoxin).

Expectorants

Reflex drugs.

They act on the walls of the stomach, causing specific irritation of the mucous membrane. Activated certain part brain - vomiting center. At the level of the reflex, the secretion of saliva and mucus in the bronchi increases, which leads to a gradual dilution of sputum. The liquid part of the mucus increases, its total amount increases, stimulating productive expectoration.

This group includes preparations based on plant extracts: licorice, marshmallow, thermopsis, ivy, plantain, primrose, thyme, thyme, anise and others.

Important! Herbal remedies should be prescribed to children with caution!

Natural bases are not always safe. In young children, the bronchi are small and have narrow openings, so an increase in the amount of mucus can lead to obstruction and other complications. In addition, plant squeezes and extracts can cause severe attack allergies, Quincke's edema.

Resorptive drugs.

They enter the blood from the gastrointestinal tract and are then excreted through the bronchial mucosa. The medicine comes with additional fluid, which thins the mucus. These include: sodium or potassium iodide, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). IN Lately Tablets in this group are rarely prescribed.

Principles of treatment of dry cough

A dry cough is much more difficult to tolerate than a wet cough. It is a consequence of irritation and inflammation of the ENT organs when exposed to a viral or bacterial infection, aggressive and toxic chemicals, and allergens.

There are different types of dry cough:

• Periodic. It occurs against the background of a cold and does not cause much discomfort. Quickly turns into wet.
• Paroxysmal. Lasts for several minutes and has pronounced strength. Feels like strong tension pectoral muscles, pain or cramps. It is debilitating.
• "Barking". Accompanied by suffocation and difficulty breathing. In the respiratory tract you can hear wheezing, wheezing, and wheezing.
• Chronic. Occurs periodically throughout the year. May be caused by allergies, asthma, nervous exhaustion, smoking.

With a dry cough, there is no separation of sputum, which means that dead cells and dead microorganisms are not removed. In addition, a dry cough can be painful, paroxysmal, and prolonged. It is very tiring, depriving you of strength and the opportunity to sleep and relax. In children, a hysterical cough leads to bronchospasm, causing significant difficulty breathing. Adult patients report chest pain and a feeling of heaviness when inhaling.

If a debilitating dry cough occurs, you must definitely visit a doctor to understand its causes and take it in a timely manner. effective measures treatment of the disease. The therapist will tell you which cough tablets are the best at the moment.

The cough itself is often blocked to relieve the patient's condition until mucus begins to be coughed up. As soon as a dry cough turns into a wet one, treatment tactics are changed and expectorants and mucolytic drugs are prescribed.

It is important to understand that substances intended for wet cough, if dry, they will not only not be effective, but may worsen the situation.

Important! Use cough tablets according to the instructions inside the package!

The main drugs prescribed for dry cough are antitussives. They inhibit the functioning of the cough center or block its signals at the nervous level. This method of treatment does not act on the cause of the cough and does not cure the disease, but it significantly improves well-being.

TO strong drugs For dry cough, drugs of the narcotic group of central action are classified. Since they form an addiction and can depress breathing, non-narcotic drugs are more often prescribed, which also inhibit the cough center. They are not addictive and do not affect respiratory function.

Peripheral-acting drugs that prevent the cough signal from reaching the smooth bronchial muscles are also widespread. They are somewhat less effective, but much safer and acceptable for use in children.

Codeine.

Codeine is a narcotic antitussive. Among the contraindications childhood, pregnancy and period breastfeeding. It is prohibited to take codeine in patients with bronchial asthma and respiratory failure, in these cases it will cause exacerbations. Drinking alcohol is strictly prohibited; driving a car is not recommended during therapy.

Important! Only a doctor can prescribe codeine!

The most popular codeine-based drug is Codelac cough tablets. Their composition additionally includes thermopsis and licorice herbs, sodium bicarbonate. These drugs provoke the production of sputum, helping to transform a dry cough into a productive one.

Butamirat.

Is not narcotic drug, not addictive. Refers to centrally acting drugs. Reduces the excitability of the area of ​​the brain responsible for coughing. It has moderate bronchodilator properties and reduces inflammation. Improves blood circulation in the respiratory organs.

The most appointed and effective drugs butamirate are:

• Sinekod
• Codelac Neo
• Omnitus.

Treatment is continued until a wet cough appears, but not longer than the time determined by the attending physician. Prescribed for children with whooping cough, it is safest for children early age compared to other centrally acting drugs. For adults it is available in tablets.

Oxeladine.

The drug is approved for use only in the treatment of adults. Does not affect the activity of the respiratory center and does not cause addiction.

Preparations based on oxeladin are available in tablets and capsules:

• Tusuprex
• Paxeladine

Like other antitussives it has big list side effects. The instructions for use warn that the drug may cause drowsiness and lethargy.

Dextromethorphan.

Included in combination anti-cold medications. Most often combined with antipyretic (paracetamol), vasoconstrictor and antihistamine. As a result of taking the powder or effervescent tablets, the patient feels better: the fever subsides, swelling, runny nose and cough decrease.

Included in anti-cold medications:

• Fervex for dry cough
• Tussin plus
• Flupex
• Kaffetin Cold
• Tylenol for colds.

Libexin (Prenoxdiazine).

Refers to drugs of peripheral action. Reduces sensitivity nerve fibers respiratory organs. Dilates the bronchi and relieves spasms, fights inflammatory process. These effective dry cough tablets are comparable to codeine, but have significantly fewer side effects.

Stoptussin.

It is a successful combination of an antitussive and mucolytic. It blocks a debilitating cough due to the butamirate included in the composition, and guaifenesin provokes sputum production. After a few days of taking the tablets according to the instructions, the dry cough is replaced by a wet one.

Wet cough therapy

A wet cough is accompanied by the release of bronchial secretions, which are called sputum. At various diseases and stages of their development, different amounts of sputum may be produced. The color of the discharge can range from light and transparent to dark green and purulent. The greater the viscosity and density of the sputum, the more difficult it is to expectorate, settling tightly in the bronchi and interfering with their normal functioning.

The human bronchi are lined with mobile epithelial “cilia” that trap invading bacteria and viruses. Normally, the bronchi contain a small amount clear mucus, which binds foreign microorganisms retained by cilia. The smooth muscles of healthy bronchi contract rhythmically, gradually removing fluid through the nasal and oral cavity. If a small amount of mucus has accumulated overnight, then in the morning you may experience a short cough, which is normal.

When a lot of sputum settles on the cilia of the bronchial tree, they stop retaining bacteria. The action of the mucociliary system is impaired transport mechanism, that is, normal mucus removal. The more thick the mucus, the more tightly it covers most of the eyelashes.

The cough center reacts and a cough begins, aimed at removing phlegm. At the same time, the amount of secretion in bronchial tree increases. Under unfavorable conditions, the mucus continues to thicken, making it more and more difficult to cough up. In children and some adults, the coughing process is further complicated by narrow airways. Under such conditions, pathogenic bacteria begin to multiply very actively and bacterial bronchitis. Ultimately, a neglected wet cough can lead to the penetration of bacteria into the lungs and the development of pneumonia.

To help the body naturally to remove sputum, you need to change its properties and make it as liquid as possible. Good pills from a wet cough will help to cleanse the respiratory tract more effectively and recover faster.

Antitussive drugs that inhibit the reactions of the cough center and suppress its signal are not used in the treatment of wet cough. This is due to the fact that the absence of a cough will lead to an accumulation of large quantity mucus in the bronchi, which can cause obstruction and an increase in the number of bacteria.

Important! Taking antitussive medications for a wet cough can be dangerous!

In the treatment of wet cough, the following groups of drugs are used:

• Mucolytic
• Expectorants
• Combined.

Action of mucolytics.

Mucolytics act on the upper thick layer of sputum, which is called the “gel”. They destroy the bonds between molecules, which leads to liquefaction of the upper layer of secretion. The result is easy and effective coughing. The total amount of mucus practically does not increase.

By chemical composition Mucolytics are divided into non-enzymatic and proteolytic enzymes. I often use non-enzyme drugs, as they have fewer side effects and are well tolerated by patients.

Acetylcysteine.

Among the non-enzymatic mucolytics, the substance acetylcestin is distinguished, which has high proven effectiveness. Medicines have been created on its basis under the trade names:

• Mukobene
• Mucomist
• Fluimucil
• Mukonex
• VicksActive ExpectoMed.

The principle of its action is to destroy the bonds of certain components of sputum - mucopolysaccharides. At the same time, the mucus loses its density and viscosity. Effervescent tablets from cough ACC act faster than tablets in the shell.

The use of acetylcysteine ​​has several features:

• When bronchospasm intensifies, obstruction may develop, so taking a mucolytic is combined with drugs that expand the lumen of the bronchi. Important! In the treatment of cough in children, acetylcysteine ​​is used with caution, since children are more prone to developing bronchial obstruction.
• Drugs in this group reduce the absorption of antibiotics. It is important to maintain a sufficient interval between doses or choose tablets from a different group.
• Long-term use (more than 10 days) provokes a decrease in local immunity.

Carbocysteine.

Acts similarly to acetylcysteine, but is considered more safe drug, since it does not provoke bronchospasm and does not affect one’s own immunity.

Produced under the names:

• Bronchobos
• Mukodil
• Mucopront
• Mucosol
• Libexin Muco
• Fluditek.

Ambroxol.

It occupies a separate place in the group of mucolytics, as it is somewhat different in its principle of action.

It thins mucus by increasing the substance that coats the alveoli and prevents them from sticking together (surfactant). In this case, the amount of sputum does not change, but it becomes less thick. In addition, ambroxol stimulates the work of the bronchial epithelium, activating the movement of cilia. Coughing becomes active and productive.

Produced under the following brands:

• Lazolvan
• Ambrobene
• Ambrohexal
• Ambroxol
• Bronchoxol
• Flavamed
• Halixol

Preparations based on ambroxol have a number of advantages:

1. These are the most effective means from a wet cough if antibiotics are taken at the same time.
2. Combines well with other drugs for wet cough.
3. They are produced and used in various forms: tablets, syrups, solutions for inhalation).
4. They are safe, well tolerated and have minimal side effects.

Use of expectorants.

Expectorant drugs are conventionally divided into drugs reflex action and resorptive action.

Plant-based expectorants are most widely represented on pharmaceutical market, are very popular. Mainly produced in liquid forms(drops, syrups).

Ivy leaf extract.

It's universal herbal remedy prescribed for any type of cough. Provide effective softening and removal of sputum thanks to natural saponins in the composition.

Included in drugs called:

• Gedelix
• overslept
• Gelisal.

Contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women with bronchial asthma. Not prescribed for children under two years of age, as it may cause laryngospasm.

Primrose and thyme extract.

Not only has an expectorant effect, but also relieves inflammation and fights reproduction pathogenic flora. Improves blood circulation.

Included in the preparations:

• Gerbion
• Bronchicum
• Bronchipret.

Not prescribed for bronchial asthma, after suffering from croup, or with a tendency to allergic reactions.

Marshmallow root extract.

Is used for complex treatment unproductive wet cough for adults and children over one year of age. May cause increased dry cough and allergic reactions

Preparations based on marshmallow root:

• Marshmallow syrup
• Marshmallow syrup
• Marshmallow syrup
• Mukaltin.

Mucaltin is available in tablet form - proven over the years and inexpensive remedy From cough. The tablets are convenient to take with you to work or on the road.

Eucalyptus.

In addition to the expectorant effect, it soothes sore throats and makes breathing easier.

Eucalyptus is used to prepare a variety of lollipops and cough lozenges, which can be found not only in pharmacies, but also in regular supermarkets. Inexpensive eucalyptus lozenges are called:

• Pectusin
• Evamenol.

Complex compositions.

Some of the most popular and inexpensive tablets for cough - Travisil. They contain a complex of more than 10 herbs and plant extracts. Lozenges are available in various flavors.

Combined drugs.

They combine drugs from different groups, providing several therapeutic effects in the fight against cough.

For example, Codelac Broncho cough tablets contain ambroxol, sodium glycyrrhizinate and thermopsis. Ambroxol and thermopsis thin and remove phlegm, and sodium glycyrrhizinate has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. There is another version of the drug with thyme instead of thermopsis (Codelac Broncho thyme).

Previously popular tablets, which are called “Cough Tablets,” combine an expectorant plant origin(thermopsis) and resorptive (soda). These are inexpensive and effective cough tablets, but they often cause unpleasant reactions from the gastrointestinal tract, therefore they are contraindicated in children under 12 years of age, pregnant women and people with diseases of the digestive system.

If the disease is accompanied by bronchospasm, then in addition to affecting the consistency of sputum, it is necessary to expand the bronchial lumen to ensure easy drainage of secretions. In such cases, combination drugs based on bromhexine are used, including the bronchodilator salbutamol:

• Joset
• Ascoril.

Important! Bronchodilator drugs are used in specific cases according to the doctor’s instructions. Self-medication is unacceptable.

Cough is a common symptom that goes away along with the disease. Pharmaceutical companies offer wide choose means to relieve cough, remove phlegm, get rid of attacks and prevent complications. In order not to harm yourself, you need to carefully choose cough tablets, follow the instructions and do not neglect visiting a doctor.