Acute gastroenterocolitis. Useful video about gastritis in a child

Generalized concept inflammatory process, which affects the entire gastrointestinal tract and manifests itself as a disorder of its activity soon after exposure to a variety of factors.

1 Causes of gastroenterocolitis

Depending on the cause of occurrence, gastroenterocolitis is divided into:

1. Infectious (bacterial and viral), caused by toxic effects pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms- most often these are salmonella, less often staphylococci, streptococci, E. coli, shigella, etc. Pathogens such as rotavirus, ENCO virus and protozoa (giardia, amoeba, trichomonas) can become a factor in the development of the disease. Infection occurs primarily through the mouth. Further, toxins and some pathogens from intestinal tract penetrate into the blood, causing a deterioration in overall health.
2. The non-infectious (alimentary) type of gastroenterocolitis develops mainly due to malnutrition: irrational (monotonous or excessive) and including acute or fatty foods and excessive consumption of foods containing coarse fiber. Most often, the development of pathology is given impetus by: hypothermia of the body, cold drinking, increased acidity, alcohol intoxication and vitamin deficiencies. Dysfunctions of the digestive tract (stomach, pancreas, liver, intestines) often provoke the occurrence of gastroenterocolitis. If you are allergic to certain foods and medicines, in case of poisoning chemicals or heavy metals, damage to the digestive tract is also observed.

2 Clinical picture of the disease

With gastroenterocolitis, the symptoms are the same for all types of pathology, and the inflammatory process in digestive tract makes itself known within several hours or days. Initially, pain in the abdomen, flatulence, heartburn and/or belching are a concern. Appetite disappears, nausea appears, turning into vomiting, and a heavy grayish coating is noted on the tongue. Frequent stool accompanied by cramping pain in the abdomen and muscle weakness. In severe forms of gastroenterocolitis, the following are possible:

• streaks of blood and mucus in the stool;
• confusion and pale skin;
• repeated and uncontrollable vomiting;
• fever up to 39 ºC and headache;
• metabolic disorders and dehydration;
• significant weight loss;
• short-term loss of consciousness.

Non-infectious food gastroenterocolitis is easier than infectious - in about 3-5 days, with proper treatment and diet, it goes away.

3 Disease in children

Due to the immaturity of the digestive tract and weakened immunity, gastroenterocolitis occurs quite often in children. Dysentery bacillus, influenza and the proliferation of opportunistic microorganisms in the intestines cause childhood gastroenterocolitis, which is more severe than in adults. Diarrhea is accompanied by inclusions of mucus or blood, vomiting can last up to a week along with fever. Influenza, rotavirus and other types of viral gastroenterocolitis appear suddenly and acutely and can cause complications. Dehydration child's body due to vomiting, diarrhea and elevated temperature leads to serious violations metabolism.

Eating contaminated foods (cottage cheese, milk, etc.), poorly washed fruits, berries and vegetables, low-quality canned food, as well as contact with sick animals or people are the most common causes of the disease in both children and adults.

4 Diagnosis and treatment

For gastroenterocolitis, treatment at home is permissible only for mild forms of pathology and according to the doctor’s instructions. After applying for medical care in case of deterioration general condition The patient is examined: palpation in the abdomen, medical history, clarification of nutritional details and possible reasons intoxication. When making a preliminary diagnosis emergency assistance consists of gastric lavage using a tube, or the patient is given drinking plenty of fluids followed by induction of vomiting. Next are appointed bed rest And intravenous administration isotonic liquids.

Laboratory tests (coprogram, blood and urine tests, examination of the stomach and ultrasound of organs abdominal cavity) are important for making an objective nosological diagnosis, that is, for determining the real reason. In this case, the epidemiological situation, identification and analysis of products containing pathogens play an important role.

Because clinical manifestations gastroenterocolitis is similar to diseases of the abdominal organs such as acute appendicitis, cholecystitis, etc., it is necessary to differentiate and exclude them in time. For example, botulism, which is fraught fatal, manifests symptoms similar to gastroenterocolitis, which in this case develop very quickly and vividly.

At long term gastroenterocolitis and improper treatment damage to the deeper layers of the walls of the intestines and stomach is possible, which leads to hypertrophy of the mucosa, the appearance of polyps and atrophy of the muscles and glands of the walls digestive organs. Defeat nerve endings provokes cardiovascular and movement disorders. Therefore, if there are signs of severe and acute gastroenterocolitis, you should not limit yourself to taking symptomatic drugs which provide only temporary relief. Determination of the causes of intoxication of the body and adequate antibacterial, detoxification and rehydration therapy are carried out in a hospital setting.

Diet therapy is the main method of improving the body’s condition during and after therapeutic measures. You need to drink more liquid - infusion of rose hips, chamomile, liquid jelly, compote of non-acidic fruits, or just warm water. Meals should be small and frequent - up to 6-8 times a day; food is taken in puree or liquid form. Excluded from the diet:

• fried, spicy, salty, fatty and smoked foods;
• raw vegetables and fruits;
• milk;
• fresh and black bread.

Baked goods, sweets, carbonated drinks and other foods that complicate the digestion process are also included in the list of prohibited foods for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

The menu for the first time is made up of low-fat fermented milk products(grated cottage cheese, kefir), meat broths and vegetable soups, chicken and boiled fish. Rice and oat infusions can replace meals in the first two days after elimination acute manifestations gastroenterocolitis.

5 Prevention measures

Avoid many pathological processes in digestion is possible by observing sanitary and hygienic standards and adhering to a balanced and rational nutrition. It is necessary to carefully approach the purchase of eggs, meat, dairy and other food products, the heat treatment and storage of which at home must be thorough. Quick snacks should be limited or avoided public places ah food and direct contact with a person infected infectious form gastroenterocolitis.

A disease that is caused by infections and is accompanied by inflammatory processes in the mucous membranes of the stomach, small and large intestines, is called gastroenterocolitis. Doctors consider it one of the most common childhood ailments under the age of three.

Gastroenterocolitis in children makes itself felt suddenly. There are complaints of acute abdominal pain, attacks of nausea and vomiting, loose stool with painful stools. This condition in children causes ingestion of viral infection or pathogenic bacteria.

To determine the diagnosis and prescribe treatment, urgent consultation with a specialist is necessary, since the symptoms of gastroenterocolitis in children are similar to the manifestations of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

The routes of infection with this disease are divided into two sources: infectious and non-infectious.

For reasons not related to infections, the disease rarely occurs, but they still need to be taken into account:

• reaction to the use of certain medications;
• high concentration toxic substances that entered with food (mushrooms, plants, seafood) or during use household chemicals (washing powders, detergents);
• excessive consumption of fatty, spicy, sour foods;
• intolerance by the body to certain foods, or a reaction to the appearance of new ones.

In a newborn, gastroenterocolitis can be triggered by the mother's milk if she consumed foods that are unusual for the baby.

Timely seeking help and correct treatment will allow you to quickly get rid of the disease without causing serious complications. When the virus enters the body through the mouth or another route, lack of treatment turns the disease into chronic form with the penetration of infection into the blood.

The infectious nature of gastroenterocolitis is accompanied in children by inflammation of the intestinal and gastric mucosa, which is the cause of acute pain in the abdominal area. Frequent vomiting, severe diarrhea leads to dehydration of the child's body.

Symptoms and how the disease manifests itself

Acute gastroenterocolitis in children can appear immediately after damage to organs by toxins - after 3 - 4 hours, or after 2 - 3 days.

The main signs of this disease are:

• increased accumulation of gases in the intestines, which is accompanied by bloating and loud rumbling;
• belching, heartburn, bitterness in the mouth;
• general malaise, weakness, lethargy, headaches, fever;
• loss of appetite, complete interest in food;
• nausea, vomiting, which contains undigested food debris;
• frequent and painful diarrhea, sometimes with blood or mucus;
• sharp pain around the navel that extends to short time and come back again;
• dehydration, weight loss.

If these symptoms appear in a child, it is necessary to contact a pediatrician for further examination and confirmation of the diagnosis of gastroenterocolitis. If the baby is less active, complains of weakness, painful sensations, and this condition is complicated by vomiting and diarrhea, urgent emergency care is required.

It is necessary to treat signs of the disease in children under the supervision of a gastroenterologist, following all rules and recommendations.

Diagnosis and treatment of gastroenterocolitis in childhood

A diagnostic examination of children suffering from gastroenterocolitis is to determine the cause of the disease. Consultation with two specialists is required - an infectious disease specialist and a gastroenterologist. They conduct a detailed study of the diet of foods consumed over the past three days, examining those that cause concern. This procedure allows you to most accurately determine the causative agent of infection.

There are no radical methods for destroying pathogens. In five to seven days immune system Antibodies are produced that independently fight the infection. Therefore, treatment of the disease is aimed at replenishing lost fluid and restoring intestinal function.

For this purpose, in the presence of gastroenterocolitis, use dietary food using this scheme for children:

1. For the first two days of the illness, it is best to completely abstain from food and drink only plenty of fluids.
2. On the third day, add pureed soup from boiled vegetables, baked apple with honey.
3. Steamed cutlets from dietary meat included in the menu on the fourth day.
4. On the fifth day, you can allow the child to eat several biscuits, prepare boiled low-fat fish, and add one egg.

It must be remembered that meals during this period should be fractional, food should be taken in small portions 5-6 times a day.

Depending on the severity and cause of the disease, medications with an absorbent effect (“Polysorb”, “Smecta”, “Atoxil”), probiotics (“Bifiform”, “Linex”, “Acilact”), and enzymes to improve digestion (“Bifiform”, “Linex”, “Acilact”) are prescribed. Festal", "Pancreatin").

Consequences of the disease

The most serious complication Gastroenterocolitis is dehydration in children. Constant vomiting and frequent loose stools lead to a critical lack of fluid in organ tissues. This condition is life threatening little patient, especially if the body is weakened by concomitant diseases.

Lack of treatment may be the cause of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - chronic enteritis, dysbacteriosis.

For a long time severe course disease, there are known cases of the formation of malignant polyps on the intestinal walls.

Prevention

To protect your child from the development of gastroenterocolitis, you must follow simple rules:

1. Hygiene. After visiting the toilet, public places and before eating, be sure to wash your hands with soap.
2. Purity. Dishes must be individual and thoroughly washed.
3. Quality products. It is necessary to comply with the terms and storage conditions.
4. Preparation. Heat treatment and technological requirements are mandatory when using meat or fish products.
5. Water. Before use raw water It is recommended to boil, or use peeled.

When preparing food for a child, it is necessary to ensure that meat, fish and eggs are sufficiently cooked to prevent salmonellosis infection. At breastfeeding It is important to maintain hygiene to prevent pathogens from reaching the baby from the mother’s breast or hands.

Gastroenterocolitis is an infectious disease that is difficult to tolerate by children at any age and can have serious consequences. To avoid its occurrence in a child, it is necessary to adhere to hygiene and certain food preparation rules.

Untimely initiation or insufficiently effective treatment of gastroenterocolitis can lead to the disease becoming chronic, occurring with predominant damage to one of the departments digestive system. Therefore, before starting pathogenetic therapy, it is necessary to find out what triggered the development of the pathological condition.

Causes of gastroenterocolitis

Gastroenterocolitis is an acute inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. To the main reasons this state Clinicians include:

• Foodborne illnesses caused by certain types of viruses coli, salmonella, staphylococcus and yersinia.
• Influenza conditions accompanied by intestinal bleeding.
• Food allergies.
• Poisoning with acids, salts of heavy metals and alkalis.
• Drug poisoning.

Note: predisposing factors that provoke the development of gastroenterocolitis include anemia, vitamin deficiencies and achylia.

Diagnostics

As a rule, making a diagnosis of gastroenterocolitis does not cause any particular difficulties, but at the same time, one should take into account the fact that a number of other diseases have similar symptoms. During the diagnostic process, the doctor pays attention to the patient’s epidemiological history, the results instrumental examination, as well as data obtained from serological study blood, and bacteriological research vomit and feces.

In cases where a viral etiology of the disease is suspected, appropriate virological study and, if necessary, conduct an allergy examination of the patient.
According to medical indications, during diagnosis, sigmoidoscopy may be prescribed, which allows identifying pathological changes on the mucous membrane of the rectum and sigmoid colon.

Note: sometimes appendicitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis and others can provoke the development of gastroenterocolitis acute conditions, developing in the abdominal cavity, which is why specialists make diagnostic errors.

Treatment of the disease

As a rule, a patient who is in a state of medium degree severity, in the treatment of acute gastroenterocolitis, bed rest is prescribed. Afterwards the installation is carried out accurate diagnosis and adequate therapy is prescribed.

Warning! In the case when a patient is diagnosed with a gangrenous form of gastroenterocolitis, therapeutic measures will be powerless and urgent surgery is required!

Most often, treatment begins with gastric lavage (if the patient experiences nausea and vomiting). This uses water or a 2% solution baking soda. Washing should be carried out until clean wash water appears.

When treating the disease (as well as during the period of convalescence), it is strongly recommended to reduce functional loads on the digestive organs. For this, the patient is prescribed a special diet, as well as enzymatic preparations And gastric juice, helping to normalize the digestion and absorption of food.

Diet therapy

In the first two days of the disease, a very strict diet for gastroenterocolitis is indicated. The patient is fed at least five times a day in small portions. At this time, oatmeal or rice broths are allowed, weak meat broths, liquid porridges cooked in water, steam cutlets, cottage cheese, boiled fish, jelly, fruit and berry jelly and white crackers. The consumption of refractory fats and whole milk, and also limit carbohydrate intake.

You are allowed to drink unsweetened tea, rosehip or blueberry decoctions and non-carbonated alkaline mineral waters. In the case when the patient has severe intoxication of the body, he is only advised to drink for two days, and after the patient’s condition improves, he is transferred to diet No. 4, and after another one and a half to two weeks - to normal nutrition.

Rehydration therapy

In the first two hours from the onset of development acute symptoms the patient should drink 2-4 liters of water-salt solution, and then, for each subsequent bowel movement, a glass of liquid.

In case of pronounced intoxication and the likelihood of dehydration, the patient is simultaneously given parenteral rehydration, which includes intravenous drip administration saline solutions. They have a hemonidamic effect, reduce hypovolemia (decrease in circulating blood volume), and also prevent the development of metabolic acidosis and blood thickening, increase diuresis and improve capillary circulation.

At the same time, intravenous infusion of glucose, hemodez, plasma and blood substitutes can be administered.

At allergic forms for gastroenterocolitis, antihistamines and antiallergic drugs are used, and to restore normal microflora intestines - .

Detoxification therapy

This method of treating gastroenterocolitis in adults and children involves removing toxic substances from the body. To relieve detoxification, the patient is prescribed enterosorbents that bind toxins produced in the body and entering the gastrointestinal tract. They are then excreted along with feces through the intestines. As a rule, taking drugs of this group is indicated for 2-7 days (until the symptoms of intoxication disappear).

As an antacid and astringent for gastroenterocolitis, patients are prescribed bismuth and other drugs of this group, indicated for infectious diseases of the intestine.

Etiological antibacterial therapy

If during the diagnostic process it was determined that the cause of the development of intestinal infection is gram-positive or gram negative bacteria, the patient is prescribed antibacterial therapy.

Note: Sometimes during treatment with antibiotics, appetite may decrease, and nausea and vomiting may develop. Therefore, to reduce adverse reactions medications should be taken with a large number water, and also, if necessary, reduce their dose and, in parallel, prescribe antihistamines, B vitamins and calcium chloride. With strongly expressed side effects antibiotics are stopped.
Warning! If kidney function is impaired antibacterial drugs must be taken with great caution.

Predictions and prevention

As a rule, full recovery digestive function occurs after acute symptoms subside (approximately 3-6 weeks from the onset of the disease). Gastroenterocolitis, provoked food poisoning, within a week, with proper diet therapy, ends full recovery. However, if the inflammatory process has developed against the background of functional gastric or intestinal failure caused by various pathologies digestive organs or helminthic infestations, acute gastroenterocolitis can become chronic.

Regardless of age, a person is susceptible to infectious diseases. The digestive tract often suffers from this. The development of gastroenterocolitis in adults and children is associated with toxic infection, in which inflammation of the small or large intestine occurs. At untimely treatment the disease poses a danger to the patient's health. Gastroenterocolitis manifests itself rapidly and becomes serious within 3 days.

The concept of gastroenterocolitis

The disease causes inflammation of the mucous membrane in several parts of the digestive tract. Gastroenterocolitis often develops as a result of eating stale foods. Otherwise, the food is initially affected by bacteria. In medicine the disease is called food infection, having forms of manifestation.

Acute gastroenterocolitis develops due to infectious diseases or food allergies. Sometimes inflammation occurs due to intoxication through food or blood.

Chronic gastroenterocolitis is characterized by an increase in symptoms and a rapid decline. With this form, the patient often experiences periods of exacerbation if disease prevention is not carried out.

Gastroenterocolitis is divided into the following types:

• hemorrhagic;
• phlegmonous;
• catarrhal;
• ulcerative;
• fibrinous.

At hemorrhagic form inflammation affects the mucous membrane small intestine. When phlegmonous gastroenterocolitis is observed, the disease occurs with purulent manifestations. Catarrhal appearance characterized by redness and swelling of the mucous epithelium with increased secretion of exudate. At ulcerative form erosions form in the digestive tract. Fibrous appearance It is distinguished by a protein coating on the mucous membrane of the small and large intestines.

Why does the disease occur?

Gastroenterocolitis spreads orally. Sometimes a hematogenous mode of development is identified. In this case, intoxication occurs due to the spread negative substances due to their absorption into the body and distribution along with the blood circulation. External factors can provoke the development of the inflammatory process.

Therefore, the causes of the disease are divided into:

• infectious;
• non-infectious.

Infectious factors of occurrence include bacteriological inflammation. This type occurs frequently and is caused by salmonella, E. coli, protea, shigella and other bacteria. No less common cause think viral infection. In this case, inflammation is provoked by the ECHO virus or rotavirus. Due to fungal infection candidiasis is often observed. Sometimes the patient becomes ill due to protozoan organisms, which include Giardia or Trichomonas.

Non-infectious causes include malnutrition. This occurs after eating an allergenic food. Often gastroenterocolitis occurs due to severe alcohol intoxication when intoxication of the body occurs. Signs of inflammation of the mucous membrane arise due to the non-special use of poisons and heavy metals. This occurs due to professional activities. When treating diseases or headaches, people take pills other than as prescribed by a specialist.

Poor nutrition associated with overeating or a monotonous diet causes gastroenterocolitis. Otherwise, there is an excess of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body or due to frequent use food in large quantities.

Hygiene is considered the root cause of infectious factors in intestinal diseases. Eating dirty or poorly washed food. Due to spoiled cottage cheese and dairy products, interaction occurs intestinal microflora with pathogens. Bacteria and viruses enter the body through unwashed hands of humans or animals. When diagnosing patients with gastroenterocolitis, vitamin deficiency, anemia and achylia are encountered. This also applies to factors in the development of the inflammatory process.

Clinical picture in adults and children

Symptoms of gastroenterocolitis vary depending on age. Adults are more susceptible to inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. This is associated with alcohol consumption. Gastroenterocolitis in children manifests itself in the form of diarrhea with vomiting. Depending on the development factor, inclusions of mucus, bile or blood are observed in the stool. The infection develops over 3 days, and the baby develops a fever. The appearance of inflammation in children occurs due to contact with a patient with viral or bacterial diseases.

General symptoms

In acute gastroenterocolitis, symptoms begin to appear several hours after the exposure factor.

The main symptoms of the disease are as follows:

• flatulence;
• diarrhea;
• lack of appetite;
• lesions and rashes on the skin;
• general malaise;
• abdominal pain;
• constant nausea and vomiting;
• weight loss.

Diarrhea due to inflammation and irritation of the intestines occurs both at the beginning and accompanies the entire period of the disease. Sometimes the symptom appears on the 3rd day after infection, and until this point the patient experiences constipation. IN feces Due to infection, inclusions of mucus or blood are released.

General discomfort with gastroenterocolitis is weakness, dizziness and headaches. At the same time, the temperature rises to 39°C. In some cases, there are serious manifestations of the disease in the form of loss of consciousness and fainting. Pain syndrome in the abdominal area has a cramping or pulling character. Adults experience heartburn unpleasant belching and a feeling of bitterness in the mouth. Sometimes, after vomiting, the patient's pharynx becomes damaged. Therefore, implicit signs include impaired swallowing.

Inflammation of the small and large intestines disrupts the functioning of nearby organs.

The acute form of the disease begins suddenly. The symptoms increase rapidly, and after a few hours the patient’s temperature rises. Incubation period inflammatory lesion mucous membrane occurs both after 2-3 hours and on the 3rd day.

How is diagnosis carried out?

To establish a diagnosis, the doctor conducts an examination, collects medical history data and prescribes tests. To identify the cause of gastroenterocolitis, use following methods diagnostics:

• ultrasound examination;
• blood, urine and stool tests;
• analysis of vomit;
• virus research.

Therapeutic measures

Gastroenterocolitis caused by infection or viruses is mild. It is recommended to refrain from eating on the first day when signs of illness appear.

The patient needs to replenish the water-salt balance of the body by consuming large amounts of fluid. For the next 2 days it is recommended to adhere to special diet. In this case, food intake is up to 5 times a day and in small portions.

To restore damaged mucous membranes, decoctions of cereals are used. In addition, they accept oatmeal, cooked in water, low-fat cottage cheese and chicken broth. When acute period If the disease passes, then the treatment of gastroenterocolitis consists of adding lean meat and fish to the diet. Dishes are steamed and it is recommended to include vegetables.

To avoid a relapse of the disease, it is recommended to exclude fatty, spicy and spicy foods from the diet for 14 days. fried foods. After gastroenterocolitis, you should refrain from eating fresh bread, pastries and foods containing large quantity fiber.

Medicines

When symptoms appear severe intoxication the body in children and adults is hospitalized. Treatment consists of gastric lavage using a solution of bicarbonate and potassium permanganate. The doctor prescribes a course of enterosorbents. If the patient is constipated, they give an enema and give saline laxatives. To replenish electrolyte balance, resort to infusion therapy.

When leaking light form diseases are prescribed to take water in sufficient quantity. If gastroenterocolitis occurs due to viruses and bacteria, then antibiotics may be prescribed. Antispasmodics are used to eliminate weakness and pain. To restore the intestinal microflora, it is prescribed medications containing prebiotics, probiotics and vitamins.

To provide first aid for acute gastroenterocolitis, gastric lavage is used. Used at home weak solution potassium permanganate. The washing procedure is carried out until liquid stops coming out along with pieces of undigested food.

In case of untimely treatment of the disease acute form develops into chronic.

If signs of acute gastroenterocolitis appear, it is necessary to promptly treat the disease. At home, replenishment should be provided water balance body. At food intoxication wash is used. Seeing a doctor will help develop a system of therapeutic measures to prevent the development of gastroenterocolitis.

The information on our website is provided by qualified doctors and is for informational purposes only. Don't self-medicate! Be sure to consult a specialist!

Gastroenterologist, professor, doctor medical sciences. Prescribes diagnostics and carries out treatment. Study Group Expert inflammatory diseases. Author of more than 300 scientific papers.

Gastroenterocolitis is a disease infectious nature with inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, namely, the mucous membranes of the stomach, small intestine, and colon. The disease can be either acute or chronic.

Signs of gastroenterocolitis always appear very clearly. They include symptoms of three components of this disease: gastritis, enteritis, colitis.

Acute gastritis usually begins with belching and nausea. Then pain appears in the upper abdomen. Pain is also felt when palpating the abdomen. Vomiting may occur. And the symptoms acute enteritis- frequent and loose stools, bloating, pain, nausea. Acute colitis characterized by very frequent stools, in which may contain mucus and blood. Abdominal pain is cramping in nature, the urge to defecate is very painful. These symptoms can appear either simultaneously or sequentially, gradually worsening the patient's condition.

The culprits of the disease

There are quite a few causes of gastroenterocolitis. Among them:

What would these unfavorable factors appeared as causes of gastroenterocolitis only enough:

• eating poor quality foods, unwashed fruits, vegetables, berries;
• eating large quantities, especially fatty foods;
• contact of children with a person suffering from gastroenterocolitis;

Rotavirus is the most dangerous source for children, causing the development of gastroenterocolitis.

Diet is one of the main means of treatment

When treating gastroenterocolitis, a properly selected diet is important. Nowadays, doctors do not recommend the previously used water-tea and fasting diets. Indeed, with any intestinal infection, the main function of the intestine remains digestive, and starvation diet can cause another disease - ketoacidosis (acetone). For children younger age It is recommended to reduce the amount of food initial stage illness by only 50%, but increase the frequency of meals (6-8 times a day).

For patients of all ages, there is an unambiguous requirement: products must be boiled or steamed, and food must be taken in pureed, pureed or liquid form. For gastroenterocolitis, a diet is prescribed that creates minimal stress on the child’s gastrointestinal tract. Difficult to digest food and food that contributes to the formation of putrefactive, fermentative processes are excluded from the diet. One of important conditions: exclude all foods that stimulate bile secretion, as well as foods that enhance the secretory functions of the stomach and pancreas.

Eat healthy!

The diet includes consumption following products: crackers, low-fat varieties meat and fish . Both meat and fish should be chopped or pureed. The best dairy products are pureed cottage cheese (calcined) and acidophilus milk. Children on this diet should prepare soups only with low-fat, weak broths, possibly with butter. It is permissible to add vegetable decoctions to soups. Eggs can be eaten soft-boiled and added to various dishes.

With gastroenterocolitis, the diet does not allow eating fatty fish and meat, or any fats (except butter), vegetables, fruits, any smoked meats, spices, pickled, canned food. You should not use pearl barley and millet grains in porridges and soups. Not recommended for children fresh bread, baked goods, pancakes and pancakes, sweets, carbonated drinks, grape juice. It is better to prepare jelly and jelly from the juices of berries and fruits (non-acidic), and decoctions from dried blueberries, black currants, and quinces.

These are the food requirements of diet No. 4. Due to fats and carbohydrates, it reduces the energy content of the diet, and the amount of proteins remains in physiological norm. The diet of infants with gastroenterocolitis does not exclude breast milk, and for supplementary feeding it is better to use fermented milk mixtures. For complementary feeding, nutritionists recommend 5-10% porridge (rice or buckwheat), low-lactose mixtures.

...and medicine to help

Treatment of this disease always involves hydration therapy. Severe forms Gastroenterocolitis is dangerous due to dehydration in children. But even if there is no such threat, the child should drink a lot - 5-6 glasses of liquid per day. Treatment of severe gastrointestinal tract intestinal infections involves the use of appropriate antibacterial agents.

Gastroenterocolitis is traditionally treated with sulfonamide drugs - disulfan, sulfidine, phthalazole, sulgin; adsorbents - calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate, coal, anti-inflammatory and analgesics - papaverine, kaolin, belladonna. Although modern medicine considers some of these drugs to be ineffective.

Gastroenterocolitis is usually treated with medical hospitals, therefore, the attending physician, based on the symptoms, will prescribe necessary medications individually.