Neutrophils 73. Decrease in segmented neutrophils in the blood: concept, causes, functions

Often, parents are faced with the fact that the baby's eyes swell, bruises, bags and circles appear under them. Edema is called an increase in the amount of water in the tissues. The volume of water becomes larger in the extracellular space, which does not belong to the vascular bed. Edema is divided into general and local.

General edema

If your baby has swollen eyes, examine him carefully. Perhaps there is swelling on the arms or legs. You can set the edema like this: pinch between the fingers skin fold child. If he has swelling of the tissues, then they will be pasty, and on some there will be pits at the site of compression.

To exclude kidney disease, observe if the baby has fluid retention in the body.

Measure the weight: if the water lingers, it will increase. You also need to know how much liquid your child needs on average. Check urinary frequency. If the child rarely goes to the toilet, and the urine is cloudy, you should consult a doctor.

Fluid retention may occur as a result of health problems: cardiac decompensation, hormonal imbalance, renal, hepatic, venous or lymphatic insufficiency.

If a child has nephrotic syndrome, then the edema will develop gradually. The weight will gradually increase. At first, swelling around the eyes will be noticeable, then it will appear general edema.

Swelling of the legs, general edema may be due to heart failure, which appears as a result birth defect hearts. Also, the accumulation of fluid can occur due to rheumatic inflammation of the myocardium, severe anemia. Associated features are shortness of breath, wheezing in the lungs, rapid pulse. If your child has these symptoms, you need to see a doctor!

There may be other reasons for fluid retention in tissues: inharmonious, unbalanced daily routine, sedentary image life, long stay in wrong postures(foot to foot, for example) unbalanced diet(lack of protein causes general swelling), overuse water and salt, allergic reaction to aspirin.

Local swelling of the eyes in newborns

Puffiness around the baby's eyes appears with conjunctivitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyelids), allergies to, profuse crying.

The face swells if the child has an allergic reaction to medications, food products, cosmetical tools.

Causes of bags under the eyes in children

Puffy eyes are affected by many factors.

Genetics: as a rule, the eyes of the parents also swell. Sleep deprivation: if the baby sleeps little, then swelling of the periorbital tissue is formed, which leads to undesirable consequences. Salt: Excessive consumption of salty foods also causes swelling, because it retains water in the body. Overwork: Quite often, the eyes swell due to overexertion. ABOUT structural features of the eyes, very fair skin: in some children, through the "transparent" skin is translucent capillary network which creates the effect of dark circles.

Diseases. Tissue swelling can cause various diseases: kidney and urinary systems, heart disease, vegetovascular dystonia, low level hemoglobin, metabolic disorders, increased intracranial pressure, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, respiratory infections, inflammation of the sinuses, teething-related conjunctivitis or nasal congestion, problems with the tear ducts.

If your child has blue under the eyes, pay attention to his lifestyle. The child should sleep at least eight hours daily. Maybe your child good rest it takes ten hours. Provide your baby enough vitamins, walk a lot fresh air. Provided that the child feels easy and comfortable, moves a lot and has a good rest, does not cry, then the blue under the eyes will disappear.

If the baby has wrong mode day, lack of sleep, he does not have enough oxygen and he often cries, then the circles under the eyes will increase. Consult with a neurologist. Perhaps the child will need to undergo a course of soothing treatments: baths with the addition of sea salt, herbal preparations, oxygen cocktails. Make sure that your child is engaged in wellness procedures to strengthen immunity.

The postpartum period for a baby is stressful, his body can react differently, which will surely frighten parents. One such factor is swollen eyelids.

Is this normal, is there any reason to be concerned? Why a baby (month-old or older) has swollen eyelids from above or there is swelling under the eyes, how to help a newborn, what are the first actions of parents in this situation - we will talk about everything in detail in this article.

Swollen lower and upper eyelids - why is this happening

Eye swelling in a newborn during the first 5-7 days is normal. If they persist longer, then this should alert. Consider the causes that can lead to swollen eyelids in a baby.

Possible barley - an infection provoked by staphylococcus aureus. Inflammation strikes hair follicles, there is inflammation. Initially, it will be point, but in the absence of therapy measures, it can spread to the entire eyelid.

The appearance of barley is possible due to the following factors or conditions:

Diseases of the stomach, intestines;
Diabetes;
Weakened immunity.

With barley in a child, the eyelid increases, begins to turn red, and the temperature may rise. Affected follicles fill with pus, swell, and then burst. After that, the baby usually feels better, swelling and temperature go away.

Do not try to squeeze the child yourself. You can damage his eye, bring an infection. At professional treatment the disease usually resolves quickly, so parents need to call a doctor as soon as possible. With barley, the essence of therapy is instillation into the affected eye and treatment of the affected eyelid with dry heat.

Another common cause of swollen eyes in a newborn is. This is an infectious disease, manifested by profuse lacrimation, redness, high temperature. Conjunctivitis is treated simply, but if the process is started, then serious complications are possible, up to blindness.

If the films are not removed from the eyes, we can talk about diphtheria conjunctivitis - serious illness. The child needs urgent hospitalization. Conjunctivitis with spotting is the result of an infection in birth canal gonococcus. The disease is usually treated easily if the right measures are taken in a timely manner.

Puffy eyes in a baby can be the result of an allergy. There can be a lot of factors that provoke it: food, medicines, animal hair, dust.

More often, babies "outgrow" the allergy - after some time it disappears on its own.

But it is important to take measures that will help make the child feel better, otherwise the allergic reaction may turn into more serious problems. You need to see a dermatologist. He usually appoints antihistamines, special hypoallergenic diet nursing mother.

Possible the following reasons swelling of the eyelids in a newborn:

Furunculosis. Usually accompanied by elevated body temperature. Needs treatment for stationary conditions sometimes surgery is required.
Respiratory diseases. Swelling of the eyelids is possible with a cold. Be sure to call your child's pediatrician.
. harmless reason, but in the fragile body of the baby, it can cause allergies. More often, doctors recommend the use of antihistamines, the use of ointments that relieve swelling.
Ptosis- inadequate development of the muscle responsible for lifting upper eyelid. The condition causes discomfort to the baby, requires the intervention of a doctor.
Eyelid edema may result from acute or chronic cardiac decompensation, renal, hepatic, venous, lymphatic insufficiency, hormonal disorders.

These conditions threaten the life of the child and need urgent hospitalization.

What to do for parents of babies

When passing through the birth canal, the baby is faced with compression, pressure, discomfort, therefore, at first, swelling of the eyelids and narrowing of the eye lumen to one degree or another are possible.

It is considered normal if it passes in 5-7 days. But if the swelling of the eyelids lasts longer, and especially if lacrimation is additionally noted, fever, discharge of pus, redness, then it is important to consult a pediatrician as soon as possible.

The human eye is a very fragile mechanism. It is important that its treatment be timely and professional - otherwise, consequences are possible, up to complete blindness. The doctor will diagnose necessary tests and appropriate measures. You cannot self-medicate.

Note to parents: what you need to know about eye diseases in children? Read about such diseases:

Help baby

The necessary measures will depend on what caused the problem.. When barley is prescribed eye drops, ointments and physiotherapeutic procedures.

With conjunctivitis, instillations, tetracycline ointment and eyewash with chamomile decoction are indicated.

If you have allergies, you need to visit a doctor and undergo appropriate tests to identify the allergen. Then treatment will be given. Edema may result different states: It is better to consult a specialist immediately.

You cannot self-medicate. If you are alerted by the swollen eyelids of the baby, then consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Do not put bandages on your eyes. If the child has barley, do not squeeze out the pus yourself, as the infection can spread and provoke meningitis and other complications.

There are many reasons for puffy eyes in babies. In any case, contacting a professional will help to avoid a number of negative consequences.

In contact with

Most difficult period in the life of a baby are the first days after birth. And although the huge loads experienced by him during childbirth have already been left behind, it often depends on these first days how favorable the forecast for the further well-being of the crumbs will be. After all, it is at this time that certain postpartum complications or let me know congenital diseases and developmental defects.

One of these complications can be edema in newborns. The reasons for them are not always clear and localization can be very different, but what it is serious reason for examinations and treatment - no doubt. Who is most susceptible to this complication?

First of all, these are premature babies and babies with Rh-conflict with their mother. As well as newborns with pathologies in the development of organs abdominal cavity, lymphatic and circulatory system, brain damage, tumors, infections.

The causes that most often cause edema may be violations in the outflow of lymph due to compression or damage to the limb, trauma to the skin, infectious diseases that can provoke edema, as well as heart failure, allergies, and some hereditary diseases associated with metabolism.

Most often, edema appears on the 3-4th day of the baby's life. Further, its increase is noted over several days, and then a gradual attenuation. It is not difficult to identify puffiness in a newborn - an unusual protrusion of any parts of the body, swelling, hyperemia, cyanosis or pallor of the skin above them - all this will immediately alert an experienced neonatologist.

In addition, in addition to mild edema, most often formed in newborns, their more unfavorable types are also distinguished - scleredema and sclerema. And if the first is characterized by edema, which does not provoke either inflammatory or congestion in the tissues, then the second is a very hard edema that covers certain part or the whole body and completely blocks the functions of the limbs.

By localization, edema in newborns can be local, limited to any part of the body, and generalized - extending to large area or even covering the whole body of an infant. As a rule, they occur on the lower and upper limbs, genitals and abdomen of the newborn.

Depending on the degree of softness of the tissues and the localization of the edema, the doctor may choose different kinds treatment. But before they spend comprehensive assessment child's condition, blood tests, abdominal ultrasound, cardiac monitoring, X-ray chest and belly. Further, depending on the diagnosis, measures are taken to eliminate the cause of the edema, and diuretics are used to remove excess fluid from the body.

In general, swelling in newborns is quite serious complication. The sooner they take medical measures the more favorable prognosis for the future of the newborn. That is why it is very important that the first days of your baby's life pass under constant surveillance doctors.

It is useful for future and young mothers to know about some features of appearance newborn babies in advance.

If you are a young mother, then imagine a newborn as a plump and smiling creature with cute folds on the arms and legs. Know that life is not like that! Here mother takes a first look at newborn baby, and it seems to her that something is wrong with the baby: big head, tiny body, crooked legs and arms, blotchy skin.

Don't be upset if newborn baby Doesn't look like the baby in the picture at all. Babies are rarely born pink, plump and smooth. Usually, newborns have some features of appearance that disappear after some time after birth. And in order to dispel doubts and fears, you just need to talk about it with the doctor in the hospital.

NEWBORN HEAD SHAPE

Often a mother is frightened at the sight of the non-standard shape of her head. newborn baby- flattened, elongated to the top and, in general, more like an egg than a round head.

The baby's head is egg-shaped because during childbirth, the bones of his skull adjust to the mother's birth canal. And since this passage is narrow, the head takes on an oblong shape. Literally within a few days, the head of the newborn will become the usual round shape.
Do you think your baby's head is too big? It could be like optical illusion, and hereditary trait(if your family has big-headed relatives).
It happens that mothers get upset when a child is born completely bald, without a single hair on his head. But that doesn't mean it will stay that way. Hair can appear only by 7-8 months of life. However, the first hair usually falls out. And by the year the baby will definitely acquire permanent hair.
Stroking head newborn baby, mom gropes for soft depressions, tightened with thin pulsating membranes. This fontanelles- places on the bones of the skull that have not yet closed. Usually, fontanelles are delayed by a year, but if this happened earlier, then it means that idiosyncrasy baby's body.

In general, according to observations of obstetricians and neonatologists, in Lately babies are more likely to be born small fontanel. Fine fontanel approximately 1-3 cm, but sometimes less. Many doctors believe it is caused by a little higher dose vitamins that pregnant women receive during gestation. But even if fontanel inhaled early, continue to give your child vitamin D.

Well, and, perhaps, the funniest thing that amazes mom newborn baby, is a snake tongue! The tip of the baby's tongue seems to be slightly forked, because the tongue seems to have grown together with the bottom oral cavity and it is still difficult for him to stretch forward. Do not hesitate: he will definitely do this within the first year of life.

EYES IN NEWBORN

Often, though not always, looking at the baby's eyes, the surprised mother asks herself: why are they so blue, like the surface of the sea? Really, many babies are born with eyes blue color, but by 6 months, the color of the eyes will change to its own. And then mom will understand exactly who the charming eyes are.

Sometimes it happens that you can't see it at all. newborn eye color because... he can't open them. This is due to postpartum edema, if the head “stood” for some time in the birth canal. Don't worry, the swelling will go away by itself.

Sometimes the edema causes an infection of the eyes, but in this case it is always accompanied by mucous or purulent-mucous discharge from the eye. This is treated even in the hospital, and the swelling goes away without consequences.

What else can a baby surprise mommy with is strabismus. Which is not uncommon for newborns. Doctors attribute strabismus to weakness in the abductor muscle of the eye. By six months, this condition goes away on its own.

It also happens that newborn eyes are bright red. For example, in the case of a hemorrhage caused by a lack of oxygen during pregnancy or the fact that the child had a difficult birth. The vessels suffer greatly with a lack of oxygen, but then everything passes without a trace.

HEAD, HAIR, FELLOW, LANGUAGE OF A NEWBORN

AT BIRTH:WHEN WILL THE "DEFECT" DISAPPEAR? oblong headNewborn baby baldBy 7-8 months or later, depends on the genes. The first hair falls out. By 1 year there will be permanent hairs, which can then darken.Fontanelles - unfused bones of the skullBy 1 year old or soonerForked tongue By 1 year

HYPERTONUS IN A NEWBORN

No matter how much mom tried to say hello to the baby, taking him by the fingers. So far, she is unlikely to succeed because of tightly clenched fists newborn. The pose, when the arms are pressed to the body, and the legs are twisted and tucked up to the stomach, is sublimely called the pose of the Buddha by doctors. All newborns are in this position, which is caused increased tone flexor muscles in arms and legs.

Moms should not have worries about this until 3-4 months. Up to this age, increased muscle tone- the norm. By 3 months, the child should begin to unclench and clench his fists, and try to grab the toy with his fingers. If this does not happen, then the problem will have to be solved with the help of a neurologist who will prescribe massage, swimming, and gymnastics.

Look at the legs and arms newborn, mothers sometimes notice a cyanotic tint of the feet and cams. This is due to the fact that his blood circulation has not yet improved, and as soon as he moves more energetically, his feet and fists will immediately turn pink.
Mom worries that the baby's feet are strongly wrapped inward or outward. Both of these are due to muscle weakness in ankle joint. Such phenomena are caused by hypoxia (lack of oxygen) during pregnancy. However, you should not worry about this, because such defects are very well corrected with the help of massage.
Sometimes milk comes out of swollen nipples. It turns out that this is quite normal phenomenon- as for newborns boys as well as for girls. It's a hormonal crisis newborn. It is caused by the mother's hormones getting into the baby's blood. Everything will pass by itself. But in no case should you squeeze milk out of the nipples! Enough to put on them dry heat. Allocations appear on the 3-5th day of the baby's life, last a week and pass.
Some young mothers looking at their newborns boys, do not find their testicles in a natural place. If this happens, then it means that the testicle did not have time to descend into the groin before birth and got stuck in the canal. Up to a year there is no need to be nervous. If the situation has not changed, then the testicles are "brought out" surgically, since they should not be in the abdominal cavity. There is also a reverse situation, the baby is born with large swollen testicles. It is caused by swelling of the testicular lining. He is not treated and passes by itself, but the surgeon observes the baby.
Real panic is sometimes caused bloody issues from the vagina in girls, although there is nothing wrong with that. This is the same hormonal crisis that causes milk to come out of the nipples, and it also passes.
And one more "thing" causes bewilderment of mothers - navels. The stump of the umbilical cord turned outward looks unaesthetic, but this is not for long. After 10 days, it falls off, and the navel takes on a beautiful ornate shape of a sleeping snail.

FLUFF ON THE SKIN OF A NEWBORN

Leather newborn baby does not immediately become beautiful: tender, smooth and pink. At first, it can be frustrating. Red spots, fluff, peeling, protruding vessels, birthmarks. Let's figure it out What should be a concern and what shouldn't?

Sometimes a baby is born with a bright pink skin color, fluff and very big amount generic lubricant. All this is caused by the immaturity of the skin. newborn baby and disappears as it grows.
Moms don't have to worry about flaky skin either. newborn. It turns out that after several baths, the entire old epidermis peels off, and the baby's skin is renewed.
Red spots with jagged edges also should not cause fear in parents. Sometimes this is a manifestation of an allergy caused by a maternal malnutrition, and sometimes allergic reaction on the waste products of microbes that inhabit the sterile skin of the baby. In this case, you just need to drink well newborn, and the allergen itself will be excreted from the body.
Some babies are born with red vascular webs. These so-called vascular nevi, although not terrible for the baby, do not go away with age, like brown birthmarks. With wine and Mongoloid birthmarks, children also remain for life. Wine birthmarks of red color occur in children of all nationalities. But Mongoloid blue spots, as a rule, appear in children of southern nations or Asians.
On the 3rd day of life, the skin newborns acquires an icteric color. If mom has negative Rh factor, and the child has a positive or the mother has I blood type, and the child has a different and jaundice appears on the 1st day of life, then additional examinations blood.

WHEN WILL "DEFECTS" IN NEWBORNS WILL DISAPPEAR?

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEWBORN WHEN AND WHAT WILL CHANGE? Newborn eyes: Most often blue at birthAfter six months, they will acquire their permanent colorStrabismus in newborns Six months later Swelling and redness of the eyes of newbornsA few days after giving birthNewborn arms and legs: Bluish feet and fists in a newbornIt will pass, it is worth moving a littleFeet turned inwardFeet turned outWith the help of massage will be gone by 1 yearHypertonicity of the muscles of the newbornWith the help of massage will be gone by 1 year

LOVE FOR THE NEWBORN

After giving birth, mommy experiences feelings of great happiness. This also has physiological cause- change hormonal background. She immediately falls in love with her baby without looking back. If the mother, immediately after birth, did not splash happiness on the baby later, then this is due to different reasons but not the view newborn.

This often happens if newborn baby immediately taken away from my mother. Then this joy passes to the medical staff, the surrounding doctors - how wonderful everyone is around! Sometimes the connection begins to break down even during pregnancy: if the beloved left the mother or she is immersed in some other problems with her head.

In this case, it is desirable that the mother in postpartum ward was with newborn baby. But if it is completely unpleasant for her to take care of the baby, then for him it is very bad. Because from her hands the child "reads" the attitude towards himself. Then it's better for mom to help someone else. Meanwhile, she herself slowly and gradually entered into this process.

Even newborn not quite attractive, for mom he is super handsome. In schools for pregnant women, many mothers, watching educational films, are horrified appearance newborns. But as soon as their own baby is born, their point of view changes dramatically. Mine child becomes the most charming, despite all the features newborns.

Moms are just not capable of critically approaching newborn baby. They love him the way he is. However, a few hours after the birth, the mother may have anxiety. Why is the baby's head shape different? Why is his skin peeling? Where are the red spots from? mommy reviews newborn and worries. But not because he is not handsome, but because she wants to help him. She loves him already!

“He is so pretty, so small, so fragile,” says the mother and seeks support from doctors. And this is understandable: she is already driven by the most powerful love in the world - maternal.

Sometimes the face of a newborn has a flat or slightly concave structure. This is influenced by the position of the baby in the uterus during pregnancy and heavy loads experienced during childbirth. Usually, the baby's face returns to normal during the first weeks of life.

Eye swelling

It is noted in many newborns and refers to quite normal consequences childbirth, during which the baby's head experiences strong pressure. The baby's eyes may turn red - this is a reaction to the application medical preparations to protect against infections used immediately after childbirth. Swollen eyes return to normal within a few days, and red streaks on the cornea of the eye can last for about three weeks.

Milia

Yellowish-white blisters on the surface of the nose in newborns are called milia. Their appearance is caused by clogged skin pores. Milia should not be pierced, squeezed, treated with lotions and ointments. After one or two months after childbirth, the pores of the skin will begin to expand on their own, and the milia will disappear.

birthmarks

Birthmarks in humans are just as unique distinguishing feature like his fingerprints. Many babies are born with a birthmark. Some of them disappear over time, and some remain for life. Most birthmarks are normal, not pathological. There is a whole classification of birthmarks. Here are their types:

coffee stain. flat birthmark It has the color "coffee with milk". These birthmarks are common. Their number on the body can be from one to several. Sometimes these spots lighten or completely disappear with time, and on tanned skin they become barely noticeable.

wine stain. A large, flat, red or purple birthmark. It is formed by the accumulation of subcutaneous blood vessels. Sometimes such a spot can brighten, but never completely disappears. Treatment of this type of stain is possible for aesthetic purposes.

Mongolian spot- a spot of blue, black, red-blue or blue-black. Such a spot is typical for the Mongoloid and African races; it is rare among Europeans. It is located mainly on the lower back, buttocks or legs. It has the peculiarity of disappearing on its own at the age of one to seven years.

Strawberry hemangioma. A strawberry-colored spot slightly protruding above the surface of the skin. It has a small size and a well-defined shape. Doesn't need special treatment, as it usually disappears at the age of 5-9 years.

"Stork Bite"- it's a birthmark Pink colour. It is located on the back of the head or in the eye area. Such spots are caused by damage to blood vessels, and gradually resolve on their own.

Moles. small spots various shapes meet everyone. Moles are light brown to black in color, most of them small size. They are flat or raised above the skin, may have hairline. Moles do not require treatment, but they do need sun protection and monitoring.