Syphilis prevention measures. Types and methods of prevention of syphilis in different categories of patients

Prevention of syphilis should start with lifestyle. Don't take casual sex for granted. Believe me, none thrill not worth long months spent in the hospital for treatment of a very serious illness. If your partner gives no reason not to trust him, and you know each other enough to support serious relationship, then the risk of contracting syphilis is minimized.

However, no one is immune from mistakes, and there is no need to rush to condemn those who did. If it so happened that you still had sexual contact with random person, and even more so, if you did not use a condom, do not hesitate, play it safe and follow the following algorithm.

Try to get to where syphilis is treated within two hours. Prevention of this disease in such institutions is also one of the main activities, and you will definitely be accepted. Now it is necessary to treat the genitals and other parts of the body where infection can occur. This procedure helps prevent the development of the disease. A week after this visit, you need to visit the venereologist again to undergo a second examination and consolidate the results.

If for any objective reason you could not visit a doctor after unprotected intercourse, then a few weeks after it you need to be examined for diseases transmitted in this way, including syphilis. Diagnostics carried out earlier than the specified period will not give accurate objective results, because it will not be completed. incubation period.

Do not self-medicate - do not waste time on unnecessary or even harmful activities. If your relationship with your partner is developing rapidly, suggest that he be screened for syphilis and other infections. If your relationship is dear to him, and trust is a fundamental element for both of you, then the examination will take place.

Syphilis can also be contracted in a household way. This happens if they live in the same house or apartment healthy people along with an infected person. Prevention of syphilis in this case consists in strict and constant observance of all the rules of personal hygiene, namely:

Everyone should use only their own dishes, they need to be washed in hot water using bactericidal agent.

Items such as washcloths, towels, and others should be kept separate for everyone, and they also need to be stored in separate places.

All intimate contacts with the patient must be excluded - there should not only be sexual intercourse with a carrier of the disease, but even kisses.

Syphilis prophylaxis should be carried out on public level. It is carried out according to the same scheme, according to which the prevention of other diseases that are sexually transmitted is carried out.

This is a regular medical examination citizens who are more at risk of contracting syphilis (these are drug addicts, prostitutes, homosexuals). It is also necessary to examine pregnant women. Women in position take such tests repeatedly to avoid risk. It is necessary to keep a strict record of patients with syphilis, regularly examine their family members and sexual partners. We need to control the treatment of syphilis, recovered. In many organizations, mandatory employees have been introduced, without a certificate of passage of which people are not allowed to work. This is especially true for educational institutions, organizations involved and so on.

Prevention of syphilis is a reliable protection against a serious illness. Don't take your health and your life lightly.

Prevention of syphilis is a set of fairly simple measures, the observance of which will help protect against a life-threatening disease. It is not surprising that the disease is classified as a group of socially significant problems: it is easily transmitted, but it is very difficult to get rid of the disease even today. That is why the questions of general and individual prevention syphilis must be taken seriously.

Features of the disease

Almost every one of us is at risk of this disease. But in order to prevent infection and avoid a lot of trouble, you need to be as knowledgeable as possible in the following issues related to syphilis:

etiology;
epidemiology;
clinic;
prevention.

Etiology

Let's start in order. The cause of syphilis, like any other infectious disease, becomes contagious pathogenic microorganisms. In this case, the causative agent of infection is pale treponema. These microbes multiply by transverse division in a 30-hour cycle. In blood or serum at a temperature of +4 °C, the infection is viable throughout the day. This feature is important to consider during direct blood transfusion. Pale treponema instantly dies in a dry environment under the influence of ultraviolet rays and high temperatures (above +42 °С). Microbes die in contact with preparations of arsenic, mercury and bismuth. In frozen tissues, treponema live for several weeks, and in a humid environment - no more than 15 hours. The infection enters the human body through the damaged epidermis or mucous membranes.

Epidemiology

Only a person can get sick with syphilis, and therefore an infected patient is a source of infection transmission. The disease can be acquired or congenital. Elementary reminders of syphilis prevention are present in medical institutions in almost all countries of the world, but, unfortunately, the disease continues to be diagnosed everywhere. In some states or certain regions the incidence can reach almost epidemic proportions.

Clinic (symptoms)

Not only healthy people need to know about the prevention of syphilis, but also those who have already contracted the infection. As you know, this disease occurs in several stages, at each of which the probability of transmission of the pathogen and the route of infection change. The main symptom of syphilis is the appearance of hard ulcers (chancre). Foci of erosion are painless, especially on initial stages, have a bright color and clear oval borders. In addition, the disease may be accompanied by:

persistent subfebrile condition;
insomnia;
headaches;
aches in the body, joints, bones;
malaise;
swelling of the genitals.

Transmission of infection through sexual contact

Most often, syphilis is contracted during vaginal, anal and oral sex. With unprotected intercourse with a carrier of pale treponema, the probability of “picking up” the disease reaches 80%. Women are especially susceptible to infection. In this case, the main measure for the prevention of syphilis will be the use of a condom or a latex napkin.

Disease prevention

For those who are active sexual life should be tested at least once a year for sexually transmitted infections, including syphilis.
Both men and women need to avoid sexual intercourse with casual and little-known partners.
It is important to use barrier methods of contraception. Reception hormonal drugs and installation intrauterine device prevent the onset unwanted pregnancy, but do not protect against pale treponema.

In addition, it should be remembered that a condom does reduce the chances of infection, but does not completely eliminate them. The likelihood of infection increases if you have sex with a partner whose body is strewn with chancre. Do not neglect the condom and oral caresses - it is the refusal to use latex products that leads to the appearance of bright red erosive ulcers in the mouth.

On the Web, you can find other recommendations for the prevention of syphilis. Women after unsafe sex are advised to immediately urinate, wash their genitals with soap and douche with a bactericidal composition. However, the effectiveness of such measures to prevent syphilis is extremely negligible. In addition, frequent vaginal douching cause disturbances in the composition of the microflora, which often become the causes of a number of gynecological problems.

Household syphilis

Infectious are syphilitic rashes with an erosive or ulcerative surface, saliva, semen, breast milk, blood and lymph fluid. The household route of infection transmission is relevant through direct contact with ulcerative foci. A serous fluid is released from the syphilitic chancre, teeming with representatives of pale treponema. With close household contact with the patient and the presence of damage to the skin, the chances of infection increase.

How not to get infected from a patient with syphilis, living with him in the same house

You can protect yourself from infection, but it is important to follow a number of rules regarding personal hygiene, the use of certain items, etc. Living in the same room with an infected person poses a real threat to all households. First of all, you need:

Exclude any touching and bodily contact, including hugs, handshakes and kisses.
A person with syphilis should have individual dishes and cutlery. It must be washed separately from the rest, after which it must be treated with disinfectant solutions.
Under no circumstances should personal hygiene items be shared. Toothbrush, washcloth, razors) and everyday items (towels, bed linen, clothes, etc.).
It is important to regularly disinfect the bathtub, sink, toilet bowl.

Hematological mode of infection

Syphilis is also transmitted through the blood. Treponema pallidum can be contracted by direct transfusion blood. However, this type of infection frequent occurrence among drug addicts using one syringe. For people leading normal image life, the chances of infection are minimal because:

if necessary, transfusion donated blood promptly examine for the detection of pale treponema;
the causative agent of syphilis dies during storage of blood or its conservation after 4-5 days.

intrauterine infection

As such, the prevention of congenital syphilis does not exist. If a future mother infected, with a probability of up to 90%, we can talk about infection of the fetus. It most often occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy. Pale treponema first affects the placenta, and through it - the child. When infected with syphilis during the period of gestation, it is impossible to bring the pregnancy to the due date. But even if the fetus survives in the mother's womb, then such a child is born with congenital syphilis and, as a result, severe lesions internal organs.

Prevention during pregnancy

It is necessary to undergo laboratory tests for syphilis at the stage of motherhood planning.
All women during pregnancy should take a blood test for RV (Wasserman reaction, RW) several times.
If at least one of the results is positive, additional research. When the diagnosis is confirmed, a pregnant woman will have to undergo antibiotic treatment.
After treatment and prevention of syphilis, women should be registered and observed by a doctor for about a year.

If a preventive therapy turns out to be ineffective, the pregnant woman is offered to terminate the pregnancy by medical indications. To avoid having to make this difficult choice, all girls planning a pregnancy should be screened for STDs beforehand. For the purpose of prevention after syphilis, you do not need to immediately abandon contraceptives. They must be used until confirmed. complete cure from infection with multiple test results.

Urgent preventive measures

After unprotected sex with a potential carrier of pale treponema, there is still a chance to prevent infection and the development of the disease. This can be done within the first two days after intercourse.

Emergency prophylaxis consists in consultation and urgent examination by a venereologist. Since such a disease in the initial stages is characterized by a latent course, the doctor will prescribe treatment in addition to the prevention of syphilis. In clinics, venereologists prescribe strong antibiotics that help in as soon as possible kill an infection that has not yet spread.

But remember that self-take similar drugs it is forbidden. Incorrectly selected dosage, regimen or inappropriate active substance can produce reverse effect, prolonging the incubation period, and provoke a false negative result of a blood test for RV.

After some time, you should re-donate blood for syphilis to make sure there is no infection. For greater certainty, the specialist will advise you to undergo a second study in a couple of months. If during this period no symptoms appear, there is no doubt about the effectiveness of the prophylaxis.

Medical ways to prevent syphilis

By the way, today there is no optimal vaccination against this disease, so the use medicines and emergency prophylaxis are the only current methods protection.

Speaking about the specific prevention of syphilis, it is worth noting that it is carried out independently by a person who has been exposed to the risk of infection as a result of communication with an unreliable sexual partner. Such prevention is carried out with the help of pocket funds. Before using drugs, be sure to read the instructions. To prevent syphilis without prior approval from your doctor, you can use:

"Chlorhexidine".
Miramistin.
"Cidipol".
"Gibitan".

Specific prophylaxis of syphilis is carried out by both sexes. For men, take 2-3% water solution"Protargola", "Gibitana", "Cidipol". Women should use a more gentle concentration (1-2%) solution of silver nitrate and other antimicrobial agents.

How to stop the spread of infection

Despite numerous measures to prevent syphilis, a lot depends on the behavior infected people. In order to prevent further transmission of infection, infected individuals should observe a number of restrictions:

Upon receipt positive result analysis, treatment should be started immediately. There should be no delays or interruptions in therapy, as this is dangerous not only for the patient himself, but also for his loved ones.
Be sure to report the diagnosis to all sexual partners, especially those with whom there was sexual contact during the incubation period.
Despite the fact that the patient's condition allows for treatment at home, hospitalization in a dermatological dispensary will be of primary importance. Within the walls of a medical institution, under the supervision of specialists, the patient must take medication every 3 hours for 2-3 weeks. There are other treatment regimens, according to which the patient is given an injection once a week. antibacterial drug prolonged action, but such therapy needs more careful monitoring.
After completing the course of treatment, it is important to continue visiting the venereologist and periodically take tests.

syphilis can long time recur, alternating with periods of remission. The duration of treatment of the disease is determined on an individual basis. It can last from several weeks to several years.

Prevention of the disease is largely ensured by the use of condoms - the simplest means barrier contraception. If the infection is detected at an early stage and adequately treated, the prognosis for the patient is favorable. Meanwhile, cases lethal outcome, provoked by serious complications due to syphilis, is not uncommon today. This circumstance is associated not only with the individual capabilities of a weakened immune system body, but also neglect of medical prescriptions, unwillingness to change lifestyle.

Some sexually transmitted diseases, especially in chronic form, cause severe complications and serious violations work internal systems and organs. Syphilis belongs to the group dangerous pathologies that lead to damage to the kidneys, heart and liver. For this reason, doctors recommend that you familiarize yourself with the methods of its prevention in advance.

Syphilis is the causative agent

The disease in question is provoked by a Gram-negative anaerobic microorganism from the spirochete species called pale treponema. This bacterium has developed resistance to many types of antibiotics and is able to defend itself against them with the help of a membrane shell. It is able to dissolve collagen and attach to healthy cells, so pale treponema causes:

violation of vascular nutrition of tissues;
ulcerative defects;
necrosis;
decreased protein synthesis;
erosion;
damage to internal organs.

How do you get syphilis?

The main way of infection is any sexual intercourse with a sick partner without a barrier, including oral and anal sex. If a woman became pregnant or was already carrying a child at the time of infection, the fetus is likely - the risk group includes infants whose mothers were not exposed effective treatment. Another infection option involves direct contact with the patient's blood:

transfusion;
use of one injection syringe;
performing medical manipulations (professional way of transmission).

Is it possible to catch syphilis in a household way?

Treponema pallidum survives outside human body for several days and remains resistant to low temperatures. The answer to the question, is it possible to get syphilis household way, positive, but it is extremely rare cases infections. The bacterium has viability on objects with which the mucous membranes of a sick person or his open ulcers came into contact:

tableware;
Toothbrush;
towels;
cutlery;
bed sheets.

If healthy people live or work closely with an infected person, they must undergo a medical examination. Even in the absence of infection, further specific prophylaxis syphilis and regular monitoring. The patient himself must carefully monitor his own hygiene, use only personal household items from the above list.

The causative agents of the described pathology also live in oral cavity, especially if characteristic chancres are present on its mucous membranes ( ulcer erosion). To questions whether it is possible to get syphilis through saliva, and whether pale treponema is transmitted by kissing, venereologists answer positively. It is important to exclude such close contact with a sick person until recovery.

Can you get syphilis with a condom?

Barrier contraceptives are considered effective method prevent infection, but they do not guarantee 100% protection. When figuring out whether you can get syphilis when using a condom, you need to remember the following facts:

improper storage and use of the product leads to a violation of its integrity;
pale treponemas also enter the body with saliva, through wounds on the skin or mucous membranes;
low-quality condoms tend to break;
fat-based lubricants destroy the material from which the contraceptive is made.

In view of the above arguments, the prevention of sexual syphilis should not be limited only to the use of barrier protective equipment. Their incorrect use, manufacturing defects and other circumstances can lead to infection with the disease in question. Often, venereologist patients are not even aware of the infection with pale treponema.

Syphilis - prevention methods

Maximum effective way To prevent infection with this pathology, compliance with the general recommendations of a specialist is considered. Prevention measures for syphilis:

Avoid casual intimate relationships.
Always use high quality condoms for all types of sex (oral, genital, anal).
Visit your doctor regularly for routine checkups.
Regularly take a smear for a laboratory test.
Don't kiss people you don't know.
Use only personal hygiene accessories.
When visiting hotels and similar establishments, carefully check the cleanliness of the room, the cleanliness of bath accessories and surfaces in the bathroom.
If there is a patient with syphilis in the family or at work, do not take his dishes, clothes and household items.

When unprotected casual intercourse occurs, it is important to immediately take measures to prevent infection with pale treponema. Prevention of infection with syphilis in such cases involves:

washing with soapy water;
urination;
thorough treatment of the genitals, their deep rinsing (Gibitan, Miramistin, Tsidipol and others).

Such prevention of syphilis does not guarantee high-quality protection, therefore, in the near future after intimate connection it is important to make an appointment with a venereologist and describe the situation to him. The doctor will direct you to the necessary laboratory tests and prescribe a course of preventive drug therapy. This treatment helps to 100% prevent infection with pale treponema and the spread of infection.

Specific prophylaxis of syphilis

Physicians have not yet developed effective drugs that can protect the body from the pathology in question for a long time, like antiviral vaccines. It is impossible to develop an immune response to syphilis in advance - there is no prevention of a specific type of disease. For this reason, it is important to diligently observe all general recommendations venereologists listed above.

Medical prevention of syphilis

If you suspect infection with pale treponema, the specialist draws up a course of preventive treatment. An antibiotic is selected individually for the prevention of syphilis, supporting and antifungals. An important condition the complete elimination of bacteria is the constant maintenance high concentration antimicrobial drug in blood. Otherwise, pale treponema quickly develops resistance to the drug.

Tablets for the prevention of syphilis are selected from pathogens that are sensitive to this type of antibiotic. The following funds are mainly assigned:

procaine benzylpenicillin;
sodium salt of benzylpenicillin;
novocaine salt of penicillin.

Prevention of syphilis during pregnancy

If, the risk of fetal damage is high, genetic abnormalities, stillbirth and other deplorable consequences. To prevent complications, prevention of congenital syphilis should be carried out up to 4-5 months of gestation. At this time pathogenic bacterium crosses the placental barrier and enters the baby's body.

What injections are given to prevent syphilis and take pills in the situation described, only the gynecologist and venereologist decide. Antibiotics are also selected from penicillin series, but their concentration and duration of the therapeutic course should correspond to the gestational age, condition and indicators of the development of the fetus. Exclusively qualified specialist can draw up an optimal treatment regimen so as not to harm the child and effectively eliminate colonies of pale treponema.

Prevention after treatment of syphilis

Even a confirmed recovery does not indicate the complete disappearance of the pathogen from the body. Exists latent form pathology in which the tests are negative, but the bacteria are present in the blood and on the mucous membranes, they are just not too active yet. Measures to prevent syphilis to prevent relapse:

Visit a venereologist for examinations every 1, 3, 6, 12 months (depending on the form and severity of the disease). Dispensary observation lasts 2-5 years.
Serological control tests should be carried out regularly, preferably once every 3 months. Termination decision laboratory research the doctor will take with persistent negative reactions.
Prevent infection on your own. The patient should undergo standard general prevention syphilis described above.

Reasons for the development of syphilis

The main route of infection with syphilis is sexual, less common household. There is also a vertical route of infection: from mother to fetus, it is characteristic of congenital syphilis.

The highest incidence of syphilis occurs between the ages of 20 and 29 years. AT last years syphilitic infection is more common than before in children and adolescents.

Primary syphilis is slightly more common in men than in women. At the same time, the secondary latent syphilis more common in women.

Man as the cause of infection with syphilis

What types of treatment for syphilis are available today?

There are several types of treatment for syphilis:

Specific. Once diagnosed, treatment is with antibiotics. But since they kill not only malicious ones, but also beneficial microbes, then vitamins and drugs that increase immune defense organism.
Preventive. It is prescribed to persons who have been in contact with a patient with syphilis during the infectious stage of the disease.
Preventive. Applies to pregnant women who have had syphilis before or have this disease for this moment. And also to children whose mothers were infected during pregnancy.
Trial. It is prescribed for suspected specific damage to internal organs in the absence of the ability to confirm the diagnosis with convincing laboratory data.
Epidemiological, or syndromic. Based on history and clinical picture at total absence opportunities for laboratory diagnostics.

How is syphilis treated in the early stages?

What drugs to treat syphilis in the early stages? Treatment of primary and secondary syphilis is carried out according to the same methods. During therapy, a course of antibiotics is used for 2 weeks.

After is entered large dose prolonged penicillin. 30 minutes before the injection, a suprastin or tavegil tablet is given.

There are also some other treatment regimens. But they are all selected individually. The most popular scheme treatment - administration of penicillin drugs long-acting. The injections are given once a week. In the early stages, syphilis responds well to treatment, so 1 to 3 injections are enough.

Skin rashes that begin in the second stage of the disease are treated with chlorhexidine with penicillin dissolved in saline. Repeat lotions until the rash disappears completely.

For faster resorption of hard chancres, they are lubricated with heparin ointment or a special mixture of podophyllin, dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerin.

For more fast healing sores on their body are irradiated with a helium-neon laser. Cauterize them each rash for 10 minutes daily. The course of treatment is 14 days.

Symptoms of syphilis

The causative agent of syphilis is a bacterium that is difficult to see under a microscope even when staining the biological samples under study. Therefore, in medicine, it received the name - pale treponema.

There are congenital syphilis (develops when the fetus is infected) during pregnancy, household (when infected from objects common use), sexual (during sexual intercourse with an infected person).

Laboratory diagnostics

Methods for the laboratory diagnosis of syphilis have great importance to establish the diagnosis, especially in the latent form.

To understand the principle and effectiveness of a particular method, it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of its specificity and sensitivity. In medicine, sensitivity is understood as the percentage of cases of a disease that will be detected and what percentage of the pathology may remain undiagnosed.

A good sensitivity is considered to be 90% or more. For example, with a method sensitivity of 80%, 20% of cases may remain undetected.

The specificity of the method shows the percentage of positive reactions that confirms the disease. For example, a specificity of 70% indicates that 30% of reactions are false positives. Sufficient specificity is in the range of 90 to 100%.

What methods of laboratory diagnostics are used for syphilis?

Indirect laboratory diagnostic methods detect the presence of antibodies in the patient's blood:

The Wasserman reaction (RW) with cardiolipin antigen was used until recently as a screening method, but in recent years it has not been used due to insufficient sensitivity (with syphilis, a negative RW is possible in 20% of cases), and also because of the high percentage of false positive reactions ( thirty%). It has now been replaced by the microprecipitation reaction, but is sometimes called the RW reaction out of habit.
The microprecipitation reaction (RM) with cardiolipin antigen has a high specificity (98%), with primary syphilis a positive reaction is observed in 91% of cases. Also, the microprecipitation reaction is performed with treponemal antigen.
To detect antibodies to pale treponema, RPHA has a high specificity (in 99% of cases, a positive reaction indicates the presence of syphilis), but its sensitivity is low (according to scientific data, 76% of cases of the disease can be detected in this way).
highly sensitive indirect methods with a specificity of about 100% - RIF (immunofluorescence reaction), ELISA ( linked immunosorbent assay), RIBT (treponema pallidum immobilization reaction).

How to treat syphilis?

Bacteria affecting humans are sensitive to antibiotic drugs. They are prescribed to the patient. As a rule, these are penicillins. However, often patients complain of allergic sensitivity to the drugs presented.

In this case, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines can be used. Also, these medicines are used in case of ineffectiveness of penicillin therapy.

The list of antibiotics for syphilis is as follows:

retarpen;
bicillin;
tetracyclines;
extencillin;
sumamed;
ampicillin;
erythromycin;
doxycycline.

Together with the presented therapy, vitamins and drugs that increase protective properties organism. Perhaps the introduction of immunostimulants - intramuscular injections.

Immune medicines include: laferon, thymogen, methyluracil, thymalin. And stimulant drugs are plasmol and pyrogenal.

For achievement best effect in the treatment of syphilis, physiotherapy is prescribed.

1. Inductothermy

Inductothermy is a type of electrotherapy. The technique is based on the use of a high-frequency magnetic field. In patients with syphilis, it is recommended to use inductothermia.

Preventive (warning) treatment is carried out to persons who were on lumbar region and combined with the drug central action Etimizol. The drug Etimizol acts on the pituitary gland, which leads to an increase in glucocorticosteroids in the blood plasma.

2. Magnetotherapy

As I said above, during the period of bearing a child, syphilis is very dangerous.

Prevention of the presented disease is carried out in all medical institutions and includes the following activities:

1. All patients in general somatic hospitals are examined for the presence of this disease for its early detection.
Patients are identified among human donors in order to prevent transfusion syphilis.
All pregnant women in the first two trimesters must be examined twice to prevent a congenital disease.
All patients are subject to mandatory treatment, and imperfect and unadapted people with severe course diseases must be hospitalized.
Sanitary and educational work is being carried out in order to convey information about the disease to the masses.

The microbe enters the child's body through umbilical vein, as well as through the placenta, starting from the 10th week of pregnancy. When a woman has secondary syphilis, then infection will occur in 100% of cases. In rare cases, children become infected in patients with a primary or late form of the disease.

Treatment takes place under the supervision of a doctor, often in a hospital and includes all the same measures that are prescribed for other patients. At the same time, antibiotics are selected with great care so as not to cause pathologies and abnormalities.

Nowadays, almost everyone is at high risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, especially syphilis. Prevention of syphilis - necessary measure which is relevant today more than ever.

Persons who have had sexual relations with an infected person are not always in the danger zone. For infection, any contact in everyday life and everyday life with blood, saliva, personal items or items of clothing of the patient is sufficient.

Increasingly, syphilis occurs in children, who may be exposed to infection through personal hygiene items in the family from infected parents. In addition to household syphilis, dangerous venereal disease at medical workers, from specialists in the field aesthetic medicine and cosmetology, doctors.

Not everyone knows that in addition to infection through unprotected sexual contact, if a pathogen enters through an invisible defect in the skin, infection can also occur. In connection with such high risk infection, only certain prevention of syphilis can protect human health.

With treponemal syphilitic infection, in order to avoid spread, specific rules must apply personal protection and compliance with all the recommendations of doctors - not only throughout the therapy, but also after discharge from the medical institution.

Knowing what syphilis is and its prevention, you can completely protect yourself and your family from infection in all situations: increased risk in the family or at work, which is especially true for doctors and public service workers.

Why is syphilis dangerous?

Not every patient understands how dangerous syphilis is. Penetrating into the human body, treponemal infection does not make itself felt for weeks or months, and may not appear for more than six months. Children can be infected with syphilis, at the time of childbirth or after birth, picking up the infection at home from a sick mother or father through personal items.

AT adulthood the cause of infection can be sexual intercourse without barrier methods of contraception. In this case, the first symptoms of syphilis may also not appear immediately. Often, patients pay attention to their condition only at the acute stage, when more than a few months have passed after infection and the disease has passed into the primary or even secondary stage. Meanwhile, the loss of such a large number time is very dangerous, because during the period until the infected person went to the doctor, infection of many people could occur.

Importance of syphilis prevention

Syphilis prophylaxis is now mandatory. Leading venereologists, gynecologists and urologists, family doctors, focus the attention of the population on the rules of self-protection against venereal diseases. In the lists of analyzes for annual control and medical examinations increasingly include analysis. Due to the high risk of violations of fetal maturation, pregnant women, when registering, also take a blood test for syphilitic infection without fail.

Also in all hospitals and clinics, before hospitalization and surgical operations, in the presence of similar symptoms, patients are shown an analysis for the detection of syphilis. Such measures can significantly reduce the risk of infection of the population.

At present, it is really possible to prevent syphilis and its prevention is not so difficult, so each of us should know the basic rules for protecting ourselves and our loved ones from treponemal infection.

IT'S IMPORTANT TO KNOW!

Methods of protection against sexually transmitted syphilis

What prevention of syphilis is really effective is a question that worries many. However, venereologists distinguish several separate risk groups. The first is unprotected sex. All persons who do not use barrier contraception, condoms, are at high risk of infection with every sexual contact. In addition to sex, they can be transmitted through any contact with tissues, mainly mucous membranes of an infected person. Starting from the primary stage of the disease, infection can occur through kissing, contact with syphilitic formations on the skin.

casual sex with strangers- cause of infection venereal diseases in 68% of cases. Based on this main method prevention of syphilis - protected sex and use of barrier contraception. In situations where after sexual intercourse there is a suspicion of infection, a consultation with a venereologist is indicated. Nowadays, by contacting a doctor as soon as possible, it is possible to completely avoid the development of the disease. Treatment in this case will be short and most effective.

For many patients, it is enough to take several courses of antibiotics, after which, upon receiving a doctor's report on recovery, they are allowed to return to full life. With a late visit to a specialist, the risk of developing the disease increases up to two times, which significantly worsens the prognosis for recovery.

The main rule for each patient on treatment is to refrain from sexual activity until receiving negative tests for syphilis. Kissing and other contact can also cause infection of the partner and in order to prevent infection, it is necessary to exclude any contact for the duration of the treatment.

After completing the course of therapy and receiving the conclusion of a venereologist that no syphilitic infection has been detected, it is allowed to live sexually. At the same time, after treatment, all patients were shown preventive surveillance specialist and taking basic precautions.

Methods of protection against syphilis transmitted in everyday life

In everyday life, infection most often occurs with constant general use hygiene products, shower towels, bathrobes, washcloths and soap. Also Underwear and other items of clothing can cause infection.

When using utensils, spoons and forks, cups and plates, on which the saliva of an infected person remains, the risk of infection is also high. Nowadays, rare cases of infection through a cigarette have been reported, with the general use of which through saliva transmission of pale treponema can occur.

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the risk of infection of children in families when one of the parents is infected. That is why, knowing how high the risks of infection in everyday life, it is necessary to follow home precautions.

First of all home prevention syphilis implies the separate use of all elements of dishes, clothing and care items, hygiene. The causative agent of the disease is pale spirochetes. These microscopic organisms die quickly when exposed to disinfectants and high temperature. Therefore, in cases like household syphilis and its prevention, is based on high-quality dishwashing with detergent, regular washing of linen, bedding and towels, thorough cleaning of bathrooms and kitchens.

Throughout the entire period, up to the onset full recovery with the confirmation of a doctor, these rules must be observed daily.

Prevention of syphilis transmitted through other contacts

In a separate category, we can distinguish employees of medical institutions and all persons who often come into contact with blood and other biological fluids. Infection with syphilis can occur even upon contact with purulent, serous and other discharge from any wound of an infected person. Therefore, when dressing medical manipulations, operations and interventions, latex gloves must be worn, instruments must be processed, sterilized in advance.

All employees in the delivery medical care must unconditionally comply with self-protection measures against dangerous infections. When in contact with an infected person, the prevention of syphilis always consists in preventing the transmission of the pathogen by any professional means, contact in direct contact with treponemas, blood transfusion during transfusions of blood and its products, and others. In medical institutions, all dressings, elements of systems - droppers and syringes should be disposed of after a single use.

Prevention of syphilis includes many rules to protect yourself and others from dangerous infections. And since treponemal infection does not appear until some time after infection, it is necessary for each of us to remember these precautions.

If you have any questions, but you do not know which of the venereologists to contact, the "Guide to venereology" is ready to help you. Our experts will help you choose the best specialist in the field of venereology for preventive examination, observation or therapy.

Do not be afraid to contact a venereologist. Syphilis is dangerous, but treatable. Contact the Guide to Venereology, and we will help you keep your health strong for many years to come.

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