When to spay a puppy. Neutering a dog is the key to a healthy and fulfilling life.

Remove or leave genitals?

Almost all pet owners ask themselves this question, but not everyone decides to take this step. And in vain...

We will discuss the pros and cons of sterilization, indications and contraindications in a detailed review below.

Sterilization (ovariohysterectomy) - complete surgical removal of the reproductive organs females (uterus and ovaries) from the body: during the operation, the ovarian veins, arteries and the distal part of the uterus are ligated, and after the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries are removed as a single block.

The term "sterilization" is used in relation to females. The operation to remove the male genital organs is called.

As a result of such a surgical operation bitch completely loses the ability to. But as a result, a number of other problems can be solved, directly or indirectly related to the sexual activity of the animal:

Correction of behavior, elimination of aggression.
Prevention of unwanted pairing.
Prevention of a number of oncological diseases, including breast tumors.
Prevention of diseases of the genital organs.
An effective remedy for the treatment of hormonal disruptions in the body.
A humane solution to the problem of unwanted female offspring.

The opinion of veterinarians is almost unanimous in recommending the sterilization of dogs as the only safe way for the health of the animal to limit cravings for the opposite sex and prevent serious diseases of the genital area.

Right moment

When can a dog be spayed? Operation acceptable for any age. At the same time, it is not recommended to carry it out until the maturation of the reproductive system, as well as in adulthood.

Sterilization between 8 months and 1 year minimizes the negative effects.

It is highly undesirable to remove the genitals of a bitch during the first period of active growth - from six weeks to four months. It is at this age that all tissues and internal organs of the animal actively grow, and the removal of the ovaries can provoke vaginal hypoplasia and developmental delay.

Undesirable surgical intervention in the body of a mature dog (after 7 - 9 years), as the health of the animal is weakened, the regenerative processes will proceed sluggishly, and the reaction of the aging organism to anesthesia is unpredictable.

However, many veterinarians believe that surgery to remove the genitals a must for any dog(regardless of whether she gave birth or not) when she reaches the age of six to prevent a number of serious diseases that can lead to death.

Indications to sterilization:

incessant vaginal discharge from the female;
tumors or pathological changes in the ovaries or uterus.

As a rule, sterilization is a remedy that can solve the above problems, preventing the appearance of more serious abnormalities in the body.

Should not be operated on during pregnancy, because the body of the bitch will experience tremendous stress. Termination of pregnancy and sterilization at the same time will serve as a real blow to the hormonal system of the pet, which, ultimately, will lead to a number of complications.

The operation is performed only on a clinically healthy animal.

You can only spay a dog if it has:

Attention! Before sterilization, a 12-hour fasting pause is necessary and 4 hours before the operation, the exclusion of drinking.

Is it possible to sterilize on time? According to most veterinarians, ovariohysterectomy is best done a couple of weeks before the first estrus of the animal (8 - 9 months).

In addition to the main purpose, this operation serves as an excellent prophylactic for breast tumors. The neoplasm in this organ is estrogen-reactive, and if the hormone is absent in the body, then the tumor will not develop.

Sterilization can be done at any time, but it is better if there is no estrus at this moment. The situation is different with pathological processes in the animal's body (for example, incessant estrus), in which the operation will act as a means of first necessity.

Advantages and disadvantages

Positive aspects of female sterilization:

Safety and relative painlessness of the operation.
Prevention of diseases of the female genital organs(polycystic ovaries) without the use of hormonal drugs.
Prevention emergence and development malignant neoplasms(mammary cancer).
Getting rid of unwanted behavioral deviations during the bitch's sexual activity (unmotivated barking, outbursts of aggression, territory marking).
Changes in female behavior for the better ( the animal asks for more affection, attention, loves to sleep).
Reducing the risk of injury or death from an accident ( the bitch does not seek to run away from home at any opportunity).
No unwanted offspring.

Negative points:

Possible weight gain due to a slowdown in metabolic processes after surgery.
Sometimes after the operation there is a side effect - weakening of the sphincter of the bladder, and as a consequence -
Since the operation is performed under general anesthesia, it is more difficult for an animal to recover from anesthesia than for humans.

Care after surgery

After the operation, the animal needs rest. In a secluded place without drafts is placed bedding with disposable diaper(possibly spontaneous excretion of urine, ichor).

Recovery from anesthesia lasts an average of 2-12 hours.

When the dog comes out of anesthesia, the owner should be around: every 30 minutes, the female should be turned over to the other side and control her behavior(the animal may try to jump up, jump high, which is fraught with complications).

The owner should monitor the condition of the wound. The first time it should be protected by a blanket and treated with an antiseptic.

Also, usually the veterinarian prescribes antibiotic therapy or other drugs, depending on the health of the animal.

If after 5 days the seam is wet and reddened, then you will need to consult a doctor - the development of an inflammatory process is possible. A veterinarian should also be contacted if the animal is within 5 days of surgery.

Important! In no case should a sterilized bitch be overfed, otherwise the likelihood of developing obesity is high. During walks, physical activity should be increased.

How much does it cost to spay a dog? The average cost of an ovariohysterectomy ranges from from 2000 to 10000 rubles depending on the method of sterilization, the level of the clinic, the qualifications of the veterinarian and the drugs used.

To do or not to do the operation? It is up to the owner of the bitch to decide, but at the same time he should be guided by common sense and, of course, love for his pet.

Additionally, check out a short video about spaying dogs:

A dog during estrus torments you with unbearable behavior, and you decide to sterilize your pet?

Find out if the operation will really change her behavior, and what your dog will become after spaying.

Looking to fix your pet's behavior? Find out what the dog will become after sterilization

A person who is truly interested in the issue of spaying his dog is driven by the desire to forever forget about the antics of a pet during sexual activity. And if you decide to take this step, it means that you were really tortured by deafening barking, disobedience and crowds of males around your pet on a walk.

It is good that before giving the animal under the knife, you decided to learn more about the possible consequences of the operation. Veterinarians are gradually accustoming us to the idea that sterilization is a simple elective operation that should not cause health problems for your pet. Let's see if this is the case.

Sterilization is a surgical operation to remove the sex glands from an animal. A dog after sterilization is deprived of the opportunity to have offspring and ceases to show sexual desire.

Let's clarify the terminology

There are two types of surgery for castration of a bitch: oophorectomy and ovariohysterectomy.

An oophorectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the ovaries. In an ovariohysterectomy, the uterus is removed along with the ovaries. After castration, the dog will not be able to have offspring, and she will not show sexual activity. The bitch stops estrus, as no eggs are produced.

Ovariohysterectomy is most commonly used for female castration.

Medical business

Before the operation, the veterinarian will examine the dog: weigh it, measure the temperature, pressure, pulse, take blood and urine tests. The animal must be healthy.

Preoperative examination allows you to check the work of the whole body and the most important organs: the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver. If any contraindications are identified, the doctor will prescribe an additional examination: ultrasound, ECG. During anesthesia, especially if the animal is not young, chronic diseases of the cardiovascular, respiratory and excretory systems may worsen, so a preoperative examination is of great importance.

Decided to sterilize your dog? Find out when is the best time to have surgery

Neutering or castration is done to the animal after the completion of the puberty process. Each breed of dog "ripens" at different periods, much depends on the size of the animal. On average, puberty in a dog occurs at the age of 8-10 months. It is at this time, before the start of the first estrus, that sterilization of the dog is recommended due to a decrease in the likelihood of a breast tumor in the future.

In reality, dogs are spayed much later. This usually happens at a time when the owner's patience is running out, and he is ready to take this cardinal step for the sake of peace in the house. Stop! Weigh all the pros and cons.

Learn the pros and cons of spaying dogs

This is rarely talked about by veterinarians: the cons of spaying dogs

risk of general anesthesia. Sterilization is performed under general anesthesia, after which the animal may not wake up. After waking up, exacerbations of latent chronic diseases of internal organs are possible.
development of complications. The consequences of dog sterilization can be severe postoperative complications: bleeding, infection, hernia, inflammation of the sutures, their rupture or gnaw.
A dog that has been spayed may develop urinary incontinence. This is expressed in the fact that at any time of the day the dog will urinate under himself. In some animals, incontinence occurs episodically. Other neutered dogs suffer from this ailment all the time.

Obesity. As a result of hormonal failure in a sterilized dog, metabolism is disturbed. Estrus no longer occurs, and the animal becomes less mobile, shows an increased interest in food. The risk of obesity in a spayed dog in comparison with an unsterilized one increases by 1.5 - 2 times.

The listed disadvantages are only a part of the consequences of dog sterilization. The body of each animal reacts to surgery individually. However, even this information is enough to think: is it worth going to peace in the house at the cost of the health of your beloved pet?

Neutering a dog: the pros of the operation

After the operation, the dog will not be able to become pregnant and give birth to puppies.

How is a dog spayed? A few words about care after surgery

If the veterinarian is satisfied with the results of the preoperative examination, he will set the date and time of the operation.

At the appointed time, it is necessary to come to the veterinary clinic, before that the animal is kept on a starvation diet for 12 hours. Before the operation, the pet will be given a sedative injection to relax. After that, the animal is taken from the owners and sent to a separate cage. The owner will see his beloved dog after the operation.

Remember that the operation is performed under general anesthesia. Sterilization takes about an hour. After that, the dog is again sent to the cage and is under the supervision of a veterinarian for some more time.

The animal is given to the owner unconscious. Often a dog in this state has half-open eyes, a dry tongue sticks out of its mouth. A surgical suture will appear on the pet's stomach.

After sterilization, the dog needs careful care. When you bring your pet home, the most difficult stage for her will begin - the exit from anesthesia. The dog will be shivering (when coming out of anesthesia, the strongest cold is felt), she will be thirsty, the animal may urinate.

At this time, it is important to be close to your pet, to monitor its condition. If your dog gets worse, call your veterinarian.

In order for the dog to suffer less from the cold, put it on a bed, cover it with a warm cloth. Do not place the bed on a sofa or chair. The pet, being under the influence of anesthesia, cannot control its movements. The dog runs the risk of falling, hitting his head, breaking or dislocating his paw.

The Sex Barrier is the most humane solution to the problems of unwanted dog behavior. Instead of sterilization

We know how important peace in the house, health and safety of your four-legged friend is for you. Therefore, we offer a humane alternative to sterilization of a dog - the use of the drug for the regulation of estrus Sex Barrier.

Sex Barrier is the choice of experienced breeders and dog owners. The drug has won their trust due to the following competitive advantages.

Although the operation still has many opponents, the bough is used throughout the world for population control. Even the most caring and attentive owner cannot be one hundred percent sure that his pet will not break off the leash and go to get to know some males closer.

Distributing a brood of mestizos is not an easy task, and killing helpless newborn puppies is not humane. It's better to prevent them from appearing.

The estrus itself is also a joyless time for the owner. Twice a year, he is forced to buy special underwear for the dog so that it does not stain the apartment, while the animal regularly strives to get rid of unnecessary clothes and take up hygiene procedures.

Some bitch owners choose not to neuter their animals, but to use hormonal drugs to prevent estrus. However, these drugs have many side effects. For example, they contribute to the appearance of cysts on the ovaries, inflammation of the uterus, after which sterilization becomes urgently needed.

When to spay a dog

Opinions of doctors about at what age it is better to sterilize a dog differ. Some veterinarians offer such services as early as five to six months of age, while others recommend scheduling surgery after the first estrus, that is, at eight to ten months. Too early sterilization (up to five months) is not desirable. In puppies, the organs are actively growing, and removing some of them can lead to deformation of the remaining ones. You can also spay an adult dog, but the operation is not recommended for older bitches.

As a rule, sterilization is carried out under general anesthesia, and such loads can cause irreparable damage to the cardiovascular system of an elderly animal.

When planning to enroll a dog for sterilization, be guided not only by age, but also by the state of health of the animal. Your dog must be absolutely healthy. When working with young females, the veterinarian, as a rule, is limited to visual inspection, temperature measurement, and listening to the heart rhythm. In animals older than five years, blood and urine tests are taken, an ECG is done. If you are determined to neuter your dog, do not delay the operation. The sooner you do it, the faster your pet will recover and live a full life again.

Any pet needs care and proper care. However, some owners neglect the natural needs of their pets, in particular, the instinct of procreation. Meanwhile, mating has a huge impact on the dog's body. Its absence can cause various diseases, up to the development of malignant tumors. To prevent serious consequences, it is better to sterilize the animal.

What is sterilization?

Sterilization is a surgical intervention in the reproductive organs of a dog, as a result of which the animal loses the ability to give birth to offspring. During the operation, the specialist removes the ovaries with the uterus. The procedure itself is considered quite simple, however, it should be carried out by a qualified veterinarian in a specialized institution.

As for the difference between sterilization and castration, there are aspects here. Sterilization is applicable to bitches. This is the name of the operation to remove the female reproductive organs. Castration is the surgical removal of testicles in male dogs.

The sterilization process can be performed in two ways: surgical and laparoscopic. The first method involves sterilization through an incision in the abdominal cavity (abdominal surgery). Laparoscopy is 2-3 small punctures in the dog's abdomen. This is a modern method of surgical intervention, after which the pet quickly recovers. Chemical sterilization of dogs is not used today.

Why is sterilization necessary?

The instinct of procreation is one of the strongest. Therefore, during estrus, the animal tries in every possible way to find a mate. Sterilization allows not only to control the reproduction of the dog, but also to prevent the development of oncological diseases of the reproductive system and mammary glands. The risk of such diseases as pyometria and transmissible sarcoma decreases several times.

Ideally, each animal should have a kind and caring owner. In fact, thousands of useless dogs become homeless, some of them end up in shelters, the rest become victims of flayers. And only a small part of the animals finds a host. Many "virtues" have a negative attitude towards the sterilization procedure, considering it a mockery of the dog's nature, while forgetting about the "humane" ways of getting rid of unnecessary offspring, such as euthanasia, burying alive. That is why sterilization is the optimal solution to maintain the health of the animal and regulate the birth rate.

At what age should you sterilize?

Many dog owners do not know at what age to spay a dog. As a rule, in females, sterilization is carried out before the onset of the first estrus at the age of 4-6 months in the absence of contraindications. According to some experts, an operation performed before the first estrus is much easier for animals to tolerate. Experts recommend castration not earlier than 6 months of age, otherwise the dog may experience a significant delay in growth and development.

Before sterilizing a dog, it is imperative to consult a veterinarian, as there are diseases in which such a procedure is contraindicated. If the pet has become pregnant, it is better to postpone the operation for 1.5 months and let the dog enjoy motherhood. However, there are exceptions here too. If the animal, for medical reasons, cannot bear puppies, then sterilization is carried out as early as possible.

Advantages and disadvantages of sterilization

Neutering dogs has pros and cons. Among the advantages it is worth highlighting:

cessation of the production of hormones, due to which many diseases develop;
increases life expectancy by 1-2 years;
the behavior of the dog changes after sterilization, it becomes more calm and devoted;
simplifies the training process;
with some inflammatory diseases of the ovaries and uterus, the operation will save the life of the pet;
the dog will not run away from home in search of a sexual partner;
reduces the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases.

In addition to the advantages, surgery has its drawbacks:

the operation involves the use of general anesthesia, which carries a certain amount of risk for the animal's body;
in some dogs, after sterilization, urinary incontinence is formed, which can be treated;
increases the likelihood of developing hypothyroidism and orthopedic disorders;
tendency to gain weight and metabolic disorders;
unforeseen situations during the operation and in the postoperative period, for example, bleeding, infection, ruptured sutures;
hidden pathologies;
allergic reactions or intolerance to anesthetics.

Considering all the disadvantages and advantages of this medical procedure, it can be added that the occurrence of side effects and complications during sterilization is minimal.

Important! Before contacting a specialist, the owner needs to consider all possible options for the development of the situation, weigh the pros and cons. At the same time, one should not forget that a fatal outcome during surgery is a rarity, but the death of an animal from sarcoma or other malignant tumors is not so rare.

Indications for sterilization

The main indications for sterilization are the following diseases:

pathology of the uterus and tumors of various etiologies;
false pregnancy;
disorders in the functioning of the ovaries;
tumor processes in the mammary glands and external genital organs.

In addition, sterilization is indicated for hormonal imbalances, when the dog suffers from prolonged estrus.

Preoperative preparation

Neutering a dog requires a responsible approach. Before performing surgery, you need to make sure that the pet is healthy. The veterinarian should order blood and urine tests, conduct an examination of the peritoneum, obtain permission from the cardiologist. If a dog is found to have a chronic condition during testing, supportive care is required. First you need to stabilize the condition of the animal and only then sterilize. The surgeon must be aware of the health problems of his four-legged patient.

2-3 days before the start of the operation, the dog begins to give light food, because during the procedure the animal's intestinal tract must be completely empty. For a day, the pet is given a drug with a laxative effect, which will be prescribed by a veterinarian. The last time the dog should eat no later than 12 hours before surgery. Water is excluded for 6 hours. Some specialists, in order to be safe, prescribe modern antibiotics in the preoperative period.

Operation

The operation takes about two hours. As a rule, it is carried out in the morning hours, since according to numerous observations, the dog feels best at this time. When sterilization is carried out before the first estrus, then only the ovaries are removed using laparoscopy. If the animal already had estrus, then the specialist also removes the uterus. In males, the process is faster. The doctor makes a small incision in the scrotum through which the testicles are removed.

After surgery, the animal is transferred to a special bedding. After anesthesia, the pet should not be allowed to drink, you can only moisten the tongue and muzzle with water. Food is given only on the second day. As the main food, it is better to choose pates, minced meat and liquid cereals. In the first 2 weeks, the pet needs to treat the stitches with antiseptic agents.

Important! To prevent the dog from licking the seams, you should use special blankets or collars.

Features of care after sterilization

Neutering a dog requires rehabilitation measures that will help restore the animal's body. Care of the dog after sterilization is as follows:

careful processing of seams;
the use of antibiotics that are administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly;
if the dog had concomitant diseases, the veterinarian will prescribe a course of intravenous infusions;
special prescriptions at the discretion of the attending physician.

If the owner is unable to take care of himself, administer injections and perform other veterinary appointments, then the dog is left in the hospital for 7-10 days. Once the stitches have been removed, no further maintenance is required.

Nutrition for a spayed dog

As a rule, sterilized dogs have an increased appetite. The reason lies in the acceleration of metabolism. Therefore, dogs after sterilization often gain excess weight. In order not to harm your pet, you should follow simple rules. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the calorie content of products, while all the necessary trace elements and vitamins must be present in the animal's diet.

It is advisable to transfer the pet to a special dry food for sterilized dogs. In specialized stores, it is sold marked light. Such food contains a lot of fiber and a minimum amount of fat. Fiber contributes to the normalization of digestion and increases in the digestive tract of the dog, which causes it to quickly become full.

Everything else remains unchanged. The animal should also be given raw meat, cereals with vegetable oil. Fermented milk products, eggs, raw vegetables, chopped in a meat grinder or blender are useful. You can’t give your four-legged friend sweets and muffins, they not only contain a lot of sugar, but are also too high in calories.

In general, sterilization is a useful and important procedure. Thanks to the operation, the quality of life of the dog improves, its duration increases. After all, many serious diseases will bypass the pet.

In contact with

Dog after sterilization in a homemade blanket

I noticed that for several articles I start with a small story that happened to me in practice, this post will not be an exception. Today I will tell you about Antonovna - this is my old friend, who has a small dog of an incomprehensible breed, but her grandmother is sure that her girl is of pure blood. It doesn't make much difference to us if she's purebred or not, because the breed has no effect on what happened to her.

You may ask, what does the grandmother and the sterilization of the bitch have to do with it? The fact is that Antonovna makes a round of the territory every morning and every evening, walking with her companion in the neighboring yards. When the dog starts estrus, the grandmother always fastens the leash and arm herself with a lozina to drive away the stubborn males.

During the next walk, during the period of estrus, in spite of the precautionary measures, a disaster happened. Grandmother met her friends, began to discuss the latest important news and did not notice how the groom crept up behind. When the dog was noticed, it was already too late - the dogs "clinged". Probably, people around have not heard such a variety of real Russian words for a long time, and the dog has never received so much in a soft spot.

As a result, after a couple of months, Antonovna once again became a grandmother. The puppies were not drowned or thrown into the trash, they were raised and housed, but, unfortunately, as you understand, this rarely happens.

This little story tells only about one case of undesirable dog behavior during the mating season. And there can be a lot of similar situations and not a single dog owner is immune from this. The author does not agitate to sterilize all bitches indiscriminately, but I hope you will be interested to know what it is, why this operation is done and when.

Spaying a bitch in questions and answers

My friends have a lot of questions about the sterilization of a bitch, in order to understand this topic, I specially wrote this article. I did not become original, inventing a bicycle, but took a list of frequently asked questions on the forums and simply answered them.

What is sterilization?

Sterilization is a surgical operation after which the female loses her ability to reproduce. Of course, you can write abstrusely, using Latin and various multi-story terms, but we do not make a presentation at the symposium, so we will try to be simpler.

There are many options for this operation, for example, you can remove only the ovaries or ligate the oviducts. But, in my opinion, if you do the sterilization of a bitch, it is better to cut out the genitals in a whole block: the ovaries, oviducts, uterus and part of the vagina. In this case, there are fewer complications, then it will not be necessary to re-climb into the abdominal cavity.

Misconceptions or myths about dog spaying

1. Most often, people are afraid that the dog will quickly gain weight after the operation. Yes, if you do not follow her diet.

After spaying, the bitch does not need to look for a mating partner, so she will spend less energy, which will lead to excess weight if the diet is not monitored.

But look - people successfully feed their pets that have not been under the surgeon's knife. In any case, it is necessary to feed animals rationally, taking into account their energy needs.

2.For health, a dog needs to give birth at least once. Pregnancy is a physiological process during which the body has to take additional resources from somewhere. Nature is so conceived that at first the fetus is provided with everything necessary, and then the mother.

Now imagine that a dog eats food with an insufficient amount of microelements or she has diarrhea and these microelements did not reach their intended purpose, and the fetus needs them now. Then the mother will give the necessary components from her body. That is why, after pregnancy, diseases appear or worsen.

Moreover, early sterilization of the bitch, before the first estrus, will save her from the appearance of malignant tumors. Rather, the likelihood of a tumor to be significantly reduced, to about 0.5%, in comparison with dogs that have already been in heat.

3. My dog will not tolerate anesthesia. Yes, there is a risk of complications during anesthesia, but if the animal is young and healthy, if the doctor does everything right, then the risk is minimal. Let's just say that you risk exactly, as with other abdominal surgery.

4. The dog will become lazy after the operation. Indeed, sex hormones play a big role in the life of an animal, including their behavior. But behavior is more dependent on the dog's temperament, and then on hormones. If your animal had a playful disposition, it will remain so, hormones can only enhance the manifestation of character.

Remember how puppies play before puberty, when the ovaries are not yet working at full capacity, one can shake the whole litter with their mother, and the other does not touch anyone, constantly thoughtful and loves to take a nap.

5. You can not deprive a dog of the joy of motherhood, it is not humane. Do not worry, no one will blame your girl for not having children and she will not bother about this.

Animals are more guided by instincts, they do not plan their family life, do not think how many children they will have and how to feed them. And we, people, should think humanely or not to drown newborn puppies, leave them on the street?

Here is another live example

In the photo, the operated dog in a home-made blanket made from the owner’s T-shirt, of course, you can buy a special one, but a home-made one is no worse.

After surgery in a blanket made from a T-shirt

After an operation such as sterilization of a bitch, it is imperative to close the sutures, otherwise the animal may remove them ahead of time. Also, in order to avoid complications, you need to treat the wound daily, which can be done on your own without the participation of a doctor. In our case, the first days we used the usual 3% peroxide solution, and the threads were moistened with green paint.

Seams treated with green

When the wound dried up, they wiped it with peroxide once a day, dried it, and then applied the levomekol liniment.

Two weeks later, the stitches were removed, here in this photo you can see the tummy after the bitch was successfully sterilized.

Finally got the stitches out

You can continue this post on this topic for a long time, but in order not to tire readers, I will tie it up, in conclusion, we will list what benefits we will get after sterilizing a bitch.

Why do this operation?

We will get rid of unwanted pregnancy, which can happen even if you protect your girl, remember what happened with Antonovna?
We will not have behavior problems during estrus, when the female loses her head and thinks in a completely different place.
If we remove the ovaries before they start working, that is, before the first estrus, then we will subsequently save our animal from malignant tumors.
Sterilization helps to completely get rid of a false pregnancy, which happens very often.
In addition, this operation is necessary for certain diseases, for example, pyometra or uterine torsion.

As I have already said, the author is not campaigning for the universal sterilization of bitches, everything must be approached reasonably and act according to the circumstances. If your dog is not causing you trouble during heat, if you can control his behavior without the use of hormones, then you can do without surgery.

But if your dog's mother or grandmother showed strong sexual instincts, they had tumors and you do not need offspring, then it is better to operate. I look forward to your questions or additions regarding the sterilization of the bitch in the comments.