Recommendations for good vision. How to preserve your vision for many years

One of the most wonderful gifts of nature is vision, which gives us the amazing opportunity to see the world in bright colors. But many people remember this only when it rapidly worsens. Especially in an age of rapid development information technologies, a person can spend most of the day in front of a computer monitor, TV, tablet or smartphone. Such pastime puts enormous strain on the eyes and mercilessly reduces the level of vision.

Proper nutrition

Despite the lack of an obvious connection, nutrition has a strong influence on a person's visual acuity. For this, regular intake into the body is important. sufficient quantity vitamin A and other vitamins and microelements. So add it to your diet raw carrots in combination with vegetable or animal fat, which promotes the absorption of carotene ( minimum frequency eating carrots – once every 3 days). It is also necessary to eat blueberries (eat 1 tablespoon per day or take medications based on them). I also stimulate visual acuity following products: spinach, apricots, fish, eggs, dark chocolate, different kinds cabbage, broccoli, nettle.

You should also periodically take a multi-vitamin complex, which will compensate for the deficiency useful substances in our body.

Gymnastics for vision

To maintain visual acuity, it is extremely important to train the eye muscles. To do this, it is enough to perform several times a day simple exercises within 5 minutes. Such gymnastics will not require much effort and time, but will significantly improve the health of your eyes. Here are some of the most common techniques:

Quickly move your eyeballs left and right. After looking to the left, you should hold your vision for a few seconds, slightly straining your eyes, then look in front of you and look away to the right, also slightly straining your eyes. This exercise should be repeated 10 times. When performing this task, be sure to feel how the eye muscles work.
We raise our eyes up and down, fixing our gaze.
Making a rotation eyeball(5 times clockwise and 5 times in the opposite direction).
The next exercise is the most pleasant, Bates calls it “palming”, Taoists call it universal energy, and yogis call it Reiki energy. You warm up your eyes using the energy of your palms. To do this, you should close your eyes, relax, cross your palms and place them in the form of a house roof on top of each other (for convenience, rest your elbows on the table). Then we place the centers of the palms tightly to the eyes, completely blocking the penetration of light. Try to feel how the warmth emanating from the palms transfers energy that relaxes our eyes and restores vision. The exercise is performed for 5-7 minutes. When you open your eyes, you will immediately feel a slight improvement.
This exercise has been familiar to us since school: sit in front of the window, fix your gaze on the glass or any close object (pencil, window handle, etc.) and sharply shift your gaze to a distant object outside the window.

Massage glasses

Periodic use of eye massage glasses allows you to achieve good effect, quickly relieve fatigue not only when working at a computer, but also during any intense visual work. These glasses are designed in such a way that they promote biological stimulation active points using vibrations and magnetic fields. Massage glasses have a preventive, cosmetological and relaxing effect.

Down with bad habits

Smoking has a very negative impact on work visual apparatus. After all, smoking increases intraocular pressure, which leads to the development various diseases eye. General Compliance healthy image life will contribute to the preservation good vision.

Give your eyes a rest

Almost all people who work a lot at the computer know that they are supposed to take a 15-minute break after every hour of work. However, in practice this principle is practically not applied, which leads to bad consequences. Let your eyes relax.

Protect yourself from bright light

Glaring light is harmful to the eyes. Therefore, wear sunglasses in the summer.

Fitness for the eyes

The concept of eye fitness includes the most various exercises, borrowed from yoga, massage and solarization techniques. There are points on the hands that are directly connected to the eyes. To stimulate these points, you should massage your fingers, massaging each finger for 1-2 minutes. You should also press on the central point of the palm (active rokyu point) for 50 seconds. Also massage your toes thoroughly. These simple techniques and stimulation of active points will help maintain visual acuity.

Maintaining good vision is not an easy task, since televisions, computers, and various electronic gadgets have become firmly entrenched in our daily lives.

Working with them is accompanied by a constant load. Problems with vision oblige you to immediately contact an ophthalmologist in order to start treatment on time and avoid dangerous complications.

How to protect your eyes

The well-known postulate that preventing a disease is easier than treating it applies to all diseases, ophthalmological pathologists are no exception.

The best option for long-term preservation is to regularly adhere to basic preventive conditions:

adherence to the basics of healthy eating
doing eye exercises
your “communication” with TV and computer must be moderate, do not forget about rest

There are secondary factors that adversely affect the visual apparatus:

poor environmental situation
hereditary predisposition
structural changes in the ocular apparatus due to age
concomitant diseases that are catalysts for visual disorders

Create conditions that are 100% protective eyes Pathological deviations cannot be avoided, even if you adhere to a healthy lifestyle and follow the rules of hygiene.

However, reducing the risks of developing ophthalmological disorders, easing the course of the disease, avoiding complications, and increasing the effectiveness of the therapeutic process is a feasible task.

What harms and what helps the eyes

Often, overwork, which has a detrimental effect on functionality ocular apparatus, associated with ignoring correct mode day. To avoid this, you need to competently alternate periods of sleep, rest, and “working” hours.

When the basics of a clear daily routine are absent over a long period of time, then gradually, such negligence can lead to deterioration of vision.

Try to avoid:

lack of sleep
long stay in a room with stale air
lack of work activity (don't be lazy)

Another factor that has a detrimental effect on the quality of vision is, oddly enough, technological progress.

Various new technologies and electronics reduce the human need for physical labor.

Such relief has reverse side medals because sedentary lifestyle life, negatively affects visual functionality.

Moderate physical activity has a positive effect on well-being, strengthening the health of the body:

pulmonary ventilation increases
cerebral blood supply improves
the activity of systems (including visual) is stimulated

Adequate physical education, sports (without fanaticism):

increase the performance of the eye muscles
strengthen the sclera
help reduce the risk of myopia

For a person whose vision is impaired, it is unacceptable to engage in sports that require extreme stress. These include:

struggle
Weightlifting
ski jumping

Beneficial, to the level vision influence:

leisurely jogging, skiing
swimming
ball games

Reasonable exercise will have a positive effect on general health, which will certainly have a positive effect on the state of the human visual system.

Tobacco smoke and are completely incompatible concepts, I am sure that no one will challenge such a statement.

Smoking completely undermines health not only respiratory system. Ophthalmological pathologies- frequent guests in the body of a smoker.

Every fourth heavy smoker is at risk of developing cataracts. The degree of danger is so great that sometimes, apart from prosthetics for a clouded lens, there are no other options left.

Anyone who has a strong “friendship” with a cigarette is strongly recommended to visit the office once a quarter ophthalmologist.

The risk of irreversible retinal damage in a smoker is three times higher than in a person who has never suffered from nicotine addiction.

Products (carrots, pumpkin, broccoli) contain substances that give reliable protection retina from damage, but nicotine destabilizes the circulation useful microelements. Most of the “advantages” of these products are neutralized, the retina remains defenseless, and visual impairment occurs.

There are situations when, in moments of severe visual strain, a smoker suddenly “grows a black wall” in front of his eyes.

Similar pathological manifestation- primary evidence signaling hazards to the eyes. Such violations are also provoked by long-term “friendly” relationships with tobacco.

Senile farsightedness - simplified (folk) name, first alarming symptom eyes affected by the “attacks” of tobacco.

An experienced smoker who has not previously experienced any problems when reading is forced to keep the book/newspaper far from his eyes. Otherwise, it is simply impossible to focus your vision.

Constant headaches begin to bother me, and (in principle) problems with reading arise. Typically something like this negative symptoms It goes away if the problem is detected in time, treatment is started, and, of course, you stop “communicating” with nicotine.

In the morning, when the first cigarette of the current day is smoked, the tips of the fingers turn out to be cold. Temperature measurements between the fingers show reduced values.

Please note that even peripheral vessels suffer because you smoke. Now, imagine how serious the scale of “destruction” from the habit of smoking is to the capillaries of the heart muscle and eye apparatus.

Dangerous disease provocateurs

Risks increase with the following diagnoses:

diabetes
hypertension

High blood pressure can become a catalyst for specific disorders in the fundus vascular system.

Density increases vascular walls. If persistent, hemorrhages and edema in the retinal structure are possible.

When the pressure indicator goes off scale, the digital values rise to extremely large quantities(180-200>), then there is a possibility of atrophy optic nerve.

Decreased vision can become irreversible.

In such a situation, in order to prevent large-scale pathological changes fundus, the primary task is a corrective decrease in pressure.

Now about the unwanted changes that accompany endocrine disorders.

List of possible eye problems associated with thyroid dysfunction:

double image
cornea suffers
the optic nerve atrophies

In the case of endocrine “bias” of eye diseases, the therapeutic process involves the use of corticosteroid drugs.

In addition, in order to moisturize the cornea, in cases of incomplete closure of the palpebral fissure, artificial tear preparations are added to treatment. Sometimes, the only necessity is the intervention of an ophthalmologist.

Diabetics also turn to the ophthalmologist with complaints about poor eyesight.

- “companion” of diabetes.

The most critical eye-related complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. The extent of damage to the retina of diabetics varies, with negative development up to detachment.

Such a diagnosis requires doctors to take total control of the condition of the blood vessels.

The list of therapeutic measures includes:

Application of photodynamic therapy.
Laser coagulation retina- eliminate swelling, strengthen eye capillaries.
The condition of defective (destroyed by cataract) vessels is corrected, as a result, the likelihood of retinal detachment is minimized.
Surgical intervention - a vitrectomy procedure is performed, which involves removing blood clots, cloudy parts vitreous from the eye cavity.

As a result, the ophthalmologist gains access to the affected retinal tissue, which allows the necessary “restorative work” to be carried out. Carry out the photocoagulation procedure (“solder” the detached area, block the bleeding of blood vessels), or completely restore the integrity of the membrane.

Vision problems are possible during the course of specific infectious processes in organism.

Deterioration in vision is due to inflammatory phenomena in the “structures” of the ocular apparatus.

Kovaren - capable of causing negative changes in functionality visual organ. Possible complications include:

inflammation choroid eyes
hemorrhages
retinal damage of varying severity

To normalize the functionality undermined by the disease eye muscles, the joint efforts of doctors of two specialties are required:

ophthalmologist
rheumatologist

Diagnostic methods

Visual field examination

A similar term refers to the part of space in which the eye, with a “fixed” gaze, notices other visual stimuli.

The examination is carried out with a device - an ophthalmological perimeter, which is a screen of a hemispherical shape.

The examined eye fixes a certain mark (point), then luminous points begin to appear on the screen. If you get into the visibility zone of your peripheral vision, you need to report it (talk/press the appropriate button) to the doctor.

Reasons for appointment similar procedure, diagnostics of defects that can occur during:

glaucoma
brain tumors

Measuring intraocular pressure

Non-contact and contact examination methods are classified:

To carry out the first option, you will need an automatic tonometer. The patient's chin is placed on a special stand, and the patient's gaze is asked to fixate on a luminous point.

The air flow supplied by the device towards the eye meets the resistance of the cornea.

The IOP level is fixed based on the value of this resistance.

The contact measurement option is carried out according to the following scenario.

The patient receives a portion of special “freezing” drops (anesthetic), then the doctor touches the cornea with a weight, the lower part of which is colored.

The eyeball bends under the load, becoming directly stained at the points of contact.

The IOP level is “based” on the magnitude of the deformation. Make (an imprint) on paper, determining the diameter of the unpainted area. The obtained data are compared with officially standardized values.

Since the procedure is performed under anesthesia, the level of painful discomfort is minimal. The microscopic particles of paint remaining inside will soon leave the eye along with the tears.

Similar techniques are a source important information for the doctor, because the study allows us to confirm, or, on the contrary, exclude glaucoma.

Biomicroscopy

Using the illumination created by a slit lamp, the doctor has the opportunity to analyze (examine) the state of optical media under high magnification and tissue structures eyes.

The biomicroscopy procedure allows the ophthalmologist to examine in detail:

cornea
lens

This method gives the doctor the opportunity to diagnose almost the entire range of ophthalmological disorders.

Retinal examination

Initially, in order to dilate the pupil, the patient is instilled with special drops. Then, after a quarter of an hour, using an ophthalmoscope, a light beam is projected onto the eye being examined, which allows a detailed “inspection” to be carried out through the dilated pupil:

optic disc

As for the diagnosis of strabismus, methods for identifying similar problem There are many, but a simple option involves conducting a special test with “covering” the eye.

To determine refraction and visual acuity, modern computer techniques are used. However, there is an opinion that standard letter tables are no less effective method solving such a problem. Proper selection of lenses will help combat myopia and farsightedness.

In addition to those described diagnostic techniques identifying vision problems, it is imperative to mention other methods:

MRI of the eyeball
fluorescein angiography of the retina
x-ray
ultrasound ophthalmoscopy

Prevention - how often to visit an ophthalmologist

Even small ones pathological abnormalities in the body, leading to malfunctions internal organs, immune failures, can affect vascular system ocular apparatus.

Age, availability concomitant diseases, risk factors - criteria on which the number of required visits to the doctor varies.

First preventive examination the baby's eyes, parents are required to spend no later than six months from the moment of birth. Then, at intervals of six months, the examination must be repeated.

Then, every year before entering school (6-7 years), even in the absence of complaints, you are required to visit an ophthalmologist.

Risk factors for eye diseases

difficult pregnancy, childbirth
hereditary cases of cataracts
retinal dystrophy

In the absence of obvious visual impairment, in the range of 18-30 years, it is permissible to see an ophthalmologist once every three years.

Then, at the age of 30-40, it is advisable to check your vision once every couple of years, and after 60, the frequency of preventive visits increases to one visit per year.

More frequent visit necessary in cases:

wearing glasses regularly
endocrine pathologies
hypertension
work related to visual strain
eye injuries, surgeries

The issue of maintaining vision long years- one of the priority tasks on the list, the solution of which is necessary to maintain the health of the body.

Take an interest in health, goodbye.

Visiting an ophthalmologist annually is the easiest and most effective way preserve vision. Even if there are no problems. This practice will always help to identify dysfunctions visual system on early stages, find the causes and eliminate them without wasting precious time. But not only. Systematic medical checkup, in particular, studying the condition of the fundus of the eye, allows us to diagnose the onset of other diseases. These include diabetes, hypertension, brain tumors, osteochondrosis and many other ailments that can, in turn, cause a decrease in the quality of vision.

Proper nutrition

An unbalanced diet and strict diets provoke the development of dry eye syndrome. American scientists found this out by examining 37 thousand women. If your diet contains enough fish and nuts, rich fatty acids omega-3, the risk is reduced by 20%. And an excess of confectionery, vegetable and animal fats, on the contrary, increases the likelihood of developing dry eyes by 2.5 times. Try to eat as many blueberries as possible. She is a champion in the set of microelements necessary for the functioning of the retina. Plus, it contains antacids that prevent peroxide oxidation. But, of course, for this to be effective, blueberries must be eaten in large quantities. Or use it pharmaceuticals created on its basis. Any vegetables and herbs are also useful.

Correction

Sometimes vision problems can be solved with the help of surgical methods. For example, laser correction helps to correct visual impairments such as nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism.

Effective vision correction LASIK technique performed using an excimer laser in just 15 minutes. Before the procedure, the ophthalmologist conducts a personal diagnosis of the entire organ of vision, cornea, retina; based on the results of the examination, the degree of impact is calculated and the data is transferred to the computer of the laser device. Vision improves significantly within three hours after surgery. This procedure absolutely painless. High accuracy flyingspot technology allows you to perfectly align all aberrations, and eye-tracking technology monitors the position of the eye and corrects laser ray before each pulse.

Working at the computer

Computers are specifically brought out for consideration as a separate factor influencing the state of vision. You can’t go anywhere without them today. This is a necessity dictated by time, forcing us to spend many hours near the monitor. And if this cannot be avoided in any way, then you should practice certain technique security that reduces risk negative consequences. Take a break at least every half hour to rest your eyes. Turn away from the monitor, look outside the window or somewhere else into the distance, then blink. Monitor the quality of lighting and monitor brightness.

Gymnastics for the eyes (some exercises):

✓ Performed while sitting: close your eyes tightly for 3-5 seconds, then open your eyes for 3-5 seconds. Repeat 6-8 times.

✓ Performed while sitting: blink at a fast pace for 10-15 seconds, then pause for 7-10 seconds. Repeat 3-4 times.

✓ Performed while standing: look forward for 2-3 seconds, then focus your gaze on your finger right hand, placing it in front of the face at a distance of 25-30 centimeters at the level of the nose. After 3-5 seconds, lower your hand. Repeat 10-12 times.

✓ Performed while sitting: close your eyes and massage them with your finger in a circular motion. Repeat for 1 minute.

✓ Performed while standing: extend left hand in front of her face and look at her forefinger within 3-5 seconds. Then begin to bend your hand, bringing your finger closer to your nose until you notice a split in the finger. Do this 6-8 times.

✓ Performed while sitting: move your eyes in a circle, first counterclockwise, then clockwise. Do 4-6 repetitions.

3 circumstances that worsen vision

1 Once prescribed, glasses cannot be worn until retirement. Strength spectacle lenses must be selected from a doctor or optometrist, otherwise increased visual fatigue with pain in the eyes, pain in the bridge of the nose, circles before the eyes and a feeling of heaviness in the head up to a migraine.

2 Passive smoking increases the likelihood of one of the most common causes of blindness. Living with a smoker for 5 years doubles the risk of a disease that affects central part retina. And regular active smoking even triples this risk, according to a study by scientists at the University of Cambridge. If a person quits a bad habit after 20 years of smoking, over time the likelihood of the disease decreases and becomes the same as for non-smokers.

3 Constant wearing tight tie increases the likelihood of developing glaucoma and other serious eye diseases. British researchers came to this conclusion. It turns out that the knot in the tie compresses the vein, causing the eye pressure to rise. And this is a leading risk factor for the development of glaucoma, which can lead to vision loss.

Vision and TV

One of the main factors in reducing vision clarity is television. Watching TV programs every day leads to myopia. Rules for watching TV:

*the distance to the screen should be 5 times greater than the diagonal of the TV;

*during the day the room should be darkened a little, and in the evening, on the contrary, turn on a dim light behind the viewer;

*you can spend no more than three hours watching TV programs every day;

*give your eyes a rest, take a break from the screen for 10 minutes every half hour.

Vision and computer

*the top edge of the monitor should be 10 cm below eye level;

*the distance between the eyes and the computer must be at least 30 cm;

*every hour you need a break, during which you should do a set of exercises for the eyes;

*in front of the monitor you need to blink more often or use special moisturizing drops;

*the screen must remain clean, free of dust and dirt;

*if you have been prescribed glasses, do not forget to wear them when working with a computer.

If you follow the recommendations for maintaining good vision, you can spend no more than four hours in front of a computer monitor. If you have to work more, install a reminder program that will tell you through certain time that it’s time to do some eye exercises.

Vision and reading books

*the distance between the eyes and the book must be at least 30 cm;

*light should fall from top left;

*while reading, take breaks to look into the distance or do a set of eye exercises.

One more important recommendation To maintain good vision is to regularly visit an ophthalmologist. You should have your eyes checked at least once a year to make sure everything is fine. When diseases occur, they are much easier to cure at an early stage.

Nutrition for good vision

Eye function requires good support nutrients and vitamins, the lack of which can even cause blindness. Best Products for eyes containing essential vitamins and antioxidants are as follows:

*orange and green vegetables;

*berries (including blueberries);

*animals and vegetable fats containing vitamins A, D, E and Omega-3 fatty acids (eggs, butter and vegetable oil, liver, fish);

*seafood containing zinc and selenium.

*substances such as lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene are especially valuable for the eyes; they are found in tomatoes, tomato paste, green vegetables, including cabbage and spinach, green peas, corn.

Vision control

Decreased vision occurs in many diseases - both directly in the eye and in general disorders.

In developed countries, the most common causes of vision loss are myopia and farsightedness, cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetes mellitus. To prevent vision loss you need to:

*monitor visual acuity by visiting an ophthalmologist twice a year;

*after 40 years for timely detection For glaucoma, it is necessary to measure eye pressure once a year;

*After 45 years, you need to monitor your blood sugar levels annually.

Also accelerates vision loss bad habits- smoking and alcohol, which negatively affect the functioning of the blood vessels of the eye, retina and optic nerve. To maintain good vision for a long time, you need to give up bad habits.