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Often, summer residents use decorative vines to mask unsightly walls and hedges. If you select several for an open area different varieties prince, you get an elegant composition that will bloom for a long time. Learn about the varietal diversity of the climbing crop and its cultivation in unprotected soil.
Characteristics of the prince
The plant is closely related to another weaving flower -. But at the same time, it looks more sophisticated due to the delicate petals. Sometimes the prince is called wild hop or vine, as well as vine. With good support, the vine grows up to 3 meters in length, clinging to the ledges with twisting leaf petioles.
Other features:
- stem - flexible, with many shoots;
- root - fragile, fibrous;
- sheet plates - carved, located opposite each other;
- flowers - solitary, large (about 10 cm in diameter), look like bells, heads down;
- color - white, pink, blue, purple. There are princes in which 2 shades are combined;
- flowering - from May-June;
- fruits - round, pubescent. They ripen in late summer or early autumn.
Attention! When planting a prince, remember that the plant contains poison. AT folk medicine anti-inflammatory, tonic decoctions and tinctures are prepared from it. But it is forbidden to cook and drink them without consulting a doctor!
Types and varieties of princes for growing in the garden
Botanists described 8 types of climbing culture. Of these, only a few are found in the backyards of Russian gardeners. Each type of prince has its own varieties. In total, there are more than a hundred of them.
The most famous:
Alpine. This species blooms with blue-violet bells ranging in size from 2 to 6 cm. It can release buds twice per season: by the beginning and end of summer. Varieties:
- Pamela Jackman - abundantly produces bright purple flowers;
- Lemon Dream - different white-lemon color;
- Francis Rivis - blooms bluish purple, etc.
Alpine
large-petal. Flowers of saturated color and up to 9 cm in size bloom in May days. These princes are resistant even to 30-degree frosts. It is not surprising that more than 2 dozen varieties have been bred on the basis of this beautiful species in all respects. Some of them (all semi-double):
- Ballet Skist - decorate the garden pink flowers reminiscent of an elegant ballerina's tutu;
- Markham's Pink - purple-pink variety;
- Cecile - blooms with purple-blue bells.
large-petal
Siberian. Forms flowers 3-4 cm in size. Color - pure white or with an admixture of yellow. This prince winters well and can bloom 2 times in one season. Due to the fruits, it retains its decorative effect even after withering.
Siberian
Okhotsk. Distinctive feature- 8 petals in an inflorescence. You can see them in June, when blue-violet or blue buds bloom on the prince. The most popular variety is Carmine Rose, where the pale pink color is in harmony with purple.
Okhotsk
Planting a prince in the garden
When choosing a location, it is better to give preference to a slightly shaded area than an open area with scorching sun rays. The soil should be fertile, loose, with neutral acidity. Make sure that the landing site of the prince is not blown by the winds. One more thing, no less important condition, - presence of support. It can be a pergola, a fence, any mesh.
To root the seedling, dig a deep and wide hole. Approximate landmarks - 0.5-0.6 m in all directions. Lay a 10-15 cm layer of drainage from broken brick or crushed stone at the bottom. About a month before planting the prince, pour 5-8 kg of humus, 2-3 cups of wood ash and 50 grams of superphosphate in granules into the hole. If the soil is acidic, add about 100 g of slaked lime to this.
Landing prince:
Advice. For rooting, choose a May day, although some summer residents prefer to plant a crop in late summer or even autumn.
Features of care, pruning and reproduction
The plant of the first year of life loves water, but will not tolerate its stagnation. Moisten the soil at least once every 7-10 days, and even more often in drought. After that, loosen the earth. Make sure the plants are mulched. As the crop grows, you can slightly reduce the intensity of watering.
For rich color and abundant flowering, feed the flower. Alternate liquid organic and mineral "nutrition". Fertilize once a month after watering the prince. In total, 3 top dressings are required: during the development of shoots, during the formation of buds and after flowering. Regularly trim dry twigs and withered inflorescences, shorten the rest of the shoots by 1/3.
The prince needs rejuvenation every 5 years. If the variety is not resistant to frost, the shoots are removed from the support and covered with spruce branches, and the root collar is mulched. The prince is rarely affected by ailments and pests. Use fungicides and insecticides to control.
You can propagate culture like this:
- seeds. Before spring sowing, they are kept in the cold for 2 months. In autumn, the material is planted without preparation;
- division. Adult princes separate in April;
- cuttings. Requirements: length - 3-6 cm (taken from the middle part of the branch), the presence of 2 knots. They are cut in the summer and rooted in a greenhouse, in a mixture of expanded clay and sand. Wrap with foil on top and store until next year.
The simultaneous cultivation of the Alpine, Siberian and Okhotsk princes will make the dream of a continuously flowering corner of the garden come true. It will be alternately dotted with flowers of different shades from late spring to early autumn.
Under the name of princes. Planting and caring for these unpretentious plants is not at all difficult, and with their bright and abundant flowering they have been pleasing since the beginning of May.
Description of the prince
These flowers are shrubby vines and are close relatives of clematis. A woody stem with many flexible graceful shoots, covered with numerous openwork pinnate leaves, is able to rise to a height of up to 3 meters.
The flowering period of princes falls on the first half of summer. An elliptical bud is formed on long pedicels (up to 12 cm). Gradually, it turns into a Knyazhik, which differs from clematis in the arrangement of sepals and the presence of unfused petals, which the latter does not have at all. The color of the flowers is the most various shades from white to purple.
By the end of summer, rather peculiar fruits appear in their place. They are a spherical head, consisting of numerous fluffy columns. For their unusual appearance, the fruits, covered with pubescent pink hairs, are popularly called "grandfather's curls."
Varieties of the prince
Originally from the mountainous regions of Europe, today the alpine prince is the most common in Russia. The flowers of this representative of this variety are violet-blue, up to 6 cm in size, and already bred through selection work, they can have a very different color.
The Alpine prince is attractive in that it can bloom again closer to autumn, although not as plentifully as the first time, but, nevertheless, quite beautifully. Usually, old vines are periodically pruned in order to rejuvenate the bush.
The Prince of Okhotsk is one of the most frost-resistant varieties and inhabits mainly the forests of Primorsky Krai. It practically does not differ in height from the Alpine counterpart, but the flowers are somewhat different - they can have up to 8 petals.
It blooms already in the second half of summer with white or yellowish flowers, the length of which is up to 4 cm. They exude a very pleasant aroma that attracts in large numbers insects, especially bees. This is the most unpretentious plant clematis family. Siberian princes can be planted both in the sun and in partial shade.
The knyazhik krupnopetalny grows mainly in Siberia and Far East. It has very unusual, almost double flowers of blue-purple color. These are the princes most susceptible to frost. Planting and caring for them have some differences. So, for example, for the winter, these plants must be removed from their supports and covered to protect them from frost.
Growing conditions
Many gardeners are happy to plant princes in their garden due to the amazing unpretentiousness of these plants. When choosing a landing site, preference should be given to areas that are well lit by the sun or slightly shaded. lower part shoots are recommended to be shaded by planting around plants that have a non-aggressive root system. Just like clematis, princes have a very delicate flowers which may be damaged in case of bad weather. Therefore, it is worth considering the protection of plants from the wind.
Any soil is suitable for these flowers, especially loamy, fertile. The only exceptions are swampy and waterlogged areas.
reproduction
This procedure does not cause any problems. by the most different methods- princes can propagate by seeds, cuttings, layering or division of the rhizome. Plant varieties are irrelevant.
In autumn, seeds are collected and sown in a container, burying it in the ground for the winter. The cuttings are prepared in such a way that each has up to two internodes, and the lower end has an oblique cut of at least 3 cm. They are planted at the end of June in greenhouses, where they are periodically watered and ventilated.
The division of the bush is usually done in the spring, before the start of the growing season. To do this, they dig up an old bush and divide it into parts, where each has roots and buds.
Reproduction by layering is considered the simplest and most promising. The young shoot is tilted to the ground and pinched, falling asleep with earth. After it takes root, the plant can be separated and transplanted to another place.
Knyazhiki: planting and caring for seedlings
These flowers are planted in the ground usually in spring, in May, or in autumn - in September. Planting pits are preliminarily prepared at a distance of 100-150 cm from each other and 60 x 60 cm in size. A drainage layer of about 15 cm is laid on their bottom. This can be crushed stone or broken brick. Then the pits are filled with humus or compost with the addition of superphosphate (50 g) and wood ash (3 cups). With acidic soils, slaked lime (80-100 g) can be used. It is important that there is at least 30 cm to the foundation of the nearest building.
The plant should be planted very carefully, because fragile roots can break. In this case, they must be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate and sprinkled with ash. The roots are spread over the surface of the mound made in the planting hole and covered with earth. The plants are then watered and mulched. The deepening of the root collar in seedlings should be carried out by 6-10 cm, and in adult plants - a couple of centimeters more.
To prevent infection of the prince with fungal diseases, after planting, it is recommended to sprinkle the basal neck with sand with wood ash or coal and pour a 25% solution of potassium permanganate.
Planting seeds
Propagation by seeds is quite often used when you need to grow princes. Planting and caring for seedlings, even for beginner gardeners, is not particularly difficult. In pots filled with earth and sand in a ratio of 2: 1, the seeds are sown and covered thin layer sand, lightly digging. Then water and cover the soil with glass.
When at least 3 pairs of leaves appear on the plant, it is possible to carry out picking on prepared ridges consisting of soddy soil, humus, leafy soil, sand and peat. Plants are planted in rows, the distance between which is at least 25 cm. Seedlings must be shaded and watered as the soil dries. When new leaves appear, the soil between the rows is well loosened and mulched.
Only the next autumn or spring, young plants are transplanted to a permanent place, the most suitable for a flower such as a prince. Photos of areas where these plants harmoniously fit into the design and are a worthy decoration of the garden can help with this.
Diseases and pests
Among the most common diseases that princes are susceptible to are powdery mildew, rust, brown spot and You can fight them with the help of processing by special means and removal of damaged parts of the plant.
Snails and slugs often damage the leaves of the prince. They have to be removed mechanically. From the mealy worm, the plant will be protected by spraying with karbofos.
Using the prince
These plants are great for poles, stakes or shelving, they can make an amazing addition to a house wall, fence or stairs. The advantages of other plants in the garden can be emphasized by a light and graceful prince. Photos of gazebos, balconies, trees decorated with this flower are striking in their originality and beauty.
In addition to the decorative function, the princes are also very useful. Medicines Based on this plant, it has long been used in folk medicine for the treatment of headaches, epilepsy and rheumatism.
Princes and clematis belong to the buttercup family. They are so similar that some botanists classify them in the same genus - clematis (Clematis). The only difference between the plants is that the flowers of the prince have small and almost imperceptible petals, bordered from below by large brightly colored leaves of the calyx. Clematis has no petals at all, but only a differently colored different types a cup of 4-8 leaves, which we take for the flower itself.
Alpine prince "Tage Lundell"
Varieties
Alpine prince- Atragene alpina L. grows in Central Europe along the banks and rocky cliffs of rivers, in bushes. Liana, rising to a height of 3 meters, attached with long twisting petioles to a support and hanging from it in thick garlands.
The flowers are broadly bell-shaped, 2-6 cm in diameter, azure-blue or bluish-violet. The prince blooms in May-June. Numerous, collected in a head, fluffy fruitlets ripen in August-September. It has varieties (forms) with pink and white flowers.
Alpine prince "Willy"
Varieties with flowers of various colors:
- "Pink Flamingo" ("Pink Flamingo") - a liana 2-3 meters high, pink flowers, drooping 6-7 cm long. Abundant flowering in April-June, re-single flowers in July-August. The first cropping group.
- "Pamela Jackman" ("Pamela Jackman") - a vine 2-3 m high, flowers are blue-violet, drooping, 4-5 cm long. Flowering on last year's shoots in May. The first cropping group.
- "Willy" ("Willy") -liana 2-3 m high, flowers from white to rich pink, drooping, 5 cm long. Abundant flowering in May. The first cropping group.
- "Francis Rivis" ("Francis Rivis" ) - liana 2-3 m high, blue flowers, drooping with long (5-8 cm) petals. Blooms profusely in May-June. The first cropping group.
Grows best in shade and partial shade (northern exposure), especially in southern areas where it suffers from drought (even when watered). Shoots for the winter should be shortened. It is propagated by seeds, layering, cuttings, both lignified and summer. Seeds sown in October in a greenhouse germinate in June.
Recommended for vertical gardening of low objects, fences and tree trunks, planting among stones (for rock gardens). deserve widespread in more northern areas Russian Federation. In culture since 1792.
knyazhik krupnopetalny
- Atragene macropetala. Homeland - Eastern Siberia, the Far East, China, Korea, where it is found on the forest edges of coniferous and deciduous forests. Very rare in culture. Grows even on Kola Peninsula in the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden, but its culture south of St. Petersburg is more reliable.It has the most intensely colored flowers. They consist of four oblong, up to 5 cm long, covered with soft hairs of blue-purple, and even black-purple sepals before blooming, and numerous linear-shaped blue-purple petals of almost the same length as the sepals. This prince blooms in May-June, and the fruits ripen in July-August. It also propagates by seeds and cuttings, the rooting rate of which is over 50%. In the photo above, the variety "Lagoone".
Knyazhik krupnopetalny "Maidwell Hall"
Large-petaled prince Markham's Pink
Varieties with different flower colors:
- "Estrella" ("Estrella") - a liana 3-4 meters high, the flowers are blue, with a double corolla, drooping, 4-5 cm long. It blooms profusely on last year's shoots in May-June, individual flowers appear throughout the summer. The first trimming group (regulating). Winter-hardy.
- "Memm" ("Memm" ) - liana 3-4 m high, flowers are white, with a double corolla, drooping, 4-5 cm long. Abundant flowering on last year's shoots in May-June, individual flowers appear throughout the summer. The first cropping group.
- "Rosie O" Grandy "(" Rosy O "Grandy") - a liana 2-3 m high, flowers are pink, drooping, 4-5 cm long. Abundant flowering on last year's shoots in May-June, individual flowers appear throughout the summer . The first cropping group.
- "Maidwell Hall" ("Maidwell Hall" ) - a vine 2-3 m high, flowers are blue-violet, drooping, 4-5 cm long. Abundant flowering on last year's shoots in May-June, individual flowers appear throughout the summer. The first cropping group.
- "Jan Lindmark" ("Jan Lindmark") - a vine 2-3 m high, flowers are blue, bell-shaped, drooping, 4-5 cm long. Abundant flowering on last year's shoots in May-June, individual flowers appear throughout the summer. The first cropping group.
- "White Swan" ("White Swan") - a vine 2-3 m high, flowers are white, narrow, drooping, 3-4 cm long. Abundant flowering on last year's shoots in May-June, individual flowers appear throughout the summer. The first cropping group.
Prince of Okhotsk. Photo by L. Dorofeeva
Shrub liana. Reaches 3 m. Flowers up to 8 cm in diameter are broadly bell-shaped, consist of 4-8 violet-blue or azure sepals softly pubescent on the outside and linearly pubescent and much shorter petals. Flowers appear in June, fruits ripen in late July - September.
Siberian prince- Atragene sibirica L. Grows in coniferous and deciduous forests from Karelia to the upper reaches of the Volga and the eastern Urals, in Siberia, in the Pamir and Tien Shan mountains. Prefers forest edges and coastal thickets, rocky slopes and rocky deposits. This is the most beautiful liana of the Siberian taiga. Protected in nature reserves.
Siberian prince
The stems of the Siberian prince rise along the support to a height of up to 3 meters, wrapping around it with leaf petioles. The flowers are large, have the appearance of a wide drooping bell 3-4 cm long, with white and yellowish-white sepals covered with soft hairs.
At the end of flowering, the prince does not lose its decorative effect, as original fruits appear on the plant.
In appearance, the Siberian prince is similar to the two previous species, from which it differs large sizes, the color of the flowers, in addition, the timing of flowering: the Alpine prince blooms in spring, the Okhotsk prince - in early summer, the Siberian prince - in mid-summer, sometimes again in autumn. Their joint use allows you to create beautiful flowering compositions with different terms flowering and different colors. Cuttings give a high percentage of rooting.
Place and conditions
The princes are photophilous, but in the sun the flowers and leaves become smaller. Plantings must be protected from the wind, as the stems, as well as large flowers, are very delicate and can be damaged by the wind. The prince is winter-hardy, even in the north of the European part of Russia, he winters without shelter.
"Lemon Dream"
"Cecile"
When is the best time to plant?
It is better to plant a prince in the spring. You need to start by preparing the landing pits. Before planting, 5-8 kg of humus, rotted manure or compost, 50 g of granular superphosphate, 2-3 cups of wood ash are added to the pit. If the soil is acidic, add 50-100 g of slaked lime. At the bottom of the drainage pit, put a broken brick with a layer of 10-15 cm, crushed stone, vermiculite.
AT middle lane and north best time for planting - May, and in the fall - the end of August and September. The soil is prepared for spring planting in the fall, and for autumn - a month before planting. The distance between very tall plants should be at least 150 cm, and plants of smaller species are planted at a distance of 70-100 cm.
Prince of Tangut
It is better to plant two-year-old rooted cuttings and seedlings that tolerate transplantation well. Before planting, all shoots above the first or second pair of buds are pruned. Broken parts of the roots must be cut off when planting; the rest to process weak solution potassium permanganate and sprinkle with crushed charcoal or ash.
A mound of earth is poured at the bottom of the pit and roots are spread on it. Then they are covered with moist soil. The earth is compacted, watered and mulched. The root neck during planting should be deepened by 5-10 cm for young seedlings and 10-12 cm for adult plants. On the heavy soils it is deepened by 5-8 cm, on the lungs - a little more. This protects the root neck in the north from freezing, and in the south from overheating.
"Ballet Skirt"
From infection with fungal diseases, the root neck is sprinkled with a layer of sand (bucket) mixed with wood ash (250 g), crushed charcoal and watered with a 0.25% solution of potassium permanganate. If buds appear in the first year after planting, then for better engraftment of plants they should be removed.
Taking care of princes
The princes are watered after 7-10 days, so that the soil is saturated to a depth of 40-50 cm. 2-3 days after watering, the soil is loosened to preserve moisture. In extreme heat, water two to three times a week. Also, the princes should be well watered before winter.
It is very important for proper growth to attach the plants to the support, this helps to avoid mechanical damage and diseases.
Top dressing on personal plots is carried out at least twice a month. The first top dressing is carried out at the beginning of shoot growth and during budding, the next - after flowering and pruning. From organic fertilizers urea is added in liquid form (10 g per 10 liters of water), mullein (1:10), bird droppings (1:15). From mineral fertilizers, complete fertilizers (10-20 g per 10 l of water) or nitroammophoska (10 g per 10 l of water) are applied.
We protect from adversity
Powdery mildew. Common most often in the south, it affects all parts of the plant. A white cobwebbed coating appears on the leaves, the leaves and shoots turn brown and dry. Control measures: fallen leaves are collected, diseased shoots are pruned and burned; treatment with drugs for fungal diseases is recommended.
Rust. It also affects all above-ground parts of the plant, on which reddish-yellow spots are formed - swelling. Control measures: spraying with drugs for fungal diseases.
Brown spotting. It affects only the leaves, which form brown or white spots with a purple border, and black dots appear on the surface of the spots. The defeat of the shoots begins with young leaves and can lead to the death of the entire above-ground part of the plant. Control measures: to combat brown spot in early spring and late autumn, the plant is treated with copper or iron sulfate (0.1%), Bordeaux mixture (0.5-1%), copper-soap emulsion (0.2-2.%), topsin -M (0.1-0.2%); the affected plants are completely cut off and burned, the ground around them is sprayed with a 0.2% solution of foundationazole or a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
"Pink Flamingo"
Stolwijk Gold
Slugs and snails. Leaves are damaged. Control measures: it is necessary to collect pests and destroy the eggs they lay; spraying the soil with metaldehyde (0.5-1.5%).
Mealybug. Damages leaves and shoots. Against it, it is effective to spray with karbofos (0.3%).
We propagate
Seeds are mixed with sand in a ratio of 1:3. The mixture is moistened and taken out under the snow or in a refrigerator with a temperature of about 5°C. This technique reduces the germination time. So, without stratification, the Alpine prince from sowing to germination takes up to 250 days, and with stratification, its duration is less than 70 days.
For sowing and picking, which is carried out at the stage of 3-4 pairs of leaves, the ridges are prepared from a mixture of 2 parts of sod land, 1 part of humus, 1 part of leafy soil and 0.5 parts of sand and peat. The distance between dived plants should be 3-4 cm, between rows - 25-30 cm. Picks are shaded with shields and watered as needed. The aisles are loosened and mulched after the appearance of new 2-3 pairs of leaves.
Seedlings are planted in a permanent place either next fall or in the spring after overwintering. When transplanting, the root neck should be deepened by 2-3 cm. For the winter, the plants are cut and spud, covered with snow. Vegetative propagation is considered the most promising for the reproduction of princes.
In the middle lane, dividing the bush is best done in the spring in April, before the start of the growing season. Bushes 5-6 years old with large quantity shoots are dug up with a lump and, trying not to damage the root system, they are divided into several plants, so that each of them has roots and renewal buds. Then the plants are planted in pits with fertile soil, deepening the first node of the shoot to a depth of 8-10 cm. The number of new plants depends on the degree of development of the mother bush.
When propagating by layering, in the spring they dig several grooves 5-10 cm deep in the radial direction from the bush. The shoots are placed in the grooves and covered with earth. The end of the escape is brought out. Layers are watered and fed. A year later, rooted cuttings are separated from the mother plant. They are cut between nodes into individual plants, which, after planting, can bloom in the very first year.
"White Swan"
Reproduction of princes cutting method gave top scores when taking cuttings in late June - early July. Rooting is carried out in greenhouses. The substrate is a layer of expanded clay 10-15 cm. It must be covered with 7-8 cm of washed river sand. Greenhouses are closed with membranous frames. Better conditions for rooting are created if the substrate is heated and dosed watered. The temperature of the substrate and air should be 20-25°C.
For cuttings use middle part escape with one or two nodes. An oblique cut is made under the node and a segment of the shoot 3-6 cm long is left. The cuttings are planted at a distance of 5-10 cm, the buds should be 2-3 mm deep.
One more season is needed to bring rooted cuttings to independent development, so they are transplanted into containers (pots or plastic bags) installed in the greenhouse. From above, the cuttings are mulched and watered.
Good results are obtained when cuttings are treated with a growth stimulator. Without processing, the percentage of rooting is also high - 50-70%. Rooting princes lasts 20-30 days.
In the garden
Used for vertical gardening. Knyazhiki can be used to decorate tapestries and trellises. Light, transparent, beautiful and at the same time comfortable and durable supports enhance the decorative effect, emphasize the dignity of plants. On such supports, the princes look like flowering carpets.
Curly princes take up little space when planted and can be planted where trees or shrubs cannot be planted. Their long shoots with a variety of leaf colors, many magnificent flowers in color and size and original silvery fruits can decorate large areas providing shade, protection from sun rays and dust.
From Delenka: We will definitely publish a guide for you on the types of clematis pruning. For now, we only note that pruning group 1 assumes that the plant is not pruned at all, only dried shoots are removed. In large-leaved clematis, it is also recommended to remove 2-3 top nodes to stimulate tillering.
The dicotyledonous buttercup-flowered plants of the princes are not as common in household plots as the beloved clematis, but in the gardens of true lovers of the natural landscape, these woody vines find a worthy place. Princess flowers are indispensable when creating compositions in a natural style, as they appearance as close as possible to the natural flora. princes is a small group natural species and varieties and hybrids derived from them, in most respects very similar to clematis, but having a fundamental difference in the structure of the flower: inside the perianth, consisting of four or more colored sepals, there are petals. This circumstance served as the basis for separating them into an independent botanical genus - Prince ( Atragene) . The genus is not numerous, according to various estimates, it includes from 7 to 13 species. However, in some classifications, these plants are considered as a garden group (Atragene Group) in number. You can find photos and descriptions of popular types and varieties of princes on this page.
Advantages of the flowers of princes
According to the description, the flowers of the princes are not as diverse in shape as the flowers of clematis - they are predominantly bell-shaped, they are simple and double, of different colors. As you can see in the photo, the flower petals of the princes are small (often no longer than the perianth lobes) and, as a rule, are so plain that their presence practically does not affect the decorative effect:
But because of the characteristic drooping shape of flowers hanging on long pedicels, many find princes more elegant than clematis. The princes bloom before clematis - in May-June and only on the shoots of last year, so the shoots are not pruned after flowering. The great advantage of princes is their high frost resistance, they confidently winter in the Moscow region, withstanding frosts down to minus 35-40 ° C without removing them from their supports. In addition, they are extremely resistant to lack of light and can grow and bloom for many years without loss of decorative effect in conditions of only reflected light. Sometimes in warm summers, princes can bloom a second time in August-September. They belong to the first cropping group. The princes do not cut, or rather, occasionally carry out rejuvenating pruning. After four or five years, heavily overgrown bushes inevitably become bare from below, which in many cases reduces their decorative effect. Therefore, it is believed that once every few years they must be completely cut to the ground in order to stimulate the growth of young shoots. This should be done immediately after flowering (in June), so that new shoots can grow during the summer, which will bloom in the spring of next year.
Sometimes, in order not to weaken the bushes, especially the old ones, they act in the following way. If strongly lignified shoots can still be divided, after flowering, some of them are carefully cut to the base, and the second part is left to vegetate.
On the next year after flowering, the remaining old shoots are cut out, thereby completely renewing the entire vegetative mass.Due to their high frost resistance (minus 40-45 ° C), princes are especially interesting for cultivation in regions with fairly severe winters. Therefore, at present, many different varieties with flowers have been bred, various shapes and sizes - simple and terry, drooping bell-shaped and open with soaring sepals, with a diameter of 3-4 cm to 7-9 cm.
Types and varieties of garden princes from the clematis group
In culture and breeding work, they are mainly used the following types princes:
Alpine prince ( Atragene alpina)
Large-petaled prince ( Atragene macropetala)
Korean prince ( Atragene Koreana)
Siberian prince ( Atragene sibirica)
Prince of Okhotsk Atragene ochotensis)
Fori prince ( Atragene fauriei)
Western prince ( Atragene occidentalis)
The most popular varieties of princes in the Moscow region are:
Ballet Skirt (macropetala)
The flowers are pink with a slight warm shade, terry, wide, cream inside, 5-6 cm in diameter. It blooms on the shoots of last year, in May-June. The length of the creeper is 1.6-2 m. Regulatory and rejuvenating pruning is recommended once every 4-5 years.
Blue Princess (alpina)
The flowers are lilac-blue, greenish-cream inside, double, 4 cm in diameter, fragrant. Blossoms on shoots of the previous year, in May - June, sometimes again in September. The length of the vine is 2.2-2.5 m. Regulatory and rejuvenating pruning is recommended once every 4-5 years.
Columbine (alpina)
The flowers of this variety of princes are intensely lilac in color, simple, white-yellow inside, 5 cm in diameter. It blooms on the shoots of last year, in May-June. Differs in exceptionally abundant flowering. Can be successfully grown in containers. The length of the vine is 2-3 m. Regulatory and rejuvenating pruning is recommended once every 4-5 years.
Frankie (alpina)
The flowers are blue-violet, simple, open, 5 cm in diameter. Look at the photo - inside the flowers of this variety of princes are white and yellow:
Blossoms on shoots of the previous year, in May - June, sometimes again in the second half of summer. An ideal variety for growing in a container is Frankiepax. The length of the creeper is 2.5-3 m. Regulatory and rejuvenating pruning is recommended once every 4-5 years.
AT recent times gardeners have noticeably increased interest in clematis, this is due to their high decorativeness, due to the abundance of flowering, the variety of colors, shapes and sizes of flowers, the duration of flowering and openwork foliage. The princes are very similar to them, which have small petals that clematis do not have, but there is a calyx of four to eight sepals, which we take for the flower itself, differently colored in different species and varieties.
The Central Siberian Botanical Garden (CSBS) has a collection of clematis species and varieties, the main part of which was created as a result of the introduction work begun in 1999.
Features of clematis
Clematis are diverse in decorative qualities and biological features. Most clematis are climbing lianas , the plant itself, with the help of leaf petioles, is able to cling to supports.
The smaller part is climbing clematis , unable to independently climb the support and gain a foothold on it, so they must be tied up by themselves. There are low erect forms of clematis .
Species clematis are distinguished by small, up to 6 cm in diameter, flowers, but we rightfully classify them as highly ornamental plants for their lush flowering. They are distinguished by:
- high winter hardiness (do not require Siberian conditions shelter for the winter or light shelter),
- resistance to drought and fungal diseases,
- unpretentiousness when growing, but grow better on drained loam with a slightly acidic, alkaline or neutral reaction.
Clematis bloom
Clematis look spectacular on a support against a lawn, next to conifers, surrounded by other flowers, can be used to decorate walls, fences, arbors. In Siberian conditions, their flowering begins in June and continues until frost.
Before all, in June, clematis blooms straight, Manchurian, whole-leaved, then paniculate, purple, oriental, gray, large-flowered varietal, virgin, serrated.
soil for clematis
Acidic soils need to be limed. Salt, waterlogged soils are unsuitable. Weak frosts are not dangerous for them. Almost all clematis are photophilous, grow well in areas protected from the wind. Landing - end of May, June, August, beginning of September. Watering once a week, plentifully. Top dressing with organic and mineral fertilizers.
Reproduction of clematis
Propagated by seeds, summer cuttings, layering, dividing the bush.
We will consider tall clematis and princes that successfully grow in our Siberian conditions.
Clematis shorttail(Clematisbrevicaudata)
Liana 5-7 m long. Stems climbing or creeping, strongly branched, furrowed. The leaves are doubly pinnate, the lower lobes are tripartite or tripartite, the rest are entire, 2-5x1.5-4 cm, sharp, notched-serrate, rarely coarsely dentate, almost glabrous. Flowers are bisexual, white in many-flowered inflorescences. The fruits are pubescent.
Naturally grows along river and stream valleys, pebble deposits, rocky outcrops, among bushes in the Far East.
In TsSBS - liana 3-5 m. Blooms 15-30 days, July-August. Every year, part of the annual shoots freezes over, in severe winters to the snow line. It grows well and is preserved under trees. Prefers fairly fertile and moist soils, not drought-resistant. Not salt tolerant. Shade-tolerant. Growth is fast. Propagated by seeds (stratification 4 months at a temperature of 2-5°C), layering and summer cuttings.
Photo: short-tailed clematis
Clematis serrata(Clematisserratifolia)
Strongly branched liana 1.5-3 m. Stems climbing or creeping, strongly branched, furrowed, glabrous. Flowers broadly bell-shaped, yellowish, up to 4 cm in diameter, solitary, bisexual. The leaves are twice-, rarely thrice-triple-compound, the leaflets are entire, dentate-serrate, pointed. The fruits are pubescent achenes.
Naturally distributed in the Far East, in Korea, in areas warmer than Novosibirsk. It grows on pebble deposits, in coastal shrubs and on rocky slopes.
In Novosibirsk: liana, reaching 2-3 m by the end of summer, blooms from early September until frost. Fruits are gray or yellow-brown, fluffy. The seeds do not ripen. It freezes in severe winters to the snow line, sometimes to the level of the soil, it recovers well, sometimes it rots. Fruits from two years. Leaves are not colored in autumn.
It is content with relatively infertile and insufficiently moistened soils. Photophilous. Growth is fast. Decorative throughout the growing season, and especially at the time of flowering and fruiting. As a late-flowering liana, it enriches the assortment of ornamental plants in autumn. It is recommended for use in vertical gardening with a support height of up to 2 m, it can be used as a ground cover plant on slopes, because it forms around the planting site a lot of coppice lush and intertwining lianas with lush greenery. Propagated by summer cuttings, shoots.
Photo: clematis serrata
Clematis purple(Clematisviticella)
Shrub liana up to 3-4 m. The leaves are compound, most often of 5-7 leaflets, doubly pinnate. The flowers are drooping, half-open, 2.5-5 cm in diameter, solitary or collected in threes. Sepals 4, they are purple, lilac, purple, blue colors and shades. Anthers greenish-yellow. Blooms June - July - August on the shoots of the current year. Sets large seeds.
The species and its forms (Kermezina, pink, etc.) are recommended to be widely implemented for vertical gardening. Origin: Western Transcaucasia, Southern Europe, Asia Minor, Iran. Propagated by seeds (stratification month); cuttings. Seeds are sown in autumn, germinate the next year from mid-summer to autumn. Unpretentious. Preferably a light shelter for the winter.
Photo: purple clematis
Prince handsome (Siberian)(Atragenespeciosa)
Monoecious deciduous semi-shrub liana with thin, climbing stems 0.6-4 m long, climbing along supports with the help of leaf petioles. The leaves are compound, double-triple. Flowers bisexual, solitary, broadly bell-shaped, drooping, creamy white, 2-6 cm in diameter. Sepals often 4, petals external, pubescent, 2-3 times shorter than sepals. Fruitlets are small, pubescent, silvery, in heads.
It occurs almost throughout Siberia (forest region), in Europe, Central Asia in forests, forest meadows and edges, rocky slopes, rocks, along river banks. The people call the princes - vine, grandfather curls. In our conditions, it blooms in June - July, bears fruit in August - September from two years. It grows well on soils of medium fertility, sufficiently moistened, in partial shade. Not salt tolerant. Growth is fast. Propagated by seeds, summer cuttings, layering. Seeds of species of this genus are frozen for 2-3 days at minus 5-8°C and then stratified for 4 months at 2-5°C. It is used in vertical gardening for decorating low walls, fences or for planting near trees and shrubs.
Photo: Siberian prince
Prince of Okhotsk (Atragene ochotensis)
Monoecious deciduous vine up to 3 m long. Stems climbing, rarely creeping. The leaves are compound, double-triple; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, entire, 2-3-lobed or separate, dentate-serrate, slightly pubescent. Flowers are bisexual, violet-blue or azure, broadly bell-shaped, up to 7 cm in diameter, solitary. Fruits are pubescent, in heads.
It grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, in bushes in floodplains, on edges and rocky slopes, rarely on rocks in Eastern Siberia, the Far East, and foreign Asia.
In TsSBS blooms from 3 years 2-3 weeks, from the third decade of May. Seed ripening in August - September. Perennial shoots freeze slightly only in severe winters. Prefers sufficiently moist and fertile soils, not drought-resistant, not salt-resistant, photophilous, tolerates weak shading.
It can be used in landscaping, just like the handsome prince. Their joint use allows you to create beautiful flowering compositions of the same appearance, but with different flowering periods and different colors. Medicinal plant. Propagated by seeds, layering, summer cuttings.
Clematis and princes deserve a wider use and can decorate any corner of the garden.
Photo: Prince of Okhotsk
