Hippocrates good health knowledge of the constitution of food. How to eat according to hippocrates - all the problems of people from the fact that they are not proteins !!!!! Great people about nutrition and food

Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food (Hippocrates)

Today's highly processed food contains many "empty" calories, as well as a lot of ingredients that have been changed beyond recognition during the processing. But in order for us to have a lot of strength and energy, and to remain healthy, we need food that provides not only calories, but also takes care of the whole body, including providing adequate nutrition for the intestinal microflora we need. Food should be a positive part of human life, not only its composition is important, but also its appearance, taste and smell.

Many years ago good doctors were "wizards". They had to use all their medical knowledge, but in addition to this, most of them had a highly developed intuition, which allowed them to find what was missing in the patient and how to help him. Most often, these doctors did not have any the slightest idea about the cause of the disease, but their medicines, chosen in such a strange way that for modern doctors it may sound like “grandmother's tales,” these medicines worked wonders!

The key word was "observation" - and it carried with it many great discoveries. You don't need to know why cod liver oil, vegetables and legumes are good for you, you just know they are. What evidence is required to understand that a particular food is good for health? Mankind lived for millions of years, eating natural natural products: this is the main proof of their necessity.

Growing up in Greece, we used to eat lentils, beans or chickpeas every Monday and Thursday. Fish was served every Tuesday, and fresh vegetables were eaten most on Wednesday and Friday. On weekends, they ate chicken or meat, mostly lamb. It was pleasantly predictable. There was always a bottle of wine on the table: adults drank 1-2 glasses, the rest was left for the next day. Greek salad was served regularly - with sweet sun-soaked tomatoes, chopped green peppers, cucumber, sheep's feta cheese, delicious Greek oregano and olives. The salad was always accompanied by a small bottle of olive oil with vinegar and lemon slices. The Greeks season everything with lemon, even grilled meat - and it's really delicious.

My family's way of eating is typical of the traditional mediterranean diet, which, according to scientists, reduces the risk of heart disease, cancer and many other diseases. The main benefits of the Mediterranean diet are a combination of high consumption of vegetables and legumes, fruits and fish, extra virgin olive oil, and low consumption of red meat, refined grains, saturated fats and highly processed foods.

Food is the best medicine we know. Previously, it was not studied in such detail how it works, as it is today. But, like any drug taken in the wrong dosage, or if the drug itself is not right for the person, it can cause unwanted side effects or even cause illness.

MACRO AND MICRO ELEMENTS

The food we eat consists of micro and macro elements. Macronutrients provide us with energy, being the main integral part food. They can be divided into several categories: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, alcohol and fiber. Proteins and carbohydrates provide about 4 kcal / g, alcohol 7 kcal / g, fat 9 kcal / g of food eaten. Chemically speaking, fiber is mostly carbohydrates, but very little can be digested and absorbed by the body. However, it is very important for our health.

Trace elements, such as vitamins and minerals, are present in food in very small amounts. They do not provide energy on their own, but are vital for full-fledged work enzymatic processes in our body.

WHAT IS PROTEINS?

Proteins are very necessary for our body. All life on Earth is based on proteins. The functioning of our cells, hormonal and immune system is based on proteins, so we need to make sure that we have enough protein in our food. This is a critical factor for our health.

Proteins are made up of amino acids. There are 20 basic amino acids. 11 of them can be synthesized in the human body (essential amino acids), 9 cannot be synthesized (essential amino acids). If we don't get enough essential amino acids from food, the body lacks building materials and cannot function fully.

WHERE CAN YOU FIND PROTEINS?

There are two sources of protein - animal and plant food. animal protein found in dairy products, eggs, meat, poultry, fish and seafood. But dairy and meat are quite high in unsaturated fats, which is why you shouldn't overeat them. If you choose lean meats and lean dairy products, the fat content will not prevent you from getting protein from these foods.

Vegetable protein is found in nuts, legumes (beans, chickpeas, lentils) and, to a lesser extent, in vegetables. Soybeans are a good source of protein, but they also have other health benefits. Soy has been used in China, Japan, and Southeast Asia for thousands of years, but is rarely consumed in in kind. Soybeans are most commonly used to make tofu (bean curd), soy milk, tempeh, miso, fermented black beans and soy sauce. AT recent times many new soy products have become available, from soy flour and soy cheeses to soy meat- but, unfortunately, most of these products are processed for a long time, and therefore they are not an option for healthy eating.

HOW MUCH PROTEIN DO I NEED?

As a rule, a person needs 1-1.2 g of pure protein per 1 kg of body weight (the calculation is made for normal weight, if the body mass index is 23). These are current figures at an average physical activity person. It turns out that if a person weighs 70 kg, he needs at least 70-84 g of pure protein per day. If a person is physically active, goes in for sports, physical labor, as well as pregnant and lactating women need more protein.

The amount of pure protein is not the amount of food, because meat, poultry, fish and some nuts (almonds, cashews, peanuts) contain 20-30% protein. Accordingly, to get 70 g of protein, you need to eat about 350 g of these products.

If a person is a vegetarian, the body's need for protein does not change.

Most cooked legumes - beans, lentils, tofu - contain about 8% protein. Therefore, in order to get daily dose protein, you need to eat 900 g of beans.

Vegetarians benefit from adding onions and garlic to protein foods, as onions and garlic contain sulfur-containing amino acids, which are highly active antioxidants.

Spirulina algae - too good source vegetable protein. It can be bought in powder form at health food stores and added to food, soups, salads, and sauces.

WHAT HAPPENS IF A PERSON EATS LOW PROTEIN?

If a person's diet is low in protein, this leads to a decrease in muscle mass body. Muscles are needed for movement and defense internal organs. Also, muscles are the part of the body that burns the most energy, therefore, the smaller the muscle mass of a person, the lower his level of metabolism (metabolism). Many diseases of the elderly are associated with the loss of muscle mass.

Many protein products are also a valuable source of vitamins and minerals. For example, vitamin B12 (necessary for the formation of blood cells, as well as for the digestive and nervous systems) is found in meat, fish, eggs, poultry, but not in vegetable protein-containing products.

Amino acids methionine, L - cysteine and taurine (decomposition products of methionine, cysteine and vitamin B6) also play important role in system antioxidant protection organism. A low intake of these amino acids can lead to a lack of antioxidants produced in the body that protect the body from premature aging and disease.

Animal protein is quite expensive, but there is more than enough protein available in the industrialized world. Low protein intake can be a problem for low-income members of society, as protein is more expensive than carbohydrates and fats. Either way, protein foods are very satisfying, so they are a better investment over the long term than cheap, processed carbohydrate foods.

WHAT IF THERE IS TOO MUCH PROTEIN?

Amino acids do not accumulate in the body in reserve. This means that any excess protein will be slowly converted into blood sugar or stored as fat. Protein consumed in excess will also stimulate insulin production.

For many years, there has been a debate about how excessive protein intake affects the kidneys. In my understanding, healthy kidneys tolerate high protein intake without undesirable consequences. But people with kidney failure or nephrotic syndrome should avoid excess protein in their diet.

Since protein foods are very satisfying in themselves, it is quite difficult to overeat protein. Most often, people overeat bread, burgers, potatoes, chips, which is the reason for many contemporary problems with health.

ROLE OF PROTEINS IN METABOLISM

in the stomach and small intestine Human proteins are broken down into amino acids. Squirrels, necessary for the body are synthesized in the liver. Protein synthesis is a rather energy-intensive process, and an active release of heat also occurs. About 25% of the protein consumed in food is involved in this process, which means that in reality, proteins give us less energy than the table values \u200b\u200b(4 kcal / g of protein).

Protein is a key element of an efficient metabolism. The use of proteins affects the hormonal status of a person. Most importantly, proteins stimulate the release of human growth hormone and glucagon. Growth hormone stimulates an increase in muscle mass. Glucagon not only increases the feeling of satiety after eating, but more importantly, it stimulates the breakdown of fats in the body for energy production. The main function of glucagon in the body is to help increase blood sugar concentration if it falls (when a person is hungry or between meals), which provides a constant energy support for the body. Sugar is released into the blood during glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen) in the liver, as well as during the breakdown of proteins and fats.

When glucagon is synthesized in the body, there is no insulin synthesis, which means less fat storage activity and more fat burning activity.

PROTEINS AND FAT BURNING

Eating some protein with every meal will increase your body's ability to burn fat and will also result in more efficient satiety than a purely carb diet.

At breakfast, yogurt or pressed cheese will boost your metabolism and glucagon production.

Nuts and seeds provide both protein and healthy fats, making them a great snack choice, especially when paired with fruit.

Beans, lentils, and chickpeas contain protein and carbohydrates that are healthy; also a lot of protein is found in soy and soy products.

Hippocrates

Gymnastics, physical exercises, walking should firmly enter the daily life of everyone who wants to maintain working capacity, health, a full and joyful life.

Hippocrates

The doctor heals diseases, but nature heals.

Hippocrates

Very often the best medicine is to do without it.

Hippocrates

Mind is the best healer.

Hippocrates

Those who do not want to change their lives cannot be helped.

Hippocrates

The doctor is a philosopher: after all, there is not much difference between wisdom and medicine.

Gymnastics, physical exercises, walking should firmly enter the daily life of everyone who wants to maintain working capacity, health, a full and joyful life.

The effects of dietary remedies are long-lasting, while the effects of drugs are transient.

The actions of people, as well as their illnesses, seldom proceed from one cause. Every single action has many roots.

For an emergency illness, emergency remedies.

The human soul develops until death.

If a seriously ill person does not experience suffering, then he is mentally ill.

Life is short, the path of art is long, opportunity is fleeting, experience is misleading, judgment is difficult. Therefore, not only the doctor himself must use everything that is necessary, but also the patient, and those around him, and all external circumstances must contribute to the doctor in his activity.

Healing is a matter of time, but sometimes it is also a matter of opportunity.

Just as clothiers clean cloth, knocking it out of dust, so gymnastics cleanses the body.

The doctor heals diseases, but nature heals.

Medicine is truly the noblest of all the arts.

A powerful spirit saves a relaxed body.

A man becomes angry in two cases: when he is hungry and when he is humiliated, and a woman only in one case - when she does not have love.

Our nutrients should be a remedy, and our remedies should be food substances.

Do no harm (to the patient).

Neither satiety, nor hunger, and nothing else is good if it transgresses the measure of nature.

Idleness and idleness seek depravity and drag it along with it.

Idleness and idleness entail depravity and ill health; on the contrary, the aspiration of the mind to something brings with it cheerfulness, eternally directed towards the strengthening of life.

The opposite is cured by the opposite.

The drunkenness of fathers and mothers is the cause of the weakness and sickness of children.

Hippocratic Oath

I swear by Apollo the physician, Asclepius, Hygieia and Panacea and all the gods and goddesses, taking them as witnesses, to fulfill honestly, according to my strength and my understanding, the following oath and written obligation: to consider the one who taught me the medical art on an equal footing with my parents, to share with him with their wealth and, if necessary, help him in his needs; consider his offspring as his brothers, and this is an art, if they want to study it, to teach them free of charge and without any contract; instructions, oral lessons and everything else in the teaching to communicate to their sons, the sons of their teacher and students bound by obligation and oath according to medical law, but to no one else.

I direct the regimen of the sick for their benefit, according to my ability and my understanding, refraining from causing any harm and injustice. I won't give anyone what they ask of me lethal agent nor will I show the way for such a purpose; likewise, I will not hand any woman an abortion pessary. Purely and undefiled shall I conduct my life and my art. In no case will I make cuts in those who suffer stone disease by leaving it to the people involved in this business. Whatever house I enter, I will enter there for the benefit of the sick, being far from any intentional, unrighteous and destructive, especially from love affairs with women and men, free and slaves.

Whatever, during treatment - and also without treatment - I see or hear about human life from what should never be divulged, I will keep silent about it, considering such things a secret. To me, who inviolably fulfills the oath, may happiness be given in life and in art, and glory among all people for all eternity, while transgressing and giving a false oath, may it be the opposite.

Hippocrates

The humoral theory of Hippocrates four types organism

The doctrine of the "juices" of the body was first formulated by Hippocrates. He developed an idea borrowed from the philosophy of Empedocles, who believed that the universe was created from four basic
elements - earth, air, fire and water and that all known substances are various combinations these elements.

Four qualities correspond to the four elements: warm and moist (air), cold and dry (earth), warm and dry (fire), and cold and wet (water). Everything that exists on earth is divided into this category, it is the universal language of the universe, if possible
to tell.

As for the human body, in it these elements take the form of four fluids, or "juices" of the body: blood, black bile, yellow bile and mucus (phlegm). These
"Juices", according to Hippocrates, form the basis of the human body and can cause illness or health, depending on their ratio, excess or lack.

The legacy left by Hippocrates allowed Galen, personal doctor Emperor Marcus Aurelius, formulate the doctrine of the four types of temperaments and link them with the theory of "bodily juices" of Hippocrates, so that individual differences can be explained
in the behavior and dominant emotions of people. A sanguine temperament or excessive gaiety is due to an excess of blood, and a melancholic temperament is due to an excess of black bile. Excessive content of yellow bile in the body is the cause of choleric temperament (temper, outbursts of anger), and an increased content of mucus is the cause of phlegm.

So diseases in a person often appear due to a tendency to one or another type of temperament:

MELANCHOLIC

Most often there is an excess of the earth element
(black bile), which manifests itself in diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, constipation, stone formation, many types of cancer, paralysis, Parkinson's disease, depression.

HOLLERIC - acute inflammation, hyperactivity of organs (for example, hyperthyroidism), dry eczema, reddening of the skin, exhaustion, aggressiveness.

FLEGMATIC - colds, flu, bronchitis, prolonged inflammation, obesity, reduced organ activity, diabetes, psoriasis, lung disease, diarrhea, lethargy, dementia.

SANGUINE - spontaneous bleeding, hemorrhoids, circulatory disorders, impaired oxygen supply to the body, infections with high fever, heart disease, tissue proliferation, nervousness, overexcitation, manic states.

AT healthy body As a rule, all bodily juices are balanced. The disease appears from a violation of their balance. Our temperament determines the way of life, eating habits, habits. It is worth changing the diet and habits, change your lifestyle directly
the opposite - and you start to get better. Agree, the ancient doctors would not have been known until now, if their approach to treating a person would not have had a result. The biography of Galen describes the fact that the famous doctor often took up the treatment of already hopeless patients, the “healing” of which gained him great popularity.
FIRE (Yellow bile) corresponds to the hot and dry humor called choleric (from Gr. hOAl] (chole) = bile). Fire is saturated with energy, but does not form bonds. This is heat concentrated in a certain area, which gives us a clear picture of inflammation - a typical manifestation of yellow bile. On a psychological level, this humor corresponds to impulsive person elements of Fire, which, without wasting
time for "unnecessary" reflections, does what he sees fit. The dryness of Fire indicates that the choleric person is not inclined to coordinate his actions with anyone or anything, while heat indicates a large supply of energy.
An excess of yellow bile in the body gives rise to phenomena of the nature of Fire, such as, for example, the already mentioned inflammation. Fever and eczema - others typical manifestations this element, as well as hyperactivity of organs (eg, thyroid gland). An immoderate amount of humor can manifest itself in a variety of symptoms and diseases. As a rule, the most vulnerable areas of the patient are most at risk. people with excess
Fire inherent increased activity, loud voice, dry skin with a reddish tint. Their behavior is characterized by excessive self-confidence and assertiveness.
Diseases that occur with an excess of yellow bile - acute inflammation, hyperactivity of organs (for example, hyperthyroidism),
dry eczema, skin redness, exhaustion, aggressiveness.

WATER (phlegm, or mucus)
In its qualities, the element of Water, called phlegm, or phlegm, is diametrically opposed to yellow bile. Water is cold
and wet humor. Its excess causes mucus-like phenomena in the body, characterized by fluidity and loss of shape. Typical examples are colds, adenovirus infection, flu, bronchitis, sinusitis. Other manifestations of excess water can be diarrhea, psoriasis, and even dementia. In its materialized form
phlegm is easiest to see during severe runny nose. Since phlegm is associated with emotions, its excess can speak of grief, worry, or apathy.

Cold and wet phlegm has little energy, but it is able to form bonds. These qualities appear as
physiological as well as psychological levels. The phlegmatic is characterized by deep and strong feelings and experiences, emotionally rich and sincere relationships with people, often with family members. But at the same time, he is naturally inactive. Thus, psychological and physiological manifestations
energy deficiency and the ability to form bonds are very similar. These two spheres of human life are closely interconnected, and their connection can be accurately described through humors. Phlegm is a fluid humor, and this property ensures the removal of toxins from the body, a natural physiological process of our daily life. The first step to achieving emotional balance is taking enough liquids. daily rate for an adult is about two liters. Following this simple rule lays the foundation for emotional health. Diseases characteristic of
excess phlegm: colds, flu, bronchitis, prolonged inflammation, obesity, decreased organ activity, diabetes, psoriasis, lung disease, diarrhea, lethargy, dementia.

AIR (Blood) - the third, hot and humid, sanguine humor, the element of life. Its properties to give energy and form connections figuratively describe the life process of the organism. The combination of energy and the ability to form connections creates a picture of a typical person of Air -
sociable, friendly, good-natured and cheerful sanguine. Moisture endows with the desire to establish numerous contacts, while heat provides active energy. Blood is expansive by nature - a sanguine person tends to make a lot of acquaintances, many of which turn out to be rather superficial, because he also gravitates towards changing places. Psychological picture sanguine is good for work circulatory system. Blood flows to all corners of our body, making an interchange: giving nutrients and taking away waste. The blood is concentrated in the liver.

In addition to creating a red liquid in the body, blood plays an important role in digestion: its hot and moist energy is involved in the breakdown of food in the stomach and liver. Blood provides energy to the brain and heart, and
also responsible for the formation of sperm and mother's milk, which indicates its direct connection with conception and childbearing. Due to its expansiveness, this humor gives rise to diseases comparable to hot steam in the body. However, excess blood leads to disease. such as heart disease and vascular system, increased nervous excitability, exhaustion, migraine. And so
same: spontaneous bleeding, hemorrhoids, circulatory disorders, impaired oxygen supply to the body, high fever infections, heart disease, tissue proliferation, nervousness, overexcitation, manic states.

EARTH (Melancholy, or black bile)

The blood, the cheerful sanguine humor, is opposed by the cold and dry melancholic humor called black bile. This humor is the most dangerous of all, because it is hostile to the hot and humid nature of life. The combination of cold and dryness gives a small supply of energy and lack of
connections: processes become numb and freeze. Like phlegm, melancholy gives pallor, but more withered and haggard. While phlegm gravitates toward establishing connections, black bile tears them up and retires. This is a typical melancholic depression, the loss of the meaning of life, while the phlegmatic "depression" is more akin to melancholy and is caused by emotions that have not received an outlet. Melancholic people tend to
thinness, tall stature and laconic manners. An excess of black bile makes them particularly vulnerable to depression.
In traditional physiology, black bile is responsible for several very important functions. All solid parts of our body, such as hair, bones, nails, etc., are formed from black bile. retarding
The property of black bile is necessary for digestion: thanks to it, food is retained in the body long enough for proper digestion. Black bile gives stability and strength, and on a psychological level, it also gives endurance, perseverance, discipline and strength of character. She is
concentrated in the spleen and from there it enters the stomach to stimulate appetite. Thus, the stomach receives a signal that the body has become too cold and dry and needs food.

An excess of the earth element (black bile) causes diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, constipation, stone formation, many types of cancer, paralysis, Parkinson's disease, and depression.

The surrounding world is so integral and enclosed in a system in which a person is a separate link that interacts with other links of this system. All the products that are around us, regardless of whether it is herbs or food, help get rid of the disease. I will give my grandmother as an example, for 10 or 15 years she ate cottage cheese (a moisturizing product of water) with honey (a warming product of fire) every morning. What do you think this led to? Her body literally “boiled”! an excess of "blood" in the body. A diet consisting of cold and dry foods can eliminate steam in the body, and normalize the balance of bodily fluids.

Diet is a fundamental component of treatment.
Dietary prescriptions are usually based on the principle of antipathy. With an excess
cold and moisture (phlegm), the patient's nutrition should be aimed at removing
the body of excess Water, which is helped by hot and dry food. Proper diet -
this is the core of treatment, the main measure to combat the disease. Diet Provides
effectiveness of all other therapeutic measures. We must find out how
our client eats: food addictions people are often more than
peculiar. If a person suffering from excess black bile eats a lot
potatoes, cold and dry food, the solution is obvious: stop eating potatoes. This will be the most important step towards healing. Sometimes proper nutrition by itself can get rid of
ailment. Diet is the best treatment.

According to tradition, a person cannot get rid of the disease in isolation from his lifestyle with a small amount of chemicals. Sometimes healing requires a variety of measures and long
months. traditional medicine has potent means, but the preference
as far as possible, always given to moderate methods. If the situation allows,
the traditional doctor begins treatment with dietary advice and
mild plants. Only potent plants are resorted to
when ever a diet is combined with other soft means failed
with the restoration of balance and the body continues to suffer from a large
an excess of humor, or when the patient's position is dangerous. Healing just one
diet is not always achievable, and we have to turn to help
potent plants. These plants affect the work of deep processes in
organism, and they should be resorted to only in the second turn.

Food products are classified as follows:

Cold and wet foods to treat excess yellow bile:

Beer (light varieties), cider, cold water, egg whites, milk, soy milk, whey, soybeans, tofu (bean curd), tempeh (fermented soy product), seitan (wheat gluten,
or dense), cucumbers, beans, peas, pumpkin, melon, mango, all fruits and fruit
juices (excluding grapes, blackberries, raspberries, currants and gooseberries),
apples, pears (the nature of which varies somewhat depending on taste:
sweet - warmer, sour - drier), quince, zucchini, spinach, tomatoes,
lettuce, young and very soft cheeses (such as cottage cheese), pumpkin seeds
(unsalted), melon seeds, fish (except for trout), kelp and all
other seaweed, veal, pork, lamb, millet, mushrooms,
sunflower oil, coconut oil.

At significant excess yellow bile are also recommended: physical activity and game types sports, short sessions of dry sauna, swimming in not too hot water, exclusion of alcohol
(except for light beers). Avoid external sources of heat and strong emotions. Sexual activity also cools the body.

Blue and green colors reduce the amount of yellow bile, as does contact with water.

Psychological Measures: Fire must express itself through confident demeanor, perseverance, sports, and competition.

Cold and dry foods that treat excess blood:

Endive, potatoes, barley (barley), water, barley broth with lemon juice, vinegar, lemons and oranges (sour = cold/dry), rye, gooseberries, currants, sour apples and pears (like all
other sour fruits), chestnuts, lentils, loquat, tamarind (Indian dates), chicory, Brussels sprouts, grape leaves, surrogate coffee (chicory, acorns, barley), beef, green olives, cauliflower, broccoli.

With a significant excess of blood, it is also recommended: gymnastics, reducing the amount of food eaten, limiting social activity and mental activity, increasing the duration
recreation, practical views activities (for example, gardening), dry sauna (removes excess moisture from the body).

Dark colors reduce the amount of blood, as does direct contact with nature and the earth.

Psychological measures: rest, discipline, moderation.

Hot and dry foods to treat excess phlegm:

Pepper, onion, garlic, ginger, curry, honey, horseradish, cinnamon, nutmeg, mustard, raw sugar, salt (especially sea salt), daikon, paprika, dried and dried dates, walnuts, forest
nuts, pistachios, parsley, radishes and radishes, carrots, fennel, leeks, parsnips, asparagus, celery, orange and lemon zest, aniseed, mature cheeses, artichokes, pure chocolate, eggplant, black olives, salted fish, corn, maize, red wine, basmati rice, oats, goat meat, bacon, lard, salted meat, all spicy and spicy dishes.

With a significant excess of phlegm, it is also recommended: avoid cold, be more close to external sources of heat (for example, a fireplace), limit bathing, do not eat raw foods,
exercise regularly (to increase activity), limit sleep time. Fasting, which has a warming effect, is also helpful.

Exciting and revitalizing colors reduce phlegm, such as bright red and gold.

Psychological measures: Emotionally close and warm relationships will help you, cry your tears, share sadness, do something exciting and interesting.

Hot and Wet Foods to Treat Excess Black Bile:

Egg yolks, figs, olive oil, butter, raisins, white wine, strong beers, basil, wheat products, spelled, turnips, green beans and peas, carrots, red beets,
nuts and seeds (other than those mentioned above), grapes, blackberries, raspberries, soft young
cheeses, duck, chicken, game birds, venison, deer meat, lamb, rabbit,
shrimps and other seafood, trout, pomegranates, melted butter, chickpeas, coconut
nut.

Red beet juice, spelled, wheat and white wine have the strongest anti-melancholy effect (it can be boiled to remove alcohol).

With a significant excess of black bile, it is also recommended: avoid physical overload and external sources of intense heat and cold, limit workload, loosen discipline, often
communicate with friends and have a good time, engage in creative activities
activities that allow you to express yourself. Sexual activity increases
the content of black bile, especially in men.

Joyful colors of yellowish and orange hues work well to reduce the amount of black bile, as does being outdoors, especially in windy weather.

Psychological measures: free yourself from bad thoughts; forgive those who are offended; do not be too strict with yourself and others; think more often that life is a pleasure.

Adding spices, spices and salt makes cold foods hotter, as does cooking hot dishes from them. Hot foods become colder when eaten raw or pass
light heat treatment With moderate amount spices.

Whole grain products are preferred over those made from flour. Flour is oxidizing and very moisturizing. In addition, whole grains and beans are well balanced energetically. Salts and fats stimulate heat production.

In general, spicy, sweet, and salty foods produce heat, and sour and bitter foods produce cold (with the exception of spicy, which produces heat).

Since heat and cold are the primary qualities of the elements, we must first of all take care to achieve a balance of precisely these qualities. An organism suffering from an excess of cold requires
additional heat. An organism suffering from excess heat must be cooled. In practice, we mainly use products of an opposite humoral nature (according to the principle of antipathy), but a certain number of products whose primary quality coincides with the primary quality of excess humor is quite acceptable, provided opposite secondary
qualities (dryness/moisture).

HEALING PLANTS (HERBS)

All plants as well as food have their own humoral qualities. They also dry, moisturize, warm and cool. Their action is usually stronger. If the disease has gone too far and does not respond to simple corrective treatments such as diet and lifestyle, then often the traditional doctor in his treatment prescribes to the patient a collection of herbs that have the opposite effect.
nature (the principle of antipathy) to the element that caused the disease. Properly selected
herbal collection to a large extent helps to eliminate the violation of humoral balance in the patient's body.

LIFESTYLE

In addition to diet, there are other
mild remedies that you should try before contacting
powerful plants and other medicines. One of them is lifestyle
change which often gives excellent results. A person suffering from
excess phlegm, heavy physical activity is contraindicated. sports,
competition and competition consume a large amount of heat. With an excess
phlegm, the body already lacks heat, so it needs
save and not use up. Intense physical activity will
interfere with the restoration of disturbed balance.

The doctor must discuss with the patient his diet, food habits and lifestyle. Many do not see any connection between their unusual, sometimes hypertrophied addictions and inevitable ailments. They are surprised that they have health complaints when they
drink twelve cups of coffee a day, stay awake at night and sleep during the day.
Sometimes it is necessary to explain to a person that in order to obtain a positive result of treatment, it is necessary to give up certain habits. Otherwise, don't healthy lifestyle life will reduce treatment to
no.

Another important principle is that therapeutic measures should be moderate. Too strict diet is contrary to the spirit of tradition. When starting treatment, the doctor tries to restore the disturbed balance in the body through diet and lifestyle. For example, by increasing the number
products and activities that help remove excess cold and moisture from the body.
This moderate and long-term approach is highly effective if
a person is ready to follow him regularly. We are talking here about relatively small
diet and lifestyle changes. Radical diets that have recently acquired
time of immense popularity is something completely different.

A good example is the "raw" diet, which eliminates the heating of foods. The danger of such a diet is that it cools the body too much. It is especially harmful for the elderly
people, melancholic and phlegmatic. We cannot say that such a diet
will certainly lead to illness, but following it, it is important to consume more
warming plants. Vegetarians whose diet contains a lot of raw
foods and vegetables that are cold and damp in nature also expose themselves
risk. In people whose body is naturally cold, this can lead to an excess
cold and moisture and the development of phlegmatic diseases.

The principle behind the lifestyle recommendations is that the client should avoid activities that increase or increase excess humor. For example, with an excess of yellow bile, excess Fire must be removed from the body. This will help intense physical
loads, sports and competition. Contact with water (and especially
swimming) is an excellent way to get rid of excess Fire. Also good and
soft dry sauna - according to the principle of sympathy, its heat displaces from the body
excess heat. Just don't stay in it for too long: the secondary
sauna effect - warming up the body, which increases the amount contained in it
Fire.

An excess of Fire is incompatible with starvation, which stimulates the formation of heat. But for phlegmatic people, fasting is extremely useful: in addition to increasing heat in the body, it will also help get rid of
excess weight. With an excess of phlegm, the patient is shown everything that generates heat.
Contact with water should be limited: it gives too much moisture. Sauna
useful, but the stay in it must be long enough to
should sweat. Prolonged sleep is harmful. moderate exercise
useful: they activate the formation of Fire - an element opposite to phlegm.

As you can see, lifestyle is able to regulate the humoral balance in the body. Recommendations should consist of encouraging those activities that activate the opposite of excess humor, as well as those that remove excess humor from the body. Simultaneously
the patient should avoid anything that enhances excess humor.

An excess of black bile indicates a lack of a positive relationship with life. A person tends to eat little, which cools his body even more. Intense and prolonged mental labor creates
predisposition to diseases of black bile, especially in melancholic
period of life between forty and sixty years. A regular glass of wine
perform miracles: after all, serious work does not make a person happy.

Sexual activity removes heat and moisture from the body and therefore harms the melancholic state, especially in men. With an excess of melancholy, you should try by all means to keep heat and moisture in the body.

TRADITIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

All illnesses have a psychological component. The excess of each of the humors is associated with psychological characteristics that require a special approach. To reduce the amount of blood
calmness and discipline are needed (in its most literal sense - observance
restrictions). To remove the opposite humor from the body - black
bile, opposite measures are shown - relaxation and entertainment. cold and
dry Earth slows down and blocks the psyche, which is often external
a manifestation of bitterness, longing and mistrust, which have settled deep inside a person. On the
at the behavioral level, this may take the form of inactivity or
tight control over the environment. Such people cannot cross out of their
memory of something their parent or teacher said or did 30 years ago. Forgiveness
is an effective way to melt this block of ice.

Excessively harsh life attitudes are destructive for melancholic people.
The most conservative Calvinist churches in the Netherlands provide a good example
how despondency, gloom and spiritual intolerance make people sick. But
strictness, intransigence and repression can manifest itself in all areas of life.
As a rule, they arise as a result of the opinion prevailing in the modern world,
that we can achieve anything we want if we just try hard enough.
Melancholic depression is one of the main diseases of the modern world. Her
the reason is a lack of faith and trust. Rigid commitment to those who disagree with
life rationally formulated principles is ruthless and inhuman. AT
perfection is impossible in this world, and our attempts to create it only lead to
to sadness and pain. We can't make life the way we want it to be
see. The American Dream is a harmful illusion.

The fact is that many people's temperament
which contains a large amount of black bile, are attracted by spiritual severity
and rigid outlook. Healing from this ailment is well helped by feeling
humor, getting rid of bad thoughts and resentments, getting joy and pleasure from
life and a correct assessment of the environment. Typical qualities of a light, carefree
and cheerful sanguine. From time to time we need lightness and
emancipation. Every gardener knows perfectly well that Air loosens
sticky earth. Both inside and outside. As already noted, the excess
black bile requires creative expression. With his help, the formless Earth
takes shape and becomes controlled.

Competition, competitive spirit promotes
excretion of excess yellow
bile. Intense efforts and struggle require Fire. Excess impetuous and
violent yellow bile must leave the body by any accessible way. In our
time, an excess of Fire became especially problematic, because its manifestation
considered indecent and unacceptable. Cholerics have a hard time: they all
constantly talking about how unpleasant, uncomfortable, unkind and impolite they are. it
unfair: in the interests of health, they need to spew their Fire outward.
Excessive containment of Fire leads either to diseases of its nature, or
to its uncontrolled eruptions, which, like diseases, are harmful to
human body. This is not a defense of aggressive behavior, but
a call for greater tolerance for manifestations of this element that our society
prefers to reject. A person should not feel guilty if
maintaining his mental and physical balance, he expresses his
yellow bile in an acceptable and manageable manner.

Phlegm, like black bile, another cold humor, needs an outlet.
out. But in the case of phlegm, it is the flow of emotion that must be expressed. On the
psychological level, an excess of phlegm may be the result of a hidden
despair, disappointment and hopelessness - our natural companions in this
life. But tears, unshed because crying is considered unacceptable,
turn into phlegm, the excess of which can lead to chronic diseases
Water. The shedding of unshed tears has a healing effect, allowing excess moisture to
leave the body. Emotionally close, intimate, sincere relationships
protect a person from phlegmatic disorders - hidden phlegm receives
the opportunity to express yourself emotionally.

And finally, sanguine
illness. People suffering from excess blood need to calm down.
Psychologically, an excess of Air indicates excessive enthusiasm, a need
endlessly establish connections, communicate and engage in social and group
activity. All these activities should be kept to a minimum. In communication with
nature one on one there is a lot of pleasant and joyful. People, as one by one,
and in groups, cannot always be interesting (in fact, in large doses
they are pretty boring). passion for communication and social activities must
give way to contemplation, switching attention from the outside world inward
myself. This will give a calmness that will soothe the overheated body and help
heal the diseases of the air.

"Divine" and "great" - so they said about him in antiquity, when he saved Athens from the plague. Today he is called the "father of medicine". But not because he stood at its origins - Hippocrates singled out medicine as a separate science, separating it from mysticism and religion.

Medical art, according to Hippocrates, consists not only in curing a body suffering from ailments, but also in influencing the spiritual sphere of a person.

The great physician of antiquity Hippocrates (460 BC) was the first to lay down in his principles A complex approach to health: the need to take care of its physical and spiritual components.

He believed that full health is possible only when living in harmony with oneself and nature. “Man is a universal and unified part of the surrounding world, a microcosm in the macrocosm,” wrote Hippocrates.

Hippocrates began his medical career with medical practices in the role of a wandering physician - a periodist. Visiting the Greek colonies and cities of Asia Minor, he observed the way of life of people and gained medical experience. He saved Athens from a plague, was invited by the Persian king Artaxerxes to put an end to the diseases that befell his army, and prevented an Athenian attack on his native city Meropis on the island of Kos, appealing to the Athenian people's assembly with a prayer, and during one of his travels he met the philosopher Democritus and did not allow him to be declared insane.

received medical practice Hippocrates summarized in the form of medical writings. Some of them have come down to our time in the so-called "Hippocratic collection". In total, there are about 70 medical treatises attributed to the famous healer.

Hippocrates examining a child. Painting by artist Robert Thom, 1950

"Four Elements" by Hippocrates

According to Hippocrates, stated in the essay "On ancient medicine”, life depends on the interaction of four elements: air, water, fire and earth, which correspond to the four states - cold, warm, dry and wet.

To maintain vital activity, the body needs innate body heat, air from outside, and juices obtained from food. All this is controlled by a powerful life force, which Hippocrates called Nature. He explained diseases based on the theory of the balance of fluids in the body (humors, juices). Their balance is the basis of good health; excess air, water or imbalance of one of the humors lead to disease.

Secrets of treatment

Living in harmony with nature and considering every living being a part of it, Hippocrates believed that the formation of bodily (constitution) and spiritual (temperament) properties of a person is influenced by climate, weather, the state of winds, water, people's lifestyles, nutrition and habits.

In dealing with the illnesses of his patients, he always took these factors into account. " good doctor must determine the patient's condition already by one of his appearance', said Hippocrates. A pointed nose, sunken cheeks, puckered lips, and an earthy complexion are indicative of imminent death sick. Such a picture is now called the “mask of Hippocrates”.

Hippocrates used palpation, listening and percussion as research methods. He probed the spleen and liver, determined the changes that occurred during the day. Hippocrates treated patients medicinal herbs: he was aware of over two hundred of their species. He objected to the use of many drugs at once and proclaimed everywhere the principle of "noli nocere" ("do no harm").

Famous treatises

One of the most famous treatises of Hippocrates "Aphorisms" is presented in the form of oriental wisdom. It indicates the manifestations of pleurisy, intestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, tetanus, kidney damage, etc. Hippocrates made a huge contribution to the development of surgery, describing the methods of using dressings (simple, spiral, diamond-shaped, "Hippocrates' cap", etc.), treatment of fractures and dislocations with the help of traction and special devices (“Hippocratic bench”), treatment of wounds, fistulas, hemorrhoids.

In one of his treatises, Hippocrates outlined the principles of rational dietary science and pointed out the need to nourish the sick, even the febrile. To this end, he developed diets for various diseases. Many of Hippocrates' treatises do not fall under either the clinical or theoretical categories, but can be called practical reference books. Among them are Anatomy, The Nature of Bones, Surgery, and a dozen treatises on childbirth, premature babies, and gynecology.

Hippocratic Oath

This treatise is the most famous work of Hippocrates to date.

The Hippocratic Oath contains several principles that a doctor must guide in his life and professional activity: the doctor must have a thirst for new knowledge and internal discipline. At the same time, he must have a clear mind, be neatly dressed, moderately serious, show understanding for the suffering of the sick.

Hippocrates believed that one can be healthy only if
if you live in harmony with yourself and nature -
physical health depends on mental health, and vice versa.

Today, the Hippocratic Oath is considered the professional code of a doctor and a document medical ethics. Every doctor pronounces it, starting his professional path.

Hippocrates died in the Greek city of Larissa in 377 BC. at the age of 83. After his death, the Athenians erected an iron statue with the inscription: "To Hippocrates, our savior and benefactor."

WINGED SAYINGS OF HIPPOCRATES

"Healing is a matter of time, but sometimes it is also a matter of opportunity."
“Old people get sick less than young people, but their illnesses end only with life.”
"Some patients, despite the consciousness of doom, recover only because they are confident in the skill of the doctor."
“In any illness, not to lose the presence of mind and maintain a taste for food is a good sign; the opposite is bad.
"Your food should be your medicine and your medicine should be your food."
"Everything is good in moderation."

"Our food substances must be medicines, and our medicines must be food substances." Hippocrates So it is accepted that by the word "diet" we, first of all, mean proper nutrition. A healthy lifestyle is nothing but proper organization nutrition, uniform physical activity, rest, in a word, everything that supports and strengthens the body.

One of the most important laws that states that good health unthinkable without proper nutrition, was known 24 centuries ago. The ancient Greeks, asking the question: “What is your diet?”, They were only interested in what a person eats, since the very word “diet” means "lifestyle", "mode".

Our body is like a complex mechanism in which one link is closely connected with another. And he, like any mechanism, needs certain, certain energy and physical loads. Without proper care, the body will experience failures, which will certainly lead to the occurrence of diseases.

Rational nutrition is an important part of good health. If our diet contains all the substances necessary for life: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, mineral salts etc., it will work properly. The lack or excess of even the most insignificant food components can lead to certain diseases.

But it often happens that due to some circumstances (for example, reset excess weight), we "go on a diet", not assuming that our efforts can turn into harm, not benefit for our body. By committing unnecessary violent actions, we often simply mock the body, without realizing it. Meanwhile, the diet will only benefit if it is not a burden.

Naturally, our body, like any other complex mechanism, needs timely cleaning, and sometimes even “repair” of any of its components (in our case, these are the organs of the body). And today our conversation begins new topic – the topic of proper nutrition. We will talk not only about various cleanings, but also consider a number of diets aimed at the smooth operation of our organs.

After all, what is food? This is, first of all, what we consume, including in the daily. One of the most important properties of food is its ability to give pleasure. And to achieve this is not so difficult. cook fine dining, which will also be tasty and healthy, can be made from any product. You just have to want!

Proper nutrition is always good. But a healthy lifestyle is not only about our food. It is simply unthinkable without physical activity, which, unfortunately, most of our people are deprived of. modern society. And about what "movement is the pantry of life", said the ancient Greek historian Plutarch. Our whole life is connected with movement, even if we ourselves do not move in space, in our organisms there is a constant movement of atoms, molecules, cells and liquids.

“Gymnastics, physical exercises, walking should firmly enter the daily life of everyone who wants to maintain working capacity, health, a full and joyful life.” Each of us knows this truth. And meanwhile these words belong to the great Hippocrates. No, even the most perfect medicine will not be able to help us if we do not move.

But we should not forget that there must be balance in all areas of our lives. Overeating leads to obesity, malnutrition leads to depletion of the body, and both “gives” us a whole bunch of different ones. Immobility or, conversely, excessive exercise also does not contribute to good physical health.

The most important condition for maintaining health is the correct, harmonious alternation of work and rest, wakefulness and sleep, and of course, proper balanced nutrition.

Our body, as an integral part of nature, must comply with certain mode, which has developed on Earth over many millions of years. Violating this routine that has developed over the centuries, we deal a blow to our health, which will certainly lead to the development of certain diseases.

Let's listen to the words ancient Greek philosopher Democritus, and we will try to observe the measure in everything, for “If you go beyond the limit, then the most pleasant will become the most unpleasant”.

When I decided to write an article about diets, I intended to talk about some of its types, and nothing more. Now I understand that it is best for us to start from the very beginning. Together we will return to the roots, and then we will talk about what worries us.

We had a lot of conversations about proper nutrition, but this topic is so extensive that we will return to it more than once. After all, food is, first of all, pleasure: after eating, the brain produces endorphins- special substances that give the body a sense of calm and cause good mood. And so that the pursuit does not harm the body, the diet is on guard of health.

It will not be superfluous to repeat that proper nutrition requires certain knowledge. After all, when choosing products, we must appreciate not only their taste, but also take into account their energy value, chemical composition, diversity and environmental safety. The time and duration of meals, as well as the intervals between them, also have great importance in power mode. Only a sensible diet provides good assimilation food and the normal course of metabolism, and, consequently, well-coordinated work gastrointestinal tract, without interruptions and overloads. As a result, we get good health.

From the history of eating

For centuries, all the peoples of the world have had a special attitude towards food, food. Most of the rituals and rules that have been common among different peoples that have developed over thousands of years lead to a healthy, orderly diet without hustle and bustle, protect digestion from neglect.

In Russian peasant families, the dining table itself was considered a sacred object. In the old days, they used to say that in a hut a table is like an altar in a church, therefore, it was necessary to behave at the table just as decently as in the temple of God.

Consider examples from literary works, from films and performances that clearly showed us the meal of a Russian family: the head of the family is at the head of the table, everyone is decorously sitting in their places and waiting for the blessing to eat.

Nothing could be put on the table. Climbing on it was considered blasphemy, and allowing a child, and even more so a cat or chicken, to be on the table was a violation of the foundations.

Severe northerners were sure that the table is an open palm, and knocking on the table, hitting it with a fist was considered a great sin.

It was not allowed in Russia to scold edibles. In the code of laws and regulations "Domostroya" it was said that the dignity of food depends not only on the skill of the one who prepared it, but also on the behavior of all participants in the feast: “if they eat in reverence, conversations are appropriate, then food and drink are sweet, but if they scold the dishes, then the dishes from this will become garbage”. That is why for a delicious meal they thanked not the hostess, but God.

By folk beliefs any meal takes place in the presence of evil and good spirits. Protect people first good spirits. If the diners swear, behave badly, then good spirits are upset and leave the table. This is what the evil spirits need, which immediately make their way to the table. Oh, and these pranksters do harm to people: they throw all sorts of filth into food.

It was also explained by the presence at the table of all evil spirits, which, together with an ill-mannered person, is involved in eating. It only seems to the eater that it is he who is emptying the plates, but in fact, all the same demons are doing their tricks.

Well-bred people, who have a respectful attitude to cooked dishes, the very meal itself and respect for companions, received pleasure and benefit from food.

A similar attitude to food and eating can be traced in many other peoples. Some modern people would do well to get acquainted with these simple rules.

In order for food to fulfill its main function, not only to give pleasure to taste, but also to serve as “fuel” for our body, protecting it from various ailments, you need to try to make the wise words of the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates "Eat to live, not live to eat" your guiding star. Then we do not have to leaf through books and magazines, or ask friends in search of diets for weight loss or getting rid of diseases.

To be continued…