All about the methods of castration of a cat. Veterinarians' advice: whether or not to castrate a domestic cat

A small, fluffy lump - this is exactly what a kitten looks like in the eyes of a child and many adults at the time of its acquisition. However, over time and, accordingly, the maturation of the cat, it becomes clear that it is necessary to determine the future life of this pet, namely: decide whether to castrate the animal?

Uncastrated cat: possible problems

Perhaps in the first year of your cat's life, the question of whether to castrate him will not arise sharply, but with the advent of the first spring, you will increasingly begin to think about this issue. Most often, cats that are rarely on the street, it does not matter, voluntarily or at the whim of their owners, start marking territory. Most often, pets do not even care where to do it. Both ordinary slippers and an expensive sofa can be completely spoiled.

It is noteworthy that cats, unlike cats, are more importunate in their desires. So, a caring owner, seeing how his pet is suffering, is likely to offer the cat:

go outside and find a cat there on your own;
bring a couple to the house or send them on a date.

In the case when the first option does not work, the second also cannot always fully satisfy you. Often it is not enough for cats to enjoy one meeting, and they continue to behave indecently. In addition, in most cases, in addition to marking the territory, animals vocalize songs loudly. It is at such moments that the question of whether to castrate an animal becomes particularly acute.

The question often arises before the owners: should they castrate or sterilize their cat? Veterinarians have their own opinion on this matter. Castration is an operation., in which an incision is made on the scrotum and the testes of the animal are completely removed. Sterilization is simply the tying of the spermatic cords. In the latter case, the animal endures the whole process more easily, however, if the goal of the owner is to make sure that the animal does not mark and does not scream, this option should be excluded. After sterilization, the cat will not be able to have offspring, but all his bad habits will remain.

If you have a cat, veterinarians advise choosing castration. The operation is more difficult, but after it everyone will be satisfied. Castrating a cat is more dangerous, as there is a risk of complications.

Experts say that there is only a small period of time when castration is desirable. This is the age of the cat from 7 months to 7 years. There is one more nuance: sometimes the age depends on the breed. Some cats reach the age of puberty much later than their relatives.

Some owners doubt to the last and hope that the pills and drops, which, as they say, should relieve arousal, will work. But, in the vast majority of cases, in the end, they still decide to castrate their house cats.

How to prepare for surgery

Any veterinarian will tell you what to do. necessary before the first "mating" of the animal. Otherwise, the cat will still have a slight desire, because the pituitary gland continues to produce sex hormones, and your pet already remembers exactly how it was and from time to time will want to continue.

When choosing a place where the animal will be operated on, you should still give preference to veterinary clinics. Despite the fact that the procedure will take about 30 minutes, it is better to do it in special conditions. It is also important to stay a loved one in the first hours after the procedure.

The following tips will help:

It is important to understand that if an animal is castrated, its behavior can be a bit unpredictable. Some cats begin to lead their usual lifestyle after a few days, while others become ill. And it doesn't matter what health your pet has, there is an opinion that this happens due to psychological discomfort.

Before deciding on castration, it is important to know that it is undesirable to carry out this operation on animals that constantly walk freely along the street. Remember that habits, despite the procedure, he will most likely still remain. In the first days after the procedure, he will already want to walk in the company of cats. It is unlikely that the owners will be able to keep them from going out, and outside the home territory it is too high risk of catching an infection because the wound hasn't healed yet. And in the future, the cat will have a hard time.

Everyone chooses the option that suits him best. In any case, it is worth evaluating all the pros and cons, and only then decide on such an important step.

Castration of a cat at home 2200 rub.
"All inclusive"

No seam, no pain and no stress

Thinking about neutering your cat? Call! It is possible to castrate a cat on the day of treatment. Qualified staff of veterinary surgeons, many years of experience. You need to provide a table in a lighted room for the operation. Sterility is provided by the doctor. Preparing a cat for castration: at least 8 - 12 hours of a starvation diet. Castration of an older cat deserves more thorough preparation. It is necessary to understand whether the cat will withstand anesthesia. A blood test for anesthesia tolerance, or will make it clear whether it is possible for a cat to be castrated.

Why and when to castrate a cat?

Neutering a cat is a simple, safe and painless way to get rid of bad urine smell throughout the house and the animal's cries. The optimal age for castration of a cat is from 8 months to 2 years. After castration, cats no longer want to mark their territory, meow for days and nights, the animal becomes more docile. Moreover, the absence of reproductive organs does not leave psychological trauma, as many people think. The instinct to desire a cat disappears after 2-3 weeks after castration. This is due to sex hormones, which gradually leave the cat's blood. At home, spaying a cat is safe, inexpensive, and sterile. The safety of the operation is ensured by high-quality consumables and extensive experience of veterinarians.

Castrate a cat at home in Moscow, price

The cost of castrating a cat at home 2200 r. The price already includes anesthesia for a cat up to 5 kg., cat castration surgery, consumables. That's all you need to castrate a cat. Home visit by a veterinarian within the Moscow Ring Road - 500 rubles, outside - is calculated based on the cost of 50 rubles \ km.

Additional services if you need them:

Ultrasound, ECHO of the cat's heart - 2500 rubles. (If you doubt the tolerability of anesthesia. Recommended for the British, Scots and older cats);
Introduction to anesthesia using a catheter - 1000 rubles;
European anesthesia - 1000 rubles;
The withdrawal of the cat from anesthesia - 1000 rubles;
Removing the claws of a cat - 4000 rubles (two paws). (Operation "Soft paws" + castration is the best option, with a single introduction to anesthesia, we perform two operations);
Postoperative collar - 500 rubles.

Don't skimp on your pet's health. We use only high-quality veterinary preparations, we individually approach each furry friend, taking into account his breed and age characteristics.

How to castrate a cat at home

Seamless k astration of a cat

Castration of a cat occurs within 30 minutes. This time, taking into account the introduction of the animal into anesthesia, shaving the site of the operation. Castration itself takes no more than 10 minutes of the total time. When cats are castrated using seamless technology, the postoperative period passes unnoticed. As soon as the anesthesia is completely out of the blood, the cat will again be joyful and habitually playful. The more fluid enters his body, the faster the medicine leaves the blood of the animal.

pros seamless technology castration of cats indisputable: You will not need to go to the veterinarian twice to remove the stitches, injuring the animal. The wound heals quickly and painlessly. Does not require careful processing.

Castration of a cat, care after surgery

It is important to follow all the rules for caring for a castrated cat in the postoperative period

Treatment of the castration site is not required, since there is no seam;
Disposable antibiotic therapy - done at the request of the owner by a veterinarian immediately after castration. Not required, but recommended;
Change the litter in the cat's tray from dusty (wood) to silica gel, or just lay down a newspaper. This measure is necessary so that the dust from the filler does not stick to the cat on the wound;
With active licking of wounds by a cat, put a collar on it for 5-6 days

Castration of a cat is one of the most popular procedures in a metropolis. After all, with an apartment content, a sexually mature cat can create many problems for its owners.

In this article, we will talk in detail about anesthesia, surgery, describe the methods and methods of castration of cats, talk about postoperative care and possible complications.

What is castration of a cat

Castration of a cat is a surgical or medical procedure, the purpose of which is to suppress the libido and eliminate the sexual instincts in the animal.

During surgical castration, under general anesthesia (narcosis), the testicles (testicles) located in the scrotum or outside it are removed (see cryptorchidism).

With medical castration, the same goals are pursued, only the procedure is performed without general anesthesia. Currently, the Suprelorin implant is used for this, which is injected under the skin at the withers or into the skin-fat fold on the abdomen.

Regardless of the method of castration, the result is a change in the hormonal background, a decrease in the production of androgens (testosterone), and, as a result, changes in the behavior and life of the cat for the better.

Why castrate?

“Perhaps it’s better not to mock nature and leave everything as it is?” some pet owners will ask. After all, the possibility of reproduction is the main mechanism for the preservation of the species. And if we were talking about cats living in the wild, the question of the need for castration was not raised. However, we are talking about domestic cats living in city apartments. These animals are deprived of the opportunity to satisfy their own sexual instincts. As a result, the behavior of a cat ready for mating changes in a negative direction - the animal loudly vocalizes (screams) and marks the territory with the secret of special glands with a very unpleasant odor. And sooner or later the owner decides to castrate the cat.

Advantages of cat castration:

The cat will stop ticking. In the apartment, this sharp unpleasant smell is felt very strongly and violates the comfort of the coexistence of a person and a cat. After castration, the behavior changes and the cat does not feel the need to spray "tags" throughout the house.
The vocalization will stop. The owners will be able to sleep peacefully at night and in the morning, because the cat will stop screaming, calling the cat.
Aggressiveness in behavior towards other pets and owners disappears.
The likelihood of a cat escaping from the house is reduced, as well as the likelihood of an animal falling out of a window.
Prevention of dangerous infections. If the cat sometimes goes outside from the premises or is periodically taken to the country, uncontrolled mating with yard cats can be dangerous for the animal. When mating, a cat can contract fatal, incurable diseases such as feline immunodeficiency virus or leukemia virus.
Castration of a cat reduces the risk of developing other diseases. For example, prostatitis, prostate adenoma, tumors of the perianal sinuses never occur in neutered cats. Uncastrated cats in old age can suffer from these diseases.
According to statistics, neutered cats live longer.

Disadvantages of cat castration:

The risk of obstruction of the urethra with sand increases with the development of urolithiasis. The owner will be required to feed the cat for life with special food to prevent the formation of urinary calculi.
A decrease in the activity of the animal leads to the formation of excess weight and increases the risk of developing diseases of the cardiovascular system. Feeding industrial rations for neutered cats and, most importantly, strict adherence to the daily feeding norms indicated on the package will prevent the development of obesity.
High anesthetic risks associated with general anesthesia. The older the animal, the higher the risk of anesthesia. Therefore, castration is best done before 2-3 years. Medical castration is recommended for older animals.

At what age should a cat be castrated?

Perhaps the most controversial opinion among veterinarians is about the age of castration of a cat. Clearly defined encyclopedic data on this issue simply does not exist. Therefore, each doctor names a figure based on his own experience and clinical observations.

We generally recommend neutering a cat between 7 and 9 months of age. This age is optimal from a physiological point of view. Up to 7 months there is an intensive growth of the animal, the formation of all systems of organs and tissues. Before this age, we do not recommend castration. First of all, because of the anatomical features of the reproductive organs of the cat. After an operation performed at an early age, the genitourinary system stops developing. The penis and urethra remain underdeveloped. This does not interfere with a healthy animal in any way, but, in the case of the formation of sand and the development of urolithiasis, it greatly complicates treatment.

Cats of large breeds (for example, Maine Coon, Neva Masquerade, Kuril Bobtail) can be castrated before the age of 7 months, but only if the cat weighs more than 3 kilograms.

Why up to 9 months? By this age, puberty ends, the cat becomes a fully formed male. And his hormonal system is also undergoing changes. Testosterone, a hormone that regulates libido, begins to be produced not only in the testicles, but also in other endocrine glands - the pituitary and adrenal glands. Accordingly, when a cat is castrated after 9 months of age, the hormonal background can remain high for quite a long time - up to six months. And the expectations of the owners about the rapid effect of castration may not be justified.

Of course, the above does not mean that after 9 months it is impossible to castrate a cat. It is possible, but it should be remembered that the effect of castration may appear later than expected, and that the anesthetic risks of the operation increase with each year of the animal's life.

After the age of 7 years, the approach to the operation should be especially responsible, because the animal is already moving into the category of the elderly and requires increased attention from the veterinarian. Before castration, it is usually recommended to check the functioning of the kidneys, liver and heart of the cat. For this purpose, a biochemical blood test, ultrasound diagnostics and electrocardiography are carried out. After that, the doctor decides on the operation or offers alternative options.

Anesthesia (pain relief)

Owners often worry about whether the animal will be hurt during castration. We will try to answer this question in detail.

The operation itself is very simple and takes a little time, from 2 to 5 minutes. But, due to the fact that the skin of the scrotum is incised, it is not currently performed without anesthesia. Your veterinarian will make decisions about anesthesia based primarily on humanitarian considerations. After all, the main goal of the doctor is to help, not harm the patient.

When castrating a cat, several types of anesthesia (narcosis) are used:

Non-inhalation
inhalation
local
Combined

Depending on the condition of the animal, as well as on the protocol of the operation adopted in the medical institution, a decision will be made to perform castration using one or another type of anesthesia. Let's dwell on each of them in detail.

- Non-inhalation anesthesia. The most common way to achieve pain relief during the castration of a cat. Combinations of immobilizing (eg, Xila, Rometar, Dexdomitor, Meditin, etc.) and painkillers (eg, Ketamine) drugs are used, or combined anesthetics containing components for sedation and pain relief (Telazol, Zoletil).
This type of anesthesia is used in most veterinary clinics, as well as when castrating a cat at home.

Non-inhalation anesthesia is safe for most cats, provided the dosage is correctly calculated. To determine the correct dose of anesthesia, it is necessary to know the weight of the animal. The degree of anesthesia (depth of anesthesia) depends on the amount of drugs administered.

Some breed groups of cats have a hereditary predisposition to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which excludes the possibility of using drugs from the α-2-agonist group (xylazine, dexmedetomidine, medetomidine). Therefore, cats of the British Shorthair, Scottish, Canadian and Don Sphynx, Neva Masquerade, Maine Coon, Kurilian Bobtail breeds require a preliminary cardiological examination. When detecting HCM according to the results of cardiac echocardiography, it is recommended to choose a different method of anesthesia. Otherwise, the simplest operation can be fatal for the animal.

- Inhalation anesthesia (gas anesthesia). Today it is the safest form of anesthesia in animals. With the inhalation method of administering anesthesia in veterinary medicine, easily evaporating liquids (halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, etc.) or narcotic gas (nitrous oxide, cyclopropane, etc.) are used. The gas is delivered to the patient's lungs through a mask or endotracheal tube, enters the circulatory system, and induces deep and easily controlled anesthesia. It is excreted almost completely through the lungs when breathing. Residues of the drug are eliminated by liver cells. Thus, gas anesthesia does not affect the kidneys in any way, and therefore, it can be used in older animals. This type of anesthesia is also safe for cats with HCM.

Unfortunately, inhalation anesthesia equipment is expensive and available only in large veterinary clinics. The cost of the service is also quite high, so castration of a cat under gas anesthesia will cost more than with non-inhalation or local anesthesia.

- Local anesthesia. For castration of a cat, infiltration or epidural anesthesia with novocaine or lidocaine is performed. The solution is injected into / under the skin or into the epidural space of the spinal cord. For castration of a cat, this type of anesthesia is difficult to apply, therefore, combined anesthesia is often performed.

- Combined anesthesia. Several types of anesthesia are used to achieve optimal and safe pain relief.
In the case of animals, any anesthesia is, in fact, combined. So, to install an endotracheal tube, it is necessary to first sedate (immobilize) the cat with intramuscular or intravenous injection of xylazine or propofol - otherwise the cat will not allow manipulation. To castrate a cat using local anesthesia, it is also necessary to first enter it into a medical sleep, and then anesthetize by infiltration of the anesthetic into the skin or spinal cord.

And a few words about the castration of a cat without anesthesia. Until the middle of the 19th century, anesthesia was not used even for people, let alone animals. The cats were castrated without anesthesia and any anesthesia, like other types of pets. The operation is not so painful, death due to pain shock does not occur. The main thing in the procedure is to ensure reliable fixation of the animal. The cat was simply wrapped in a blanket or other dense fabric, or fixed in a felt boot and castrated without anesthesia.
Currently, castration of a cat without anesthesia is not carried out, mostly for humane reasons. If anesthesia is contraindicated, combined anesthesia or local anesthesia is used.

How is the operation performed

The operation to castrate a cat is perhaps one of the simplest surgical interventions in veterinary medicine. With sufficient qualifications of a veterinarian, complications occur quite rarely.

Cat castration procedure: upon reaching the required stage of anesthesia, the hair on the skin of the scrotum is shaved or plucked, the surgical field is treated with antiseptic solutions (70% alcohol, 5% alcohol solution of iodine, etc.), the skin of the scrotum is cut with a scalpel, the testicles are removed and removed . After this, the incision sites are treated with an antiseptic. Sutures are not applied to the skin to ensure the outflow of inflammatory exudate, the wounds become covered with a stable scab in 1-2 days and completely heal within a week.

The procedure for castrating a cat is clearly shown in the photographs:

Photo 1. Preparation of the surgical field: plucking hair on the scrotum.

Photo 2. Preparation of the surgical field: treatment of the skin of the scrotum with 70% ethyl alcohol.

Photo 3. Dissection of the skin with a scalpel.

Photos 4 and 5. The testis is separated from the common vaginal membrane.

Photo 6

Photo 7. ... and cut the testis.

Photo 8. Castration of a cat on a biological node: the resulting two parts of the spermatic cord are tied together. Create 4-6 knots.

Photo 9. Biological node.

Photo 10. Classic castration of a cat: removal of the testis from the wound.

Photo 11. Applying a ligature to the spermatic cord during classical castration of a cat.

Photo 12. After that, the testis, together with part of the spermatic cord, is cut off above the ligature.

Photo 13. After removal of the testicles, the wound is treated with antiseptic agents. In this case, the wound was treated with Terramycin spray.

Methods and methods of cat castration

Currently, there are two methods of castrating a cat - surgical and medical.

Classic cat neutering surgery
Surgical intervention is performed under anesthesia and always aims to remove the testicles after dissection of the scrotum. The only difference is how to prevent bleeding. The main bleeding during castration of a cat can be from the spermatic cord (this is the neurovascular bundle in which the artery, vein, nerve, lymphatic vessel and vas deferens pass) after removal of the testicle.

There are two of these ways:

Ligation of the spermatic cord with surgical thread. With this method, an absorbable or non-absorbable suture material is used, with which the surgeon ties the cord, preventing bleeding (photo 10-12).
Castration of a cat to a biological knot, when the spermatic cord itself is tied into a knot without the use of a ligature (photo 6-9).

The terms “bloodless castration method”, “laparoscopic castration method”, “seamless castration method”, etc. found on the Internet. - nothing more than a marketing ploy to draw attention to the services of the creators of these "methods".

Medical (chemical) castration of a cat
The choice of this method of castration allows you to do without anesthesia and surgical intervention. The Suprelorin implant is inserted under the skin of the animal, the active substance of which is slowly absorbed and provides a long-lasting castration effect. The duration of action in cats is from six months to 3 years. If plans change and the cat needs to be mated earlier, the implant can be surgically removed.

I consider it necessary to warn about one unpleasant feature of the use of Suprelorin for the owner: during the first 3 weeks after the implant is inserted, the cat will experience the opposite effect to the expected one - the libido increases, which screams and marks the territory even more. This is due to the mechanism of action of the drug - at first there is an excitation of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, and then a steady depression and castration effect. Therefore, if the priority is the rapid elimination of sexual behavior, chemical castration is not the best method.

The installation of the implant will be of interest to cattery owners who do not yet plan to breed a cat, but may need it in the future.

Also, this method is recommended as an alternative to traditional surgical castration in case of detection of pathologies in which the use of anesthesia is contraindicated or undesirable (HCM, hepato-, nephropathy, advanced age of the animal).

Cat care after surgery

A cat after castration requires some care. Many veterinary clinics offer a post-operative hospital service - the animal is placed in a separate box with an optimal microclimate, it is monitored until it is completely out of anesthesia, then it is returned to the owners.

If your veterinary clinic does not provide these services, or if you decide to operate on your cat at home, here are our recommendations for caring for a cat after castration:

In order to prevent vomiting and aspiration of the respiratory tract, it is not recommended to feed the cat with vomit during the day after castration. Water can be offered 4-6 hours after the cat regains consciousness.
While the animal is unconscious, it is best to place it on the floor. Do not lay the cat on a sofa or table, because. he can fall, coming to his senses. In addition, spontaneous urination is possible during anesthesia, so it is advisable to spread an absorbent diaper.
Bright light causes irritation of the optic nerve upon recovery from anesthesia. If possible, create twilight in the room by drawing the curtains. So the cat will be more comfortable to wake up.
In anesthesia, the body temperature drops by 1.0 o C-1.5 o C. To prevent hypothermia, especially if the room is cool, it is advisable to place the cat in the area of \u200b\u200bthe radiator, but not next to electrical appliances that have an open heating element. You can also use a plastic bottle filled with hot tap water (not boiling water!) - put the cat on a warm bed, place the bottle nearby and cover the animal with a thick cloth, blanket, old sweater, etc. This recommendation applies to the cold season. In warm and hot weather, additional warming is not required.
Anesthetized cats are unable to blink, so it is recommended to periodically apply sterile saline, water for injection, contact lens fluid, or non-antibiotic eye drops (eg, Diamond Eyes) to the cornea until awakening.
The duration of deep sleep in anesthesia is from 15 to 120 minutes, depending on the method of administration and the dose of drugs. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the cat does not stick its nose somewhere and does not suffocate.
Coming out of anesthesia, the cat can show aggression. For the next day, give the animal complete rest, do not try to wake him up by force. Try to limit access to the room for other cats and dogs, and also keep children out. The time of complete exit from the state of anesthesia varies from 6 hours to a day, depending on the individual characteristics of the organism. When the cat comes to his senses, for some time (up to 8 hours) there may be a staggering gait, lethargy, drowsiness, vomiting, and involuntary urination. This is a normal post-anesthesia condition, you should not worry.
The castration wound is not sutured, therefore, in order to avoid getting cat litter into it, it is advisable to reduce its layer to a minimum or even replace it with newspapers, absorbent diapers or toilet paper for several days. This will prevent the entry of small particles and eliminate complications.
During the first hours after the operation, it is possible to moisten the wound with blood. Minor bleeding is acceptable and not dangerous to the animal. The wound can be dried with a sterile gauze pad. In case of significant bleeding (more than 1 ml), it is better to consult a veterinarian.
Often cats are too diligent in the hygiene of the castration wound and can injure it with their rough tongue. To prevent self-injury, it is advisable to purchase and wear a protective collar for several days. It does not interfere with eating, but does not allow the cat to get to the wound.

Possible complications after cat castration

Usually, cats tolerate surgery well and complications after castration are rare. However, you should be alert and seek qualified help in the cases listed below.

Bleeding from a wound. A few drops of blood that appeared in the wound area are not a complication. If the blood flows out actively or runs in a trickle, it is possible that the ligature has come off or the biological knot has untied. In this case, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.
self-injury. If the cat actively licks the scrotum in the first days after castration, a wound inflicted by the cat on itself during obsessive licking can become a complication. To prevent this, it is enough to put a protective collar around the animal's neck. You can remove the collar 3-5 days after the operation.
Inflammation, wound suppuration, abscesses. In any veterinary clinic during castration, a number of antiseptic procedures are performed to prevent such complications. In the case of castration of a cat at home, postoperative suppuration is not excluded due to insufficient sterility of the room, the fertility of the suture material, the doctor's attitude to his work, etc. If you suspect a festering wound, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Fistulas as a result of ligature rejection. Due to the individual specific reaction to the suture material, the cat's body may begin to reject it. After the operation, sometimes after several months, a fistula forms on the skin of the scrotum, from which the surgical thread can “peep out”. However, fistulas are rare in cats. Treatment - reoperation and removal of the ligature. Currently, most veterinarians prefer the non-ligature method of castration, so the percentage of such complications is vanishingly small.
Urolithiasis disease(more precisely, lack of urination, obstruction of the urethra by sand). By itself, urolithiasis has nothing to do with castration. Sand in the bladder is formed in both neutered and non-neutered cats. However, after castration, especially when it is carried out at an early age, the lumen of the urethra narrows. Prevention of the formation of stones in the urine is the correct feeding of the cat after castration. Read more below.

Castration of a cat and urolithiasis

Urolithiasis (urolithiasis) - the formation of soluble and insoluble stones (stones, sand) in the organs of the urinary system.

It is believed that this disease in cats is directly related to castration. However, it is not. Sand is formed due to an inadequately balanced diet, low water intake, and a sedentary lifestyle in both neutered and non-neutered cats. But, due to the narrowing of the lumen of the urethra, in castrates, the risk of obstruction (blockage) with sand increases significantly. That is why we focus on the issue of urolithiasis in cats after castration.

Symptoms of urethral obstruction in cats:

the cat often sits in the tray for a long time,
worries
vocalizes plaintively (meows),
after visiting the tray, the filler remains dry or slightly wet (the cat pisses drop by drop),
loss of appetite, refusal to drink.

It is important to remember that the absence of urination for more than 12 hours is a reason to consult a veterinarian. Urine that does not find an exit from the bladder flows back to the kidneys, leading to irreversible damage.

For the treatment of urolithiasis, a number of therapeutic and diagnostic procedures are carried out aimed at evacuating urine, determining the type of stones, symptomatic treatment is carried out and the cat's diet is adjusted. In the case of frequent recurrences of urethral obstruction, an operation is performed - urethrostomy.

Feeding a castrated cat for the prevention of urolithiasis
Treatment of a cat with urolithiasis is expensive, and in the case of a urethrostomy, it is also unpredictable in terms of the result, so it is better for the owner to heed the recommendations for proper feeding of a neutered cat to prevent the formation of sand in the urinary tract and prevent the development of the disease:

A neutered cat must be fed with special industrial food. The main task of such food is to ensure sufficient water intake, which helps to maintain the acidity of urine at a level of 6.0-7.0. This pH range of urine helps dissolve tripelphosphates (the most common type of stone in cats) and prevents the formation of oxalates (insoluble stones).
If for some reason the cat does not accept industrial dry and wet food, the owner should pay special attention to feeding homemade food. From the diet, it is necessary to permanently exclude fish and seafood in any form, as well as everything that contains a lot of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium.
Make sure your cat is drinking enough water. According to scientific research, a cat weighing 4-5 kg should drink 150-200 ml of pure water per day. When feeding dry food, water is required even more.
Remember that low water intake is a direct path to urolithiasis!

cryptorchidism in cats

Cryptorchidism is an inherited genetic pathology of the development of a cat, in which one or both testicles do not extend into the scrotum, but remain in the groin under the skin or in the abdominal cavity.

And this is a direct indication for surgery. The fact is that the normal temperature to maintain the functions of the testicles should be 1-1.5 degrees lower than the general body temperature of the cat. With cryptorchidism, the testicles are in an unnatural environment for themselves, which can lead to the development of testicular pathologies, up to the development of a testicular tumor (seminoma). In addition, if only one testis is removed (the one in the scrotum), there will be no effect from such castration - the second testis will continue to function and the cat's sexual behavior will continue.

When examining a cryptorchid cat, the doctor determines the localization of an undescended testicle. If the testis is in the inguinal canal, it is palpated under the skin in the lower abdomen. If palpation is unsuccessful, an ultrasound examination is prescribed to determine the location of the testicle in the abdominal cavity.

After determining the localization of the pathological testis, castration is performed. A healthy testicle is removed in the conventional way, and the pathological one is removed from under the skin or from the abdominal cavity.

Castration of a cryptorchid cat is more expensive than regular castration, because much more work is carried out during this operation.

For the operation, it is better to contact a veterinary clinic. It is dangerous to castrate cryptorchid at home due to low sterility. In addition, there are cases of outright hack-work of doctors providing services at home. It happens that cryptorchidism is detected already on the day of the operation, the doctor does not have the necessary tools with him, but he does not want to lose money. Therefore, without saying anything to the owners, he simply removes one testicle from the scrotum, leaving the second inside the cat. The consequences are known - the cat continues to vocalize and mark, the owners, having not received an intelligible answer from their veterinarian (or simply not finding it), turn to another specialist already at the veterinary clinic. And they have to pay for diagnostics and a second operation.

Good day to all!

Today I would like to tell you about our experience of castration of our beloved Scottish fold cat Bonechka. In this review, I will try to tell you everything that I know about this procedure, what we encountered from our own experience and what I learned on the Internet while preparing the cat for castration. But first, meet the main character of my review.

Some official information

Castration is the removal of reproductive organs in animals. In males, the testicles are removed, and in females, castration can be partial - only the ovaries are removed or complete - the ovaries are removed along with the uterus.
This operation should be distinguished from sterilization. Sterilization and castration are two different operations with different consequences..
During sterilization, in males, only the spermatic cords are tied up, without removing anything, and in females, only the uterus is removed, while leaving the ovaries. After the operation, the animals lose the ability to reproduce offspring, but at the same time retain all other instincts and behaviors characteristic of non-operated animals.

Of course, you need to start with the preparation of the cat

I will say right away that we did not have a question about whether to castrate a cat or not. When we decided to adopt a kitten, we immediately knew that this fate would not escape him. As terrible as it may sound, but first of all we really wanted to make life easier for ourselves. So that there are no recorded angles and other delights when a cat needs a cat.

At first, we thought for a long time at what age to castrate a cat. In the veterinary clinic, we were told that the optimal age is 6-9 months. Since our kitten was born on July 1, then half a year fell on the January holidays, we decided to postpone this business until February - March and castrate the cat at 8 months. We decided to sign up in advance, since in our city there is a queue for such procedures in veterinary clinics. In addition, it was necessary to know the day exactly so that 12 hours before the operation, the kitten should not be fed. Water is not prohibited.

As I remember now, our recording was scheduled for March 3 at 11-00. We arrived 20 minutes before the appointed time, so that the kitten could at least get used to the veterinary clinic.

By the way, be sure to check that the kitten has all the necessary vaccinations, this is very important, because after the operation, the immunity of the animal weakens.

In the veterinary clinic, in these 20 minutes, they signed a service agreement with us and took consent for surgical intervention. At this time, the doctor carefully examined Bonya, measured her weight, temperature, and even listened to her heartbeat. After that, the cat was given an injection that prepared the body for anesthesia and surgery, this injection was responsible for the work of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

Then, after 20 minutes, anesthesia was introduced and I was told to leave the office, as the doctor would now begin the operation.

The whole operation lasted about 20 minutes. And 10 minutes later they took out the kitten to me and handed the sleeping Bonya into my hands. I wrapped him in a blanket and took him home, of course, without letting go. Be sure to take a blanket with you, after the operation the animal really needs warmth.

First day after surgery

Bonya slept for 3-4 hours after anesthesia. As I remember now, he woke up from the fact that his body began to shudder from vomiting. I was so scared, I grabbed the cat in my arms, but I calmed down in time, as the doctor warned of a similar condition. When the urges stopped, I put the kitten back on the bed, but for some reason he jumped off and went somewhere. And he walked stumbling, waddling from side to side, like a drunken peasant. To be honest, looking at his walk was very funny, but pity for the animal interrupted this feeling. Bonya slept with us that night, but in his usual position, curled up in a ball. By the way, on the day of the operation, we also did not give the kitten food, only water.

The day after the operation

Bonya went to the toilet for the first time. We hedgehog offered the kitten to eat, but he ate very little, mostly drank, sleep and wakefulness went on as usual.

On the third day the kitten already ate well, even went to the toilet for the most part. By the way, on the third day after the operation, in our case, nothing reminded me of anything.

Why did we decide to castrate the cat.

Firstly, Having studied all the information, we realized that this does not affect the health of the animal in any way. Unlike, for example, the same pills that some animal lovers use to make a cat stop wanting a cat. On the contrary, this procedure helps the cat avoid periodic Wishlist, which, believe me, he feels very well.

Secondly, of course, we wanted to protect ourselves and our apartment from the cat's horn and the described things, corners and other furniture.

In order for the cat to live with you in the apartment, it must be castrated.

Castration is best done at an early age - from 7 to 15 months.

Uncastrated cats mark their territory. This means the cat is pissing all over the apartment, which leads to the appearance of a very specific, very persistent smell. In order to prevent this, cats are castrated.

Castration of cats one of the simplest and most frequently performed operations in veterinary surgery.

Despite the simplicity of castration of cats, there are many methods for its implementation. Usually castration of cats is carried out by an open or closed method. After general anesthesia, depilation is usually carried out by plucking or shaving off the hair in the scrotum. The operation site is prepared according to the standard method.

Castration of cats, with any methodological approach, two or one incision of the skin of the scrotum is made (if there is one incision of the skin, then another incision of the mediastinum of the scrotum, which in my opinion complicates the course of the operation and therefore is unjustified). Further, with the open method, the common vaginal membrane of the testis is dissected, it is husked, the vessels and the spermatic cord are tied with a ligature or connected to each other. With the closed method, the testis is husked along with the common vaginal membrane, and then the testis is removed: by tearing, unscrewing with two clamps, ligation, or instrumental tying to the knot of the vas deferens bundle.

The most common complications of castration of cats are bleeding (with methods with tearing and twisting, as well as with ligation without stitching with a closed method castration of cats) and reaction to the suture material, with the formation of ligature fistulas. Techniques with non-ligature ligation give complications much less frequently. Optimal can be considered the technique of instrumental tying to the knot of the vascular-semen-conducting bundle. The surgical wound, as a rule, is not sutured.

Postoperative care, after castration of cats, usually comes down to protecting the wound from licking (by visual observation or putting on a collar), sometimes it is necessary to clean the operation site with treatment with an iodine solution, and to exclude contact of the wound with cat litter for 3 days ( instead of filler, use paper or a grid).

Visual propaganda for castration, sterilization of cats and cats

Cat owners have to deal with problems caused by the sexual instincts of their pets. The cat matures at about six months of age and is capable of sexual activity throughout the year. If the cat is not allowed outside, then he begins to mark the territory of the apartment or house, creating a disgusting smell.

Even if you take all the precautions, a cat can sneak out of a door, jump out of a window or balcony unnoticed. Very often it ends tragically, and sometimes animals disappear forever.

If cats walk on their own, then they roam all over the area, go far from home and fight with other cats.

Tramps are often infected with infectious diseases and often become victims of traffic accidents, catchers and flayers.

Neutered cats, with rare exceptions, when the operation is done at a later age, stop marking the territory. They pass aggression towards people and other cats, associated with their sexual behavior.

Spayed and neutered cats live longer and healthier lives. They are less likely to contract infectious diseases. They rarely run away or jump out of windows looking for a mate. Animals that do not leave the apartment will no longer ask to go outside and arrange cat concerts. Castration and sterilization does not affect the hunting instincts of animals.

There is a misconception that sterilized animals become fat and lazy. In fact, not all cats and cats are predisposed to be overweight. In any case, your animal will not put on weight as long as it is reasonably fed and provided with conditions for movement.

The cat is very prolific. At 8-10 months, she can already bring the first offspring. Two or three or even four times a year, she is able to give birth to kittens, an average of five in each offspring. Six months later, young offspring are also included in the reproduction process. American scientists have calculated that one cat and all its offspring can produce 420,000 cats in 7 years.

If you take care of your cat and do not let her out on the street, then during the heat period she will bring a lot of anxiety. The cat will ask to go outside, roll on the floor, roll underfoot, scream day and night, preventing sleep.

If you live in a country house or on the first floor, then local "boyfriends" come to your cat, causing even more anxiety. If she walks on her own, she will definitely bring unplanned offspring.

To drown kittens, even newborns, is to commit murder. It is also unacceptable to throw them away or toss them to someone. Raising offspring will require certain physical efforts and financial costs from you.

Of course, it's nice to watch kittens grow up, but when it comes time to find their owners, there is a big problem. Today it is difficult to adopt even purebred kittens, and some owners pay their own money to adopt their cat's offspring. Unfortunately, the fate of the majority of animals given "in good hands" is deplorable.

Neutering a cat solves all the problems associated with her behavior and offspring. This operation, which makes it impossible to have kittens, is performed under anesthesia in the surgical conditions of veterinary clinics. On the 8-12th day, the stitches are removed and the cat is completely healthy.

Spayed cats never experience the sadness or discomfort of not being in heat, nor do they suffer the loss of pregnancy or motherhood. They have excluded diseases of the genital organs and extremely rarely (unlike unsterilized cats) have diseases of the mammary glands.

At what age to castrate a cat, how to prepare, care after castration, nutrition

Cats easily tolerate castration. In most cases, no special preparation is required. After the operation, the seams do not need to be processed, but do not let the wound lick. With a normal urinalysis, feeding may be normal.

When - at what age to castrate a cat

Castration can be done at any age. But it is better to castrate young cats, they tolerate the operation more easily and stop marking their territory faster.

No special training is required.

It is desirable that the cat was hungry noticeably 5 - 15 hours.

It is good if the cat has been vaccinated and de-wormed regularly.

How is castration at home

The veterinarian arrives, examines the cat, and if there are no contraindications, then an operation is performed.

After the operation, you can put on a protective collar to keep the wound from licking.

Licking is dangerous as it can lead to bleeding.

The veterinarian makes the necessary injections, gives prescriptions and recommendations, leaves his mobile phone for consultations if necessary.

The state of the cat after the operation

The cat is gradually recovering from anesthesia: he starts moving his paws, tries to get up and walks like a drunk. Sleep and drunkenness can last from 5 hours to 2 days.

Uncontrolled urination may occur several times.

During the day, vomiting can occur, especially if the cat eats a lot, these are the consequences of anesthesia.

Castration of cats at home in Moscow

We castrate cats at home.

We castrate cats in all districts of Moscow and Moscow suburbs.

We castrate cats seven days a week and even at night.

cat after castration

During the day departs from anesthesia, in a half-asleep state.

3 days to prevent licking.

A week later, normal.

In the future, monitor your diet and weight.

Castration of cats consequences Consequences after castration of cats

As a rule, softening of character, a slight decrease in physical activity, weight gain, especially in overweight animals.

Cat care after castration

Keep warm, on the floor, make sure that it does not lick, if necessary, the collar.

Behavior of a cat after castration

The first day he was drunk, during the week he tried to lick the surgical wound, after a week he was in his usual state, gradually softening his character and reducing physical activity.

The nature of the cat after castration

In most cases, the character is more friendly, accommodating, extremely rarely there may be a deterioration in character, possibly as a reaction to stress or hormonal changes.

How does castration affect a cat How does a cat change after castration

Castration affects the cat positively in terms of living together with people in the same apartment.

How to feed a cat after castration Feeding a cat after castration Feeding a cat after castration

In general, nutrition does not change, but for weight control, especially in overweight animals, feeds with a reduced calorie content are needed. In the future, any dietary feed can be used, depending on the examination of the animal. There is no unequivocal connection with the castration operation.

Cat after castration anesthesia How do cats go after castration How do cats move away from castration The state of the cat after castration

Young cats tolerate anesthesia well, usually after 2-4 hours they begin to crawl and walk, a drunken state can persist for 1-2 days. In a week there is a complete normalization of the state.

What to do after cat castration

Make sure that you do not fall, do not freeze, do not lick the surgical wound.

Complications after castration of a cat The cat died after castration

Cat licks after castration

After castration, the cat does not eat After castration, the cat does not eat well

Cat vomiting after spaying Cat vomiting after spaying

Rehabilitation castration of cats Rehabilitation of a cat after castration

How long does a cat leave after castration

The cat is ill after castration

Smell after castration of a cat

How do cats tolerate castration?

Aggressive cat after neutering Aggressive cat after neutering

Cat won't pee after castration

Cat lost weight after castration

Cat sluggish after castration

What does a cat look like after castration?

cat marks castration

Cat marks after castration Do cats mark after castration Cat yells after castration After castration, the cat asks for a cat

Hormones after castration leave the body gradually - for about 6 months. At this time, it is possible to maintain sexual behavior. Everything goes on afterwards.

It is extremely rare due to the production of sex hormones by the adrenal glands, it is possible to maintain sexual behavior after castration - these are very rare cases.

In other cases, negative behavior is not associated with sexual instinct and it is necessary to look for ways to correct behavior.

Castration of cats age

Male cats can be neutered at any age, but it is best to do this between the ages of 7 and 18 months.

Castration time for cats

Castration of cats at what age

Terms of castration of cats

Castration of an adult cat

Castration of old cats

Early castration of cats

Castration of cats price

The price consists of the departure of the veterinarian, the castration itself and after castration therapy

How much does it cost to castrate a cat

cat castration cost

Castration of cats at home price

Free castration of cats

Castration of cats for free

Castration of cats inexpensively

Castration of cats at home

Castration at home is convenient for owners, easier for cats to tolerate, for young cats there is no technical difference.

Castration of cats veterinary clinic

Castration of a cat at home

Castration of cats pros and cons

Logical arguments are all for, and psychological ones are against

Disadvantages of cat castration

Is castration necessary for a cat?

Alternative to castrating a cat

Why do cats need to be castrated?

Pros and cons of cat castration

What does cat castration give?

cat marks castration

The most common reason cats are castrated is because they mark their territory. Castration at a young age prevents or solves this problem.

Castration of cats anesthesia

For castration of cats, general non-inhalation anesthesia is used, usually in a small dose.

Anesthesia for castration of cats

Castration of cats video

Castration of cats photo

cat castration operation

The essence of the operation is to remove the testicles, the goal is to stop the production of sex hormones.

Cat castration technique

How is the castration of cats

Types of castration of cats

Castration of a cat operation technique

How is the castration of cats

Methods of castration of cats

Ways to castrate cats

How to castrate cats

cat castration procedure

Castration of a cat operation

Cat castration process

Seamless castration of cats

Chemical castration of cats

Castration of cats complications

Complications are associated with individual sensitivity to anesthesia, with the health of the cat, with violations of the operation technique, with a violation of postoperative care.